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专题十 推测词义
方法技巧 学生用书P61 方法经典 技巧实用
一、推测画线单词或短语的含义 5.依据构词法推测词义
1.依据定义推测词义 考生要了解构词法知识 尤其要注意合成词和派生词 可
, ,
在许多情况下 文章的作者估计某个词一般读者不熟悉 以从该词的各个部分的特定意思及上下文推测出该词的意思
, , 。
则会在文章中给出该词的定义或解释 通过阅读定义和解释 例6 Do you have any strong opinion on co⁃educational or
。
部分 读者便可理解该词的基本含义 线索词有that which single⁃sex schools
, 。 、 、 ?
is等 解析 根据educational 教育的 结合前缀co⁃ 共同 一
。 ( ), ( ,
例1 Ventilation as you know is a system or means of 起 和single⁃sex schools 可推测co⁃educational的意思是 男女
, , ) , “
providing fresh air. It plays a very important part in the field of 同校的
”。
engineering. 例7 It􀆳s a quiet comfortable hotel overlooking the bay in an
,
解析 句中的 Ventilation 可能是个生词 但 is 后面是对 uncommercialized Cornish fishing village.
“ ” ,
该词的明确定义 什么系统或什么手段才能提供新鲜空气呢 解析 前缀un⁃的意思为 不 后缀⁃ize 的意思是 使成为
。 ? “ ”, “
由此推断画线词意为 通风系统 使 化 结 合 commercial 商 业 的 可 推 测
“ ”。 ……; …… ”, ( ),
2.依据同位语推测词义
uncommercialized 的意思为 未被商业化的
“ ” “ ”。
通常引出该词同位语的词语有that is in other words等 6.通过并列结构推测词义
、 ,
还有的同位语凭借括号或破折号出现 例8 Is it possible to beat high blood pressure without drugs
。 ?
例2 In fact only about ocelots an endangered wild cat The answer is yes according to the researchers at Johns
, 80 , , “ ”,
exist in the U.S. today. Hopkins and three other medical centers.
解析 由同位语an endangered wild cat可迅速推断画线词 解析 根据and three other medical centers 这种并列关系可
ocelots是指一种濒临灭绝的野猫 推断 Johns Hopkins 是一家医疗中心
。 “ ” 。
3.依据文章中的例子推测词义 7.依据因果关系推测词义
在阅读理解中 考生可以根据文章所举的例子 从具体到 因果关系是一种常见的提供生词词义信息的逻辑关系
, , 。
一般 推断出该生词的意思 一定的原因会导致一定的结果 某一结果总是由某种或某些原
, 。 ,
例3 The course gives you chances to know great power polities 因引起的 常见的表示因果关系的词汇有 since as because
。 、 、 、
between nation states. It will provide more space to study for so thus consequently therefore hence due to result in
、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、
particular issues such as the relationship among countries in the result from as a result for this reason accordingly so...that such...
、 、 、 、 、
European Union Third World debt local and international that等
, , 。
disagreement and the work of such international bodies as the 例9 I feel that since you are my superior it would be
, ,
United Nations the European Union NATO and the World presumptuous of me to tell you what to do.
, , ,
Bank. The word presumptuous in the sentence is closest in
“ ”
解析 根据such as 后面列举的一系列例子可推断句中的 meaning to .
“ ”
issues 应该是指 议题 A.full of respect
“ ”。
4.依据对比关系或比较关系推测词义
B.too confident and rude
能体现对比关系或比较关系的词汇很多 主要有but yet C.lacking in experience
, , ,
however while unlike instead similarly on the contrary in D.too shy and quiet
, , , , , ,
contrast to等 标点符号中的分号也可表示对比 解析 根据句意和since引导的原因状语从句的内容 既然
。 。 (
例4 A child􀆳s birthday party doesn􀆳t have to be a hassle it can 你是我的上司 可推断出 presumptuous 意为 自负的 放肆
; ), “ ” “ ,
be a basket of fun. 的 故选B
”。 。
What do the underlined words a hassle probably mean 8.利用上下文来推测词义
“ ” ?
年 A.A party designed by specialists. 例10 (2019课标全国 ,B篇节选)
高 Ⅱ
考 B.A plan requiring careful thought. I guess that there􀆳s probably some demanding work
C.A situation causing difficulty or trouble. schedule or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an
年 D.A demand made by guests. unknown , sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try
模
拟 解析 根据分号可知句子前后含有对比关系 , 这里a hassle again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with
和 a basket of fun 是相反的意思 由此推断答案为C four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a
, 。
例5 Green loves to talk and his brothers are similarly team that his kids aren􀆳t even on...At this point the unwilling
,
loquacious. parent speaks up Alright. Yes I􀆳ll do it. paragraph
︵ , “ , ”( 2)
教 解析 该句中的副词 similarly 表明 loves to talk 和 What does the underlined phrase tug at the heartstrings in
“ ”
师 loquacious 之间是比较关系 其意义相近 由此可推断出 paragraph mean
用 , 。 2 ?
书 loquacious意为 “ 健谈的 ”。 A.Encourage teamwork. B.Appeal to feelings.
︶ C.Promote good deeds. D.Provide advice.
9 8
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋解析 根据逻辑信号词 So 和关键词 persuading 可初步 根据文中 I once wrote apaperontheinfluenceoffairytaleson
“ ” “ ” “
推断画线短语的意思与 说服 或 劝说 相关 再根据下文作 Roald Dahl􀆳s writing and it gave me... 可推断出此处 I 指的
“ ” “ ” ; ” “ ”
者为打感情牌所列举的例子以及关键信息 Alright. Yes I􀆳ll 是Jo Usmar
“ , 。
do it. 可推断出 我 成功地触动了对方的心弦 故选B 三、推测画线句子的含义
” “ ” 。 。
二、推测代词指代含义
例 I􀆳ll never forget that very important meeting with a
“ ”
guidance counselor 指导顾问 during my senior year of high
( )
school. Igladlyanddutifullysharedmydreams andwaslooking
,
forward to hearing his life⁃changing advice on how best to
例 (2019课标全国 ,A篇节选)
Ⅱ
achieve my academic and professional goals for the future. He
My Favourite Books
told me that I was not college material and that possibly a nice
Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co⁃author of the “
secretarial school would be more my league. His advice did
This Book Will series 系列 of lifestyle books. Here she picks ”
( ) change my life though not in the way he expected because I
her top reads. , —
didn􀆳t follow it. I didn􀆳t even consider it. By trying to put
Matilda
limitation on my future he made me even more determined to
Roald Dahl ,
pursue 追求 a college degree and a career of my choice.
IoncewroteapaperontheinfluenceoffairytalesonRoald ( )
What does the underlined sentence indicate
Dahl􀆳s writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange ?
A.The author could work in a secretarial school.
and delightfulworlds. Matilda􀆳sbattleswithhercruelparentsand
B.The author might be more suitable to be a secretary.
the bossy headmistress Miss Trunchbull are equally funny and
, , C.The author was good at communicating with others.
frightening but they􀆳re also aspirational.
, D.The author was encouraged to receive higher education.
Who does I refer to in the text
“ ” ? 解析 画线部分为 主系表 结构 指导顾问告诉作者她不
A.Stephen King. B.Gillian Flynn. “ ” 。
是上大学的料 可能一所好的秘书学校更适合她 由此可推断
C.Jo Usmar. D.Roald Dahl. , 。
指导顾问觉得作者可能更适合做秘书 故选B
解析 根据第一段可知 本文主要是Jo Usmar的书评 再 。 。
, 。
专
题
十
推
测
词
义
9 9
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋
五年 考点式编排 五年 考点式编排 三年 考点基础练
高考 题组式训练 高考 题组式训练 模拟 综合提升练
2018—2022
A组 新高考卷题组
Passage1 (2022新高考Ⅰ,C) 300 学生用书P218 It􀆳s good to have a different focus. People have been
“
bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and
The elderly residents in care homes in London are being
sit outside to watch them. I􀆳m enjoying the creative activities
given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely. ,
and it feels great to have done something useful.
The project was dreamed up by a local charity to reduce ”
There are now elderly people looking after hens in
lonelinessandimproveelderlypeople􀆳swellbeing. Itisalsobeing 700 20
care homes in the North East and the charity has been given
used to help patients suffering dementia a serious illness of the ,
, financial support to roll it out countrywide.
mind. Staff in care homeshave reported a reduction in the use of
Wendy Wilson extra care manager at Penfold Street
medicine where hens are in use. , 60 ,
one of the first to embark on the project said Residents really
Among those taking part in the project is ⁃year⁃old Ruth , :“
80 welcome the idea of theprojectandthecreativesessions. Weare
Xavier. She said I used to keep hens when I was younger and
:“ looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to
had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to
people here.
school. ”
LynnLewis director of Notting Hill Pathways said We are
I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair , , :“
“ happy tobetakingpartintheproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectour
in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night
residentsthroughasharedinterest andcreativeactivities.
to see they􀆳ve gone to bed. ”
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋1.What is the purpose of the project 1.What do the underlined words hit home for me mean in
? “ ”
A.To ensure harmony in care homes. paragraph2
?
B.To provide part⁃time jobs for the aged. A.Provided shelter for me.
C.To raise money for medical research. B.Became very clear to me.
D.To promote the elderly people􀆳s welfare. C.Took the pressure off me.
2.How has the project affected Ruth Xavier D.Worked quite well on me.
?
A.She has learned new life skills. 2.Why did the kid poke the storybook
?
B.She has gained a sense of achievement. A.He took it for a tablet computer.
C.She has recovered her memory. B.He disliked the colorful pictures.
D.She has developed a strong personality. C.He was angry with his grandpa.
3.What do the underlined words embark on mean in D.He wanted to read it by himself.
“ ”
paragraph7 3.What does the author think of himself
? ?
A.Improve. B.Oppose. A.Socially ambitious.
C.Begin. D.Evaluate. B.Physically attractive.
4.What can we learn about the project from the last two C.Financially independent.
paragraphs D.Digitally competent.
?
A.It is well received. 4.What can we learn about the author as a journalist
?
B.It needs to be more creative. A.He lacks experience in his job.
C.It is highly profitable. B.He seldom appears on television.
D.It takes ages to see the results. C.He manages a video department.
答案 D.He often interviews internet stars.
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.A 答案
1.B 2.A 3.D 4.B
Passage2 (2022新高考Ⅱ,B) 334 学生用书P219
Passage3 (2021新高考Ⅰ,C) 305 学生用书P220
We journalists live in a new age of storytelling with many
,
new multimedia tools. Many young people don􀆳t even realize it􀆳s When the explorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorth
new. For them it􀆳s just normal. America the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing
, ,
This hit home for me as I was sitting with my ⁃year⁃old variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these
2
grandsononasofaovertheSpringFestivalholiday.Ihadbrought precious natural resources wisely. Unfortunately it took the
,
a children􀆳s book to read. It had simple words and colorful explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to
pictures a perfect match for his age. decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl
—
Picture this my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the 水禽 were killed at the hands of market huntersand a handful
: ( )
book in frontsohecanseethepictures.AsIread hereachesout ofoverlyambitioussportsmen. Millionsofacresofwetlandswere
,
and pokes 戳 the page with his finger. dried to feed and house the ever⁃increasing populations greatly
( ) ,
What􀆳s up with that He just likes the pictures I thought. reducing waterfowl habitat 栖息地 .
? , ( )
Then I turned the page and continued. He poked the page even In with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting
1934,
harder. I nearly dropped the book. I was confused Is there Stamp Act Act an increasingly concerned nation took firm
: ( ),
something wrong with this kid action to stop the destruction of migratory 迁徙的 waterfowl
? ( )
Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a and the wetlands so vital to their survival. Under this Act all
,
stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a waterfowl hunters years of age and over must annually
16
tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp. The very first Federal
come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. Ding Darling a political
“ ” ,
like that. cartoonist from Des Moines Iowa who at that time was
, ,
Sorry kid. This book is not part of your high⁃tech world. appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the
,
年
It􀆳s an outdated lifeless thing. An antique. Like your Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp
高 ,
考 grandfather. Well I may be old but I􀆳m not hopelessly price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
, ,
challenged digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I About centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyinto
年 , 98
use mobile payment. I􀆳ve even built websites. the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and
模
拟 There􀆳s one notable gap in my new⁃media experience wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge
,
however I􀆳ve spent little time in front of a camera since I have System a fact that ensures this land will be protected and
: , —
a face made for radio. But that didn􀆳t stop China Daily from available forallgenerationstocome. Since betterthanhalf
1934,
asking me last week to share a personal story for a video project a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than
︵ 5
教 about the integration of Beijing Tianjin and Hebei province. million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp
,
师
Anyway grandpa is now an internet star two minutes of Program has been called one of the most successful conservation
用 , —
书 fame Ipromisenottoletitgotomyhead. ButIwillmakesure programs ever initiated.
!
︶ my ⁃year⁃old grandson sees it on his tablet.
2
1 00
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋1.What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North B.To observe their differences.
America C.To teach them life skills.
?
A.Loss of wetlands. D.To let them play with his kids.
B.Popularity of water sports. 2.What dotheunderlinedwords getuptomischief meanin
“ ”
C.Pollution of rivers. paragraph3
?
D.Arrival of other wild animals. A.Behave badly.
2.What does the underlined word decimate mean in the B.Lose their way.
“ ”
first paragraph C.Sleep soundly.
?
A.Acquire. B.Export. D.Miss their mom.
C.Destroy. D.Distribute. 3.What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home
?
3.What is a direct result of the Act passed in A.Boring. B.Tiring.
1934?
A.The stamp price has gone down. C.Costly. D.Risky.
B.The migratory birds have flown away. 4.Why did the author decide to send Spot and Stripe back to
C.The hunters have stopped hunting. the zoo
?
D.The government has collected money. A.They frightened the children.
4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text B.They became difficult to contain.
?
A.The Federal Duck Stamp Story C.They annoyed the neighbours.
B.The National Wildlife Refuge System D.They started fighting each other.
C.The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl 答案
D.The History of Migratory Bird Hunting 1.A 2.A 3.B 4.B
答案
Passage5 (2020新高考Ⅰ,D) 343 学生用书P222
1.A 2.C 3.D 4.A
According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer
Passage4 (2021新高考Ⅱ,B) 316 学生用书P221
Research both the size and consumption habits of our eating
,
I have worked as a keeper at the National Zoo for years.
companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to
11
Spot andStripearethefirsttigercubs 幼兽 thathaveeverbeen
existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier
( )
born here. Globally athirdofSumatrancubsinzoosdon􀆳tmake people whoorderlargeportions 份 it􀆳sthebeanpoleswithbig
, ( ),
it toadulthood soIdecidedtogivethemround⁃the⁃clockcareat appetites you really need to avoid.
,
home. To test the effect of social influence on eating habits the
,
I􀆳ve got two children the younger one Kynan was researchers conducted two experiments. In the first
— , , , 95
extremely happy about the tigers arriving but all of us really undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to
—
looked forward to being part of their lives and watching them ostensibly 表 面 上 participate in a study about movie
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grow. I wasn􀆳t worried about bringing them into my home with viewership. Before the film began each woman was asked to
,
my wife and kids. These were cubs. They weighed about . kg help herself to asnack. Anactorhiredbytheresearchersgrabbed
2 5
and were so small that there was absolutely no risk. her foodfirst. Inhernaturalstate theactorweighed pounds.
, 105
As they grew moremobile weletthemmovefreelyaround But in half the cases she wore a specially designed fat suit which
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the house during the day but when we were asleep we had to increased her weight to pounds.
, 180
contain them in a large room otherwise they􀆳d get up to Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large
,
mischief. We􀆳d come down in the morning to find they􀆳d turned amount offood. Theparticipantsfollowedsuit takingmorefood
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the room upside down and left it looking like a zoo. than theynormallywouldhave. However theytooksignificantly
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Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of more when the actor was thin.
energy required to look after them. There were some tough times For the second test in one case the thin actor took two
,
and I just felt extremely tired. I was grateful that my family was pieces of candyfromthesnackbowls. Intheothercase shetook
,
there to help. We had to have a bit of a production line going pieces.Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest theparticipants
, 30 :
making up tiger milk washing baby bottles and cleaning the followed suit but took significantly more candy when the thin
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floors. actor took pieces.
30
When Spot and Stripe were four months old they were The tests show that the social environment is extremely
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learning how to open doors and jump fences and we knew it influential whenwe􀆳remakingdecisions. Ifthisfellowparticipant
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really was time for them to go. It was hard for us to finally part is going to eat more so will I. Call it the I􀆳ll have what she􀆳s
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with them. For the first few days Kynan was always a bit having effect. However we􀆳ll adjust the influence. If an
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, 专
I􀆳m not sad about it. I􀆳m hands⁃on with them every day at because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin person 题
十
the zoo and I do look back very fondly on the time that we had eats alot I􀆳llfollowsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim why
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1.Why did the author bring the tiger cubs home 1.What is the recent study mainly about
? ? 词
A.To ensure their survival. A.Food safety. 义
1 01
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋B.Movie viewership. B.Totest if theparticipantscouldrecognizeher.
C.Consumer demand. C.Tofindoutwhatshewoulddointhetwotests.
D.Eating behavior. D.To study why she could keep her weight down.
2.What does the underlined word beanpoles in paragraph 1 4.On what basis do we adjust the influence according to the
“ ” “ ”
referto last paragraph
? ?
A.Big eaters. A.How hungry we are.
B.Overweight persons. B.How slim we want to be.
C.Picky eaters. C.How we perceive others.
D.Tall thin persons. D.How we feel about the food.
3.Why did the researchers hire the actor 答案
?
A.Toseehowshewouldaffect theparticipants. 1.D 2.D 3.A 4.C
年
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1 02
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋
B 组 课标全国卷、省(区、市)卷题组
Passage1 (2022全国乙,C) 316 学生用书P223 A.Personnel safety.
B.Assistance from drones.
Can a small group of drones 无人机 guarantee the safety
( ) C.Inspection and repair.
and reliability of railways and at the same time help railway
, , D.Construction of infrastructure.
operatorssave billionsof euroseach year That isthe very likely
? 3.What function is expected of the rail drones
future of applying today􀆳s eyes in the sky technology to ?
“ ” A.To provide early warning.
making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and
B.To make trains run automatically.
infrastructure 基础设施 worldwidearesafefortrainsona /
( ) 24 7 C.To earn profits for the crews.
basis.
D.To accelerate transportation.
Drones are already being used to examine high⁃tension
4.Which is the most suitable title for the text
electrical lines. They could dopreciselythesamethingtoinspect ?
A.What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as
B.HowProductionofDronesCanBeExpanded
the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The
C.What DifficultyDroneDevelopment Will Face
more regularly they can be inspected the more railway safety
, , D.How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
reliability and on⁃time performance will be improved. Costs
答案
would be cut and operations would be more efficient 高效
( ) 1.A 2.C 3.A 4.D
across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better Passage2 (2022全国甲,C) 312 学生用书P224
protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that
As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica she found herself
European railways alone spend approximately billion euros a ,
20 greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins 企鹅 longing to
year on maintenance including sending maintenance staff often ( )
, , say hello. These gentle lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and
at night to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be ,
, kick⁃started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget.
dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the
Ever since her childhood Ginni now has had a deep
crews􀆳 efforts. , , 71,
love for travel. Throughout her career 职业 as a professional
By using the latest technologies drones could also start ( )
, dancer she toured in the UK but always longed to explore
providing higher⁃value services for railways detecting faults in , ,
, further. When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually
the rail or switches before they can cause any safety problems.
, flew the nest she decided it was time to take the plunge.
,
To perform these tasks drones for rail don􀆳t need to be flying
, After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related
overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept the rail
Arts Ginni began to travel the world eventually getting work
:
, ,
drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of
teaching English in Japan and Chile. And it was in Chile she
the train and programmed to run autonomously. Very small discoveredshecouldgetlast⁃minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingto
,
drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego the
,
train could guide it like a co⁃pilot. With their ability to see southernmosttipoftheSouthAmericanmainland. Ijustdecided
“
ahead they could signal any problem so that fast⁃moving trains I wanted to go she says. I had no idea about what I􀆳d find
, , ,” “
would be able to react in time. there and I wasn􀆳t nervous I just wanted to do it. And I wanted
,
1.What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.
? ”
A.Theuseofdronesincheckingonpowerlines. In March Ginni boarded a ship with passengers
2008, 48
B.Drones􀆳 ability to work at high altitudes. she􀆳d never met before to begin the journey towards Antarctica.
,
C.The reduction of cost in designing drones. From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises the whole
“ ,
D.Drones􀆳reliableperformanceinremoteareas. experience was amazing. Antarcticaleftanimpressiononmethat
2.What does maintenance underlined in paragraph 3 no other placehas Ginnisays. IrememberthefirsttimeIsaw
“ ” ,” “
refer to a humpback whale it just rose out of the water like some
? ;
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋prehistoric creature and I thought it wassmiling at us. You could and read and reread in order to better understand your friends.
still hear the operatic sounds it was making underwater. 1.Why does the author like rereading
” ?
The realization that this is a precious land to be respected A.It evaluates the writer⁃reader relationship.
,
by humans was oneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni. B.It􀆳s a window to a whole new world.
,
1.Which of the following best explains take the plunge C.It􀆳s a substitute for drinking with a friend.
“ ”
underlined in paragraph2 D.It extends the understanding of oneself.
?
A.Try challenging things. 2.What do we know about the book A Moveable Feast
?
B.Take a degree. A.It􀆳s a brief account of a trip.
C.Bring back lost memories. B.It􀆳sabout Hemingway􀆳slifeasayoungman.
D.Stick to a promise. C.It􀆳s a record of a historic event.
2.What made Ginni decide on the trip to Antarctica D.It􀆳s about Hemingway􀆳s friends in Paris.
?
A.Lovely penguins. 3.What does the underlined word currency in paragraph 4
“ ”
B.Beautiful scenery. refer to
?
C.A discount fare. A.Debt. B.Reward.
D.A friend􀆳s invitation. C.Allowance. D.Face value.
3.What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the journey 4.What can we infer about the author from the text
? ?
A.It could be a home for her. A.He loves poetry.
B.It should be easily accessible. B.He􀆳s an editor.
C.It should be well preserved. C.He􀆳s very ambitious.
D.It needs to be fully introduced. D.He teaches reading.
4.What is the text mainly about 答案
?
A.A childhood dream. 1.D 2.B 3.B 4.A
B.An unforgettable experience.
Passage4 (2020课标全国Ⅱ,C) 375 学生用书P226
C.Sailing around the world.
D.Meeting animals in Antarctica. When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the
答案 environmentalist on your holiday list fur probably didn􀆳t cross
,
1.A 2.C 3.C 4.B yourmind.Butsomeecologistsandfashion 时装 enthusiastsare
( )
trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria 海狸
Passage3 (2020课标全国Ⅰ,B) 324 学生用书P225 (
鼠 .
)
Returning to a book you􀆳ve read many times can feel like Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have
drinks with an old friend. There􀆳s a welcome familiarity but showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. It
— “
also sometimesaslightsuspicionthattimehaschangedyouboth sounds crazy to talk about guilt⁃free fur unless you understand
, —
and thus the relationship. But books don􀆳t change people do. that thenutriaaredestroyingvastwetlandseveryyear saysCree
, ,”
And that􀆳s what makes the act of rereading so rich and McCree project director of Righteous Fur.
,
transformative. Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided
The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with to pay hunters $ a tail. Some of the fur ends up in the fashion
5
the work is based on our present mental register. It􀆳s true the shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.
,
older Iget themoreIfeeltimehaswings. Butwithreading it􀆳s Nutria werebroughttherefromArgentinabyfurfarmersand
, ,
all about thepresent. It􀆳saboutthenowandwhatonecontributes let gointothewild. Theecosystemdowntherecan􀆳thandlethis
“
to the now because reading is a give and take between author non⁃native species 物种 . It􀆳s destroying the environment. It􀆳s
, ( )
and reader. Each has to pull their own weight. them or us says Michael Massimi an expert in this field.
,” ,
There are three books I reread annually. The first which I The fur trade keptnutriaincheckfordecades butwhenthe
, ,
take to reading everyspring isErnestHemingway􀆳sAMoveable market for nutria collapsed in the late s the cat⁃sized
, 1980 ,
Feast. Published in it􀆳s his classic memoir of s Paris. animals multiplied like crazy.
1964, 1920
The language is almost intoxicating 令人陶醉的 an aging Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program
( ),
writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time. Another is for Louisiana. Hesaysit􀆳snoteasytoconvincepeoplethatnutria
Annie Dillard􀆳s Holy the Firm her poetic ramble 随笔 fur is green but he hasno doubt about it. Huntersbring in more
, 1975 ( ) ,
about everything and nothing. The third book is Julio Cort􀅡zar􀆳s than nutria tails a year so part of Mouton􀆳s job these
300,000 ,
Save Twilight Selected Poems because poetry. And days is trying to promote fur.
: ,
because Cort􀅡zar. Then there􀆳s Righteous Fur and its unusual fashions. Model
WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks thesethreeweregivento Paige Morgan says To givepeopleaguilt⁃freeoptionthatthey
, , “ 专
me as gifts which might add to the meaning I attach to them. can wearwithoutsomeonethrowingpaintonthem Ithinkthat􀆳s 题
, — 十
But I imagine that while money is indeed wonderful and going tobeamassivething atleasthereinNewYork. Designer
, , ”
necessary rereading an author􀆳s work is the highest currency a Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to 推
, 测
reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally
词
further as time passes. But remember it􀆳s you that has to grow acceptable. She􀆳s trying to come up with a label to attach to 义
,
1 03
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋nutria fashions to show it is eco⁃friendly. of just making them bigger.
1.What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and 1.What does the underlined word that in paragraph 2
“ ”
Brooklyn refer to
? ?
A.To promote guilt⁃free fur. A.Increased length of green lights.
B.To expand the fashion market. B.Shortened traffic signal cycle.
C.To introduce a new brand. C.Flexible timing of traffic signals.
D.To celebrate a winter holiday. D.Smooth traffic flow on the road.
2.Why are scientists concerned about nutria 2.What does Kevin Balke say about adaptive signals
? ?
A.Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously. A.They work better on broad roads.
B.Nutria are an endangered species. B.They should be used in other cities.
C.Nutria hurt local cat⁃sized animals. C.They have greatly reduced traffic on the road.
D.Nutria are illegally hunted. D.They are less helpful in cities seriously jammed.
3.What does the underlined word collapsed in paragraph 5 3.What can we learn from Bellevue􀆳s success
“ ” ?
probably mean A.It is rewarding to try new things.
?
A.Boomed. B.The old methods still work today.
B.Became mature. C.It pays to put theory into practice.
C.Remained stable. D.The simplest way is the best way.
D.Crashed. 答案
4.What can weinferaboutwearingfurinNewYorkaccordingto 1.C 2.D 3.A
Morgan
? Passage6 (2019课标全国Ⅰ,B) 329 学生用书P228
A.It􀆳s formal. B.It􀆳s risky.
C.It􀆳s harmful. D.It􀆳s traditional. For Canaan Elementary􀆳ssecondgradeinPatchogue N.Y.
, ,
答案 today is speech day and right now it􀆳s Chris Palaez􀆳s turn. The
,
1.A 2.A 3.D 4.B ⁃year⁃old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes he
8 ,
seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.
Passage5 (2020浙江7月,B) 308 学生用书P227
But he􀆳s nervous. I􀆳m here to tell you today why you
“
The traffic signals along Factoria Boulevard in Bellevue should...should... Chris trips on the ⁃ld a pronunciation
, ” “ ,”
Washington generallydon􀆳tflashthesamelengthofgreentwice difficulty for many non⁃native English speakers. His teacher
, ,
in a row especially at rush hour. At am the full red/ Thomas Whaley is next to him whispering support. ...Vote
, 9:30 , , , “
yellow/green signal cycle might be seconds. By am a for...me... Except for some stumbles Chris is doing amazingly
140 9:33 , ” ,
burst of additional traffic might push it to seconds. Less well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion Whaley
145 ,
traffic at am could push it down to . Just like the traffic invites the rest of the class to praise him.
9:37 135
itself the timing of the signals changes. A son of immigrants Chris started learning English a little
, ,
That is by design. Bellevue a fast⁃growing city just east of over three years ago. Whaley recalls 回想起 how at the
, ( )
Seattle uses a system that is gaining popularity around the US beginning of the year when called upon to read Chris would
, : , ,
intersection 十字路口 signals that can adjust in real time to excuse himself to go to the bathroom.
( )
traffic conditions. These lights known as adaptive signals have Learning English as a second language can be a painful
, ,
led to significant declines in both the trouble and cost of travels experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make
between work and home. mistakes. It takes a lot for any student Whaley explains
“ ,” ,
Adaptive signals canmakesurethatthetrafficdemandthat especially for a student who is learning English as their new
“ “
is there is being addressed says Alex Stevanovie a researcher language to feel confident enough to say I don􀆳t know but I
,” , , ,‘ ,
at Florida Atlantic University. want to know.
’”
For all of Bellevue􀆳s success adaptive signals are not a Whaley got the idea of this second⁃grade presidential
,
cure⁃all for jammed roadways. Kevin Balke a research engineer campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise
,
年 at the Texas A &MUniversity Transportation Institute saysthat their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The
高 ,
考 while smart lights can be particularly beneficial for some cities , answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more
others aresojammedthatonlyasharpreductioninthenumberof than justlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekids
年
cars on the road will make a meaningful difference. It􀆳s not to learn to boast 夸耀 about themselves.
模 “ ( )
拟 going to fix everything but adaptive signals have some benefits Boasting about yourself and your best qualities Whaley
, “ , ,”
for smaller cities he says. says is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom
,” ,“
In Bellevue theswitchtoadaptivesignalshasbeenalesson not feeling confident.
, ”
in thevalueofwelcomingnewapproaches. Inthepast therewas 1.What made Chris nervous
︵ , ?
教 often an automatic reaction to increased traffic just widen the A.Telling a story.
:
师 roads says Mark Poch the Bellevue Transportation B.Making a speech.
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书 Department􀆳s traffic engineering manager. Now he hopes that C.Taking a test.
︶ other cities will consider making their streets run smarter instead D.Answering a question.
1 04
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“ ”
refer to 3.What can we learn about the parent from paragraph
? 3?
A.Improper pauses. A.She gets interested in lacrosse.
B.Bad manners. B.She is proud of her kids.
C.Spelling mistakes. C.She􀆳ll work for another season.
D.Silly jokes. D.She becomes a good helper.
3.We caninferthatthepurposeofWhaley􀆳sprojectisto . 4.Why does the author like doing volunteer work
?
A.help students see their own strengths A.It gives her a sense of duty.
B.assess students􀆳 public speaking skills B.It makes her very happy.
C.prepare students for their future jobs C.It enables her to work hard.
D.inspire students􀆳 love for politics D.It brings her material rewards.
4.Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher 答案
?
A.Humorous. B.Ambitious. 1.C 2.B 3.D 4.B
C.Caring. D.Demanding.
Passage8 (2019浙江6月,B) 306 学生用书P230
答案
1.B 2.A 3.A 4.C Money with no strings attached. It􀆳s not something you see
every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month a
Passage7 (2019课标全国Ⅱ,B) 338 学生用书P229 ,
board went up with dollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasign
You canusemeasalastresort 选择 andifnobodyelse that read Give What You Can Take What You Need.
“ ( ), , “ , ”
volunteers then I will do it. This was an actual reply from a People quickly caught on. And while many took dollars
, ” ,
parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids􀆳 many others pinned their own cash to the board. People of all
“
lacrosse 长曲棍球 club. ages races and socio⁃economic 社会经济的 backgrounds
( ) , , ( )
I guess that there􀆳s probably some demanding work gave and took said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox which
,” ,
schedule or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an created the project. We even had a bride in her wedding dress
, “
unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try come up totheboardandtakeafewdollars. Mostofthebillson
”
again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with the boardweresingles butafewpeopleleftfives tensandeven
, ,
four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a twenties. Thevideoclip 片段 showsonemanwhohadfounda
( )
team that his kids aren􀆳t even on...At this point the unwilling $ bill pinning it to the board.
20
parent speaks up Alright. Yes I􀆳ll do it. WhatIcansayforthefolksthatgavethemost isthatthey
, “ , ” “ ,
I􀆳m secretly relieved because I know there􀆳s real power in were full of smiles Bridges said. There􀆳s a certain feeling that
,” “
sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling givingcandoforyouandthatwasapparentinthosethatgavethe
parent organizes the meal schedule sends out emails and most. Most people who took dollars took only a few but
, , ” ,
collects money for end⁃of⁃season gifts. Somewhere along the Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.
way thesameparentendsupbecominganinvaluablememberof While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign
, ,
the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other Bridges said the only goal wasto showgenerosity and sympathy.
parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar
Handing out slicedorangestobloodthirstykidscanbeasexciting projects and post their own videos on the Internet.
as watching your own kid score a goal. After all everyone has bad days and good days he said.
“ , ,”
Still mostofusvolunteersbreatheasighofreliefwhenthe Some days you need a helping hand and some days you can be
, “
season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep the one giving the helping hand.
”
understanding of why the same people keep coming back for 1.What does the expression“moneywithnostringsattached”
more Connecting to the community 社区 as you freely give in paragraph1 mean?
: ( )
your time money skills or services provides a real joy. A.Money spent without hesitation.
, , ,
Volunteering just feels so good. B.Money not legally made.
In that sense I􀆳m pretty sure volunteering is more of a C.Money offered without conditions.
,
selfish act than I􀆳d freely like to admit. However if others D.Money not tied together.
,
benefit in the process and I get some reward too does it really 2.What did Bridges want to show by mentioning the bride
, , ?
matter where my motivation lies A.Women tended to be more sociable.
?
1.What canweinferabouttheparentfromherreplyinparagraph B.The activity attracted various people.
1?
A.She knows little about the club. C.Economic problems were getting worse.
B.She isn􀆳t good at sports. D.Young couples needed financial assistance.
专
C.She just doesn􀆳t want to volunteer. 3.Why did Bridges carry out the project 题
? 十
D.She􀆳s unable to meet her schedule. A.To do a test on people􀆳s morals.
2.What does the underlinedphrase tug at the heartstrings in B.To raise money for his company. 推
“ ” 测
paragraph2 mean C.To earn himself a good reputation.
? 词
A.Encourage teamwork. B.Appeal to feelings. D.To promote kindness and sympathy. 义
1 05
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋答案 B. Dutkiewicz􀆳s model aims to project phytoplankton
1.C 2.B 3.D changes.
C.Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.
Passage9 (2019北京,D) 419 学生用书P230
D.Oceanswithmorephytoplanktonmayappear greener.
By the endofthecentury ifnotsooner theworld􀆳soceans 4.What is the main purpose of the passage
, , ?
will be bluer andgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate according A.To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.
,
to a new study. B.To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain.
At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine C.To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.
microorganisms 海洋微生物 called phytoplankton. Because of D.To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.
( )
the way light reflects off the organisms these phytoplankton 答案
,
create colourfulpatternsattheoceansurface. Oceancolourvaries 1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C
from green to blue depending on the type and concentration of
, Passage 10 (2018课标全国Ⅱ,B) 258 学生用书P232
phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of
phytoplankton in some areas while reducing it in other spots Many of us love July because it􀆳s the month when nature􀆳s
, ,
leading to changes in the ocean􀆳s appearance. berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and
Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface wheretheypullcarbon sweet jewelsfromBritishColumbia􀆳sfieldsarelittlepowerhouses
,
dioxide 二氧化碳 into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When of nutritional protection.
( )
these organisms die they bury carbon in the deep ocean an Of the common berries strawberries are highest in vitamin
, , ,
important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But C although because of their seeds raspberries contain a little
, , ,
phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean􀆳s warming trend. more protein 蛋白质 iron and zinc not that fruits have much
( ), (
Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect protein . Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants 抗氧
) (
phytoplankton growth sincetheyneednotonlysunlightandcarbon 化物质 . The yellowand orange stone fruitssuch aspeachesare
, )
dioxidetogrow but alsonutrients. high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are
,
Stephanie Dutkiewicz ascientistinMIT􀆳sCenterforGlobal antioxidants. As for cherries 樱桃 they are so delicious. Who
, ( ),
Change Science built a climate model that projects changes to cares However they are rich in vitamin C.
, ? ,
the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by When combined with berriesor slicesof other fruits frozen
,
℃ it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans bananas make an excellent base for thick cooling fruit shakes
3 , ,
would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with and low fat ice cream . For this purpose select ripe bananas
“ ” ,
little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some for freezing astheyaremuchsweeter. Removetheskinandplace
waters such as those of the Arctic a warming will make them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. If you like a
, , ,
conditions riper for phytoplankton and these areas will turn squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them
,
greener. Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the turning brown.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks depending
“ ,
ocean changing she said but the type of phytoplankton is on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.
,” ,“
changing. If you have a juicer you can simply feed in frozen bananas
” ,
Andwhydoesthatmatter Phytoplanktonarethebaseofthe andsome berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a soft⁃serve creamy
? “ ”
food web. If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean dessert to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a
, ,
Dutkiewicz said it will change the type of fish that will be able children􀆳sparty theylove feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into
,“ ;
to survive. Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain. thetopof themachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.
”
Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the 1.What does the author seem to like about cherries
?
coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable A.They contain protein.
,
but they could mean significant changes. It􀆳ll be a while before B.They are high in vitamin A.
“
we can statistically show that the changes are happening because C.They have a pleasant taste.
of climate change Dutkiewicz said but the change in the D.They are rich in antioxidants.
,” , “
colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that 2.Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas
?
年
we really have changed our planet. A.To make them smell better.
高 ”
考 1.What arethefirst twoparagraphsmainlyabout B.To keep their colour.
?
A.The various patterns at the ocean surface. C.To speed up their ripening.
年
B.The cause of the changes in ocean colour. D.To improve their nutrition.
模
拟 C.Thewaylight reflectsoff marineorganisms. 3.What is a juicer in the last paragraph
“ ” ?
D.Theeffortstofuelthegrowthofphytoplankton. A.A dessert.
2.What does the underlined word vulnerable in Paragraph 3 B.A drink.
“ ”
probablymean C.A container.
︵ ?
教 A.Sensitive. B.Beneficial. D.A machine.
师
C.Significant. D.Unnoticeable. 4.From which is the text probably taken
用 ?
书 3.What can we learn from the passage A.A biology textbook.
?
︶ A.Phytoplanktonplayadecliningroleinthemarineecosystem. B.A health magazine.
1 06
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋C.A research paper. C.To Read or Not to Read
D.A travel brochure. D.It􀆳s Never Too Late to Read
答案 答案
1.C 2.B 3.D 4.B 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A
Passage 11 (2018浙江11月,C) 310 学生用书P233 Passage 12 (2018北京,D) 479 学生用书P234
I start every summer with the best of intentions to attack Preparing Cities for Robot Cars
:
one big bookfromthepast aclassicthatIwassupposedtohave The possibility of self⁃driving robot cars has often seemed
,
read when young and ambitious. Often the pairings of books and like a futurist􀆳s dream years away from materializing in the real
,
settings have been purely accidental Moby Dick on a three⁃ world. Well the future is apparently now. The California
:“ ” ,
day cross⁃country train trip The Magic Mountain in a New Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for
; “ ”
England beachside cottage with no locks on the doors no companiestotesttrulyself⁃drivingcarsonpublicroads. Thestate
,
telephones or televisions in the rooms and little to do beyond also cleared the way for companiestosellorrentoutself⁃driving
,
row on the salt pond. Attempting The Man Without Qualities cars and for companies to operate driverless taxi services.
“ ” ,
on a return to Hawaii my native state however was less California it should be noted isn􀆳t leading the way here.
, , , , ,
fruitful I made it through one and a quarter volumes 册 then Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the
: ( ),
decided that I􀆳d got the point and went swimming instead. country. It􀆳s hard to predict when driverless cars will be
But this summer I find myself at a loss. I􀆳m not quite everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes the
,
interested in Balzac say or Tristram Shandy. There􀆳salways technology has the potential to change our transportation systems
, , “ ”
War and Peace which I􀆳ve covered some distance several and our cities for better or for worse depending on how the
“ ,” , ,
times only to get bogged down in the War part set it aside transformation is regulated.
, “ ” ,
for a while and realize that I have to start over from the While muchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafety
,
beginning again having forgotten everyone􀆳s name and social of driverlesscars and rightfully so policymakers also should be
, ( ),
rank. How appealing to simply fall back on a favorite once talking about howself⁃drivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams
— ,
more into The Waves or Justine which feels almost like cut emissions 排放 andoffer moreconvenient affordablemobility
“ ” “ ,” ( ) ,
cheating too exciting and too much fun to properly belong in options.Thearrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure
,
serious literature. that thosevehiclesareenvironmentallyfriendlyandmoreshared.
And then there􀆳s Stendhal􀆳s The Red and the Black Do we want to copy or even worsen the traffic of today
“ ,” — —
whichhappenstobethenameofmyfavoritecocktail 鸡尾酒 of with driverless cars Imagine a future where most adults own
( ) ?
the summer created by Michael Cecconi at Savoy and Back individualself⁃drivingvehicles.Theytoleratelong slowjourneys
, ,
Forty. It is easy to drink and knocking back three or four seems to and from work on packed highways because they can work
, ,
like such a delightful idea. Cecconi􀆳s theory I take whatever􀆳s entertain themselvesorsleepontheride whichencouragesurban
:“ ,
fresh at the greenmarket and turn it into liquid. The result is a spread. They take their driverless car to an appointment and set
”
pure shot of afternoon in the park making one feel cheerful and the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for
,
peaceful all at once lying on uncut grass with eyes shut sun parking. Instead ofwalkingafewblockstopickupachildorthe
, ,
beating through the lids... dry cleaning they send the self⁃driving minibus. The
,
1.What can we infer about the author from the first paragraph convenience even leads fewerpeopletotakepublictransport an
? —
A.He has a cottage in New England. unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride⁃
B.He shows talents for literature. hailing 叫车 services.
( )
C.He enjoys reading when traveling. A studyfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavissuggested
D.He admires a lot of great writers. that replacing petrol⁃powered private cars worldwide with
2.What do the underlined words “get bogged down” in electric self⁃driving and shared systems could reduce carbon
,
paragraph2 mean? emissions from transportation % and cut the cost of
80
A.Get confused. transportation infrastructure 基础设施 and operations % by
( ) 40
B.Be carried away. . Fewer emissionsandcheapertravelsoundprettyappealing.
2050
C.Be interrupted. The first commercially available driverless cars will almost
D.Make no progress. certainly be fielded by ride⁃hailing services considering the cost
,
3.Why does the author say reading his favorite books feels like of self⁃driving technology as well as liability and maintenance
cheating issues 责任与维护问题 . But driverless car ownership could
? ( )
A.He finishes them quickly. increase as the prices drop and more people become comfortable
B.He should read something serious. with the technology.
专
C.He barely understands them. Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make 题
十
D.He has read them many times before. suretheappearanceofdriverlessvehiclesdoesn􀆳textendtheworst
4.What can be a suitable title for the text aspects of thecar⁃controlledtransportationsystemwehavetoday. 推
? 测
A.The Books of Summer The coming technological advancement presents a chance for
词
B.My Summer Holidays cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to 义
1 07
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋move more people and moreaffordably. Thecarofthefutureis Time ismoney but that principle meansdifferent thingsfor
, ,
coming. We just have to plan for it. different typesofrestaurants. Unlikefast⁃foodplaces finedining
,
1.According to the author attention should be paid to how shops prefer customers to stay longer and spend. One way to
,
driverless cars can . encourage customers to stay and order that extra round put on
:
A.helpdeal withtransportation⁃relatedproblems some Mozart 莫扎特 . When classical rather than pop music
( ) , ,
B.provide better services to customers was playing diners spent more. Fast music hurried diners out.
,
C.cause damage to our environment Particular scents also have an effect diners who got the scent of
:
D.make some people lose jobs lavender 薰衣草 stayed longer and spent more than those who
( )
2.As for driverless cars what is the author􀆳s major concern smelled lemon or no scent.
, ? ,
A.Safety. B.Side effects. Meanwhile things that you might expect to discourage
,
C.Affordability. D.Management. spending bad tables crowding high prices don􀆳t
—“ ” , , —
3.What does the underlined word fielded in Paragraph 4 necessarily. Dinersatbadtables nexttothekitchendoor say
“ ” — , —
probably mean spent nearly as much asothersbutsoonfled. Itcanbeconcluded
?
A.Employed. B.Replaced. that restaurant keepers need not be overly concerned about
“
C.Shared. D.Reduced. bad tables given that they􀆳re profitable. As for crowds a
‘ ’ ,” ,
4.What is the author􀆳s attitude to the future of self⁃driving cars Hong Kong study found that they increased a restaurant􀆳s
?
A.Doubtful. B.Positive. reputation suggesting great food at fair prices. And doubling a
,
C.Disapproving. D.Sympathetic. buffet􀆳s price led customers to say that its pizza was percent
11
答案 tastier.
1.A 2.D 3.A 4.B 1.The underlined phrase none the wiser in paragraph 3
“ ”
most probably implies that the customers were .
Passage 13 (2018江苏,B) 322 学生用书P235
A.not aware of eating more than usual
In the s Mathurin Roze opened a series of shops that B.not willing to share food with others
1760 ,
boasted 享有 a special meat soup called consommé. Although C.not conscious of the food quality
( )
the main attraction was the soup Roze􀆳s chain shops also set a D.not fond of the food provided
,
new standard for dining out which helped to establish Roze as 2.How could a fine dining shop make more profit
, ?
the inventor of the modern restaurant. A.Playing classical music.
Today scholars have generated large amounts of instructive B.Introducing lemon scent.
,
research about restaurants. Take visual hints that influence what C.Making the light brighter.
weeat dinersservedthemselvesabout percentmorepasta 意 D.Using plates of larger size.
: 20 (
大利面食 when their plates matched their food. When a dark⁃ 3.What does the last paragraph talk about
) ?
colored cakewasservedonablackplateratherthanawhiteone A.Tips to attract more customers.
,
customers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty. B.Problems restaurants are faced with.
Lighting matters too. When Berlin restaurant customers ate C.Ways to improve restaurants􀆳 reputation.
,
in darkness theycouldn􀆳ttellhowmuchthey􀆳dhad thosegiven D.Commonmisunderstandingsabout restaurants.
, :
extra⁃large shares atemorethaneveryoneelse butwerenonethe 答案
,
wiser they didn􀆳t feel fuller and they were just as ready for 1.A 2.A 3.D
— ,
dessert.
年
高
考
年
模
拟
︵
教
师
用
书
︶
1 08
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋
三年 考点基础练 五年 考点式编排 三年 考点基础练
模拟 综合提升练 高考 题组式训练 模拟 综合提升练
2020—2022
A组 考点基础题组
Passage1 (2022辽宁名校联盟3月联考,C) uncle suggestedtheytakeanotherlookatthemudhousesthathad
学生用书P236 lain ignored for years in the ancient settlement about three hours􀆳
drive from the capital Muscat. The owners had abandoned the
The village of Misfat Al Abriyeen has changed its fortunes
centuries⁃old homes fearingtheycouldtopple andmovedtothe
by transforming mud⁃brick homes into fine hotels. The village of , ,
opposite side ofthevillagewheretheybuiltnewaccommodation.
people located on the cliffs of Oman􀆳s Grand Canyon
800 , “ ”, The brown⁃walled homes made of mud bricks with palm⁃
opened its narrow streets years ago to foreigners and locals ,
leave roofs were turned into simple but elegant inns with wood
seeking adventure in the deserts and green corners of the Gulf ,
furniture and handcrafts made using skills handed down from
area.
their ancestors. We started with only five rooms then we
Villager Yacoub Al⁃Abri said it all started in when his “ ,
2010
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋increased the number and bought other old houses. Today we Before he retired Gurnah was a professor of English
, ,73,
have roomsandthereareplanstocontinueexpandinguntilwe and postcolonial literature at the University of Kent in England.
15
reach Al⁃Abri said. Although Gurnah􀆳s first language is Swahili he adopted English
50,” ,
At an altitude of more than meters the tiny village as his literary language. His writing often contains traces of
1,000 ,
which is home to his tribe is a charming collection of traditional Arabic Swahili and German as well.
, ,
houses located along dozens of small alleys 小巷 overlooking Anders Olsson the chair of the Nobel committee said that
( ) , ,
lands bursting with banana plants and citrus and palm trees. It is Gurnah is widely recognized as one of the world􀆳s more
“
part of a region known as the Grand Canyon of Oman where preeminent postcolonial writers .
”
tourists can hike the rocky mountains and valleys and explore Ethiopian⁃American novelist Maaza Mengiste described
,
the old ways of local people. The region is also famed for its Gurnah􀆳s writings as being like a gentle blade 刀刃 slowly
“ ( )
centuries⁃old stories that are still widely told in similar villages moving in . He has written works that are absolutely unfearing
” “
across the country. and yet at the same time completely compassionate and full of
Renoda aDutchpsychologistlivinginMuscat wasvisiting hearts for people of East Africa Mengiste said. He is writing
, , ,” “
with three of her friends. It􀆳s perhaps the th time that I have storiesthatareoftenquietstoriesofpeoplewhoaren􀆳theard but
“ 10 ,
visited this hotel since last year. I come here for a night or two there􀆳s insistence there that we listen.
”
every month seeking calm relaxation and comfort she 1.What are Gurnah􀆳s works mainly about
, ,” ?
told AFP. A.The life of the people in Tanzania.
1.What does the underlined word topple in paragraph 2 B.Effects of war and colonialism.
“ ”
mean C.Experiences of living abroad.
?
A.Move. B.Fall. D.Growth in an underdeveloped nation.
C.Disappear. D.Shrink. 2.What can we know about Gurnah
?
2.What are the rooms of the village hotels like A.He was inspired to write by his refugee experience.
?
A.Splendid. B.Outdated. B.He used to be a professor of law and literature.
C.Ordinary. D.Traditional. C.HepublisheshisworksinArabicandSwahili.
3.What is paragraph mainly about D.He was not well⁃known until he won the Nobel Prize.
4 ?
A.The unique lifestyle of the local people. 3.What does Maaza Mengiste think of Gurnah􀆳s writing
?
B.The special situation of the small village. A.It is elegantly written in his native language.
C.The reasons for the popularity of the village. B.It is widely welcomed by people around the world.
D.The introduction of the history of the village. C.It is powerful and employs sharp language.
4.What can be inferred about Renoda D.It calls for attention to the life of the underclass.
?
A.She lives a stressful life in the city. 4.What doesthe underlined word preeminent in paragraph 5
“ ”
B.She enjoys adventurous traveling. probablymean
?
C.Visiting the villagers is part of her work. A.Awful. B.Potential.
D.She wants to live in this hotel permanently. C.Outstanding. D.Particular.
答案 答案
1.B 2.D 3.C 4.A 1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C
Passage2 (2022山东泰安一模,C) 学生用书P237 Passage3 (2022湖南学业质量第二次联合检测,B)
The literary world has a new star. Novelist Abdulrazak
学生用书P238
Gurnah is the winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature in Animal rescuer and cinematographer Douglas Thron􀆳s
2021
recognition of his compassionate penetration 揭示 of the passion for animals began when he was a little kid. I started
“ ( ) “
effects ofcolonialism 殖民主义 andthefateoftherefugee 难 rescuing orphaned babyanimals Thronsays. AndIwantedto
( ) ( ,” “
民 . be a wildlife cinematographer.
)” ”
Gurnah grew up in Zanzibar an island off the coast of When Thron grew up he did just that working for shows
, , ,
Tanzania. In the late s Gurnah was forced to leave for like Discovery Channel􀆳s Shark Week filming the great white
1960 , ,
England as a refugee where he began to reflect on his sharksoff the coast of Santa Cruz California. But Thron says it
, ,
experiences in a diary and then through stories. Through the was the fire in Paradise in California in that pushed him
2018 “ ”
years he wrote novels and stories that explore the suffering todoanimalrescuework puttinghisaerialcinematographyskills
, 10 ,
caused by war and colonialism. The thing that motivated the to good use.
“
whole experience of writing for me was this idea of losing your At the time Thron was filming a man who was rescuing
,
place in the world Gurnah told The New York Times. cats afterthefireusinganinfraredhand⁃heldcamera. Thecamera
,” 专
His novel Paradise which tells the story of a boy uses heat todetecttheanimalsatnight. Thronandthemantalked 题
1994 , 十
growing up in early th century Tanzania marked his about how incredible it would be to put one on a drone to detect
20 ,
breakthrough as a novelist and won the Booker Prize. Afterlives animals more easily. The animal􀆳s body temperature will glow 推
, “ 测
his most recent work continues the narrative of Paradise and on the screen and you can pick them out among the bricks and
, 词
takes place during theperiodofGermancolonialisminTanzania. stones explains Thron. 义
,”
1 09
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋ThefirstanimalThroneverrescuedinthiswaywasadoginthe Professor Dweck believes that there is a problem in
Bahamasafteracategory⁃ hurricanehit whichwipedouthundredsof education at the moment. For years children have been praised
5 , ,
houses.Thronputaninfraredscopeonadroneandfoundthedog. fortheirintelligenceortalent butthismakesthemvulnerable 脆
, (
The drone really shaves off critical time so that the really 弱的 to failure. Theybecomeperformance⁃oriented wantingto
“ ) ,
badly hurtanimalsareabletoberescued Thronsays. Oncethe please by getting high grades but they are not interested in
,” ,
scope picks up the heat signature of an animal Thron turns a learning for its own sake. The solution according to Dweck is
“ ”, , ,
spotlight on the animal and zooms in on it so he and the rescue to lead them to become mastery⁃oriented i.e. interested in
, (
crew can go and save the animal. getting better at something . She claims that the ever⁃lasting
)
Thron has basically been going non⁃stop since then . His effort over time is the key to outstanding achievements.
“ ”
TV show DougtotheRescue showssomeofhisheart⁃warming Psychologists have been testing these theories.
, ,
animal rescues including after Hurricane Laura in Louisiana in Underperforming school children on a Native American
,
and after fires in Northern California and Oregon. Thron reservation wereexposedtogrowthmindsettechniquesforayear.
2020
also helped rescue koalas after fires damaged parts of Australia The results were nothing less than incredible. They came top in
in . regional tests beating children from much more privileged
2020 ,
1.What does the underlined word that in paragraph 2 backgrounds. These children had previously felt that making an
“ ”
refer to effort was a sign of stupidity but they came to see it as the key
? ,
A.Researching rare animals. to learning.
B.Rescuing homeless animals. 1.What can we learn about a person if his response is B
“ ”?
C.Becoming a disaster rescuer. A.He is performance⁃oriented.
D.Working as a wildlife cinematographer. B.He tends to set limits to his life.
2.What􀆳s Thron􀆳s purpose of attaching the infrared camera to the C.He enjoys the process and focuses on the future.
drone D.He boosts his self⁃esteem by comparing with others.
?
A.To locate an animal quickly. 2.Which of the following suggestions will Professor Dweck give
B.To shoot more inviting photos. to parents and teachers
?
C.To take animals􀆳 body temperature. A.To reward children for their high grades.
D.To give warnings of dangers timely. B.Toemphasizetheimportanceof intelligence.
3.What􀆳s the fifth paragraph mainly about C.Toignoretheresult brought byfailure.
?
A.The difficulties Thron has to overcome. D.To praise children for their engagement in the process.
B.The skills Thron will need to operate the drone. 3.What does These children inthe last paragraphrefer to
“ ” ?
C.The way Thron uses the drone to rescue animals. A.Children showing no interest in learning.
D.ThereasonwhyThronchosehispresent job. B.Children who use fixed mindset techniques.
4.According to the passage which word can best describe C.Children from much more privileged backgrounds.
,
Thron D.Underperforming school children on a Native American
?
A.Modest. B.Creative. reservation.
C.Generous. D.Outgoing. 4.Why does the author write the text
?
答案 A.To distinguish the growth mindset and the fixed mindset.
1.D 2.A 3.C 4.B B.To inform readers of the importance of the growth mindset.
C.To show several psychological study results.
Passage4 (2022山东青岛4月模拟,D) 学生用书P239
D.To point out a problem in education at the moment.
Think backtowhenyouwereinamathsclassroom andthe 答案
,
teacher set a difficult problem. Which of the two following 1.C 2.D 3.D 4.A
responses is closer to the way you reacted
A Oh no this is too hard for me. ? I􀆳m not even going to Passage5 (2021湖北黄冈中学4月质检,B)
: ,
seriously try and work it out.
学生用书P240
年 B Ah this is quite tricky but I like to push myself. Even One day when some government officials were rebuilding a
高 : , ,
考 if I don􀆳t get the answer right maybe I􀆳ll learn something in the barn they found a mouse hole in a corner and used smoke to
, ,
attempt. force the mice inside the hole to come out. A while later they
年
Early in her career the psychologist Carol Dweck of really saw mice running out one after another. Then everyone
模 , , ,
拟 Stanford University gave a group of ten⁃year⁃olds problems that thought that all the mice had escaped. But just as they began to
were slightlytoohardforthem. Onegroupreactedpositivelyand clean up they saw two mice squeezing out at the mouth of the
,
loved the challenge. She says they had a growth mindset and hole. With some efforts the mice finally got out. However it
“ ” , ,
focused on what they could achieve in the future. But another was strange that after theycameoutofthehole theydidnotrun
︵ ,
教 group of childrenfeltthattheirintelligencewasbeingjudgedand away immediately. Instead one chased after the other near the
,
师
they had failed. They had a fixed mindset and were unable to mouthofthehole. Itseemedthatonewastryingtobitethetailof
用 “ ”
书 imagine improving. Some of them looked for someone who had the other.
︶ done worse than them to boost their self⁃esteem. Everyone was puzzled so they stepped nearer to take a
,
1 10
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— 360
see anything and the other was trying to allow the blind mouse placedonaskyscraperinLondon.TheInfinityLondonwillbethefirst
,
to bite on its tail so that it could pull the blind one with it to andonlybuildingintheworldtoincludethiscutting⁃edgepooldesign.
escape. Thepoolwill be laid on top of a ⁃story skyscraper and will allow
55
After seeing what happened everyone was speechless and people to float over meters above the London skyline with
, 200
lost in thought. During the meal time the group of people sat unobstructed 没有障碍的 viewsofthecity.
, ( )
down in a circle and started to talk about what happened to the The entrance to the pool is hidden. People began to raise
two mice. questions about how anyone would get inside the pool. Compass
One seriousAmericanofficialsaid Ithinktherelationship Poolsexplains Swimmerswillaccessthepoolthrougharotating
,“ ,“
between those two mice was that of king and guard. The others spiral 螺旋形的 staircase based on the door of a submarine
” ( ) ,
thought for a while and said That was why rising from the pool floorwhensomeonewantstogetinorout.
, “ !” ”
Aclever Frenchman said I think the relationship between But that is not the only unique technology of the pool. The
, “
those two mice was that of husband and wife. Again the others designers found a way to make sure the wind doesn􀆳t blow the
”
thought for a while and all felt it made sense. water down to the streets. They included a built⁃in anemometer
,
AJapanesesaid Ithinktherelationshipbetweenthosetwo 风速计 to monitor the wind speed. It is linked to a computer⁃
,“ ( )
mice was thatofmotherandson. Onceagaintheothersthought controlled building management system which will also take care
”
for awhile andfeltthiswasmorereasonable. Sotheyexpressed of the temperature of the water.
,
agreement. Alex Kemsley promises that this unique pool will surpass
At that moment one Chinese asked Why did those two everyone􀆳s expectations. It􀆳s quite a strange feeling to swim in
, , “ “
mice have to have a certain relationship the SkyPool atTheShardandhavehelicoptersflyingpastatyour
?”
Suddenly the group looked at the Chinese and remained level but this pool takes it a step further he says. Putting your
, ,” “
speechless. The American official the Frenchman and the goggles 游泳镜 onandwitha ⁃degreeviewofLondonfrom
, ( ) 360
Japanese who had spoken earlier all lowered their head. m up it really will be something else but it􀆳s definitely not
220 , —
In fact trueloveisnotbuiltonfriendship loyaltyorblood one for the acrophobic 恐高的
, , ( )!”
relationship. It is built on no relationship. While the exact date of the construction is not clear yet if
,
1.Neither ofthetwomiceranawayimmediatelybecause . things go well it may begin in .The location has yet to be
, 2022
A.one was biting the other confirmed too.
B.the mouth of the hole was too small 1.What can we learn from the first paragraph
?
C.they were not afraid of smoke A.The Infinity London is the only building to swim in.
D.one was trying to help the blind one B.Swimmers can enjoy the views of London in the new pool.
2.Why did the three men lower their head according to the C.The pool is located on the first floor of a skyscraper.
passage D.Compass Pools has built many ⁃degree pools in the
? 360
A.They did not dare to answer. world.
B.They had mistaken the relationship of the mice. 2.What does the underlined word that in Paragraph 3
“ ”
C.They regretted driving a poor blind mouse away. refer to
?
D.They did not express a better viewpoint. A.How to get a view of London.
3.It is clear that . B.How to monitor the wind speed.
A.all the mice came out of the hole easily C.How to get into or out of the pool.
B.eachof thefour peopleunderstoodtherelationshipdifferently D.How to keep the water in the pool.
C.the people wanted to kill the mice with smoke 3.Who might not be suitable to swim in the new pool
?
D.the people knew one of the mice was blind at first sight A.People who enjoy flying.
4.The underlined sentence it made sense probably means B.People who lose weight.
“ ”
. C.People who fear heights.
A.it was reasonable B.it was strange D.People who have poor sight.
C.it was funny D.it was sweet 4.What can we know about the new pool
?
答案 A.It is not certain when people can swim in it.
1.D 2.D 3.B 4.A B.The exact location of the construction is clear.
C.Swimmers can expect its designs easily.
Passage6 (2021重庆南开中学3月质检,C) 学生用书P241
D.It􀆳s impossible to monitor the temperature of the water.
AcompanycalledCompassPoolshassomegoodnewsforheight 答案
and swimming enthusiasts.Recently the company announced their 1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A
, 专
题
十
推
测
词
义
1 11
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Passage1 (2022福建4月诊断性测试,C) 学生用书P242 years old he injured his left leg. This changed everything.
,
A bone marrow biopsy 骨髓活检 revealed Motha had
Scientists in Australia have discovered that they can use the ( )
osteosarcoma a type of bone cancer in his left leg. While his
world􀆳s smelliest fruits to make devices that could power electric , ,
soccer injury was not the cause it did draw attention to the
cars.Adurianisafruitthatlookslikeapineapple.Itisadelicacy ,
already⁃present cancer. He chose the amputation 截肢 and
in some Asian countries but its smell is so unpleasant that some ( )
, decided he was going to approach life differently more
ofthosecountrieshavebanneditfrompublicplaces. Itssmellhas —
positively.
been compared to rotting eggs and even smelly old gym socks.
Truetohisword Motha now canbeseentwirling 转动
Vincent GomesandhiscolleaguesattheUniversityofSydney in , , 26, ( )
, across stages around the world. He first encountered dance at a
Australia used a durian and a jackfruit another fruit known for its
, — neighborhood party where he asked a friend to teach him some
terriblesmell tomakeenergystoringdevicescalledsupercapacitors. ,
— modifiedmoves. ThenIdancedthewholenight herecalled.His
Supercapacitors are an alternative to batteries. They can􀆳t “ ,”
talentsdid not go unnoticed he began appearing in South African
store as muchenergyasanormalbatterydoes buttheyaremuch ;
, TVadsandshows. He even appeared in Drake􀆳s One Dance music
quicker to recharge. Durians and jackfruits contain some of the
video.
chemicals used in supercapacitors which gave Gomes the idea.
, Motha thinks that representation needs to extend beyond the
Tomakethefruit⁃baseddevices theteamheatedandthenfreeze⁃
, performing arts. The more we can see the disabled person in
dried the uneatable cores of the durian and jackfruit to make a “
multiple aspects of life such as helicopter pilots engineers
special kind of material called an aerogel. , , ,
chefs choreographers and professors the greater hope we can
Aerogels are one of the world􀆳s lightest solid materials. , ,
hold onto forasocietywherenooneisonthemargins hesaid.
Often called frozen smoke they are made by removing the ,”
“ ”, That􀆳s Motha􀆳s dream as well.
liquid from a gel and replacing it with air. They have many
Though he said that dance gave him a purpose he
scientific uses but one of their special propertiesisthe ability to “ ”,
, added I don􀆳t want to see myself as a dancer only. He wants
conduct electric currents whichmakesthemanimportantpartof , “ ”
, to create a space for other people with disabilities to go outside
supercapacitors. The aerogels made from the durian and jackfruit
their comfort zone from soccer to singing. He feels that greater
both worked well when placed inside a supercapacitor although —
, representation will create more opportunities and inclusions
the durian aerogel was found to be the better of the two. ,
paving the way for people with disabilities to shine. Instead of
The discovery is important because the materials currently “
telling a sob story I find that the most beautiful stories are after
used to make supercapacitors are expensive. Using natural foods ,
the amputation Motha said. He encourages others with
like durians and jackfruits Gomes says could reduce ,”
, , disabilities that they too can do everything There􀆳re a whole
environmental pollution as well as costs. , , :“
, lot of things that you can overcome and that actually define how
1.What makes some countries have different attitudes toward the
strong you are.
durian ”
? 1.What caused the discovery of Motha􀆳s cancer
A.Its smell. B.Its appearance. ?
A.The terrible living environment.
C.Its value. D.Its popularity.
B.The routine medical examination.
2.WhichparagraphmentionsGomes􀆳sinspirationof innovation
? C.The accidental injury to his left leg.
A.Paragraph . B.Paragraph .
1 2 D.The amputation of his left leg.
C.Paragraph . D.Paragraph .
3 4 2.Why does Motha refuse to see himself as a dancer only
3.What does the underlined word them in Paragraph 4 ?
“ ” A.To indicate that dance is no longer his favorite.
refer to
?
B.To inspire the disabled to go beyond themselves.
A.Aerogels. B.Scientific uses.
C.To stress he hasn􀆳t gone outside his comfort zone.
C.Properties. D.Electric currents.
D.To show off his talents in more aspects of his life.
4.What can we learn about fruit⁃based supercapacitors
?
3. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4
A.They are devices for producing electricity.
年 probably mean
B.They are chemicals from durians.
高 ?
A.Everyone can make a difference.
考 C.They are green and economical.
B.Most of our dreams have come true.
D.They are light and liquid.
年
模 答案 C.Not all disabled people are influential.
拟 1.A 2.C 3.A 4.C D.No disabled people have been prejudiced.
4.Which of the following can best describe Motha
?
Passage2 (2022江苏南通基地学校第三次大联考,B) A.Brave and humorous.
学生用书P243 B.Friendly and sociable.
︵
教 Growing up in an underdeveloped zone of Johannesburg C.Humble and creative.
,
师 South Africa Musa Motha says his surroundings weren􀆳t exactly D.Optimistic and ambitious.
用 ,
书 ideal. Soccerwashisfavoritesport andhefondlyremembersthe 答案
,
︶ times he played for the local youth team. But when he was 1.C 2.B 3.A 4.D
10
1 12
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋B.Take the place of.
Passage3 (2022广东深圳外国语学校二检,C) 学生用书P244
C.Perform worse than.
The pandemic has required many people to make difficult D.Stand up to.
judgments. Politicians have had to decide which restrictions to 答案
impose oncitizens􀆳behaviorandindividualswereforcedtoassess 1.D 2.C 3.C 4.A
how much personal risk to take.
Passage4 (2022江苏南通基地学校第三次大联考,D)
Good judgmentisaqualityeveryonewouldliketohave.But
学生用书P245
it isremarkablydifficulttodefineprecisely andmanypeopleare
,
notsurewhethertheypersonallypossessit.SirAndrewLikierman A school􀆳s peace room aims to end fighting in the halls
“ ”
of London Business School has spent a long time talking to By the time Marquita Riley and Aaliyah Hudson
, 16, , 17,
leadersinawiderangeoffieldsinanefforttocreateaframework ended up in their school􀆳s peace room rumors 传闻 had
“ ”, ( )
for understanding judgment. floated through the halls that the two girls were going to fight.
First he hadtodefinetheword. Hesuggeststhatjudgmentis The peace room at Manley is a part of the school􀆳s
the combination of personal qualities with relevant knowledge restorative justice initiative a growing social movement that
“ , ,
and experience to form opinions and make decisions . The amongotherthings focusesonhealingandteachinghowtosolve
” ,
degree of judgment required tends to increase as people take on conflicts. The philosophy aims to bring together victims and
more responsibility. For a chief executive the proportion of offenders to cooperatively work through their problems.
,
decisions involving judgment is high. Deciding not to take action The concept is increasingly being used in schools
,
is also a judgment with potentially serious consequences. community centers and churches in Chicago as a way to teach
Some peoplethinkthatgoodjudgmentisinborn. SirAndrew young people how to analyze their anger. They learn to confront
accepts that some individuals are born with the ability to listen tension before it turns violent. It is also being used as an
,
be self⁃awareandbetterunderstandotherpeople allqualitiesthat alternative to punitive 处罚的 measures like suspensions and
: ( ) ,
make good judgment easier. Others may have the wrong sort of arrests which can lead to more trouble for hurting communities.
,
characteristics a tendency to ignore others stick to rules The idea is that when harm happens or someone
: , “
irrespective of context rush into action without reflection and misbehaves thereneedstobeaprocessofrestorationinorderfor
, ,
struggle to make up their minds. the community to move forward said Ilana Zafran of Umoja
,”
Asartificialintelligencegetsusedformoreandmoreroutine Student Development. Umoja runs restorative justice programs in
tasksintheservicesector exercisingjudgmentmaybeoneofthe Chicago schools.
,
only areas where humans retain an edge over machines. This is The concept forces all sides in a disagreement to
far from certain however. With enough practice machines may communicate and understand one another instead of resorting to
, ,
be able to display the equivalent of good judgment. But then violence. There may still be punishment for wrongdoing but
, ,
perhaps humans can be taught too. In the long run one of the restorative justice emphasizes identifying hurt and thinking of
, ,
trickiest aspects of human judgment may be knowing precisely ways to fix it.
when to let machines make decisions and when to leave it to A lot of our kidsdon􀆳t want to be involved in fights. They
“
people. don􀆳t want to be suspended or away from school Jackson said.
,”
1.Which of the following situations DOESN􀆳T need a person􀆳s We had to create an environment of peace. High school has to
“
judgment be a pleasurable experience for our kids. If they come here and
?
A.Politicians decide restrictions imposed on citizens􀆳 behavior. feel the same anxiety they feel in the streets howcan we expect
,
B.A person assesses what action to take in the face of them to stay
?”
difficulties. Among thepeopletherewereMarquitaandAaliyah thetwo
,
C.A student tries to work out a math problem. girls rumored to begearingupforamajorfight. Afteranother
20
D.A farmer feels hurt when bitten by a snake. minutes of discussion they agreed they had simply
,
2.Which statement is true about Sir Andrew Likierman misunderstood each other. The girls decided they would not
?
A.He talked to leaders with good judgment for his study. fight and promised they would talk it over if they found
,
B.He thinks people are born with good judgment. themselves facing tension again.
C.He thinks being self⁃aware helps with good judgment. 1.What is Manley􀆳s peace room aimed at
?
D.He thinks people with the ability to listen have good A.Preventing rumors from spreading.
judgment. B.Developing students􀆳 team spirit.
3.What may artificial intelligence be able to do according to the C.Helping students restore relations.
passage D.Warning students to behave well.
?
A.To make decisions freely. 2. What may result from lack of restorative justice in
专
B.To finish all the tasks. communities 题
? 十
C.To display good judgment. A.Alternatives to punishment.
D.To leave decisions to humans. B.Violent tension. 推
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4.Which ofthefollowingcouldreplacetheunderlinedphrase C.Processes of restoration.
? 词
A.Have an advantage over. D.Controlled anger. 义
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􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋3.Which can replace the underlined phrase in Paragraph5 1.What doestheunderlinedword prevalent inParagraph2
? “ ”
A.Depending on. probably mean
?
B.Putting up with. A.Unique. B.Crazy.
C.Looking back to. C.Common. D.Doubtful.
D.Making up for. 2.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthestudymentionedinthepassage
?
4.WhydoestheauthorgiveanexampleofMarquitaandAaliyah A.Somepeoplehaveclear knowledgeabout their owninfancy.
?
A.To prove effectiveness of the peace room. B.Added details are an important clue to recall the childhood.
B.To show the harm of campus violence. C.Most people claimed to have memories from age or
2
C.To explain the reason for suspension. younger.
D.To introduce kids􀆳 school experiences. D. Talks between family members influence the earliest
答案 memories.
1.C 2.B 3.A 4.A 3.How did Martin Conway present his opinion
?
A.By making a comparison.
Passage5 (2021湖南六校4月联考,D) 学生用书P246
B.By giving examples.
In a large survey of people􀆳s first memories nearly % of C.By analyzing data.
, 40
participants reported a first memory that is likely to be fictional D.By referring to documents.
,
according to findings published in Psychological Science a 4.What􀆳s the main idea of the text
, ?
journal of the Association for Psychological Science. A.Many people􀆳s earliest memories may be fictional.
Current research indicates that people􀆳s earliest memories B.People􀆳s earliest memories can date back to or younger.
2
date fromaround to . yearsofage. However thestudyfrom C.Middle⁃agedandolderadultsspecializeindetailingtheirfirst
3 35 ,
researchers at City University of London the University of memory.
, ,
Bradford and Nottingham Trent University found that . % of D.Memories develop due to our maturing understanding of the
, 38 6
participants claimed to have memories from age or world.
6,641 2
younger with people claiming memories from age or 答案
, 893 1
younger. This was particularly prevalent among middle⁃aged and 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A
older adults.
Passage6 (2020山东济南外国语学校测试,D)
As many of these memories dated before the age of and
younger the authors suggest that these fictional memorie
2
s are
学生用书P248
,
based on remembered fragments 碎片 of early experience A report found that food waste would increase by a
( ) — 2018
such as a pram 婴儿车 family relationships and feeling sad third to . billion tons by .Beyond the cost of the waste
( ), — 2 1 2030
and some facts or knowledge about their own infancy or itself thrown⁃away food generates a gas that contributes to
,
childhood which may have been derived from photographs or climate change.
family conversations. Homedeliverymealkitscanreducefoodwastebymorethan
Further details may be unconsciously inferred or added two⁃thirds but suppliers need to switch to reusable packaging to
“ ,” ,
added Shazia Akhatr first author on the study and Senior make them environmentally friendly.
,
Research Associate at the University of Bradford. Tailor⁃made meal kits cut waste by providing people with
When we looked through the responses from participants precise amounts of fresh ingredients 原料 for chosen recipes
“ ( ) ,
we found that a lot of these first memories were frequently meaning leftovers are minimized. But while the delivery services
‘ ’
related to infancy and a typical example would be a memory score well on reducing food waste buying the same food
, ,
basedaroundapram explainedMartinConway Directoratthe ingredients from the supermarket almost always saves energy
,” ,
Centre for Memory and Law at City University of London and overall simply because meal kits use so much single⁃use
,
coauthor of the paper. packaging. The good news is that if people have meals that are
For this person this type of memory could have resulted tailored for consumption they won􀆳t overbuy and have less food
“ , ,
from someone saying something like Mother and a large green waste. They fine⁃tune the amount of food to what they will
‘
年 pram . Thepersonthenimagineswhatitwouldhavelookedlike. actually eat.
高 ’
考 Over time these fragments then become a memory and often the Meal kits can reduce transport emissions 排放物 if people
( )
person will starttoaddthingsinsuchasastringoftoysalongthe go to the supermarket less frequently. If people only go and buy
年
top he added. such goods as soap and toilet paper they may only have to visit
模 ,” ,
拟 Crucially the person rememberingthemdoesn􀆳tknowthis once every couple of months. A delivery truck can carry meals
“ ,
is fictional Conway noted. In fact when people are told that for a lot of people in the neighborhood. So dozens of car trips
,”
their memories are false they often don􀆳t believe it. Thisispartly might be replaced with one truck trip.
due to the fact that the systems that allow us to remember things However studies found that even if delivery meal kits
︵ ,
教 are very complex and it􀆳s not until we􀆳re or that we form reduced food waste to zero they would still use up more energy
, 5 6 ,
师
adult⁃like memories due to the way that the brain develops and overall than buying the same food from the supermarket unless
用
书 due to our maturing understanding of the world. the energy usedforthemealkitpackagingwascutbyafifth.The
︶ packaging is a killer if it􀆳s single⁃use and thrown away which
,
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􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋canmakealltheenvironmentalbenefitslost. Butifthepackaging C.Raise. D.Compare.
can be reused if it􀆳s the glass bottle like in the old days we 3.Carrying meals with a delivery truck can .
, , ,
can get some benefits. A.reduce transport emissions
1.What can we learn about home delivery meal kits B.save more food
?
A.They can cut down on daily expenses. C.make people shop only in the supermarket
B.They will totally solve the problem of food waste. D.shorten car trip distances
C.They can keep energy consumption to a minimum. 4.What􀆳s the author􀆳s attitude to meal kits
?
D.They will benefit the environment with reusable packaging. A.Supportive. B.Unfavorable.
2.What does the underlined word fine⁃tune in Paragraph 3 C.Objective. D.Indifferent.
“ ”
mean 答案
?
A.Attach. B.Adjust. 1.D 2.B 3.A 4.C
专
题
十
推
测
词
义
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