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【过高考】2023 年高考英语大一轮单元复习
人教 2019 新版选择性必修四 • Unit 3
一、词汇短语精练：用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. The country decided to have an ________(extend) of government control on the market.
【答案】extension
【解析】考查名词。句意：国家决定扩大政府对市场的控制。空处应填名词和下文 of构成名词所有格，
冠词an提示用其单数。故填extension。
2. We have had meaningful _________(negotiate) and I believe we are very close to a deal.
【答案】negotiations
【解析】考查名词复数。句意：我们进行了有意义的谈判，我相信我们非常接近达成协议。不止一个谈
判，用可数名词negotiation的复数形式作宾语。故填negotiations。
3. A back injury forced her to withdraw ________ the competition.
【答案】from
【解析】考查介词。句意：背部受伤迫使她退出比赛。withdraw from“从......退出”为固定短语。故填
from。
4. The World Cup Final between France and Croatia received global media ________ (cover).
【答案】coverage
【解析】考查名词。句意：法国和克罗地亚之间的世界杯决赛得到了全球媒体的报道。结合语意，空处
应用名词coverage，表示“新闻报道”，作动词received的宾语，符合句意。故填coverage。
5. The filling of dumplings is usually a _______(mix) of meat, vegetables and seasoning.
【答案】mixture
【解析】考查名词。句意：饺子的馅通常是肉、蔬菜和调味料的混合物。设空处前有不定冠词a，后有介
词，应填可数名词单数。根据句意“混合物”，应为可数名词mixture。故填mixture。
6. His speech won the__________(applaud) of the audience.
【答案】applause
【解析】考查名词。句意：他的演讲获得了观众的掌声。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填名词作宾语，
applaud的名词形式为applause，为不可数名词。所以应填applause。故填applause。
7. The _________(mercy) boss lent a helping hand to the poor family.
【答案】merciful
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【解析】考查形容词。句意：仁慈的老板向这个贫穷的家庭伸出了援助之手。形容词 merciful (仁慈的)作
定语，修饰名词boss。故填merciful。
8. It is said that he is in________ (possess) of three shops.
【答案】possession
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：据说他拥有三家商店。根据句意可知，本题考查短语in possession of “拥
有”。故填possession。
9. He disguised himself as a young beautiful lady on purpose just to avoid__________(arrest) by the police.
【答案】being arrested
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他故意把自己伪装成一位年轻漂亮的女士，以避免被警察逮捕。句中
avoid doing sth为固定短语意为“避免做某事”，doing为动名词作宾语。arrest为动词，意为“逮捕”其
与he之间是被动关系，故应该使用动名词的被动结构。故填being arrested。
10. I've displayed a few of the most important files and ________(directory) in the code.
【答案】directories
【解析】考查名词单复数。句意：我已经在代码中显示了一些最重要的文件和目录。根据句子分析可知
此空单词应与and前files 为并列关系且为可数名词，所以应用名词复数结构形式。故填directories。
二、题型精练：七选五
Like space exploration, deep sea exploration requires new instruments and technology. The ocean depths are
cold and dark and are under high pressure. 1
Finding the Bottom
In the 8th century, lead weights which were attached to ropes are dropped to measure water depth. Beginning in
the19th century, researchers used wire rather than rope to take sounding measurements. In the modern era,
acoustic (声学的) depth measurement devices are widely used. 2.
Human Exploration
Once people knew where the sea floor was, 3 Science has progressed way beyond the diving bell, a
huge bottle containing air that could be lowered into the water. The first submarine was built by Cornelius Drebbel
in 1623.The first underwater breathing device was invented in 1865. In 1964, Alvin was tested. Alvin was built by
General Mills and operated by the US Navy. Alvin allowed three people to remain underwater for as long as nine
hours and as deep as 14,800 feet. Modern submarines can travel as deep as 20,000 feet.
Robotic Exploration
While humans have visited the bottom of the Mariana Trench, 4. Further exploration relies on modern
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robotic systems.
Remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) are controlled by researchers on a ship. ROVs typically carry cameras,
manipulator (操作) arms, sonar equipment, and sample containers.
Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) operate without human control. 5. Some vehicles, such as
the Nereus, act as either a ROV or AUV.
A. But diving deep never ends
B. Humans are curious about the sea
C. they have made a lot of discoveries
D. they wanted to visit and examine it
E. the trips only allowed limited exploration
F. Basically, they produce a loud sound and listen for echoes to measure distance
G. They generate maps, measure temperature and chemicals, and take photographs
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。人类对深海的探索从未停止过，人类利用了各种方式来探测深海
的底部有多深。
1. A 【解析】根据前文“The ocean depths are cold and dark and are under high pressure.(海洋深处又冷又黑，
承受着高压)”以及后文“In the 8th century, lead weights which were attached to ropes are dropped to
measure water depth.(在8世纪，人们放下绑在绳子上的铅锤来测量水深)”以及后文“Science has
progressed way beyond the diving bell, a huge bottle containing air that could be lowered into the water.(科学的
进步远远超过了潜水钟，潜水钟是一个巨大的瓶子，里面装着可以放入水中的空气)”可知，尽管深
海又黑又冷，但是人类一直在尝试各种方式来去探测深海，因此选项 A “But diving deep never
ends(但是深海潜水永无止境)”与前文构成转折关系，同时引起下文，符合语意。故选A项。
2. F 【解析】根据前文“Beginning in the19th century, researchers used wire rather than rope to take sounding
measurements. In the modern era, acoustic(声学的)depth measurement devices are widely used.(从19世
纪开始，研究人员使用钢丝而不是绳索进行测深测量。在现代，声学深度测量装置得到了广泛的应
用)”可知，研究者们通过测量声音来判断海底的深度，选项F中的“a loud sound”与前文的“take
sounding measurements”相对应，F选项“Basically, they produce a loud sound and listen for echoes to
measure distance(基本上，它们会发出很大的声音，然后听回声来测量距离)”符合语意,they指代上文
的acoustic depth measurement devices。故选F项。
3. D 【解析】根据后文的“The first submarine was built by Cornelius Drebbel in 1623.The first underwater
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breathing device was invented in 1865.In 1964, Alvin was tested. Alvin was built by General Mills and
operated by the US Navy. Alvin allowed three people to remain underwater for as long as nine hours and as
deep as 14,800 feet. Modern submarines can travel as deep as 20,000 feet.(第一艘潜艇由科尼利厄斯·德
雷贝尔于1623年建造。第一个水下呼吸装置于1865年发明。1964年，阿尔文接受了测试。阿尔文
由通用磨坊建造，由美国海军运营。阿尔文允许三人在水下停留长达九个小时，深度达 14800英尺。
现代潜艇可以航行到20000英尺深)”可知，人们发明和创造了很多东西来帮助自己去探索深海，因
此可知人们对于深海是充满了兴趣和好奇的，一旦确定深海在哪，他们一定去看看深海是怎么样的。
故选项D “they wanted to visit and examine it(他们就想去参观考察)”引起下文内容，符合语意。故选D
项。
4. E 【解析】根据后文“Further exploration relies on modern robotic systems.(进一步的探索依赖于现代的机
器人系统)”可知，人类探索的能力有限，更进一步的探索需要借助现代的机器人系统，故选项
E“the trips only allowed limited exploration(但这些旅程只能进行有限的勘探)”说明了人类探索的局限
性，同时引出下文借助机器人系统来探索的重要性。故选E项。
5. G 【解析】根据前文“Remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) are controlled by researchers on a ship. ROVs
typically carry cameras, manipulator(操作)arms, sonar equipment, and sample containers. Autonomous
underwater vehicles (AUVs) operate without human control.(遥控飞行器由船上的研究人员控制。ROV
通常携带摄像机、机械臂、声纳设备和样本容器。自动水下机器人在没有人类控制的情况下运行)”
以及后文“Some vehicles, such as the Nereus, act as either a ROV or AUV.(有些工具，如Nereus，可以
作为ROV或AUV)”可知，这些远程操控的机器有携带摄像机、机械臂、声纳设备和样本容器等能
够实现诸如拍照等多种功能，故选项G “They generate maps, measure temperature and chemicals, and
take photographs(他们绘制地图，测量温度和化学物质，并拍摄照片)”符合语意。故选G项。
三、语法填空
Inspired by the work of William Beebe, Dr. Sylvia Earle (1935) began her work as an oceanographer at the
age of 3 when she 1 (knock) off her feet by a wave. She was fascinated by the ocean and its creatures.
Although she struggled 2 (balance) her studies and family, Earle earned her PhD from Duke University,
becoming well known in the marine science community. Early in her career, and while she was four 3 (month)
pregnant, Earle traveled 30.5m/100 ft below the surface in a submersible (潜水器). Her experience 4 (live)
in an underwater marine habitat earned her celebrity status in the scientific community.
With the experience, Earle developed an interest 5 deep sea exploration, and in 1979 she broke
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6 record for deep diving at 381 m/1,250 ft below the surface in a special suit called the Jim Suit designed
to withstand (抵挡) the 7 (press). Earle decided to test the suit as part of her research on a book 8
(publish) by National Geographic, and the diving techniques only scratched the surface of the ocean. Following this
adventure, Earle started two companies 9 produce deep sea exploration vehicles. The continued advancement
in the technology of these vehicles has helped open up areas in the deep sea 10 (previous) unexplored.
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了深海女王——美国深海探险家西尔维亚·厄尔无畏艰
险，勤于追寻，无数次深入深海，追寻海洋的奥秘；作为一名环保主义者，她身体力行，用事实的陈述
和诚恳的语言呼唤世人保护海洋、保护地球的事迹。
1. was knocked 【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：受到威廉·毕比工作的启发，西尔维亚·厄尔博士
在三岁海浪拍打着她的腿的时候就开始了作为一名海洋学家的工作。分析句子结构可知空处应填谓语
动词的形式，根据at the age of 3可知是在陈述过去的事情，feet和knock off 之间是动宾关系，需用被
动语态。故填was knocked。
2. to balance 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管她努力平衡她的学习和家庭之间的关系，厄尔获得了
杜克大学的博士学位，成为海洋科学届的知名人士。struggled为让步状语从句的谓语动词，空处需填
非谓语动词作宾语。struggle之后需接to do不定式作宾语。故填to balance。
3. months 【解析】考查名词的单复数。句意：在她职业生涯的早期，当她怀孕四个月的时候，厄尔乘坐
着潜水艇刚在水下航行了30.5米/100英尺。month为名词，four为数词，空处这里需填名词的复数作表
语。故填months。
4. living 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她在海洋栖息地的经验为她赢得了科学界的名人地位。分析句
子结构可知，earned为句子的谓语动词，所以空处应填非谓语动词，experience意为“经验”，表示某
方面的经验用experience in doing , 介词in 可以省略，空处需填动名词形式。故填living。
5. in 【解析】考查介词。句意：有了这些经验，厄尔第对深海探险产生了深厚的兴趣，1979年，她穿着
一件可以抵抗水压的被称之为Jim Suit的特殊衣服打破了在水下381米/1250英尺的深度潜水记录。
develop an interest in...为固定短语，意为“对……产生兴趣”。故填in。
6. the 【解析】考查定冠词。句意：1979年，她穿着一件可以用抵抗水压的被称之为Jim Suit的特殊衣服
打破了在水下381米/1250英尺的深度潜水记录。此处的record指在水下381米/1250英尺深度的潜水记
录，表特指，需用定冠词the。故填the。
7. pressure 【解析】考查名词。句意：有了这些经验，厄尔对深海探险产生了深厚的兴趣。1979年，她穿
着一件可以抵抗水压的被称之为Jim Suit的特殊衣服打破了在水下381米/1250英尺的深度潜水记录。
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withstand为动词，空格处需填名词作宾语。press的名词pressure是不可数名词。故填pressure。
8. published 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：厄尔决定测试这套衣服，作为她对由国家地理出版的图书
研究的一部分，而潜水技术知识触及到了海面。分析句子结构可知，句子谓语动词是 decided, 所以空
格处应填非谓语动词作定语，book和publish之间是动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填published。
9. that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在这次冒险之后，厄尔创办了两家生产深海探险车辆的公司。
这里的先行词是companies，在定语从句中作主语，指物，需用that/which引导。故填that/which。
10. previously 【解析】考查副词。句意：这些飞行技术的持续进步帮助打开了深海探索以前未被探索的
领域。空处修饰过去分词unexplored, 需用副词形式。故填previously。
四、阅读理解
A huge crowd has gathered to watch China’s new scientific research ship enter the water for the first time.
This ship, equipped with on-board labs and the latest scientific kit, will eventually explore the world’s oceans. But
it is also going to help China plunge beneath the waves: it will serve as a launch-pad for submarines that can dive
to the deepest parts of the ocean. “Humans know much less about the deep oceans than we know about the surface
of the Moon and Mars. That’s why I want to develop the facility for ocean scientists to reach the deep seas,” says
Prof. Cui Weicheng.
He is the dean of deep sea science at Shanghai Ocean University but he has also set up a private company
called Rainbow Fish, which built the new research ship and is busy developing submersibles. One of its unmanned
subs reached a depth of 4,000m (13,000ft) in its most recent trial. But Rainbow Fish’s ultimate goal is manned
exploration and it plans to take humans to the very bottom of the ocean the Mariana Trench, in the Pacific, at a depth
of nearly 11,000m (36,000ft). He shows me around a life-size model of the submarine and explains that there is
room inside for a crew of three, who will be protected by a thick metal sphere.” At the moment, we are in the design
stage, so we are testing several extremely high-strength materials for it.” It will have to bear immense pressures
from the crushing weight of water above. If there are any weaknesses, the submarine will implode. The deepest
ocean is a place few people have ever experienced first-hand. The first dive to the Mariana Trench was carried out
in 1960 by US Navy Lieutenant Don Walsh and Swiss engineer Jacques Picard. Their vessel, the Bathyscaphe
Trieste, creaked and groaned as it made the descent, taking nearly five hours.
The only other manned expedition was carried out by Hollywood director James Cameron, who took a solo
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plunge in a bright green submarine in 2012. Rainbow Fish wants its sub to be next. The team insists its venture isn’t
about politics and that it is looking to collaborate with American, Russian and European scientists. It is, though, a
commercial operation. The company plans to charge people to use its research ship and submarines, and is targeting
three groups, says managing director Dr. Wu Xin. “The first is definitely the scientists who are interested in studying
deep-sea science and technology. The second group is offshore companies and oil companies. The last one is tourists
and adventurers [who] want to go down themselves to have a look at what’s going on there,” he says. This kind of
entrepreneurial approach may be a new model for science in China. Deep-sea research is a difficult, high-risk
activity — and much of the ocean remains unexplored. But Cui, who hopes to be the first Chinese person to reach
the Mariana Trench, believes that China could be the nation to truly open up this final frontier.
1. What function does the new scientific research ship serve?
A. As a deep-sea facility for tourist adventures B. As a supply ship for scientific explorations.
C. As a station for observing giant squid. D. As a launch-pad for submarines.
2. What is Prof. Cui Weicheng currently doing?
A. Testing high-strength materials for building submarines.
B. Designing a thick metal sphere for bearing space pressure.
C. Charting the Mariana Trench in the western Pacific Ocean.
D. Making plans for his dive to the bottom of the Mariana Trench.
3. What does “this kind of entrepreneurial approach” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Prof. Cui doesn’t rely on government funding. Instead he runs a for-profit business.
B. Prof. Cui is bold in his submarine design.
C. Prof. Cui, who started the company, is a professor-turned entrepreneur.
D. Prof. Cui is the first to offer his ship for tourists.
4. Which of the following might be the best title of this passage?
A. Deep-sea science and technology B. Ocean exploration
C. Race to the deep D. The rising of Rainbow Fish
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章通过中国新型科研船的导入，介绍了Cui Weicheng教授，他的
Rainbow Fish公司以及该公司的最终目标——探访马里亚纳海沟。
1. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“But it is also going to help China plunge beneath the waves: it
will serve as a launch-pad for submarines that can dive to the deepest parts of the ocean.” （但它也将帮
助中国潜入海浪之下：它将作为潜艇的发射台，可以潜入海洋最深处。）可知这个科研船的功能主
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要是作为潜艇的发射台，D选项符合文意。故选D项。
2. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“At the moment, we are in the design stage, so we are testing
several extremely high-strength materials for it.”（目前，我们正处于设计阶段，因此我们正在测试几
种超高强度材料。）可知Cui Weicheng教授目前正在为了最终潜艇的建造在测试一些材料，A选项
符合文意。故选A项。
3. A 【解析】词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段“The company plans to charge people to use its research ship
and submarines, and is targeting three groups, says managing director Dr. Wu Xin. “The first is definitely
the scientists who are interested in studying deep-sea science and technology. The second group is offshore
companies and oil companies. The last one is tourists and adventurers [who] want to go down themselves to
have a look at what’s going on there,” he says.”（该公司董事总经理吴欣博士说，该公司计划向使用其
研究船和潜艇的人收费，目标是三个群体。“第一类肯定是对研究深海科学和技术感兴趣的科学家。
第二类是离岸公司和石油公司。最后一类是游客和冒险家（他们）想亲自去看看那里发生了什
么，”他说。）可知后面提到this kind of entrepreneurial approach指的就是上文说的这种企业化运作
的方式。选项A (Cui教授不依赖政府资助。相反，他经营着一家营利性企业)提到了“he runs for a
for-profit business”（他经营着一家盈利性的公司）与题意相符，故选A项。
4. C 【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“The first dive to the Mariana Trench was carried out in 1960 by US
Navy Lieutenant Don Walsh and Swiss engineer Jacques Picard.”（1960年，美国海军中尉唐·沃尔什和
瑞士工程师雅克·皮卡德首次潜入马里亚纳海沟。），第三段“The only other manned expedition was
carried out by Hollywood director James Cameron, who took a solo plunge in a bright green submarine in
2012. Rainbow Fish wants its sub to be next.”（另一次载人探险是由好莱坞导演詹姆斯·卡梅伦进行的，
他于2012年独自在一艘亮绿色潜水艇上潜水。Rainbow Fish希望它的潜艇成为下一个。）和“But
Cui, who hopes to be the first Chinese person to reach the Mariana Trench, believes that China could be the
nation to truly open up this final frontier.”（但Cui希望成为第一个到达马里亚纳海沟的中国人，他相
信中国可以成为真正开放这最后一条边境的国家。）可知，文章讲述了半个世纪以来人们在深海潜
水方面的成就和建树，而第三段也讲到了作者希望能成为达到马里亚纳海沟的第一个中国人，这几
点与选项“Race to the deep”比较契合，故选C项。
五、七选五
Imagine taking a voyage to the deepest part of the ocean. What types of thing would you expect to see? Would
you see familiar animals and plants or find strange and new ones?
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Scientists keep looking for new species and new facts. 1.
Diving deep in the ocean
The deep ocean, 1,000 meters below the surface, is freezing cold.
What’s worse, the water pressure can harm you if you don’t have protective devices on. Therefore, deep divers
wear special diving suits to protect themselves from the water pressure. 2, some of which have robot arms
that can collect samples of water, soil, and small animals underwater.
Using satellites for tracking
Satellites up in space can help to track sea animals travels in the ocean. Scientists attach some animals with
electronic sensors to study them. Then, a satellite can track the signal from the sensor attached on the animal’s fin
or back. 3. Besides, scientists can use this signal to predict the animal’s future movements.
4
What types of animals are in the ocean? How many are there? Oceanographers studied and counted animals
for ten years to discover the answers. They looked at all the world’s oceans from the North Pole to the South Pole.
They counted more than 30,000 species in more than 30 million records. More than 6,000 new species had never
been seen before!
However, not all the animals have been discovered.
5. There are many more surprises to come!
A. Counting sea animals
B. Living deep underwater
C. The more they explore, the more they find
D. It shows when, where, and how the animal travels
E. For really deep dives, they ride in small submarines
F. Life is more diverse than people previously thought
G. With sensors, some fish have traveled over 75,000 kilometers
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家们一直使用不同方法和科技手段在海洋深处寻找
新的物种和新的事实。
1. C 【解析】上文“Scientists keep looking for new species and new facts. (科学家们一直在寻找新物种和新
事实)”说明科学家们一直在进行探索研究，C项中they指代的是科学家们，C项“他们探索得越多，
发现得越多”说明科学家们探索的结果，承接上文，符合题意。故选C。
2. E 【解析】上文“Therefore, deep divers wear special diving suits to protect themselves from the water pressure.
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(因此，深水潜水员穿着特殊的潜水服以保护自己免受水压的影响)”说明潜水员潜入深水时需要穿
着特殊的装备，E项“对于真的很深的潜水，他们乘坐小型潜艇”承接上文，并引出下文“some of
which have robot arms that can collect samples of water, soil, and small animals underwater.(其中一些有
机器人手臂，可以收集水下的水、土壤和小动物的样本)”，下文中 which指代E项中的 small
submarines，E项承上启下，符合题意。故选E。
3. D 【解析】上文“Scientists attach some animals with electronic sensors to study them. Then, a satellite can
track the signal from the sensor attached on the animal’s fin or back.(科学家用电子传感器连接一些动物
来研究它们。然后，卫星可以跟踪安装在动物鳍或背部的传感器发出的信号)”说明科学家使用电子
传感器连接动物后，卫星可以跟踪信号，D项“它显示了动物何时、何地以及如何旅行”承接上文，
符合题意。故选D。
4. A 【解析】下文“What types of animals are in the ocean? How many are there?(海洋中有什么动物？有多
少？)”说明要计算海洋中的动物数量，A项“数一数海洋动物”引出下文，符合题意。故选A。
5. F 【解析】下文“There are many more surprises to come!(接下来还有更多惊喜！)”说明接下来还会有更
多的发现，F项“生命比人们以前想象的更加多样化”说明生命种类事实上更多，引出下文的结果，
符合题意。故选F。
六、完形填空
My journey to isolation (隔离) was somewhat accidental.
I saw an advertisement for a job as a leader for an expedition (探险) to Antarctica-and I have to 1 it
was the penguin in the ad that 2 my attention. The ad noted that they were looking for someone to lead a
3 of expeditioners in one of the most 4 and isolated places on the planet. I took part in an 5 and
then got a job that I knew I would regret if I didn’t 6 it. Leading 18 strangers for a full year-through
months of darkness and with no 7 from the freezing cold—I learned some 8 lessons.
After the journey, I wrote two best-selling books and became a motivational speaker. Being in isolation meant I
had to do lots of self 9.I kept a 10, and every day I would think 11 of how I had operated
as a leader. That discipline of 12 myself taught me how to tell right from wrong.
I often think back to 13 I saw the picture of the penguin that 14 me to look at the ad for the
job. It’s a moment that 15 my life completely.
1. A. admit B. believe C. indicate D. realize
2. A. demanded B. deserved C. caught D. needed
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3. A. flood B. couple C. team D. handful
4. A. awful B. remote C. promising D. disturbing
5. A. experiment B. interview C. election D. investigation
6. A. make for B. prepare for C. register for D. go for
7. A. escape B. departure C. protection D. defence
8. A. hard B. powerful C. private D. terrible
9. A. service B. repair C. study D. reflection
10. A. pet B. secret C. journal D. promise
11. A. clearly B. carefully C. highly D. badly
12. A. evaluating B. forgiving C. behaving D. enjoying
13. A. where B. why C. when D. how
14. A. enabled B. permitted C. allowed D. inspired
15. A. improved B. formed C. ended D. changed
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，作者偶然看到一则招聘南极洲探险队领队的广告，就应聘了这个工
作，然后带领着探险队员去南极探险，度过了数月的严寒和黑暗，以及探险归来后作者总结与感悟等等。
1. A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不得不承认广告中的企鹅才是我关注的对象。A. admit承认；
B. believe相信；C. indicate暗示，表明；D. realize认识到。作者一开始就认为是招聘广告中的企鹅
照片引起了他的注意，故选A项。
2. C 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不得不承认广告中的企鹅才是我关注的对象。A. demanded强
烈要求；B. deserved值得；C. caught 抓住，引起；D. needed需要。动词短语catch one’s attention意
为“引起某人的注意”，是固定搭配，故选C项。
3. C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这则广告指出，他们正在寻找一个人带领一支探险队，前往地球
上最遥远和最偏远的地方之一。A. flood洪水；B. couple几个；C. team队，组；D. handful有害的。
a team of 一队，固定名词短语，a team of expeditioners 意为一支探险队，故选C项。
4. B 【解析】考查形容词的词义辨析。句意：这则广告指出，他们正在寻找一个人带领一队探险队，前往
地球上最遥远和最偏远的地方之一。A. awful坏的，可怕的；B. remote遥远的；C. promising有希望
的；D. disturbing烦恼的。根据文中开头提到作者看到一则招聘南极洲探险队领队的广告，南极是
一个地球上最偏远的地方，故选B项。
5. B 【解析】考查名词的词义辨析。句意：我参加了一个面试，然后得到了一份工作，我知道如果我不去
的话，我会后悔的。A. experiment实验；B. interview面试；C. election选择；D. investigation调查。
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根据上文，作者被一则招聘探险队领队的招聘广告吸引，因此决定应聘，可知此处是参加了这个招
聘的面试。故选B。
6. D 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我参加了一个面试，然后得到了一份工作，我知道如果我不选
择去的话，会后悔的。A. make for导致，造成；B. prepare for准备；C. register for注册；D. go for选
择，倾心于。通过了面试得到工作后，接下来面临的是是否选择它，故选D。
7. A 【解析】考查名词短语辨析。句意：我带领18个陌生人在黑暗中度过了数月的黑暗，无法摆脱寒冷
的严寒。 A. escape 逃跑；B. departure出发；C. protection保护；D. defence保卫，保护。escape
from逃脱，是固定搭配，no escape from意为无法逃脱。故选A。
8. B 【解析】考查形容词的词义辨析。句意：我学到了一些强有力的教训。A. hard艰难的；B. powerful
强大的，有效的；C. private 私有的；D. terrible可怕的。南极探险，历经严寒困苦，根据下文，探
险归来后，作者成了一名励志演说家。故作者在探险过程中，学到了很多强大有效的教训。故选
B。
9. D 【解析】考查名词的词义辨析。句意：与世隔绝意味着我要做大量的自我反省。A. service服务；B.
repair修补；C. study学习，研究；D. reflection映像，反映。作为南极探险队的领导者，必须独立面
对很多问题，做好决策与反思。故选D。
10. C 【解析】考查名词的词义辨析。句意：我写日记。A. pet宠物；B. secret秘密；C. journal刊物，日记
D. promise 诺言，许诺。keep a journal写日记，固定搭配，故选C。
11. B 【解析】考查副词的词义辨析。句意：每天都会仔细思考自己作为一个领导者，是如何运作的。A.
clearly清楚地；B. carefully仔细地；C. highly很高地；D. badly糟糕地。副词做状语修饰think。作
为探险队的领队，做每一个决策都要仔细认真，故选B。
12. A 【解析】考查动词的词义辨析。句意：自我评价的原则教会了我如何分辨是非。A. evaluating评价
评估；B. forgiving原谅，宽恕；C. behaving表现；D. enjoying享受。上文提到作者在探险中做大量
的自我反思，以及写日记等。这些工作有利于作者自我评价，故选A。
13. C 【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我经常回想起当我看到那只企鹅的照片的时候，是那张照片激
发了我去看这个招聘广告。A. where地方； B. why原因；C. when时候；D. how怎
样。作者回忆的是当初看到招聘广告的那个时候，when作时间状语从句的连接词，故选C。
14. D 【解析】考查动词的词义辨析。句意：我经常回想起当我看到那只企鹅的照片的时候，是那张照片
激发了我去看这个招聘广告。A. enabled使能够；B. permitted允许；C. allowed允许；D. inspired激
励，激发。广告上的企鹅图片激发了作者对招聘广告的兴趣，故选D。
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15. D 【解析】考查动词的词义辨析。句意：就是那一刻，彻底改变了我的生活。A. improved提高；B.
formed形成；C. ended结束； D. changed改变。根据文章开头，作者去南极探险之
旅，完全是源于偶然看到了那则招聘广告，然后才踏上探险之旅。故就在看到广告那一刻，他的生
活彻底地改变了。故选D。
七、书面表达
假定你是李华，你校英语报举行主题为“Future Sea Exploration”英语征文活动，请你写一篇短文参加
该活动，内容包括：
1.想象未来海洋的用途；
2.倡导保护海洋。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Future Sea Exploration
_______________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________.
【参考答案】
Future Sea Exploration
As the population grows and land resources are running out, man is bound to exploit the sea. Cities under the
sea will be built to provide accommodation for the increasing population. At the same time, more tunnels connecting
the land and the oceans will be constructed. Thus, people can choose where to live freely. Underwater farms will
also be developed to produce enough crops and the food problem will be solved. Also, as energy is running out on
the land, attention will be paid to the oceans to look for new resources. Let’s all make an effort to protect the oceans
and create another clean and safe home for us human beings!
【语篇解读】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要去考生为主题为“Future Sea Exploration”的英语征文活动
写一篇短文参赛。
【解析】1. 词汇积累
提供：provide → offer
连接： connect → link
集中注意力：pay one’s attention to → focus one's attention on
努力做某事：make an effort to do sth. → spare no effort to do sth.
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2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：At the same time, more tunnels connecting the land and the oceans will be constructed.
拓展句：At the same time, more tunnels which connect the land and the oceans will be constructed.
【点睛】【高分句型l】Also, as energy is running out on the land, attention will be paid to the oceans to look for
new resources. （运用了as引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型 2】Cities under the sea will be built to provide accommodation for the increasing
population. （运用了动词不定式做目的状语）
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