专题28 构词法
目录
01 知识脑图·学科框架速建
02 考点精析·知识能力全解
【知能解读01】构词法的分类
【知能解读02】派生法-否定前缀
【知能解读03】派生法-表示时间的前缀
【知能解读04】派生法-表示数字的前缀
【知能解读05】派生法-表示动词的前缀
【知能解读06】派生法-表示属性的前缀
【知能解读07】派生法-表示程度的前缀
【知能解读08】派生法-表示方位的前缀
【知能解读09】派生法-其它前缀
03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破
【重难点突破01】派生法-形容词变名词的后缀
【重难点突破02】派生法-动词变名词的后缀
【重难点突破03】派生法-表示人的名词后缀
【重难点突破04】派生法-名词形容词变动词的后缀
【重难点突破05】派生法-形容词变副词的后缀
【重难点突破06】派生法-表示方位的后缀
04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗
【易混易错01】转化法
【易混易错02】合成法-合成名词
【易混易错03】合成法-合成形容词
【易混易错03】合成法-合成动词
05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解
【用法拓展01】截短法
【用法拓展02】混合法
【用法拓展03】缩略法
01 构词法的分类
02 派生法-否定前缀
派生法指通过在词根上加前缀或者后缀构成一个新词的方法，用派生法构成的词叫做派生词。一般词
根决定词义，前缀改变词义，后缀决定词性。
前缀
特点
例词
im-
用于以“m”“b”开头的词，表示
“不是”或“无”
impossible 不可能的imperfect 不完美的
immoral 不道德的 immature 不成熟的
il-
用于以“l”开头的词，表示“不
是”或“无”
illegal 非法的illogical 不合逻辑的
illegible 难以辨认的illiterate 不识字的
ir-
用于以“r”开头的词，表示“不
是”或“无”
irrational 不理性的irregular 不规则的
irresistible 无法抗拒的irrelevant 不相关的
un-
用于名词、动词、形容词前，表示
“不是”或“相反”
unhappy 不快乐unusual 不寻常的
undress 脱下衣服 unlock 解锁
dis-
用于名词、动词、形容词前，表示
“相反”、“不”或“去除”
disagree 不同意disappear 消失
dishonest 不诚实的disadvantage 不利条件
non-
用于名词、形容词前，表示“没
有”或“不属于某种类别”
nonexistent 不存在的nonprofit 非盈利的
nonmetal 非金属nonsense 胡说，废话
mis-
加在动词、名词之前，表示“错
误”或否定
misunderstand 误解misjudge 误判
misleading 误导misfortune 不幸
anti-
加在名词、形容词之前，表示
“反”，“抗”。
anti-Japanese 抗日的anti-social 反社会的
antibiotic 抗生素antimagnetic 防磁的
counter-
加在名词、动词前，表示“反”
counterpart 对手counterattack 反攻，反击
de-
加在名词，形容词之前，表示“去
掉”“降低”
degrade 使降级decolor 脱色，漂白
decrease 减少devalue 贬值
ab-
加在形容词，动词之前，表示“偏
离，脱离，与其相反”
abnormal 不正常的absent 缺席的
abuse 滥用abstract 提取
【跟踪训练】结合语境给出下列单词正确形式。
1.Cheating someone's feelings is an ___________(moral) act that hurts deeply.
2.Stealing others’ belongings is ___________(legal) and can lead to serious consequences.
3.She used a unique password to ___________(lock) the encrypted file on her laptop.
4.A person who often lies is ___________(honest) and cannot be trusted easily.
5.The ___________(normal) heat this summer may be a sign of climate change.
03 派生法-表示时间的前缀
前缀
特点
例词
ante-
加在名词、形容词前，before 之前
ante-room 前厅antecedent 先行的，先时的
ex-
加在名词前，前任的
ex-presiden 前任总统ex-wife 前妻
fore-
加在名词、动词前，before 前．预
先
forecast 预测，预报，forehead 前额
pre-
加在名词前，before 之前
prehistory 史前preface 前言
pro-
加在名词、动词前，预先的
programme 计划prologue 序幕
proto-
原始，初
protoplasm 原生质rotoplast 原物，原型
post-
after 之后
postwar 战后postgraduate 研究生
【跟踪训练】结合语境给出下列单词正确形式。
1. one can accurately ___________(tell) how technology will transform society in 20 years.
2.The ___________(war) era saw significant economic recovery and social reforms in Japan and Germany.
3.The tech firm will ___________(view) its latest smartphone model at next week’s conference.
4.The team ___________(programme) a marketing campaign for next month's product launch.
5.The documentary explores ___________(president) Clinton’s policy legacy during his time in office.
04 派生法-表示数字的前缀
前缀
特点
例词
hemi-，semi-
半
semiautomatic 半自动的semimechanized 半机械化的
uni-
单一
unipolar 单极的unicellular 单细胞的
ambi-，amphi-
两
ambiguous 有两个意义的，暧昧的amphibian 两栖的
bi-，di-
二，双
biweekly 双周(刊)dioxide 二氧化物
tri-
三
triangle 三角形tricycle 三轮车
centi-
百，百分之一
centimetre 厘米(百分之一米)centipede 蜈蚣(百脚虫)
kilo-
千
kilometer 千米kilogram 公斤，千克
milli-
千
millennial 千年的milligram 毫克
multi-
许多
multi-coloured 颜色多样的Multi-national 多民族的
【跟踪训练】结合语境给出划线单词汉语。
1.The museum’s exhibit uses multimedia to engage visitors with historical stories.
2.Climate patterns vary significantly between the two hemispheres of the planet.
3.His ambiguous reply made it hard to determine whether he agreed or not.
4.The roof’s triangular design provides both strength and aesthetic appeal.
5.I bought two kilograms of fresh strawberries at the farmers’ market this morning.
05 派生法-表示动词的前缀
前缀
特点
例词
be-
使……加强
belittle 使缩小，贬低befriend 友好相待，帮助
en-
使人
enlarge 扩大enable 使……能
ew-
使人
embrace 拥抱embody 收录，体现
multi-
许多
multi-coloured 颜色多样的multi-national 多民族的
06 派生法-表示属性的前缀
前缀
特点
例词
mini-
small 小
miniskirt 超短裙minibus 小公共汽车
micro-
small 微
microwave 微波microscope 显微镜
tele-
far 远的，终端
teleprinter 电传打字机telescope 望远镜
auto-
self 自动
automate 使自动化automobile 汽车；
07 派生法-表示程度的前缀
前缀
特点
例词
sur-
超；超过
surface 表面；surpass 超越；
out-
超过，外，出，
outlive 比……长寿outdo 胜过
super-
在上，超；超过
superheat 过热supermarket 超级市场
08 派生法-表示方位的前缀
前缀
特点
例词
over-, up-
在…之上；向上
overhead 头顶的upright 垂直的
sub-
下，其次, 低于，不足
subway 地道submarine 水下的
under-
在..之下；低于，次于
underline 在……下划线underground 地下的
inter-
在……间；互相
interpersonal 人与人之间的 international 国际的
intro-
到……之中
introduce 介绍introspect 反省
mid-
rniddle 中，中间
midair 半空中midstream 中流
ex-,extra-
在……外，向外
external 外部的extraordinary 非常的
trans-
转换，横过，越过
transmit 传送transplant 移植
09 派生法-其它前缀
前缀
特点
例词
hydr-
water 水
hydrogen 氢hydroelectric 水电的
dia-
通过，借以，分离
diagraph 绘图仪diagnosis 诊断
re-
back，again 回，再
refuel 重新加油relive 再生，复活
co-
与……一起
cooperate 合作co-auther 合著者
col-；com-
共同
collect 收集commemorate 纪念
con-；cor-
conference 会议corruption 腐败
hydr-
water 水
hydrogen 氢；hydroelectric 水电的
dia-
通过，借以，分离
diagraph 绘图仪；diagnosis 诊断
【跟踪训练】请结合语境给出下列高考真题划线合成形容词的汉语。
1. The team’s poor performance left fans feeling _______. (courage→加前缀反义)
2. Online rumors may _______ people into making wrong decisions. (lead→加前缀反义)
3. It’s _______ to park here without a permit. (legal→加前缀反义)
4. The _______ of fresh water has become a global issue. (available→加前缀反义，填名词)
5. She remained _______ about her future plans. (certain→加前缀反义)
6. His _______ behavior made everyone in the room uncomfortable. (polite→加前缀反义)
7. The data collected from the experiment was _______, so we had to redo it. (accurate→加前缀反义)
8. _______ workers often face difficulties in finding stable jobs. (employ→加前缀反义，填名词)
9. The _______ of the meeting made it hard to reach a conclusion. (order→加前缀反义)
10. Parents should not _______ their children from trying new things. (courage→加前缀反义，表“劝阻”)
11. _______ resources like coal and oil will run out one day. (renewable→加前缀反义)
12. The sudden storm caused an _______ delay in the flight. (expected→加前缀反义)
13. Cultural _______ can happen when people from different backgrounds communicate. (understand→加前缀反
义)
14. It’s _______ to judge a book by its cover. (fair→加前缀反义)
15. The old building has been _______ for years, with no one living in it. (active→加前缀反义)
01 派生法-形容词变名词的后缀
后缀
例词
－age
short → shortage 不足；短缺
－cy
efficient → efficiency 效率accurate → accuracy 准确性
－dom
free → freedom 自由；自主wise → wisdom 明智；智慧
－ence
confident →confidence 信心dependent →dependence 依赖
－ness
weak → weakness 虚弱；弱点aware→awareness 意识
－th
young → youthth 年轻true → truth 真理
－ty
secure→security 安全loyal→loyalty 忠诚
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．The teacher praised him for his (anxious) for knowledge.
2．There are many ways to increase agricultural (efficient) in the poorer areas of the world.
3．The hotel offers a shuttle service for the (convenient) of its guests.
4．The sudden (explosive) of laughter in the room made everyone turn around.
5．It was his (ignorant) that led to the terrible accident that day.
02 派生法-动词变名词的后缀
后缀
例词
－al
propose→proposal 提议；求婚withdraw→withdrawal 撤回；提款
－ance
disturb→disturbance 打扰guide→guidance 指导
－ence
exist → existence 存在；生存refer → reference 参考；查阅
－ion
illustrate→illustration 阐明evaluate → evaluation 评估
－ation
consider → consideration 考虑imagine → imagination 想象力
－sion
impress→impression 印象admit → admission 接纳；准许入学
－ing
warn→warning 警告听觉begin → beginning 开始
－ment
argue → argument 辩论commit→commitment 承诺，奉献
－ure
depart→departure 离开；出发expose→exposure 暴露
－y
recover → recovery 恢复；痊愈discover → discovery 发现
其它
vary → variety 多样化；种类tend → tendency 趋向；趋势
pursue→pursuit 追求，从事relieve→relief 欣慰
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．Winston made no (refer) to what had happened.
2．Many people believe in the (exist) of unknown creatures.
3．Jack came to China with the (intend) of realizing his dream.
4．We signed on his T-shirt expressing our best wishes and encouragement as a (remind).
5．When the old man was making the kite, the children were watching with (curious).
03 派生法-表示人的名词后缀
后缀
例词
－er
village → villager 村民 strange → stranger 陌生人
－ar
lie → liar 说谎者beg→beggar 乞丐
－ee
employ → employee 受雇者；雇员interview → interviewee 被面试者
－or
invent → inventor 发明家educate → educator 教育家；教师
－ess
steward → stewardess 女乘务员host → hostess 女主人；女主持人
－ese
China → Chinese 中国人Japan → Japanese 日本人
－an
America → American 美国人Australia → Australian 澳洲人
－ian
history → historian 历史学家politics → politician 政治家；政客
－ist
journal→ journalist 记者tour → tourist 旅行者；观光者
－ant
participate → participant 参加者assist → assistant 助手；图书管理员
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．More than 100 people have applied for the job up to now. The (apply) must hand in their application
by Friday.
2．Each (competition) in the race is trying their best to win the gold medal.
3．The (perform) promised that he would perform his promise.
4．The sales (represent) demonstrated the new product to potential clients.
5．The shop (assist) received me indifferently while leaning on a counter.
04 派生法-名词形容词变动词的后缀
后缀
例词
－en（adj+en）
broad → broaden 使变宽hard → harden 使变硬
－en（n+en）
strength→strengthen 加强length→lengthen 加长
－ify
class → classify 把……分类beauty → beautify 美化
－ize
apology → apologize 道歉emphasis → emphasize 强调
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．This incident has (sharp) public awareness of the economic crisis.
2．Don’t put your prices too high or you’ll (fright) the customers away.
3．When arriving in a foreign country, you’d better (familiar) yourself with the local situation at first.
4．Doing so will (title) the ticket holder to unlimited free parking.
5．We’d better (large) the reading room by knocking through between the two small rooms.
6．I thought what you said (worse) the relationship between you two.
7．The best way to live is to help and (rich) the lives of others.
8．Gossip also can have a third effect：it (strength)unwritten，unspoken rules about how people
should act.
9．The incident was likely to (threat) to ruin his chance in the election.
10．The working class is still too small to (able)a successful socialist revolution(革命).
05 派生法-形容词变副词的后缀
后缀
例词
一般形容词直接加-ly
strong→strongly 强烈地exact→exactly 精确地
以-y 结尾的形容词变y 为i 加-ly
angry→angrily 生气地
busy→busily 忙碌地
以-ic 结尾的词形容词加-ally
basic→basically 基本上scientific→scientifically 科学上
以-ll 结尾形容词只须加- y
full→fully 充分地dull→dully 枯燥地
以-ing 结尾形容词直接加-ly
amazing→ amazingly 令人惊叹地interesting→ interestingly 有趣地
以-ed 结尾形容词直接加-ly
excited→ excitedly 兴奋地repeated→repeatedly 反复地
以-le 结尾的形容词去e 加-ly
simple→simply 仅仅；简直possible→possibly 可能地
以-e 结尾的形容词直接加-ly
definite→definitely 明确地
extreme→extremely 极其
特殊易错
shy→shyly 害羞地public-publicly
whole-wholly 全部地true-truly 真实地
【跟踪训练】在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．They cleaned the house (thorough) before the Spring Festival.
2． (subsequent), new guidelines were issued to all employees.
3．She worked (energetic) on the project, finishing it three days ahead of schedule.
4．However, we all witness that preschool children are (remarkable) bad at hiding.
5．You must farm (scientific) if you want to have a good harvest.
06 派生法-表示方位的后缀
后缀
意义
例词
-ern
表示方向
eastern 东方的southern 南方的
-ward；-wards
表方向
upward(s)向上backwards 往后退地
-wise
表方向，位置
clock-wise 顺时针crosswise 成十字形
01 转化法
后缀
例词
动词转化为名词
Let me have a try. 让我试试。
Let's go out for a drive next Sunday.下周日我们驾车出游吧。
名词转化为动词
Hand me the knife, please.把刀子递给我，谢谢。
He chaired the meeting.他主持了这场会议。
形容词转化为动词
Don't dirty my shoes.不要弄脏我的鞋。
They tried to perfect the working conditions.他们努力改善工作条件。
形容词转化为名词
The old in our village are living a happy life.我们村的老年人过着幸福的
生活。
He didn’t know the difference between right and wrong.他不辨是非。
个别词转化为名词
Life is full of ups and downs.人生有得意时也有失意时。
Warm clothes are a must in the mountains.穿暖和的衣服到山区去是必须的。
【跟踪训练】根据语境猜测划线词的词性和词义。
1.The survey results mirror the public’s growing concern about environmental issues.
2.Don’t forget to water the flowers—they’re drying out..
3.When it comes to pests, red fire ants would probably top everyone’s list.
4.First, you should take an active part in the discussions and freely voice your opinion.
5. The company’s inbox was flooded with customer complaints after the product recall.
6. I’ll email you the report by the end of the day.
7. She googled the restaurant and found great reviews.
8.He pocketed the extra change without telling us.
9.You can’t park here—this is a no-parking zone.
10.The team was cornered in the final minutes but still scored.
02 合成法-合成名词
构成方式
例词
名词＋名词
bookstore 书店notebook 笔记本
名词＋动词
sunbathe 日光浴sleepwalk 梦游
名词＋动名词
handwriting 书法birdwatching 观鸟
名词＋动词＋er/or
pain-killer 止痛药songwriter 词曲作者
名词＋介词＋名词
sister-in-law 嫂子editor-in-chief 总编辑
代词＋名词
she-wolf 母狼，he-goat 公羊
动词＋名词
pickpocket 扒手washroom 洗手间
动名词＋名词
reading-room 阅览室sitting-room 起居室
形容词＋名词
freshman 大一新生greenhouse 温室
副词＋动词
outlook 景色，风光input 输入
介词＋名词
afterbrain 后脑underground 地铁
03 合成法-合成形容词
构成方式
例词
名词＋形容词
duty-free 免税的world-famous 举世闻名的
名词＋现在分词
French-speaking 讲法语的time-consuming 耗时的
名词＋to＋名词
one-to-one 一对一的way-to-success 成功之路
名词＋过去分词
man-made 人造的state-owned 国有的
数词＋名词
one-way 单行道的two-hour 两小时的
数词＋名词＋形容词
three-year-old 三岁的two-inch-thick 两英寸厚的
数词＋名词＋ed
ten-storeyed 十层的three-legged 三条腿的
动词＋副词
breakdown 故障checkout 结账
形容词＋名词
high-quality 高质量的greenhouse 温室
形容词＋名词＋ed
noble-minded 高尚的short-sighted 近视的
形容词＋形容词
light-green 浅绿色的dark-blue 深蓝色的
形容词＋现在分词
ordinary-looking 相貌一般的easy-going 随和的
副词＋形容词
ever-green 常青的under-developed 欠发达的
副词＋现在分词
hard-working 辛勤的far-reaching 影响深远的
副词＋过去分词
well-known 著名的newly-built 新建的
副词＋名词
fast-food 提供快餐的onlooker 旁观者
介词＋名词
in-depth 深入的off-line 离线的；线下的
【跟踪训练】请结合语境给出合成词的汉语。
1.(2025 全国一卷)…it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our
energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.
2.(2025 全国一卷) In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, strict father
who demanded his son earn straight A’s…
3.(2025 全国一卷)As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of
their choice.
4.(2025 全国一卷)For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing
workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis.
5.(2025 全国一卷)Go is one of the earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games.
6.(2025 全国一卷) “The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,”
says Tu.
7.(2025 全国一卷) “In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal.” explains Wang Wei, a Go player
among the visitors to the exhibition.
8.(2025 全国一卷)Fishermen go out to sea daily and sell their fish in harbor-side markets.
9.(2025 全国二卷) “People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating, ” she says.
11.(2025 全国二卷)Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to exercise seven years ago after
having a wake-up call.
04 合成法-合成动词
构成方式
例词
名词＋动词
sleep-walk 梦游typewrite 打字
形容词＋动词
white-wash 粉刷safeguard 保护
副词＋动词
overwhelm 压倒，制服overthrow 推翻
【跟踪训练】请结合语境给出合成词的汉语。
1.(2024 全国I 卷)In the club, there are many like-minded people.
2.(2024 全国I 卷)You need to reschedule your meeting because of the conflict.
3.(2024 全国I 卷)The fans of the home team outnumber those of the visiting team.
4.(2023 新高考II 卷) These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex
works in the future.
5.(2023 全国乙卷) The Chinese coach transformed Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the world,
helping her skyrocket
from an average member of the national team to the top of the sport.”
6.(2022 新高考I 卷)These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people
today.
7.(2022 全国甲卷) Goffin’s cockatoos…have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a
human two-year-old.
8.(2022 全国甲卷) These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip
Ginni would never forget.
9.(2021 全国甲) It’s the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill
blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria
10.(2020 全国III 卷) Four years ago they all moved into a three - storey Victorian house in Bristol - one
of a growing number of multigenerational
families in the UK living together under the same roof.
01 截短法
截短法（Clipping）是构词法中通过截取原词的一部分（前缀、后缀或中间部分）形成新词的方法，新词
通常保留原词的核心含义，且更简洁、口语化。
构成方式
例词
截去词尾
advertisement—ad 广告 examination—exam 测试 laboratory---lab 实验室
gymnasium—gym 健身房application—app 应用程序
截去词头
telephone—phone 电话earthquake—quake 地震 minibus---bus 公共汽车
aeroplane---plane 飞机
截去词头和词尾
influenza—flu 流感refrigerator—fridge 冰箱 mathematics—maths 数学
02 混合法
构成方式
例词
词首+词尾
brunch=breakfast + lunch 早午餐
smog=smoke + fog 烟雾
motel=motor + hotel 汽车旅馆
词首+词首
sci-fi =science + fiction 科幻小说/电影
modem =modulator +demodulator 调制解调器
lidar =light +dar 激光雷达
词首+整词
medicare =medical +care 医疗保险
Eurasia =`Europe + Asia 欧亚大陆
blog =blend + log 博客
整词 + 词尾
newscast = news + broadcast 新闻广播
netizen = net + citizen 网民
workaholic = work + alcoholic 工作狂
03 缩略法
构成方式
例词
字母大写，读单个字母
UN=United Nations 联合国
DIY =Do It Yourself 己动手做
VIP =Very Important Person 贵宾
CEO=Chief Executive Officer 首席执行官
GPS=Global Positioning System 全球定位系统
WTO= World Tread Organization 世界贸易组织
BBC=British Broadcasting Corporation 英国广播公司
字母大小写，读作一个
词
NATO= North Atlantic Treaty Organization 北大西洋公约组织
TOEFL=Test of English as a Foreign Language 托福
laser= lightwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation 激光
UNESCO =the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organizatio
联合国教科文组织
【跟踪训练】结合语境给出划线单词的汉语。
1. The hotel’s brunch buffet offers a wide range of dishes, from eggs Benedict to pastries.
2. The delivery company uses GPS to monitor the real-time movement of its trucks across the country.
3. Getting a flu vaccine every year can effectively reduce the risk of infection.
4. As a VIP member, you’ll receive exclusive discounts and early access to new products.
5. I prefer giving DIY presents, like hand-painted mugs or homemade candles.
一、单句填空 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. (2025 全国一卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ___________
(strategy) placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings,
sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
2. (2025 全国二卷）Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family,
where bamboo and tea bushes ( 灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and
___________ (center) heating doesn’t exist.
3. (2025 北京卷）Most days after school, I love walking in the forest with my dog Nick. It’s 11 (peace),
especially around sunset.
4. (2024 新课标I 卷）The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective 57
(function) structure that is also beautiful.
5. （2023 新课标I 卷）Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling
wrappers, encasing hot, 36 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street
food.
6.（2023 全国乙卷）The 69 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect
the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could
be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
7.（2023 浙江1 月卷）The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by (space) homes and walled
gardens.
8.（2022 全国甲卷）Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ____________ (meaning). The two of
them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.
9.（2021 新课标II 卷）I told him how ____________ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him
to consider using more eco-friendly options.
10.（2021 全国乙卷）·Provide ____________ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
二、单句填空 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.（2025 全国一卷）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic
placement of the pieces, and the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings,
sculptures, 65 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
构词法综合能力提升
2.（2024 九省联考卷）Today, a writer (simple) throws an empty pen away and gets a new one.
3.（2023 浙江1 月卷）The term “hutong”, (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared
first during the Yuan Dynasty.
4.（2022 新课标I 卷）The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and
homes of giant pandas, and ____________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
5.（2022 新课标II 卷）When he looked down, he ____________ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge.
6.（2021 新课标I 卷）The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will
____________ (undoubted) help you get refreshed!
7.（2020 全国III 卷）As the small boat moved ____________ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by
the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
8.（2023 新课标II 卷）So, what are they learning? 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life.
9.（2021 天津卷）As working from home becomes ____________(increasing) common, people are finding it
easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career.
10.（2020 全国I 卷）Landing on the moon’s far side is ____________ (extreme) challenging.
三、单句填空 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.（2025 全国一卷）“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into
your trap and force them to follow your 59 (guide) till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player
among the visitors to the exhibition.
2.（2025 浙江 1 月卷）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent rather than purchase them outright,
providing a less expensive 61 (solve) to one-time event dressing.
3.（2025 八省联考卷）As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese
culture, the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard-working people, its
development through 65 (innovate), and its inclusiveness.
4.（2024 全国甲卷）They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the 68 ( complete ) of their
journey.
5.（2024 浙江1 月卷）Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the
__________ (criticize) that they lead to waste.
6. (2023 新课标II 卷）Since June 2017, right before the __________ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng
Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident
speaking English.
7.（2023 全国甲卷）The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However,
Cason’s theme is a more weighty __________ (warn) about environmental destruction.
8.（2021 新课标II 卷）A company ________ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over
from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.
9. （2024 新课标II 卷）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international 6
2
(visible), said
Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection
between the two great writers.
10.（2022 全国乙卷）“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the largest tea-
producing country, China has a __________ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy
development of the tea industry.
三、构词法与语法填空
（25-26 高三上·湖北襄阳·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形
式。
Jay Chou 1 (release) the music video for the title track on his upcoming album, Greatest Works of
Art, on July 6th, 2 (collect) more than 6 million views on QQ Music within two hours.
In the video, Chou enters the La Samaritaine, a shopping mall that boasts 3 history of over 150 years
and a landmark of Paris, and plays a melody on the piano that brings him back to the 1920s. The plot echoes the
fictional story 4 (tell) in Chou’s directorial film, Secret, 5 the chief characters travel back and forth
in time by playing a magic score on a piano.
Through his journey in the video, he interacts with 6 (impress) artists, including Rene Magritte,
Salvador Dali, Chinese painter Chang Yu, and Chinese poet Xu Zhimo, exploring the Mecca for artists at a time in
the past when timeless works of modern art and literature 7 (create).
Lang Lang, a famous 8 (piano) also performs in the video. He said it was a creative one which
featured elements of both pop 9 classical music. Lang said, “Chou got this idea five years ago. 10
(extreme) passionate about art, he hopes more people can become interested in art and feel art is everywhere.”
