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专题十二 猜测词义 5 07
专题十二 猜测词义
A 组 统一命题·课标全国卷题组
Passage1(2021全国乙,B) 词数333 学生用书P215 2.What does the underlined word concede in paragraph
“ ” 3
mean
When almost everyone has a mobile phone why are more ?
, A.Admit. B.Argue.
thanhalfofAustralianhomesstillpayingforalandline 座机
( )? C.Remember. D.Remark.
These days youd be hard pressed to find anyone in
3.What can we say about Baby Boomers
Australia overtheageof whodoesntownamobilephone. In ?
15 A.They like smartphone games.
fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically
B.They enjoy guessing callers identity.
everyone can make and receive calls anywhere anytime.
, C.They keep using landline phones.
Still percent of Australians have a landline phone at
, 55 D.They are attached to their family.
home and only just over a quarter % rely only on their
(29 ) 4.What can be inferred about the landline from the last
smartphones according to a survey 调 查 . Of those
paragraph
, ( )
?
Australianswhostillhavealandline athirdconcedethatitsnot A.It remains a family necessity.
,
really necessary and theyre keeping it as a security blanket B.It will fall out of use some day.
—19
percent saytheyneveruseitwhileafurther percentkeepitin C.It may increase daily expenses.
13
case of emergencies.I think my home falls into that category. D.It is as important as the gas light.
More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to 答案
stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor 因素 1.B
( )—
only percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and 2.A
58
then compared to percent of Baby Boomers whove perhaps 3.C
, 84
had the same home number for years. Age isnt the only 4.B
50
factor Id say its also to do with the makeup of your
; Passage2(2021全国甲,C) 词数356 学生用书P215
household.
When Iwas wepackedupourhomeinLosAngelesand
Generation Xers with young families like my wife and I 9,
, , arrived at Heathrow London on a gray January morning.
can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than ,
Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me.
providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said
, Without mybelovedbeachesandendlessblue⁃skydays Ifeltat
to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are ,
a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.
our Baby Boomers parents to the point where we play a game
, Southbank at aneasternbendintheThames isthecenter
and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone using , ,
( of British skateboarding where the continuous crashing of
Caller ID would take the fun out of it . ,
) skateboards left your head ringing. I loved it. I soon made
How attached are you to your landline How long until
? friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And
theygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilkdeliveries
my favorite Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant
?
:
1.What does paragraph mainly tell us about mobile phones dont worry about it. Once when trying a certain trick on the
2 ? ,
A.Their target users. beam 横杆 I fell onto the stones damaging a nerve in my
( ), ,
B.Their wide popularity. hand andTobycameover helpingmeup Safe man. Safe. A
, , : ,
C.Their major functions. few minuteslater whenIlandedthetrick myfriendsbeattheir
, ,
D.Their complex design. boards loud shouting Safe Safe Safe And thats what
, : “ ! ! !”
5 08 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
mattered landing tricks being a good skater. older I get the more I feel time has wings. But with reading
— , , ,
When I was my family moved to Washington. I tried its all about the present. Its about the now and what one
15,
skateboarding there but the locals were far less welcoming. contributes to the now because reading is a give and take
, ,
Within a couple of years Id given it up. between author and reader. Each has to pull their own weight.
,
When I returned to London in I found myself There are three books I reread annually. The first which I
2004, ,
wandering down to Southbank spending hours there. Ive take to reading every spring is Ernest Hemingways A
, ,
traveled backseveraltimessince mostrecentlythispastspring. Moveable Feast. Published in its his classic memoir of
, 1964,
The day was cold but clear tourists and Londoners stopped to sParis. Thelanguageisalmostintoxicating 令人陶醉的
; 1920 ( ),
watch the skaters. Weaving 穿梭 among the kids who rushed an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time.
( )
by on their boards I found my way to the beam. Then a rail⁃ Another is Annie Dillards Holy the Firm her poetic
, , 1975
thin teenager in a baggy white T⁃shirt skidded 滑 up to the ramble 随笔 about everything and nothing. The third book is
, , ( ) ( )
beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next Julio Cortzars Save Twilight Selected Poems because poetry.
: ,
to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. I was a local And because Cortzar.
“
here years ago I told him. Then slowly he began to nod While I tend to buy a lot of books these three were
20 ,” , , ,
his head. Safe man. Safe. given to me as gifts which mightadd to the meaning Iattach
“ , ” ,
Yeah I said. Safe. to them. ButIimaginethat while moneyisindeedwonderful
“ ,” “ ” ,
1.What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to and necessary rereading an authors work is the highest
,
London currency a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones
?
A.He felt disappointed. that open further as time passes. But remember its you that
,
B.He gave up his hobby. has to grow and read and reread in order to better understand
C.He liked the weather there. your friends.
D.He had disagreements with his family. 1.Why does the author like rereading
?
2. What do the underlined words Safe Safe Safe A.It evaluates the writer⁃reader relationship.
“ ! ! !”
probably mean B.Its a window to a whole new world.
?
A.Be careful B.Well done C.Its a substitute for drinking with a friend.
! !
C.No way D.Dont worry D.It extends the understanding of oneself.
! !
3.Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he 2.What do we know about the book A Moveable Feast
?
returned to London A.Its a brief account of a trip.
?
A.To join the skateboarding. B.Its about Hemingways life as a young man.
B.To make new friends. C.Its a record of a historic event.
C.To learn more tricks. D.Its about Hemingways friends in Paris.
D.To relive his childhood days. 3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword currency inparagraph
“ ” 4
4.What message does the author seem to convey in the text refer to
? ?
A.Children should learn a second language. A.Debt. B.Reward.
B.Sport is necessary for childrens health. C.Allowance. D.Face value.
C.Children need a sense of belonging. 4.What can we infer about the author from the text
?
D.Seeing the world is a must for children. A.He loves poetry. B.Hes an editor.
答案 C.Hes very ambitious. D.He teaches reading.
1.A 答案
2.B 1.D
3.D 2.B
4.C 3.B
4.A
Passage3(2020课标全国Ⅰ,B) 词数324 学生用书P216
Returning to a book youve read many times can feel like Passage4(2020课标全国Ⅱ,C) 词数369 学生用书P216
drinks with an old friend. Theres a welcome familiarity but When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the
—
also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you environmentalist on your holiday list fur probably didnt cross
,
both and thus the relationship. But books dont change people your mind. But some ecologists and fashion 时装 enthusiasts
, , ( )
do. And thats what makes the act of rereading so rich and are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria 海
(
transformative. 狸鼠 .
)
The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have
the work is based on our present mental register. Its true the showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. It
, “
专题十二 猜测词义 5 09
sounds crazy to talk about guilt⁃free fur unless you understand Passage5(2020课标全国Ⅲ,B) 词数280 学生用书P217
—
that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year says
,” When Rise of the Planet of the Apes was first shown to
Cree McCree project director of Righteous Fur. “ ”
, the public last month a group of excited animal activists
Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided ,
gathered on Hollywood Boulevard. But they werent there to
to pay hunters $ a tail. Some of the fur ends up in the fashion
5 throw red paint on fur⁃coat⁃wearing film stars. Instead one
shows like the one in Brooklyn last month. ,
activist dressed in a full⁃body monkey suit had arrived with a
Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers , ,
sign praising the filmmakers Thanks for not using real apes
and let go into the wild. The ecosystem down there cant :“
“ 猿
handle this non⁃native species 物种 . Its destroying the ( )!”
( ) The creativeteambehind Apes usedmotion⁃capture 动作
environment. Its them or us says Michael Massimi an expert “ ” (
,” , 捕捉 technology to create digitalized animals spending tens of
in this field. ) ,
millions of dollars on technology that records an actors
The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades but when
, performance and later processes it with computer graphics to
the market for nutria collapsed in the late s the cat⁃sized
1980 , create a final image 图像 . In this case one of a realistic⁃
animals multiplied like crazy. ( ) ,
looking ape.
Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program
Yet Apes is more exception than the rule. In fact
for Louisiana. He says its not easy to convince people that “ ” ,
Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately. One nonprofit
nutria fur is green but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring
, organization which monitors the treatment of animals in filmed
in more than nutria tails a year so part of Moutons ,
300,000 , entertainment is keeping tabs on more than productions
job these days is trying to promote fur. , 2,000
this year. Already a number of films including Water for
Then theresRighteousFuranditsunusualfashions. Model , , “
Elephants The Hangover Part and Zookeeper have
PaigeMorgansays Togivepeopleaguilt⁃freeoptionthatthey ,” “ Ⅱ” “ ,”
,“ drawn theangerofactivistswhosaythecreaturesactinginthem
can wear without someone throwing paint on them I think
— havent been treated properly.
thats going to be a massive thing at least here in New York.
, ” In some cases its not so much the treatment of the
Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come ,
animals on set in the studio that has activists worried its the
around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is ;
off⁃set training and living conditions that are raising concerns.
morally acceptable. Shes trying to come up with a label to
And there are questionsaboutthe filmsmade outsidethe States
attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco⁃friendly. ,
which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions
1.What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and
filmed in the States.
Brooklyn
? 1.Why did theanimalactivistsgatheronHollywoodBoulevard
A.To promote guilt⁃free fur. ?
A.To see famous film stars.
B.To expand the fashion market.
B.To oppose wearing fur coats.
C.To introduce a new brand.
C.To raise money for animal protection.
D.To celebrate a winter holiday.
D.To express thanks to some filmmakers.
2.Why are scientists concerned about nutria
? 2.What does paragraph mainly talk about
A.Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously. 2 ?
A.The cost of making Apes.
B.Nutria are an endangered species. “ ”
B.The creation of digitalized apes.
C.Nutria hurt local cat⁃sized animals.
C.The publicity about Apes.
D.Nutria are illegally hunted. “ ”
D.The performance of real apes.
3.What does the underlined word collapsed in paragraph
“ ” 3.What does the underlined phrase keeping tabs on in
probably mean “ ”
5 ? paragraph probably mean
A.Boomed. B.Became mature. 3 ?
A.Listing completely.
C.Remained stable. D.Crashed.
B.Directing professionally.
4.What can we infer about wearing fur in New York according
C.Promoting successfully.
to Morgan
? D.Watching carefully.
A.Its formal. B.Its risky.
4.What can we infer from the last paragraph about animal
C.Its harmful. D.Its traditional.
actors
答案 ?
A.They may be badly treated.
1.A
B.They should take further training.
2.A
C.They could be traded illegally.
3.D
D.They would lose popularity.
4.B
5 10 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
答案 C.Caring. D.Demanding.
1.D 答案
2.B 1.B
3.D 2.A
4.A 3.A
4.C
Passage6(2019课标全国Ⅰ,B) 词数329 学生用书P217
For Canaan Elementarys second grade in Patchogue N. Passage7(2019课标全国Ⅱ,A) 词数264 学生用书P218
,
Y. today is speech day and right now its Chris Palaezs turn. My Favourite Books
, ,
The ⁃year⁃old isthe jokerofthe class. Withshiningdarkeyes Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co⁃author of the
8 ,
he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking. This Book Will series 系列 of lifestyle books. Here she picks
( )
But hes nervous. Im here to tell you today why you her top reads.
“
should...should... Chris trips on the ⁃ld a pronunciation Matilda
” “ ,”
difficulty for many non⁃native English speakers. His teacher Roald Dahl
,
Thomas Whaley is next to him whispering support. ...Vote IoncewroteapaperontheinfluenceoffairytalesonRoald
, , “
for...me... Except for some stumbles Chris is doing amazingly Dahls writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange
” ,
well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion Whaley and delightful worlds. Matildas battles with her cruel parents
,
invites the rest of the class to praise him. and the bossyheadmistress MissTrunchbull are equallyfunny
, ,
A son of immigrants Chris started learning English a little and frightening but theyre also aspirational.
, ,
over three years ago. Whaley recalls 回想起 how at the After Dark
( )
beginning of the year when called upon to read Chris would Haruki Murakami
, ,
excuse himself to go to the bathroom. Itsabouttwosisters Eri amodelwhoeitherwontorcant
— ,
Learning English as a second language can be a painful stop sleeping and Mari a young student. In trying to connect to
, ,
experience. What youneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumake her sister Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of
,
mistakes. It takes a lot for any student Whaley explains diverse night people who are hiding secrets.
“ ,” , “ ”
especially for a student who is learning English as their new Gone Girl
“
language to feel confident enough to say I dont know but I Gillian Flynn
, ,‘ ,
want to know. There was a bit of me that didnt want to love this when
’”
Whaley got the idea of this second⁃grade presidential everyone else on the planet did but the horror story is brilliant.
,
campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise Theres tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and
their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The Amy battleforyourtrust. Itsarealwhodunitandthefrustration
answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more when you realise whats going on is horribly enjoyable.
than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these The Stand
kids to learn to boast 夸耀 about themselves. Stephen King
( )
Boastingaboutyourself andyourbestqualities Whaley This is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best
“ , ,”
says is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom storytellers around. Afteraseriousfluoutbreakwipesout . %
,“ 994
not feeling confident. of the worlds population a battle unfolds between good and
” ,
1.What made Chris nervous evil among those left. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest
?
A.Telling a story. B.Making a speech. characters ever.
C.Taking a test. D.Answering a question. 1.Who does I refer to in the text
“ ” ?
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword stumbles inparagraph A.Stephen King. B.Gillian Flynn.
“ ” 2
refer to C.Jo Usmar. D.Roald Dahl.
?
A.Improper pauses. B.Bad manners. 2.Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri
?
C.Spelling mistakes. D.Silly jokes. A.Cosmopolitan. B.Matilda.
3. We can infer that the purpose of Whaleys project is C.After Dark. D.The Stand.
to . 3.What kind of book is Gone Girl
?
A.help students see their own strengths A.A folk tale. B.A biography.
B.assess students public speaking skills C.A love story. D.A horror story.
C.prepare students for their future jobs 答案
D.inspire students love for politics 1.C
4.Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher 2.C
?
A.Humorous. B.Ambitious. 3.D
专题十二 猜测词义 5 11
答案
Passage8(2019课标全国Ⅱ,B) 词数338 学生用书P218 1.C
You can use me as a last resort 选择 and if nobody 2.B
“ ( ),
else volunteers thenIwilldoit. Thiswasanactualreplyfrom 3.D
, ”
a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids 4.B
lacrosse 长曲棍球 club.
I g ( uess that ) theres probably some demanding work Passage9(2019课标全国Ⅲ,B) 词数313 学生用书P219
schedule or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an For Westerndesigners Chinaanditsrichculturehavelong
, ,
unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try been an inspiration for Western creative.
againandtugattheheartstrings. Imentionthesingleparentwith Its no secret that China has always been a source 来源
“ ( )
four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a of inspiration for designers says Amanda Hill chief creative
,” ,
team that his kids arent even on...At this point the unwilling officer at A E Networks a global media company and home to
+ ,
parent speaks up Alright. Yes Ill do it. some of the biggest fashion 时尚 shows.
, “ , ” ( )
Im secretly relieved because I know theres real power in Earlier this year the China Through A Looking Glass
,
sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling exhibition in New York exhibited pieces of China⁃inspired
140
parent organizes the meal schedule sends out emails and fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art with the
, , ,
collects money for end⁃of⁃season gifts. Somewhere along the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics 美学 on
( )
way the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable
,
of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance
,
other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.
Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as China is impossible to overlook says Hill. Chinese
“ ,” “
exciting as watching your own kid score a goal. models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell
Still most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when dreams to women all over the world which means Chinese
, ,
the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep women arenotjustconsumersoffashion theyarecentraltoits
—
understanding of why the same people keep coming back for movement. Of course not only are todays top Western
” ,
more Connecting to the community 社区 as you freely give designers beinginfluencedbyChina someofthebestdesigners
: ( ) —
your time money skills or services provides a real joy. of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese. Vera Wang
, , , “ ,
Volunteering just feels so good. Alexander Wang Jason Wu are taking on Galliano Albaz
, , ,
In that sense Im pretty sure volunteering is more of a Marc Jacobs and beating them hands down in design and
, —
selfish act than Id freely like to admit. However if others sales adds Hill.
, ,”
benefit in the process and I get some reward too does it really For Hill it is impossible not to talk about China as the
, , ,
matter where my motivation lies leading player when discussing fashion. The most famous
? “
1.What can we infer about the parent from her reply in designers are Chinese so are the models and so are the
, ,
paragraph consumers she says. China is no longer just another market
1? ,” “ ;
A.She knows little about the club. in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about
B.She isnt good at sports. fashion today you are talking about China its influences its
, — ,
C.She just doesnt want to volunteer. direction itsbreathtakingclothes andhowyoungdesignersand
, ,
D.Shes unable to meet her schedule. models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.
”
2.What does the underlined phrase tug at the heartstrings 1.What can we learn about the exhibition in New York
“ ” ?
in paragraph mean A.It promoted the sales of artworks.
2 ?
A.Encourage teamwork. B.Appeal to feelings. B.It attracted a large number of visitors.
C.Promote good deeds. D.Provide advice. C.It showed ancient Chinese clothes.
3.What can we learn about the parent from paragraph D.It aimed to introduce Chinese models.
3?
A.She gets interested in lacrosse. 2.What does Hill say about Chinese women
?
B.She is proud of her kids. A.They are setting the fashion.
C.Shell work for another season. B.They start many fashion campaigns.
D.She becomes a good helper. C.They admire super models.
4.Why does the author like doing volunteer work D.They do business all over the world.
?
A.It gives her a sense of duty. 3.What do theunderlinedwords takingon inparagraph4
“ ”
B.It makes her very happy. mean
?
C.It enables her to work hard. A.learning from B.looking down on
D.It brings her material rewards. C.working with D.competing against
5 12 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
4.What can be a suitable title for the text 2. Which of the following best explains “dominant”
?
A.Young Models Selling Dreams to the World underlined in paragraph 2
?
B.A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York A.Complex. B.Advanced. C.Powerful. D.Modern.
C.Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics 3.How many languages are spoken by less than people at
6,000
D.Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends present
?
答案 A.About . B.About .
6,800 3,400
1.B C.About . D.About .
2,400 1,200
2.A 4.What is the main idea of the text
?
3.D A.New languages will be created.
4.D B.Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C.Human development results in fewer languages.
Passage10(2018课标全国Ⅰ,C) 词数294 学生用书P219 D.Geography determines language evolution.
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of 答案
years but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot 1.B
,
more going. When the world was still populated by hunter⁃ 2.C
gatherers small tightlyknit 联系 groupsdevelopedtheirown 3.B
, , ( )
patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language 4.C
experts believe that years ago when the world had just
10,000 , Passage11(2018课标全国Ⅱ,B) 词数258 学生用书P220
five totenmillionpeople theyspokeperhaps languages
, 12,000
between them. Many of us love July because its the month when natures
Soon afterwards many of those people started settling berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and
,
down to become farmers and their languages too became more sweet jewels from British Columbias fields are little
,
settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries trade powerhouses of nutritional protection.
, ,
industrialisation the development of the nation⁃state and the Of the common berries strawberries are highest in vitamin
, ,
spread of universal compulsory education especially C although because of their seeds raspberries contain a little
, , , ,
globalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades moreprotein 蛋白质 ironandzinc notthatfruitshave much
, ( ), (
all have caused many languages to disappear and dominant protein . Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants 抗氧
, ) (
languages suchasEnglish SpanishandChineseareincreasingly 化物质 . Theyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesare
, )
taking over. high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are
At present the world has about languages. The antioxidants. Asforcherries 樱桃 theyaresodelicious. Who
, 6,800 ( ),
distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general cares However they are rich in vitamin C.
? ,
rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages often Whencombinedwithberriesorslicesofotherfruits frozen
, ,
spoken by many people while hot wet zones have lots often bananas make an excellent base for thick cooling fruit shakes
, , , ,
spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around and low fat ice cream . For this purpose select ripe bananas
200 “ ” ,
languages the Americas about Africa and Asia for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and
; 1,000; 2,400;
and the Pacific perhaps of which Papua New Guinea placetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze. Ifyoulike a
3,200, ,
alone accountsforwellover . The mediannumber 中位数 squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them
800 ( )
of speakers is a mere which means that half the worlds turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks
6,000, ,
languages are spoken by fewer people than that. depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.
Already well over of the total of languages are If youhaveajuicer youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananas
400 6,800 ,
close toextinction 消亡 withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft. and some berries or sliced fruit. Out comes a soft⁃serve
( ), “ ”
creamy dessert to be eaten right away. This makes a fun
Pick at random Busuu in Cameroon eight remaining
,
, , (
activity for a childrens party they love feeding the fruit and
speakers Chiapaneco in Mexico Lipan Apache in the
;
), (150),
frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice
United States two or three or Wadjigu in Australia one with
( ) ( ,
cream come out below.
a question⁃mark none of these seems to have much chance of
):
1.What does the author seem to like about cherries
survival.
?
A.They contain protein.
1.What can we infer about languages in hunter⁃gatherer times
?
B.They are high in vitamin A.
A.They developed very fast.
C.They have a pleasant taste.
B.They were large in number.
D.They are rich in antioxidants.
C.They had similar patterns.
2.Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas
D.They were closely connected.
?
A.To make them smell better.
专题十二 猜测词义 5 13
B.To keep their colour. 2.What made Georgia agree to sell some of her objects
?
C.To speed up their ripening. A.Saving up for her holiday.
D.To improve their nutrition. B.Raising money for a poor girl.
3.What is a juicer in the last paragraph C.Adding the money to her fund.
“ ” ?
A.A dessert. B.A drink. D.Giving the money to a sick mother.
C.A container. D.A machine. 3.Why did the author play the ball with Shepherd
?
4.From which is the text probably taken A.To try out an idea.
?
A.A biology textbook. B.To show a parents love.
B.A health magazine. C.To train his attention.
C.A research paper. D.To help him start a hobby.
D.A travel brochure. 4.What can be a suitable title for the text
?
答案 A.Take It or Leave It
1.C B.A Lesson from Kids
2.B C.Live More with Less
3.D D.The Pleasure of Giving
4.B 答案
1.A
Passage12(2018课标全国Ⅲ,D) 词数304 学生用书P220 2.C
Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with 3.A
objects. Why do we often assume that more is more when it 4.C
comes to kidsandtheirbelongings ThegoodnewsisthatIcan
help my own kids learn earlier than ? I did how to live more with Passage13(2017课标全国Ⅰ,D) 词数311 学生用书P221
less. A build⁃it⁃yourself solar still 蒸馏器 is one of the best
( )
I found the pre⁃holidays a good time to encourage young ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not
children to donate less⁃used things and it worked. Because of readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U. S.
,
our efforts our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large Department of Agriculture its an excellent water collector.
, ,
bag of toys to a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for Unfortunately you must carry the necessary equipment with
,
her holiday due to illness. She chose to sell a few larger objects you since its all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The
,
that were less often used when we promised to put the money only components required though area ′ ′sheetofclearor
, , 5 ×5
intoherschoolfund 基金 ourkindergartendaughterisserious slightly milky plastic sixfeetofplastictube andacontainer
( )( , , —
about becoming a doctor . perhaps just a drinking cup to catch the water. These pieces
) —
For weeks Ivebeenthinkingofbigger deeperquestions can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.
, , :
How do we make it a habit for them And how do we train Toconstructaworkingstill useasharpstickorrocktodig
? ,
ourselves to help them live with need and use less a hole four feetacrossandthreefeetdeep. Trytomakethehole
, , ?
Yesterday I sat with my son Shepherd determined to test my inadampareatoincreasethewatercatchersproductivity. Place
, , ,
own theory onthis. Idecidedtoplaywithhimwithonlyonetoy your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in
for as long as it would keep his interest. I expected that one toy place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of
would keep his attention for about five minutes ten minutes the line runs up and out the side of the hole.
, , — —
max. I chose a red rubber ball simple universally available. Next covertheholewiththeplasticsheet securingtheedges
— , , ,
We passed it he tried to put it in his mouth he tried bouncing of theplasticwithdirtandweightingthesheetscenterdownwitha
, ,
it rolling it sitting on it throwing it. It was totally rock. The plastic should now form a cone 圆锥体 with ⁃
, , , , ( ) 45
completely enough forhim. BeforeIknewitanhourhadpassed degree⁃angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered
and it was time to move on to lunch. directly over and no more than three inches above the cup.
, ,
We both became absorbed in the simplicity of playing The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the
together. He had my full attention and I had his. My little plastic. Ground water evaporates 蒸发 and collects on the
( )
experiment to find joy in a single object worked for both of us. sheet until small drops of water form run down the material
, ,
1.What do the words “more is more” in paragraph 1 and fall off into the cup. When the container is full you can
,
probably mean suck the refreshment out through the tube and wont have to
? ,
A.The more the better. break down the still every time you need a drink.
,
B.Enough is enough. 1.Whatdoweknowaboutthesolarstillequipmentfromthefirst
C.More money more worries. paragraph
, ?
D.Earn more and spend more. A.Its delicate. B.Its expensive.
5 14 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
C.Its complex. D.Its portable. 2.Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship
?
2.What does the underlined phrase the water catcher in A.They were of the same age.
“ ”
paragraph 2 refer to B.They worked in the same theater.
?
A.The tube. B.The still. C.The hole. D.The cup. C.They were both good actors.
3.What is the last step of constructing a working solar still D.They had similar characteristics.
?
A.Dig a hole of a certain size. 3.What does the underlined word that in paragraph 3
“ ”
B.Put the cup in place. refer to
?
C.Weight the sheets center down. A.Their belief.
D.Cover the hole with the plastic sheet. B.Their care for children.
4.When a solar still works drops of water come into the cup C.Their success.
,
from . D.Their support for each other.
A.the plastic tube B.outside the hole 4.What is the authors purpose in writing the text
?
C.the open air D.beneath the sheet A.To show his love of films.
答案 B.To remember a friend.
1.D C.To introduce a new movie.
2.B D.To share his acting experience.
3.C 答案
4.D 1.C
2.D
Passage14(2017课标全国Ⅱ,B) 词数289 学生用书P221 3.A
I first met Paul Newman in when George Roy Hill 4.B
1968, ,
the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid introduced
us in New York City. When the studio didnt want , me for the Passage15(2017课标全国Ⅲ,C) 词数291 学生用书P222
film it wanted somebody as well known as Paul he stood up After years of heated debate gray wolves were reintroduced
— — ,
for me. I dont know how many people would have done that to Yellowstone National Park. Fourteen wolves were caught in
;
they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers. Canada and transported to the park. By last year the Yellowstone
,
The friendship that grew out of the experience of making wolf population had grown to more than wolves.
170
that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the
that although there was an age difference we both came from a Yellowstone areaandmuchofthecontinentalUnitedStates but
, ,
tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft 技 they were gradually displaced by human development. By the
(
艺 andfocusedondiggingintothecharactersweweregoingto s wolveshadpracticallydisappearedfrom theYellowstone
) 1920 ,
play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada
,
American actors humorous aggressive and making fun of where there were fewer humans around.
: , ,
eachother butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection. Thosewere The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected
—
also at the core 核心 of our relationship off the screen. results. Deerandelkpopulations majorfoodsources 来源 for
( ) — ( )
Wesharedthebeliefthatifyourefortunateenoughtohave the wolf grew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts
—
success youshouldputsomethingback hewithhisNewmans of vegetation 植被 which reduced plant diversity in the park.
, — ( ),
Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are In the absence of wolves coyote populations also grew quickly.
,
seriously ill and me with Sundance and the institute and the The coyotes killed a large percentage of the parks red foxes
, ,
festival. Paul and I didnt see each other all that regularly but and completely drove away the parks beavers.
,
sharing that brought us together. We supported each other As early as biologists asked the government to
1966,
financially and by showing up at events. consider reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone Park. They hoped
I last saw him a few months ago. Hed been in and out of that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote
the hospital. He and I both knew what the deal was and we problems. Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared
,
didnt talk aboutit. Ourswasarelationshipthatdidntneedalot that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.
of words. The government spent nearly years coming up with a
30
1.Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to the author at plan to reintroduce the wolves. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife
first Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in
?
A.Paul Newman wanted it. Yellowstone. Today the debate continues over how well the
,
B.The studio powers didnt like his agent. gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone. Elk deer and coyote
, ,
C.He wasnt famous enough. populations are down while beavers and red foxes have made a
,
D.The director recommended someone else. comeback. The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable
专题十二 猜测词义 5 15
experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce B.A decline in the parks income.
wolves to other parts of the country as well. C.Preservation of vegetation.
1.What is the text mainly about D.An increase in the variety of animals.
?
A.Wildlife research in the United States. 4.What is the authors attitude towards the Yellowstone wolf
B.Plant diversity in the Yellowstone area. project
?
C.The conflict between farmers and gray wolves. A.Doubtful. B.Positive.
D.The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park. C.Disapproving. D.Uncaring.
2.What does the underlined word displaced in paragraph 答案
“ ” 2
mean 1.D
?
A.Tested. B.Separated. 2.C
C.Forced out. D.Tracked down. 3.A
3.What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about 4.B
?
A.Damage to local ecology.
B 组 新高考卷、省(区、市)卷题组
Passage1(2021新高考Ⅰ,C) 词数305 学生用书P222 C.Pollution of rivers.
D.Arrival of other wild animals.
When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of
2.What does the underlined word decimate mean in the
North America the skies and lands were alive with an “ ”
, first paragraph
astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care ?
A.Acquire. B.Export.
of thesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely. Unfortunately ittook
, C.Destroy. D.Distribute.
the explorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadesto
3.What is a direct result of the Act passed in
decimate a large part of these resources. Millions of waterfowl 1934?
A.The stamp price has gone down.
水禽 werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandful
( )
B.The migratory birds have flown away.
of overly ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands
C.The hunters have stopped hunting.
were dried to feed and house the ever⁃increasing populations
,
D.The government has collected money.
greatly reducing waterfowl habitat 栖息地 .
( )
4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
In with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting
?
1934,
A.The Federal Duck Stamp Story
Stamp Act Act an increasingly concerned nation took firm
( ),
B.The National Wildlife Refuge System
action to stop the destruction of migratory 迁徙的 waterfowl
( )
C.The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl
and the wetlands so vital to their survival. Under this Act all
,
waterfowl hunters years of age and over must annually D.The History of Migratory Bird Hunting
16
答案
purchase andcarryaFederalDuckStamp. TheveryfirstFederal
Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. Ding Darling a political 1.A
“ ” ,
cartoonist from Des Moines Iowa who at that time was 2.C
, ,
appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the 3.D
Bureau of Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp 4.A
price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
Passage2(2021浙江,B) 词数312 学生用书P223
About cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly
98
into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands We live in a town with three beaches. There are two parks
and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife less than minutes walk from home where neighbourhood
10
Refuge System a fact that ensures this land will be protected children gather to play. However what my children want to do
— ,
and available for all generations to come. Since better after school is pick up a screen any screen and stare at it for
1934, — —
than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase hours. They are notalone. Todayschildrenspendanaverageof
more than million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal four and a half hours a day looking at screens split between
5 ,
Duck Stamp Program hasbeencalledone ofthe mostsuccessful watching television and using the Internet.
conservation programs ever initiated. In the past few years an increasing number of people and
,
1.What wasacauseofthewaterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorth organisations have begun coming up with plans to counter this
America trend. A couple of years ago film⁃maker David Bond realised
? ,
A.Loss of wetlands. that his children then aged five and three were attached to
, ,
B.Popularity of water sports. screens to the point where he was able to say chocolate into
“ ”
5 16 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
his three⁃year⁃old sons ear without getting a response. He world of weak or narrow AI to create strong or full
“ ” “ ” , “ ” “ ”
realised that something needed to change and being a London AI or whatisoftencalledartificialgeneralintelligence AGI .
, , , ( )
media type appointed himself marketing director for Nature . In some respects todays powerful computing machines already
, “ ” ,
He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a make ourbrainslookweak. AGIcould itsadvocatessay work
, ,
brand to be marketed to young people. The result was Project for us around the clock and drawing on all available data
, ,
Wild Thing a film which charts the birth of the Wild Network could suggest solutions to many problems. DM a company
, , ,
a group of organisations with the common goal of getting focused on the development of AGI has an ambition to solve
, “
children out into nature. intelligence . If were successful their mission statement
” “ ,”
Just five more minutes outdoors can make a difference reads we believe this will be one of the most important and
“ ,” , “
David Bond says. There is a lot of really interesting evidence widely beneficial scientific advances ever made.
“ ”
which seems to be suggesting that if children are inspired up to Since the early days of AI imagination has outpaced what
,
the age of seven then being outdoors will be a habit for life. is possible or even probable. In an imaginative
, ” 1965,
His ownchildrenhavegotintothehabitofplayingoutsidenow mathematiciancalledIrvingGoodpredictedtheeventualcreation
:
We just send them out into the garden and tell them not to of an ultra⁃intelligent machine...that can far surpass all the
“ “
come back in for a while. intellectual 智力的 activities of any man however clever.
” ( ) , ”
Summer is upon us. There is an amazing world out there Good went on to suggest that the first ultra⁃intelligent
, “
and it needs our children as much as they need it. Let us get machine could be the last invention that man need ever
” “
them out and let them play. make.
”
1.What is the problem with the authors children Fears about the appearance of bad powerful man⁃made
? , ,
A.They often annoy the neighbours. intelligent machines have been reinforced 强化 by many
( )
B.They are tired of doing their homework. works of fiction Mary Shelleys Frankenstein and the
—
C.They have no friends to play with. Terminator film series for example. But if AI does eventually
,
D.They stay in front of screens for too long. prove to be our downfall it is unlikely to be at the hands of
,
2.How did David Bond advocate his idea human⁃shaped forms like these with recognisably human
? ,
A.By making a documentary film. motivations such as aggression 敌对行为 . Instead I agree
( ) ,
B.By organizing outdoor activities. with OxfordUniversityphilosopherNickBostrom whobelieves
,
C.By advertising in London media. that the heaviest risks from AGI do not come from a decision to
D.By creating a network of friends. turn against mankind but rather from a dogged pursuit of set
3.Which of the following can replace the underlined word objectives at the expense of everything else.
charts in paragraph 2 The promise and danger of true AGI are great. But all of
“ ” ?
A.records B.predicts C.delays D.confirms todays excited discussion about these possibilities presupposes
4.What can be a suitable title for the text thefactthatwewillbeabletobuildthesesystems. And having
? ,
A.Let Children Have Fun spoken to many of the worlds foremost AI researchers I
,
B.Young Children Need More Free Time believe there is good reason to doubt that we will see AGI any
C.Market Nature to Children time soon if ever.
,
D.David Bond A Role Model for Children 1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword ubiquitous inParagraph
: “ ”
答案 probably mean
1 ?
1.D A.Enormous in quantity.
2.A B.Changeable daily.
3.A C.Stable in quality.
4.C D.Present everywhere.
2.What could AGI do for us according to its supporters
Passage3(2020北京,D) 词数408 学生用书P223 A.Help to tackle problems. , ?
Certain forms of AI are indeed becoming ubiquitous. For B.Make brains more active.
example algorithms 算法 carry out huge volumes of trading C.Benefit ambitious people.
, ( )
on our financial markets self⁃driving cars are appearing on city D.Set up powerful databases.
,
streets andoursmartphonesaretranslatingfromonelanguageinto 3.AsforIrvingGoodsopiniononultra⁃intelligentmachines the
, ,
another. These systems are sometimes faster and more perceptive author is .
than we humans are. But so far that is only true for the specific A.supportive B.disapproving
tasks for which the systems havebeendesigned. That issomething C.fearful D.uncertain
that some AI developers are noweager to change. 4.What can be inferred about AGI from the passage
?
Some oftodaysAIpioneerswanttomoveonfrom todays A.It may be only a dream.
专题十二 猜测词义 5 17
B.It will come into being soon. C.To find out what she would do in the two tests.
C.It will be controlled by humans. D.To study why she could keep her weight down.
D.It may be more dangerous than ever. 4.On what basis do we adjust the influence according to the
“ ”
答案 last paragraph
?
1.D A.How hungry we are.
2.A B.How slim we want to be.
3.B C.How we perceive others.
4.A D.How we feel about the food.
答案
Passage4(2020新高考Ⅰ,D) 词数343 学生用书P224 1.D
According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer 2.D
Research both the size and consumption habits of our eating 3.A
,
companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to 4.C
existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier
people who order large portions 份 its the beanpoles with Passage5(2020江苏,C) 词数401 学生用书P225
( ),
big appetites you really need to avoid. Forthosewhocanstomachit workingoutbeforebreakfast
,
To test the effect of social influence on eating habits the may be more beneficial for health than eating first according to
, ,
researchers conducted two experiments. In the first a study of meal timing and physical activity.
, 95
undergraduate women were individually invited into a lab to Athletes and scientists have long known that meal timing
ostensibly 表面上 participate in a study about movie affects performance. However far less has been known about
( ) ,
viewership. Before the film began each woman was asked to how meal timing and exercise might affect general health.
,
help herself to a snack. An actor hired by the researchers To find out British scientists conducted a study. They first
,
grabbed her food first. In her natural state the actor weighed found overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young
, 10
pounds. But in half the cases she wore a specially designed men whose lifestyles are for better and worse representative
105 , , ,
fat suit which increased her weight to pounds. of those of most of us. They tested the mens fitness and resting
180
Both the fat and thin versions of the actor took a large metabolic 新陈代谢的 rates and took samples 样品 of their
( ) ( )
amount of food. The participants followed suit taking more blood and fat tissue.
,
food than they normally would have. However they took Then on two separate morning visits to the scientists lab
, , ,
significantly more when the actor was thin. each man walked for an hour at an average speed that in theory
, ,
For the second test in one case the thin actor took two should allowhis body torelymainlyonfatforfuel.Beforeoneof
,
pieces of candy from the snack bowls. In the other case she these workouts the men skipped breakfast meaning that they
, , ,
took pieces. The results were similar to the first test the exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight
30 :
participantsfollowedsuitbuttooksignificantlymorecandywhen fast 禁食 . On the other occasion they ate a rich morning meal
( ) ,
the thin actor took pieces. about two hours before they started walking.
30
The tests show that the social environment is extremely Just before and an hour after each workout the scientists
,
influential when were making decisions. If this fellow took additional samples of the mens blood and fat tissue.
participant is going to eat more so will I. Call it the Ill have Then they compared the samples. There were considerable
, “
what shes having effect. However well adjust the influence. differences. Most obviously the men displayed lower blood
” , ,
If an overweight person is having a large portion Ill hold back sugar levels at thestartoftheirworkoutswhentheyhadskipped
,
a bit because I see the results of his eating habits. But if a thin breakfast than when they had eaten. As a result they burned
,
person eats a lot Ill follow suit. If he can eat much and keep more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had
,
slim why cant I eaten first. Ontheotherhand theyburnedslightlymorecalories
, ? ,
1.What is the recent study mainly about 卡路里 on average during the workout after breakfast than
? ( ), ,
A.Food safety. B.Movie viewership. after fasting.
C.Consumer demand. D.Eating behavior. But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may
2.What does the underlined word beanpoles in paragraph have been the most significant the researchers found. Multiple
“ ” ,
refer to genes behaved differently depending on whether someone had
1 ? ,
A.Big eaters. B.Overweight persons. eaten or not before walking. Many of these genes produce
C.Picky eaters. D.Tall thin persons. proteins 蛋白质 that can improve blood sugar regulation and
( )
3.Why did the researchers hire the actor insulin 胰岛素 levels throughout the body and so are
? ( )
A.To see how she would affect the participants. associated with improved metabolic health. These genes were
B.To test if the participants could recognize her. much more active when the men had fasted before exercise than
5 18 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
when they had breakfasted. The thingswelearninmaturityseldom involve information
The implication of these results is that to gain the greatest and skills. Welearntobearwiththethingswecantchange. We
healthbenefitsfromexercise itmaybewisetoskipeatingfirst. learn to avoid self⁃pity. We learn that however much we try to
,
1.The underlined expression stomach it in Paragraph please some people are never going to love us an idea that
“ ” 1 , —
most probably means . troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.
“ ”
A.digest the meal easily With high motivation and enthusiasm we can keep on
,
B.manage without breakfast learning. Then we will know how important it is to have
C.decide wisely what to eat meaning in our life. However we can achieve meaning only if
,
D.eat whatever is offered we have made a commitment to something larger than our own
2.Why were the people chosen for the experiment little egos 自我 whether to loved ones to fellow humans to
10 ? ( ), , ,
A.Their lifestyles were typical of ordinary people. work or to some moral concept.
,
B.Their lack of exercise led to overweight. Many of us equate 视 等同于 commitment with
( …… )“ ”
C.They could walk at an average speed. such caring occupations as teaching and nursing. But doing
“ ”
D.They had slow metabolic rates. any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable
3.What happened to those who ate breakfast before exercise commitment. People who work toward such excellence
? —
A.They successfully lost weight. whether they are driving a truck or running a store make the
, —
B.They consumed a bit more calories. world better just by being the kind of people they are. Theyve
C.They burned more fat on average. learned lifes most valuable lesson.
D.They displayed higher insulin levels. 1.The passage starts with the story of Cervantes to show
4.What could be learned from the research that .
?
A.A workout after breakfast improves gene performances. A.loss of freedom stimulates ones creativity
B.Too much workout often slows metabolic rates. B.age is not a barrier to achieving ones goal
C.Lifestyle is not as important as morning exercise. C.misery inspires a man to fight against his fate
D.Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health. D.disability cannot stop a mans pursuit of success
答案 2.What does the underlined part in Paragraph probably
3
1.B mean
?
2.A A.End ones struggle for liberty.
3.B B.Waste ones energy taking risks.
4.D C.Miss the opportunity to succeed.
D.Lose the interest to continue learning.
Passage6(2019天津,D) 词数435 学生用书P225 3.What could be inferred from Paragraph
4?
Would you BET on the future of this man He is years A.Those who dare to try often get themselves trapped.
? 53
old. Mostofhisadultlifehasbeenalosingstruggleagainstdebt B.Those who tend to think back can hardly go ahead.
and misfortune. A war injury has made his left hand stop C.Opportunity favors those with a curious mind.
functioning and hehasoftenbeeninprison. Drivenbyheaven⁃ D.Opportunity awaits those with a cautious mind.
,
knows⁃what motives he determines to write a book. 4.What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph
, 5?
The book turnsouttobeonethathasappealedtotheworld A.A tough man can tolerate suffering.
for more than years. That former prisoner was Cervantes B.A wise man can live without self⁃pity.
350 ,
and the book was Don Quixote 堂吉诃德 . And the story C.A man should try to satisfy people around him.
(《 》)
poses an interesting question why do some people discover new D.A man should learn suitable ways to deal with life.
:
vitality andcreativitytotheendoftheirdays whileothersgoto 5.What is the authors purpose in writing the passage
, ?
seed long before A.To provide guidance on leading a meaningful adult life.
?
Weve all known people who run out of steam before they B.To stress the need of shouldering responsibilities at work.
reach lifes halfway mark. Im not talking about those who fail C.Tostate the importanceof generatingmotivationfor learning.
to gettothetop. Wecantallgetthere. Imtalkingaboutpeople D.To suggest a way of pursuing excellence in our lifelong
who have stopped learning on growing because they have career.
adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come 答案
with passing years. 1.B
Most of us in fact progressively narrow the variety of our 2.D
, ,
lives. We succeed in our field of specialization and then become 3.C
trapped in it. Nothing surprises us. We lose our sense of wonder. 4.D
But if we are willing to learn the opportunities are everywhere. 5.A
, ,
专题十二 猜测词义 5 19
Passage7(2019浙江,B) 词数306 学生用书P226 to a newstudy.
At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine
Money with no strings attached.Its not something you see
microorganisms 海洋微生物 calledphytoplankton. Becauseof
every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month a ( )
, the way light reflects off the organisms these phytoplankton
board went upwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasign ,
create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour
that read Give What You Can Take What You Need.
, “ , ” varies from green to blue depending on the type and
People quickly caught on. And while many took dollars ,
, concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the
many others pinned their own cash to the board. People of all
“ growth of phytoplankton in some areas while reducing it in
ages races and socio⁃economic 社会经济的 backgrounds ,
, , ( ) other spots leading to changes in the oceans appearance.
gave and took said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox which ,
,” , Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface where they
created the project. We even had a bride in her wedding dress ,
“ pull carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 into the ocean while giving
come up to the board and take a few dollars. Most of the bills ( )
” off oxygen. When these organisms die they bury carbon in
on the board were singles but a few people left fives tens and ,
, , the deep ocean an important process that helps to regulate
even twenties. The video clip 片段 shows one man who had ,
( ) the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the
found a $ bill pinning it to the board.
20 oceans warming trend. Warming changes key
What I can say for the folks that gave the most is that
“ , characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton
theywerefullofsmiles Bridgessaid. Theresacertainfeeling
,” “ growth since they need not only sunlight and carbon
that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that ,
dioxide to grow but also nutrients.
gave the most. Most people who took dollars took only a few ,
” , Stephanie Dutkiewicz a scientist in MITs Center for
but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they ,
Global Change Science built a climate model that projects
could. ,
changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that
While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign
, warms upby ℃ itfoundthatmultiplechangestothecolourof
Bridges saidtheonlygoalwastoshowgenerosityandsympathy. 3 ,
the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue
He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar
areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in
projects and post their own videos on the Internet.
some waters such as those of the Arctic a warming will make
After all everyonehasbaddaysandgooddays hesaid. , ,
“ , ,” conditions riper for phytoplankton and these areas will turn
Some daysyouneeda helpinghandandsome daysyoucanbe ,
“ greener. Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the
the one giving the helping hand. “
” ocean changing she said but the type of phytoplankton is
1. What does the expression “money with no strings ,” ,“
changing.
attached” in paragraph 1 mean ”
And why does that matter Phytoplankton are the base of
?
?
A.Money spent without hesitation.
thefoodweb. Ifcertainkindsbegintodisappearfromtheocean
,
B.Money not legally made.
Dutkiewicz said itwillchangethetypeoffishthatwillbeable
,“
C.Money offered without conditions.
to survive. Those kindsofchangescouldaffectthe foodchain.
”
D.Money not tied together.
Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the
2.What did Bridges want to show by mentioning the bride coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable
? ,
A.Women tended to be more sociable. but they couldmeansignificantchanges. Itllbeawhilebefore
“
B.The activity attracted various people. we canstatisticallyshowthatthechangesare happeningbecause
C.Economic problems were getting worse. of climate change Dutkiewicz said but the change in the
,” , “
D.Young couples needed financial assistance. colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that
3.Why did Bridges carry out the project we really have changed our planet.
? ”
A.To do a test on peoples morals. 1.What are the first two paragraphs mainly about
?
B.To raise money for his company. A.The various patterns at the ocean surface.
C.To earn himself a good reputation. B.The cause of the changes in ocean colour.
D.To promote kindness and sympathy. C.The way light reflects off marine organisms.
答案 D.The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.
1.C 2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword vulnerable inParagraph
“ ”
2.B probably mean
3 ?
3.D A.Sensitive. B.Beneficial.
C.Significant. D.Unnoticeable.
Passage8(2019北京,D) 词数419 学生用书P226
3.What can we learn from the passage
?
By the end of the century if not sooner the worlds oceans A.Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.
, ,
will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate according B.Dutkiewiczs model aims to project phytoplankton changes.
,
5 20 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
C.Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate. 2.What does the second paragraph mainly talk about
?
D.Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener. A.The shapes of volcanoes.
4.What is the main purpose of the passage B.The impacts of volcanoes.
?
A.To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes. C.The activities of volcanoes.
B.To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain. D.The heights of volcanoes.
C.To explain the effects of climate change on oceans. 3.What does the underlined word blow⁃up in the last
“ ”
D.To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton. paragraph most probably mean
?
答案 A.Hot⁃air balloon. B.Digital camera.
1.B C.Big photograph. D.Birds view.
2.A 答案
3.D 1.D
4.C 2.A
3.C
Passage9(2019江苏,B) 词数360 学生用书P227
In the s while studying the volcanic history of Passage10(2018北京,D) 词数479 学生用书P227
1960 ,
Yellowstone National Park Bob Christiansen became puzzled Preparing Cities for Robot Cars
,
about somethingthat oddly hadnottroubledanyonebefore he The possibility of self⁃driving robot cars has often seemed
, , :
couldnt find the parks volcano. It had been known for a long likeafuturistsdream yearsawayfrommaterializinginthereal
,
time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature thats what world. Well the future is apparently now. The California
— ,
accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features. But Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for
Christiansen couldnt find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere. companies to test truly self⁃driving cars on public roads. The
Most of us when we talk about volcanoes think of the state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self⁃
, ,
classic cone 圆锥体 shapesofaFujiorKilimanjaro whichare driving cars and for companies to operate driverless taxi
( ) , ,
created when erupting magma 岩浆 piles up. These can form services. California it should be noted isnt leading the way
( ) , ,
remarkably quickly. In aMexicanfarmerwassurprisedto here. Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across
1943,
see smoke rising from a small part of his land. In one week he the country. Its hard to predict when driverless cars will be
was theconfusedownerofaconefivehundredfeethigh. Within everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes the
,
two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and technologyhasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystems
was more than half a mile across. Altogether there are some ten and our cities for better or for worse depending on how the
, ,
thousand of these volcanoes on Earth all but a few hundred of transformation is regulated.
,
them extinct. There is however a second less known type of While much of the debate so far has been focused on the
, ,
volcano that doesnt involve mountain building. These are safety of driverless cars and rightfully so policymakers also
( ),
volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big should be talking about how self⁃driving vehicles can help
crack leaving behind a vast hole the caldera. Yellowstone reduce traffic jams cut emissions 排放 and offer more
, , , ( )
obviously wasofthissecondtype butChristiansencouldntfind convenient affordablemobilityoptions. Thearrivalofdriverless
, ,
the caldera anywhere. vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are
Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high⁃ environmentally friendly and more shared.
altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone. A Do we want to copy or even worsen the traffic of today
— —
thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park with driverless cars Imagine a future where most adults own
?
authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow⁃ individual self⁃driving vehicles. They tolerate long slow
,
up for one of the visitors centers. As soon as Christiansen saw journeystoandfromworkonpackedhighwaysbecausetheycan
the photos he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera work entertain themselves or sleep on the ride which
, : , ,
almost the whole park . million acres was caldera. The encourages urban spread. They take their driverless car to an
—2 2 —
explosion had left a hole more than forty miles across much appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to
—
too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level. At some avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to
timeinthepastYellowstonemusthaveblownupwithaviolence pick up a child or the dry cleaning they send the self⁃driving
,
far beyond the scale of anything known to humans. minibus. Theconvenienceevenleadsfewerpeopletotakepublic
1.What puzzled Christiansen when he was studying Yellowstone transport an unwelcome side effect researchers have already
? —
A.Its complicated geographical features. found in ride⁃hailing 叫车 services.
( )
B.Its ever⁃lasting influence on tourism. A study from the University of California at Davis
C.The mysterious history of the park. suggested that replacing petrol⁃powered private cars worldwide
D.The exact location of the volcano. with electric self⁃driving and shared systems could reduce
,
专题十二 猜测词义 5 21
carbon emissions from transportation % and cut the cost of extra⁃large shares ate more than everyone else but were none the
80 ,
transportation infrastructure 基础设施 and operations % by wiser they didnt feel fuller and they were just as ready for
( ) 40 — ,
. Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty dessert.
2050
appealing. The first commercially available driverless cars will Timeismoney butthatprinciplemeansdifferentthingsfor
,
almost certainly be fielded by ride⁃hailing services considering different types of restaurants. Unlike fast⁃food places fine
, ,
the cost of self⁃driving technology as well as liability and diningshopsprefercustomerstostaylongerandspend. Oneway
maintenance issues 责任与维护问题 . But driverless car to encourage customers to stay and order that extra round put
( ) :
ownership could increase as the prices drop and more people on some Mozart 莫扎特 . When classical rather than pop
( ) , ,
become comfortable with the technology. music was playing dinersspentmore. Fastmusichurrieddiners
,
Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make out. Particular scents also have an effect diners who got the
:
sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesnt extend the scent of lavender 薰衣草 stayed longer and spent more than
( )
worst aspectsofthecar⁃controlledtransportationsystemwehave those who smelled lemon or no scent.
,
today. The coming technological advancement presents a chance Meanwhile things that you might expect to discourage
,
forcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportationsystemsdesignedto spending bad tables crowding high prices dont
—“ ” , , —
move morepeople andmoreaffordably. Thecarofthefutureis necessarily. Diners at bad tables next to the kitchen door
, — ,
coming. We just have to plan for it. say spent nearly as much as others but soon fled. It can be
—
1.According to the author attention should be paid to how concluded that restaurantkeepersneednot beoverlyconcerned
, “
driverless cars can . about bad tables given that theyre profitable. As for
‘ ’ ,”
A.help deal with transportation⁃related problems
crowds a Hong Kong study found that they increased a
,
B.provide better services to customers
restaurants reputation suggesting great food at fair prices. And
,
C.cause damage to our environment
doubling a buffets price led customers to say that its pizza was
D.make some people lose jobs
percent tastier.
11
2.As for driverless cars what is the authors major concern
, ?
1.The underlined phrase none the wiser in paragraph
“ ” 3
A.Safety. B.Side effects.
most probably implies that the customers were .
C.Affordability. D.Management.
A.not aware of eating more than usual
3.What does the underlined word fielded in Paragraph
“ ” 4 B.not willing to share food with others
probably mean
? C.not conscious of the food quality
A.Employed. B.Replaced.
D.not fond of the food provided
C.Shared. D.Reduced.
2.How could a fine dining shop make more profit
4.What is the authors attitude to the future of self⁃driving cars ?
? A.Playing classical music.
A.Doubtful. B.Positive.
B.Introducing lemon scent.
C.Disapproving. D.Sympathetic.
C.Making the light brighter.
答案
D.Using plates of larger size.
1.A
3.What does the last paragraph talk about
2.D
?
3.A A.Tips to attract more customers.
4.B B.Problems restaurants are faced with.
C.Ways to improve restaurants reputation.
Passage11(2018江苏,B) 词数322 学生用书P228
D.Common misunderstandings about restaurants.
In the s Mathurin Roze opened a series of shops that 答案
1760 ,
boasted 享有 a special meat soup called consommé. Although
( )
1.A
the main attraction was the soup Rozes chain shops also set a
, 2.A
new standard for dining out which helped to establish Roze as
, 3.D
the inventor of the modern restaurant.
Today , scholars have generated large amounts of instructive Passage12(2017天津,C) 词数330 学生用书P229
research about restaurants. Take visual hints that influence what
This month Germanys transport minister Alexander
we eat diners served themselves about percent more pasta 意 , ,
: 20 ( Dobrindt proposedthefirstsetofrulesforautonomousvehicles
大利面食 when their plates matched their food. When a dark⁃ ,
)
自主驾驶车辆 . They would define the drivers role in such
colored cake wasservedonablackplateratherthanawhiteone
( )
,
customers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty. cars and govern how such cars perform in crashes where lives
Lightingmatters too.WhenBerlinrestaurantcustomersatein might be lost.
,
darkness they couldnt tell how much theyd had those given The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the
, :
5 22 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
death valley of autonomous vehicles the grey area between C.It should not cause deadly traffic accidents.
“ ” :
semi⁃autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the D.It should involve no human responsibility.
driverless future. 4.Driverless vehicles in public transport see no bright future
in .
Dobrindt wants three things that a car always chooses
:
A.Singapore B.the UK
property 财产 damage over personal injury that it never
( ) ; C.the US D.Germany
distinguishes betweenhumansbasedonageorrace andthatifa
; 5.What could be the best title for the passage
human removes his or her hands from the driving wheel to ?
— A.Autonomous Driving Whose Liability
check email say the cars maker is responsible if there is a : ?
, — B.Fully Automatic Cars A New Breakthrough
crash. :
C.Autonomous Vehicles Driver Removed
: !
The change to the road traffic law will permit fully
“ D.Driverless Cars Root of Road Accidents
:
automatic driving says Dobrindt. It will put fully driverless 答案
,”
cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers he says. 1.D
,
Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles is not 2.B
clear among car makers consumers and lawyers. The liability 3.D
, “
法律责任 issue is the biggest one of them all says Natasha 4.C
( ) ,”
Merat at the University of Leeds UK. 5.A
,
An assumption behind UK insurance for driverless cars
, Passage13(2017江苏,D) 词数690 学生用书P229
introduced earlier this year insists that a human be watchful
, “ Old Problem New Approaches
and monitoring the road at every moment. ,
” While clean energy is increasingly used in our daily life
But that is not what many people have in mind when ,
global warming will continue for some decades after CO
thinking of driverless cars. When you say driverless cars 2
“ ‘ ’, emissions 排放 peak. So even if emissions were to begin to
( )
people expect driverless cars Merat says. You know no
decrease today we would still face the challenge of adapting to
,” “ —
,
driver. climate change. Here I will stress some smarter and more
”
Because of the confusion Merat thinks some car makers creative examples of climate adaptation.
,
will wait until vehicles can be fully automated without human When it comes to adaptation it is important to understand
,
operation. that climate change is a process. We are therefore not talking
Driverless carsmayendupbeingaformofpublictransport about adaptingtoanewstandard buttoaconstantlyshiftingset
,
rather than vehicles you own says Ryan Calo at Stanford of conditions. This is why in part at least the US National
, , ,
Climate Assessment says that There is no one⁃size fits all
University California. That is happening in the UK and : “ ‘ ’
,
adaptation. Nevertheless therearesomeactionsthatoffermuch
Singapore where government⁃provided driverless vehicles are ” ,
, and carry little risk or cost.
being launched.
Around the world people are adapting in surprising ways
That would go down poorly in the US however. The idea , ,
, “ especially in some poor countries. Floods have become more
that the government would take over driverless cars and treat
damaging in Bangladesh in recent decades. Mohammed Rezwan
them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here says
,” saw opportunity where others saw only disaster. His not⁃for⁃
Calo.
profit organization runs river boats that serve as floating
100
1.What does the phrase death valley in Paragraph 2 libraries schools and health clinics and are equipped with
“ ” , , ,
refer to solar panels and other communicating facilities. Rezwan is
?
A.A place where cars often break down. creating floating connectivity 连接 to replace flooded roads
( )
B.A case where passing a law is impossible. and highways. But he is also working at a far more fundamental
C.An area where no driving is permitted. level his staff show people how to make floating gardens and
:
D.A situation where drivers role is not clear. fish ponds to prevent starvation during the wet season.
2.The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to . Elsewhere in Asia even more astonishing actions are being
A.stop people from breaking traffic rules taken. ChewangNorphellivesinamountainousregioninIndia
,
B.help promote fully automatic driving where he is known as the Ice Man. The loss of glaciers 冰川
( )
C.protect drivers of all ages and races there due to global warming represents an enormous threat to
D.prevent serious property damage agriculture. Without the glaciers water will arrive in the rivers
,
3.What do consumers think of the operation of driverless cars at times when it can damage crops. Norphels inspiration came
?
A.It should get the attention of insurance companies. from seeing the waste of water over winter when it was not
,
B.It should be the main concern of law makers. needed. He directed the wasted water into shallow basins where
专题十二 猜测词义 5 23
it froze andwasstoreduntilthespring. Hisfieldsoficesupply 1.The underlined part in Paragraph implies .
, 2
perfectly timed irrigation 灌溉 water. Having created nine A.adaptation is an ever⁃changing process
( )
such ice reserves Norphel calculates that he has stored about B.the cost of adaptation varies with time
,
m3 ofwater. Climatechangeisacontinuingprocess so C.global warming affects adaptation forms
200,000 ,
Norphels ice reserves will not last forever. Warming will D.adaptation to climate change is challenging
overtake them. Butheisprovidingafewyearsduringwhichthe 2.What is special with regard to Rezwans project
?
farmers will perhaps be able to find other means of adapting. A.The project receives government support.
, ,
Increasing Earths reflectiveness can cool the planet. In B.Different organizations work with each other.
southern Spain the sudden increase of greenhouses which C.His organization makes the best of a bad situation.
(
reflect light back to space has changed the warming trend D.The project connects flooded roads and highways.
)
locally and actually cooled the region. While Spain as a 3.What did theIceMandotoreducetheeffectofglobalwarming
, ?
whole is heating up quickly temperatures near the A.Storing ice for future use.
,
greenhouses have decreased. This example should act as an B.Protecting the glaciers from melting.
inspiration for all cities. By painting buildings white cities C.Changing the irrigation time.
,
may slow down the warming process. D.Postponing the melting of the glaciers.
InPeru localfarmersaroundamountainwithaglacierthat 4.What do we learn from the Peru example
, ?
has already fallen victim to climate change have begun painting A.White paint is usually safe for buildings.
the entire mountain peak white in the hope that the added B.The global warming trend cannot be stopped.
reflectiveness willrestorethelife⁃givingice. Theoutcomeisstill C.This country is heating up too quickly.
far from clear. But the World Bank has included the project on D.Sunlight reflection may relieve global warming.
its list of ideas to save the planet . 5.According to the author polluting industries should .
“100 ” ,
More ordinary forms of adaptation are happening A.adapt to carbon pollution
everywhere. A friend of mine owns an area of land in western B.plant highly profitable crops
Victoria. Over five generations the land has been too wet for C.leave carbon emission alone
cropping. But during the past decade declining rainfall has D.fight against carbon pollution
allowed him to plant highly profitable crops. Farmers in many 6.Whats the authors preferred solution to global warming
?
countries are also adapting like this either by growing new A.Setting up a new standard.
—
produce or by growing the same things differently. This is B.Reducing carbon emission.
,
commonsense. Butsomesuggestionsforadaptingarenot. When C.Adapting to climate change.
the pollutingindustriesargue thatweve lostthe battle tocontrol D.Monitoring polluting industries.
carbonpollutionandhavenochoicebuttoadapt itsanonsense 答案
,
designed to make the case for business as usual. 1.A
Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing 2.C
climate in both ordinary and astonishing ways. But the most 3.A
sensible form ofadaptationissurelytoadaptourenergysystems 4.D
to emitlesscarbonpollution. Afterall ifwe adaptinthatway 5.D
, ,
we may avoid the need to change in so many others. 6.B
C 组 教师专用题组
Passage1(2021天津春 B husbands birthday.He had just lost his job. The uncertainty was
, )
About five weeks ago I noticed the skin of our pet lizard starting to wear us out so I wanted to do something special.
, ,
蜥蜴 was growing dusty.It worried me.I reported the strange Lets make a cake for Dad I cried.
( ) “ !”
surface on the skin of the lizard to my husband and children the My kids screamed with joy.We baked iced and sprinkled
,
next morning. Seconds later our lizard emerged from its tank for mostoftheday.Candlesonthecake Balloonsonthewalls
, ! !
with its old skin flowing behind it. Flowers on the table
!
Ididntthinkaboutitmuchuntilamorninglastweekwhen Two hours before my husband came back home from
I knocked myfavoriteteapotoffthetable. Itburstintohundreds another job interview my daughter climbed up to grab a glass
,
of pieces.As Isweptupthe mess Iwonderedwhywe hadbeen vase from a high shelf.It fell and crashed beside the cake.Tiny
,
breaking so many things over the months. pieces of glass were everywhere.She sobbed loudly as I threw
The destruction started three months ago. It was my the cakeaway.Myhusbandhadbananapuddingforhisbirthday.
5 24 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
Three daysago the lightinourlivingroom suddenlywent 可知蜥蜴在经历蜕皮过程 故选B
, 。 。
out.After severalfrustratinghoursofunsuccessfulattemptstofix 2.A 推理判断题 根据第六段中的my daughter climbed up
。
it my husband suggested watching the Michael Jordan to grab a glass vase... She sobbed loudly as I threw the cake
,
documentary 纪录片 series The Last Dance. away.可知丈夫吃香蕉布丁的原因是生日蛋糕被毁了
( ) 。
The poignancy 辛酸 of Jordan retiring from his beloved 3.C 推理判断题 作者在文中提到The Last Dance是为了
( ) 。
basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make 引出下文的感悟 故选C
, 。
such atoughdecisiontookmebysurprise.AsIwatchedhimtake 4.A 词义猜测题 根据第八段最后一句话I realized that we
。
offhisbasketballuniformandreplaceitwithabaseballuniform have to learn to leave the past behind. 我意识到我们必须学
, (
I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him 会把过去抛在脑后 可知选A
, 。) 。
just asourlizardhad.Neitherofthemchosethemomentthathad 5.C 推理判断题 这篇文章从开头提到蜥蜴蜕皮到观看乔
。
transformed them.But they had to live with who they were after 丹的纪录片都是为了引出主题 learn to leave the past
:
everything was different.Just like us.I realized that we have to behind 故选C 不管发生什么 我们都应该往前走
。 ( , )。
learn to leave the past behind. Passage2(2021浙江1月 C
, )
Humans do not shed skin 蜕皮 as easily as other Researchers say they have translated the meaning of
( )
animals.The beginning of change is upsetting.The process is gestures that wild chimpanzees 黑猩猩 use to communicate.
( )
tiring.Damage changes us before we are ready.I see our lizard They say wild chimps communicate specific messages to one
, 19
raw and nearly new. another with a vocabulary of gestures. The scientists
“ ” 66
Jordan said that no matter how it ends it starts with hope. discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in
,
With our tender hopeful skin that is where we begin. Uganda and examining more than incidents of these
, , , 5,000
1.What can we learn about the pet lizard from Paragraph meaningful exchanges.
1?
A.Its tank grew dirty. B.Its old skin came off. Dr Catherine Hobaiter who led the research said that this
, ,
C.It got a skin disease. D.It went missing. was the only form of intentional communication to be recorded
2.Whydidtheauthorshusbandhavebananapuddingforhisbirthday in the animal kingdom.Only humans and chimps she said had
? , ,
A.The birthday cake was ruined. a system of communication where they deliberately sent a
B.The author made good puddings. message to another group member.
C.Pudding was his favorite dessert. Thats whats so amazing about chimp gestures she
“ ,”
D.They couldnt afford a birthday cake. said. Theyre the only thing that looks like human language in
“
3.Why does the author mention The Last Dance in the passage that respect.
? ”
A.To prove a theory. Although previous research has shown that apes and
B.To define a concept. monkeys can understand complex information from another
C.To develop the theme. animals call the animals do not appear to use their voices
,
D.To provide the background. intentionally to communicate messages.This was a significant
4. The underlined part leaving behind the layer in difference between calls and gestures Dr Hobaiter said.
“ ” ,
Paragraph 8 can be understood as . Chimps will check to see if they have the attention of the
A.letting go of the past animal with which they wish to communicate.In one case a
,
B.looking for a new job mother presents her foot to her crying baby signalling Climb
, :“
C.getting rid of a bad habit on me . The youngster immediately jumps on to its mothers
”
D.giving up an opportunity back and they travel off together. The big message from this
“
5.What does the author most likely want to tell us study is that there is another species 物种 out there that is
? ( )
A.Love of family helps us survive great hardships. meaningful in its communication so thats not unique to
,
B.Its not the end of the world if we break things. humans said Dr Hobaiter.
,”
C.We should move on no matter what happens. Dr Susanne Shultz an evolutionary biologist from the
,
D.Past experiences should be treasured. University of Manchester said the study was praiseworthy in
,
答案 seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文 主题语境是人与自我 主 language. But she added the results were a little
。 , , , “
题语境内容为积极的生活态度 本文讲述了作者的丈夫失 disappointing .
。 ”
业后 作者及其家人经历了一系列的不顺 直到作者通过观 Thevaguenessofthegesturemeaningssuggestseitherthat
, , “
察蜥蜴的蜕皮以及观看 Michael Jordan的纪录片 最后的舞 the chimps have little to communicate or we are still missing a
《 ,
动 获得了启示 不管发生什么事 我们都要继续前进 lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions
》 : , 。 ,”
1.B 推理判断题 根据第一段最后一句 Seconds later our she said. Moreover the meanings seem to not go beyond what
。 , “ ,
lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowing behind other animals convey with non⁃verbal communication.So it
,
it. 几秒钟后 我们的蜥蜴从箱里出来 旧皮在后面飘动 seems the gulf remains.
( , , 。) ”
专题十二 猜测词义 5 25
1.What dochimpsandhumanshaveincommonaccordingtoDr same length of greentwiceinarow especiallyatrushhour. At
,
Hobaiter am the full red/yellow/green signal cycle might be
? 9:30 , 140
A.Memorizing specific words. seconds. By am a burst of additional traffic might push it
9:33 ,
B.Understanding complex information. to seconds. Less traffic at am could push it down to
145 9:37
C.Using voices to communicate. . Justlikethetrafficitself thetimingofthesignalschanges.
135 ,
D.Communicating messages on purpose. That isbydesign. Bellevue afast⁃growingcityjusteastof
,
2.What did Dr Shultz think of the study Seattle uses a system that is gaining popularity around the US
? , :
A.It was well designed but poorly conducted. intersection 十字路口 signals that can adjust in real time to
( )
B.It was a good try but the findings were limited. trafficconditions. Theselights knownasadaptivesignals have
, ,
C.It was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable. led to significant declines in both the trouble and cost of travels
D.It was a failure but the methods deserved praise. between work and home.
3. What does the underlined word gulf in the last Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand
“ ” “
paragraph mean that is there is being addressed says Alex Stevanovie a
? ,” ,
researcher at Florida Atlantic University.
A.Difference. B.Conflict.
For all of Bellevues success adaptive signals are not a
C.Balance. D.Connection.
,
cure⁃allforjammedroadways. KevinBalke aresearchengineer
4.Which of the following is the best title for the text
,
?
at the Texas A&M University Transportation Institute says that
A.Chimpanzee behaviour study achieved a breakthrough ,
while smart lights can be particularly beneficial for some cities
B.Chimpanzees developed specific communication skills ,
others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number
C.Chimpanzees the smartest species in the animal kingdom
: of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference. Its not
D.Chimpanzee language communication gestures translated “
: going to fix everything but adaptive signals have some benefits
答案 ,
for smaller cities he says.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文 主题语境是人与自然 主 ,”
。 , In Bellevue the switch to adaptive signals has been a
题语境内容为人与动物 本文介绍了科学家们通过跟踪和 ,
。 lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches. In the past
拍摄乌干达的黑猩猩群 发现了它们用手势交流 翻译出了 ,
, , there was often an automatic reaction to increased traffic just
它们用来交流的手势的含义 :
。 widen the roads says Mark Poch the Bellevue Transportation
1.D 细节理解题 根据第二段最后一句 Only humans and , ,
。 Departments traffic engineering manager. Now he hopes that
chimps she said had a system of communication where they
, , other cities will consider making their streets run smarter instead
deliberately sent a message to another group member. 她说
( , of just making them bigger.
只有人类和黑猩猩有一个交流系统 他们故意向另一个小
, 1.What does the underlined word that in paragraph
组成员发送信息 可知选D 有目的地交流信息 “ ” 2
。) ( )。 refer to
2.B 推理判断题 根据第六段中的 the study was ?
。 A.Increased length of green lights.
praiseworthy 以及the results were a little disappointing 可
“ ” B.Shortened traffic signal cycle.
知选B 这是一个很好的尝试 但研究结果有限
( , )。 C.Flexible timing of traffic signals.
3.A 词义猜测题 根据画线单词前一句可知 黑猩猩的这
。 , D.Smooth traffic flow on the road.
些手势的含义不一定适用于其他动物 存在不同之处 故
, 。 2.What does Kevin Balke say about adaptive signals
选A ?
。 A.They work better on broad roads.
4.D 主旨要义题 文章第一句已经点明文章主题
。 : B.They should be used in other cities.
Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures
C.They have greatly reduced traffic on the road.
that wild chimpanzees use to communicate. 研究人员表示
( , D.They are less helpful in cities seriously jammed.
他们已经翻译出了野生黑猩猩用来交流的手势的含义
。)。 3.What can we learn from Bellevues success
?
故选D
。 A.It is rewarding to try new things.
难句分析 原句:The vagueness of the gesture meanings
B.The old methods still work today.
suggestseitherthatthechimpshavelittletocommunicate,orwe C.It pays to put theory into practice.
are still missing a lot of the information contained in their D.The simplest way is the best way.
gestures and actions. 答案
分析:本句中 suggests 后为宾语从句,从句中还存在 [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文 主题语境为人与社会 主
。 ,
either...or...引导的并列句。 题语境内容为技术创新 文章介绍了一种自适应交通信号
。
译文:手势含义的模糊性表明,要么黑猩猩很少交流,要 灯 这种信号灯的使用使一些城市交通拥堵的问题得到了巨
,
么我们仍然缺少它们手势和动作中包含的大量信息。 大的改善 本文旨在培养学生多渠道获得信息的能力
。 。
Passage 3(2020 浙江,B)The traffic signals along Factoria 1.C 猜测词义题 本题题干意为 第二段中的画线单词
。 :
Boulevard in Bellevue Washington generally dont flash the that 指什么 该句对文章的第一 二段起到承上启下的
, , “ ” ? 、
5 26 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
作用 因此that指文章第一段中所说的具体现象 根据文 birds the researchers sought the red⁃backed fairy wren another
, 。 , ,
章第一段最后一句 Just like the traffic itself the timing of species of Australian songbird. First they collected sound data
“ ,
the signals changes. 信号灯的时间间隔就像交通本身一 from nests in four sites in Queensland before and after
”( 67
样 一直在变化 可知 C选项符合题意 hatching. Then they identified begging calls by analyzing the
, ) , 。
2.D 细节理解题 本题题干意为 Kevin Balke对自适应交 order and number of notes. A computer analysis blindly
。 :
通信号灯怎么说 由题干中的 Kevin Balke 和 adaptive compared calls produced by mothers and chicks ranking them
? “ ” “ ,
signals 可以定位到文章第四段 根据第四段第二句中的 by similarity.
” 。
while smart lights can be particularly beneficial for some It turns out that baby red⁃backed fairy wrens also emerge
“
cities others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the chirping like their moms. And the more frequently mothers had
,
numberofcarsontheroadwillmakeameaningfuldifference called to their eggs the more similar were the babies begging
” ,
虽然智能信号灯对一些城市尤其有利 但在其他交通拥堵 calls. In addition the team set up a separate experiment that
( , ,
非常严重的城市 只有大幅减少道路上的汽车数量 才会产 suggested thatthebabybirdsthatmostcloselyimitatedtheirmoms
, ,
生有意义的改变 可知 自适应信号灯在严重拥堵的城市发 voice were rewarded with the most food.
) ,
挥不了多大作用 故选择D项 This observation hints that effective embryonic learning
, 。
3.A 推理判断题 本题题干意为 我们可以从贝尔维尤的 could signal neurological 神经系统的 strengths of children to
。 : ( )
成功中了解什么 根据文章最后一段第一句 In Bellevue parents. An evolutionary inference can then be drawn. As a
? “ , “
the switchtoadaptivesignalshasbeena lessoninthe valueof parent do you invest in quality children or do you invest in
, ,
welcoming new approaches. 在贝尔维尤 换用自适应交通 children that are in need Kleindorfer asks. Our results suggest
”( , ?” “
信号灯体现了接受新方法的价值 可知 答案为A项 尝试 that they might be going for quality.
) , ( ”
新事物是值得的 1.The underlined phrase in Paragraph 1 means .
)。 “ ”
高级词块 .adaptive/ dæptv/ adj.适应的 .address/ A.be the worst B.be the best
1 əˈ ɪ 2
dres/ v.设法解决 C.be just as bad D.be just as good
əˈ
长难句 These lights, known as adaptive signals, have led 2.What are Kleindorfers findings based on
?
to significant declines in both the trouble and cost of travels A.Similarities between the calls of moms and chicks.
between work and home.这些被称为自适应信号的灯,已经明 B.The observation of fairy wrens across Australia.
显降低了往返于工作和家庭之间的麻烦和成本。 C.The data collected from Queenslands locals.
本句是一个简单句,其中 known as adaptive signals为过 D.Controlled experiments on wrens and other birds.
去分词作主语Theselights的定语,谓语是haveledto,宾语是 3.Embryonic learning helps mother birds to identify the baby
significant declines...,in 后面的宾语包含 both...and...的并列 birds which .
结构。 A.can receive quality signals
Passage 4(2017江苏,B) B.are in need of training
Before birth babiescantellthe C.fit the environment better
,
difference between loud sounds and D.make the loudest call
voices. They can even distinguish 答案
their mothers voice from that of a [语篇解读] 本文是一篇科普类说明文 我们都知道母亲在怀
。
female stranger. But When it comes 孕期间对小宝宝进行胎教 但是你知道鸟类也会给自己还未孵化
Red⁃backedfairywrens 鹪鹩 ,
to embryonic learning 胎教 birds ( ), 出的小宝宝进行胎教吗 请看澳大利亚生物学家的研究成果吧
( ), which live in northern and ? 。
could rule the roost. As recently
eastern Australia lay three or 1.B 猜测词义题 根据画线部分后面的描述 一些鸟类在
, 。 :
reported in The Auk Ornithological foureggsatatime. 小鸟孵化出来前就开始教它们唱歌了 小鸟孵化出来后几
:
,
Advances some mother birds may
天就能模仿自己母亲的叫声 由此推断出小鸟在这方面做
,
。
teach their young to sing even before they hatch 孵化 . New⁃
得最棒 所以答案为B项
( )
, 。
born chicks can then imitate their moms call within a few days
2.A 推理判断题 根据第三段中的最后一句话可知 他们
。 ,
of entering the world.
把雏鸟的叫声和母亲的叫声进行对比 根据相似度进行排
,
This educational method was first observed in by
2012 名 由此可知他们的发现是以母亲和雏鸟叫声的相似度为
,
Sonia Kleindorfer a biologist at Flinders University in South
, 依据的 所以答案为A项
, 。
Australia and her colleagues. Female Australian superb fairy
, 3.C 推理判断题 根据最后一段可知答案为C项
wrens were foundtorepeatonesoundoverandoveragainwhile 。 。
高考热词 distinguish vt.区分;辨别;分清 imitate vt.模仿
hatching their eggs. When the eggs were hatched the baby birds
, widespread adj. 分布广的;普遍的;广泛的 identify vt.确
made the similar chirp to their mothers a sound that served as
— 认;认出;鉴定
their regular feed me call.
“ !” 长难句
To find out if the special quality was more widespread in
原句:In addition, the team set up a separate experiment
专题十二 猜测词义 5 27
that suggestedthatthebabybirdsthatmostcloselyimitatedtheir 2.D 细节理解题 根据文章第一段第三句可知作者有两个
。
moms voice were rewarded with the most food. 冰袋 而它们能持续的时间为 小时 故选D项 A项意
, 42 , 。
分析:本句为主从复合句。 主句部分是the team set up a 为 他不能离开工作太长时间 B项意为 捐献者只能等
“ ”。 “
separate experiment,第一个 that 引导定语从句,修饰先行词 那么长时间 C项意为 手术需要很长时间
”。 “ ”。
experiment;第二个that引导宾语从句;第三个that引导定语 3.B 细节理解题 根据文章第二段倒数第一句...re⁃routed
。
从句,修饰先行词the baby birds。 me through Newark...可知选B项
。
译文:此外,这个团队还设置了一个独立的实验。 实验 高级词块 .conscious/ k n s/adj. 有意识的;有知觉的
1 ˈ ɒ ʃə
表明那些模仿母亲叫声最像的雏鸟会被奖赏最多的食物。
.aware / we (r)/adj.意识到的;明白的
2 əˈ ə
Passage 5(2016课标全国Ⅰ,C) Passage 6(2016四川,B)
I am Peter Hodes a volunteer stem cell courier. Since
If you could have one superpower what would it be
,
, ?
March Ivedone trips ofthose havebeenabroad.
Dreaming about whether you would want to read minds
2012, 89 — ,51
,
I have hours to carry stem cells 干细胞 in my little box
42 ( ) see through walls or have superhuman strength may sound
,
because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last. In
silly but it actually gets to the heart of what really matters in
all from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor 捐 ,
, ( your life.
献者 to the time they can be implanted in the patient weve
) , Every day in our work we are inspired by the people we
got hours at most. So I am always conscious of time. ,
72 meet doing extraordinary things to improve the world.
I hadonetriplastyearwhereIwascaughtbyahurricanein
They have a different kind of superpower that all of us
America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence Rhode
, possess the power to make a difference in the lives of others.
Island and was meant to fly to Washington then back to :
, Were not saying that everyone needs to contribute their
London. But when I arrived at the check⁃in desk at Providence
, lives to the poor. Your lives are busy enough doing homework
the lady on the desk said Well Im really sorry Ive got ,
: “ , , playing sports making friends seeking after your dreams. But
some badnewsforyou therearenoflightsfromWashington. , ,
— ” we do think that you can live a more powerful life when you
So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said In this box
:“ devote some of your time and energy to something much larger
are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient
— than yourself. Findanissueyouareinterestedinandlearnmore.
please please youve got to get me back to the United
, , Volunteer or if you can contribute a little money to a cause.
Kingdom. She just dropped everything. She arranged for a , ,
” Whatever you do dontbe abystander. Getinvolved. Youmay
flight on a small plane to be held for me re⁃routed 改道 me ,
, ( ) have the opportunity to make your biggest difference when
through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than
youre older. But why not start now
originally scheduled. ?
Our own experience working together on health
For this courier job youre consciously aware that in that ,
, development and energy the last twenty years has been one of
box youve got something that is potentially going to save ,
the mostrewardingpartsofourlives. Ithaschangedwhoweare
somebodys life.
and continues to fuel our optimism about how much the lives of
1.Which of the following can replace the underlined word
the poorest people will improve in the years ahead.
courier in Paragraph
“ ” 1? 1.What does the underlined part in Paragraph refer to
A.provider B.delivery man 2 ?
A.Your life style.
C.collector D.medical doctor
B.Your life value.
2.Why does Peter have to complete his trip within hours
42 ?
C.Your trouble in life.
A.He cannot stay away from his job too long.
D.Your life experience.
B.The donor can only wait for that long.
2.Why does the author say they are inspired every day
C.The operation needs that much time.
?
D.The ice wont last any longer. A.They possess different kinds of superpowers.
3.Which flight did the woman put Peter on first B.They have got the power to change the world.
?
A.To London. B.To Newark. C.Some people around them are making the world better.
C.To Providence. D.To Washington. D.There are many powerful people in their life and work.
答案 3.What does the author stress in Paragraph
5?
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文 文章主要介绍了作为干 A.Learning more and contributing more to a cause.
。
细胞运送志愿者的 Peter Hodes 在美国遇到飓风 航班被取 B.Rising above self and acting to help others.
,
消 后来得到帮助的经历 C.Working hard to get a bigger opportunity.
, 。
1.B 猜测词义题 根据文章第一段可知从在捐献者身上取 D.Trying your best to help the poor.
。
到干细胞到移植到病人身上最多有 小时的时间 由此可 4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
72 , ?
判断作者是干细胞的运送者 故选B项 A C D三项和作 A.The author believes the lives of the poorest will get better.
, 。 、 、
者的递送工作无任何关系 因此可排除 B.Much more progress will be made in the near future.
, 。
5 28 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
C.The work on health is the most valuable experience. they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had
D.Peoples efforts have been materially rewarded. done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have
答案 warm relations with a wide variety of people five times as
,
[语篇解读] 本文通过提问 你想拥有什么超能力 来展开 likely to be well paid and times less likely to have been
“ ” 16
叙述 每个人都拥有改变他人生活的能力 我们不应该做生 unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family
。 ,
活的旁观者 而应该尽可能地帮助他人 使世界变得更加美 social and economic class made no real difference in how the
, ,
好 这也将成为我们生活中最具价值的体验 boys turned out.
, 。
1.B 猜测词义题 根据上文可知 幻想着自己是否拥有读 Working at any age is important. Childhood activities
。 , — —
心术 透视眼或拥有超人的力量可能听起来很愚蠢 但实际 help a child develop responsibility independence confidence
、 , , ,
上这会让你了解生命中真正重要的东西是什么 即生命的 and competence the underpinnings 基础 of emotional health.
, — ( )
价值 故答案选B They also help him understand that people must cooperate and
。 。
2.C 细节理解题 根据第三段中的 by the people we meet work toward common goals. The most competent adults are
。 “
doingextraordinarythingstoimprovetheworld 可知 我们被 those who know how to do this. Yet work isnt everything. As
” ,
Tolstoy once said One can live magnificently in this world if
那些做出非凡事情来使世界变得更加美好的人所鼓舞 B
, “
。
one knowshowtoworkandhowtolove toworkfortheperson
项为干扰项 change the world与原文不符 故答案选C
,
, , 。
one loves and to love ones work.
3.B 推理判断题 根据文章第五段第三句可知作者强调当
”
。
1.What do we know about John
你将自己的一些时间和精力投入到超出自我的事情中时
?
,
A.He enjoyed his career and marriage.
你会生活得更加强大 故选B A项中contributingmoreto
。 。 B.He had few childhood playmates.
acause与原文中的contributealittlemoneytoacause不符
。 C.He received little love from his family.
C项曲解文意 D项 Trying your best to help the poor. 与
。 “ ” D.He was envied by others in his childhood.
原文中 Were not saying that everyone needs to contribute
“ 2.Vaillants words in Paragraph serve as .
their lives to the poor. 矛盾 2
” 。 A.a description of personal values and social values
4.A 推理判断题 根据文章最后一句可知 我们对世界贫
。 , B.an analysis of how work was related to competence
困人们的生活在未来几年将会改善保持乐观 故选A B
。 。 C.an example for parents expectations of their children
项中 Much more progress 范围过大 C 项中 the most
。 D.an explanation why some boys grew into happy men
valuable experience与原文不符 D项 人们的努力得到了
。 “ 3.Vaillants team obtained their findings by .
物质上的奖励 在原文中未提及
” 。 A.recording the boys effort in school
高级词块 .extraordinary/ kstr dnri/adj.非凡的,特别的
1 ɪ ˈ ɔː B.evaluating the mens mental health
.bystander/ bastænd (r)/n.旁观者 .get involved参与
2 ˈ ɪ ə 3 C.comparing different sets of scores
Passage 7(2016天津,C)
D.measuring the mens problem⁃solving ability
When John was growing up other kids felt sorry for him.
, 4.What does the underlinedword sharp probablymeanin
His parents always had him weeding the garden carrying out “ ”
, Paragraph
the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached 4?
A.Quick to react. B.Having a thin edge.
adulthood he was better off than his childhood playmates. He
, C.Clear and definite. D.Sudden and rapid.
had more job satisfaction a better marriage and was healthier.
, 5.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
?
Most of all he was happier. Far happier.
A.Competent adults know more about love than work.
,
These are the findings of a ⁃year study that followed the
B.Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.
40
lives of teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that
C.Love brings more joy to people than work does.
456
those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more
D.Independence is the key to ones success.
productive lives than those who had not. Boys who worked in 答案
“
the home or community gained competence 能力 and came to [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文 题材为社会生活类 一
( ) 。 。
feel they were worthwhile members of society said George 项跟踪调查表明那些在青少年时期就从事过各种劳动和做
,”
Vaillant the psychologist 心理学家 who made the discovery. 过各种工作的人 成年后在生活的各个方面 婚姻 家庭
, ( ) , ——— 、 、
And because they felt good about themselves others felt good 事业 身心健康 都会比那些没有做过这些工作的人更幸
“ , 、 ———
about them. 福 更成功
” 、 。
Vaillants study followed these males in great detail. 1.A 细节理解题 根据第一段倒数第三句话 他的工作满
。 “
Interviewswererepeatedatages and .UnderVaillant the 意度更高 婚姻更幸福 身体更健康 可知他享受自己的事
25,31 47 , 、 、 ”
researchers compared the mens mental⁃health scores with their 业和家庭 答案为A项
, 。
boyhood⁃activity scores. Points were awarded for part⁃time jobs 2.D 推理判断题 那些在社区或者在家中工作过的男孩会
, 。
housework effort in school and ability to deal with problems. 获得能力 也会逐渐感觉到自己是社会中有价值的一员
, , , 。
The link between what the men had done as boys and how 由此可以推断出这里实际上是解释了为什么有的男孩会成
专题十二 猜测词义 5 29
长为更幸福的成年人 所以答案为D项 2.What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph
。 。 3?
3.C 细节理解题 根据第三段可知 研究人员对比了年龄 A.He liked to help his teacher.
。 :
在 和 岁的人在心理健康方面的得分和童年活动 B.He preferred to study alone.
25、31 47
方面的得分 所以答案为C项 C.He was active in class.
。 。
4.C 猜测词义题 画线单词后面用具体的数据对比了少年 D.He was imaginative.
。
时期做过工作的人与那些没有做过工作的人在成年后的情 3.What does the underlined word downside in Paragraph
“ ” 4
况 由这些数据可知这种联系还是非常清晰的 所以答案 probably mean
。 , ?
为C项 A.Mistake. B.Drawback.
。
5.B 推理判断题 根据该段可知 责任 独立 自信和能力 C.Difficulty. D.Burden.
。 , 、 、
都是情感健康的基础 那些最有能力的成年人懂得如何去 4.Why did the teacher ask the students to talk about their
,
做到这一点 由此推断出答案为B项 dreams
。 。 ?
高级词块 .deliver/d lv (r)/v. 传送,递送 .well off A.To help them to see their creativity.
1 ɪˈɪ ə 2
B.To find out about their sleeping habits.
富裕的,境况良好的 .cooperate/k p ret/v. 合作,配合
3 əʊˈɒ ə ɪ C.To help them to improve their memory.
Passage 8(2016课标全国Ⅱ,B)
D.To find out about their ways of thinking.
Five years ago when I taught art at a school in Seattle I
, , 答案
used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文 文章主要讲述作者在西
something about my students. I put a small set of Tinkertoys in 。
雅图一所学校教学的时候为了更好地了解学生进行了一次
front of each student and said Make something out of the
, :“ 小测试 并且有了新的发现
Tinkertoys. You have minutes today and minutes each , 。
45 — 45 1.A 细节理解题 根据文章第一段第一句中的 I used
day for the rest of the week. 。
” Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out
A few studentshesitatedtostart. Theywaitedtoseewhat
something about my students 可知 作者在学期开始使用
the rest of the class would do. Several others checked the ,
Tinkertoys作为测试是为了了解学生的一些情况 由此判断
instructions and made something according to one of the ,
A项符合题意
model plans provided.Another group built something out of 。
2.D 推理判断题 根据文章第三段第四句 Here was an
their own imaginations. 。
exceptionally creativemindatwork.可知 这个孩子在他的作
Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with ,
品上极有创造力 由此判断他是有想象力的 故选D项
Tinkertoys in his free time.His constructions filled a shelf in the , , 。
3.B 猜测词义题 根据文章第四段第二句可知 作者鼓励
art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. I was 。 ,
这种思维就有失去那些有不同风格的思维的学生的危险
delighted at the presence of such a student. Here was an ,
因此可判断这种行为有不利的方面 故选择B项
exceptionally creative mind at work. His presence meant that I , 。
4.A 推理判断题 根据文章最后一句中的 Try doing it in
had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity 。
the daytime可知 作者要孩子们在白天尝试梦中的想法 由
would infect 感染 other students. , ,
( ) 此判断作者让孩子们说出自己的梦的真正目的是让孩子们
Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. I ran the
看到自己的创造性 故选A项
risk of losing those students who had a different style of , 。
Passage 9(2016课标全国Ⅲ,B)
thinking.Without fail one would declare But Im just not
,“ On oneofhertripstoNewYorkseveralyearsago Eudora
,
creative.
Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to
”
Do you dream at night when youre asleep
dinner. They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and
“ ?”
Oh sure.
within minutes another customer was approaching their table.
“ , ”
,
So tell me one of your most interesting dreams. The
Hey arent you from Mississippi the elegant white⁃
“ ”
“ , ?” ,
student would tell something wildly imaginative. Flying in the haired writerrememberedbeingaskedbythestranger. Imfrom
“
sky or in a time machine or growing three heads. Thats pretty Mississippi too.
“ ”
creative. Who does that for you Without a second thought the woman joined the Welty
?” ,
Nobody. I do it. party. When her dinner partner showed up she also pulled up a
“ ” ,
Really at night when youre asleep chair.
“ — , ?”
Sure. TheybegantellingmeallthenewsofMississippi Welty
“ ” “ ,”
Try doing it in the daytime in class okay said. I didnt know what my New York friends were thinking.
“ , , ?” “ ”
1.The teacher used Tinkertoys in class in order to . Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine.
A.know more about the students By the time the group got up to leave it was pouring outside.
,
B.make the lessons more exciting Weltys new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab.
C.raise the students interest in art Heading back downtown toward her hotel her big⁃city friends
,
D.teach the students about toy design were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big
5 30 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
Apple dinner into a Mississippi state reunion 团聚 . five months in early exploring the most remote corners of
( ) 2015
My friend said Now we believe your stories Welty this area whichsitsontheedge ofthe Amazonrainforest with
“ :‘ ,’” , ,
added. And I said Now you know. These are the people that half its population of only living in its capital
“ :‘ 250, 000 ,
make me write them. Cayenne.
’”
Sitting on a sofa in her room Welty a slim figure in a I have a special love for the French Guianese people. I
, , “
simple gray dress looked pleased with this explanation. have worked there on and off for almost ten years says Gin.
, ,”
I dont make them up she said of the characters in her Ive been able to keep firm friendships with them. Thus I have
“ ,” “
fiction these last or so years. I dont have to. been allowed to gain access to their living environment. I dont
50 “ ”
Beauticians bartenders piano players and people with see it as a lawless land. But rather I see it as an area of
, ,
purple hats Weltys people come from afternoons spent visiting freedom.
, ”
with old friends from walks through the streets of her native I wanted to show the audience a photographic record
, “
Jackson Miss. from conversations overheard on a bus. It touchingupontheuncivilizedlife continuesGin. Iprefertowork
, , ,” “
annoys Welty that at her left ear has now given out. in black and white which allows me to show different specific
, 78, ,
Sometimes sitting on a bus or a train she hears only a worlds more clearly.
, , ”
fragment 片断 of a particularly interesting story. His black⁃and⁃white pictures present a world almost lost in
( )
1.What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe time. Thesepicturesshowpeople seeminglypushedintoaworld
?
A.Two strangers joined her. that they were unprepared for. These local citizens now have to
B.Her childhood friends came in. balance their traditionalself⁃supportinghuntinglifestylewiththe
C.A heavy rain ruined the dinner. lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic which brings
,
D.Some people held a party there. with it not only necessary state welfare but also alcoholism
, ,
2.The underlined word them in Paragraph refers to betrayal and even suicide.
“ ” 6
Weltys . 1.Whydoestheauthorfeelsurprisedabouttheindigenouspeople
A.readers B.parties C.friends D.stories in French Guiana
?
3.What can we learn about the characters in Weltys fiction A.They seldom follow the French law.
?
A.They live in big cities. B.They are mostly women. B.They often ignore the Guianese law.
C.They come from real life. D.They are pleasure seekers. C.They are separated from the modern world.
答案 D.They are both Guianese and French citizens.
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文 讲述了美国著名女作家Eudora 2.Gin introduces the special world of the indigenous Guianese
,
Welty 在纽约旅游时的一次经历 她让朋友相信了她小说中 as .
。
的人物都来源于真实的生活 她善于和各种人交往 从而使 A.a tour guide B.a geographer
。 ,
她的小说真实 生动 C.a film director D.a photographer
、 。
1.A 细节理解题 根据文章第三段...the woman joined the 3.What is Gins attitude towards the lives of the indigenous
。
Welty party. When her dinner partner showed up...可以得知 Guianese
?
选A 干扰项为C项 虽然有大雨 但是没有破坏他们的晚 A.Cautious. B.Doubtful.
。 , ,
餐 所以排除C选项 C.Uninterested. D.Appreciative.
, 。
2.D 猜测词义题 根据上文中的 Now we believe your 4.What does the underlined word it in the last paragraph
。 “ ”
stories可以推断出选D refer to
。 ?
3.C 推理判断题 根据第八段中的 I dont make them up A.The modern French lifestyle.
。
和最后一段 可以推断出她的小说中的人物来自真实的 B.The self⁃supporting hunting.
,
生活 C.The uncivilized world.
。
Passage 10(2016四川,C) D.The French Republic.
In the depths of the French Guianese rainforest there still 答案
,
remain unusual groups of indigenous 土 著 的 people. [语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文 题材为社会生活类 在远
( ) , 。
Surprisingly these people live largely by their own laws and 离法国本土的圭亚那的热带雨林深处还有一些法属土著居
,
theirownsocialcustoms. Andyet peopleinthisareaareinfact 民 一个巴黎人用自己的黑白镜头记录下了这个部落的人
, 。
French citizens because it has been a colony 殖民地 of the 们的自由生活
( ) 。
French Republic since . In theory they should live by the 1.A 细节理解题 根据第一段中 Surprisingly these people
1946 , 。 “ ,
French law. However their remote locations mean that the live largely by their own laws and their own social customs.
,
French law is often ignored or unknown thus making them into 让人惊讶的是 这些人很大程度上根据他们自己的法律和
, ( ,
an interesting area of lawlessness in the world. 社会习俗生活 可推知 他们很少遵守法国法律 故答案
“ ” 。)” , ,
The lives of these people have finally been recorded thanks 为A项
。
to the efforts of a Frenchman from Paris called Gin. Gin spent 2.D 细节理解题 根据文章倒数第二段中的a photographic
。
专题十二 猜测词义 5 31
record可知Gin是以一个摄影师的身份来向人们介绍这些 4.What does the word contributions in the last paragraph
“ ”
土著居民的 故答案为D项 A项 一个导游 B项 一个地 refer to
, 。 : ; : ?
理学家 C项 一位电影导演 A.Artworks. B.Projects. C.Donations.D.Documents.
; : 。
3.D 推理判断题 根据第三段中的描述 我看到的不是一 答案
。 “
个目无法律的世界 而是一片自由的乐土 可推断出摄影 [语篇解读] Salvador Dali是最著名的现代艺术家之一 为了
, 。” ,
师Gin是非常喜欢这个部落的生活的 所以答案为D项 对他表示尊敬和钦佩 巴黎Pompidou中心组织了一次他的作
。 。 ,
cautious 小心的 谨慎的 doubtful 怀疑的 不确定的 品展
, ; , ; 。
uninterested不感兴趣的 appreciative 欣赏的 感激的 1.B 推理判断题 根据第一段第二句中的withanexhibition
; , 。 。
4.A 猜测词义题 which引导的是非限制性定语从句 该从 bringing together over paintings sculptures drawings and
。 , 200 , ,
句的意思是 伴随着这种生活方式不但带来了必要的国家 more可知展览的作品种类繁多 由此可推断出 Dali 是个
: ,
福利 而且也带来了酗酒 背叛甚至还带来了自杀 由此推 多产的 艺术家
, 、 。 “ ” 。
断出画线的it指的是现代的法国生活方式 所以答案为 A 2.A 细节理解题 根据第一段中的 Among the works and
, 。
项 B项 自给自足的狩猎方式 C 项 未开化的世界 D masterworksonexhibitionthe visitorwillfindthe bestpieces
。 : ; : ; ,
项 法兰西共和国 most importantly The Persistence of Memory.可知A项正确
: 。 。
Passage 11(2015课标全国Ⅰ,C) 3.D 细节理解题 根据第二段第二句The exhibition follows
。
Salvador Dali wasone ofthemostpopular a path of time and subject...可知D项正确
(1904—1989) 。
of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its 4.A 猜测词义题 最后一段指出 展出的优秀作品是与其
。 ,
respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality 他博物馆合作准备的 包括来自 St.Petersburg 的 Salvador
,
with an exhibition bringing together over paintings Dali博物馆的艺术品 故选A项
200 , , 。
sculptures drawings and more. Among the works and
高级词块 bring together 把......收集起来 infinity
,
① ②
masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces
, small无穷小
most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also
Passage 12(2015课标全国Ⅱ,A)
LEnigme sans Fin from works on paper objects and
1938, , , My colortelevisionhasgivenmenothingbutaheadache. I
projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television
was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my
programmes reflecting the artists showman qualities.
relatives give me money for my birthday instead of a lot of
The visitor willenterthe WorldofDalithroughaneggand
clothes that wouldntfit. Ileta salesclerkfoolmeintobuyinga
is met with the beginning the world of birth. The exhibition
, discontinued model. I realized this a day later when I saw
follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting ,
newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy⁃five dollars less
through the brain.
thanIhadpaid. ThesetworkedsobeautifullywhenIfirstgotit
The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between
home that I would keep it on until stations signed off for the
two infinities 无限 . From the infinity small to the infinity
( ) “ night. Fortunately I didnt get any channels showing all⁃night
large contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus ,
, : movies or I would never have gotten to bed.
amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old
Then I started developing a problem with the set that
painting that he used in his museum⁃theatre in Figueras
,” involved static 静电 noise. For some reason when certain
explains the Pompidou Centre. ( ) ,
shows switched into a commercial a loud noise would sound
The fine selection of the major works was done in close ,
forafewseconds. Gradually thisnoisebegantoappearduring
collaboration 合作 with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in ,
( ) a show andtogetridofit Ihadtochangetoanotherchannel
Madrid Spain and with contributions from other institutions , ,
, , and then change it back. Sometimes this technique would not
like the Salvador Dali Museum in St Petersburg Florida.
, work and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the
1.Which of the following best describes Dali according to ,
sound. I actually began to build up my arm muscles 肌肉
Paragraph ( )
1? shaking my set.
A.Optimistic. B.Productive.
When neither of these methods removed the static noise I
C.Generous. D.Traditional. ,
would sit helplessly and wait for the noise to go away. At last I
2.What is Dalis The Persistence of Memory considered to be
? ended up hitting the set with my fist and it stopped working
A.One of his masterworks. ,
altogether. My triptotherepairshopcostme $ andtheset
B.A successful screen adaptation. 62,
is working well now but I keep expecting more trouble.
C.An artistic creation for the stage. ,
1.Why didthe authorsayhe wasfooledintobuyingtheTVset
D.One of the best TV programmes. ?
A.He got an older model than he had expected.
3.How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali
? B.He couldnt return it when it was broken.
A.By popularity. B.By importance.
C.He could have bought it at a lower price.
C.By size and shape. D.By time and subject.
D.He failed to find any movie shows on it.
5 32 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
2.Which of the following can best replace the phrase signed least not very much. Light can pass through it without bending
“
off in Paragraph or stopping. That means a transparent object doesnt look very
” 1?
A.ended all their programs different from the surrounding air or water. You dont see it
—
B.provided fewer channels you see the things behind it.
C.changed to commercials To become transparent an animal needs to keep its body
,
D.showed all⁃night movies fromabsorbing or scattering light. Living materials can stop light
3.How did the author finally get his TV set working again because they contain pigments 色素 that absorb specific colors
? ( )
A.By shaking and hitting it. of light. But a transparent animal doesnt have pigments so its
,
B.By turning it on and off. tissues wont absorb light. According to Johnsen avoiding
,
C.By switching channels. absorption is actually easy. The real challenge is preventing light
D.By having it repaired. fromscattering.
4.How does the author sound when telling the story Animals are built of many different materials skin fat
? — , ,
A.Curious. B.Anxious. C.Cautious. D.Humorous. and more and light moves through each at a different speed.
—
答案 Every time light moves into a material with a new speed it
,
[语篇解读] 本文作者以幽默的口吻介绍了自己购买彩电 bends and scatters. Transparent animals use different tricks to
后遇到的种种麻烦 fightscattering. Someanimalsaresimplyverysmallorextremely
。
1.C 推理判断题 根据第一段中 Irealizedthisadaylater... flat. Without much tissue to scatter light it is easier to be see⁃
。 “ ,
through. Others build alarge clearmassofnon⁃livingjelly⁃like
atseventy⁃fivedollarslessthanIhadpaid. 可知 作者之所以
,
” ,
果冻状的 material and spread themselves over it.
认为被愚弄买了电视机 是因为一天后他在看报纸的广告
( )
,
Larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge
时得知自己多花了 美元 故选C
,
75 。 。
because theyhavetomakeallthedifferenttissuesintheirbodies
2.A 猜测词义题 根据第一段最后一句 Fortunately I
。 “ ,
slow down light exactly as much as water does. They need to
didnt get any channels showing all⁃night movies or I would
look uniform. But how theyre doing it is still unknown. One
never have gotten to bed. 可知 画线短语的意思为 结束所
” , “
thing is clear for these larger animals staying transparent is
有的电视节目 故选A : ,
”。 。 an active process. When they die they turn a non⁃transparent
3.D 细节理解题 根据文章最后一句话可知 最后作者不 ,
。 , milky white.
得不到维修店去修理电视机 让其重新工作 故选D
, 。 。 1.According to Paragraph transparent animals .
本题虽然属于细节理解题,但如果考生不注意审 1,
A.stay in groups
题,未抓住“finally”和“get his TV set working again”这两处
B.can be easily damaged
关键内容,则容易误选A。
C.appear only in deep ocean
4.D 推理判断题 根据文章中多处细节及最后一句中 but
。 “ D.are beautiful creatures
I keep expecting more trouble 可判断作者以幽默的口吻叙
2. The underlined word dead in Paragraph means
”
“ ” 3
述了自己购买彩电后遇到的种种麻烦 故选D
.
。 。
Passage 13(2015北京,C)
A.silently B.gradually C.regularly D.completely
Life in the Clear
3.One way for an animal to become transparent is to .
Transparent animals let light pass through their bodies the
A.change the direction of light travel
same way light passes through a window. These animals B.gather materials to scatter light
typically live between the surface of the ocean and a depth of C.avoid the absorption of light
about feet asfarasmostlightcanreach. Mostofthem D.grow bigger to stop light
3, 300 —
are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch. 4.The last paragraph tells us that larger transparent animals
Sonke Johnsen a scientist in biology says These animals .
, , , “
live through their life alone. They never touch anything unless A.move more slowly in deep water
theyre eating it or unless something is eating them. B.stay see⁃through even after death
, ”
And they are as clear as glass. How does an animal C.produce more tissues for their survival
become see⁃through Its trickier than you might think. D.take effective action to reduce light spreading
?
The objects around you are visible because they interact 答案
with light. Light typically travels in a straight line. But some [语篇解读] 本文为说明文 介绍了如玻璃般透明的动物
, 。
materialsslowandscatter 散射 light bouncingitawayfrom 1.B 细节理解题 根据第一段第三句可知B项正确
( ) , 。 。
its original path. Others absorb light stopping it dead in its 2.D 猜测词义题 由Others absorb light可知是完全阻挡了
, 。
tracks. Both scattering and absorption make an object look 光线的传播
。
different from other objects around it so you can see it easily. 3.C 推理判断题 由第五段第一句可知C项正确
, 。 。
But a transparent object doesnt absorb or scatter light at 4.D 推理判断题 根据最后一段第一句话可知D项正确
, 。 。
专题十二 猜测词义 5 33
Passage 14(2015浙江,D) in the park she had only one thing on her mind squirrels
, : !
In when my daughter Becky was ten she and my She wassojoyousthatevenontheworstdays she couldmake
2004, , ,
husband Joe were united in their desire for a dog. As for me smile. On a daily basis she reminded me that life goes on.
, , ,
me I shared none of their canine lust. After Joe died in Misty slept on his pillow.
, 2009,
But why they pleaded. Because I dont have time to Im grateful to a point. The truth is after years of
, “ — ,
take care of a dog. But well do it. Really Youre going to balking Ive come to enjoy my walks with Misty. As I watch
” “ ? ,
walk the dog Feed the dog Bathe the dog Yes yes and her chase after a squirrel throwing her whole being into the
? ? ?” , , ,
yes. I dont believe you. We will. We promise. here⁃and⁃now of an exercise that has never once ended in
“ ”
They didnt. From day two everyone wanted to walk the victory she reminds me too that no matter how harsh the
( , , ,
cute puppy that first day neither thought to walk the dog. present or unpredictable the future theres almost always some
), ,
While IwasslowtoacceptthatIwouldbetheonetokeeptrack measure of joy to be extracted from the moment.
of her shots to schedule her vet appointments to feed and 1.Why didnt the writer agree to raise a dog at the beginning of
, ,
clean her Mistyknewthisondayone. Asshelookedupatthe the story
, ?
three new humans in her life small medium and large A.She was afraid the dog would get the family into trouble.
( , , ),
she calculated The medium one isthesucker inthepack. B.It would be her business to take care of the dog.
, “ ”
Quickly she and I developed something very similar to a C.Her husband and daughter were united as one.
,
Vulcan mind meld 心灵融合 . Shed look at me with those D.She didnt want to spoil her daughter.
( )
sad brown eyes of hers beam her need and then wait 2.Which of the following is the closest in meaning to The
, , , “
trusting I would understand which strangely I almost medium one is the sucker in the pack. Paragraph
— , , ”( 3)?
always did. In no time she became my fifth appendage 附 A. The middle⁃aged person loves me most.
, ( “ ”
肢 snoring on my home⁃office couch as I worked cradling B. The medium⁃sized woman is the hostess.
), , “ ”
against my feet as I read and splaying across my stomach as I C. The man in the middle is the one who has the final say.
, “ ”
watched television. D. Thewomanisthekindandtrustworthyoneinthefamily.
“ ”
Even so part of me continued to resent walking duty. Joe 3.It can be inferred from Paragraph that .
, 3
and Becky had promised. Not fair Id balk 不心甘情愿地 A.Misty was quite clever
, (
做 silently as she and I walked. Not fair Id loudly B.Misty could solve math problems
) “ ,”
remind anyone within earshot upon our return home. C.the writer was a slow learner
Then one day January to be exact my D.no one walked Misty the first day
— 1, 2007, —
husbands doctor uttered an unthinkable word leukemia 白血 4.The story came to its turning point when .
: (
病 . With that I spent eight to ten hours a day with Joe in the A.Joe died in
) , 2009
hospital doing anything and everything I could to ease his B.Joe fell ill in
, 2007
discomfort. During those six months of hospitalizations C.the writer began to walk the dog
,
Becky at the time adjusted to other adults being in the D.the dog tried to please the writer
, 12 ,
house when she returned from school. My work colleagues 5.Why did the writer continue to walk Misty while Joe was in
adjusted to my taking off at a moments notice for medical hospital
?
emergencies. Every part of my life changed no part of my old A.Misty couldnt live without her.
;
routine remained. B.Her friends didnt offer any help.
Save one Misty still needed walking. At the beginning C.The walk provided her with spiritual comfort.
: ,
when friends offered to take her through her paces I declined D.She didnt want Misty to be others companion.
,
because I knew they had their own households to deal with. 6.What is the message the writer wants to convey in the
As the months went by I began to realize that I actually passage
, ?
wanted to walkMisty. ThewalkinthemorningbeforeIheaded A.One should learn to enjoy hard times.
to the hospitalwasaquiet peacefultimetogathermythoughts B.A disaster can change everything in life.
,
or to just be before the days medical drama unfolded. The C.Moments of joy suggest that there is still hope ahead.
evening walkwasatimetoshakeoffthedaysupsetsandletthe D.People will change their attitude toward you when you are
worry tracks in my head go to white noise. in difficulty.
When serious illness visits your household its not just 答案
,
your daily routineandyourassumptionsaboutthefuturethatare [语篇解读] 本文为记叙文 题材为个人情感类 文章叙述
, 。
no longer familiar. Pretty much everyone you know acts 了作者的丈夫和女儿有一个共同的愿望 养一只宠物狗
——— 。
differently. 不过作者的丈夫和女儿在第一天照顾宠物狗之后 照顾它的
,
Not Misty. Takeherforawalk andshehadnointerestin 担子就落到了作者身上 后来作者的丈夫患白血病 在人生
, 。 ,
Joes blood counts or bone marrow test results. On the street or 最困难的日子 Misty的陪伴给了作者心灵的安慰
, 。
5 34 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
1.B 推理判断题 在文章第二段中作者的丈夫和女儿乞求 3.What does the underlined word Sedate probably mean
。 “ ” ?
作者让他们养一只宠物狗 作者讲到因为自己没有时间照 A.Wild and romantic. B.Slow and peaceful.
。
顾宠物狗 由此可推断作者不同意养狗的原因为B项 C.Hungry and thirsty. D.Active and excited.
。 。
2.D 猜测词义题 根据第三段最后一句与后文的描述可知 4.The author introduces the riding experience in the Okavango
。
此题答案为D Delta mainly by .
。
3.A 推理判断题 根据第三段第三句与第四句可知A项为 A.following space order B.following time order
。
正确答案 C.making classifications D.giving examples
。
4.B 细节理解题 根据第六段第一句和最后一句可知答案 答案
。
为B [语篇解读] 本文为说明文 题材为观光旅游类 走进非
。 , 。
5.C 推理判断题 根据倒数第五段可知选C 洲 那里有很多可以观赏野生动物的地方
。 。 , 。
6.C 推理判断题 根据最后一段最后一句可知C项为正确 1.C 猜测词义题 根据文章第二段中的Several safari camps
。 。
答案 operate as the base for this adventure...和 The camps have
。
Passage 15(2015重庆,D) excellenthorses...可以推知 They 在这里指的是safaricamps
,“ ” 。
There aremanyplacestogoonsafari 观赏野生动物 in 故选C项
( ) 。
Africa but riding a horse through the flooded waters of 2.D 细节理解题 根据文章第三段的描述可知 融入风景
, 。 , 、
Botswanas Okavango Delta must rank as one of the worlds 接近动物是作者认为的观赏中最令人激动的事情
。
most exciting wildlife journeys. 3.B 猜测词义题 根据文章倒数第二段第一句 In the
。
Several safari campsoperate asthe base forthisadventure evening rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried
, ,
providinguniqueridestwiceadaytoexploredeepintothedelta. pace...和第二句Sedate though they are...可以推知选B项
。
The camps have excellent horses professional guides and lots 4.B 推理判断题 作者按照时间顺序 The morning ride In
, 。 ;
ofsupportworkers. Theyhaveareputationforprovidingagreat the evening Back at the camp来进行说明 故选B项
; 。 。
riding experience. Passage 16(2015四川,D)
The morning ride when the guides take you to beautiful Their cheery song brightens many a winters day. But
, ,
shallow lakes full of water lilies tends to be more active. It is robins are in danger of wearing themselves out by singing too
,
unlike any other riding experience. With rainbows forming in much. Robins are singing all night as well as during the day
— ,
the splashing water around you and the sound of huge drops of British⁃based researchers say.
water bouncingoffyourbodyandface itistrulyexciting. You David Dominoni of Glasgow University said that light
, , ,
are very likely to come across large wild animals too. On from street lamps takeaway signs and homes is affecting the
, ,
horseback it is possible to get quite close to elephants giraffes birds biological clocks leading to them being wide awake
, ,
and many other animals. The sense of excitement and tension when they should be asleep.
levels rise suddenly though as does your heart rate as you Dr Dominoni who is putting cameras inside nesting boxes
, , ,
move closer to them. totracksleepingpatterns saidlackofsleepcouldputthebirds
,
In the evening rides are usually at a more relaxed and health at risk. His study shows that when robins are exposed to
,
unhurried pace with golden light streaming across the grassy light at night in the lab it leads to some genes being active at
, ,
delta and the animals coming out to eat and drink. Sedate thewrongtimeofday. Andthemorebirdsareexposedtolight
,
though they are rides at this time of day are still very the more active they are at night.
,
impressive. As thesunsrayspassthroughthedustkickedupby Hetoldpeopleataconference Therehavebeenacouple
, “
of studies suggesting they are increasing their song output at
the horses the romance of Africa comes to life.
,
night and during the day they are still singing. Singing is a
Back at the camp you can kick off your boots and enjoy
costly behaviourandittakesenergy. Sobyincreasingtheirsong
excellent food and wine. Looking back on your day you will
,
output there might be some costs of energy.
find ithardtodenythatahorsebacksafariisascloseasyouwill
, ”
And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by
ever come to answering the call of the wild.
artificial light. Blackbirds and seagulls are also being more
1.What does the underlined word They refer to
“ ” ?
nocturnal. Dr Dominoni said In Glasgow where I live gulls
A.Flooded waters. B.Wildlife journeys.
, “ ,
are a serious problem. I have people coming to me saying
C.Safari camps. D.Unique rides.
You are the bird expert. Can you help us kill these gulls .
2.What does the author find most exciting about a horseback
‘ ?’
During the breeding 繁殖 season between April and June
safari
( ) , ,
?
they are very active at night and very noisy and people cant
A.Seeing and feeling the real African life.
sleep.
B.Enjoying good food and wine at the camp.
”
Although Dr Dominoni has only studied light pollution
C.Hunting large animals just as our ancestors did. ,
other research concluded that robins living in noisy cities have
D.Being part of the scene and getting close to animals.
started to sing at night to make themselves heard over loud
专题十二 猜测词义 5 35
noise. Passage 17(2015陕西,D)
However some birds thrive 兴 旺 in noisy Parents who help their children with homework may
, ( )
environments. A study from California Polytechnic University actually be bringing down their school grades.Other forms of
found more hummingbirds in areas with heavy industrial parental involvement including volunteering at school and
,
machinery. It is thought that they are capitalising on their observing a childs class also fail to help according to the most
, ,
predators 天敌 fleeing to quieter areas. recent study on the topic.
( )
1.According toDrDominonisstudy whatcausesrobinstosing The findings challenge a key principle of modern parenting
,
so much 养育子女 whereschoolsexpectthemtoactaspartnersintheir
? ( )
A.The breeding season. childrenseducation.Previousgenerationsconcentratedongetting
B.The light in modern life. children to school on time fed dressed and ready to learn.
, ,
C.The dangerous environment. Keith Robinson the author of the study said I really
, , ,“
D.The noise from heavy machinery. dontknowifthepublicisreadyforthisbuttherearesomeways
2.What is the researchers concern over the increase of birds parents can be involved in their kids education that leads to
song output declines in their academic performance.One of the things that
?
A.The environment might be polluted. was consistently negative was parents help with homework.
”
B.The birds health might be damaged. Robinson suggested that may be because parents themselves
C.The industry cost might be increased. struggle to understand the tasks. They may either not remember
“
D.The peoples hearing might be affected. the material their kids are studying now or in some cases never
,
3.What does the underlined word nocturnal in Paragraph learnt it themselves but theyre still offering advice.
“ ” 5 , ”
mean Robinson assessed parental involvement performance and
?
A.Active at night. B.Inactive at night. found one ofthe mostdamagingthingsaparentcoulddowasto
C.Active during the day. D.Inactive during the day. punish their children for poor marks.In general about % of
, 20
4.Why do some birds thrive in noisy environments parental involvement was positive about % negative and the
? , 45
A.Because there are fewer dangers. rest statistically insignificant.
B.Because there is more food to eat. Common sense suggests it was a good thing for parents to
C.Because there is less light pollution. get involved because children with good academic success do
“
D.Because there are more places to take shelter. have involved parents admitted Robinson.But he argued that
”,
答案 this did not prove parental involvement was the root cause of
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文 题材为环境保护类 文章主要 that success. A big surprise was that Asian⁃American parents
, 。 “
通过描述知更鸟在人类社会的光污染下昼夜歌唱 造成体力 whose kids are doing so well in school hardly involved.They
,
的严重消耗和睡眠缺乏 这对其寿命构成威胁 也影响到人 took a more reasonable approach conveying to their children
, , ,
类的睡眠环境 我们呼吁社会 给鸟类一个天堂 还人类一 how success at school could improve their lives.
。 : , ”
份宁静 1. The underlined expression parental involvement in
。 “ ”
1.B 细节理解题 由文章第二段中 light from street lamps Paragraph probably means .
。 “ , 1
takeaway signs and homes is affecting the birds biological A.parents expectation on childrens health
clocks leading to them being wide awake when they should B.parents participation in childrens education
,
beasleep 和第三段最后一句Andthemorebirdsareexposed C.parents control over childrens life
”
to light the more active they are at night.可知答案 D.parents plan for children future
, 。
2.B 细节理解题 由文章第三段第一句Dr Dominoni who 2.What is the major finding of Robinsons study
?
。 ,
A.Modern parents raise children in a more scientific way.
is putting cameras inside nesting boxes to track sleeping
B.Punishing kids for bad marks is mentally damaging.
patterns said lack of sleep could put the birds health at risk.
,
C.Parental involvement is not so beneficial as expected.
可知答案
。
D.Parents are not able to help with childrens homework.
3.A 猜测词义题 由上文可知 知更鸟受到人造灯光的干
。 ,
3.The example of Asian⁃American parents implies that parents
扰而无法入睡 根据not just和also的提示 再根据信息句
。 ,
should .
During the breeding season between April and June they
“ , ,
A.help children realize the importance of schooling
are very active at night and very noisy and people cant
B.set a specific life goal for their children
sleep. 可知 画线词表示 夜间活动的 故A项正确
” , “ ”。 。
C.spend more time improving their own lives
4.A 推理判断题 由文章最后一段最后一句 It is thought
。 “
D.take a more active part in school management
that they are capitalising on their predators fleeing to quieter
答案
areas. 可知 一些鸟类在嘈杂的环境下兴旺是因为面临的
” , [语篇解读] 本文为议论文 题材为学校教育类 主要对父
危险少了 故A项正确 , 。
。 。
母参与孩子的学习活动所产生的影响进行了论述
。
5 36 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
1.B 猜测词义题 根据第一段中的关键信息 父母帮助孩 wealth in which all citizens had a right to share.
。 “
子做作业 和 Other forms 可推测画线短语应是 父母参 Athens reached the point whenthe freedomshe reallywanted
” “ ” “
与孩子的学习活动 这一含义 故选B was freedom from responsibility. There could be only one result.
” 。 。
2.C 细节理解题 通读全文可知 Robinson的研究发现 父 If men insisted on being free from the burden of self⁃dependence
。 , :
母参与孩子的学习活动并没有像原先认为的那样起作用 and responsibility for the common good they would cease to be
。 ,
故选C free. Responsibility is the price every man must pay for freedom.
。
3.A 推理判断题 最后一段第二句话Robinson提出自己的 It is to be had on no other terms. Athens the Athens of Ancient
。 ,
观点 父母参与孩子的学习活动不是他们获得成功的根本 Greece refused responsibility she reached the end of freedom
: , ;
原因 然后列举了亚裔美国人几乎不直接参与孩子学习活 and was never to have it again.
。
动的例子来证明自己的观点 亚裔美国人主要是让孩子意 But the excellent becomes the permanent Aristotle
。 , “ ,”
识到学业的成功对他们改善未来生活的重要性 故选A said. Athens lost freedom forever but freedom was not lost
。 。 ,
Passage 18(2015江苏,D) forever for the world. A great American James Madison
, ,
Freedom and Responsibility referred to The capacity 能力 of mankind for self⁃
: “ ( )
Freedoms challenge in the Digital Age is a serious topic. government. Nodoubthehadnotanideathathewasspeaking
”
We are facing today a strange new world and we are all Greek. Athens was not in the farthest background of his mind
,
wondering what we are going to do with it. but once man has a great and good idea it is never completely
,
Some years ago Greece discovered freedom. lost. The DigitalAgecannotdestroyit. Somehowinthisorthat
2, 500
Before that there was no freedom. There were great mans thought such an idea lives though unconsidered by the
civilizations splendid empires but no freedom anywhere. world ofaction. Onecanneverbesurethatitisnotonthepoint
, ,
EgyptandBabylonwerebothtyrannies oneverypowerfulman ofbreakingoutintoactiononlysure thatitwilldososometime.
,
ruling over helpless masses. 1.What does the underlined word tyrannies in Paragraph
“ ” 2
In Greece in Athens 雅典 a little city in a little refer to
, ( ), ?
country there were no helpless masses. And Athenians willingly A.Countries where their people need help.
,
obeyed the written laws which they themselves passed and the B.Powerful states with higher civilization.
,
unwritten which must be obeyed if free men live together. They C.Splendid empires where people enjoy freedom.
,
must show each other kindness and pity and the many qualities D.Governments ruled with absolute power.
without which life would be very painful unless one chose to live 2.People believing in freedom are those who .
alone in the desert. The Athenians never thought that a man was A.regard their life as their own business
free ifhecoulddowhathewanted. Amanwasfreeifhewasself⁃ B.seek gains as their primary object
controlled. To make yourself obey what you approved was C.behave within the laws and value systems
freedom. They weresavedfromlookingat their livesastheir own D.treat others with kindness and pity
private affair. Eachone felt responsiblefor thewelfare of Athens 3.What change in attitude took place in Athens
, ?
not becauseitwasforcedonhimfromtheoutside butbecausethe A.The Athenians refused to take their responsibility.
,
city was his pride and his safety. The essential belief of the first B.The Athenians no longer took pride in the city.
free government in the world was liberty for all men who could C.The Athenians benefited spiritually from the government.
control themselves and would take responsibility for the state. D.The Athenians looked on the government as a business.
But discovering freedom is not like discovering computers. 4.What doesthesentence Therecouldbeonlyoneresult. in
“ ”
It cannot be discovered once for all. If people do not prize it Paragraph mean
, 5 ?
and work for it it will go. Constant watch is its price. Athens A.Athens would continue to be free.
,
changed. It was a change that took place without being noticed B.Athens would cease to have freedom.
though it was of the extreme importance a spiritual change C.Freedom would come from responsibility.
,
which affected the whole state. It had been the Athenians pride D.Freedom would stop Athens from self⁃dependence.
and joy to give to their city. That they could get material 5.Why does the author refer to Aristotle and Madison
?
benefits from her never entered their minds. There had to be a A.The author is hopeful about freedom.
complete change of attitude before they could look at the city as B.The author is cautious about self⁃government.
an employer who paid her citizens for doing her work. Now C.The author is skeptical of Greek civilization.
instead ofmengivingtothestate thestatewastogivetothem. D.The author is proud of mans capacity.
,
What thepeoplewantedwasagovernmentwhichwouldprovide 6.What is the authors understanding of freedom
?
a comfortablelifeforthem andwiththisastheprimaryobject A.Freedom can be more popular in the digital age.
; ,
ideas of freedom and self⁃reliance and responsibility were B.Freedom may come to an end in the digital age.
neglected to the point of disappearing. Athens was more and C.Freedom should have priority over responsibility.
more looked on as a cooperative business possessed of great D.Freedom needs to be guaranteed by responsibility.
专题十二 猜测词义 5 37
答案 like the Tremont Hotel Pullman would place thousands of
,
[语篇解读] 本文为议论文 题材为社会历史类 在现在 jackscrews 螺旋千斤顶 beneath the buildings foundation.
, 。 ( )
的 数字时代 自由是一个很严肃的话题 纵观历史 古希 One man was assigned to operate each section of roughly
“ ”, 。 , 10
腊在 年前发现了自由 而且它的自由来源于责任 jackscrews. At Pullmans signal each man turned his jackscrew
2,500 , 。
1.D 猜测词义题 根据第二段可知 在古希腊发现自由之 the same amount at the same time thereby raising the building
。 , ,
前 各地都不存在自由 古埃及和古巴比伦也是没有自由 slowly and evenly. Astonishingly the Tremont Hotel stayed
, 。 ,
的国家 由 one very powerful man ruling over helpless open during the entire operation and many of its guests didnt
, “ ,
masses 可知 一个有强大权力的人统治着无助的群众 故 even notice anything was happening.
” , ,
D项正确 Some people like to say that every problem has a solution.
。
2.C 推理判断题 根据第三段可知 古希腊人的自由在于 But in Chicagos early history every engineering solution
。 , ,
自觉遵守已经通过的书面法律和非书面法律 他们靠 self⁃ seemed to create a new problem. Now that Chicagos waste
, “
controlled 来获取自由 由此可推出信仰自由的人应该是那 water wasdrainingefficientlyintothe ChicagoRiver the citys
” , ,
些遵守法律和价值体系的人 故选C项 next step was to clean the polluted river.
, 。
3.A 推理判断题 根据第四段倒数第二句 ...responsibility 1.The author mentions the joke to show .
。 “
were neglected to the point of disappearing. 可知A项正确 A.horses were fairly useful in Chicago
” 。
4.B 猜测词义题 根据本段中的 If men insisted on being B.Chicagos streets were extremely muddy
。 “
free from the burden...they would cease to be free. 可知 C.Chicago was very dangerous in the spring
”
选B D.the Chicago people were particularly humorous
。
5.A 推理判断题 作者以这两个人说的话来告诉读者 雅 2. The city planners were convinced by Ellis Chesbrough
。 ,
典永远失去了自由 但是全世界的自由并没有永远失去 人 to .
, ,
类一旦有了一个好的主意 数字时代就不会毁掉它 它会永 A.get rid of the street dirt
, ,
远存在 由最后一句可知 谁也说不准什么时候采取行动 B.lower the Chicago River
。 , ,
但是毫无疑问总会在某个时间这样做的 综合来看 作者 C.fight against heavy floods
。 ,
以此来表明自己对自由充满了希望 D.build the pipes above ground
。
6.D 推理判断题 概括全文可以看出 作者认为真正的自 3. The underlined word hoist in Paragraph means
。 , “ ” 4
由依赖自我承担责任 依靠自我约束 故D项正确 .
, 。 。 “ ”
Passage 19(2015湖南,B) A.change B.lift
In its early history Chicago had floods frequently C.repair D.decorate
, ,
especially in the spring making the streets so muddy that 4.What can we conclude about the moving operation of the
,
people horses and carts got stuck. An old joke that was Tremont Hotel
, , ?
popular at thetimewentsomethinglikethis Amanisstuckup A.It went on smoothly as intended.
:
to his waistina muddyChicagostreet. Askedifhe needshelp B.It interrupted the business of the hotel.
,
he replies No thanks. Ive got a good horse under me. C.It involved Pullman turning ten jackscrews.
, “ , ”
The city planners decided to build an underground drainage D.It separated the building from its foundation.
排水 system but there simply wasnt enough difference 5.The passage is mainly about early Chicagos .
( ) ,
between the height of the ground level and the water level. The A.popular life styles and their influences
only two options were to lower the Chicago River or raise the B.environmental disasters and their causes
city. C.engineering problems and their solutions
An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city D.successful businessmen and their achievements
that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and 答案
then cover them with dirt. This raised the level of the citys [语篇解读] 本文为说明文 题材为历史与建筑 在历史上
, 。
streets by as much as feet. 芝加哥常常发洪水 这使得街道非常泥泞 城市规划者就这
12 , 。
This of course created a new problem dirt practically 一问题采取了诸多措施
: 。
buried the first floors of every building in Chicago. Building 1.B 推理判断题 由第一段第一句可知在历史上芝加哥常
。
owners were faced with a choice either change the first floors 常发洪水尤其是在春天 这使得街道非常泥泞以至于行人
: ,
of their buildings into basements and the second stories into 及马和马车陷入泥里 这一则笑话是用来说明芝加哥街道
, 。
main floors or hoist the entire buildings to meet the new street 的泥泞的 故选B项
, , 。
level. Small wood⁃frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily. 2.D 细节理解题 由第三段第一句 ...Ellis Chesbrough
。 “
But what about large heavy structures like the Tremont Hotel convinced the citythat...tobuildthepipesaboveground... 可
, , ”
which was a six⁃story brick building 知 D项正确
? , 。
Thats where George Pullman came in. He had developed 3.B 猜测词义题 由画线词后一句 Small wood⁃frame
。 “
some house⁃moving skills successfully. To lift a big structure buildings could be lifted fairly easily. 可知 hoist与lift为同
” ,
5 38 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
义词 故B项正确 C.prejudiced D.unattractive
, 。
4.A 细节理解题 由倒数第二段内容可知A项正确 4.British attitudes towards accent .
。 。
5.C 主旨要义题 通读全文可知 这篇文章讲述的是芝加 A.have a long tradition
。 ,
哥的工程问题及其解决方案 故选C项 B.are based on regional status
。 。
Passage 20(2015广东,D) C.are shared by the Americans
It was once common to regard Britain as a society with D.have changed in recent years
class distinction. Each class had unique characteristics. 5.What is the main idea of the passage
?
In recent years many writers have begun to speak of the A.The middle class is expanding.
,
decline of class and classless society in Britain. And in B.A persons accent reflects his class.
‘ ’ ‘ ’
modern day consumer society everyone is considered to be C.Class is a key part of British society.
middle class. D.Each class has unique characteristics.
But pronouncing the death of class is too early. A recent 答案
wide⁃ranging study ofpublicopinionfound percentofpeople [语篇解读] 本文为说明文 题材为社会生活类 曾经人们
90 , 。
still placing themselves in a particular class percent agreed 认为英国阶级等级森严 但这一现象到现在是否已经发生变
; 73 ,
that classwasstillavitalpartofBritishsociety and percent 化了呢 本文就英国现在的阶级观念和现状作了介绍和
; 52 ?
thought therewerestillsharpclassdifferences. Thus classmay 说明
, 。
not be culturally and politically obvious yet it remains an 1.D 细节理解题 根据文章第三段第二句的 A recent
, 。 “
important partofBritishsociety. Britainseemstohavealoveof
wide⁃ranging study of public opinion found percent of
90
stratification.
peoplestillplacingthemselvesinaparticularclass 可知答案
” 。
One unchanging aspect of a British persons class position
2.B 猜测词义题 根据文章第三段最后两句 Thus class
。 “ ,
is accent. The words a person speaks tell her or his class. A
may notbeculturallyandpoliticallyobvious yetitremainsan
,
study of British accents during the s found that a voice
important part of British society.Britain seems to have a love
1970
sounding like a BBC newsreader was viewed as the most
of stratification. 可以推测英国人似乎喜欢阶级的这种 分
” “
attractive voice. Most people said this accent sounded
层
educated and soft . The accents placed at the bottom in ”。
‘ ’ ‘ ’ 解答猜测词义题的关键在于从上下文的理解中寻
this study on the other hand were regional 地区的 city
, , ( ) 找线索,对语境的把握非常重要。 本题中variety会造成干
accents. These accents were seen as common and ugly .
‘ ’ ‘ ’ 扰,部分学生会认为是社会的“多样性”,但对于“阶级”,更
However a similar study of British accents in the US turned
, 应该是划分成若干个不同的“层次”。
these results upside down and placed some regional accents as
3.D 细节理解题 根据文章第四段倒数第二句 However a
the most attractive and BBC English as the least. This suggests 。 “ ,
similar study of British accents in the US turned these results
that British attitudes towards accent have deep roots and are
upside down and placed some regional accents as the most
based on class prejudice.
attractive and BBC English as the least. 可知答案
In recent years however young upper middle⁃class
” 。
, ,
4.A 推理判断题 根据文章第四段最后一句 Thissuggeststhat
people in London have begun to adopt some regional accents
。 “
, ,
Britishattitudestowardsaccenthavedeeprootsandarebasedon
in order to hide their class origins. This is an indication of class
class prejudice. 可以推断出英国人对口音的态度由来已久
becoming unnoticed. However the pop song Common
” 。
, 1995 ‘
People putsforwardtheviewthatthoughamiddle⁃classperson 5.C 主旨要义题 本文主要讲述的是英国阶级制度的现
’ 。
may want to live like common peoplethey can never 状 阶级等级在英国仍然体现得很明显 故答案为C项
‘ , 。 。
appreciate the reality of a working⁃class life. Passage 21(2015福建,B)
1.A recent study of public opinion shows that in modern Papa as a sonofadirt⁃poorfarmer leftschoolearlyand
, ,
Britain . went to work in a factory for education was for the rich then.
,
A.it is time to end class distinction So the world became his school. With great interest he read
, ,
B.most people belong to middle class everythinghecouldlayhishandson listenedtothetownelders
,
C.it is easy to recognize a persons class and learned about the world beyond his tiny hometown.
D.people regard themselves socially different Theres so much to learn hed say. Though were born
“ ,” “
2.ThewordstratificationinParagraph isclosestinmeaning stupid only the stupid remain that way. He was determined
3 , ”
to . thatnoneofhischildrenwouldbedenied 拒绝 aneducation.
( )
A.variety B.division Thus Papa insisted that we learn at least one new thing
,
C.authority D.qualification each day. Though as children we thought this was crazy it
, , ,
3.The study in the US showed that BBC English was regarded would never have occurred to us to deny Papa a request. And
as . dinner timeseemedperfectforsharingwhatwehadlearned. We
A.regional B.educated would talk about the news of the day no matter how
;
专题十二 猜测词义 5 39
insignificant it was never taken lightly. Papa would listen 答案
,
carefully and was ready with some comment always to the [语篇解读] 本文为记叙文 题材为学习教育类 文章记叙
, , 。
point. 了在父亲的引领下 我们这些穷孩子不断学习 日有所获
, 、 。
Then came the moment the time to share the days new 全家人相互学习 共同进步
— , 。
learning. 1.D 细节理解题 由首段首句可知 穷人承担不起学校教
。 ,
Papa at the head of the table would push back his chair 育的费用 故选D项
, , 。 。
and pour a glass of red wine ready to listen. 2.C 猜测词义题 由第二段倒数第二句中 We would talk
, 。
Felice hed say tell me what you learned today. about the news of the day 可知 it 指代的是 the news 故选
“ ,” , “ ” ,
I learned that the population of Nepal is... C项
“ ” 。
Silence. 3.D 细节理解题 由尾段第二句They were imparting what
。
Papa was thinking about what was said as if the salvation Papa had known all along the value of continual learning.可
, —
拯救 oftheworldwoulddependuponit. Thepopulationof 知答案为D项
( ) “ 。
Nepal. Hmm. Well... hed say. Get the map lets see 4.A 推理判断题 由第二段第三句至倒数第三段的内容以
” “ ; 。
where Nepal is. And the whole family went on a search for 及尾段第二句可推断出答案为A项
” 。
Nepal. 5.B 推理判断题 由本文内容可推断出父亲是一个坚持教
。
This same experience was repeated until each family 育自己孩子的家长 故选B项
, 。
member had a turn. Dinner ended only after we had a clear Passage 22(2015安徽,D)
understanding of at least half a dozen such facts. There are an extremely large number of ants worldwide.
As children we thought very little about these educational Each individual 个体的 anthardlyweighsanything butput
, ( ) ,
wonders. Our family however was growing together together they weigh roughly the same as all of mankind. They
, , ,
sharing experiences and participating in one anothers education. also live nearly everywhere except on frozen mountain tops
,
And by looking at us listening to us respecting our input and around the poles. For animals their size ants have been
, , , ,
affirming 肯定 our value giving us a sense of dignity astonishingly successful largely due to their wonderful social
( ) , , ,
Papa was unquestionably our most influential teacher. behavior.
Later duringmytrainingasafutureteacher Istudiedwith In colonies 群体 that range in size from a few hundred
, ( )
some of the most famous educators. They were imparting 传 to tens of millions they organize their lives with a clear
( ,
授 what Papa had known all along the value of continual division of labor. Even more amazing is how they achieve this
) —
learning. His technique has served me well all my life. Not a level of organization. Where we use sound and sight to
single day has been wasted though I can never tell when communicate ants depend primarily on pheromones 外激
, , (
knowing the population of Nepal might prove useful. 素 chemicalssentoutbyindividualsandsmelledortastedby
),
1.What do we know from the first paragraph fellow members of their colony. When an ant finds food it
? ,
A.The authors father was born in a workers family. produces a pheromone that will lead others straight to where the
B.Those born stupid could not change their life. food is. Whenanindividualantcomesunderattackorisdying
,
C.The town elders wanted to learn about the world. it sends out an alarm pheromone to warn the colony to prepare
D.The poor could hardly afford school education. for a conflict as a defense unit.
2.The underlined word it in the second paragraph refers to In fact when it comes to the art of war ants have no
“ ” , ,
. equal. They are completely fearless and will readily take on a
“ ”
A.one new thing B.a request
creature much larger than themselves attacking in large groups
,
C.the news D.some comment
and overcoming their target. Such is their devotion to the
3.It can be learned from the passage that the author .
common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also
A.enjoyed talking about news
worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.
B.knew very well about Nepal
Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner these little
,
C.felt regret about those wasted days
creatures have survived on Earth for more than million
140
D.appreciated his fathers educational technique
years far longer than dinosaurs. Because they think as one
, ,
4.What is the greatest value of dinner time to the author
they have a collective 集体的 intelligence greater than you
“ ” ?
( )
A.Continual learning. B.Showing talents.
would expect from its individual parts.
C.Family get⁃together. D.Winning Papas approval.
1.We can learn from the passage that ants are .
5.The authors father can be best described as .
A.not willing to share food
A.an educator expert at training future teachers
B.not found around the poles
B.a parent insistent on his childrens education
C.more successful than all other animals
C.a participant willing to share his knowledge
D.too many to achieve any level of organization
D.a teacher strict about everything his students did
5 40 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
2.Ants can use pheromones for . Soon the great flocks were gone never to be seen again.
,
A.escape B.communication In thestateofMichiganpassedalawprohibitingthe
1897,
C.warning enemies D.arranging labor killingofpassengerpigeons butbythen nosizableflockshad
, ,
3. What does the underlined expression take on in been seen in the state for years. The last confirmed wild
“ ” 10
Paragraph mean pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County
3 ? ,
A.Accept. B.Employ. C.Play with. D.Fight against. Ohio in . For a time a few birds survived under human
, 1900 ,
4.Which of the following contributes most to the survival of care. The last of them known affectionately as Martha died
, ,
ants at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September .
? 1,1914
A.Their behavior. B.Their size. 1.In the th and early th centuries passenger pigeons
18 19 ,
C.Their number. D.Their weight. .
答案 A.were the biggest bird in the world
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文 题材为科普知识类 介绍 B.lived mainly in the south of America
, 。
了蚂蚁的分布 数量 大小及行为特点 C.did great harm to the natural environment
、 、 。
1.B 细节理解题 根据文章第一段第三句话可知 除了寒 D.were the largest bird population in the US
。 ,
冷的山顶和两极附近 蚂蚁几乎无处不在 故选B 2.The underlined word undoing probably refers to the
, 。 。 “ ”
2.B 细节理解题 根据第二段可知 蚂蚁主要依靠外激素 pigeons .
。 ,
向同伴传递信息 故选B A.escape B.ruin
。 。
C.liberation D.evolution
3.D 猜测词义题 根据下文 attacking in large groups and
。
3. What was the main reason for people to kill passenger
overcoming their target 可知画线短语的意思为 反抗 与
“ ,
pigeons
战斗 故选D
?
…… ”。 。
A.To seek pleasure. B.To save other birds.
借助上下文,抓住关键词是解决此类问题的常用
C.To make money. D.To protect crops.
方法。 本题只要抓住attacking和overcoming这两个提示词
4.What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan
就能很快锁定正确答案。 ?
A.It was ignored by the public.
4.A 推理判断题 根据最后一段第一句话可知 由于无私
。 , B.It was declared too late.
和忠诚的行为特点 这些小生物已在地球上存在了 . 亿
, 1 4 C.It was unfair.
多年 故选A
。 。 D.It was strict.
Passage 23(2014课标全国Ⅰ,B)
答案
Passenger pigeons 旅鸽 once flew over much of the
( ) [语篇解读] 本文为说明文 题材为环境与自然类 曾几何
United States in unbelievable numbers. Written accounts from , 。
时在美国蔚蓝的天空飞翔着一种鸟 这种鸟可能是当时美国
,
the th and th centuries described flocks 群 so large that
18 19 ( ) 数量最多的鸟类 旅鸽 但是后来这种鸟的数量急剧减
——— 。
they darkened the sky for hours.
少 最终于 年 月 日灭绝了 到底发生了什么事呢
, 1914 9 1 。 ?
It was calculated that when its population reached its
这些鸟去哪儿了呢
?
highest point there were more than billion passenger
1.D 推理判断题 根据第二段第一句话可知当时这种鸟的
, 3
。
pigeons a number equal to to percent of the total bird
数量占美国全部鸟类数量的 %到 % 可能是世界上最
— 24 40
24 40 ,
population in the United States making it perhaps the most
多的鸟 由此推断它是当时美国数量最多的鸟类 所以答案
,
, ,
abundant bird in the world. Even as late as when their 为D项 没有提及它们是世界上最大的鸟类 排除 A 项
1870 。 , ;
numbers had already become smaller a flock believed to be 也没有提及它们主要生活在美国的南部 排除B项 更没有
, 1 , ;
mile wideand miles about kilometers longwasseen 提及它们给环境带来了巨大的危害 排除C项
320 ( 515 ) , 。
near Cincinnati. 2.B 猜测词义题 根据后面的描述可知人们大量捕捉这种
。
Sadly the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been 鸟 把它们卖到饭店 由此推断出这种鸟的数量众多给它
, , 。
their undoing. Where the birds were most abundant people 们带来了灾难 所以答案为 B项 escape逃跑 避开 ruin
, 。 。 , ;
believed there was an ever⁃lasting supply and killed them by the 衰落的原因 祸根 liberation解放 evolution进化 发展
, ; ; , 。
thousands. Commercial huntersattractedthemtosmallclearings 3.C 细节理解题 根据第三段的最后一句话The birds were
。
with grain waiteduntilpigeonshadsettledtofeed thenthrew shippedtolargecitiesandsoldinrestaurants.可知人们主要是
, ,
large netsoverthem takinghundredsatatime. Thebirdswere 为了钱才大量捕杀这种鸟的 所以答案为C项 其他三项
, , 。
shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants. 文中均未提及
。
By the closing decades of the th century the hardwood 4.B 推理判断题 根据最后一段的描述可知尽管密歇根州
19 , 。
forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by 于 年通过了禁止捕杀旅鸽的法律 但是在此之前的
1897 , 10
Americans need for wood which scattered 驱散 the flocks 年里人们已经没有见过有一定规模的鸟群飞过密歇根州
, ( )
and forced the birds to go farther north where cold 了 由此推断出该法律颁布得太晚了 所以答案为 B 项
, 。 , 。
temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline. 其他三项文中均未提及
。
专题十二 猜测词义 5 41
Passage 24(2014课标全国Ⅱ,C) 学习有所帮助 由此推断 au pair指的是D项
。 , 。
One of the latest trends 趋势 in American childcare is 2.D 细节理解题 根据第三段最后一句中 to keep exposed
( ) 。
Chinese au pairs. Au Pair in Stamford Conn. for example to 接触 the language and culture可知选D
, , , ( ) 。
has gotincreasingnumbersofrequestsforChineseaupairsfrom 3.A 推理判断题 根据最后一段第一句...by the increasing
。
zero toaround since . Andthatstrueallacrossthe numbers of American parents who want their children to learn
4, 000 2004
country. Chinese.可推断出 学习汉语在美国越来越流行
, 。
I thought itwouldbe veryusefulforhim tolearnChinese Passage 25(2014辽宁,C)
“
at an early age Joseph Stocke the managing director of a Would it surprise you to learn that like animals trees
,” , , ,
company says of his ⁃year⁃old son. I would at least like to communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next
, 2 “
give him the chance to use the language in the future. After generation
” ?
only sixmonthsofbeingcaredforbya ⁃year⁃oldwomanfrom UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more
25
China the boy can already understand basic Chinese daily complex than most of us ever imagined.Although Charles Darwin
,
expressions his dad says. thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest Simard
, ,
Li Drake a Chinese native raising two children in shows just how wrong he was.In fact the opposite is true trees
, , :
Minnesota with an American husband had another reason for survive through their co⁃operation and support passing around
, ,
looking for anaupairfromChina Shedidntwantherchildren necessary nutrition depending on who needs it .
: “ ”
to missoutontheirroots. BecauseIamChinese myhusband Nitrogen 氮 and carbon are shared through miles of
“ , ( )
and I wanted the children to keep exposed to 接触 the underground fungi 真菌 networks making sure that all trees in
( ) ( ) ,
language and culture she says. the forest ecological system give and receive just the right
,”
Staying with a native speaker is better for children than amount to keep them all healthy.This hidden system works in a
“
simplysittinginaclassroom saysSuzanneFlynn aprofessor very similar way to the networks of neurons 神经元 in our
,” , ( )
in languageeducationofchildren. Butparentsmustunderstand brains and when one tree is destroyed it affects all.
“ , ,
that justoneyearwithanaupairisunlikelytoproducewonders. Simard talks about mother trees usually the largest and
“ ”,
Complete mastery demands continued learning until the age of oldest plants on which all other trees depend.She explains how
or . dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation
10 12” ,
The popularity of au pairs from China has been transporting important minerals to young trees so they may
strengthened bytheincreasingnumbersofAmericanparentswho continue to grow.When humans cut down mother trees with
“ ”
want their children to learn Chinese. It is expected that no awareness of these highly complex tree societies or the
“ ”
American demand for au pairs will continue to rise in the next networks on which they feed we are reducing the chances of
,
few years. survival for the entire forest.
1.What does the term au pair in the text mean We didnt take any notice of it Simard says sadly. Dying
“ ” ? “ ,” “
A.A mother raising her children on her own. trees movenutritionintotheyoungtreesbeforedying butwenever
,
B.A child learning a foreign language at home. give them chance. If we could put across the message to the
”
C.A professor in language education of children. forestry industry we could make a huge difference towards our
,
D.A young foreign woman taking care of children. environmental protection efforts for the future.
2.Li Drake has her children study Chinese because she wants 1. The underlined sentence the opposite is true in
“ ”
them . Paragraph probably means that trees .
2
A.to live in China some day A.compete for survival
B.to speak the language at home B.protect their own wealth
C.to catch up with other children C.depend on each other
D.to learn about the Chinese culture D.provide support for dying trees
3.What can we infer from the text 2. Mother trees are extremely important because they .
? “ ”
A.Learning Chinese is becoming popular in America. A.look the largest in size in the forest
B.Educated women do better in looking after children. B.pass on nutrition to young trees
C.Chinese au pairs need to improve their English skills. C.seem more likely to be cut down by humans
D.Children can learn a foreign language well in six months. D.know more about the complex tree societies
“ ”
答案 3.The underlined word it in the last paragraph refers
“ ”
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文 题材是社会文化类 在美国开 to .
, 。
始盛行雇用中国换工互惠生来照看孩子 因为越来越多的父 A.how tree societies work
, “ ”
母希望孩子可以尽早学习汉语 B.how trees grow old
。
1.D 猜测词义题 根据第二段可知 Joseph Stocke让一名来 C.how forestry industry develops
。 ,
自中国的 岁女性照看他的儿子 希望对儿子未来的汉语 D.how young trees survive
25 ,
5 42 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
4.What would be the best title for the passage comes with a price. When communication becomes more
?
A.Old Trees Communicate Like Humans efficient people are able to contact one another no matter
,
B.Young Trees Are In Need Of Protection where theyareandatwhatevertimetheywishto. Theclickofa
C.Trees Are More Awesome Than You Think button allowspeoplemilesaparttotalkorseeeachotherwithout
D.Trees Contribute To Our Society even leaving their homes. With the communication gadgets
,
答案 such as mobile phones and iPads people often do not take the
,
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文 题材为科普知识类 本文介绍 effort to visit one another personally. A personal visit carries
, 。
了森林里的树木是如何互相依赖而生存的 with it the additional feature of having to be in the persons
。
1.C 猜测词义题 画线句子的前一句 ...that trees are presence for as long as the visit lasts. We cannot unnecessarily
。 “
competing forsurvivalofthefittest ... 指出树木为了生存互 excuse ourselves or turn the other person off.
, ”
相竞争 画线句子认为这一观点的对立面才是正确的 树木 With efficiency also comes mass production. Such is the
, :
之间是互相依赖和支持的关系 因此本题选择C项 nature of factories and the success of industrialization today.
。 。
2.B 细节理解题 根据文章第四段第二句 ...how dying Factories have improved efficiency. Unskillful tasks are left to
。 “
trees pass on the wealth to the next generation transporting machines and products are better made and produced with
,
important minerals to young trees... 和第五段第二句 Dying greater accuracy than any human hand could ever have done.
” “
trees move nutrition into the young trees before dying... 可以 However with the improvements in efficiency also comes the
” ,
看出本题应选择B项 loss of the personal touch when making these products. For
。
3.A 猜测词义题 倒数第二 三段一直在围绕着树木之间 example many handicrafts 手工艺品 are now produced in
。 、 , ( )
如何相互依靠 互相传递养料进行说明 因此 it指的是 群 a factory. Although this means that supply is better able to
、 , :
体树木之间是如何相互作用的 故答案为A项 increase demand now that the supply is quick and efficient
, 。 , ,
4.C 主旨要义题 本文围绕树木这个群体是如何通过相互 the demand might fall because mass production lowers the
。
依靠来生存的进行了解释说明 A项中的 old trees和 B项 quality of the handicraft and it is difficult to find unique designs
,
中的young trees都偏离了主题 故排除 文章只描述了树 on each item.
, 。
木本身这个群体 并没有强调树木为人类社会作出的贡献 Nevertheless we must not commit the mistake of
, , ,
因此排除D项 C项中的awesome 令人惊叹的 是对树木 analyzing progress only from one point of view. In fact
。 ( ) ,
如何生存做出的一个很高的评价 故选择C项 progress has allowed tradition to keep up. It is only with
, 。
[温馨提示] .Although CharlesDarwinthoughtthattreesare progress and the invention of new technology that many old
1
competing for survival of the fittest Simard shows just how products can be broughtbacktotheiroldstate. Newtechnology
,
wrong he was.虽然查尔斯 达尔文认为树木因适者生存而竞 is required for old products to stay old.
·
争 但是Simard表明他是非常错误的 It is peoples attitude towards progress that causes the type
, 。
.the forest ecological system森林生态系统 of influence that technology has on society. Technology is
2
.If we could put across the message to the forestry flexible. There is no fixed way of making use of it. Everything
3
industry we could make a huge difference towards our depends on peoples attitude. The worst effects of progress will
,
environmental protection efforts for the future.如果我们把这些 fall on those who are unable to rethink their attitudes and views
信息告诉林业行业 我们可以对未来环保的努力产生巨大 of society. When we accept progress and adapt it to suit our
,
影响 needs a new past is created.
。 , “ ”
put...across to... communicate or convey ones ideas 1.According to Paragraph progress can benefit people when
( ): ( , 1,
feelings etc. to sb. 沟通或传达 思想 感情等 又如 they are willing to .
, )( ) ( 、 )。 :
He doesntknowhowtoputhimselfacrossatinterviews.他 A.live a better life
不知道在面试时怎样把自己的意思讲清楚 B.look for better methods
。
Shes very good at putting her ideas across.她非常善于表 C.change ways of living
达思想 D.accept technology and advance steadily
。
Passage 26(2014江西,D) 2.The underlined word gadgets is closest in meaning
“ ”
Everyone looks forward to progress whether in ones to .
,
personal life or in the general society. Progress indicates a A.tools B.messages
persons ability to change the way he is living at the moment. C.barriers D.skills
Progress must lead to a better life and a better way of doing 3. The author explains efficiency comes with a price
“ ”
things. All these however remain true only in so far as by .
, ,
people want to accept technology and move forward by finding A.describing a process
new and more efficient ways of doing things. B.using examples
However at the back of the minds of many people C.following time order
, ,
especially those who miss the good old days efficiency D.making classification
“ ”,
专题十二 猜测词义 5 43
4. Compared with home⁃made handicrafts machine⁃made Every hour of our time has a value. For every hour we
,
products . work at one job we could quite easily be doing another or be
,
A.lack great accuracy sleeping or watching a film. Each of these options has a
B.lack the personal touch different opportunitycost namely whattheycostusinmissed
— ,
C.are of high value opportunities.
D.are quite welcome Sayyouintendtowatchafootballmatchbuttheticketsare
5.What can be learned about technology from Paragraph expensive and it will take you a couple of hours to get to and
4?
A.It can destroy old traditions. from the stadium. Why not you might reason watch the
, ,
B.It can lead to social progress. game from home and use the leftover money and time to have
C.It can be used to correct mistakes. dinner with friends This the alternative use of your cash and
? —
D.It can be used to preserve old products. time is the opportunity cost.
—
6.What can be concluded from the last paragraph For economists every decision is made by knowledge of
? ,
A.Progress can suit the needs of daily life. what one must forgo in terms of money and enjoyment in
— —
B.People review the past with great regret. ordertotakeitup. Byknowingpreciselywhatyouarereceiving
C.Technology should be introduced in a fixed way. and what youare missingouton yououghttobe abletomake
,
D.Peoples attitude decides the use of technology. better⁃informed more reasonable decisions. Consider that most
,
答案 famous economic rule of all theres no such thing as a free
:
[语篇解读] 本文为议论文 题材为社会生活类 众所周 lunch. Evenifsomeoneofferstotake yououttolunchforfree
, 。 ,
知 人类在追求进步 每个人都向往进步 人们通过找到更 the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you
, , 。
新的 更有效的做事方式来接受日新月异的科技 然后稳步 something in terms of forgone opportunities.
、 ,
前进 这样才能拥有更美好的生活 然而 我们应该从不同 Some people find the idea of opportunity cost extremely
, 。 ,
角度看待所谓的有效性 人们对进步所持的态度直接决定 discouraging imagine spending your entire life calculating
。 :
了科技的利用效果 whether your time would be better spent elsewhere doing
。
1.D 细节理解题 根据第一段的 All these however remain something more profitable or enjoyable. Yet in a sense its
。 , , ,
true only in so far as people want to accept technology and human naturetodopreciselythat weassesstheadvantagesand
—
move forward by finding new and more efficient ways of disadvantages of decisions all the time.
doing things.可知 此题正确答案为D In the business world a popular phrase is value for
, 。 , “
2.A 猜测词义题 画线词后面列举了手机和平板电脑 可 money. People want their cash to go as far as possible.
。 , ”
以判断 communication gadgets 指代交流工具 因此正确答 However another is fast obtaining an advantage value for
, , : “
案为A time. The biggest restriction on our resources is the number of
。 ”
3.B 推理判断题 此处表示 对于那些怀念 曾经的美好日 hours we can devote to something so we look to maximize the
。 : “ ,
子 的人来说 效率与代价并存 下文举例说明两种不同沟 return wegetonourinvestmentoftime. Byreadingthispassage
” , 。
通方式带来的弊端和好处 因此正确答案为B项 you are giving over a bit of your time which could be spent
。 。
4.B 细节理解题 根据第三段的 However with the doing other activities such as sleeping and eating. In return
。 , , ,
improvements inefficiencyalsocomesthe lossofthe personal however thispassagewillhelpyoutothinklike aneconomist
, ,
touch whenmakingtheseproducts.可知 随着效率的改进 机 closely considering the opportunity cost of each of your
, ,
器在加工产品的同时 也使得这些产品出现了个人风格的 decisions.
,
缺失 由此可见 B项是正确的 1.According to the passage the concept of opportunity
。 , 。 , “
5.D 推理判断题 根据第四段的 In fact progress has cost is applied to .
。 , ”
allowed tradition to keep up.It is only with progress and the A.making more money
invention of new technology that many old products can be B.taking more opportunities
brought back to their old state.New technology is required for C.reducing missed opportunities
old products to stay old.可知D项正确 D.weighing the choice of opportunities
。
6.D 推理判断题 根据最后一段中的 It is peoples attitude 2.The leftover...time in Paragraph probably refers to the
。 “ ” 3
towards progress that causes the type of influence that time .
technology has on society.可知D项是正确的 A.spared for watching the match at home
。
Passage 27(2014江苏,B) B.taken to have dinner with friends
However wealthy we may be we can never find enough C.spent on the way to and from the match
,
hours in the day to do everything we want. Economics deals D.saved from not going to watch the match
with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost 3.What are forgone opportunities
, ?
which simply refers to whether someones time or money could A.Opportunities you forget in decision⁃making.
be better spent on something else. B.Opportunities you give up for better ones.
5 44 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
C.Opportunities you miss accidentally. put it in the newspaper admitting that though she liked it she
, ,
D.Opportunities you make up for. didnt know where it came from or what it really meant.
答案 Two days later Alice got a call from Anne Herbert a
, ,
[语篇解读] 本文属于说明文 题材为技巧指导 文章主要 woman living in Marin. It was in a restaurant that Anne wrote
, 。
介绍了如何更好地支配自己的时间和金钱以及如何在做决 the phrase down on a piece of paper after turning it around in
,
定时考虑花费的机会成本 her mind for days.
。
1.D 猜测词义题 根据文章第三段最后一句话可知 Heres the idea Anne says. Anything you think there
。 , “ ,” “
opportunity cost 的意思就是对你金钱和时间的选择使用 should be more of do it randomly. Her fantasies include
。 , ”
由此可推断opportunity cost和 对机会选择的权衡 有关 painting theclassroomsofshabbyschools leavinghotmealson
“ ” 。 ,
故选D项 kitchen tables in the poor part of town and giving money
。 ,
2.C 推理判断题 上文提到你打算去体育场观看一场足球 secretly to a proud old lady. Anne says Kindness can build
。 , “
比赛 但门票太昂贵 而且从家到体育场的往返时间要花费 on itself as much as violence can.
, , ”
几个小时 然后提到 为什么不在家里看比赛 而把剩余的 The acts of random kindness spread. If you were one of
。 “ ,
时间和金钱用来和朋友共进晚餐呢 由此可推断 those drivers who found your fare paid who knows what you
?” ,
leftover...time 指的就是从家到体育场的往返时间 故选 might have been inspired to do for someone else later. Like all
“ ” 。
C项 great events kindness begins slowly with every single act.
。 , ,
3.B 推理判断题 根据第四段最后一句可知 即使有人带 Let it be yours
。 , !
你出去享用免费的午餐 而从 forgone opportunities 的角度 1.Why did Natalie Smith pay for the six cars behind her
, ?
来看你却要付出花费时间的代价 再结合第二句 通过准 A.She knew the car drivers well.
。 “
确了解你会得到什么和你会错失什么获利的机会 你应该 B.She wanted to show kindness.
,
能够作出更明智的选择 可推断forgone opportunities指的 C.She hoped to please others.
”
就是那些为了获得更好的机会而放弃的机会 D.She had seven tickets.
。
[温馨提示] .Economics deals with this problem through the 2.Judy Foreman copied down the phrase because she .
1
concept of opportunity cost which simply refers to whether A.thought it was beautifully written
,
someones time or money could be better spent on something B.wanted to know what it really meant
else.经济学使用机会成本这一概念解决了这种问题 所谓机 C.decided to write it on a warehouse wall
。
会成本就是一个人的时间或金钱是否可以更好地花在其他 D.wanted her husband to put it up in the classroom
事情上 3.Who came up with the phrase according to the passage
。 ?
.For economists every decision is made by knowledge of A.Judy Foreman. B.Natalie Smith.
2 ,
what one must forgo in terms of money and enjoyment in C.Alice Johnson. D.Anne Herbert.
— —
order to take it up.对于经济学家来说 为了实施一项计划 当 4.Which of the following statements is closest in meaning to
, ,
涉及金钱和快乐时 他们的每项决定都是在明白必须放弃什 the underlined sentence above
, ?
么的情况下作出的 A.Kindness and violence can change the world.
。
Passage 28(2014广东,B) B.Kindness and violence can affect ones behavior.
It was a cold winter day. Awomandrove uptothe Rainbow C.Kindness and violence can reproduce themselves.
Bridge tollbooth 收费站 . Im paying for myself and for the D.Kindness and violence can shape ones character.
( ) “ ,
six cars behind me she said with a smile handing over seven 5.What can we infer from the last paragraph
,” , ?
tickets. One after another the next six drivers arriving at the A.People should practice random kindness to those in need.
,
tollbooth were informed Some lady up ahead already paid your B.People who receive kindness are likely to offer it to others.
, “
fare. C.Peopleshouldpracticerandomkindnesstostrangerstheymeet.
”
It turned out that the woman Natalie Smith had read D.People who receive kindness are likely to pay it back to the
, ,
something ona friendsrefrigerator Practicerandom kindness giver.
: “
and senseless acts of beauty. The phrase impressed her so 答案
”
much that she copied it down. [语篇解读] 本文是记叙文 题材为生活哲理类 文章讲述
, 。
JudyForemanspottedthe same phraseonawarehousewall 一位妇女曾在朋友的冰箱上看到一句警句 从而有感而发
, 。
far awayfromhome. Whenitstayedonhermindfordays she 她在收费站为素不相识的其他六名司机支付费用 这个故事
, ,
gave upanddroveallthe waybacktocopyitdown. Ithought 告诉我们 勿以善小而不为
“ , 。
it was beautiful she said explaining why shed taken to 1.B 推理判断题 由文章第二段第一句Itturnedoutthatthe
,” , 。
writing it at the bottom of all her letters like a message from woman Natalie Smith had read something on a friends
, “ , ,
above. Her husband Frank likedthephrasesomuchthathe refrigerator Practice random kindness and senseless acts of
” , , :“
put it up on the classroom wall for his students one of whom beauty. 可知 Natalie Smith为她后面的六辆车付费的原因
, ” ,
was thedaughterofAliceJohnson alocalnewsreporter. Alice 就是她想行善 故选B
, 。 。
专题十二 猜测词义 5 45
2.A 细节理解题 从第三段第三句 I thought it was D.Attractive window display.
。 “
beautiful she said...可知选A 2.E⁃shops are mentioned in the passage to .
,” 。
3.D 推理判断题 根据第四段第二句It was in a restaurant A.show the advantages of bricks⁃and⁃mortar stores
。
that Anne wrote the phrase down on a piece of paper...可知 B.urge shop assistants to change their attitude
,
那句警句最先由Anne Herbert想出 故选D项 C.push stores to use sights and sounds
。 。
4.C 猜测词义题 画线句中的 build on 与 C 项中的 D.introduce the rise of e⁃commerce
。
reproduce对应 故本题选C项 3. The underlined word destination in Paragraph
, 。 “ ” 5
5.B 推理判断题 根据最后一段第二句可知当一个人获得别 means .
。
人的帮助时 他很有可能会将这样的善举传递给其他人 故选 A.a platform that exhibits goods
, ,
B项 D项干扰性较强 pay it back to the giver 与原文意思 B.a spot where travelers like to stay
。 ,
不符 C.a place where customers love to go
。
Passage 29(2014北京,D) D.a target that a store expects to meet
Store Scent 香味 4.The main purpose of the passage is to .
( )
What is the first thing you notice when you walk into a A.compare and evaluate B.examine and assess
shop The products displayed 展示 at the entrance Or the C.argue and discuss D.inform and explain
? ( ) ?
soft background music 答案
?
But have youevernoticedthe smell Unlessitisbad the [语篇解读] 本文为说明文 题材为社会文化 文章告诉我
? , , 。
answer is likely to be no. But while a shops scent may not be 们商店都是有它们独特的气味的 这种气味可以让顾客更加
,
outstanding compared with sights and sounds it is certainly 喜欢在商店购物
, 。
there. And it is proving to be an increasingly powerful tool in 1.B 细节理解题 根据文章第二段第三句和第四句 But
。 “
encouraging people to purchase. while a shops scent may not be outstanding compared with
A brand store has become famous for its distinctive scent sights and sounds it is certainly there. And it is proving to be
,
which floatsthroughthe fairlydarkhallandouttotheentrance an increasingly powerful tool in encouraging people to
,
via scent machines. A smell may be attractive but it may not purchase. 可知本题选择B项
” 。
just be used for freshening air. One sports goods company once 2.A 推理判断题 文章第五段第三句 But while e⁃shops can
。 “
reported that when it first introduced scent into its stores use sights and sounds only bricks⁃and⁃mortar stores 实体店
, , ( )
customers intention to purchase increased by percent. can offer a full experience from the minute customers step
80
When it comes to the best shopping streets in Paris scent throughthe door to the moment they leave. 指出实体店相对于
, ”
is just as important to a brands success as the quality of its 网店更能给顾客提供全方位的体验 目的是体现实体店的优
,
window displays and goods on sale. That is mainly because 势 故选择A项
, 。
shopping is a very different experience to what it used to be. 3.C 猜测词义题 整篇文章都在说商店中的味道可以让顾
。
Someyearsago thefocusforbrandnameshoppingwasona 客喜欢这个商店并促进购物 destination所在句的前半句中
, ,
few people with sales assistants disproving attitude and dont⁃ 也提到品牌店希望自己不只是个商店 因此可以推断
,
touch⁃what⁃you⁃cant⁃afford displays. Now the rise of electronic destination是顾客愿意去的地方 故选择C项
, 。
commerce e⁃commerce has opened up famous brands to a wider 4.D 主旨要义题 本文为说明文 作者告诉我们商店里的
( ) 。 ,
audience. But while e⁃shops can use sights and sounds only 味道在人们购物时也很重要 并对此进行了解释 因此选择
, , ,
bricks⁃and⁃mortar stores 实体店 can offer a full experience D项inform and explain告知并解释 A 对比并评价 B 测
( ) 。 : ; :
fromthe minute customers step through the door to the moment 试并评估 C 争论并讨论
; : 。
they leave. Another brand store seeks to be much more than a Passage 30(2014福建,A)
shop but rather a destination. And scent is just one way to It was Mothers Day morning last year and I was doing
,
achieve this. shopping at our local supermarket with my five⁃year⁃old son
,
Now a famous store uses complex man⁃made smell to Tenyson. As we were leaving we found that only minutes
, ,
make sure that the soft scent of baby powder floats through the earlier an elderly womanhadfallenoverattheentrance andhad
kid department and coconut 椰子 scent in the swimsuit hit her head on the concrete. Her husband was with her but
, ( ) ,
section. A department store has even opened a new lab there was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed
,
inviting customersonajourneyintothestoreswindowstosmell and clearly in shock.
books pots and drawers in search of their perfect scent. Walking towards the scene Tenyson became very upset
, , ,
1.According to the passage what is an increasingly powerful about what had happened to the couple. He said to me
, ,
tool in the success of some brand stores Mum its not much fun falling over in front of everyone.
? “ , ”
A.Friendly assistants. At the front of the supermarket a charity 慈善 group
, ( )
B.Unique scents. had set up a stand selling cooked sausages and flowers to raise
C.Soft background music. funds. Tenyson suggested that we should buy the lady a flower.
5 46 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
It will make her feel better he said. I was amazed that hed 3.C 猜测词义题 根据第四段最后一句...he was just too
“ ,” 。
come up with this sweet idea. So we went over to the flower scared to go up...可以推断儿子 害怕 鲜血和医疗设备
“ ” 。
seller and asked her if we could buy a flower for the lady to astonished 吃惊的 struck 被打击的 frightened 害怕的
; ; ;
cheer her up. Just take it she replied. I cant take your excited激动的 故答案为C项
“ ,” “ 。 。
money for such a wonderful gesture. 4.A 主旨要义题 最后两段升华文章的主题 Tenyson送花
” 。 :
By now paramedics 急救人员 had arrived and were 一事感动了老太太和她的丈夫 所以 鲜花的力量 更能体
( ) , , “ ”
attending to the injured woman. As we walked up to her my 现文章主题 故答案为A项
, , 。
son became intimidatedbyallthe bloodandmedicalequipment. Passage 31(2014天津,D)
He said he was just too scared to go up to her. People arent walking any more if they can figure out a
—
Instead I gave the flower to the womans husband and told way to avoid it.
him My sonwasveryupsetforyourwifeandwantedtogive I felt superior about this matter until the other day I took
, “
her this flower to make her feel better. my car to mail a small parcel. The journey is a matter of
” 281
At that the old man started crying and said Thank you steps. But I used the car. And I wasnt in any hurry either. I
, , “ ,
so much you have a wonderful son. Happy Mothers Day had merely become one more victim of a national sickness
, :
to you. motorosis.
”
Themanthenbentdownandgavehiswifetheflower telling It is an illness to which I had thought myself immune 免
, (
her who it wasfrom. Thoughbadlyhurtandshaken theoldlady 疫的 for I was bred in the tradition of going to places on my
, ),
looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little own two legs. At that time we regarded miles as a good
, 25
smile. days walk and the ability to cover such a distance in ten hours
1.What does the author intend to tell us as asignofstrengthandskill. Itdidnotoccurtousthatwalking
?
A.One can never be too careful. was a hardship. And the effect was lasting. When I was
45
B.Actions speak louder than words. years old I raced and beat a teenage football player the
— — 168
C.Love begins with a little smile. steps up the Statue of Liberty.
D.A small act of kindness brings a great joy. Such enterprises today are regarded by many middle⁃aged
2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage persons as bad for the heart. But a well⁃known British
?
A.The elderly woman was knocked down by Tenyson. physician Sir Adolphe Abrahams pointed out recently that
, ,
B.Tenysons idea of buying a flower gained his mothers hearts and bodies need proper exercise. A person who avoids
support. exercise is more likely to have illnesses than one who exercises
C.Tenysons care for the elderly woman puzzled the flower regularly. And walking is an ideal form of exercise the most
—
seller. familiar and natural of all.
D.The elderly woman was moved to tears by Tenysons It was Henry Thoreau who showed mankind the richness of
gesture. going on foot. The man walking can learn the trees flowers
, ,
3.The underlined word intimidated in the fourth paragraph insects birds and animals the significance of seasons the very
“ ” , , ,
probably means . feel of himselfasalivingcreatureinalivingworld. Hecannotlearn
“ ”
A.astonished B.struck inacar.
C.frightened D.excited The car is a convenient means of transport but we have
,
4.What would be the best title for the passage made it our way of life. Many people dont dare to approach
?
A.Flower Power B.Mothers Day Nature any more to them the world they were born to enjoy is
;
C.An Accidental Injury D.An Embarrassing Moment all threat. To them security is a steel river thundering on a
答案 concrete road. And much of their thinking takes place while
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文 题材为人物故事类 本文讲述 waiting for the traffic light to turn green.
, 。
了在一个母亲节的早上 作者和五岁的儿子 Tenyson到超市 I say that the green of forests is the minds best light. And
,
购物时 看见一位老太太跌倒并受伤流血 儿子主动提出买 none but the man on foot can evaluate what is basic and
, ,
花送给老太太 让她感觉更好的故事 everlasting.
, 。
1.D 推理判断题 根据倒数第二段中的the old man started 1.What is the national sickness
。 ?
crying...及最后一段中的 the old lady looked up at Tenyson A.Walking too much.
with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile可以推断送 B.Traveling too much.
花事虽小 但给受伤的老太太及其丈夫带来了无限的感动 C.Driving cars too much.
, 。
所以正确答案为D项 D.Climbing stairs too much.
。
2.B 细节理解题 Tenyson向妈妈提出要送老太太一朵花 2.What was life like when the author was young
。 , ?
妈妈带他去买并送给了老太太 可以知道 Tenyson 的想法 A.People usually went around on foot.
,
得到了妈妈的支持 故答案为B项 B.People often walked miles a day.
, 。 25
专题十二 猜测词义 5 47
C.People used to climb the Statue of Liberty. givinguporsettingasideofyourownprejudicesanddesires to
,
D.People considered a ten⁃hour walk as a hardship. experience as far as possible someone elses world from the
3.The author mentions Henry Thoreau to prove that . inside stepping into his or her shoes. Moreover since
, ,
A.middle⁃aged people like getting back to nature listening well involves bracketing it also involves a temporary
,
B.walking in nature helps enrich ones mind acceptance of the other person. Sensing this acceptance the
,
C.people need regular exercise to keep fit speaker will seem quite willing to open up the inner part of his
D.going on foot prevents heart disease or her mind to the listener. True communication is under way.
4.What is compared to a steel river in Paragraph The energy required for listening well is so great that it can be
“ ” 6?
A.A queue of cars. accomplished only by the will to extend oneself for mutual
B.A ray of traffic light. growth.
C.A flash of lightning. Most ofthetimewelackthisenergy. Eventhoughwemay
D.A stream of people. feel in our business dealings or social relationships that we are
5.What is the authors intention of writing this passage listening well what we are usually doing is listening
? ,
A.To tell people to reflect more on life. selectively. Often we have a prepared list in mind and wonder
,
B.To recommend people to give up driving. as we listen how we can achieve certain desired results to get
,
C.To advise people to do outdoor activities. theconversationoverasquicklyaspossibleorredirectedinways
D.To encourage people to return to walking. more satisfactory to us. Many of us are far more interested in
答案 talking than in listening or we simply refuse to listen to what
,
[语篇解读] 本文是说明文 题材为生活热点 步行可以使 we dont want to hear.
, 。
我们更好地了解自然和自我 这一点是开车所无法带来的 It wasnt until toward the end of my doctor career that I
, 。
1.C 细节理解题 由第二段最后一句 I had merely become have found the knowledge that one is being truly listened to is
。
one more victim of a national sickness motorosis.可知 国民 frequently therapeutic 有疗效的 . In about a quarter of the
: , ( )
的通病就是开车太多 patients I saw surprising improvement was shown during the
。 ,
2.A 细节理解题 由第三段中for I was bred in the tradition first fewmonthsofthepsychotherapy 心理疗法 beforeany
。 ( ),
of going to places on my own two legs可知 作者小时候的 oftherootsofproblemshadbeenuncoveredorexplained. There
,
传统就是无论去哪里都靠两条腿 故选择A项 are several reasons for this phenomenon but chief among
, 。 ,
3.B 推理判断题 根据第五段的描述可知 步行可以使人 them I believe was the patients sense that he or she was
。 , , ,
更好地了解自然界和自我 由此可推断作者引用 Henry being trulylistenedto oftenforthefirsttimeinyears andfor
。 , ,
Thoreau的例子就是为了证明步行能丰富人的思维 故 some perhaps for the first time ever.
。 ,
选B 1.The phrase steppingintohisor her shoes inParagraph
。 “ ” 2
4.A 猜测词义题 由画线词后面的内容 thundering on a probably means .
。 “
concrete road在混凝土路面上轰隆隆地移动 可猜测出 作 A.preparing a topic list first
” ,
者在这里把a steel river比作川流不息的车队 B.focusing on ones own mind
。
5.D 主旨要义题 文章最后一段告诉我们 绿色可以净化 C.directing the talk to the desired results
。 ,
人的心灵 步行者可以判断什么是基本和永恒的东西 由 D.experiencing the speakers inside world
, 。
此可判断作者的写作目的是鼓励我们多步行 故选D 2.What is mainly discussed in Paragraph
。 。 2?
[温馨提示] A.How to listen well.
.Thejourneyisamatterof steps.距离至多有 步 B.What to listen to.
1 281 281 。
a matter of not more than 不多于 至多 又如 C.Benefits of listening.
: , 。 :
Ill be back in a matter of hours.用不了几小时我就回来 D.Problems in listening.
。
.To them security is a steel river thundering on a concrete 3.According to the author in communication people tend to
2 ,
road.对于他们来说 安全就是在混凝土路面上轰隆隆作响的 .
,
钢铁巨流 A.listen actively
“ ”。
Passage 32(2013江西,C) B.listen purposefully
Many people think that listening is a passive business. It is C.set aside their prejudices
just the opposite. Listening well is an active exercise of our D.open up their inner mind
attention and hard work. It is because they do not realize this 4.Accordingtotheauthor thepatientsimprovedmainlybecause
, ,
or becausetheyarenotwillingtodothework thatmostpeople .
,
do not listen well. A.they were taken good care of
Listening well also requires total concentration upon B.they knew they were truly listened to
someone else. An essential part of listening well is the rule C.they had partners to talk to
known as bracketing . Bracketing includes the temporary D.they knew the roots of problems
‘ ’
5 48 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
5.What type of writing is the article likely to be bean 豆 cheeseandotherflavors alsodoeswellandisfun
? ( ), —
A.Science fiction. B.A news report. to taste. And for chocolate snobs who think that they have a
,
C.A medical report. D.Popular science. better knowledge of chocolate than others the Connoisseur
,
答案 Series uses cocoa beans from Togo Cuba Venezuela and
, , ,
[语篇解读] 本文为议论文 题材是科普知识类 在日常交 Ghana among others.
, 。 ,
流中我们往往倾向于说而不愿意听 但是如何倾听他人是 1.What is good about chocolate
。 ?
一门艺术 掌握它会让我们受益匪浅 作者从医生和病人的 A.It serves as a suitable gift.
, 。
角度论述了该话题 B.It works as an effective medicine.
。
1.D 猜测词义题 根据画线部分前的描述 尽可能去感受 C.It helps improve the state of mind.
。 :
另外一个人的内心世界 由此可以推断出画线部分的意思 D.It strengthens business relations.
。
是 感受说话者的内心世界 故选D项 2.Why is Chris Lee able to develop his idea of the CRF
: , 。 ?
2.A 主旨要义题 根据第二段第一句话 Listening well also A.He knows the importance of research.
。
requires total concentration upon someone else.以及后面对该 B.He learns from shops of similar types.
话题的论述所使用的 includes involves required 等可知该 C.He has the support of many big names.
, ,
段的中心就是 如何很好地去倾听 故选A项 D.He has a lot of marketing experience.
: , 。
3.B 推理判断题 根据第三段中的 listening selectively a 3.Which line of the CRF produce sells best
。 , ?
prepared list in mind achieve certain desired results等可以推 A.The Connoisseur Series. B.The Exotic Series.
,
断出在日常交流中我们倾向于有目的地 有选择地 为了达 C.The Alcohol Series. D.The Sichuan Series.
、 、
到某种想要的结果去听别人说话 故选B项 4.The words chocolate snobs in Paragraph probably
“ ” 3
, 。
refer to people who .
4.B 细节理解题 根据最后一段的最后一句中的he or she
。
A.are particular about chocolate
was being truly listened to可知选B项 A C两项文中没有
。 、
B.know little about cocoa beans
提及 D项与文章相反
; 。
C.look down upon others
5.D 推理判断题 本文就如何倾听别人的话展开论述 由
。 ,
D.like to try new flavors
此推断这属于大众科学之类 A 科幻小说 B 新闻报道
。 : ; : ; 答案
C 医学报告 D 大众科学 故选D项
: ; : 。 。 [语篇解读] 本文为说明文 题材是饮食与健康类 巧克力
长难句 The energyrequiredfor listeningwell issogreat that , 。
是我们日常生活中很多人喜爱的一种食品 但是你了解它对
it can be accomplished only by the will to extend oneself for ,
我们的情绪有什么影响吗 市场上到底有多少种巧克力
mutual growth.很好地倾听别人的话需要付出的精力是如此大, ? ?
哪一种最受人们喜爱 一个新加坡人给出了答案
以至于只有在我们甘愿尽我们最大努力想去共同成长时才能 ? 。
1.C 细节理解题 根据文章第一句话中的 many peoples
达到。 。
moods 情绪 are regulated by the chemical action of
整个句式为so adj. that...如此……以至于……,that引 ( )
+ + chocolate可知巧克力可以改善人的心情 故选C项
导结果状语从句。 required for listening well是过去分词短语 , 。
2.D 推理判断题 根据第二段中的...but also head of a
作后置定语,修饰energy。 。
marketing department that...That idea surely results in...可推
Passage 33(2013课标全国Ⅱ,C)
断出他这种想法的形成得益于他丰富的市场经验 故选
Given that many peoples moods 情绪 are regulated by ,
( ) D项
the chemical action of chocolate it was probably only a matter 。
, 3.C 细节理解题 根据最后一段的 with the Alcohol Series
of time before somebody made the chocolate shop similar to a 。
being the most popular可知答案为C项
drugstore of Chinese medicine. Looking like a setting from the 。
4.A 猜测词义题 根据后面定语从句句意 他们认为自己比别
film Charlie &the Chocolate Factory Singapores Chocolate 。 “
, 人更了解巧克力 可推断出答案为A项 对巧克力很挑剔
Research Facility CRF has over varieties of chocolates. ” : 。
( ) 100 长难句 Given that many peoples moods are regulated by
Its founderisChrisLeewhogrewupathisparentscornerstore
the chemical action of chocolate,it was probably only a matter
with one hand almost always in the jar of sweets.
of time before somebody made the chocolate shop similar to a
If the CRF seems to be a smart idea thats because Lee is
, drugstore of Chinese medicine.鉴于很多人的情绪会受到巧克
not merely a seasoned salesperson but also head of a marketing
力的化学作用的调节,那么有人把巧克力商店变成和销售中
department that has business relations with big names such as
药的药店类似的商店可能只是个时间问题了。
Levis and Sony. That idea surely results in the imagination at
given that意为:考虑到,鉴于……情况,引导原因状语从
work when it comes to making different flavored 味道
( ) 句。 主句中含有一个 before 引导的时间状语从句,意为:在
chocolates.
……之前。 its just/only a matter of time...……只是时间
The CRFs produce is green made within the country
“ ”, 问题。
and divided into lines with the Alcohol Series being the
10 ,
most popular. The Exotic Series with Sichuan pepper red
— ,
专题十二 猜测词义 5 49
Passage 34(2013辽宁,D) 意思可能是 缺陷 毛病 问题 故选D explanation解释
“ , , ”, 。 ;
Indeed George Washingtonwrote inhisdiaryin finding调查发现 origin起源 由来
“ ,” 1785, ; , 。
somekindoffly orbug hadbeguntoeattheleavesbeforeI 3.B 主旨要义题 通读全文可知答案为B
“ , , 。 。
left home. ButthefatherofAmericawasnotthefatherofbug. Passage 35(2013山东,D)
”
WhenWashingtonwrotethat Englishmenhadbeenreferringto Sparrow is a fast⁃food chain with restaurants. Some
, 200
insects as bugs for more than a century and Americans had yearsago thegrouptowhichSparrowbelongedwastakenover
, ,
already created lightning⁃bug 萤火虫 . But the English were by another company. Although Sparrow showed no sign of
( )
soon to stop using the bugs in their language leaving it to the declining the chain was generally in an unhealthy state. With
, ,
Americans to call a bug a bug in the nineteenth and twentieth more and more fast⁃food concepts reaching the market the
,
centuries. Sparrow menu had to struggle for attention. And to make
The American bug could also be a person referring to matters worse itsnewownerhadnoplanstogiveitthefundsit
, ,
someone who was crazy about a particular activity. Although required.
fan became the usual term sports fans used to be called racing Sparrow failed to grow for another two years until a new
, ,
bugs baseball bugs and the like. CEO Carl Pearson decided to build up its market share. He
, , , ,
Or the bug could be a small machine or object for did a survey which showed that consumers who already used
, ,
example a bug⁃shaped car. The bug could also be a burglar Sparrow restaurants were extremely positive about the chain
, ,
alarm from which comes the expression to bug that is to while customers of other fast⁃food chains were unwilling to turn
, , , “
install 安装 an alarm . Now it means a small piece of away from them. Sparrow had to develop a new promotional
( ) ”
equipment that people use for listening secretly to others campaign.
conversations. Since the s to bug has long meant to Pearson facedabattleoverthefutureoftheSparrowbrand.
1840 , “
cheat and since the s it has been annoying. The chains owner now favored rebranding Sparrow as Marcys
”, 1940
We also know the bug as a flaw in a computer program or restaurants. Pearson resisted arguing for an advertising
,
other design. That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas campaign designed to convince customers that visits to Sparrow
Edison. In he explained bugs as little problems and restaurants were fun. Such an attempt to establish a positive
1878 “
difficulties that required months of study and labor to relationship between a company and the general public was
”
overcome in developing a successful product. In it was unusual for that time. Pearson strongly believed that numbers
1889
recorded that Edison had been up the two previous nights were thekeytosuccess ratherthancustomersspendingpower.
“ ,
discovering a bug in his invented record player. Finally the owner accepted his idea.
‘ ’ ” ,
1.We learn from Paragraph that . The campaignitselfchangedthetraditionaladvertisingstyle
1
A.Americans had difficulty in learning to use the word bug of the fast⁃food industry. The TV ads of Sparrow focused on
B.George Washington was the first person to call an insect entertainment and featuredoriginalsongsperformedbya variety
a bug of stars. Instead of showing the superiority of a specific
C.the word bug was still popularly used in England in the product the intention was to put Sparrow in the hearts of
,
nineteenth century potential customers.
D.both Englishmen and Americans used the word bug in the Pearsonalsomadeotherdecisionswhichhe believedwould
eighteenth century contribute to the new Sparrow image. For example he offered
,
2.What does the word flaw in the last paragraph probably to lower the rent of any restaurants which achieved a certain
“ ”
mean increase in their turnover 营业额 .
? ( )
A.Explanation. B.Finding. These efforts paid off and Sparrow soon became one of
,
C.Origin. D.Fault. the most successful fast⁃food chains in the regions where it
3.The passage is mainly concerned with . operated.
A.the misunderstanding of the word bug 1.Which was one of the problems Sparrow faced before Pearson
B.the development of the word bug became CEO
?
C.the public views of the word bug A.The number of its customers was declining.
D.the special characteristics of the word bug B.Its customers found the food unhealthy.
答案 C.It was in need of financial support.
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文 题材为社会文化 主要介绍了 D.Most of its restaurants were closed.
, ,
bug这一单词词义的发展过程 2.What does the underlined word them in Paragraph
。 “ ” 2
1.D 细节理解题 根据第一段可知 在 世纪美国人和英 refer to
。 , 18 ?
国人都使用bug这一单词 故选D项 A.Customers of Sparrow restaurants.
, 。
2.D 猜测词义题 根据下文 In he explained bugs...to B.Sparrow restaurants.
。 “ 1878
overcome in developing a successful product 可推断flaw的 C.Customers of other fast⁃food chains.
”
5 50 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
D.Other fast⁃food chains. Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more
3.For what purpose did Pearson start the advertising campaign likely tofeelasenseoffearatthe momentwhentheirheartsare
?
A.To build a good relationship with the public. contracting 收缩 and pumping blood around their bodies
( ) ,
B.To stress the unusual tradition of Sparrow. compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed.
C.To learn about customers spending power. Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to
D.To meet the challenge from Marcys restaurants. influence how the brain responds to a fearful event depending
,
4.The TV ads of Sparrow . on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and
A.changed peoples views on pop stars relaxation.
B.amused the public with original songs Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School
C.focused on the superiority of its products said Our study shows for the first time that the way in which
: “
D.influenced the eating habits of the audience we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful
5.What was Pearsons achievement as a CEO pictures in relation to our heart.
? ”
A.He managed to pay off Sparrows debts. The study tested healthy volunteers on their reactions to
20
fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. Dr Garfinkel
B.He made Sparrow much more competitive.
said The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed
C.He helped Sparrow take over a company.
, “
when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. Thus our
D.He improved the welfare of Sparrow employees.
hearts can also affect what we see and what we dont see and
答案
—
guide whether we see fear.
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文 题材是计划与愿望实现类 快 ”
, 。 To further understand this relationship the scientists also
餐连锁店Sparrow遇到了前所未有的困难 在此危难关头新 ,
, used a brain scanner 扫描仪 to show how the brain
的CEO Pearson 用自己独特的经营理念拯救了它 使它一跃 ( )
, influences the way the heart changes a persons feeling of fear.
成为最成功的快餐连锁店之一
。 We have found an important mechanism by which the
1.C 细节理解题 根据第一段最后一句话 而更糟糕的是 “
。 : heart and brain speakto each other to change our feelings and
它的新老板没有计划投入饭店所需要的资金 故选 C 项 ‘
, 。 reduce fear Dr Garfinkel said.
第一段描述的就是在 Pearson成为新的 CEO前的情况 根 ,”
, We hope that by increasing our understanding about how
据no sign of declining排除A项 B D两项该段没有提及 “
; 、 。 fear isdealtwithandwaysthatitcouldbereduced wemaybe
2.D 猜测词义题 该句表达 那些在Sparrow消费过的顾客 ,
。 : able todevelopmoresuccessfultreatmentsforanxietydisorders
对其充满积极支持的态度 而那些其他快餐店的顾客也不 ,
, and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress
愿意离开它们 也就是other fast⁃food chains 故选D项
。 , 。 disorder.
3.A 细节理解题 根据第三段的第三 四句话可知这次广 ”
。 、 1.What is the finding of the study
告活动的目的就是为了和大众建立良好的关系 故选 ?
, A.Ones heart affects how he feels fear.
A项
。 B.Fear is a result of ones relaxed heartbeat.
4.B 细节理解题 根据第四段中的 and featured original
。 C.Fear has something to do with ones health.
songsperformedby可知这次广告是靠原唱歌曲来取悦大众
D.Ones fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.
的 故选B项
, 。 2.The study was carried out by analyzing .
5.B 推理判断题 最后一段总结 这些努力得到了回报
。 : , A.volunteers heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures
Sparrow连锁店很快成了它的运作地区最成功的快餐连锁
B.thetimevolunteerssawfearfulpicturesandtheirhealthconditions
店之一 由此我们推断出新的 CEO 使得 Sparrow 具有了
。 C.volunteers reactions to horrible pictures and data from their
非常强的竞争力 故选B项
, 。 brain scans
长难句 He did a survey, which showed that consumers
D. different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart⁃
who already used Sparrow restaurants were extremely positive brain communication
about the chain, while customers of other fast⁃food chains were 3. Which of the following is closest in meaning to
unwilling to turn away from them.他做了一项调查,调查表明 mechanism in Paragraph
“ ” 6?
那些已经在Sparrow饭店消费过的顾客对该连锁店持有非常 A.Order. B.System.
积极乐观的态度,而那些其他连锁店的顾客不愿意离开 C.Machine. D.Treatment.
它们。 4.This study may contribute to .
which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词 survey。 A.treating anxiety and stress better
while在此处是连词,意为:而,却,表示前后的对比。 B.explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety
Passage 36(2013四川,E) C.finding the key to the heart⁃brain communication
Fear may be felt in the heart as well as in the head D.understanding different fears in our hearts and heads
,
accordingtoastudythathasfoundalinkbetweenthecyclesofa 答案
beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear. [语篇解读] 本文为说明文 题材为科普知识 文章介绍了
, 。
专题十二 猜测词义 5 51
恐惧与心脏之间的关系 尤其是心脏在收缩时人们对恐惧的 strong and striking.
,
反应 1.Unlike real inland seas the Atlantic Ocean is .
。 ,
1.A 细节理解题 根据文章第二段第一句可知 A项正确 A.always energetic
。 ,
心脏影响人们对恐惧的反应 B.lacking in liveliness
。
2.C 细节理解题 根据文章第四 五段可知C项正确 C.shaped like a square
。 、 。
3.B 猜测词义题 句意 我们已经发现了一个重要的 D.favored by ancient poets
。 :
通过它心脏和大脑可以对话从而改变我们的感觉 2.What is the purpose of using the poem Storm at Sea in the
, “ ”
并减少恐惧 可以猜测出此词应为 系统 故选B passage
。 “ ”, 。 ?
4.A 细节理解题 根据文章最后一段可知A项正确 A.To describe the movement of the waves.
。 。
Passage 37(2013重庆,D) B.To show the strength of the storm.
Not allbodiesofwateraresoevidentlyaliveastheAtlantic C.To represent the power of the ocean.
Ocean an S⁃shaped body of water covering million square D.To prove the vastness of the sea.
, 33
miles. The Atlantic has in a sense replaced the 3.What does the underlined word symbiotic mean
, , “ ” ?
Mediterranean as the inland sea of Western civilization. Unlike A.Living together.
realinlandseas whichseem strangelystill the Atlantic isrich B.Growing fast.
, ,
in oceanic liveliness. It is perhaps not surprising that its vitality C.Moving harmoniously.
has been much written about by ancient poets. D.Breathing peacefully.
Storm at Sea a short poem written around is 4.In the last paragraph the Atlantic is compared to .
“ ”, 700, ,
generally regarded as one of mankinds earliest artistic A.a beautiful and poetic place
representations of the Atlantic. B.a flesh and blood person
When the wind is from the west C.a wonderful world
All the waves that cannot rest D.a lovely animal
To the east must thunder on 答案
Where the bright tree of the sun [语篇解读] 本文为说明文 题材为地理环境介绍 说明了
, ,
Is rooted in the oceans breast. 大西洋富有力量 和谐和多变的自然特点
、 。
As the poem suggests the Atlantic is never dead and dull. 1.A 细节理解题 根据第一段中 the Atlantic is rich in
, 。
It is anoceanthatmoves impressivelyandendlessly. Itmakes oceanic liveliness可知大西洋充满了活力 故选A项
, , 。
all kinds of noise it is forever thundering boiling crashing 2.C 推理判断题 第一段说明了大西洋富有活力的特点
— , , , 。
and whistling. 后 作者通过一首古诗印证 接着用一句话对诗歌进行了总
, ,
It is easy to imagine the Atlantic trying to draw breath 结 As the poem suggests the Atlantic is never dead and dull.
— : ,
perhaps not so noticeably out in mid⁃ocean but where it meets 由此可判断作者引用诗歌的目的是展现大西洋的力量 故
, ,
land its waters bathing up and down a sandy beach. It mimics 选C项
, 。
模仿 nearly perfectly the steady breathing of a living 3.A 猜测词义题 根据下文的描述可知在大西洋生活的大
( ) 。
creature. It is filled with symbiotic existences too 量生物和谐共处 由此可推断 symbiotic 的意思为 共生
, ; , “
unimaginable quantities of creatures little and large alike mix 的 故选A项
, , ”, 。
within its depths in a kind of oceanic harmony giving to the 4.B 细节理解题 根据最后一段中的关键词 psychology
, 。 ,
waters a feeling of heartbeat a kind of sub⁃ocean vitality. And personalities可知作者把大西洋比喻成了一个有血有肉有
,
it has a psychology. It has personalities sometimes peaceful 情感的人 故选B项
: , 。
and pleasant on rare occasions rough and wild always it is
, ;
学生用书P230
一、推测代词指代含义 例1 (2019课标全国 , A片段)
Ⅱ
My Favourite Books
Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co⁃author of the
This Book Will series 系列 of lifestyle books. Here she picks
( )
her top reads.
Matilda
Roald Dahl
IoncewroteapaperontheinfluenceoffairytalesonRoald
5 52 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
Dahls writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange 词ocelots是指一种濒临灭绝的野猫
。
and delightful worlds. Matildas battles with her cruel parents 3.利用文章中的举例来猜测词义
and the bossyheadmistress MissTrunchbull are equallyfunny 在阅读理解中考生可以根据文章所举的例子 从具体到
, , ,
and frightening but theyre also aspirational. 一般 推断出该生词的意思
, , 。
Who does I refer to in the text 例5 The course gives you chances to know great power
“ ” ?
A.Stephen King. B.Gillian Flynn. polities between nation states. It will provide more space to
C.Jo Usmar. D.Roald Dahl. study particular issues such as relationship among countries in
解析 根据第一段可知本文是作者 Jo Usmar 的书评 the European Union the third world debt the local and
。 , ,
再根据文中 I once wroteapaperontheinfluenceoffairytales international disagreement and the work of such international
“ ,
on RoaldDahlswritinganditgave me... 可推断出此处 I 指 bodiesastheUnitedNations theEuropeanUnion NATO and
” “ ” , , ,
的是Jo Usmar the World Bank.
。
答案 C 解析 根据such as 后面列举的一系列例子可推断句中
的issues 应该是指 议题
二、推测画线单词或短语的含义 “ ”。
4.利用对比或比较的词语来猜测词义
当作者强调的事物之间有区别或对立时 往往会运用对
,
比的手法 即运用有对比关系的词语 例如反义词 也可以暗
, , ,
示出生词的含义 注意这些词语和内容则能帮助判断所需
。
内容 能体现对比关系或比较关系的词汇很多 主要有but
。 , ,
yet however while unlike instead like similarly on the other
, , , , , , ,
hand on the contrary in contrast to等 标点符号中的分号也
, , 。
可表示对比
。
例6 A childsbirthdaypartydoesnthavetobeahassle it
;
can be a basket of fun.
What does the underlined word hassle probably mean
“ ” ?
A.A party designed by specialists.
B.A plan requiring careful thought.
C.A situation causing difficulty or trouble.
1.利用定义来猜测词义
D.A demand made by guests.
在许多情况下 作者估计某个词一般读者不熟悉 则会
解析 根据分号可知句子前后为对比关系 这里 hassle
, ,
,
在文章中给出该词的定义或解释 这种解释可能是一种重
和 a basket of fun 是相反的意思 由此推断答案为C
。
, 。
复说明或定义 通过阅读定义和解释部分 读者便可理解该
。 , 例7 Green loves to talk and his brothers are similarly
,
词的基本含义 线索词有that which is等
loquacious.
。 , , 。
例2 Ventilation as you know is a system or means of
解析 该句中的副词 similarly 表明 loves to talk 和
, ,
providing fresh air. It plays a very important part in the field of
loquacious 之间是比较关系 其意义相近 由此可推断出
, 。
engineering.
loquacious的意思是 健谈的
“ ”。
解析 句中的 Ventilation 可能是个生词 但 is 后面是
“ ” ,
5.利用构词法来猜测词义
对该词的明确定义 什么系统或什么手段才能提供新鲜空
分析复合词 如果一个生词是由两个或两个以上的单词
。
:
气呢 由此推断画线词意为 通风系统
构成的复合词 可以从该词的各个部分的特定意思及联系上
? “ ”。
,
2.利用同位语来猜测词义
下文猜出该词的意思 考生同时要了解构词法知识 掌握课
。 ,
通常引出该词同位语的词或短语有 or that is in other
程标准所要求的前缀 后缀
, ,
、 。
words等 还有的同位语以括号或破折号的形式出现 在这
, 。 例8 Do you have any strong opinion on co⁃educational or
些标记词后考生可较易找到同画线词意义相同或相近的词
single⁃sex schools
。
?
例3 Before the main business of a conference begins the
解析 根据词根educational 教育的 结合前缀co⁃ 共
,
( ), (
chairman usually makes a short preliminary speech or make a
同 一起 和 single⁃sex schools 可猜测 co⁃educational 的意思
,
, ) ,
few preliminary remarks. In other words he says a few things
是 男女同校教育的
,
“ ”。
by way of introduction.
例9 Its a quiet comfortable hotel overlooking the bay in
,
解析 根据下文的线索词 In other words 和其后的内容
an uncommercialized Cornish fishing village on Englands most
可推断 preliminary speech 的意思是在开会之前主席所做的
southerly point.
一些简单的介绍 或者说是 开场白
解析 后缀 ⁃ize 的意思是 使成为 使 化 结
, “ ”。
“ ” “ ……; …… ”,
例4 In fact only about ocelots an endangered wild
合词根commercial 商业的 可猜测 uncommercialized 的意
, 80 ,
( ), “ ”
cat exist in the U.S. today.
思为 未被商业化的
,
“ ”。
解析 由同位语an endangered wild cat可迅速推断画线
专题十二 猜测词义 5 53
6.利用上下文语境,通过对对应结构或平行结构中的同 三、推测画线句子的含义
义词、反义词进行推断来猜测词义。
1.根据上下文,利用顺向或反向关系推测
例10 Is it possible to beat high blood pressure without
例13 Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every
drugs The answer is yes according to the researchers at
? “ ”, hotel intownseemstobeaddinganewwingorcocktaillounge.
Johns Hopkins and three other medical centers.
Hilton is building its own hotel there which you may be sure
解析 根据andthree othermedicalcenters这种并列关系 ,
will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars the Lear
,
可推断 Johns Hopkins 是一家医疗中心
“ ” 。 Lounge the Banquo Banqueting Room and so forth and will
7.利用因果关系来猜测词义 , , ,
be very expensive.
因果关系是一种常见的 行之有效的提供生词词义信息
、 By saying Stratford cries poor traditionally the author
“ ”,
的逻辑关系 一定的原因会导致一定的结果 某一结果总是
。 , implies that .
由某种或某些原因引起的 作者在叙述原因的过程中就必
。 A.Stratford cannot afford the expansion projects
然会把词或句子置于因果关系中 常见的表示因果关系的
。 B.Stratford has long been in financial difficulties
词汇有 since as because for so thus consequently therefore
, , , , , , , , C.the town is not really short of money
hence due to result in result from as a result for this reason
, , , , , , D.the townsfolk used to be poorly paid
accordingly so that so...that such...that等
, , , 。 解析 推测 Stratford cries poor traditionally 的暗含意
“ ”
例11 I feel that since you are my superior it would be
, 义 不能只看画线句本身 要结合前后文看作者的主要意图
, ,
presumptuous of me to tell you what to do.
是什么 原句说斯特拉特福小镇经常哭穷 但根据
。 ,
The word presumptuous in the passage is closest in
“ ” Nevertheless可判断出前后句之间是相反关系 因而判定画线
,
meaning to .
“ ” 句与下文语义相反 即可根据反向关系推测前文所说情况并
,
A.full of respect B.too confident and rude
非真实 即小镇并非真的穷 下文的具体内容也印证了这一
, 。
C.lacking in experience D.too shy and quiet
点 如 Hilton is building its own hotel there and will be very
解析 根据 since 引导的原因状语从句的内容 既然你 , “ ”“
( expensive 由此可知小镇在建设希尔顿酒店并且装修非常
”,
是我的上司 可以推断出 presumptuous 的意思为 自负的
), “ ” “ , 昂贵 说明小镇并不是真的穷
, 。
放肆的 故选B
”, 。 答案 C
8.利用上下文来猜测词义
2.结合主语,寻找对应结构
例12 (2019课标全国 , B片段)
Ⅱ 例14 Whateverhappenedtothedeathofnewspapers Ayear
?
I guess that theres probably some demanding work
ago the end seemed near. The recession 经济衰退 threatened to
( )
schedule or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an
, remove the advertising and readers that had not already fled to the
unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try
Internet. Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were
againandtugattheheartstrings. Imentionthesingleparentwith
chronicling their own doom. Americas Federal Trade commission
four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a
launched a round of talks about howto save newspapers.
team that his kids arent even on...At this point the unwilling
By saying Newspapers like...their own doom. the author
“ ”,
parent speaks up Alright. Yes Ill do it.
, “ , ” indicates that newspapers .
What does the underlined phrase tug at the heartstrings
“ ” A.neglected the sign of crisis
in paragraph mean
2 ? B.failed to get state subsidies
A.Encourage teamwork.
C.were not charitable corporations
B.Appeal to feelings.
D.were in a desperate situation
C.Promote good deeds.
解析 该题的关键在于抓住描述的对象是报纸 题干问
。
D.Provide advice.
Newspapers like...their own doom. 这句话说明报纸怎么了
解析 根据逻辑信号词 So 和关键词 persuading 可初 “ ” ,
“ ” “ ” 首先确定定位的对象是报纸发生了什么事 结合上下文谈及
,
步推断画线短语的意思与 说服 或 劝说 相关 再根据下文
“ ” “ ” ; 报纸 的 句 子 如 Whatever happened to the death of
, : “
作者为打感情牌所列举的种种困难以及关键信息 Alright.
“ newspapers 和 how to save newspapers 这两处说明报纸面
?” “ ”
Yes Ill do it. 可推断出 我 成功地触动了对方的心弦
, ” “ ” 。 临灭亡的命运 文章在讨论如何拯救它们 所以这句话也应
答案 B , 。
在谈论报纸的命运问题 而且意思应该是一致的 因为文中
, ,
并没有出现转折
。
答案 D
5 54 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
A 组 考点基础题组 学生用书P233
Passage1(2021河南郑州二模,C) A.Tour groups are not welcome among Arctic residents.
The icy beauty of the Arctic attracts thousands of visitors B.The Arctics population has been rising in recent years.
every year to see its wonderful wildlife landscape and local C.Visitors should choose suitable tour groups when visiting.
,
cultures.Visitors can take ships on a voyage along the Arctic D.Tour groups should get permission from local communities.
Ocean or take flights to cities along the Arctic edge. No matter 4.What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage
?
how one gets there they should wear warm clothes and get A.To inform visitors of local culture.
,
ready to take in the attractions. B.To recommend some activities to visitors.
Traveling totheArcticleavesanunforgettableimpressionon C.To introduce a popular tourist destination.
“
the visitor. Its vast expanse and the fragility of itsenvironment are D.To share a travel experience in the Arctic.
two things that really blow away people said Cheryl Rosa the 答案
,” ,
director of the USArctic Research Commission. 1.D
Visitors to the Arctic Circle will have a lot of activities to 2.B
choose from if they want to see all that the region has to offer. 3.C
Hiking withsnowshoes dogsleddingandkayakingarecommon 4.C
,
activities.Visitors with sharp eyes are likely to spot polar bears. Passage2(2021江西九江二模,C)
To get even closer to the animals of the sea visitors can go Range anxiety 里程焦虑 the fear of running out of
, ( ),
snorkeling with seals. Of course Arctic adventures arent power before being able to recharge an electric vehicle may be
, ,
complete without viewing the wonders of the Arctic Circles a thing of the past according to a team of Penn State engineers
,
large glaciers and icebergs as well. who arelookingatlithiumironphosphatebatteries 磷酸铁锂电
(
One of the most impressive attractions and maybe the most 池 that have a range of miles with the ability to charge in
) 250
difficult to see is the Northern Lights one of the seven natural minutes.
, 10
wonders oftheworld.Theyarenaturallightsthatglowgreenand We developed a pretty clever battery for mass⁃market
“
light up the horizon.Sometimes they appear as waves that dance electric vehicles said Chao⁃Yang Wang a professor and
,” ,
across the sky in different colors. director of the Electrochemical Engine Center at Penn State.
The bestplacestoviewtheNorthernLightsareinNorthern There is no more range anxiety and this battery is affordable.
“ ”
Norway Swedens Abisko National Park Iceland Americas The researchers also say that the battery should be good for
, , , 2
Alaska or Canadas Yukon according to space.com. Charles million miles in its lifetime.
,
Deehr an expert at the University of Alaska Fairbanks TheyreporttodayinNatureEnergythatthekeytolong⁃life
,
Geophysical Institute recommended planning a trip between and rapid recharging is the batterys ability to quickly heat up to
,
winter and spring especially when there is a new moon. degreesFahrenheit forchargeanddischarge andthencool
, 140 , ,
Even though the Arctic is a popular tourist destination down when the battery is not working.
,
dont forget that people live here too. It is recommended that The battery uses a self⁃heating approach previously
“
visitors gowithtourgroupsthatarerespectfulofArcticresidents developed in Wangs center. The self⁃heating battery uses a thin
居民 and their culture said Rosa. Too many people can sheet ofnickelfoil 镍箔 withoneendattachedtothe negative
( ) ,” “ ( )
disturb the small villages. Finding tour groups that work with terminal andtheotherextendingoutside the celltocreatea third
local communities is important. terminal.Once electrons flow it rapidly heats up the nickel foil
” ,
1.The underlinedpart blowaway inParagraph probably through resistance heating and warms the inside of the battery.
“ ” 2
means . Once the batterys internal temperature is degrees F the
“ ” 140 ,
A.defeat B.affect switch opens and the battery is ready for rapid charge or
C.move D.impress discharge.
2.What can we know about the Northern Lights This battery has slenderized weight volume and cost
? “ , ,”
A.They only produce green light at night. said Wang. Iamveryhappythatwefinallyfoundabatterythat
“
B.They are natural lights and hard to see. will benefit the mainstream consumer mass market. According
”
C.They seldom occur between winter and spring. to Wang these smaller batteries can produce a large amount of
,
D.The best time to view them is when there is a full moon. power upon heating. An electric vehicle with this battery could
3.What can be inferred from the last paragraph go from zero to miles per hour in seconds and would drive
? 60 3
专题十二 猜测词义 5 55
like a Porsche he said. This is how we are going to change the more pheromones as they return to the nest. Stronger trails are
, “
environment and not contribute to just the luxury cars said more likely to be followed so trails leading to food become
,” ,
Wang. Let everyone afford electric vehicles. progressively reinforced while trails with no food in the end
“ ” ,
1.Which can best describe the battery in the text fade away.
?
A.Cheap and heavy. B.Costly but beneficial. This combination of positive feedback and evaporation 蒸
(
C.Expensive but small⁃sized. D.Affordable and efficient. 发 produces an effective foraging system that is very good at
)
2.Why can the battery be used for long and charged so fast finding the quickest routes to food. This simple guiding
?
A.It is environmentally friendly. principle and others like it have provided some useful
, ,
B.It heats up and cools down rapidly. solutions tothecomplexproblemsfacedbyengineers computer
,
C.It helps speed up the car instantly. scientists and businesses.
D.It charges when it doesnt work. 1.Why does the author mention King Solomon in the first
3.What does Paragraph mainly talk about paragraph
4 ? ?
A.How the battery works. A.To provide a background.
B.Advantages of the battery. B.To show admiration for him.
C.How the battery is produced. C.To stress the wisdom of ants.
D.Applications of the battery. D.To explain an abstract theory.
4.The underlined word slenderized in Paragraph can 2.How do ants behave while performing tasks
“ ” 5 ?
probably be replaced by . A.They get orders from their partners.
A.promoted B.gathered B.They choose to do only routine tasks.
C.combined D.reduced C.They strictly follow the queens orders.
答案 D.They follow their own senses and certain rules.
1.D 3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword underpin inParagraph
“ ” 3
2.B probably mean
?
3.A A.Decide. B.Support. C.Develop. D.Calculate.
4.D 4.What information can we get about the trail pheromone from
Passage3 2021河南焦作3月模拟 D the text
( , ) ?
To look inside an ant nest is to meet with an alien A.It comes from the food resources.
civilization. The boiling mass of worker ants beneath an B.It appears before ants self⁃organization.
upturned stoneisbothstrangelyreminiscentof 联想到 human C.It leads the following ants to food.
( )
society and strikingly different. There is an organization that D.It helps ants find their way back home.
fascinates us and a long line of myrmecophiles or ant lovers 答案
( )
leads back all the way to King Solomon who in fact advised 1.C
,
people to go to the ant consider her ways and be wise . This 2.D
“ , ”
was exactly the inspiration behind Planet Ant a TV program 3.B
,
showcasing whatweknowaboutthe kingdom ofants andwhat 4.C
,
ants can teach us about the human world. Passage4 2021东北师大附中第三次摸底,C
( )
Like us ants build structures find food defend their As PhD research goes Brian Wisenden was enviable
, , , , ,
societies and manage waste and also like us they must be watching babyfishswimmingswiftlythroughtheclearwatersin
, — —
well organized. For example the leaf⁃cutting ants of Planet Ant the Costa Rican tropical dry forest. By recording their growth
,
have specialwastedisposalareasforstoringharmfulwasteanda and numbers he hoped to look at their risks of being eaten.
,
team of waste⁃disposal ants are dedicated to keeping the nest Instead he witnessed something odd. Many groups were
“ ” ,
clean. But ants achieve this familiar final result in a very increasing in numbers. In these groups some were smaller than
,
different way to humans. Human societies have centralized others suggestingtheywerentsiblings 兄弟姐妹 . Wisenden
, ( )
control. In other words someone tells us what to do. Ants on hadaccidentallydiscoveredthatthefish calledconvictcichlids
, , , ,
the other hand have decentralized control and neither the queen adopt each others babies. Why would they do that he
, ,
nor any other ant directs work. Ant workers are the final self⁃ wondered
?
starters following specific but potentially flexible rules in In the human world we think of adoption as a selfless act.
, , , ,
certain situations. But in nature its presence is puzzling. Taking on the burden of
,
Chemical trails underpin much of this self⁃organization. bringing upbabieswithnogeneticlinkwouldseemtoreducean
Foragers 觅食者 lay a mix of chemicals known as the trail animals chances of survival or at least provide no gain. Yet
( ) ,
pheromone 信息素 behind them as they walk. Other ants adoption is surprisingly common in the world.
( )
follow the trail and if they find food they reinforce it laying Take the eastern grey kangaroo. Between and
, 2008 2013,
5 56 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
Wisenden followed the fates of baby kangaroos in the 3.D
326
National Park in Victoria and recorded cases of pouch 育儿 4.A
11 (
袋 swapping. The circumstances behind some of these Passage5(2020贵州贵阳一中月考VI,C)
)
adoptions arent known but four were straight swaps and English playwright Arthur Wing Pinero said Where
, , “
another four occurred after a mother had lost her own baby. theres tea thereshope. Similarly aChinesesayinggoesthat
, ” ,
How come Before independence baby kangaroos go Firewood rice cooking oil salt sauce vinegar and tea are
? , “ , , , , ,
through a period inside and outside their mothers pouch. the seven necessities to begin a day.
”
Following out⁃of⁃pouch attacks mothers normally sniff their Tea is without doubt welcomed all over the world.
, , ,
young before allowing them back in but Wisendens team According to Statista a German online portal for statistics
, , ,
suspect that during an emergency they may skip the sniff test global tea production reached approximately . million tons in
, 5 8
allowing a vulnerable baby to quickly climb in before fleeing . Ithasbecomethemostconsumedbeverageintheworld
2018 —
from danger. Once inside the wrongpouch theyoungmayfake after water of course.
, ,
the mothers odor making them smell confusingly like her own In order to celebrate the popular drink the United Nations
, ,
children. So poor baby recognition is the prime cause of General Assembly has designated May as International Tea
, 21
accidental adoption. Day. According to the UN tea is much more than just a hot
“ ” ,
Some of natures adoptions are actually driven by young drink. Its a big part of many cultures around the world.
, ,
looking for better prospects. In burrower bugs for example You probably know that people in China use top⁃grade tea
, ,
females lay a nest of eggs close to those of unrelated bugs. to show respect when receiving important guests. Meanwhile
,
Mother bugs look after their developing eggs before they hatch the British tradition of afternoon tea is an important part of that
,
then feedtheirbabiesnutsfrom weedymintplants. Findingnuts countrys identity. Making Malaysias pulled tea has become a
is a competitive business so not every mother bug gets her fair sort of art form where drinkers take pride in its entertainment
, ,
share. And if the delivery rate isnt up to scratch clever young aspects. As an expression of Moroccan hospitality and tradition
, ,
may abandon their mothers to join a better⁃fed group. Thats mint tea a mix of green tea spearmint leaves and sugar is
— , —
similar to behavior in several varieties of gulls whose babies if served during gatherings and negotiations.
,
poorly fed may leave home in search of better parents. Apart from itsculturalsignificance teaisalsoamedicine
, , ,
The consequences of adoption following mistaken identity usedfromancienttimestomoderndays. Teaiscoldandlowers
“
can bedire 糟糕的 . Thetruebabiesofadoptingmotherswere the fire ChineseMingDynastyherbalistLiShizhenoncesaid.
( ) ,”
abandoned. But it can have remarkable benefits not just for The health benefits of tea are still being discovered today
, :
adoptees but also for adoptive parents. preventing heart disease obesity and cancer has all been linked
,
1.It can be inferred from the passage that Wisendens findings to drinking green tea according to the National Center for
,
are . Biotechnology Information in the US. The mania for healthy tea
A.too strange to be witnessed products continues into a new decade as its used in
B.envied by his peer co⁃researchers moisturizers lip balms and other beauty products.
,
C.out of his own expectations Hot or cold bagged or loose⁃leaf tea is more than a
, ,
D.a sound proof of his research object drink its a socialcustom andalsoa magic medicine alinkto
— ,
2.Which isNOTthereasonforadoptionintheanimalkingdom the past and a way of life.
?
A.Parents inability to provide enough food. 1.Why did the author mention the two quotations in the first
B.Baby animals looking for better parenting. paragraph
?
C.Parents failure to recognize their own babies. A.Because they are famous.
D.Selfless adoption commonly seen in the animal world. B.To show the significance of tea.
3.Theunderlinedword vulnerable inthefourthparagraph C.For enriching the readers knowledge.
“ ”
means . D.To show tea has a long history.
A.independent and well⁃fed B.fragile and poorly raised 2.According tothepassage peopleconsume mostinthe
,
C.naughty and easily hurt D.weak and easily attacked world.
4.What will the author most probably talk about next A.tea B.coffee
?
A.The benefits for adopters. C.water D.wine
B.The consequences of adoption. 3.What doestheunderlinedword moisturizers meaninthe
“ ”
C.The benefits for baby animals. fifth paragraph
?
D.The consequences of wrong identity. A.Medicine. B.Drinks.
答案 C.Art forms. D.Cream.
1.C 4.What is the main idea of the whole passage
?
2.D A.Tea has a long history in China.
专题十二 猜测词义 5 57
B.Tea has many health benefits. C.Feel much crazier about.
C.Tea is a big part of many cultures around the world. D.Get more worried about.
D.May is celebrated as International Tea Day. 3.What can we infer about the use of streaming services
21 ?
答案 A.It is being reduced to protect the planet.
1.B B.Its environmental effects are worsening.
2.C C.It is easily available to almost everyone.
3.D D.Its side effects have drawn global attention.
4.C 4.Which of the following is the most environmentally friendly
?
Passage6(2020河南九师联盟2月质检,D) A.Watching downloaded movies on a mobile phone.
In the old days when you had to drive to a movie theater B.Downloading music on a personal computer.
,
to get some entertainment it was easy to see how your actions C.Uploading a lot of images of the same thing.
,
could have an impact 影响 on the environment. After all you D.Playing online games over mobile networks.
( ) ,
were jumping into your car driving across town coughing out 答案
, ,
emissions 产生排放 and using gas all the way. But now that 1.D
( )
were used to staying at home and streaming movies we might 2.C
,
get a little proud. After all were just picking up our phones or 3.B
,
maybe turning on the TV. Youre welcome Mother Nature. 4.A
,
Not so fast says a recent report from the French⁃based Passage7(2020安徽蚌埠下学期三次质检,C)
“ ,”
Shift Project. According to Climate Crisis The Unsustainable Scientists conservation organizations and governments
“ : ,
Use of Online Video digital technologies are responsible for trying to stop the trend of extinction 灭绝 often focus on
”, ( )
% of greenhouse gas emissions and that energy use is protected areassuchasnationalparksandwildlifepreserves. But
4 ,
increasing by % a year. Watching a half⁃hour show would with as many as million species 物种 at risk this plan of
9 1 ( ) ,
cause . kilograms of carbon dioxide emissions. Thats like action may not be enough to conserve wildlife.
1 6
driving . kilometers. AndintheEuropeanUnion theEureca Slowing the mass extinction that now appears to be
628 ,
project found that data centers where videos are stored there underway will require more creative means of coexisting with
( )
used % more energy in compared to just three years wild plants and animals. A new study indicates the effectiveness
25 2017
earlier reports the BBC. of some such approaches by examining some lands managed by
,
Streaming is only expected to increase as we become more indigenous groups.
enamored of our digital devices 设备 and the possibility of We show really strongly that from a biodiversity
( ) “ ,
enjoying entertainment where and when we want it increases. standpoint in terms of species richness indigenous⁃managed
,
Onlinevideouseisexpectedtoincreasebyfourtimesfrom lands are at least comparable to protected areas says biologist
2017 ,”
to and account for % of all Internet traffic by . By Richard Schuster of Carleton University. And in some places
2022 80 2022 ,
then about % of the worlds population will be online. they are better than parks and preserves even though indigenous
, 60 ,
Youre probably not going to give up your streaming communities may use their lands resources by hunting or
“
services butthererethingsyoucandotohelplessentheimpact searching for food.
,
of your online use experts say. For example according to Schuster and his team analyzed more than areas in
,” , 15,000
Lutz Stobbe a researcher from the Fraunhofer Institute in Australia BrazilandCanada. Theyfoundthatthetotaldiversity
, ,
Berlin we havenoneedtoupload picturesofthesamething of wildlife was highest on lands either managed or co⁃managed
, 25
to the cloud because it consumes energy every time. If instead by indigenous groups while randomly selected areas with no
,
you delete a few things here and there you can save energy. formal protection were the least biodiverse. For threatened
,
Moreover its alsoagoodideatostream overWi⁃Fi watchon species in particular indigenous lands scored slightly higher
, , ,
the smallest screen you can and turn off your Wi⁃Fi in your than protected lands on overall species richness in Brazil and
,
home if youre not using your devices. Canada as well as higher for threatened animals in Australia.
,
1.What topic is the first paragraph intended to lead in Each country has a different geography climate and
? ,
A.The environmental effects of driving private cars. history. Yet remarkably Schuster says The best indicator for
, , “
B.The improvements on environmental awareness. species diversity is whether a given area was managed by an
C.The change in the way people seek entertainment. indigenous community. He pointed out that practices such as
”
D.The environmental impacts of streaming services. sustainable 可持续的 hunting fishingandsearching aswell
( ) , ,
2.Whatdoesthe underlinedphrase becomemore enamored as burning are more likely to occur in such areas. Don
“ ,
of in Paragraph probably mean Hankins an ecologist at California State University agrees.
” 3 ? , ,
A.Get more skeptical of. Theres probably going to be more of a connection to the
“
B.Become more aware of. land he says and a use of the land for the things that are
,” , “
5 58 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
there compared to a national park. Their story starts just before the Christmas of when
, ” 2014
Its reallyimportanttolistentothepeoplewholiveonthe the kittens 小猫 were foundinanabandonedhouseinDubai.
“ ( )
land and have them drive the stewardship efforts going By then they had already lost their sight due to cat flu that was
forward Schustersays addingthatpartneringwithindigenous leftuntreatedbytheirpreviousowner. Afterthattheycametoan
,” ,
communities may enable the worlds countries to better meet a animal home. About two weeks later brother Blue almost got
,
wide range of conservation goals We really need all the help adopted by the previous owners neighbor but the poor
:“ ,
we can get as a global community to prevent species extinction confused cat couldnt bear living without his sisters and cried all
that were facing right now. night while searching for them. Soon they were all united in the
”
1.What does the underlined word indigenous probably animal home until the important night of February
“ ” 19 2015,
mean in Paragraph when Catherine took them under her wing.
2?
A.Social. B.Native. I had zero experience in having adopted my first ever
“
C.Protected. D.Threatened. rescue kittens just a couple of months ago Catherine said.
,”
2.What did Richard Schuster find in his study But their story touched my heart so much that I couldnt bear
? “
A.National parks are even higher in species diversity. the thought of them being put in a cage for a very long time or
B.Indigenous communities overhunted on their lands. even worse.
”
C.Some preserves almost have no formal protection. Catherine was worried about the special needs of her new
D.Indigenous lands do better in keeping biodiversity. pet friends My worry was that its going to not only be
, “
3.Which of the following statements may Don Hankins agree challenging but also require a lot of adjustments on my part
,”
with but apparently it wasnt that much different. The only
? “
A.Species diversity depends on geographical positions. adjustment early on was keeping everything where it was but
B.Humans everyday activities are no longer sustainable. they are soon adaptive. And as she wonderfully put it Blind
” , “
C.Indigenous groups have a close bond with their lands. pets see through their hearts.
”
D.Protected areas work perfectly in wildlife protection. 1.What do we know about the three cats
?
4.What is the text mainly about A.They got abused by their previous owner.
?
A.Beating back extinction. B.They love the animal home very much.
B.Dealing with environmental problems. C.They can only see little things for being nearsighted.
C.Setting up nature reserves. D.They can see nothing because of a disease.
D.Fighting against unsustainable behaviors. 2.What does the underlined word adjustment in the last
“ ”
答案 paragraph mean
?
1.B A.Movement. B.Involvement.
2.D C.Change. D.Progress.
3.C 3.Which of the following best describes Catherine
?
4.A A.Mean. B.Selfish. C.Caring. D.Optimistic.
Passage8(2019广西桂林、贺州、崇左联考,B) 答案
Meet big brother Blue and his sisters Meadow and Little 1.D
Willow a family ofthree blindcatsthatjustgotadoptedbythe 2.C
,
family Catherine Magno. 3.C
B 组 综合应用题组 学生用书P237
Passage1(2021云南昆明二模,B) We all pretty much slept with one eye open for several
When I was seven my family and I were coming back days. Each morning we would try to rush the goose over to his
, ,
from a T⁃ball game. In our driveway we spotted two adult parents who kept coming back to our yard. He wouldnt go to
, ,
geese and a small gosling. The adults were frightened by our them though and they wouldnt come close enough to claim
, ,
return and flew away but their baby was still too young to fly him. The young goose had clearly decided we were his new
,
and couldnt follow. family and my twin sister Joanna called the little guy Peeper.
,
Hours passed and night fell. The tiny little thing was Almost a year passed and we settled into a routine filled
,
wandering aroundouryard unawareofwhatcouldhappen and with feathery hugs and company. One evening my uncle came
, , ,
it wasclearthatthegoslingneededprotection warmthandfood over and mydadthrewPeeperupintotheairtoshowhe could
, ,
to make it to the morning. At that point we had to bring him fly around the house but this time Peeper just flew off.
, , ,
into our backyard. Everyone was very sad. Twenty years passed and Peeper
,
专题十二 猜测词义 5 59
became a fond memory for my family. thecompanywascommittedtodiversityandinclusion 包容 . I
( )
In an aging adult goose made his way back to my nervously started my new career because my vision loss had
2019, ,
home. At first I assumed it was just another Canada goose. progressed significantly in the past few years. I am thankful to
,
Aftertwoweeksofthegoosecomingbackrepeatedly itbecame have a mentorthatencouragedmeandIamthankfulIfoundthe
,
clear to me that this wasnt a random goose. He did all of the courage to apply for a position with Kellogg.
things Peeper used to do like trying to come in through the While Kellogg fosters a supportive encouraging
, ,
front door and sleeping in our enclosed pool area. Besides this environment it stilltakescourageformetorequirewhatIneed
, ,
goose responded to the name Peeper. Much to my amazement to make sure I am successful in my career. I need courage to
,
my old best friend had returned years later. speak up and ask for suitable accommodations to do my job. I
,20
1.Why did the author bring the little goose home that night also have to ask for assistance navigating through unfamiliar
?
A.It couldnt find its parents. areas. IhavefoundthateveryoneatKelloggisalwaysmorethan
B.It was too fragile to survive. willing to take my requests into account.
C.It wanted to stay in the yard. Even though I face daily challenges I have so much to be
,
D.It enjoyed the authors company. grateful for. Weoftenfacedifficultieswecannotcontrol butwe
,
2.What does the underlined word claim in Paragraph can be courageous in order to face adversity and address
“ ” 3
mean challenges.
?
A.Get. B.Forgive. C.Challenge. D.Annoy. 1.What does the underlined word adversity in Paragraph
“ ”
3.What can we infer about the author from the text probably mean
? 1 ?
A.She named the goose Peeper. A.Advertisement. B.Reality.
B.She set Peeper free on purpose. C.Difficulty. D.Reward.
C.She had deep feelings for Peeper. 2.When the author was in high school she .
,
D.She trained the goose to fly daily. A.was very talkative in class
4.What is the text mainly about B.was engaged in sports actively
?
A.A feathered family member. C.suffered a severe medical error
B.The return of a long lost friend. D.dropped out once for her hearing loss
C.The reunion of a goose family. 3.What motivated the author to apply for a job in Kellogg
?
D.An adventurous journey home. A.A mentors encouragement.
答案 B.Her aggressive personality.
1.B C.Her interest in a challenging job.
2.A D.The companys support for the disabled.
3.C 4.We can infer from Paragraph that .
4
4.B A.she picked up many skills for this job
Passage2 2021内蒙古包头二模,D) B.she has met with a lot of misunderstandings
(
Thankfully I found the courage to persevere in the face of C.she has to gain lots of support for her career
,
adversityandsucceeded. Otherwise Icouldbeavictimandfeel D.she achieved great success in her career
,
sorry for myself for the rest of my life. 答案
A doctortoldmeatayoungage thatIwouldlikelynever 1.C
graduate from high school due to my severe hearing loss and 2.B
my extremely slow speech development. I found the courage 3.A
to work hard in school and be active in sports and other 4.C
activities despite wearing hearing aids and living with a % Passage3(2021安徽皖南八校三次联考,D)
70
hearing loss. By the time I was college⁃age I started losing During this years Spring Festival Ma Rui made a meme
, ,
my night vision. I decided to go away to college miles 表情包 by forming a collage 拼贴画 of her portrait and
300 ( ) ( )
from home. I obtained my bachelors degree and graduated images of firecrackers and golden coins. Ma sent it to relatives
with honors. Even though I had terrible hearing loss and was and friends on social media as her new years greeting.
beginning to lose my sight at night I found the courage to Traditional text greetings are tedious. A meme sticker of
, “
begin a professional career. myself is more creative and personal said Ma a ⁃year⁃old
,” , 38
After earning my MBA degree I accepted a position with woman working in Yinchuan. As a regular meme maker Ma
, ,
Kellogg in the Corporate Affairs Department. When I was also made her cat and dog the main characters of her creations.
working on my MBA degree I found the courage to ask With her ever⁃increasing meme collection she can deal with
, ,
someone successful despite facing similar challenges to mentor most online communications by sending memes without sending
指导 me. He encouraged me to consider Kellogg as he knew a text message.
( )
5 60 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
On Chinas most popular social networking apps WeChat and percent of the citys rubbish supplying the capital with
, 25
QQ many users have developed the habit of collecting memes in percent of its household electricity needs.
,
their accounts including those featuring celebrities animals and However despite these important steps challenges remain
, , , , ,
cartoon characters. Ma has been using emojis and memes on in Ethiopia. Although the country has permitted the Basel
,
WeChat for about years but they were limited in the past. Stockholm and Rotterdam conventions laws and policies on
10 , ,
In recent years meme⁃making has become a new trend environmentally sound management of hazardous 危险的
, , ( )
with the emergence of more designers and apps for making wastes are still not effective in preventing littering illegally.
memes. Withfree apps peoplecancreate theirownmemesand To help Ethiopia meet these challenges the Chemicals and
, ,
share them online. Asanindustry meme⁃makingcanalsobring Waste Management Program is supporting the country with a
,
decent incomes for meme designers injecting vitality into three⁃year project to enhance its capacity for sound management
,
related products and industries. A good meme can accurately of hazardous wastes.
“
express what one means and reduce misunderstanding and In the initial stages a project management unit will be
,
embarrassment. Thisiswhypeopleneedit saidLuoYalong a formed made up of many representatives from government
,” , ,
⁃year⁃old meme designer. departments and private organizations. This unit will be
30
Luo created a cartoon character named Little Chubby responsible for reviewing and assessing Ethiopias current legal
“
Inu . With this image he designed nearly one thousand memes system which despitenumerousadvancesinrecentyears does
” , , , ,
with different expressions which have been used billions of not specifically target the recycling of hazardous waste. Once
,
times on WeChat since it was first introduced in . legal gaps are identified the project will seek to update existing
2017 ,
The image ofLittleChubbyInuhasalsobeenprintedonT⁃ policies and strategies.
shirts mugs and cosmetics and packages of popular drink Many people in Ethiopia are not aware of the possible
, ,
brands. Thisyear Luoopenedanonline storeforLittle Chubby effect of environmental damage and the need to report such
,
Inu⁃themed products. crimes tothepolice. Toresolvethispressingissue Ethiopiawill
,
By drawinginspirationfrom popularwebsitesyoungpeople be conducting a series of capacity⁃building activities including
,
like tovisit Luohasbecomeaprolificmeme⁃maker creatinga creating awareness⁃raising programs training trainers and
, , ,
new series of memes every two or three months. Attractive providing equipment.
“
memes are emerging every day while users tastes are ever⁃ Ethiopia will also work to establish a national mechanism
,
changing. For us designers it causes great pressure but also for chemicals and waste management by engaging government
,
presents immense opportunities Luo said. departments and civil society groups. Authorities will also make
,”
1.What does the underlined word tedious in Paragraph budgetary provisions 预算拨款 in national regional and
“ ” 2 ( ) ,
mean institutional planning to ensure funding for these activities is
?
A.Narrow. B.Dull. sustainable even after the projects completion.
C.Ancient. D.Common. 1.Which can replace the underlined word incinerates in
“ ”
2.What do Luos words in the last paragraph suggest Paragraph
? 1?
A.Designers should cater for users appetite. A.produces B.gathers C.burns D.absorbs
B.Memes cause great pressure for designers. 2.Whats the main problem of Ethiopia in waste management
?
C.New interesting memes are arising every day. A.The funds are not sufficient.
D.More and more memes bring us opportunities. B.The shortage of workers is severe.
3.What is the main idea of the text C.The pollution level is too high.
?
A.The stories about some famous meme⁃makers. D.The relevant laws are not sound.
B.Memes going viral on Chinese social networking apps. 3. What will Ethiopia do to help the natives protect the
C.The difference between old and new greetings. environment
?
D.Memes creating cartoon characters. A.Raise their environmental awareness.
答案 B.Call on them to start some programs.
1.B C.Reward them with budgetary provisions.
2.A D.Restrict their environmental movement.
3.B 4.What does the text mainly talk about
?
Passage4(2021河南新乡4月调研,C) A.Ethiopia is facing serious environmental problems.
In recent years Ethiopia has become a regional leader in B.Ethiopia is putting efforts into waste management.
,
solid waste management. Last year the country transformed the C.Ethiopia has achieved success in waste management.
,
landfill 垃圾填埋场 in Addis Ababa into a new waste⁃to⁃ D.Ethiopia has reduced environmental pollution levels.
( )
energy plant the first such project on the continent. The plant 答案
,
incinerates up to tonnes of waste every day about 1.C
1,400 , 80
专题十二 猜测词义 5 61
2.D 答案
3.A 1.A
4.B 2.D
Passage5 2020安徽桐城模拟考试VIII,C 3.B
( )
Withallthe wars fightingandsadnessintheworldtoday 4.C
, ,
its not only necessary but also essential to have a good sense Passage6(2020江西吉安、抚州、赣州一模 D)
, ,
of humor just to help us get through every day of our lives. Walking through alocalparkrecently Isawateenageboy
,
Putting a smile on someones face when you know they are wearing a T⁃shirt that read Effort wins over talent. It
: “ ”
feeling down in the dumps makes them feel good and warms reminded me of an idea I think about often that if you believe
,
their hearts. you can learn new things and develop new skills by working
,
How would you feel if you could not joke with your wife hard you are more likely to achieve those goals.This critical
, ,
husband child co⁃worker neighbor close friends or even insight was brought up by Dr. Carol Dweck a Stanford
, , , , , ,
just someone who you are standing in line with at your corner University psychologist as a growth mindset .
, “ ”
store I am always saying things that make others smile or According to Dr. Dwecks research Talent is not fixed.
? , “ ”
laugh even if I dont know the person Im joking with. My Studies by Dweck and others have shown students who have a
,
grandma always found humor in everything she did even if it fixed mindset see new learning experiences as a moment to be
,
was thehardestjobanyonecouldimagine. Thisnotonlyrelieves judged not an opportunity to learn. This can make learning a
,
stress in any situation but also is common courtesy 礼貌 to painful struggle leading many to give up. Students who have a
, ( ) ,
speak to others who are around you. growth mindset ontheotherhand experiencechallengesasthe
, ,
I know of a few people who dont have a funny bone in way to learn and improve. They see hard work as being about
theirbodies astheysay. Everyonearoundthemcouldberolling learning. Overall they learn and achieve at higher levels even
, , ,
on the floor after hearing a great joke and they would sit there when they start out at the same place as those with fixed
without the slightest smile on their face. They dont get the joke mindsets.
that makes others laugh. I am busting a gut while they just sit While Dweck identified growth mindsets more than a
there looking at me as if I were from outer space. How can decade ago her insights were not made up. They have since
, ,
people not get a really funny joke been backed up by brain science made possible by new
? ,
Laughing is essential to keeping your stress levels under technology that allows researchers to see images of the brain at
control. Without humor we would find ourselves with a lot of work. Studies show that when a person responds to new and
,
psychological problems or on a lot of medication to keep us difficult material by engaging in a struggle to learn the neurons
, ,
from going crazy. There is too much sadness in this present in their brain grow.
world. It drives people crazy. We all need to find a way to Believing that you can grow your abilities through effort
—
ignore the sadness and bring a little light into our lives. So I thattalentisnotfixed iscrucial 重要的 . AsDweckputsitin
, — ( )
believe our best medicine is to get together and tell some jokes her TED talk we needtofocusonshowingyoungpeople The
, “
and have some fun laughing together. Power of Yet meaning I havent learned this yet or Im not
” — ,
1.What is the authors attitude towards the present world good at this yet.
?
A.Critical. B.Positive. A growth mindset is an important idea for educators and
C.Satisfied. D.Indifferent. schools but its also a powerful tool that everyone can use to
,
2.The phrase busting a gut in the third paragraph can be help themselves to learn and achieve at high levels.
“ ”
replaced by . 1.What does the underlined word insight in Paragraph
“ ” 1
A.explaining carefully B.speaking loud mean
?
C.keeping silent D.laughing hard A.Scenery. B.Research. C.Question. D.Idea.
3.According to the author humor is useful for . 2.How is Paragraph mainly developed
, 2 ?
A.making people more confident A.By making comparisons.
B.picking up peoples spirits B.By giving explanations.
C.helping get rid of the cruelty in the world C.By listing examples.
D.helping people get on well with others D.By describing details.
4.In writing the passage the author mainly intends to . 3.Which of the following statements shows a growth mindset
, ?
A.introduce a practical way to get through daily life A. Wow you are really gifted in maths.
“ , ”
B.convince people of the power of humor B. I just dont understand it yet.
“ ”
C.encourage people to be humorous in daily life C. You are a clever student.
“ ”
D.talk about his own understanding of humor D. My talents determine everything.
“ ”
5 62 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
4.What will the author probably discuss next D.Birds kept in many regions.
?
A.Why to develop a better mindset. 3.The underlinedword assimilated inthelastparagraphis
“ ”
B.When to obtain a better mindset. closest in meaning to .
“ ”
C.How to apply the growth mindset. A.blocked B.absorbed
C.reflected D.produced
D.Where to learn the growth mindset.
4.What is the best title for the text
答案
?
A.How Do Birds Lay Eggs of Different Colors
1.D ?
B.What Contributes to the Different Colors of Bird Eggs
2.A ?
C.Why Are Bird Eggs in Colder Climates Darker Colored
3.B ?
D.What Are the Functions of the Different Colors of Bird
4.C
Eggs
Passage7 2020河南天一大联考IV,D ?
( ) 答案
Bird eggs come in a variety of colors but new research
, 1.D
shows that diversity follows a simple pattern the colder the
— 2.A
climate the darker the egg. Darker eggs take in more heat than
, 3.B
lighter ones. This could help developing chicks stay warm while
4.C
their parents look for food. Thats the conclusion of the study.
Passage8(2019云南一检,C)
Biologists have long tried to understand why birds eggs
The legislature 立法机构 finds that the cigarette is
come in so many shapes and colors. There could be many ( )
considered one of the deadliest products in human history so it
reasons. The color may help make eggs less likely to be ,
begins anewbillintroducedinHawaiisStateHouse callingfor
discovered by their natural enemies. The egg shape or color ,
a ban on cigarette sales in the state by .
might also somehow protect eggs against bacteria or signal their 2024
Hawaii hassomeofthemostrestrictivecigarettelawsinthe
quality. The shape or color might even help keep an egg warm.
nation. In it became the first state to raise the age to buy
Scientistshavediscoveredsomeevidencetosupportallofthese 2016,
“ cigarettes to . Now itsnewbillcallsforraisingthe cigarette⁃
assumptions says Phillip Wisocki who worked on the 21 ,
,” , buying age to by up to and in each
research. 30 2020, 40, 50 60
following year and up to by .That would effectively
Wisocki and his colleagues turned to collections of birds , 100 2024
clear Hawaiisstoreshelvesofcigarettes althoughtouristscould
eggs in museums. They compiled 汇编 data from species. ,
( ) 634 still bring them in. The age limits would not apply to e⁃
These represented all but four of the living orders of birds.
40 cigarettes cigars or chewing tobacco.
Then they plotted the data on a global map. The brightness and ,
And curiously Hawaii would offer its centenarians 百岁
color ofeggshellswerecloselyrelatedtoaregionstemperature , (
, 老人 thechancetobuycigarettesneartheendoftheirlife if
they showed. That was true even after considering that closely ) —
they could find them.
related species can have similarly colored eggs. Birds in the far
Richard Creagan the billssponsor saidthathe hopedthe
north which tends to be colder had darker browner eggs. , ,
— — , bill could represent an end game for the cigarette problem
Eggs became lighter and slightly bluer for birds closer to the “ ” ,
and that it might be easier to pass the bill in Hawaii than in a
equator. Egg colors however tended to be more varied in the
, , mainland state.
tropics 热带 .
( ) On the mainlandtheyhavemoretroublewiththisbecause
Darker eggs may be an adaptation to the cold the research “
, they have states around them that are selling cigarettes he
now suggests. Like a dark car parked in the sun a dark egg ,”
, said. We dont have any states around us. And thats why I
should take in moreheatfromthesunthanalighteregg. Totest “
thought it could be done here and it would be kind of an
this theory Wisockis group exposed chicken eggs to direct ,
, example for the rest of the nation and the world.
sunlight and tracked how well they assimilated heat. Some were ”
Creagan toldtheHawaiiTribune⁃Heraldhesconfidentthat
white. Others were brown or blue. Sure enough brown eggs
, the bill will survive any court challenges.
warmed faster and cooled more slowly than the lighter eggs.
In the National Academy of Sciences released a
1.According to the assumptions about birds eggs their shapes 2015,
, reportarguingthatincreasingtheagetobuytobaccoto would
and colors . 21
have a considerable impact on the age at which someone
A.can reflect the appetites of birds “ ”
takes their first puff. The report also suggested if someone is
B.are determined by the ages of birds “
not a regular tobacco user by age it is highly unlikely he or
C.arent the result of natural evolution 25,
she will become one.
D.can act as a measure of self⁃defence ”
1.What can we know about Hawaii from Paragraph
2.Where did the bird eggs Wisockis group researched on come 2?
A.Hawaii has no cigarette laws at present.
from
? B.The cigarette⁃buying age will be in .
A.Museum collections. 50 2023
C.The age to buy cigarettes was raised to in .
B.Color⁃painted bird eggs. 21 2016
D.All cigarette stores in the state have been closed.
C.Their own worldwide search.
专题十二 猜测词义 5 63
2.What does the new bill call for 4.What is the main idea of the text
? ?
A.Even tourists cant bring cigarettes to Hawaii. A.Hawaii is considering a bill to ban cigarette sales.
B.No one under can buy cigarettes by . B.Hawaii will lower the cigarette⁃buying age.
100 2024
C.Hawaiians cant buy cigarettes in other states. C.Hawaii is to ban smoking in its neighboring states.
D.Growing tobacco is not allowed in Hawaii. D.Hawaii has released a report on the harm of smoking.
3. The underlined words in the last paragraph mean 答案
. 1.C
“ ”
A.buys their first pack of cigarettes 2.B
B.smokes their first cigarette 3.B
C.quits smoking for the first time 4.A
D.first offers cigarettes to others
C 组 教师专用题组
Passage 1 D.The study lasted six nights.
Nowadays more and more people are unable to sleep due 3.Dr. Nofzinger and Dr. Buysse agreed that .
,
tovariousreasons. Whatwillyoudoifyouhavetroublegoingto A.people can sleep better by wearing caps
sleep Try a glass of warm milk. Still no luck Try counting B.the water caps worked if the water was frozen
? ?
sheep One two three... It is late but you are still awake. C.more research should be done
, “ , , ”
Are you supposed to take a sleeping pill No because if you D.the researchers finished the study in June
? ,
take it youwillprobablydependonthedrugs. Soyoulieawake 4.What is the main idea of the passage
, ?
all night hoping that the new workday will arrive soon. A.Cooling the brain may help people sleep.
A new study has found that you might fall asleep quicker B.A new study about how to fall asleep quicker.
andstayasleeplongerifyoutry cerebral 大脑的 hypothermia C.Water helps people get up easily.
“ ( )
低温 . No cerebral hypothermia is not a complex medical D.Many people cant sleep well at night.
( )” ,
process. It just means cooling down your brain. Eric Nofzinger 答案
and Daniel Buysse of the University of Pittsburgh Medical [语篇解读] 本文为说明文 文章介绍了一项科技新发现
。 ,
School led the study. They examined people who had 即用 大脑低温法 治疗失眠现象
12 “ ” 。
insomnia. Twelve others had no sleep problems.Each of them 1.B 猜测词义题 本题题干意为 第 段中画线词
。 : 2
wore a soft plastic cap on their heads at bed time which had insomnia 的意思可能是什么 根据常识可知做实验往往
, “ ” ?
tubes inside filled with water.The first two nights of testing the 对两组或多组不同的群体进行对比 根据画线词后面的
, 。
patients wore no water caps. During the next two nights the 句子 另外 人没有睡眠问题 可推知答案为 B 项 失
, ( 12 ) (
caps were worn but the water was not cooled. Then the 眠
, )。
researchers cooled the water a little for two nights. On the final 2.A 细节理解题 本题题干意为 对于这项研究我们知道
。 :
two nights of the study the temperature of the water was made 什么 根据第 段对该项研究的介绍可知 受试者共
, ? 2 , 24
much cooler. 人 其中 人有失眠症状 人没有失眠症状 故答案为A
, 12 ,12 ,
The researchers found that the water caps did not help the 项 受试者的一半人有睡眠困难 根据第 段中 Each of
( )。 2 “
insomnia patients until the temperature was about ℃. Most of them woreasoftplasticcapontheirheadsatbedtime 排除C
14 ”
the patients fell asleep faster and slept better when the coolest 项 根据第 段中 The first two nights of testing the patients
; 2 “ ,
water was moving around their heads. wore no water caps. 排除B项 根据第 段最后四句可排除
” ; 2
Dr. Nofzinger and Dr. Buysse noted that this was only the D项
。
beginning of the brain temperature study. But they believe they 3.C 细节理解题 本题题干意为 诺夫辛格博士和布伊斯
。 :
have discovered something important that needs more research. 博士同意 根据最后一段第 句 诺夫辛格博士和
。 1 (
They presented their test results in June at a meeting of the 布伊斯博士指出 这只是大脑温度研究的开始 可知答案为
, )
Associated Professional Sleep Societies in Minneapolis C项
, 。
Minnesota. 4.A 主旨要义题 本题题干意为 本文的主题是什么 本
。 : ?
1.The underlined word insomnia in Paragraph probably 文第 段提出了失眠者的困难 第 段首句为本文的主题
“ ” 2 1 , 2
means . 句 引出了解决失眠问题的新方法 故答案为A项
, , 。
A.carelessness B.sleeplessness 高级词块 .be supposed to do sth.应该做某事 .depend
1 2
C.loneliness D.sleepiness on依赖
2.What do we know about the study Passage 2
?
A.Half of the people studied had trouble in sleeping. Did you know roughly one third of food for human
B.The researchers wore the caps every night. consumption goes to waste Most of it is fresh fruit and
?
C.The caps were made of cloth. vegetables that go bad. The produce dries out or goes bad
,
5 64 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
whichhasledscientiststodevelopwaysofcoatingorsealingthe 文章主要介绍了一种使食物保鲜长久的新方法 即使用以鸡
,
food to keep it fresher for longer. Now research at Rice 蛋为原料的洗涤液
。
University reveals there might be a better way. 1.A 细节理解题 本题题干意为 以鸡蛋为原料的洗涤液
。 :
Scientists discovered that dipping produce like strawberries 如何帮助食物保鲜 根据第三段中 The egg⁃based coating
? “ ,
and bananas into an egg⁃based wash is remarkably good for as it turned out reduced each fruits chance to get exposed to
,
preserving it. The coating is extremely thick and made from a oxygen. 可知答案为A项 限制食物与氧气的接触
, ” ( )。
mixture of powdered egg whites and yolks 蛋黄 % and 2.C 推理判断题 本题题干意为 为什么在文中提及
( )(70 ), 。 :
some wood⁃sourced cellulose 纤维素 to act as a barrier Pulickel Ajayan 第五段首句 The scientists hope this could
( ) ? “
preventing water loss. be a breakthroughinthefightagainstfoodwaste. 科学家们
”(
What the scientists found was that the egg wash made a 希望这种方法能够成为抵抗食物浪费的突破 为本段主题
)
significant difference in helping produce stay fresh over a two⁃ 句 然后作者又引用科学家 Pulickel Ajayan 所说的话 由
, 。
weekobservationperiod. Theappearanceofthecoatedfruitsand 此可推知 文章提到 Pulickel Ajayan 旨在说明该发现的意
:
vegetables didnt change much while the uncoated produce 义 故答案为C项
, 。 。
ripened and even rotted within the same time frame. The egg⁃ 3.D 猜测词义题 本题题干意为 最后一段中画线词
。 :
based coating as it turned out reduced each fruits chance to discarded 可能是什么意思 根据画线词后 because they
, ,
“ ” ? “
get exposed to oxygen.
werent fit for consumption 因为它们不适合食用 可知画
”( )
The non⁃poisonous coating was found to be flexible and
线词的意思是 扔掉 故答案为D项
tests showed that it was just as tough as other products “ ”, 。
4.B 主旨要义题 本题题干意为 本文主要是关于什么
,
including synthetic films 合成膜 used in produce packaging. 。 : ?
( ), 通读全文 尤其是文章第一段中 Now research at Rice
For anyone with an egg allergy the coating can be removed by , “
, University reveals there might be a better way. 及第二段中
thorough washing in water and is tasteless. ”
Scientists discovered that dipping produce like strawberries
The scientistshopethiscouldbeabreakthroughinthefight “
and bananas into an egg⁃based wash is remarkably good for
against food waste. Reducing food shortages in ways that are
“ preserving it. 可知 本文主要介绍了一种保存食物的新方
not related to genetic modification uneatable coatings or ” ,
, 法 故答案为B项
chemical additives is important for better sustainable living 。 。
,” 高级词块 .dry out变干 .dip...into...把……浸在……
said materials scientist and study author Pulickel Ajayan. 1 2
里 .a win⁃win situation双赢的局面
Whats greataboutthisdiscoveryisthatitfightsfoodwaste 3
Passage 3
in more than one way even the coating was made from eggs
: Days after Argentina canceled all international passenger
that would otherwise have been discarded because they werent
flights to protect the country from the new coronavirus Juan
fit for consumption. The researchers said roughly million of ,
200 Manuel Ballestero began his journey home the only way
US⁃produced eggs go to waste annually. So if this were scaled
possible He stepped aboard his small sailboat for what turned
up it could be a win⁃win situation all around. :
, out to be an ⁃day odyssey across the Atlantic.
1.How does the egg⁃based wash help keep food fresh 85
? The ⁃year⁃old sailor could have stayed out on the tiny
A.By limiting its oxygen exposure. 47
Portuguese island of Porto Santo but the idea of spending what
B.By making its coating less thick. ,
he thought could be the end of the world away from his
C.By removing its cellulose slowly. “ ”
family especially his father who was soon to turn was
D.By improving its absorbent ability. , 90,
unbearable. So he loaded his ⁃foot sailboat with canned fish
2.Why is Pulickel Ajayan mentioned in the text 29 ,
? fruit and rice and set sail in mid⁃March.
A.To stress the seriousness of food shortage.
I didnt want to stay like a coward 懦夫 on an island
B.To offer the method of cutting food waste.
“ ( )
where there were no cases Mr. Ballestero said. I wanted to
C.To show the significance of the discovery.
,” “
do everythingpossible toreturnhome. The mostimportantthing
D.To give a brief description of the research.
3.What does the underlined word discarded in the last for me was to be with my family.
“ ” ”
paragraph probably mean Friends tried to dissuade Mr. Ballestero from starting the
?
A.Eaten up. perilous journey and the authorities in Portugal warned him he
,
B.Taken in. might notbeallowedtore⁃enterifheranintotroubleandhadto
C.Picked out. turn back. But he was determined I bought myself a one⁃way
, “
D.Thrown away. ticket and there was no going back he said.
,”
4.What is the text mainly about Sailing can be a lonely passion and it was particularly so
? ,
A.How to use eggs creatively. on this voyage for Mr. Ballestero who each night tuned in to
,
B.A new way to preserve food. the news on a radio for minutes to assess how the virus was
30
C.How to recycle food waste. spreading across the globe. I kept thinking about whether this
“
D.A breakthrough in technology. would be my last trip he said.
,”
答案 When he made it to his native Mar del Plata on June
, 17,
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文 主题语境为人与社会 he was surprised by the heros welcome he received. Entering
。 。 “
专题十二 猜测词义 5 65
my port where my father had his sailboat where he taught me 医学专业人员在码头上对他做了COVID⁃ 检测 检测后
, 19 。
so many things and where I learned how to sail gave me the 小时内出的检测结果为阴性 可知答案为C项 他
, 72 ,……) (
taste of a mission accomplished he said. A medical 刚到就接受了COVID⁃ 的检测
,” 19 )。
professional administered a test for COVID⁃ on the dock. 高级词块 .turn out to be 结果是 .set sail 起航 .
19 1 2 3
Within hours after the test came back negative he was dissuade sb. from doing sth.劝阻某人不去做某事
72 , ,
allowed to set foot on Argentine soil. Passage 4
While hedidntgettocelebratehisfathers thbirthdayin You are with me once in a while for nearly years now.
90 20
May he did make it home in time for Fathers Day. You never said why you chose me. I didnt even think I was
,
1.Why did Juan Manuel Ballestero start his journey
your type. I had always thought you went for the worrier and
?
,
A.To be reunited with his family.
the unadventurous. But I am an outgoing girl. Maybe you were
B.To avoid being infected with the coronavirus.
impressed with my demanding teaching career. Your past lovers
C.To realize his dream of sailing.
come from allwalksoflife. Iseethemyellunderyourpressure.
D.To prove his bravery.
I often keep you a secret. I refuse to let my identity be
2.What do we know about Juan Manuel Ballestero
? swept up in yours. Besides sometimes when people talk about
A.He was forbidden to enter Mar del Plata. ,
you what they are concerned is how they know you too and
B.He didnt receive any information about the outside world , ,
the ways to be relaxed and get away from anxiety. But you and
during the journey.
they are only casual acquaintances the intensity 强度 is
C.He failed to celebrate his fathers birthday. — ( )
incomparable.
D.He was not allowed to leave Porto Santo by the authorities
I am writing now because I have noticed that we are
in Portugal.
growing apart. So there are things I want to say. I know my
3.What does the underlined word perilous in Paragraph4
“ ” daily exercising annoys you youre nowhere to be seen when
mean ;
? Im reading our favourite books. Ive noticed that youre turned
A.distant B.tiring
off by the wayIm eatingfruitsandvegetables. WhenItakethe
C.boring D.adventurous
time to chat with a stranger or a friend you often storm off. So
4.What can we infer from the text ,
? Ive decided it is time to start making plans of my own despite
A.The man was born in Porto Santo in Argentina. ,
not knowing what yours are.
B.His friends encouraged him to start his journey.
I know we will always be in touch. Youll visit me when I
C.A test for COVID⁃ was given to him the moment he
19 least expect it. But plan on being prepared. If we do eventually
arrived.
split for good you should know you have changed me for the
D.The man was not worried at all during the trip. ,
better. Because of you I see that life is a fragile gift to be
答案 ,
handled with awakened care and patience. So learn to keep you
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文 主题语境为人与社会 为防
。 。 at bay by getting away from stress.
止新冠病毒的蔓延 阿根廷政府取消了所有国际航班 胡安
, 。 In short appreciateyouforwhatyouhavebroughtintomy
曼努埃尔 巴列斯特罗为了回家乘小帆船开始了长达 ,
· · 85 life but I ask you to give me the distance I need to learn the
天的横渡大西洋之旅
。 lessons you have taught.
1.A 细节理解题 本题题干意为 胡安 曼努埃尔 巴列
。 : · · 1. The word you mentioned in the passage refers
斯特罗开始他的旅行的原因是什么 根据第 段中的 the “ ”
? 2 “ to .
idea of spending what he thought could be the end of the
‘ A.a secret
world away from his family especially his father who was
’ , B.a bad feeling
soon to turn was unbearable 一想到远离家人 尤其是
90, ”( ,
C.a teacher
他快 岁的父亲 度过他认为的 世界末日 他就感到难
90 , “ ”,
D.the authors best friend
以承受 可知答案为A项 和家人团聚
) ( )。
2.C 细节理解题 本题题干意为 对于胡安 曼努埃尔 2.Which activity of the author will you like
。 : · · “ ” ?
巴列斯特罗我们了解什么 根据最后一段 虽然他没有在 A.Reading her favorite books.
? (
月份庆祝父亲的 岁生日 但他还是及时赶回家过了父 B.Chatting with her friends happily.
5 90 ,
亲节 可知答案为C项 C.Working out on regular basis.
) 。
3.D 猜测词义题 本题题干意为 第 段中画线词 D.Doing demanding work and feeling stressed.
。 : 4
perilous 是什么意思 根据画线词所在句的后半部分 3.Whats the authors attitude towards you
“ ” ? “ ”?
葡萄牙当局警告他 如果遇到麻烦不得不返回时 他可能 A.She is grateful to you .
( , , “ ”
不会被允许再次入境 可推知画线词的意思是 危险的 B.She has pity on you .
) “ ”, “ ”
故答案为D项 C.She cant forgive you .
。 “ ”
4.C 推理判断题 本题题干意为 从文章中我们可以推断 D.She regrets treating you badly.
。 : “ ”
出什么 根据倒数第 段的最后两句 A medical 4.Where is the passage probably taken from
? 2 “ ?
professional administered a test for COVID⁃ on the dock. A.A poem. B.A guidebook.
19
Within hours afterthetestcamebacknegative ... 一名 C.A diary. D.A biography.
72 , , ”(
5 66 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
答案 doing good because what you are doing is going towards a
,
[语篇解读] 这是一篇记叙文 主题语境为人与自我 作 charitable cause and you are saving stuff from landfill Clare
。 。 ,”
者使用了拟人的写作手法 讲述自己与坏情绪多年以来的斗 Press fashionjournalistandsustainablestyleadvocate tellsThe
, , ,
争 以及现在的和谐共处和未来打算如何远离这种情绪 Guardian.
, 。
1.B 猜测词义题 本题题干意为 本文提到的 你 指的是 There are sometimes hidden treasures for the buyers too.
。 : “ ” ,
根据第一段中 I had always thought you went for Take a screen print for example. It was bought for p and later
。 “ 99
the worrier and the unadventurous. 我一直以为你会去找 found to be by English artist Ben Nicholson. It was sold for
, ”(
忧虑的人和不愿冒险的人 及最后两句 Your past lovers £ . So next time you need to rid yourself of something
) “ 4,200 ,
come from all walks of life. I see them yell under your spare a thought for the charity shop after all charity begins at
— ,
pressure. 你过去的恋人来自各行各业 我看到他们在你 home
”( 。 !
的压力下大喊大叫 可知 你 会给人带来压力 是一种不 1.The text is mainly written to .
) :“ ” ,
好的情绪 故答案为B项 A.comment on the benefits of charity shops
。 。
2.D 细节理解题 本题题干意为 你 喜欢作者的哪项活 B.analyze the popularity of the UK charities
。 :“ ”
动 根据第一段关键句 Maybeyouwereimpressedwithmy C.list the names of the first UK charity shops
? “
demanding teaching career. 也许 你 对我要求高的教学 D.introduce something about UK charity shops
”( “ ”
生涯印象深刻 可知 要求高的教学生涯会给作者带来工作 2.Modern charity shops might be run by .
) :
上的压力 即 做要求高的工作并感到有压力 是 你 喜欢 A.the British Red Cross
, “ ” “ ”
作者做的事情 故选D项 B.The Salvation Army
。 。
3.A 推理判断题 本题题干意为 作者对 你 持什么态度 C.Oxfam
。 : “ ” ?
根据最后一段中的 In short appreciate you for what you D.the Charity Retail Association
“ ,
have brought into my life 简而言之 感谢你给我的生活带 3.What does the underlined word assuage in Paragraph
”( , “ ” 3
来的一切 及倒数第二段中 If we do eventually split for probably mean
) “ ?
A.Ease. B.Add. C.Mix. D.Increase.
good you should know you have changed me for the better.
, ”
4.What does the author advise people to do in the last
如果我们最终真的永远分手了 你应该知道你把我变得更
( ,
paragraph
好了 可知 作者对 你 的态度是感激的 故选A项
?
) : “ ” 。 。
A.Get rid of unwanted items.
4.C 推理判断题 本题题干意为 本文可能出自哪里 本
。 : ? B.Start charity from daily life.
文是作者和自己心里的坏情绪的谈话 由此可推知本文为
, C.Be environmentally friendly.
一篇日记 故选C项
, 。 D.Make a difference to the future.
高级词块 .go for选择 .be turned off by对……失去
1 2 答案
兴趣
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文 主题语境为人与社会 本文
Passage 5 。 。
介绍了英国的慈善商店的历史 经营方式及社会意义
What do youdowitholdstuff Thatdressyouboughtfora 、 。
? 1.D 推理判断题 本题题干意为 本文的主要写作目的是
party three years ago for example. You wore it once and put it 。 :
, 第一段以问题的形式引出文章主题 根据第 段
away somewhere. So what to do 。 , 2
, ? 及后面段落内容可知本文介绍的是英国慈善商店的有关内
In the UK we might take it to a charity shop. The first
, 容 故答案为D项
charity shops appeared in Britain in the th century. The , 。
19 2.C 细节理解题 本题题干意为 现代慈善商店可能由
Salvation Army was one of the first to run a second⁃hand 。 :
经营 根据第 段中的 In Oxfam opened a
clothing shop to provide the needy with affordable clothes. This 。 2 “ 1947,
charity shop in High Street Oxford which is the modern
was followed by charities such as the British Red Cross who , ,
, form we know today. 可知答案为C项
also relievedhardshipandraisedmoneyforthewareffortduring ” 。
3.A 猜测词义题 本题题干意为 第 段中画线词
World WarTwo. In OxfamopenedacharityshopinHigh 。 : 3
1947, assuage 可能是什么意思 根据画线词后面的句子 你可
Street Oxford which is the modern form we know today. “ ” ? (
, , 以很好地证明你是在做好事 因为你所做的是为了慈善事
These days charity shops are a common sight with around ,
, 业 你正在从垃圾填埋场中挽救一些东西 可知画线词所
shops across the UK according to the Charity Retail , )
11,200 , 在句子意为 对于捐献者来说 那可能会有助于减轻消费
Association. During business hours the public can donate their : ,
者内疚感 故答案为A项 减轻
unwanted items to a charity shop clothes books electronics , ( )。
— , , , 4.B 推理判断题 本题题干意为 作者在最后一段建议人
furniture. Theseitemsarecheckedforwearandtearandiffound 。 :
们做什么 根据最后一段尤其是最后一句 所以下次你需
still serviceable they will be priced up to be sold at a heavily ? (
, 要扔掉一些东西的时候 想想慈善商店 毕竟 慈善事业
discounted price. , ——— ,
从家里开始 可知答案为 B 项 慈善事业从日常生活开
For many this is a win⁃win situation. To the charity it !) (
, , 始
means a valuable source of income. To the consumer it )。
, 高级词块 .put away放在一边 .relieve hardship缓解
provides the opportunity to buy often extremely cheaply items 1 2
, , 困难 .wear and tear磨损
and clothes. To the donator it may help to assuage consumer 3
,
guilt. Youcanmakeaprettygoodcasetoyourselfthatyouare
“
专题十二 猜测词义 5 67
Passage6 乏透明度 导致一些人对于安全的担心 画线词和and后
, 。
Both fresh and processed foods make up vitalparts ofthe 的concerns是并列关系 故选D
。 。
food supply. Processed food contributes to both food security 3.A 推理判断题 根据文章最后一段中的 However the
。 ,
quantity and nutrition safety quality . Nutrition and other type and extent of processing do not necessarily relate to
( ) ( )
professional scientists recognize that fresh local foods cannot nutritional content of the product.可知 加工的种类和程度并
, ,
meet all nutritional requirements. Food processing is 不一定与产品的营养成分有关 再结合文章整体可推断
。 ,
necessary. 作者认为食品加工对人们的饮食有积极的影响 故选A
。 。
Although nutritional security and food security both depend Passage7
on food processing in recent years there has been great public The COVID⁃ pandemic has changed life as we knew it
, 19
controversy over the nutritional contribution that they make to just a few weeks ago. Millions of people worldwide are now
our diets. under required or voluntary lockdowns. All public attractions
,
If enrichment were not present large percentages of the including museums and aquariums are closed and the usually
, , ,
population would have had inadequate vitamins and trace crowded streets of popular tourist destinations are empty. An
elements 微量元素 in their diets. Thus processed foods are unexpected silver lining during these challenging times for
( ) ,
nutritionally important to our diets. How then do we increase humans isthatmanyanimalsarefinallygettingachancetoleave
, ,
the contribution of processed food to nutritional security and their normal habitats and move about freely.
food security The first animals to take advantage of human absence were
?
Rather than limiting processed foods in the diet it may be Annie and Edward two penguins who live at Chicagos Shedd
, ,
more productive to encourage the best available food options Aquarium. A video released on March showed the
, 15, 2020,
namely those that provide fewer elements to limit and more couple eagerly duckwalking around exploring the aquariums
, ,
nutrients to encourage for the calories consumed. various exhibits.The video which instantly became popular
, ,
Onedisadvantageofcommercialfoodprocessingtechniques inspired other institutions to share short videos of their four⁃
is that they are poorly understood.Commercial food processing legged creatures playing as well.
involves techniques that are difficult for the general public to The Cincinnati Zoo in Ohio joined the fun trend on March
grasp andthatareoutoftheircontrol thusintroducingalackof with a Home Safari live⁃stream series the first
, 16,2020, “ ” —
transparency 透明 and leading to suspicion and concerns about starring its adorablebabypanda Fiona. Letushelpmakeyour
( ) , “
safety in some individuals. childrenshiatusfromschoolfunandeducational zooofficials
,”
Inaddition concernsaboutthenutritionalcontentandother announced. Join us for a Home Safari Online Live each
, “
aspects of the production of processed food have caused weekday at p.m. where we willhighlightone ofouramazing
3 ,
criticisms of processed foods as over⁃processed and not animals and include an activity you can do from home.
“ ” ”
compatible 兼容的 withgoodnutrition. However thetypeand Meanwhile the San Diego Safari Park has kept its webcams
( ) , ,
extent of processing do not necessarily relate to nutritional 网络摄像头 rolling allowing fans to enjoy lovable animals
( ) ,
content of the product. without leaving home. Animals in the wild are also lively as
1.What causes disagreement over food processing humans stay indoors. The absence of cruise ships is bringing large
?
A.Food quality. B.Food options. numbers of dolphins to a port in Cagliari while groups of wild
,
C.Food quantity. D.Food supplies. turkeys are happily walking on the streets of Oakland.
2.What does the underlined word suspicion in paragraph Though the animals indeed appear to be having a good
“ ”
5 probably mean time the heartwarming videos and images shared on social
? ,
A.Excitement. B.Satisfaction. media are also bringing much⁃needed cheer to millions of
,
C.Depression. D.Doubt. humans worldwide. Stay strong and healthy We are all in this
!
3.What does the writer think of food processing together
? !
A.It has a positive influence on peoples diets. 1.What changes has the COVID⁃ pandemic caused to the zoo
19
B.It should be increased significantly. animals
?
C.It would require further investigation. A.They are now under required or voluntary lockdowns.
D.It offers people unnecessary extra nutrition. B.They can enjoy a free life without tourists disturbance.
答案 C.They will be faced with unexpected existing challenges.
[语篇解读] 本文为议论文 主题语境为人与社会 主题语 D.They get a chance to wander about freely in the wild.
。 ,
境内容为社会热点问题 文章主要讲述了加工食品是食品 2.What does the underlined word hiatus in Paragraph 3
。 “ ”
供应的重要组成部分 有助于食物安全和保证营养 mean
, 。 ?
1.A 细节理解题 根据文章第二段可知 虽然营养安全和 A.Courses. B.Sightseeing.
。 ,
食品安全都取决于食品加工 但近年来 它们对饮食的营养 C.Activities. D.Interruption.
, ,
贡献引起了巨大的公众争议 所以 加工食品的质量导致 3.Why has the San Diego Safari Park kept its webcams rolling
。 , ?
了对加工过程的争议 故选A A.To enable people to admire animals at home.
。 。
2.D 猜测词义题 根据文章第五段可知 商业食品加工所 B.To film the animals wandering about in the zoo.
。 ,
涉及的技术 一般公众难以理解 他们也无法控制 因此缺 C.To compete for more viewers online.
, , ,
5 68 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
D.To record peoples life in the COVID⁃ crisis. 1.What doestheunderlinedword exclusive inparagraph2
19 “ ”
4.Which of the following is the best title for the text mean
? ?
A.The Pandemic Affects the World A.Unique. B.Similar.
B.Lovely Animals Bring Fun to People C.Relevant. D.Fundamental.
C.Animals Play in the Absence of Humans 2.Why do some people prefer oversharing at parties
?
D.Stay Strong and Healthy in the Pandemic A.To draw others attention.
答案 B.To satisfy others curiosity.
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文 主题语境为人与社会 主题 C.To remove negative feelings.
。 ,
语境内容为社会热点问题 文章介绍了因为疫情缘故 人 D.To develop good relationships.
。 ,
们无法出门 动物们开始了自由的狂欢 与此同时 各家动 3.Which of the following may Dr. Hand agree with
, 。 , ?
物园提供线上节目使得人们在家也能欣赏动物 A.Sharing more details online can attract more sympathy.
。
1.B 细节理解题 根据第一段可知 在人类面临挑战的时 B.Oversharingnegativeexperiencesisequaltocryingforhelp.
。 ,
期 一个意想不到的好消息是 许多动物终于有机会离开它 C.Sharing negative posts cant help one become socially
, ,
们平常的栖息地 自由活动 所以 新冠肺炎期间 景点的 attractive.
, 。 , ,
关闭使得动物们能自由活动 没有游客的干扰 故选B D.Oversharing isnt likely to happen online when things go
, 。 。
2.D 猜测词义题 根据第三段中的 where we will highlight wrong.
。
one ofouramazinganimalsandincludeanactivityyoucando 4.According to the text what should be avoided for online
,
from home可知 线上节目使孩子们从学习中暂时脱离出 sharing
, ?
来 所以hiatus为 间断 脱离 之意 故选D A.Reflecting on past bad manners.
。 “ , ” 。 。
3.A 细节理解题 根据第四段中的 allowing fans to enjoy B.Showing a great many expensive goods.
。
lovable animals without leaving home可知 应选A C.Writing a recipe for a balanced breakfast.
, 。
4.C 主旨要义题 根据全文可知 文章主要讲述了动物因 D.Recording unforgettable moments with friends.
。 ,
为人们不能出门所得到的乐趣 故选C 答案
。 。
Passage8 [语篇解读] 本文为议论文 主题语境为人与社会 主题语
。 ,
Growing up as kidswearetoldtoshareourtoysandnotto 境内容为社会热点问题 文章议论了社交媒体上的过度分
。
be selfish. Wealsoliveinanagewhendiscussingourfeelingsis 享现象
。
encouraged. But when does it all become too much With new 1.A 猜测词义题 根据文章第二段中的 Oversharing has
? 。 “ ”
crazes all the time such as dance challenges and wearing a become associated with social media可知 过度分享 已经
, ,“ ”
carpet as a dress the question is when can sharing become 和社交媒体联系在一起了 下文又说 想象一下你去参加一
, : , ,
oversharing on social media 个聚会 遇到了某个人 不到五分钟 他们就透露了自己生
? , 。 ,
Oversharing has become associated with social media 活的私人细节 由此可知 过度分享 并不是这个平台独
“ ” , 。 ,“ ”
but it isnt exclusive to this platform. Imagine you head to a 有的 故选A
。 。
party andmeetsomeone. Withinfiveminutestheyhaverevealed 2.D 细节理解题 根据文章第二段可知 这种过度分享的
。 ,
private details about their life. While some of us may try to 形式可能来自与某人联系的强烈愿望 所以 有些人喜欢
。 ,
escape these people according to marriage advisor Carolyn 在聚会上过度分享是为了发展良好的关系 故选D
, 。 。
Cole this form of oversharing could come from a strong desire 3.C 推理判断题 根据文章第四段可知 Hand博士的研究
, 。 ,
to connect with someone. But how does this translate to social 似乎也表明 我们在平台上发布的帖子越多 我们的社交吸
, ,
media 引力就越大 前提是我们发布的帖子都是积极的 由此可
? , 。
Dr. ChristopherHand alecturerincyberpsychology 网络 推断 分享负面帖子并不能帮助一个人在社交上变得有吸
, ( ,
心理学 says the more details people disclose the less 引力 故选C
), , 。 。
sympathy we express when things go wrong. It seems that 4.B 推理判断题 根据文章第四段可知 我们应该避免在
。 ,
searchingforsympathybyoversharingisgenerallyconsideredas 网上抱怨 我们也应该避免炫耀 尤其是在我们的爱情生
。 ,
negative rather than the cry for help it could really be. 活上 由此可推断 展示许多昂贵的商品属于炫耀 应该避
。 , ,
However Dr. Hands research also seems to suggest that 免 故选B
, 。 。
the more we post on a platform the more socially attractive we Passage9
,
become provided that the posts that we bang out are positive. Forget smartphones and smart glasses. One day we might
— ,
Even back in Gwendolyn Seidman PhD said that we have smart tattoos 文身 . The company NewDealDesign came
2015, ( )
should avoid complaining and being negative online. We should up with an idea for a product called UnderSkin. The device
also avoidshowingoff especiallyaboutourlovelives. Itmakes would look like a pair of tattoos on your palm and the side of
,
sense if yourdate isgoing thatwell wouldyoureallyhave your thumb but it would actually be a very thin computer
— “ ”, ,
time to share a photo with text implanted just below your skin. It would draw power from your
?
So how can you know if you are oversharing Well why bodys energy and you could use it to unlock doors monitor
, ? , , ,
not ask your friends in real life They would probably be happy your health exchange and store information or even express
? , ,
to tell you if your posts about your breakfast or your complaints your personality. UnderSkin is just an idea you cant go out
—
about your lack of money really are too much. and get one but the technology exists to make it work. We
— “
专题十二 猜测词义 5 69
assume it is about five years from being real says designer objective客观的 indifferent 漠不关心的 根据文章 作者
,” ; 。 ,
Gadi Amit. 没有发表任何观点 只是陈述事实 文章最后一段中 也只
, , ,
The writer and technology entrepreneur Amal Graffstra 是引用别人的观点 因此 作者是客观的态度 故选C
。 , 。 。
already has a chip called a radio⁃frequency identification Passage10
RFID tag 标签 implanted in his hand. I use it to log into Our brain doesnt know how to be happy or even content.
( ) ( ) “ ,
my computer. Ialsouseittosharecontactdetailswithpeople It simply lacks the genetic instructions to carry out that task. It
,”
he says. The chip is about the size of a grain of rice and knows how to do a million other less important things from
,
responds to radio signals with a unique identification number. writing alettertomaintainingourbalance fromappreciatingthe
;
If acomputerizedtattooorembeddedtagisntcrazyenough music of Bach to smelling a rose but if you ask the brain to be
,
for you whataboutabrainchip ThecompanyIntelisworking happy it simply doesnt know how to respond.
, ? ,
on technology that would let you control your devices with your This is because the genetic code is only concerned with
mind. Dean Pomerleau one of the researchers explains survival and reproduction which happiness does not necessarily
, , , ,
Were trying to prove you can do interesting things with brain have anything to do with and therefore belongs in a different
“ ,
waves...Imagine being able to surf the Web with the power of realm 范围 . Naturedoesntwantustoalwaysfeelcontentand
( )
your thoughts. satisfied letalonehappy asthiswouldlowerourguardagainst
” , ,
Do you think embedded chips sound cool or creepy Some possible threats to our survival.
?
doctors are concerned about people hurting themselves while Happiness astheBrazilianpoetViniciusdeMoraesputit
, ,
getting devices implanted. They argue that medical procedures is like a feather flying in the air. It flies light but not for very
“ ,
are meant to heal sick people and not to give healthy people long . It is so elusive that it has also been compared to a
”
special powers. Others worry about hacking and privacy. Could butterfly which when pursued is always just beyond your
, “ ,
someone hack in and steal your identity or even control your grasp butwhich ifyouwillsitdownquietly mayalightupon
, , , ,
mind On a more philosophical level if you have a computer you according to th⁃century American novelist Nathaniel
? , ”, 19
inside your body are you still a human Or are you a cyborg Hawthorne. In any case what is clear is that happiness is at
, ? , ,
半机械人 best fleeting 飞逝的 and inconstant.
( )? , ( )
What do you think would you want a computer under In this blog we will look at the myth of happiness from
— ,
your skin many perspectives and in the process we will touch on topics
? , ,
1.Whatcanwe learnaboutUnderSkinaccordingtothepassage such as happypersonalities the unhappyworkingsofthe brain
? , ,
A.It is a pair of tattoos on your palm. evolution dreams and even fairy tales. I explore all these
, ,
B.It may come into being in five years. issues in detailinmybook whichsharesitstitle withthisblog.
,
C.It is able to respond to radio signals. Happiness is a crucial concept. We spend all of our lives
D.It can be charged through a computer. pursuing it so it deserves a very careful analysis.
,
2.Amal Graffstra is mentioned in Paragraph to show . We are determined by our biological design to experience
2
A.there exists the technology to produce UnderSkin mixedand messy emotions. But the silver lining is the knowledge
B.Amal Graffstra can have access to advanced products that having difficult emotions doesnt represent a personal failure.
C.the RFID tag is quite useful for people in life The inevitable unhappiness that we all suffer from time to time is
D.people tend to share contact details with people not a shortcoming that demands urgent repair. Far from it. This
3.What does the underlined word creepy in Paragraph 4 unhappiness is in fact what makes us humans.
“ ” , ,
mean? 1.Why does our brain lack the genetic instructions to be happy
?
A.Amazing. B.Attractive. C.Horrible. D.Useless. A.Because beinghappyislessimportantthanappreciatingand
4.Whats the authors attitude towards the implanted computer creating art.
?
A.Positive. B.Negative. C.Objective. D.Indifferent. B.Because happinesshaslittletodowiththecontinuationofa
答案 species.
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文 主题语境为人与社会 主题语 C.Because we tend to be more aware of the threats when we
。 ,
境内容为科学发展与信息技术创新 文章主要介绍了芯片 are unhappy.
。
植入技术 同时引述了人们对它的看法 D.Because feeling good isnt one of our concerns in living a
, 。
1.B 细节理解题 根据第一段中的 We assume it is about life.
。
five years from being real可知 B项表述最相符 故选B 2.What does the underlined word in paragraph 3 most
, 。 。
2.A 推理判断题 根据文章第一段的 but the technology probably mean?
。
exists tomakeitwork和第二段的AmalGraffstraalreadyhas A.Difficult to achieve. B.Easy to expose.
a chip called a radio⁃frequency identification RFID tag C.Unable to explain. D.Likely to remain.
( )
implanted in his hand可知 A项表述最相符 故选A 3.What can we learn from the passage
, , 。 ?
3.C 猜测词义题 根据第四段第一句话中的coolorcreepy 基 A.We shouldmakehappinessourtopconcernnomatterwhat.
。 ,
本可以将答案锁定在C D 两个选项上 再根据下文中的 B.Negative emotions always require immediate attention.
、 。
concerned hurting worry等字眼可知 应选C C.Social failures are more likely to be troubled by negative
, , , 。
4.C 推理判断题 positive 积极的 negative 消极的 feelings.
。 ; ;
5 70 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
D.Weshouldacceptdifficultemotionsasanaturalpartoflife. The winning companies said they could build new offshore
答案 windfarmsforaround permegawatthour MWh ofpower.
40 ( )
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文 主题语境为人与自我 主题语 This was a new record set by these wind farms with bids
。 , 30
境内容为认识自我 文章介绍了我们大脑不知道怎么感到 percent lower than just two years earlier.
。
幸福并分析了其背后的原因 也引述了一些人的看法 1.What does the passage mainly talk about
, 。 ?
1.B 细节理解题 根据第二段中的 This is because the A.Offshore wind farms to be built in the UK could reduce
。
genetic code is only concerned with survival and household energy bills by producing electricity very cheaply.
reproduction which happiness does not necessarily have B. Offshore wind farms will not be subsidized by the
,
anything to do with and therefore belongs in a different government in the near future.
,
realm.可知 幸福与物种的延续没有多大关系 故选B C.The importance of CFDs.
, 。 。
2.A 猜测词义题 第三段将幸福比作任性的蝴蝶来调侃它 D.The operation of negative subsidies.
。
的飘忽不定 它被追逐 却总是不在你的掌控中 但是如果 2.According to Paragraph offshore wind farms .
, , , 2,
你悄悄地坐下 它会降落在你身上 由此可知 幸福是很难 A.will stop producing power in the mid⁃ s
, 。 , 2020
得到的 故选A B.are paying money back to the government
。 。
3.D 推理判断题 根据文章的最后一段中的But the silver C.will help reduce household energy bills
。
lining is the knowledge that having difficult emotions doesnt D.will all operate with negative subsidies
‘ ’
represent a personal failure.以及This unhappiness is in fact 3.The underlined words top up in Paragraph 6 probably
, , “ ”
what makes us humans.可知 我们应该接受艰难的情绪作为 mean .
,
生活的一部分 故选D A.make up B.take up
。 。
Passage11 C.cover D.fill up
Renewable energy projects including onshore and offshore 4.What can be inferred from the passage
, ?
wind and solar farms have so far been subsidized 资助 by A. The renewable energy projects will lead to some to
, ( )
government support schemes.This has led to some to complain complain that clean energy is pushing up bills.
that clean energy is pushing up bills. B.The company whose bidislessthanthewholesaleelectricity
However the most recently approved offshore wind price will receive a subsidy.
,
projects will most likely operate with negative subsidies C.The stated electricity price is now higher than the wholesale
‘ ’—
paying money back to the government. The money will go electricity price.
towards reducing household energy bills as the offshore wind D.Fossil⁃fueled power will be soon produced cheaply.
farms start producing power in the mid⁃ s. 5.What isthe authorsattitude towardstheoffshorewindfarms
2020 ?
This is the conclusion of an analysis by an international A.Curious. B.Pessimistic.
team led by Imperial College London researchers published C.Indifferent. D.Optimistic.
today in Nature Energy. 6.Where does this text probably come from
?
Lead researcher Dr Malte Jansen from the Centre for A.A science fiction.
,
Environmental Policy at Imperial said Offshore wind power B.A financial magazine.
, :“
willsoonbesocheaptoproducethatitwillundercutfossil⁃fueled C.An advertisement.
power stations and may be the cheapest form of energy for the D.A science report.
UK.Energy subsidies used to push up energy bills but within a 答案
,
few yearscheaprenewableenergywillseethembroughtdownfor [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文 主题语境是人与自然 主
。 ,
the first time.This is an astonishing development. 题语境内容为人类生存 社会发展与环境的关系 本文介绍
” 、 。
The analysis for five countries in Europe including the 了英国的可再生能源工程 包括陆上和海上风能和太阳能发
, ,
UK focused on a series of government auctions 拍卖 for 电场 工程有可能在不远的将来减少家庭能源账单
, ( ) , 。
offshore wind farms between February and September
2015
.Companies that want to build wind farms bid in the
2019
auctions by stating the price at which they will sell the energy
they produce to the government.
These are known as contracts for differences or CFDs.If
‘ ’
a companys bid is higher than the wholesale electricity price on
the UK market once the wind farm is up and running then the
,
company will receive a subsidy from the government to top up
the price.
However if the stated price 规定价格 is less than the
, ( )
wholesale price then the company will pay the government
,
back the difference.This payback is then passed through to
consumers energy bills reducing the amount that homes and 1.A 主旨要义题 根据第二段内容可知 获得批准的海上
, 。 ,
businesses will pay for electricity. 风电项目很有可能在负补贴的情况下运营 将资金返还
———
专题十二 猜测词义 5 71
给政府 随着海上风力发电场在本世纪 年代中期开始 With Fira by my side I saw into a life in which trust
。 20 “ ,
发电 这笔钱将用于减少家庭能源账单 故选A 将在英国 comes first and compassion follows. I found deep peace in
, , ( , ”
建造的海上风力发电场可能以非常低廉的价格发电 从而 leading heralongapath byusingmyownpowerofintentionto
, ,
降低家庭能源账单 indicate whether to start stop turn left or turn right.I felt inner
)。 , ,
2.C 推理判断题 根据第二段内容可知海上风力发电场的 quiet and even joy.My work with this horse was part of a
。
建立将会减少家庭能源账单 故选C journey out of a very dark night in my soul.
, 。
3.A 猜测词义题 根据第六段中的the company will receive 1.What do we know about the author from the first three
。
a subsidy from the government to top up the price 公司将从 paragraphs
( ?
政府获得一笔补贴 以弥补差价 可知topup在这里是弥补 A.She often lost consciousness.
, )
的意思 故选A B.She loves animals very much.
, 。
4.C 推理判断题 根据倒数第二段第一句 However if the C.She suffered from mental illness.
。 ,
stated price islessthanthewholesaleprice thenthecompany D.She went to a doctor with high hopes.
,
will pay the government back the difference. 但是 如果规定 2.When the author first met Fira she .
( , ,
的价格低于批发电价 那么公司将退还政府差价 可知目 A.was deeply touched by its reaction
, 。)
前批发电价高于规定价格 故选C B.had already recovered from her pain
, 。
5.D 推理判断题 从第四段中的 This is an astonishing C.was curious about what would happen
。
development. 这是一个惊人的发展 以及文章最后一句 D.didnt have any interest in keeping a pet
( 。)
This was a new record set by these wind farms with bids 3.What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 3 mean
30 ?
percent lowerthanjusttwoyearsearlier. 这是这些风力发电 A.Get out of trouble.
(
场创下的新纪录 投标价格比仅仅两年前低了 % 可知 B.Keep away from others.
, 30 。)
作者对待海上风力发电场的态度是乐观的 故选D C.Lift up my spirits.
, 。
6.B 推理判断题 因为本文讨论的是海上风力发电和家庭经 D.Make up my mind.
。
济负担的关系 故选B 一本财经杂志 而一份科学报告 A 4.When the author and Fira worked together .
, ( )。 ( ,
science report 是要有具体实验数据支持的 故排除D A.the author had to try hard to feel better
) , 。
Passage12 B.Fira helped the author focus on her thoughts
My doctor took me for a walk around the farm where she C.the author recalled her past hurts fears and failings
,
live. Iwasphysicallyandemotionallyexhaustedanddiscouraged D.Fira understood the authors emotions and reacted positively
by anxiety and depression. 5.What did the author learn during her time with Fira
?
The place was full of life.There were insects horses A.It is important to make every day count.
, ,
rabbits and a cat.She told me to focus on my body in the B.One shouldnt be affected by emotions.
environment. C.One should learn lessons from the past.
When I was ill I tended to retreat into my mind and D.It is essential to show sympathy for others.
disconnect from here and now.So when I met a horse named 答案
,
Fira I expected nothing. [语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文 主题语境是人与自我 主
, 。 ,
As I got closer to Fira she nuzzled 摩擦 her nose into 题语境内容为认识自我 丰富自我 完善自我 本文介绍了
, ( ) , , 。
my chest putting a gentle pressure over my heart.Something 作者通过和一匹马相处克服了自己的焦虑和压力
, 。
happened inside me I felt as if I had reached a wellspring 源 1.C 推理判断题 从第一段中的 I was physically and
: ( 。
泉 ofpasthurts fearsandfailings.Ibegantomeltemotionally. emotionally exhausted and discouraged by anxiety and
) ,
I patted Firas nose and breathed in her smell.I found I depression. 焦虑和抑郁使我身心俱疲 灰心丧气 和第三
( , 。)
didnt have to concentrate on feeling better Fira helped me feel 段中的When I was ill... 当我生病的时候 可以得知
; ( ……)
loved and safe. 作者有焦虑和抑郁等精神疾病 故选C
。 。
I worked with Fira often learning basic communication 2.A 细节理解题 根据第四段中的 As I got closer to Fira
, 。 ,
and leadingmethodstoworktogetherwithher.Initially Iwasnt she nuzzled her nose into my chest putting a gentle pressure
, ,
sure exactlywhatonewoulddowithahorseexceptridingit.But over my heart.Something happened inside me 当我走近菲拉
(
I knew that Fira had touched me in an uncommon way and had 时 它用鼻子摩擦我的胸口 轻轻地压在我的心脏上 我的
, , 。
mademefeelbetter.Sheconnectedwithmebyrespondingtomy 内心发生了一些变化 可知选A
) 。
emotional state and reflecting it back to me in an open 3.B 猜测词义题 根据第三段中的When I was ill I tended
, 。
affectionate way. toretreatintomymindanddisconnectfromhereandnow. 当
(
In my meetingswithFira IfoundthatIlostmyusualself⁃ 我生病的时候 我倾向于隐退到我的思想中 脱离此时此
, , ,
consciousness and I would focus entirely on communicating. 地 可知选B getoutoftrouble摆脱困境 keepawayfrom
。) 。 ;
I learned to live in the present to focus on what was others远离他人 lift up my spirits 振奋我的精神 make up
, ; ;
happening this day in this moment in this place.I learned to my mind下定我的决心
, , 。
forget the past with all its hurts.I learned to forget the future 4.D 推理判断题 根据第六段最后一句中的 responding to
, , 。
which hasnt happened yet.When you stand beside a horse you my emotionalstate以及reflectingitbacktome可知选D 菲
, (
exist completely in the moment. 拉理解了作者的情绪 并做出了积极的反应
, )。
5 72 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
5.A 细节理解题 根据倒数第二段第一句I learned to live thousands of groups.It serves as a reflection of the choices and
。
in the present to focus on what was happening this day in journeys that each of us makes and helps us understand how
, ,
this moment in this place. 我学会了活在当下 关注这一 plastic in the oceans is closely connected with the future of
, ( ,
天 这一刻 这个地方发生的事情 可知选A 让每一天都 human life.
、 、 。) (
有意义是很重要的 1.What makes the book Junk Raft attractive to readers
)。 ?
难句分析 原句:I found deep peace in leading her along a A.Eriksens fellow sailor Joel Paschal.
path, byusingmyownpowerofintentiontoindicatewhetherto B.Efforts made to put an end to the use of plastics.
start, stop, turn left or turn right. C.Eriksens adventures on the plastic ocean on a raft.
分析:此句中,by using...作方式状语。 D.Eriksens soldierly service and environmental study.
译文:我在引导它走一条小路的过程中,通过用我自己 2.What has raised peoples concern according to the passage
?
的意愿的力量来指示是开始、停止、向左还是向右找到了深 A.More rubbish being poured into the ocean.
深的平静。 B.Plastics accumulating in rare species of fish.
C.Many species in the oceans suffering from shock.
Passage13
D.The waters of the ocean being polluted by plastics.
The storyofavoyagebearingwitnesstoplasticpollutionin
the oceans Junk Raft based on facts is an exciting book.
3.What does the underlined word this in Paragraph 3
“ ”
, , ,
refer to
Science educator and researcher Marcus Eriksens navigational
?
A.Making accounts accessible.
feat 航海壮举 is holding readers attention and interest
( ) —88 B.Listing the environmental issues.
days crossing some kilometers of the open ocean on a
4,000 , C.Taking pollution into account.
raft 筏 made of plastic bottles wrapped in fishing
( ) 15,000 D.Facing the environmental challenge.
nets.But it is more.Two equally fascinating story lines are made
4.What is the main reason for sea plastic pollution
up through the written records of a series of events Eriksens ?
: A.The overuse of household items.
evolution from soldier to research director of the environmental
B.The wasteful throwaway culture.
non⁃profit Gyres Institute and the journey we all need to take
5 , C.The production of more materials.
towards a more sustainable use of plastics.
D.The failure to find potential solutions.
Around % of all the litter in our ocean is plastic and a
15 , 5.According to the passage the trouble of industry and policy
calculated milliontonsofplasticwasteentertheseasannually. ,
5 engagement is that .
Unavoidably it is now present at the sea surface and on
, A.the current policy is yet to be further perfected
shorelines in Arctic seas and on the sea bed at depths of
, 3,500 B.people turn a blind eye to the plastics industry
metres.Around sea species are known to come into contact
700 C.people lack correct awareness of the problem
with pieces of waste plastic material and can be harmed or
— D.the market need for plastics is enlarging on land
killed by taking in it or becoming twisted and caught in it.
6.What is the authors attitude toward Eriksens work
This environmental challenge has attracted increasing ?
A.Cautious. B.Ambiguous. C.Doubtful.D.Appreciative.
scientific media and societal attention in recent years yet few
, , 答案
accounts have conveyed the wider picture accessibly Junk Raft
— [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文 主题语境是人与自然 主
does justthis whileexposingourfrustratinglyslowprogresson 。 ,
— 题语境内容为人类生存 社会发展与环境的关系 本文介绍
an issue of major importance to fisheries tourism and finally 、 。
, , , 了一本书 书中描述了一个见证海洋塑料污染的航行故事
the health of the worlds oceans. , 。
Eriksen lists the issues associated with the accumulation of
sea plastic the causes consequencesandpotentialsolutions.Our
: ,
single use culture is the main offender.For more than years
60 ,
society and industry have been producing more and more
throwaway items particularly packaging.Eriksen takes the crisis
into consideration together with a timeline of scientific
discoveries and advancement since the s.Eriksen believes
1970
that the troubles of industry and policy involvement is because
people lack correct consciousness of the problem.
We are brought back to the realities of life aboard the raft 1.C 细节理解题 根据第一段中 Science educator and
, 。
with Eriksens fellow sailor Joel Paschal.This is both fascinating researcher Marcus Eriksens navigational feat is holding
and eventful from their slow occasionally very dangerous readers attention and interest days crossing some
, , —88 4,000
progress to the moments when it seems the raft will break up kilometers oftheopenocean onaraftmadeof plastic
, 15,000
into pieces litteringtheoceanwiththewastematerialEriksenis bottleswrappedinfishingnets. 科学教育家兼研究员马库斯
, (
trying so hard to fight against. 埃里克森的航海壮举引起了读者的注意和兴趣 他乘
· ———
Junk Raft is filled with adventure romance a sense of 坐由 个被渔网包住的塑料瓶制成的筏子 历时
, , 15,000 , 88
optimism and important truths that will be needed by the 天 横渡了约 公里的广阔的大海 可知答案选C
, 4,000 。) 。
专题十二 猜测词义 5 73
2.D 推理判断题 这本书主要讲述了海洋中的塑料污染情 phase in Beijings wildlife protection work said Dai
。 ,”
况 故答案选D Mingchao deputy director of the Beijing Gardening and
, 。 ,
3.A 猜测词义题 在本段中this指代的是前文提到的内容 Greening Bureau.
。
have conveyed the wider picture accessibly 故选A We will step up the publicity of the regulation and raise
, 。 “
4.B 推理判断题 根据第四段中Oursingleusecultureisthe citizens awareness of wildlife protection Dai said. In our
。 ,” “
main offender. 我们的一次性文化是罪魁祸首 可知答案 integrated protection of mountains rivers forests farmlands
( 。) , , , ,
选B 铺张浪费的一次性文化 lakes and grasslands we take into full consideration the
( )。 ,
5.C 推理判断题 根据第四段最后一句话Eriksen believes requirements of food⁃chain construction ecological corridor
。 ,
that the trouble of industry and policy involvement is because construction and wildlife and their habitat protection.
, ”
people lack correct consciousness of the problem. 埃里克森 1.In writing Paragraph the author aims to .
( 1,
认为 行业和政策介入的麻烦在于人们缺乏对问题的正确 A.introduce the topic B.present an argument
,
认识 可知答案选C C.reach a conclusion D.describe a place
。) 。
6.D 推理判断题 通过文章最后一段的描述Junk Raft is 2.What have the staff at the wildlife rescue base done
。 ?
filled with adventure romance ... is closely connected with A.They have sped up their efforts to help the birds recover.
, ,
the future of human life.可知作者是非常欣赏这本书的 故 B.They have guarded peoples health against danger.
。
C.They have saved wild animals from a dangerous situation.
答案选 D cautious 谨慎的 ambiguous 模棱两可的
。 ; ;
D.Theyhavepushedtheestablishmentofdistrict⁃levelwildlife
doubtful怀疑的 appreciative欣赏的
; 。 rescue centers.
难句分析 原句:It serves as a reflection of the choices and
3.What doestheunderlinedword concrete inParagraph
journeys that each of us makes and helps us understand how “ ” 4
probably mean
plastic in the oceans is closely connected with the future of ?
A.Practical. B.Temporary. C.Effective. D.Specific.
human life.
4.What do we know about the new regulation
分析:本句中that 引导定语从句,先行词为 a reflection。 ?
A.It is mainly targeted at poachers.
how引导宾语从句。
B.It is the first such regulation in Beijing.
译文:它反映了我们每个人的选择和旅程,并帮助我们
C.It takes many years to come into being.
理解海洋中的塑料与人类的未来生活是如何紧密相连的。
D.It prohibits people from hunting in Beijing all the year.
Passage14
5.What can we learn from Paragraphs and
At a large forest park in eastern Beijing birds on the 7 8?
, 11 A. Beijing citizens are still not familiar with the new
state⁃level protection list were recently released.
regulation.
These birdshadrecoveredaftertheBeijingWildlifeRescue
B.After taking the new regulation Beijing will enter a new
and Rehabilitation Center rescued and took care of them. We ,
“ phase.
will speed up our efforts to push the establishment of district⁃
C.They rarely give full consideration to the requirements of
level wildlife rescue centers to jointly guard the health of
food⁃chain construction.
wildlife said Du Lianhai director of the center.
,” , D.The protection of mountains rivers forests farmlands
The center was set up in and built a wildlife rescue , , , ,
2001 lakes and grasslands are not in the new regulation yet.
base in the capitals Shunyi District in .Staff at the base
2005 6.What could be the best title for the passage
haverescuedandrehabilitatedover wildanimalsintotal. ?
30,000 A.How to protect wild animals in Beijing
Wildlife protection has been strengthened in Beijing in
B.Beijing steps up wildlife protection with new regulation
recent years.OnJune st thecitysnewlyadoptedregulationon
1 , C. More district⁃level wildlife rescue centers established
wildlife protection took effect introducing stricter and more
in Beijing
,
concrete measures to protect the environment and wildlife.
D.Wildlife protection has been strengthened in Beijing
For example the regulation states clearly that Beijing bans 答案
,
hunting throughout the year compared with the previous [语篇解读] 本文是一篇新闻报道 主题语境是人与自然
,
。 ,
regulation which bans hunting during the periods of March to 主题语境内容为对野生动物的保护 本文介绍了北京为加
。
May and September to November each year.The new regulation 强对野生动物的保护 通过了新的 野生动物保护条例
, 《 》。
also gives severer punishment for poachers.
After years of monitoring data with the Beijing Gardening
,
and Greening Bureau recently showed ecological reconstruction
progress.The species and quantity of wild animals in Beijing are
continuously increasing with the number of terrestrial spinal
,
wild animals 陆地脊椎野生动物 growing from species
( ) 461
in tomore than .The habitatofthe endangeredbirdhas
1994 500
expanded fromFangshanDistricttothewholecity accordingto
,
the bureau. 1.A 推理判断题 根据下文可知第一段的写作目的是引出
。
The enforcement of the new regulation marked a new 后面对新的 野生动物保护条例 的介绍 故选A
“ 《 》 , 。
5 74 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
2.C 细节理解题 根据文章第三段中Staff at the base have 1.Justin hated Christmas because .
。
rescued and rehabilitated over wild animals in total. A.he thought Christmas makes no sense
30,000
该基地的工作人员总共解救和护理好了 万多只野生动 B.he had a hard time choosing gifts
( 3
物 可知答案选C C.he spent too much money buying gifts
。) 。
3.D 猜测词义题 第五段对上一段中的 stricter and more D.he disliked putting gifts under the Christmas tree
。 “
concrete measures 进行了举例说明 根据第五段可知 这些 2.We know from the passage that the team sponsored by inner⁃
” , ,
措施更具体 更严格了 故选D 详细的 practical实际的 city church .
、 。 , 。 ,
实用的 temporary暂时的 effective有效的 A.were well dressed
; ; 。
4.D 推理判断题 根据第五段第一句话可知 该条例全年 B.paid no attention to safety
。 ,
禁止在北京打猎 故选D C.feared Kevins team
。 。
5.A 推理判断题 第八段第一句中 We will step up the D.couldnt afford helmets
。
publicity of the regulation and raise citizens awareness of 3.Justin felt sad mainly because the youngsters in the other
wildlife protection 我们将加大对这个条例的宣传力度 提 team .
( ,
高公民保护野生动物的意识 可知新条例还有待宣传 广 A.didnt wear any helmets
) ,
大市民还不熟悉条例内容 故选A B.were dressed in worn⁃out shoes
。 。
6.B 主旨要义题 根据文章主要内容 可知文章的目的是
C.may lose confidence completely
。 ,
介绍和推广新的 野生动物保护条例 故选B 北京出台
D.failed in the match against his son
《 》。 (
新规定 加大野生动物保护力度
4. The underlined word in the last paragraph refers
, )。
Passage15
to .
A small white envelope stuck among the branches of our
, A.what the writer had done
Christmas tree and it has been there for ten years or so.
B.the envelope on the tree
It all began because my husband Justin hated Christmas
— C.the note inside the envelope
oh not the true meaning of Christmas.Overspending was one
, D.the gifts the writer sent to church
thing but compared to the difficult experience of choosing
, 5.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
gifts running around at the last minute to get a tie for Uncle ?
— A.A Church Gift B.A Special Note
Harry and a pair of gloves for Grandma... spending money is
, C.A White Envelope D.A Christmas Card
nothing.
答案
I felt too tired to think of any special gifts.Knowing Justin
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文 主题语境是人与自我 主
felt the same way I decided one year not to buy the usual 。 ,
, 题语境内容为家庭生活 本文讲述了作者为丈夫精心准备
shirts sweaters ties and so on.I reached for something special 。
, , 一份特殊圣诞节礼物的故事
just for Justin.The inspiration came in an unusual way. 。
1.B 细节理解题 根据文章第二段内容可知贾斯廷讨厌的
OursonKevin whowas thatyear waswrestlingatthe 。
, 12 , 是选择礼物的过程 故选B项
junior level at the school he attended and shortly before 。 。
; 2.D 推理判断题 根据文章第五段中As the match began I
Christmas there was a match against a team sponsored by an 。 ,
, was shocked to see that the other team were wrestling without
inner⁃city church.These youngsters dressed in such worn⁃out
, wearing helmets to protect their heads. 比赛开始后 我震惊
shoes thatshoe stringsseemedtobetheonlythingholdingthem ( ,
地看到另一支队伍在摔跤时没有戴头盔保护头部 和下
together while our boys were in their blue and gold uniforms 。)
, 文可知这支队伍没有钱买头盔 故选D项
and new wrestling shoes. , 。
3.C 推理判断题 根据文章第六段中 They have a lot of
As the match began I was shocked to see that the other 。
, potential butlosinglike thiscouldtake the heartoutofthem.
team were wrestling without wearing helmets to protect their ,
他们很有潜力 但是像这样输掉比赛会让他们失去信心
heads.Well our boys ended up defeating them.We took every ( ,
, 的 可知选C
weight class. 。) 。
4.A 猜测词义题 最后一段第一句中that指代前面的what
Justin seated beside me shook his head sadly I wish 。
, , , “ I had done 故答案选A
just one ofthemcouldhavewon hesaid. Theyhavealotof
。 。
,” “ 5.C 主旨要义题 这篇文章讲述了作者为丈夫准备的特殊
potential but losing like this could take the heart out of them.
。
, ” 礼物 并把礼物放到了一个白色信封里 挂在了圣诞树上
Justin loved kids all kids and he knew them having coached
, , 。
— , ,
故选C
football and baseball.Thats when the idea for his present came.
。
That afternoon I went to a local sporting goods store and 难句分析 原句:These youngsters, dressed in such worn⁃
,
bought differentkindsofwrestlinghelmetsandshoes.Isentthem out shoes that shoe strings seemed to be the only thing holding
to the inner⁃city church without leaving my name. them together, while our boys were in their blue and gold
On Christmas Eve I placed the envelope on the tree the uniforms and new wrestling shoes.
, ,
note inside telling Justin what I had done and that was his gift 分析:这句话中 dressed in such...作伴随状语,such...
from me.His smile was the brightest thing about Christmas that that...“如此……以至于……”表示结果;while“然而”表对比。
year andsincethentheenvelopehasbecomethehighlightofour 译文:这些年轻人穿着破旧的鞋子,似乎只有鞋带把它
Christmas. 们连在一起,而我们的男孩们则穿着金蓝相间的制服和新的
专题十二 猜测词义 5 75
摔跤鞋。 C.Although children with reading difficulty read slowly they
,
Passage16 read correctly.
Most children look forward to learning to read a process D.The children become frustrated and unhappy because they
,
whereby they learn to transform what are essentially abstract will have to read aloud.
handwriting onapageintomeaningfulletters thensounds then 3.What does Paragraph focus on
, , 4 ?
words and then entire sentences and paragraphs. Reading A.The correct way to deal with childrens reading difficulties.
,
represents a code 密码 specifically an alphabetic code.A B.The importance of observing their childs behavior.
( ): ,
great number of children are able to break the code after a year C.Dr. Sally Shaywitz a famous neuroscientist.
—
of instruction.For at least one in five children however the D.The worst thing parents can do when it comes to their
, ,
experience is very different. childs reading problems.
For them reading which seems to come effortlessly for 4.The underlined part dont catch her on the run
, , “ ”
others appears to be beyond their grasp.These children who probably means .
, ,
understand the spoken words and love to listen to stories
A.dont run after her
,
struggle to understand the same words when they are written on
B.dont talk to her while running
a page.They read slowly and uncertainly and words that they
C.dont speak to her while she is busy
,
read correctly in one sentence may be misread in a following
D.dont catch her as she runs away
sentence.Reading aloud may be particularly painful.Eventually
5.If parents want to meet with their childs teacher they
they grow frustrated and disappointed. ,
should .
Intheclassroom readingisking itisessentialforacademic
, ; A.arrange the meeting at the end of the school year
success.Teachers witnessing the gap between good and poor
, B.ask about their childs reading status at school
readerswidening maywonderwhattheyorthesechildrenmight
, C.ask the teacher to take measures to improve their childs
be doing wrong.Parents knowing that reading problems have
, reading ability
consequences all across development including into adult life
, D.make a list of questions after the meeting
question themselves feeling alternately guilty and angry.
, 答案
The worst thing parents can do if they suspect that their
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文 主题语境是人与自我 主
child hasa readingproblem istodonothing saysneuroscientist 。 ,
, 题语境内容为个人 家庭 社区及学校生活 本文说明了一
神经科学家 Dr.Sally Shaywitz.Thus if you observe the 、 、 。
( ) , 些孩子有读书障碍 作为家长应该如何同老师沟通帮助
signs start by speaking to your childs teacher.Shaywitz offers ,
, 孩子
some tips that will help parents make the most of their meeting 。
1.C 主旨要义题 第一段主要讲大多数孩子学习阅读时没
with the teacher 。
: 有问题 而至少五分之一的孩子却有困难 故选C
Before setting up a meeting it often helps to list your , , 。
▶ , 2.A 推理判断题 根据第二段第一句 For them reading
observations and your concerns.Parents are often so nervous 。 , ,
which seems to come effortlessly for others appears to be
when speaking to their childs teacher that they forget why they ,
beyond their grasp. 读书对其他人来说似乎毫不费力 而对
were worried.The teacher will appreciate having such a list as ( ,
他们来说 却似乎超出了他们的能力范围 可知 A 阅读
well. , 。) (
对一些孩子来说并不像对其他孩子那样容易 正确
Set up a specific time to speak to your childs teacher 。) 。
▶ ; 3.A 主旨要义题 由第四段第一句的Theworstthingparents
dont catch her on the run. 。
can do if theysuspectthattheirchildhasa readingproblem is
Find outhowyourchildisprogressinginreading askfor
▶ ; todonothing可知如果父母怀疑他们的孩子有阅读问题 他
specifics.Confirm exactly how their reading progress is being ,
们能做的最糟糕的事情就是什么都不做 后文又给家长提
measured. ,
了建议 发现孩子有阅读障碍迹象要和老师沟通 并提出和
Ask what reader group your child is in and what level , ,
▶ 老师沟通的建议 故选 A 正确解决孩子阅读困难的方
that reader group represents and how they compare to others in 。 (
, 法
their class and in their grade. )。
4.C 猜测词义题 这句话的前半句是Set up a specific time
Askwhattheteacherpredictsforyourchildsprogressby
。
▶ to speaktoyourchildsteacher 安排一个特定的时间和孩子
the end of the school year.
(
的老师交谈 可知后半句话的意思是不要在老师忙的时候
1.What can we learn from Paragraph
)
1?
找老师交谈 故选C
A.Reading an alphabetic code is hard.
, 。
B.Most children like to read abstract letters.
5.B 推理判断题 根据专家提的建议 家长应该问下老师
。 ,
C.Some children have difficulties in reading. 孩子在学校的阅读状况 故选B
。 。
D.Few children can understand the code after a year of 难句分析 原句:Teachers, witnessing the gap between
instruction. good andpoorreaderswidening,maywonderwhattheyorthese
2.According to the passage which of the following is TRUE children might be doing wrong.
, ?
A.Reading is not as easy for some children as it is for others. 分析:witnessing the gap between good and poor readers
B. All the children can understand spoken and written widening是现在分词短语作伴随状语,wonder后what引导宾
language. 语从句。
5 76 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
译文:老师们看到好的阅读者和差的阅读者之间的差距 C.Swimmers can expect its designs easily.
越来越大,可能会想或许是他们自己或这些孩子在哪里做 D.Its impossible to monitor the temperature of the water.
错了。 答案
Passage17 [语篇解读] 本文是一篇新闻报道 主题语境为人与社会
, ,
A company called Compass Pools has some good news for 主题语境内容为社会热点问题 主要讲述了一家名为
。
height and swimming enthusiasts. Recently the company Compass Pools的公司宣布了新设计 一个 度的游泳池将
, , 360
announcedtheirnoveldesign afirstofitskind ⁃degreepool 要安置在伦敦的摩天大楼上
— 360 。
which issettobeplacedona skyscraperinLondon.TheInfinity 1.B 推理判断题 根据第一段最后一句可知 游泳的人可
。 ,
London willbethefirstandonlybuildingintheworldtoinclude 以在游泳池里欣赏伦敦的景色 故选B项
, 。
this cutting⁃edge pool design.The pool will be laid on top of a 2.C 猜测词义题 第二段介绍了游泳池的入口 解释了怎
。 ,
⁃story skyscraper and will allow people to float over 样进出游泳池的问题 本句承接上一段 从而推断出 that
55 200 , , ,
meters above the London skyline with unobstructed 没有障碍 指的是 如何进出游泳池 故选C项
( “ ”。 。
的 views of the city.
)
技巧点拨 做判断代词指代的试题,要根据“代词一般指
The entrance to the pool is hidden.People began to raise
代上文提到的人、物或事件”的原则。 本题中的that指代上段
questions about how anyone would get inside the pool.Compass
(即第二段)的内容,对关键信息进行概括即可获得答案。
Pools explains Swimmers will access the pool through a
,“ 3.C 细节理解题 根据倒数第二段中but its definitely not
rotating spiral 螺旋形的 staircase based on the door of a 。
( ) one for the acrophobic 恐高的 可知 恐高的人不适合在这
submarine risingfromthepoolfloorwhensomeonewantstoget ( ) ,
, 种游泳池里游泳 故选C项
in or out. 。 。
” 4.A 推理判断题 根据最后一段中 While the exact date of
But that is not the only unique technology of the pool.The 。
the constructionisnotclearyet ifthingsgowell itmaybegin
designers found a way to make sure the wind doesnt blow the , ,
in 可知 人们什么时候可以在里面游泳还不确定 故
water down to the streets.They included a built⁃in anemometer 2022 , 。
选A项
风速计 to monitor the wind speed.It is linked to a computer⁃ 。
( ) Passage18
controlled buildingmanagementsystemwhichwillalsotakecare
There is an environmental silver lining as a result of the
of the temperature of the water. “ ”
coronavirus 冠状病毒 carbon emissions have been reduced
Alex Kemsley promises that this unique pool will surpass ( )—
by more than % manywildlifemarketsaroundtheworldhave
everyones expectations. Its quite a strange feeling to swim in 4 ,
“ been shuttered and air quality in some places has slightly
the SkyPool at The Shard and have helicopters flying past at
improved Dave Ford founder of the environmental
your level but this pool takes it a step further he says. Putting , ,
,” “ organization SoulBuffalo says.
your goggles 游泳镜 on and with a ⁃degree view of ,
( ) 360 But thanks to an increase in pandemic⁃related non⁃
London from m up it really will be something else but its ,
220 , — recyclable materials such as take⁃out plastic containers and
definitely not one for the acrophobic 恐高的
( )!” masks % more waste has entered our oceans he notes.
While the exact date of the construction is not clear yet if , 30 ,
, Therere billion facemasks being made every month you
things go well it may begin in .The location has yet to be “ 129 —
, 2022 could cover the entire country of Switzerland with facemasks at
confirmed too.
the end of this year if trends continue he says. And a lot of
1.What can we learn from the first paragraph ,” “
? these masks are ending up in the water. The masks look like
A.The Infinity London is the only building to swim in. ”
jellyfish in other words food to turtles and other wildlife
B.Swimmers can enjoy the views of London in the new pool.
— , —
creatures thus attractivetothoseanimalsandthenendangering
C.The pool is located on the first floor of a skyscraper.
, ,
them he says.
D.Compass Pools has built many ⁃degree pools in the
,
360
Very little of the plastic we use is actually recyclable. The
world.
2.What does the underlined word that in Paragraph 3 vast majority of plastic that has ever been produced % has
“ ” —79 —
refer to actually ended up in landfills or being burned but not
? ,
A.How to get a view of London. refashioned into new products. Even if the plastics we have can
B.How to monitor the wind speed. be reused Ford says recycling programs across the globe are
,
C.How to get into or out of the pool. facing drastic budget cuts.
D.How to keep the water in the pool. Were starting to see recycling programs shuttered waste
“ ,
3.Who might not be suitable to swim in the new pool picking communities operating poorly or actually shutting down.
?
A.People who enjoy flying. They are the last line of defense between plastic and the
B.People who lose weight. environment he says.
,”
C.People who fear heights. Last year Unilever planned to cut its use of non⁃recycled
,
D.People who have poor sight. plastics by half by . In an interview Richard Slater
2025 , ,
4.What can we know about the new pool Unilevers chief research and development officer said that
? ,
A.It is not certain when people can swim in it. plastic packaging is lighter which means less shipping and
,
B.The exact location of the construction is clear. therefore fewer dangerous emissions that cause climate change.
专题十二 猜测词义 5 77
Yes plastics are lightweight and can cut down on fuel even a safely designed one in the wrong hands at the wrong
, ,
spending. But on the otherhand plasticwaste isbeingfoundin time couldcauselivestobelost. Thatsthefuturethatagrowing
,
every facet of life even in the deepest ocean. number of AI safety experts are worried about.
—
1.What does environmental silver lining in Paragraph 1 This is not a new idea. In the book Engineering a Safer
“ ” “
refer to World MIT professor Nancy G. Leveson addresses common
? ,”
A.An environmental organization. misunderstandings about safety⁃critical systems engineering
:
B.The closure of some wildlife markets. engineering systems whose failure could lead to human loss.
C.The decrease of carbon dioxide emissions. Such safety⁃critical technologies include aviation nuclear
,
D.Benefits to the environment from the coronavirus. power automobiles heavy chemicals biotechnology and of
, , , , ,
2.Why are facemasks appealing to some sea creatures course AGI.
? ,
A.They resemble the sea creatures food. So what can be done
?
B.They contain certain unique chemicals. Technology isnt always the solution. A famous example is
C.Many sea creatures like to chase plastic by nature. the invention of sonic radars 声波雷达 that were supposed to
( )
D.There is a continuous shortage of food in the ocean. help ships detect nearby obstacles but which only increased the
,
3.What can we learn about plastic waste rate of accidents. Why Captains sailed faster thinking they
? ? ,
A.Most of it is recycled into new products. could get away with it thanks to the new safety technology.
B.The majority of it is buried or burned. Instead of technologies Levesons book suggests we
, ,
C. billion facemasks end up in the ocean. shouldbemakingorganizationalchanges. Additionally Leveson
129 ,
D.There are enough budgets for plastic recycling. suggests among many complicated guidelines organizations
, ,
4.Which of the following might be the best title for the text should beawarethatsafetyguidelineswillinevitablybecomelax
?
A.Plastic can cut down fuel spending over time. As a consequence measures should be carried out to
,
B.Recycling programs are shutting down prevent potential disasters.
C.The coronavirus has caused more ocean plastic What lessons can we draw from concern with AI safety
?
D.Solutions to ocean plastic pollution are being explored The answer may lie in recent disaster narratives 叙述 which
( ),
答案 remind usthat especiallyintimeslikethis weshouldntforget
, ,
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文 主题语境为人与自然 主 the potential for other disasters. Public awareness really does
, ,
题语境内容为环境保护 文章介绍了新冠病毒的出现使得 matter. And if were all better at thinking about safety as
。
塑料产品使用增多 导致海洋污染增加 citizens maybe we really can prevent disasters.
, 。 ,
1.D 猜测词义题 根据文章第一段的carbon emissions have 1.Why does the author mention The Terminator in the first
。 “ ”
been reducedbymorethan % manywildlifemarketsaround paragraph
4 , ?
the world have been shuttered and air quality in some places A.To arouse readers interest in the film.
has slightly improved可知 新冠病毒的出现给环境带来了 B.To introduce the topic of concern with AI safety.
,
一线希望 所以environmental silver lining指的是新冠病毒 C.To mention the similarity between The Terminator and
, “ ”
对环境的好处 故选D项 Tacoma .
。 。 “ ”
2.A 细节理解题 根据文章第二段的The masks look like D.Tomakereadersrecalltheevilsuperintelligencereflectedin
。
jellyfish in other words food to turtles and other wildlife the movie.
— , —
creatures thus attractive to those animals and then 2.Why did the rate of ship accidents still increase after the
, ,
endangering them可知 有些海洋生物被口罩吸引 是因为 invention of sonic radars
, , ?
它们很像海洋生物的食物 故选A项 A.Because captains seldom used them.
。 。
3.B 细节理解题 根据文章第三段的 The vast majority of B.Because the radars failed to work properly.
。
plastic thathaseverbeenproduced % hasactuallyended C.Because captains depended on them too much.
—79 —
up in landfills or being burned but not refashioned into new D.Because the ships couldnt detect nearby obstacles.
,
products可知 大部分塑料垃圾都被埋了或者烧掉了 故 3.What does the underlined word lax in paragraph 5
, 。 “ ”
选B项 refer to
。 ?
4.C 主旨要义题 根据文章最后一段的 But on the other A.Safe. B.Important.
。
hand plasticwasteisbeingfoundineveryfacetoflife even C.Unreliable. D.Unnecessary.
, —
in the deepest ocean及全文内容可知 文章介绍了新冠病毒 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text
, ?
的出现使得塑料产品使用增多 导致海洋污染增加 故选 A.Disaster prevention lessons from AI.
, 。
C项 B.Safety problems in modern society.
。
Passage19 C.Engineering development in modern days.
There was a time when the major concern with AI safety D.Future applications of artificial intelligence.
had been the one evil superintelligence reflected in the movie 答案
,
The Terminator . However the game Tacoma takes a [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文 主题语境为人与社会 主
“ ” , “ ” , ,
different approach. It assumes that there will be numerous AGI 题语境内容为科学与技术 文章主要讲述了人们对人工智
。
artificial general intelligence in the world and that any AGI 能安全的担忧 作者提出如果公民都能更好地考虑安全问
( ) , 。
5 78 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
题 也许我们真的可以预防灾难 A.To prevent natural disasters.
, 。
1.B 推理判断题 根据下文可推断 作者提及 终结者 是 B.To win more time to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
。 , 《 》
为了引入对人工智能安全的担忧的主题 故选B项 C.To imitate volcanic eruptions.
。 。
2.C 细节理解题 根据sonic radars可定位于第四段 根据 D.To encourage more people to buy fossil fuels.
。 。
Captains sailed faster thinking they could get away with it 2. What are researchers worried about in terms of global
,
thanks tothenewsafetytechnology可知 是因为他们过于依 warming
, ?
赖新技术使得事故发生更多 故选C项 A.More volcanoes will erupt.
。 。
3.C 猜测词义题 根据第五段的 As a consequence B.More solar energy will go into space.
。 ,
measuresshouldbecarriedouttopreventpotentialdisasters可 C.More disasters will endanger the future of the world.
逆推 随着时间的推移 安全指南也不再安全可靠 故选 D.People will keep burning fossil fuels to keep warm.
, , 。
C项 3.What can be inferred from Douglas words
。 ?
4.A 主旨要义题 根据最后一段的 What lessons can we A.He thinks more research remains to be done.
。
draw from concernwithAIsafety 及全文内容可知 本文主 B.He is optimistic about the effect of cooling the earth.
? ,
要讲述我们人类在对人工智能安全的担忧中获得的预防灾 C.He isconcernedaboutthereductioninagriculturalproduction.
害的教训 故选A项 D.He disapproves of the practice of solar climate intervention.
。 。
Passage20 4.What doestheunderlinedphrase asweetspot inthelast
“ ”
As the effects of climate change become more disastrous paragraph mean
, ?
well⁃known research institutions and government agencies are A.The rainfall pattern of a region.
focusing new money and attention on an idea artificially B.The modest drop in temperature.
:
cooling theplanet inthehopeofbuyinghumanitymoretimeto C.The number of extreme weather events.
,
cut greenhouse gas emissions. D.The injection amount of aerosols.
That strategy called solar climate intervention 干预 or 答案
, ( )
solar geoengineering involves reflecting more of the suns [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文 主题语境为人与自然 主
, , ,
energy back into space abruptly reducing global temperatures 题语境内容为环境保护 文章主要讲因为全球气候变化带
— 。
in a way that imitates the effects of ash clouds caused by 来各种灾难性的后果 政府和相关研究机构提出的一种应对
,
volcanic eruptions. The idea has been considered as a dangerous 办法
。
and fancied solution one that would encourage people to keep 1.B 细节理解题 根据第一段的 in the hope of buying
, 。
burning fossil fuels while exposing the planet to unexpected and humanity more time to cut greenhouse gas emissions可知 研
,
potentially threatening side effects. 究者和政府机构给地球降温是为了赢得更多的时间来减少
But as global warming continues producing more 温室气体的排放 故选B项
, 。 。
destructive hurricanes wildfires floods and other disasters 2.C 推理判断题 根据第三段的 some researchers and
, , , 。
some researchers and policy experts say that concerns about policy experts say that concerns about geoengineering should
geoengineering shouldbe outweighedbythe imperative tobetter be outweighed by the imperative to better understand it in
,
understand it in case the consequences of climate change case the consequences of climate change become so terrible
,
become so terrible that the world cant wait for better solutions. that the world cant wait for better solutions 可知 研究者担
,
One way to cool the earth is by injecting aerosols 气溶 心气候变化造成的各种灾难可能会危及世界的未来 故选
( 。
胶 into the upper layer of the atmosphere where those C项
) , 。
particles reflect sunlight away from the earth. That process 3.A 推理判断题 根据第五段的 What does it do to the
。 “
works accordingtoDouglasMacMartin aresearcheratCornell strength of hurricanes he asked. What does it do to
, , ?” “
University. agricultural production What does it do to the risk of forest
?
We know with % certainty that we can cool the fires 可知 Douglas 认为还有很多疑问没有解开 所以还
“ 100 ?” , ,
planet hesaidinaninterview. Whatsstillunclear headded 有很多研究有待去做 故选A项
,” , , 。 。
is what happens next. Temperature MacMartin said is an 4.B 猜测词义题 根据 One goal of the research is to look
, , 。
indicator for a lot of climate effects. What does it do to the for a sweet spot the amount of artificial cooling that can
“ :
strength of hurricanes he asked. What does it do to reduce extreme weather events without causing broader
?” “
agricultural production What does it do to the risk of forest changes in regional rainfall patterns or similar impacts.可知
? ,
fires 这里指的是 人工降温要适度 既可以减少极端天气 又不
?” , , ,
Another institution will analyze hundreds of simulations of 会给气候造成太大的影响 因此 a sweet spot 指的是适度
, “ ”
aerosol injection testingtheeffectsonweatherextremesaround 的降温 故选B项
, 。 。
the world. One goal of the research is to look for a sweet spot Passage21
:
the amount of artificial cooling that can reduce extreme weather In alargesurveyofpeoplesfirstmemories nearly % of
, 40
events without causing broader changes in regional rainfall participants reportedafirstmemorythatislikelytobefictional
,
patterns or similar impacts. according to findings published in Psychological Science a
,
1.Whydoresearchersandgovernmentagenciesworkoncooling journal of the Association for Psychological Science.
the earth Current research indicates that peoples earliest memories
?
专题十二 猜测词义 5 79
date fromaround to . yearsofage. However thestudyfrom C.Middle⁃aged and older adults specialize in detailing their
3 35 ,
researchers at City University of London the University of first memory.
, ,
Bradford andNottinghamTrentUniversityfoundthat . % of D.Memories developduetoourmaturingunderstandingofthe
, 386
participants claimed to have memories from age or world.
6,641 2
younger with people claiming memories from age or 答案
, 893 1
younger. Thiswasparticularlyprevalentamongmiddle⁃agedand [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文 主题语境为人与社会 主
, ,
older adults. 题语境内容为科学与技术 一项大型调查表明 近 %的受
。 , 40
As many of these memories dated before the age of and 调查者反映的最初记忆可能是虚构的
2 。
younger the authors suggest that these fictional memories are 1.C 猜测词义题 根据上文可知 名参与者中有 .
, 。 ,6641 38
based on remembered fragments 碎片 of early experience %的人声称拥有 岁或更小时以来的记忆 人声称拥
( ) — 6 2 ,893
such as a pram 婴儿车 family relationships and feeling sad 有 岁或更小时以来的记忆 结合选项可推断出此处表示
( ), — 1 ,
and some facts or knowledge about their own infancy or 这一现象在中年的和更年长的成年人中尤为普遍 故
“ ”。
childhood which may have been derived from photographs or 选C项
。
family conversations. 2.D 推理判断题 根据第三段中thesefictionalmemoriesare
。
Further details may be unconsciously inferred or added based on remembered fragments 碎片 of early experience
“ ,” ( ) —
added Shazia Akhatr first author on the study and Senior such as a pram 婴儿车 family relationships and feeling
, ( ),
Research Associate at the University of Bradford. sad and some facts or knowledge about their own infancy or
—
When we looked through the responses from participants childhood which may have been derived from photographs or
“
we found that a lot of these first memories were frequently family conversations可知 家庭成员之间的对话会影响最早
‘ ’ ,
related to infancy and a typical example would be a memory 的记忆 故选D项
, 。 。
based around a pram explained Martin Conway Director at 3.B 推理判断题 根据倒数第二段可知 Martin Conway通
,” , 。 ,
the Centre for Memory and Law at City University of London 过举例来说明自己的观点 故选B项
, 。 。
and coauthor of the paper. 4.A 主旨要义题 通读全文 尤其是第一段的 In a large
。 ,
For this person this type of memory could have resulted survey of peoples first memories nearly % of participants
“ , , 40
from someone saying something like Mother and a large green reported afirstmemorythatislikelytobefictional可知 本文
‘ ,
pram . The person then imagines what it would have looked 主要讲研究表明许多人的最初记忆或许是虚构的 故选
’ 。
like. Over time these fragments then become a memory and A项
。
oftenthepersonwillstarttoaddthingsinsuchasastringoftoys Passage22 词数481
along the top he added. Because the commercial Internet has been developed with
,”
Crucially the person remembering them doesnt know so little regard for privacy tech companies have been able to
“ , ,
this is fictional Conway noted.In fact when people are told turn personal data into considerable profits raising billions of
,” ,
that their memories are false they often dont believe it. This is dollars off their ability to collect and sell information about
partly due to the fact that the systems that allow us to remember anyone who has wandered within shouting distance of their
things are very complex and its not until were or that we software. This week Google announced a step in the right
, 5 6 ,
form adult⁃like memories due to the way that the brain develops direction but not a huge step nor one that will stop Google
— ,
and due to our maturing understanding of the world. from continuing to collect immense amounts of personal data.
1.What does the underlined word prevalent in Paragraph At issue is how online companies track Internet users as
“ ”
2 probably mean they browse 浏览 from site to site online typically through
? ( ) ,
A.Unique. B.Crazy. C.Common. D.Doubtful. cookies information that a website leaves in your computer so
(
2.What can be concluded from the study mentioned in the that the website will recognize you when you use it again . The
)
passage most harmful version third⁃party cookies is the web
? , “ ” ,
A.Some people have clear knowledge about their own infancy. alternative of a company posting security guards across the
B.Added details are an important clue to recall the childhood. Internet to monitor what you do even when youre on other
,
C.Most people claimed to have memories from age or companies sites.
2
younger. Google declared in a blog post Wednesday that it would no
D. Talks between family members influence the earliest longer use or support third⁃party cookies nor would it create or
,
memories. use any other technology that tracks individual users across the
3.How did Martin Conway present his opinion web. Given that Google is a main supplier of online advertising
?
A.By making a comparison. technology its change will impact far and wide.
,
B.By giving examples. Thats welcome news although with huge amounts of
,
C.By analyzing data. warning. As Lee Tien of the Electronic Frontier Foundation
D.By referring to documents. noted third⁃party cookies were already on the retreat with
, ,
4.Whats the main idea of the text Apple and other makers of popular Web browsers moving to
?
A.Many peoples earliest memories may be fictional. block them. Meanwhile Google Facebook and other Big Tech
, ,
B.Peoples earliest memories can date back to or younger. companies continue to collect personal information in large
2
5 80 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
quantities from people who use their sites and services through third⁃party cookies nor would it create or use any other
,
first⁃party cookies and similar techniques. technologythattracksindividualusersacrosstheweb.可知 谷
,
The concerns about personal data collection are the same 歌的声明是在表明停止使用第三方cookie的决心
。
whether its being collected through first⁃party or third⁃party 3.A 细节理解题 根据第四段最后一句Meanwhile Google
。 , ,
techniques said Michelle Richardson of the Center for Facebook and other Big Tech companies continue to collect
,
Democracy and Technology. Companies may use the personal information in large quantities from people who use
“
information to discriminate among Internet users offering their sites and services through first⁃party cookies and similar
,
different goods services and even prices to different users. techniques.可知 第一方cookie仍然在收集个人信息
, ” , 。
Instead of helping advertisers track individuals Google 4.B 推理判断题 根据最后一段第一句 Ultimately
, 。 ,
says it is improving a technology that assigns users namelessly lawmakers are going to have to lay down regulations giving
,
to large groups with common interests. Thats an improvement people far more control over whether and how personal
,
even though it may be at risk of abuse. But why do any form of information is used online.可知 谷歌的新举措要想变得更
,
tracking at all Privacy advocates say pitches can be targeted 有效 需要更大的力度 这个力度需要通过制定法规来
? , ,
effectively by basing them on where the user is at the moment 实现
, 。
not where he or she has browsed previously online. Passage23 词数425
Ultimately lawmakers are going to have to lay down The Land Under the Sea
,
regulationsgivingpeoplefarmorecontroloverwhetherandhow Tenthousandyearsago asthelasticeageended sealevel
, ,
personal information is used online. Ideally the federal 联邦政 around the world was far lower than it is today. Much of the
(
府的 government will set a strong floor under online privacy land under both the North Sea to the east of Britain and the
)
protections but until then it will be up to state lawmakers or English Channel which now separates France and Britain was
,
voters to act as this state has done with its groundbreaking part of a huge region of forests and grassy plains. Then the
,
online privacy laws. Its good to see Google move the ball climate gradually became warmer and the water trapped in large
forward but theres much farther to go. masses of ice was released.
,
1.What doestheunderlinedphrase ontheretreat inPara. Now the development of advanced sonar 声 呐
“ ” ( )
most probably mean technology knownasbathymetry ismakingitpossibletostudy
4 ? , ,
A.Exposed. B.Removed. this flooded landscape in extraordinary detail. A special echo
C.Emerging. D.Fading. 回声 sounder is fixed to the bottom of a survey ship and it
( )
2.It can be learned from the declaration that Google . makes wide sweeps across the seabed. While previous
A.is developing new technologies to stop data collection technology has only been able to produce two⁃dimensional
B.refuses to work with companies tracking privacy images bathymetry can now use computers satellite⁃
, ,
C.intends to abandon its advertising technologies positioning equipment and special software to create accurate
D.resolves to stop the use of third⁃party cookies and remarkably detailed maps. For the first time an ancient
,
3.From the passage we can know that first⁃party cookies riverbed jumps out of the three⁃dimensional image. The site of
. prehistoric settlements can now be pinpointed.
A.are still collecting personal information According to expert Linda Andrews this technological
,
B.are blocked by big companies like Apple development is of huge significance. We now have the ability to
“
C.are mainly used by advertising companies map the seabed as accurately as we can map dry land she says.
,”
D.are less concerning than third⁃party cookies Once bathymetric techniques have identified sites where
4.What is the writers attitude towards Googles new move people might have built their homes and villages divers can be
? ,
A.It is less satisfactory than expected. sent down to investigate further. Robot submarines 潜艇 can
( )
B.It needs to be more forceful to be effective. also beused andresearchershopetheywillfindstonetoolsand
,
C.It will accelerate the disappearance of cookies. wood from houses as proof of human activity. The idea shared
D.It has driven lawmakers to make new regulations. by many people in Britain of their country as a natural island
答案 kingdom will be challenged by the findings Britain has been
:
[语篇解读] 本文的主题语境是人与社会 主题语境内容是 inhabited for about years and much of this time it has
, 500,000
信息安全 文章指出科技公司利用用户的个人信息获利 不 been linked on and off to continental Europe. It remains to be
。 ,
尊重用户的个人隐私 作者认为谷歌不再使用第三方cookie seen how far this new awareness is taken on board however.
。 ,
互联网使用者发给中央服务器信息的计算机文件 的声明 In fact the use of bathymetry will not be limited to the
( ) ,
虽然是一种进步 但是距离隐私安全还有很长的路要走 study of lost landscapes and ancient settlements. It will also be
, 。
1.D 猜测词义题 根据画线词后的 with Apple and other vital in finding ships that have been destroyed in accidents. In
。
makers ofpopularWebbrowsersmovingtoblockthem可知 addition commercial applications are a real possibility.
, ,
第三方cookie已经在撤退了 ontheretreat fading 逐渐消 Aggregates 骨料 for the construction industry are becoming
( ), ( ( )
失 衰退 与其匹配 increasingly expensive and bathymetry can be used to identify
、 ) 。 ,
2.D 细节理解题 根据第三段第一句 Google declared in a suitable sites for digging for this material. Mapping the seabed
。
blog post Wednesday that it would no longer use or support will also identify places where rare plants and shellfish are
专题十二 猜测词义 5 81
living. Diggingatsuchsitesshouldbeprevented eithertowork These actions are part of the reason global biodiversity is
,
for a profit or to make deeper waterways for massive container crashing. There are over three billion fewer wild birds in North
ships. America than there were in . Recent research shows that
1970
1.How does bathymetry work insect numbers even in nature reserves have fallen and
? , , , 40
A.It has an echo sounder placed on the seabed. percent ofallinsectspeciesmaybeextinctwithinafewdecades.
B.It makes use of a number of different devices. This is discouraging news however there are actions we can
; ,
C.It produces two⁃dimensional images of the sea floor. take to help bring at least some species back.
D.It basesitscalculationsonthelocationofconstructionsites. The first step is to redefine our concept of garden to
“ ”
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword pinpointed inParagraph include more thanjustplants. Weneedtointentionallyshareour
“ ”
probably mean space and not just with the birds bees and butterflies that visit
2 ? , ,
A.Occupied. B.Adjusted. our flowers but also with the little insects that may eat a part
,
C.Rebuilt. D.Discovered. very rarely all of our plants. Therefore we must limit
( ) ,
3.The author believes a better understanding of the settlements pesticide use. Its crucial to support natures recovery and its
,
on the seabed may . muchbetterforeveryone nodoctorhaseverrecommendedlong⁃
:
A.attract investment in the research under the sea term exposure to pesticides.
B.inspire people to take an interest in modern technology Many drought⁃tolerant plants brought in from across the
C.adapt the attitudes of the British to their countrys history planet are being passed off as eco⁃friendly. However mostly
,
D.receiveconfirmationofrebuildingancientman⁃madeobjects theyre not. Yes youre saving water but these foreign plants
, ,
4.We can learn that the use of bathymetry will help to . can become disasters when they escape our yards. Helping the
A.identify new species of plants and animals environment can be about more than saving water. Even in drier
B.provide the precise location of sunken ships areas like the American West the selection of attractive native
, ,
C.evaluate the cost of seeking certain resources plants to choose from is vast. If dry is your style there are
,
D.promote the development of deeper waterways native wildflowers floweringbushesandtreesthatallowyouto
,
答案 save water and nature.
[语篇解读] 本文的主题语境为人与自然 主题语境内容为 Xeriscapes 节水型园艺 leave many gardeners thirsting
, ( )
自然科学研究成果 文章主要介绍了海洋测深技术以及它 for green and theres an important alternative that has been
。 ,
在确定古代居民点和发现沉没船只方面的作用 largely ignored. For those disenchanted with dry landscaping
。 ,
1.B 细节理解题 根据第二段第三句 While previous using underappreciated and water⁃loving native plants to make
。
technology has only been able to produce two⁃dimensional your garden a real⁃life oasis 绿洲 could be lifesaving to
( )
images bathymetry can now use computers satellite⁃ wildlife. In nature this unsung group of native plants is limited
, , ,
positioning equipment and special software to create accurate to riparian zones the narrow belts of green along water bodies
, ,
and remarkably detailed maps.可知 它使用许多不同的 but if consumers demand them nurseries will increasingly carry
, ,
设备 these riparian species and the presence of such plants in the
。 ,
2.D 猜测词义题 根据第二段画线词所在句前的 For the garden will provide for many animals including not just
。
first time an ancient riverbed jumps out of the three⁃ butterflies and their relatives but also colorful birds.
,
dimensional image. 一个古代的河床第一次通过三维图像 The ideal garden would offer a combination of drought⁃
(
呈现出来 可知 史前居民点的位置可以被找到 tolerant native plants and a few species that need a little more
。) ,
discovered
water providingoptionsforlittleguestsandthebiggeronesthat
( )。
,
3.C 细节理解题 根据第四段第三句中的 The idea shared
will come to eat them. As more creatures stop by to share our
。
by many people in Britain of their country as a natural island
yards we will be making nature and us all a little healthier.
, , ,
kingdom will be challenged by the findings可知 因为这些
1.What do we know about insect species
,(
?
发现 英国人对自己国家历史所持有的态度可能会发生
A.They have an impact on the diversity of plants.
)
改变
B.They disappear because of lack of nature reserves.
。
4.B 细节理解题 根据最后一段第一 二句In fact the use
C.They decrease partly due to our pursuit of perfection.
。 、 ,
of bathymetry will not be limited to the study of lost
D.They are the reason why we replace fields and forests.
landscapes and ancient settlements. It will also be vital in
2.The underlined phrase disenchanted with in Paragraph
findingshipsthathave beendestroyedinaccidents.可知 海洋 “ ”
is closest in meaning to .
,
测深技术的使用能够提供沉没船只的准确位置 5
A.sick of B.addicted to
。
Passage24 词数469 C.concerned about D.impatient with
Plants and the insects which rely on them are the living
, , 3.The passage mainly talks about .
foundations of our planet. But these foundations are under stress
A.why we need grow native plants in gardens
because we have a tendency to replace fields and forests with
B.how gardening helps with biodiversity
decorative trees and shrubs imported from around the world.
C.whether we should redefine garden
Adding to the problem our obsession 痴迷 with perfection “ ”
, ( ) D.what benefits gardening brings
leads us to use a lot of pesticides 杀虫剂 .
( )
5 82 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
4.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the As the physicist Richard Feynman wrote There was a
, “
passage time when the newspapers said that only men understood the
? 12
A. B. theory of relativity. I do believe there might have been a time
when only one man did because he was the only guy who
,
caught on before he wrote his paper. But after people read the
,
paper a lot understood the theory of relativity in some way or
other certainly more than .
, 12”
No the problem is its style. It starts with a leisurely
,
philosophical discussion of space and time and then continues
C. D.
with an exposition of known mathematics. Those two sections
,
which would be considered extraneous today take up half the
,
paper. Worse there are zero citations of previous scientists
,
work nor are there any graphics. Those features might make a
,
paper not even get past the first editors.
A similar process of professionalization has transformed
CP Central Point P Point Sp Sub⁃point C Conclusion other partsofthescientificlandscape. Requestsforresearchtime
: : : :
答案 at major observatories or national laboratories are more rigidly
[语篇解读] 本文的主题语境是人与自然 主题语境内容是 structured. And anything involving work with human subjects
, ,
自然环境保护 很多人对园艺的理解就是用从世界各地进 or putting instruments in space involves piles of paperwork.
。 ,
口的装饰性树木和灌木取代本地的农田和森林 这一行为使 We see italsointheRegeneronScience TalentSearch the
, ,
得昆虫的种类急剧减少 这也是全球生物多样性崩溃的原因 Nobel Prize of high school science competitions. In the early
,
之一 decades ofits ⁃yearhistory thewinningprojectswereusually
。 78 ,
1.C 细节理解题 根据第一段最后一句 Adding to the the sort ofcleverbutnaive amateurisheffortsone mightexpect
。 ,
problem our obsession 痴迷 with perfection leads us to of talented beginners working on their own. Today polished
, ( ) ,
use a lot of pesticides 杀虫剂 . 更严重的是 我们对完美 work coming out of internships 实 习 at established
( ) ( , ( )
的痴迷导致我们使用了大量的杀虫剂 以及第二段第一 laboratories is the norm.
。)
句These actions are part of the reason global biodiversity is These professionalizing tendencies are a natural
crashing. 这些行动是全球生物多样性崩溃的部分原因 consequence of the explosive growth of modern science.
( 。)
可知 昆虫种类减少的一部分原因是人们追求完美 Standardization and the system make it easier to manage the
, 。
2.A 猜测词义题 第四段和第五段分别介绍了两个方法 rapid flow of papers applications and people. But there are
。 , ,
第四段针对节水型园艺推荐使用本地耐旱植物 而第五段 serious downsides. A lot of unproductive effort goes into
,
第一句提出节水型园艺让很多园丁渴望绿色 即他们不喜 jumping through redtape 繁文缛节 andoutsidersfaceentry
, ( ),
欢用干旱植物来美化环境 对于这样的人 those barriers at every turn.
, (
disenchanted with dry landscaping 本段提供了另外一个方 Of course Einstein would have found his way of meeting
), ,
法 使用未被充分欣赏和喜爱水的本地植物 modern standards and publishing his results. Its scientific core
——— 。
3.B 主旨要义题 根据最后一段内容可知 理想的花园可以 wouldnt have changed but the paper might not be the same
。 , ,
为大大小小的昆虫提供觅食选择 随着更多的生物来到我们 taste to read.
,
的院子里 我们将使大自然和我们所有人变得更加健康 文 1. According to Richard Feynman Einsteins paper
, 。 , 1915
章主要谈论的是园艺如何帮助大自然保持其生物多样性 .
。
4.D 篇章结构题 CP 文章第一 二段指出植物以及依赖它 A.was a classic in theoretical physics
。 : 、
们的昆虫是我们星球的生命基础 但现在的状况并不乐观 B.turned out to be comprehensible
, ,
指出了造成这种情况的原因 并引出下文的解决措施 P C.needed further improvement
, ; 1:
第三段提出了减少农药的使用 P 第四段提出选用本地耐 D.attracted few professionals
; 2:
旱植物 P 第五段提出使用喜爱水的本地植物 P P P 2. What does the underlined word extraneous in
; 3: ( 1、 2、 3 “ ”
是三个方法 并列关系 C 最后一段进行总结 Paragraph mean
, ); : 。 4 ?
Passage25 词数423 A.Unrealistic. B.Irrelevant.
Albert Einsteins masterpiece The Foundation of the C.Unattractive. D.Imprecise.
1915 “
General Theory of Relativity is the first and still the best 3.According to the author what is affected as modern science
” ,
introduction to the subject and I recommend it as such to develops
, ?
students. But it probably wouldnt be publishable in a scientific A.The application of research findings.
journal today. B.The principle of scientific research.
Why not After all it would pass with flying colours the C.The selection of young talents.
? ,
tests of correctness and significance. And while popular belief D.The evaluation of laboratories.
holds that the paper was incomprehensible to its first readers in 4.Which would be the best title for this passage
, ?
fact many papers in theoretical physics are much more difficult. A.What makes Einstein great
?
专题十二 猜测词义 5 83
B.Will science be professionalized concerns were associated with depressive symptoms 症状 .
? ( )
C.Could Einstein get published today Ecological coping which includes pro⁃environmental behaviors
? ,
D.How will modern science make advances such as reducing energy consumption appeared to be protective
? ,
答案 against depression indicatingthatclimateconcernsandthepoor
,
[语篇解读] 本文的主题语境是人与社会 主题语境内容是 coping skills used to address them could be causing depressive
,
科学精神 文章介绍了爱因斯坦的 广义相对论的基础 读 symptoms.
。 《 》
起来不一样的地方以及它若是在现在可能不会被发表的 So whomightbemoreatriskofmentalillnesssecondaryto
原因 the uncertaintiesaroundclimatechange Unsurprisingly climate
。 ? ,
1.B 细节理解题 根据第三段中 Richard Feynman 所写的 anxiety appears higher in individuals with more concern about
。
内容There was a time when the newspapers said that only environmental issues at baseline and those already experiencing
12
men understood the theory of relativity. I do believe there direct effects of climate change. Climatologists also face
might have been a time when only one man did because he increased risk given their in⁃depth knowledge on the issue
,
was the only guy who caught on before he wrote his paper. coupled with the upsetting task of trying to convey it to
,
But after people read the paper a lot understood the theory of individuals and governments that often deny or downplay it.
relativity in some wayorother certainlymorethan . People with high levels of neuroticism a personality trait that
, 12(…… ,
对相对论有了一定理解的人肯定不止 个 可知 爱因斯 increases susceptibility to mental illness are also likely to be at
12 ) , ,
坦 年的论文是可以理解的 high risk.
1915 。
2.B 猜测词义题 根据第四段画线词所在句的前面的 It Some individuals report adaptive responses to climate
。
starts with a leisurely philosophical discussion of space and anxiety like adopting pro⁃environmental behaviors and
time and then continues with an exposition of known participating in collective action while others are unable to
,
mathematics. 它以慢悠悠的对空间和时间的哲学讨论开 respond behaviorally at all. Its not yet clear how these varying
(
启 然后继续用已知的数学进行阐述 以及后面的Worse reactions manifest 呈现 onapopulationlevelandhowtheyre
, 。) , ( )
there are zero citations of previous scientists work nor are influencing humanitys response to climate change. However a
, ,
there any graphics. Those features might make a paper not recent survey of nearly people found that while climate
200 ,
even get past the first editors. 更糟糕的是 以前科学家的工 anxiety was associated with an emotional response to climate
( ,
作没有被引用 也没有任何图表 这些特性可能会使一篇 change it was not correlated with a behavioral response.
, 。 ,
论文甚至无法通过第一任编辑 可知 爱因斯坦的论文在 If this is true for humanity as a whole we must urgently
。) , ,
如今看来是很糟糕的 由此可推知 画线词所在句指他在 help motivate the anxious among us. Doing so successfully will
。 ,
论文中用了一半篇幅对哲学和数学两部分的阐述在今天被 require many approaches such as delivering cognitive
,
认为是无关紧要的 irrelevant behavioral therapy 认知行为疗法 to the most severely
( )。 ( )
3.C 推理判断题 根据倒数第二段最后一句 A lot of affected and demonstrating to entire populations that change is
。
unproductive effort goes into jumping through red tape 繁文 possible by better publicizing productive efforts by organizations
(
缛节 and outsiders face entry barriers at every turn. 许多 to reduce their carbon footprints. We cant let climate anxiety
), (
徒劳无益的努力都花在了繁文缛节上 也让新人面临着各 stop us from responding to climate change because now more
, , ,
处的准入障碍 可知 作者认为现代科学的发展影响了年 than ever we need action not inaction.
。) , , ,
轻人才的选拔 1.What can be learned from the first two paragraphs
。 ?
4.C 主旨要义题 第一段最后一句提出 But it probably A.Mental illness may increase the risk of climate anxiety.
。 :
wouldnt be publishable in a scientific journal today. 但它可 B.Reducing energy consumption can help treat depression.
(
能不会在今天的科学期刊上发表 全文都在围绕着这 C.Failure to handle climate anxiety may cause depressive
。)。
个问题进行论述 symptoms.
。
Passage26 词数448 D.The influence of climate anxiety on mental illness can be
Recentlytheterm climateanxiety hasbeenusedtobetter measured.
“ ”
describe our growing concerns about climate change. While 2.The underlined phrase secondary to in Paragraph
“ ” 3
there is evidence that climate anxiety can be identified and probably means .
“ ”
reliably measured whats less clear is how it relates to mental A.as a result of B.less important than
,
illness. Mental health providers across the world are noting the C.as serious as D.regardless of
presence of climate anxiety in their patients however the 3.Which of the following might be effective in helping the
; ,
degree to which it is influencing mental illness is not yet clear anxious overcome climate anxiety
, ?
though evidence addressing this question is slowly growing. A.Publicizing the latest research on climate anxiety.
For years now mental health clinicians have seen climate B.Funding studies into cognitive behavioral therapies.
,
anxiety influencingpresentationsofmentalillnessina varietyof C.Delivering speeches to anxious people on a regular basis.
ways. Recentstudiesarestartingtolookatlinksbetweenclimate D.Informingthepublicofpracticalwaystoliveagreenerlife.
anxiety and mental illness in larger samples to help better 4.What is the purpose of this passage
?
understand the directionality of their relationship. In a U.S. A.To reveal consequences of climate anxiety.
survey of more than people published in climate B.To show new findings about climate anxiety.
340 2018,
5 84 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
C.To compare climate anxiety and mental illness. climate change是原因 mental illness是导致的结果 所以应
, ,
D.To demand care for those experiencing climate anxiety. 选A项
。
答案 3.D 细节理解题 根据最后一段前两句 If this is true for
。
[语篇解读] 本文的主题语境是人与社会 主题语境内容是 humanity as a whole we must urgently help motivate the
, ,
社会热点问题 文章呼吁大家给予那些经历气候焦虑的人 anxious among us. Doing so successfully will require many
。
关心 approaches such as delivering cognitive behavioral therapy
。 ,
1.C 细节理解题 根据第二段最后两句In a U.S. survey of 认 知 行 为 疗 法 to the most severely affected and
。 ( )
more than people published in climate concerns demonstrating to entire populations that change is possible by
340 2018,
were associatedwithdepressivesymptoms 症状 . Ecological better publicizingproductive effortsbyorganizationstoreduce
( )
coping which includes pro⁃environmental behaviors such as their carbon footprints.可知 有效帮助克服气候焦虑的方法
, ,
reducing energy consumption appeared to be protective 是让公众知道如何过上更环保的生活
, 。
against depression indicating that climate concerns and the 4.D 主旨要义题 根据最后一段第一句 If this is true for
, 。
poor coping skills used to address them could be causing humanity as a whole we must urgently help motivate the
,
depressive symptoms.可知 处理这些问题的不当方法可能 anxious among us. 如果这对整个人类来说是真的 我们必
, ( ,
导致抑郁 须紧急帮助激励我们中间焦虑的人 可知 文章旨在呼吁
。 。) ,
2.A 猜测词义题 画线部分的后文是在介绍由于气候的变 大家给予那些正在经历气候焦虑的人更多关爱
。 。
化 哪些人会更容易患上气候焦虑 the uncertainties around
, 。
学生用书P241
Passage1(20215·3原创题) Xiaofeng director of the schools office says the principal
, ,
It was a chancemeetingthatrevealedtherealityofone life donated all herwagesandbonusestobolsterruraleducationand
as it changed another. About years ago while on the way to poor people.
20 ,
visit a students house Zhang Guimei then a rural teacher In early December she was named a national
, , , , 2020,
noticed a ⁃year⁃old girl sitting on the hillside staring blankly outstanding member of the Communist Party of China for her
13 ,
into space. She told Zhang she was about to get married. It was dedication to education in rural China. She was also given the
arranged by her parents. But I want to go to school the girl honor of the countrys role model for teachers advanced
“ ,” “ ”, “
said. Zhang went to her house and tried to persuade her parents worker and outstanding woman . Her moving stories inspire
” “ ”
to let thegirlreturntoschoolandpromisedtopayforhertuition thousands of people.
herself. However they didnt agree. 1.What motivated Zhang Guimei to build a free high school for
,
That fatefulencounterpersuadedZhangtobuilda freehigh girls
?
school for girls aiming to help break the cycle that saw women A.Her own bitter experiences.
,
drop out of education marry early and spend their whole life in B.The villagers suggestion.
,
the remote mountain. C.The governments demand.
After years trying to raise funds in Huaping High D.A little girls sad story.
, 2008,
2.What kind of person is Zhang Guimei in the passage
School for Girls a free public high school was founded at the
?
, , A.Demanding and selfish.
foot of the Shizi Mountain in Huaping where Zhang is the
, B.Caring and devoted.
principal.
C.Responsible but harsh.
Over the decades Zhang walked thousands of kilometers
, , D.Determined but impatient.
visiting students families in the deep mountain talking to
, 3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword bolster probablymeanin
villagers persuading girls to go back to school. It has been “ ”
, Paragraph6
worth it. More than graduates have been admitted to ?
1,800 A.improve B.encourage
college which is regarded as a miracle in the remote area as
, “ ” , C.persuade D.solve
most students didnt perform well in academic study before the
答案
school was established.
1.D
Though lacking full health Zhang now insists on a
, , 63, 2.B
daily routine get up at around am to turn on the lights of the
3.A
— 5
teaching building call students to get up with a loudspeaker Pas sage2(20215·3原创题)
, ,
accompany students to classes and sleep after senior students Americans often try to say things as quickly as possible.
study ends at midnight. She swallows dozens of pills a day. She So for some expressions we use the first letters of the words
, ,
has collapsed several times from exhaustion on the campus. instead of saying each word. Many common expressions or long
Zhangs husband died in the s. She doesnt have names are abbreviated this way.
1990
childrenorahouse soshelivesatthestudentdormitory. Zhang BYOBisashortwayofsaying BringYourOwnBottle.
, ,“ ”
专题十二 猜测词义 5 85
The letters BYOB are often found at the bottom of a written Bureau of Investigation. The FBI investigates criminal activities
invitation to a simple social event or a gathering of friends. For in theUnitedStates. ThenthereistheIRS theInternalRevenue
,
example lets say I had a New Years Eve party. I might Service. It is not a very popular agency because it collects
,
include on the invitation Please come to my party and federal taxes.
, “
BYOB. The bottleeachpersonbringsiswhatthepersonwants 1.Which of the following expressions might be used for your
”
to drink at the party. parents th anniversary according to the passage
20 ?
However an invitation to a special event such as a A.BYOB. B.RSVP.
, —
wedding would neversayBYOB.Aninvitationtoanofficialor C.ASAP. D.COB.
—
very special event often has other letters written at the bottom. 2. What does the underlined word abbreviated in
“ ”
The letters are RSVP. These letters represent the French Paragraph 1 probably mean
?
expression Repondez Sil Vous Plait. In English the words A.adopted B.shortened C.transformed D.quitted
, “ ”
mean Respond If It Pleases You. Americans use the letters 3.Why is the IRS not popular in America
, “ ” ?
as a short way to say Please answer this invitation. A.Because it investigates criminal activities.
, “ ”
Anotherexpressionusuallyusedforbusinessbutnotparties B.Because it is not so famous as MIT.
is ASAP. So a colleague might say he needs something done C.Because it is a newly⁃founded agency.
,
ASAP. It means as soon as possible. He might also need D.Because it gathers taxes for the government.
something done by COB.That means he wants to finish it by 4.How is the whole passage mainly organized
?
Close Of Business or the end of the work day. A.By reasoning. B.By comparison.
“ ”
Beginning letters are often used to represent the names of C.By giving examples. D.By giving statistics.
universities as well. A famous one is MIT. That is short for the 答案
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Another major university 1.B
is UCLA.Almost no one ever says its real name the University 2.B
,
of California at Los Angeles. That takes too long 3.D
!
Many American government agencies are also known by 4.C
their beginning letters. For example the FBI is the Federal
,