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【过高考】2023 年高考英语大一轮单元复习
人教 2019 新版必修三 • Unit 5
一、词汇短语精练：用所给词的适当形式或根据句子含义用适当词组填空。
1. You need the ____________ (patient) of Job to deal with some of our customers.
答案：patience
解析：句意为：和我们的一些顾客打交道需要有极大的耐心。设空处作need的宾语，且空前有定冠词
the，应用名词形式，而 patience of Job 这个短语的含义则是“极度的忍耐，极大的耐心”，故填
patience。
2. The official ____________ (apology) to the public for his mistakes in his work.
答案：apologised
解析：句意为：那位官员由于工作失误而向民众道歉。设空处需要使用谓语动词，且时态用过去时态，
应用动词过去时态形式，故填apologised。
3. ____________ (Judge) from his accent, he must be from the south.
答案：Judging
解析：句意为：听他的声口，一定是南方人。Judging from…为固定表达，意为“根据……来判断”，在
句中作状语，故填Judging。
4. I am embarrassed by my complete __________ (ignore) of history.
答案：ignorance
解析：句意为：我对历史一无所知，这让我很难堪。设空处作by的宾语，且空前有物主代词和形容性修
饰，应用名词形式。故填ignorance。
5. He declared his ____________ (intend) to become the best golfer in the world.
答案：intention
解析：句意为：他表明自己想要成为世界上最好的高尔夫球选手。设空处作动词宾语，且空前有物主代
词his，应用名词形式，故填intention。
6. Certain courses are compulsory, others are ____________ (option)。
【答案】optional
【解析】考查形容词。句意：有些课程是必修课，有些是选修课。该空作 be动词后的表语，用形容词，
所以填optional。
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7. They ____________ (willing) give each other advice about hosting providers.
【答案】willingly
【解析】考查副词。句意：他们愿意给对方关于主机提供商的建议。修饰动词 give，应用副词willingly，
作状语。故填willingly。
8. It's ____________ (normal) much warmer than this in July.
【答案】normally
【解析】考查副词。句意：通常七月要比现在热得多。修饰后文形容词 warmer，应用副词normally。故
填normally。
9. ____________ (eventual) she was fired from her job at a publishing house
【答案】Eventually
【解析】考查副词。句意：最后，她被一家出版社解雇了。该空修饰整个句子，用副词，句子第一个单
词首字母大写，所以填Eventually。
10. She had asked the government for ____________ (permit) to move the books to a safe place, but they
refused.
【答案】permission
【解析】考查词性转换。句意：她请求政府同意将这些书转移到一个安全的地方，但他们拒绝了。分析
句子可知，此处应用 permit的名词permission作为介词for的宾语，该词是抽象名词，不可数，故填
permission。
二、重点语法精练：虚拟语气（三）
1. The couple treat the boy well as if he ____________ (be) their own.
【答案】were
【解析】考查as if引导的虚拟语气。句意：这对夫妇对待这个男孩很好，就像对待自己的孩子一样。结
合句意此处as if引导方式状语从句表示和现在事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语动词应用一般过去式，如果是
be动词，应用were的形式。故填were。
2. But for the teacher’s help, I ____________ (fail) in the exam last week.
【答案】would have failed
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是老师的帮助，我上一周的考试就会不及格。but for意思为“如果
不是，要不是”，与虚拟语气连用；根据时间状语last week可知，是对过去情况的虚拟，主句谓语动词
用would have done。故填would have failed。
3. It's time that you ____________ (hand) in your papers.
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【答案】handed/should hand
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：你该交论文了。It is (high) time that后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或
用(should) 加动词原形，但should不可省略。故填handed/should hand。
4. If only I ____________ (know) her phone number! Then I could call her right now.
【答案】knew
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我要是知道她的电话号码就好了！那我现在就可以给她打电话。“If
only”意为“要是……就好了”，用虚拟语气，由right now可知，句子描述与现在相反的情况，时态用一
般过去时，空格处用过去式knew，故填knew。
5. It sounds as if it ____________ (be) raining.
【答案】is
【解析】考察as if宾语从句的用法，当句子所叙述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时，从句要
用陈述语气。而不是虚拟语气，故填is。
6. I expected to feel immediately different, as if I ____________ (close) the door on my childhood.
【答案】had closed
【解析】考查虚拟语气和时态。句意：我本以为马上就会有不同的感觉，就好像我关上了童年的大门。
根据语境可知，空格处所在的句子不是事实，因此要用虚拟语气，由前面的 expected可知，空格处所在
句子表示对过去情况的虚拟，时态用过去完成时，因此空格处是had closed，故填had closed。
7. We got up early for fear that we ____________ (miss) the early bus.
【答案】(should) miss
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们起来得很早，以免错过早班车。for fear that“以防万一”引导的状
语从句中要用虚拟语气。其结构为：for fear that + 主语 + should + 动词原形，句中的should可以省去。
故填(should) miss。
8. It's high time that we ____________ (apply) ourselves to the task of protecting our environment.
【答案】applied/should apply
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：该是我们投身于保护环境这项任务的时候了。在“It's high time + that从
句”这一句型中，从句谓语动词常用一般过去时或 should+动词原形，其中 should 不能省略，故填
applied/should apply。
9. If only I ____________ (apply) myself to studying lessons in my high school！
【答案】had applied
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要是我在高中时就专心学习就好了。该句中使用了“If only+虚拟语气”
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句型，意为“要是……就好了”，分析句意可知，该句表达过去未曾实现的愿望，常用过去完成时态，
根据所给词，故填had applied。
10. I told him he would succeed only if he ____________ (try) hard
【答案】tried
【解析】only if意为“只有…（才）”，引导条件状语从句，不用虚拟语气。不要和 if only混淆，故填
tried。
三、语法填空
How do we help kids make wise choices about their money? Anne Kersten, 1 Financial
teacher in America, says that she starts it by opening an ongoing dialogue. Kersten leads two workshops
2 (design)for families. Both are values-based money management workshops 3 provide parents
with tools and talking points on how to share, save and spend money 4 (wise). Children who
attend the workshop receive either a blue piggy bank 5 a Cash Cache (贮存物).
Long before Kersten began teaching other people's kids about wise money management, she taught her own
daughters. When her daughters 6 (be) only 4 and 5 years old, they each received a small allowance (零用钱) to
learn how to share, save and spend. “Saving is important because it helps mentally prepare for long-term 7
(goal).” Kersten says. adding that her daughters knew they would be responsible for a part of their
college fee. After spending a term 8 (study) abroad, Kersten's older daughter graduated 9
college last year. She used scholarships (奖学金) along with her savings 10 (help) pay her way.
Kersten's younger daughter saved enough to cover her fee and she will graduate debt-free in 2020.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了美国的金融师Anne Kersten通过开办家庭讲习班来帮助
孩子如何明智地分享、储蓄和花钱，并以自己的女儿为例来说明孩子学会理财的重要性。
1. a 【解析】考查冠词。句意：美国的金融师Anne Kersteni说，她是通过开展与孩子之间的对话帮助孩
子对他们的钱作出明智的选择。形容词financial修饰可数名词teacher，且financial的首字母的发音为
辅音音素，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
2. designed 【解析】考查过去分词。句意：Kersten主办了两个讲习班，主要是为家庭而开动的。分析句
子可知，workshops与designed在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填designed。
3. that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这两个都是以价值观为基础的金钱管理讲习班，为家长们提
供了如何明智地分享、储蓄和花费金钱的工具和谈话要点。分析句子可知，workshops为先行词，在后
面的定语从句中作主语，所以关系词为that/which。故填that/which。
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4. wisely 【解析】考查副词。句意：这两个都是以价值观为基础的金钱管理讲习班，为家长们提供了如何
明智地分享、储蓄和花费金钱的工具和谈话要点。这里用词修饰动问 share，save，spend。故填
wisely。
5. or 【解析】考查连词。句意：参加讲习班的孩子或者可以得到一个蓝色的储蓄罐，或者可以得到一个
现金储藏物。either...or…“或者……或者……”为固定短语。故填or。
6. were 【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：当她的女儿们只有4岁和5岁的时候，她们每人都得到了一笔
零用钱，用来学习如何分享、储蓄和消费。事情发生在过去，用一般过去时，主语为her daughters，所
以be动词用were，故填were。
7. goals 【解析】考查名词单复数。句意：储蓄是很重要的，因为它有助于为长期目标做心理准备。goal
为可数名词，目标不止一个，所以用goals。故填goals。
8. studying 【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：在国外学习了一个学期后，Kersten的大女儿去年从大学毕业。
sb + spend + 时间 +（in）doing sth意为“某人花费时间做某事”为固定用法。故填studying。
9. from 【解析】考查介词。句意：在国外学习了一个学期后，Kersten的大女儿去年从大学毕业。
graduate from意为“从……毕业”，故填from。
10. to help 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：她用奖学金和存款来支付学费。分析句子可知，动词不定式
作目的状语。故填to help。
四、阅读理解
My Favourite Books
Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series (系列) of
lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.
Matilda
Roald Dahl
I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl's writing and it gave me a new appreciation for
his strange and delightful words. Matilda's battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress, Miss Trunchbull,
are equally funny and frightening, but they're also aspirational.
After Dark
Haruki Murakami
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It's about two sisters-Eri, a model who either won't or can't stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student. In trying
to connect to her sister, Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse “night people” who are hiding
secrets.
Gone Girl
Gillian Fynn
There was a bit of me that didn't want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story
is brilliant. There's tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It's a real whodunit
and the frustration when you realise what's going on is horribly enjoyable.
The Stand
Stephen King
This is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes
out 99.4%of the world's population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left. Randall Flagg is one
of the scariest characters ever.
1. Who does "I" refer to in the text?
A. Stephen King. B. Gillian Flynn. C. Jo Usmar. D. Roald Dah1.
2. Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri?
A. Cosmopolitan. B. Matilda. C. After Dark. D. The Stand.
3. What kind of book is Gone Girl?
A. A folk tale. B. A biography. C. A love story. D. A horror story.
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了作家Jo Usmari选出的四本好书。
1. C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This
Book Will/series（系列）of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.可知，下文介绍作家Jo
Usmari选出的最好的读物，所以下文中的“I”指的是Jo Usmar。故C选项正确。
2. C【解析】细节理解题。根据 After Dark中It's about two sister—Eri, a model who either won't or
can't stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student. 可知，故事讲的是两个姐妹Eri是一个要么不睡，
要么一觉不醒的模特，玛丽，是一个年轻学生。所以After Dark中讲述了Eri和Mari的故事。故C
选项正确。
3. D【解析】细节理解题。由Gone Girl中的but the horror story is brilliant.可知，这是一个恐怖故事。
故D选项正确。
五、七选五
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As we all know, health is more important than wealth. Almost all the people value health most. 1 There
are three things that a person can do to help stay in good shape; eat right food, get enough sleep, and exercise on a
regular basis.
2 Your body cannot work well unless it receives the proper kind of “fuel”. Don't eat too much food with
lots of sugar and fat. Instead, take in plenty of foods high in protein (蛋白质) like meat, fish, eggs and nuts.
Vegetables and fruits are very important because they provide necessary vitamins and minerals.
Getting the proper amount of sleep is also important. If you don't get enough sleep, you feel tired and easily
get angry. You have no energy. Over a long period of time a little amount of sleep may even result in a change of
character. Be sure to allow yourself seven to nine hours of sleep each night. 3
Finally, get plenty of exercise. 4 It also improves your heart and lungs. If you follow a regular exercise
program, you will probably live longer. 5 Basketball, swimming, bicycling, running are good examples.
Sports are not only good for your body, but they are enjoyable and interesting
If you follow the tips above, you will probably live to be much older and wiser.
A. Proper nutrition is important for good health
B. The body needs proper care in order to be healthy.
C. Eating a balanced diet helps to make your mind active.
D. It is beneficial to your health to take exercise every day
E. Then your body will feel strong and your mind will be sharp.
F. Most sports are very good for keeping the body in good shape.
G. It makes the body strong and prevents you from putting on weight
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章开头指出“健康比财富更重要”，接着分别从饮食、睡眠、
锻炼这三个方面给出了一些保持健康的建议。
1. B 【解析】根据上文 As we all know, health is more important than wealth. Almost all the people
value health most.（我们都知道，健康比财富更重要。几乎所有的人都最重视键康）以及后文
There are three things that a person can do to help stay in good shape; eat right food, get
enough sleep, and exercise on a regular basis.（一个人可以做三件事来保持好身材：合理的饮食、
充足的睡眠以及有规律的锻炼）由此可知，本空承上启下，引出文章的主题身体需要照顾才能健康。
故B选项“身体需要适当的照顾才能健康”符合语境，故选B。
2. A 【解析】本句为本段主题句，根据本段内容 Your body cannot work well unless it receives the
proper kind of "fuel". Don't eat too much food with lots of sugar and fat. Instead, take in plenty
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of foods high in protein （蛋白质）like meat, fish, eggs and nuts. Vegetables and fruits are very
important because they provide necessary vitamins and minerals.可知你的身体不能很好地工作，除
非它接受了适当的“燃料”。 不要吃太多有很多糖和脂肪的食物。相反，摄入大量高蛋白食物，
如肉、鱼、蛋和坚果。蔬菜和水果非常重要，因为它们提供必要的维生素和矿物质。由此可知，本
段主要讲合理的营养对保持健康的重要性。故 A选项“适当的营养对健康很重要符合语境，故选
A。
3. E 【解析】根据上文Be sure to allow yourself seven to nine hours of sleep each night.可知每晚一定
要保证七到九个小时的睡眠时间。由此可知，设空前一句是说确保七到九个小时的睡眠，那么本句
应当是承接上文指出这样做的好处。故E选项“然后你的身体会感到强壮，你的思想会敏锐”符合
语境，故选E。
4. G 【解析】 根据上文 Finally, get plenty of exercise.（最后，多运动）后文It also improves your
heart and lungs.可知它还能改善你的心脏和肺。由此可知，设空处应也是叙述锻炼对身体的具体好
处，G选项中it指代上文exercise。故G选项“它使身体强壮，防止你发胖”符合语境，故选G。
5. F 【解析】根据该段主题句中的“get plenty of exercise（多做运动）”以及后文 Basketball,
swimming，bicycling，running are good examples. 可知篮球、游泳、骑自行车、跑步都是很好的例
子。由此可知，本句应该是在说明运动对身体某方面的好处，后文则举出了例子。故选项“大多数
运动对保持身材很有好处”符合语境，故选F。
六、完形填空
One of Mark Twain's classic novels is The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. It is 1 in a small American town in
the 19th century. The people in this town are very traditional and live a quiet life.
The story is about a boy called Tom Sawyer, who lives with his aunt Polly. He is often in 2 with his aunt.
Aunt Polly is very kind, but Tom thinks she is always trying to control him.
Tom is different from the other children in the town. He loves adventure. He does a lot of bad things, but he
never really 3 anyone. He tries very hard not to go to school, and often jumps 4 his bedroom window at
night to meet his friends. He is very clever. One day, Aunt Polly asks him to do some painting, and he 5 to get
all the boys in the town to do the work for him by inventing a new 6 game. It is these little stories 7 make
readers want to keep reading the novel, but it is the adventures that are the most important part of the book.
Tom's best friend is Huck Finn, a boy who has no home. In one adventure, they spend the night outside, and
they see a man kill another man 8 . Later in the book, Tom, Huck and another boy decide to leave the town
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because they think that life there is too boring. They 9 to an island in the middle of a river. They 1 0 fires,
catch fish and sleep under the stars. They also make 1 1 a to travel up and down the river. 1 2 seeing the boys for
days, the people in the town think that they have died. One day, when Tom comes back to his aunt's house
to leave a letter 1 3 that he is not dead. he hears his aunt talking about his funeral(葬礼). 1 4 Tom has an
idea. On the morning of their funeral, the boys run back into town and 1 5 their own funeral before telling
everyone that they are still alive.
1. A. made B. set C. taken D. written
2. A. trouble B. silence C. peace D. war
3. A. damages B. destroys C. ruins D. hurts
4. A. out of B. into C. onto D. in front of
5. A. tries B. fails C. manages D. struggles
6. A. fighting B. painting C. touring D. sailing
7. A. which B. that C. what D. where
8. A. in charge B. in advance C. in the long term D. in the dark
9. A. run into B. run away C. run across D. run out of
10. A. catch B. set C. make D. put
11. A. bike B. boat C. camel D. cage
12. A. By B. Upon C. At D. Without
13. A. writing B. telling C. saying D. meaning
14. A. Then B. Besides C. Also D. Lastly
15. A. join B. present C. participate D. attend
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了马克·吐温的《汤姆索亚历险记》的主要故事情节，并分析
了该作品吸引读者的原因。
1. B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它以19世纪的一个美国小镇为背景。A. made制作；B. set设
置；C．taken带走 ；D．written写。be set in “以……为背景”，固定短语。故选B。
2. A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他经常和他的阿姨闹矛盾。A. trouble麻烦；B．silence沉默；
C．peace和平； D．war战争。根据下文提到汤姆认为Polly阿姨想控制他，并且他总是做坏事，
所以他经常跟Polly阿姨闹矛盾。be in trouble with “和……闹纠纷”，故选A。
3. D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他做了很多坏事，但他从未真正伤害过任何人。A. damages破
坏；B．destroys损坏；C．ruins毁坏 ；D．hurts伤害 。根据空前He does a lot of bad things和
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转折连词but可知，此处指他从来不伤害别人，故选D。
4. A 【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：他不去上学，晚上常常从卧室的窗户跳下来，与朋友们见面。
A. out of从……里面（走出），离开；B．into进入；C．onto (与动词连用，表示朝某处或某位置
运动)向，朝；D．in front of在……前面。根据后文to meet his friends可知，空处需用介词out
of，jump out of “从……跳出来”，固定短语，表示从卧室的窗户跳下来和朋友面见面。故选A。
5. C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，Polly阿姨请他画画，他发明了一种新的绘画游戏，设法
让镇上所有的男孩都为他画画。A. tries努力；B．fails失败，未能；C．manages设法；D．
struggles挣扎 。根据句意可知，他设法让全镇的男孩帮他做这个工作。manage to do “设法成功
的做”，故选C。
6. B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. fighting打架；B．painting绘画；C．touring旅行；D．
sailing航行。 根据前面的“Aunt Polly asks him to do some painting”可知，姨妈要他画一些画，
故选B。
7. B 【解析】考查强调句型。句意：正是这些小故事让读者想继续读这部小说，但冒险才是这本书最重
要的部分。分析句子结构可知，去掉本句的It is和空格处内容可知，句子成分完整，由此判断本句
是一个强调句，其构成为：It is+被强调部分+that/who(强调部分为人)+其它，本句强调部分是物，
需用that。故选B。
8. D 【解析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：在一次冒险中，他们在外面过夜，看到一个人在黑暗中杀
死另一个人。A.in charge负责；B．in advance提前； C．in the long term长期来看 ；D．in the
dark在黑暗中 。根据上文“they spend the night outside”可知，他们在外面过夜，故选D。
9. B 【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他们逃到河中间的岛上。A. run into偶遇；B．run away
逃跑；C．run across遇到，撞上；D．run out of用完。根据空前Later in the book, Tom, Huck and
another boy decide to leave the town because they think that life there is too boring.可知，在书
的后面，汤姆、哈克和另一个男孩决定离开这个小镇，因为他们认为那里的生活太无聊了。由此可
知，空处表示他们逃到河中间的岛上。故选B。
10. C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们生火，捉鱼，睡在星空下。A. catch抓住；B．set设置；
C．make制作；D．put放； 根据常识可知，因为生活在野外，要生火， make fires “生火”，固
定短语，符合题意。故选C。
11. B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们还造了一条船在河里上下航行。A. bike自行车；B．boat
船；C．camel骆驼；D．cage笼子。 根据下文“to travel up and down the river”可知，他们是乘
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船行走的，故选B。
12. D 【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：没见到孩子，人们以为他们死了。A. By通过；B．Upon
在……上面；C．At在某地（小地点）；D．Without没有。由空后,the people in the town think
that they have died.可知，因为没有见到孩子们所以以为孩子们死了。故选D。
13. C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，当汤姆回到他姨妈家写了一封信说他没死，他听到姨妈
在谈论他的葬礼。A. writing写；B．telling告诉；C．saying信件上写着，说；D．meaning意思是
。根据leave a letter可知，表示信上写道，用saying，故选C。
14. A 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后汤姆有了一个主意。A. Then然后；B．Besides此外；
C．Also也； D．Lastly最后。 根据上文提到他听到Polly阿姨谈论他的葬礼的事，然后汤姆有了
主意，故选A。
15. D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：葬礼那天早上，孩子们跑回镇上参加自己的葬礼，然后告诉大
家他们还活着。A. join加入；B．present授予；C．participate参加，后常接介词in；D．attend参
加，出席。 参加葬礼搭用attend，故选D。
七、书面表达
假如你是李华，最近你们班同学围绕“Is Money Everything”的话题开展了激烈的讨论，并发表了
不同的看法，请你以此为题，写一篇作文。内容如下：
1.点明主题；
2金钱的优缺点：
3.你对于金钱的看法。
注意：1.词数100个左右：
2.可适当增添细节，以使行文连贯；
_______________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________.
【参考答案】
Hello everyone, my name is Li Hua. Recently, there is a hot topic "Is Money Everything" in my class.
Money plays a significant role in people's life. Some students think money has lots of benefits. It can be used
to buy food, clothes, books, bicycles, furniture and many other things people need or want. They regard money as
the most important thing in life. However, others hold a different idea. Money is not everything. If people just focus
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on making money, they may lose a lot of things, such as health, friendship and love.
In my opinion, I don't think we should take money as everything. Money is just a tool that can help us solve
problems or make us live a comfortable life. What we should do is to use it properly. Only in this way, can we all
live a happier life.
【语篇解读】本篇书面表达属于议论文。假如你是 Lisa，最近你们班同学围绕“Is Money
Everything”的话题开展了激烈的讨论，并发表了不同的看法，请你以此为题，写一篇作文。
【范文亮点】1. 词汇积累
主题：topic→theme
购买：buy→purchase
重要的：significant→vital
在我看来：in my opinion→from my point of view
2句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Some students think money has lots of benefits. It can be used to buy food, clothes, books,
bicycles, furniture and many other things people need or want.
扩展句：Some students think money has lots of benefits, which can be used to buy food, clothes,
books, bicycles, furniture and many other things people need or want.
【点 睛】【高分句型l】If people just focus on making money, they may lose a lot of things，such as
health, friendship and love.（运用了条件状语从句）
【高分句型2】What we should do is to use it properly.（运用了主语从句）
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