专题10 动名词
目录
01 知识脑图·学科框架速建
02 考点精析·知识能力全解
【知能解读01】动名词作主语
【知能解读02】动名词作表语
【知能解读03】动名词作定语
03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破
【重难点突破01】只接动名词作宾语的动词
【重难点突破02】接to do/doing 意义不同的动词
【重难点突破03】含介词to 的动词短语
【重难点突破04】含省略介词的动词短语
04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗
【易混易错01】动名词的被动式、否定式和完成式
【易混易错02】动名词主动形式被动意义
05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解
【用法拓展】动名词复合结构典型用法
01 动名词作主语
1.动名词位于句首直接作主语，泛指一个抽象概念，谓语用单数形式。
Swimming is good for health. 游泳对健康有益。
Watching too much TV harms eyesight. 看太多电视伤害视力。
2.It 作形式主语，动名词作真正主语，用于 It is no use/good doing…等句型。
It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收，为打翻的牛奶哭泣是没用的。
It is no good eating too much junk food. 吃太多垃圾食品没有好处。
3.用于There is no doing…固定句型，语气强硬。
There is no denying that he is an excellent leader. 不可否认，他是一位出色的领导者。
There is no telling what will happen tomorrow. 谁也说不准明天会发生什么。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填1 个适当的单词。
1．__________(spend) time together in the garden can be a great way to exercise and have fun with your pet.
2．Rose’s (come) won’t be of much help.
3． (laugh) at in public is what you will never want to happen to you.
4．It is no use (complain) the bad weather, so we had better figure out a good idea to get there on time.
5．There’s no ________ (deny) that China has made great progress in the past decades.
02 动名词作表语
动名词作表语时主语通常是对主语的解释说明。
The real challenge is finishing
the
project
on
time
. 真正的挑战是按时完成项目。
What I enjoy most is reading
in the
quiet
library
. 我最喜欢的事是在安静的图书馆看书。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．His job is ________ (look) after the old people in the nursing home.
2．His main task is ________(sell) smart blackboards at the moment.
3．The most important thing now is ________ (find) a place to live in.
4．What worries me most is her ________ (stay) too late every night.
5．The manager told me that my daily task was ________ (clean) the floors of the building.
03 动名词作定语
1.动名词作定语时，主要用于修饰名词，说明被修饰词的性质、用途或与被修饰词之间的逻辑关系。
a swimming
pool 游泳池（= a pool for swimming）
a walking
stick 拐杖（= a stick for walking）
2.易错提醒：现在分词作定语，表示一个主动的、正在发生的动作；过去分词作定语，表示一个被动的、
已完成的动作；不定式作定语表示一个将要发生的动作。
I met a girl carrying
a big
bag
. 我遇到了一个背着大袋子的女孩。
The broken
window needs to be repaired. 那扇被打碎的窗户需要修理。
I have a meeting to attend
tomorrow. 我明天有个会议要参加。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Before being allowed to dive in the ocean, the trainees were introduced to the scuba equipment in the
__________ (swim) pool.
2.__________ (clean) women in big cities usually get paid by the hour.
3．Families (celebrate) the Lunar New Year can enjoy exciting dragon dances and carnivals together.
4．There was a problem with the__________ (park) place for bikes in our school. 4.
5．A new study (lead) by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting turning point on the classic condition.
01 只接动名词作宾语的动词
1. 英语中有些动词只能接动名词作宾语。
谐音记忆：mecarfipsd 霉咖啡不是的
mind 介意/miss 错过, enjoy 喜欢/escape 逃避, consider 考虑 avoid 避免/appreciate 感激/advocate 提倡/allow 允
许, risk 冒险, finish 完成/forbid 禁止/fancy 想要, imagine 想象, practise 实践/postpone 推迟, suggest 建议, delay
延迟
The doctor suggested
exercising
regularly. 医生建议定期锻炼。
They are considering
moving
to London. 他们在考虑搬到伦敦
2. 在特定语境中还应考虑用动名词的被动形式being done。
The bird escaped
being
caught
. 那只鸟逃脱了被捕捉的命运。
They complained about being given too much work. 他们抱怨被分配了太多工作。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．If I’m talking to someone senior to me, then I should say, “Would you mind ___________ (open)
the window, please?”
2．At last I ended up _________ (hit) the set with my fist, and it stopped working altogether.
3．They proposed ____________(form)a group to investigate the case.
4 ．If policymakers truly advocate___________ (build) a sustainable future, they should start by
implementing these environmentally friendly transportation solutions immediately.
5．Mr Smith was angry with Jim because he kept ___________ (chat) with his friends in class.
02 接to do/doing 意义不同的动词
英语中有一些动词后接不定式和动名词时，意义差别较大，这类动词是语法中的重点和易错点。
得分速记 妙记
--frogshmt
青蛙是聪明的（首字母谐音记忆）
forget 忘记, remember 记住/regret 后悔, go on 继续, stop 停止, can’t help 禁不住, mean 打算, try 试图。
forget to do 忘记要去做某事（未做）
forget doing 忘记已经做过某事（已做）
She forgot to turn off the lights. 她忘记关灯了。
I'll never forget meeting you for the first time. 我永远不会忘记第一次见你的情景。
remember to do 记得将要做某事（未做）
remember doing 记得已经做过某事（已做）
Remember to lock the door before leaving. 离开前记得锁门。
I remember locking the door today. 我记得今天锁门了。
regret to do 遗憾去做某事（未做）
regret doing 后悔做过某事（已做）
I regret to tell you that you failed the exam. 我很遗憾地告诉你，你考试没及格。
He regrets quitting his job. 他后悔辞掉了工作。
go on to do 继续做另一件事 （对象变了）
go on doing 继续做正在做的事 （对象不变）
After finishing math, he went on to study physics. 做完数学后，他接着学物理。
They went on working despite the rain. 尽管下雨，他们仍继续工作。
stop to do 停下来去做另一件事 （对象变了）
stop doing 停止做某事 （对象不变）
We stopped to have a rest. 我们停下来休息一下。
Please stop talking. 请停止说话。
can’t help to do 不能帮助做某事
can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事
I'm sorry I can't help to clean the room today—I'm too busy.抱歉我今天不能帮忙打扫房间，我太忙了。
She couldn't help crying when she heard the sad news. 听到这个坏消息，她情不自禁地哭了。
mean to do 打算做某事（未做）
mean doing 意味着做某事 （解释作用）
I mean to finish the report today. 我打算今天完成报告。
Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 错过这趟火车意味着要再等一小时。
try to do 努力做某事（不一定成功）
try doing 尝试做某事 （强调尝试和行动）
She tried to solve the problem. 她努力解决这个问题。
Try adding some sugar to make it taste better. 试着加点糖，让它味道更好些。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．The volunteer regretted not (bring) a kettle to Ghana to boil the water she needed.
2．I remember (lock) the door before I left home, but now it’s wide open.
3．It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and
stop _________(eat) before you feel full.
4．To take life easy doesn’t mean (do) nothing at all, but grasping every opportunity to do good deeds.
5．As soon as the kids heard the funny joke, they couldn’t help (shout) with laughter.
03 含介词to 的动词短语
英语中有些动词短语含有介词to，后接名词或动名词作宾语。
look forward to doing
盼望做某事
get down to doing
着手做某事
be used to doing
习惯于做某事
be accustomed to doing 习惯于做某事
stick to doing
坚持做某事
pay attention to doing
注意做某事
devote oneself to doing 致力于做某事
commit oneself to doing
致力于做某事
apply oneself to doing
致力于做某事
object to doing
反对做某事
be opposed to doing
反对做某事
When it comes to doing
谈到做某事
attach importance to doing 重视做某事
She looks forward to meeting her old friends.（她期待见到老朋友。
He objects to being treated like a child.（他反对被当成孩子对待。
He devotes himself to studying traditional art.（他致力于研究传统艺术。
There are no shortcuts when it comes to building trust. 涉及到建立信任，没有捷径可走。
If you apply yourself to mastering this skill, you'll succeed sooner or later.
如果你专心致志掌握这项技能，迟早会成功的。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．In those days, some students were used to (go) to bed late and (get) up late as well.
2．Both sides committed themselves to (settle) the dispute peacefully.
3 ．If you are a student, do devote yourself to (digest) your teachers’ instruction until you fully
understand it.
4．The accident serves as a warning to all wilderness lovers about the potential dangers that can lead to________
(bite) by poisonous insects in the wild.
5．When it comes to (rate) restaurants, food taste and service quality are top considerations.
04 常接省略介词的动词短语
spend money (in) doing 花费时间做某事
waste time (in) doing 浪费时间做某事
be busy/occupied (in) doing 忙于做某事
prevent/stop sb (from) doing 阻止某人做某事
have a hard time (in) doing 做某事有困难
have difficulty/trouble (in) doing 做某事有困难
have fun (in) doing 做某事开心
There is no point/sense (in) doing 做某事没有用
There is no harm (in) doing 不妨做某事
have problems (in) doing 做某事有困难
They spent a lot of money (in) decorating their new house. 他们花了很多钱装修新房子。
Don't waste time (in) arguing with him. 别浪费时间和他争论。
She tried to stop him (from) making a mistake. 她试图阻止他犯错误。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．While you are travelling to a place, attention should be paid to preventing yourself from (fine) for
breaking some special local rules.
2．The rescue team managed to work for two hours without (interrupt).
3．Sometimes it just takes a flash of inspiration to realize that the career you really feel like (dive)
into has always been there.
4．There is no harm in (set) off early in such an extreme weather.
5．He spends every minute he can (practise) his spoken English.
01 动名词的被动式、否定式和完成式（以动词find 为例）
内容
主动语态
被动语态
否定式
一般式
finding
being found
not finding
完成式
having found
having been found
not having found
（一般式）She left without saying goodbye. 她没说再见就离开了。
（完成式）She was praised for having saved the child. 她因救了那个孩子而受到表扬。
（被动式）Being
invited
to the party made her very happy. 被邀请参加派对让她非常开心。
（完成被动式）She is proud of having been selected as the team leader. 她为自己被选为队长而自豪。
（否定式）He regretted not having finished the work on time. 他后悔没有按时完成工作。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．I don’t appreciate (treat) like a second-class citizen.
2．They spent the rest of the morning (wander) in the streets.
3． (admit) to the top university brought him a great sense of achievement.
4．She said sorry to me and admitted (take) my umbrella by mistake.
5． （expose） to the English broadcast can do a lot of good to your English study.
02 动名词主动形式被动意义
1.want/need/require 表示“需要”，后接动名词，动名词主动形式表示被动意义。
want/need/require doing=want/need/require to be done
The room wants cleaning immediately.= The room wants to be cleaned immediately.
这个房间需要马上打扫。
The problem requires solving as soon as possible.= The problem requires to be solved as soon as possible.
这个问题需要尽快解决。
2. deserve 表示“值得做”，后接动名词，动名词主动形式表示被动意义。
deserve doing=deserve to be done
His courage deserves praising.= His courage deserves to be praised.
他的勇气值得被赞扬。
3. be worth doing 表示“值得做”，后接动名词，主动形式表示被动意义。
His suggestion is worth considering. 他的建议值得考虑
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Such an emergency deserves (handle) right away.
2．These announcements, as symbols of love and individuality, remind us that some traditions are worth
(preserve).
3．You are a good human being and you deserve (treat) as such.
4．Having done some worthwhile things during the summer vacation, she is worthy of (praise).
5. After the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need___________/_______________ (repair).
动名词复合结构典型用法
1.标准用法: ①名词所有格+doing (如Jane’s doing); ②形容词物主代词+doing(如her doing); 作主语、
表语或宾语。
The team’s winning
the game surprised everyone. 这个队赢得比赛让所有人都很惊讶。
Her coming
to the party
brightened everyone’s mood. 她的到来让派对上每个人的心情都变好了
The problem is their not taking
the risk seriously
. 问题在于他们没有认真对待这个风险。
I really appreciate your helping me with the project. 我非常感谢你帮我做这个项目。
2.省略用法: ①名词普通格+doing(Jane doing); ②宾格+doing 作表语或宾语(me doing)。
He doesn’t mind me using
his computer.
他不介意我用他的电脑。
They all laughed at Tom falling
off the bike
. 他们都嘲笑汤姆从自行车上摔下来。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Nixon’s (visit) China marked a new ear between U.S. and China diplomatic relations.
2．I don’t approve of your (go) out with him.
3．Her (lose) her new bike really made her mother very upset.
4．The newcomer’s (fail) to work out the technical problem didn’t make her lose heart.
5．The (president) attending the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.
一、单项填空
1.（2025 浙江1 月卷）“I really want to make this work for people’s lives today, and I know that doesn’t always
mean 65 (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says.
2. (2025 八省联考卷) Chinese plays an increasingly important role in 63 (improve) communication and
cooperation between China and the rest of the world.
3. （2023 全国乙卷）As a photographer, I have spent the last two years (record) everything I
discovered.
4. (2022 全国甲卷) I was unwilling to talk with him and often disobeyed his rule of not ___________(stay) out
with my friends too late.
5.（2021 全国甲卷）After ___________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we
decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
6.（2021 全国乙卷）Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:•Minimize the impact of
___________ (visit) the place.
7.（2019 全国I 卷）Scientists have responded by ___________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚
集) around human settlements.
8.（2018 全国I 卷）You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ___________(die) early
by running.
9.（2018 全国III 卷）I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ___________(look) directly into his eyes
so he doesn't feel challenged.
10. (2017 全国II)This included digging up the road, (lay) the track and then building a strong roof
over the top.
动名词综合能力提升
二、动名词助力读后续写升格
1.（2024 新课标I 卷）我坚持要还他钱，我们安排在机场附近的一家咖啡馆见面。(repay)
______________________________________________________________________________________
2.（2024 新课标I 卷）这张照片今天仍然放在我的桌子上，提醒我要相信他人，并给予善意。(trust)
______________________________________________________________________________________
3.（2024 九省联考）希尔达没有生气，反而咯咯笑起来，觉得更加有趣。(get)
______________________________________________________________________________________
4.（2024 九省联考）当她的疑虑消除后，她为误解向希尔达道歉。(misunderstand)
______________________________________________________________________________________
5.（2024 九省联考）当她看着玛雅优雅地在水箱周围游泳时，脸上掠过一种理解的表情。(understand)
______________________________________________________________________________________
6.（2024 九省联考）在清理完盒子里的所有东西后，他们两个都浮出水面。(clean)
______________________________________________________________________________________
7.（2024 浙江1 月卷）她慢跑到目的地的画面不断在脑海中闪现。(jog)
______________________________________________________________________________________
8.（2024 浙江1 月卷）她开始关注教室周围的地标，比如喷泉或墙上的画。(focus)
______________________________________________________________________________________
9.（2024 浙江1 月卷）不知不觉，她找到了去图书馆或自助餐厅的路，没有迷路。(get)
______________________________________________________________________________________
10.（2025 全国一卷）那一刻虽像是一场小小的胜利，却是朝着重建受损之物迈出的一步。
(rebuild)
______________________________________________________________________________________
