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第一部分
英语基础 专题五 动词的非谓语形式
知识

真题多维细目表
语法填空
卷名 短文改错
作主语 表语 定语 作宾语 作补语 作状语
、 、
of visiting visit
educated ①( ) ( )
全国乙 aim tohave
2021 educate ②( )
( ) have
( )
frying fried 定
① → ( )
课标全国 tofind find howto preparing
2020 Ⅰ ( ) ②( ) →
howto prepare 宾
( ) ( )
课标全国 by noting note toperform perform say saying 状
2019 Ⅰ ( ) ( ) ( ) → ( )
tosee see
① ( ) by sell
课标全国 dying die to strengthen ( ) →
2018 Ⅰ ( ) ②( ) by selling 宾
strength ( ) ( )
( )
课标全国 eating eat toprocess process
2017 Ⅰ ( ) ( )
小计 表
1( ) 5 1 4 4
课标全国 coming come decorated decorate tocare care
2020 Ⅱ ( ) ( ) ( )
plans toretire
①( )
课标全国 retire 定 for being be
2019 Ⅱ ( )( ) ( ) ( )
saying say 定
② ( )( )
toimprove
① askedto watching
课标全国 improve ( ) →
2018 Ⅱ ( ) askedto watch 宾
feeding feed ( ) ( )
② ( )
invite... pick
课标全国 laying lay ( ) →
2017 Ⅱ ( ) invite... topick 补
( ) ( )
小计 定
2( ) 3 1 3 2
dislike talk
全国甲 towalk walk 主 spending spend ( ) →
2021 ( ) ( ) ( ) dislike talking 宾
( ) ( )
课标全国 surrounding surround tofind find are forced后加to 补
2020 Ⅲ ( ) ( ) ( )
to opens to open 表
①( ) →( ) ( )
have tohave 补
课标全国 toget get 主 listening listen ② → ( )
2019 Ⅲ ( )( ) ( ) succeedin manage
③( ) →
succeedin managing 宾
( ) ( )
wait waiting 状
① → ( )
eagertake
challenged ②( )→
课标全国 looking look tostay stay eager to take 状
2018 Ⅲ challenge 表 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )( )
( )( ) 删除afraidthattospeak
③
中的that 状
( )
resting rest
课标全国 ① ( )
2017 Ⅲ toprove prove
② ( )
小计 主 表
2( )+1( ) 4 2 2 8
合计
6 12 4 9 14

命题规律与备考策略
命题规律 .五年高考语法填空中动词的非谓语形式的考频 由高到 备考策略 . 熟悉动词的非谓语形式命题特征 .牢记动词的非谓语
1 ( 1 。 2
低 为 作宾语 作状语 作补语 作表语 定语 主语 形式的句法功能 从而理清动词的非谓语形式的各种用法 . 重点掌
) : → → → 、 、 。 , 。 3
.五年高考短文改错中动词的非谓语形式的考频 由高到低 为 握动词的非谓语形式作宾语 状语 定语 补语的用法 .掌握动词的
2 ( ) : 、 、 、 。 4
作宾语 作状语 作补语 作表语 定语 非谓语形式作主语 表语的最基本用法
→ → → 、 。 、 。7 0 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
学生用书P68
概述 此外 afford strive happen 碰巧 wait threaten 等也要
, , , ( ), ,
用不定式作宾语
一、动词的非谓语形式 。
二、下列动词或词组一般用v.⁃ing形式(动名词)作宾语
形式 主动形式 被动形式
to do to be doing 口诀 对应动词(词组) 例句
, , to be done to
不定式 to have done to ,
, have beendone
have beendoing consider suggest/advise
肯定式 考虑建议 , , Thesquirrelswereluckythat
beingdone lookforwardto excuse/
v.⁃ing形式 doing havingdone , 盼原谅 , they just missed being
, havingbeendone pardon
caught.松鼠们很幸运没有
过去分词 done
被抓住
以上肯定形式前加not 如 nottodo notdoing notto 。
承认推迟 admit delay/put off
否定式 , : , , , , I would appreciate your
be done nothavingdone等
没得想 fancy 想要
, ( ) callingbackthisafternoon.
v.⁃ing形式
名词所有格 形容词性物主代词 动名词 我对你今天下午回电话表
复合结构 动名词 、 +
( ) 避免错过 avoid miss keep/ 示感谢
, , 。
不定式 forsb./sth. todo 继续练 keepon practice I can hardly imagine Peter
,
sailing across the Atlantic
二、动词的非谓语形式的句法功能
Ocean in five days.我几乎
状语 否认完成 deny finish enjoy/
, , 不能想象彼得在五天之内
主 宾 补 定 表 就欣赏 appreciate
动词的非谓语形式 时 原 条 伴 让 目 结 横渡大西洋
语 语 语 语 语 。
间 因 件 随 步 的 果
Hegotwellpreparedforthejob
禁止想象
不定式 forbid imagine risk interview for he couldn􀆳t risk
√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 才冒险 , , ,
v.⁃ing 动名词 losing the good opportunity.他
√ √ √ √
形式 现在分词 为这次工作面试做了充分
√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
不禁介意 can􀆳thelp mind 准备 因为他不能冒失去这
v.⁃ed形式 过去分词 , , ,
( ) √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 准逃亡 allow/permit escape 次好机会的风险
, 。
1
考点 动词的非谓语形式作宾语 注意
allow permit forbid advise consider后需加v.⁃ing形式
高考常考点 , , , ,
动名词 作宾语 但如果后面有名词或代词作宾语 则用
( ) , ,
一、下列动词一般用不定式作宾语 不定式作宾补
。
用法 例句
口诀 对应动词 例句
decide/determine
决心学会想 ,
learn want She pretended not to see We don􀆳t allow smoking
希望 , ,
expect/hope/wish me when I passed by.当 in the hall.我们不准有人
allow ü
拒绝设法愿 refuse , manage , 我 见我 经过时 , 她假装没看 permit ï ïï ì ï ï do 动 in 名 gs 词 th 作 . 宾语 在 Sm 大 ok 厅 in 内 g i 吸 s f 烟 or 。 bidden here
假装 care pretend 。 forbid ý í( )
, We agreed to meet here ï+ïsb. todosth. but you are allowed to
advise ï
主动答应选 offer , promise , but so far she hasn􀆳t considerþ ïï î ( 不定式作宾补 ) smoke over there.这里禁
计划 choose plan turnedupyet.我们约好了 止吸烟 但你可以去那
, ,
在这里见面 但是她到现 里吸
同意请求帮 agree , 。
, 在还没有露面
一帮 ask/beg help 。
,
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋专题五 动词的非谓语形式 7 1
三、下列动词或词组既可以跟 v.⁃ing 形式(动名词)作宾 .可将介词in省略的短语 句型
2 、
语,也可以跟不定式作宾语,但意义上有区别。 可将介词in省略的短语、句型 例句
用法 例句 spend... } I had no difficulty ( in )
making myself understood.
have difficulty (in)doing
ì ïï todosth.记着要做某事 ì ï ï Remembertolockthedoor. have a...time 我毫不费力地使别人明白
rememberí ïï ( do d i o ng 后 s 于 th.记 rem 得 e 做 mb 过 er 某 ) 事 í ïï 记 Ir 得 em 锁 em 门 b 。 erlockingthedoor. 了自己的意思 。
î do先于remember î我记得把门锁上了 五、“疑问词 不定式”结构作宾语
( ) 。 +
ìHestoppedtolookathim. 不定式作动词 词组 tell show understand explain
ì ïï todosth.忘记要做某事 ï ï 他停下来看着他 teach learn advise dis ( cuss a ) sk de , cide w , onder find , out 等的 ,
forget î í ïï ( do d d i o o ng 后 先 s 于 于 th.忘 f f o o r r 记 g g e e 做 t t ) 过某事 î í ïï I hi s m to . p 我 pe 停 dd 止 ig 挖 gin , g 看 a 。 n 着 d 他 loo 。 kedat 宾 wh 语 o等 时 , , 但 前 , w 面 h 常 y后 带 , 加 疑 不 问 带 词 t , o h 的 ow 不 , , 定 wh 式 at , , whether , , where , when ,
( ) ìIwilltrytoimprovemyhabit. , 。
ï 注意 此用法中的不定式的逻辑主语需与句子的主语或
ì ï tosay/tell/inform... ï我将尽力改进我的习惯 。 宾语保持 : 一致 否则用宾语从句
ï遗憾地说/告诉/通知 íTrydoingmoreexercise , 。
regretí ï ï ( do sa in y g /t s e t l h l . / 后 inf 悔 or 做 m 过 后 某 于 … 事 re … gret ) î ï ï a 试 nd 着 y 多 ou 运 w 动 ill 你 los 就 e 会 we 减 igh 肥 t. , 了 we sh H o e ul s d ho d w o e t d he u w s o h r o k w . ) t 他 o 给 do 我 th 们 e 演 wo 示 rk 怎 . ( 么 = H 做 e 这 sh 项 ow 工 ed 作 u 。 s how
î do先于regret , 。 I don􀆳t know what to do. I don􀆳t know what I should
( ) ì ï Hedidn􀆳tmeantohurtyou. (=
{todosth.停下来做另外一 ï他并没打算伤害你
。
do.
)
我不知道做些什么
。
stop 件事 íRaisingsalarymeansincreasing We must decide whether to stay or go. We must decide
(=
doingsth.停下正在做的事 ï purchasingpower. whether we􀆳ll stay or go. 我们必须决定是留还是走
ï ) 。
{todosth.尽力做某事 î涨工资意味着提高购买力 Can you tell me why do it 你能告诉我为什么这么
try 。 ?
doingsth.试着做某事 ìThatcan􀆳thelptoimprove 做吗
ï
?
{todosth.打算做某事 ï yourEnglish.
mean doingsth.意味着做某事 ï 那对你提高英语水平没有帮助 课标必备点
í 。
ïShecouldn􀆳thelpbursting
一、动词的非谓语形式作need,want,require的宾语
can􀆳thelp
{todosth.不能帮助做某事
ï ï intotears.
doingsth.情不自禁做某事 î她禁不住突然大哭起来 用法 例句
。
{need s 需要 }
四、v.⁃ing形式(动名词)作介词的宾语 sb. ( )( ) todosth. He needs to leave at
want s 想要
无论是普通介词还是含介词的动词短语 一般情况下要 ( )( ) once.他需要立即离开
。
, Thewindowneedscleaning/
用v.⁃ing 动名词 形式作宾语 {need s } {doing
( ) 。 ( ) to be cleaned.这扇窗户
If you insist on doing something do it every day. sth. want ( s ) + ( 主动形式表被动 ) 需要擦一下
, require s tobedone 。
如果你坚持做某件事 那就每天做 ( )
, 。
After finishing his share of the work he went to help the 二、动词的非谓语形式作deserve beworth beworthy(of)
, , ,
others. 的宾语
他完成了自己的那部分工作以后 又去帮助别人 用法 例句
, 。
注意 ì {doing The place isworthvisiting.
ïdeserve
.to既可以作介词 又可以作不定式符号 因此要牢记含 ï + tobe done The place is worthy to be
=
1 , , í {tobe done visited. The place is
介词 to的常用短语
。
ïbe worthy
ofbeingdone worthy o
=
f being visited.这
ï
含介词to的短语 例句 îbe worthdoing 主动形式表被动 个地方值得参观
( ) 。
He is used to getting up 三、动词的非谓语形式作like love prefer的宾语
, ,
beusedto ( 习惯于 ) ü ï early.他习惯了很早起床 。 结构 例句
beaccustomedto 习惯于 ï Heart failure can sometimes
( )
beopposedto ( 反对 ) ï lead to being killed.心力衰 like}{todosth.偶然一次爱好
objectto ( 反对 ) ï 竭有时可能会导致死亡 love doingsth.长期爱好 Ilikeswimming , butIdon􀆳tlike
leadto ( 导致 ) ï ï I was so angry that I c 。 ame toswimthis afternoon.我喜欢游
b co e m d e ev c o l t o e s d e t t o o ( ( 献 差 身 不 于 多 ) ) ý ï ï doing c 生 lo 气 se 以 to 至 hitt 于 ing 差 h 点 im. 儿 我 打 如此 他 { would l l i o k v e e } todosth. } 很 做 想 某 要 事 泳 I co w f , f 但 o e u e. 今 l 我 d 天 想 lik 下 喝 e 午 杯 to 不 咖 h 想 啡 av 游 e 泳 a 。 cup of
stickto ( 坚持 , 坚守 ) ï 一顿 feellikedoingsth. We allfeellikeceleb 。 rating.我们
getdownto ( 着手 ) ï 。 都想庆祝一番
payattentionto
(
注意
)
ï
ï
He was reduced to begging {preferdoing...todoing...
Iprefer singin
。
gtodancing.与跳
reducesb./sth.to ( 使沦为 ) þ in the street.他沦落到沿街 prefertodo...ratherthando... 舞相比 我更喜欢唱歌
乞讨 与做 相比 更喜欢做 , 。
。 …… , ……
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋7 2 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
四、动词不定式在but other than后面时,如果前面有行为 decorate for we will marry next year.
, ( ),
动词do的某种形式,那么后面的不定式不带to,否则就要 .The poor boy can do nothing but study study hard.
7 ( )
带to。 另外在can􀆳t choose but can􀆳t help but 只好 can􀆳t .I regret to state state that you are all late for the
, ( ), 8 ( )
but 只得 had better would rather 后面的不定式也要省 meeting.
( ), ,
略to。 .We determined to fulfill fulfill our dream of going to
9 ( )
I cannot butagreetohisterms. 我不得不同意他的条件 Peking University for further study.
。
I can􀆳t choose but laugh.我只能笑了 .Any country can􀆳t escape being punished punish if
。 10 ( )
All I could do was go home. 我所能做的就是回家 it attempts to destroy the interests of other countries.
。
.When at school teachers are sure to forbid us to go
11 ,
go out to the downtown alone.
( )
.Don􀆳t mention it any more As you know we have
12 ! ,
一、语法填空
already been accustomed to living live in the school
( )
1.设空处前为及物动词 设空处后的提示词为动词 一般
, , dormitory.
考查动词的非谓语形式作宾语
。 .Now itnotonlydevotesitselfto selling sell books
13 , ( ) ,
2.关注谓语动词是不是只能用不定式作宾语的动词 如
( but combines the functions of the bookstore the café and the
,
decide refuse等 如果是 需填入不定式形式
sale of creative cultural products.
, ), , 。
3.关注谓语动词是不是只能用 v.⁃ing形式作宾语的动
.But if you do find it difficult to fall fall asleep at
14 ( )
词 如 enjoy practice suggest 等 如果是 需填入 v.⁃ing
night then you should avoid naps and try to build up healthy
( , , ), ,
,
形式
sleepiness in the evening.
。
4.有些谓语动词既可以加不定式 又可以加 v.⁃ing 形式
.Paststudieshaveshownalinkbetweensleepinglessand
,
15
作宾语 但意义有所不同 如remember forget等 遇到这些
weighing more but scientists have had difficulty determining
, ( , ),
,
词时 看提示词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示动作的先后
determine Which came first the chicken or the egg says
,
( ) “ , ?”
关系 如果提示词所表示的动作先于谓语动词所表示的动作
Julie from the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor.
:
发生 设空处填v.⁃ing形式 如果提示词所表示的动作后于谓
.It is a part of becoming become an independent man.
, ;
16 ( )
语动词所表示的动作发生 设空处填不定式形式
.In my mind they􀆳re helping us to become calm and
, 。
17 ,
5.注意介词后需用v.⁃ing形式作宾语 此外要格外重视 consider winning win and solving real problems as well.
。 ( )
有关介词to的短语 如be used to stick to等 该结构中的to
, , , Ⅱ.单句改错
为介词 不是不定式符号 因此只能用v.⁃ing形式作宾语
, , 。
.Instead of seek shelter my parents suggested we help a
6.牢记用v.⁃ing的主动形式作宾语 但表示被动意义的
1 ,
,
couple of stall owners pack their books.
动词 它们是表示 需要 的 need want require 和表示 值
, “ ” , , “
seek→seeking
得 的deserve be worth
” , 。
.Mobile phone addicts can􀆳t help check their mobile
2
二、短文改错
phones all day even when they are walking on the road.
,
1.检查是否该用不定式符号to check→checking
。
2.检查不定式 v.⁃ing形式的用法是否正确 .In the beginning I wasn􀆳t used to talk to strangers.
、 。 3 ,
3.检查介词后的动词的非谓语形式是否正确 talk→talking
。
.It was Friday early in the morning. I did not want go to
4 ,
school so I told my mother that I got a fever.
,
Ⅰ.单句填空
want后加to
. The discovery of new evidence led to the thief
1 .He hopes create an environment for his students that is
5
being caught catch .
( ) much more relaxing than the one he used to study in.
.The man insisted on finding find a taxi for me even
hopes后加to
2 ( )
though I told him I lived nearby.
.According to a recent U.S. survey children spend up to
2
3 ,
hours a week watching watch TV. 考点 动词的非谓语形式作状语
25 ( )
.Isn􀆳t it time you got down to marking mark the
4 ( ) 动词的非谓语形式作状语的基本原则
papers :
? 动词的非谓语形式作状语时 其逻辑主语必须与句子的
.Oh my god I didn􀆳t mean to hurt hurt him But ,
5 , , ( ) ! , 主语保持一致 即动词的非谓语形式作状语必须和句子主语
but I am so sorry now. ,
, 含有逻辑上的主动或被动关系
. My new house needs to be decorated/decorating 。
6
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋专题五 动词的非谓语形式 7 3
高考常考点 二、v.⁃ing形式(现在分词)、过去分词作状语
1.分词作状语时其形式的选择
一、不定式作状语
形式 意义 例句
1.不定式作目的状语
形式 位置 例句 与句子主语为逻辑
上的主动关系 与句 Hestoodthere smiling
to 动 词 In order to/To make a study of , ,
+ 句首 句中 doing 子谓语动词动作同 atme.
原形 , kangaroos he went to Australia.为了
, 时发生 或基本上同 他站在那里对我微笑
, 。
研究袋鼠 他去了澳大利亚
inorderto , 。 时发生
+ 句首 句中 Her mother plans to fly to Beijing at
动词原形 , 与句子主语为逻辑 Having finished the
least four times a year so as to/in
掌 having 上的主动关系 先于 work I felt very
soasto 动 orderto/tovisither.她的母亲计划每 , ,
+ 句中 握 done 句子谓语动词动作 relaxed.完成作业后
词原形 年至少四次飞到北京去看她 ,
。 发生 我感到非常放松
。
2.不定式作结果状语
Givenenoughtime we
形式 意义 例句 与句子主语为逻辑 ,
are suretodoitwell.如
Whathave Idone tooffendyou done 上的被动关系 表
to 动词原形 结果 ? , 果给予我们足够的时
+ …… 我做什么了结果把你冒犯了 完成
? 间 我们一定能做好
结果却 , 。
…… Jane hurried back only to find that
only to 动词 表示意外
+ ( hermother had left.简匆忙赶回来 与句子主语为逻辑 Being taught by the
原形 的或事与愿
却发现她的母亲已经离开了 上的被动关系 且与 teacher I made great
违的结果 。 beingdone , ,
) 谓语动词动作同时 progress. 由于老师的
so 形容词或 如此 I􀆳m not so stupid a fool as to
+ …… ( ) 发生 教导 我进步很大
副词 as to 以至 write it down.我不至于愚蠢到把 , 。
+ + 了
动词原形 于 它写下来
…… 。 解 The man having been
与句子主语为逻辑 ,
too...to 动词 太 以至 I􀆳m tootiredtostayupanylonger.
+ …… disturbed so badly
havingbeen 上的被动关系 且先 ,
原形 于不能 我太累了 不能再熬夜了
…… , 。 , almostlosthismemory.
done 于谓语动词动作
注意 由于被严重困扰 这个
发生 ,
人几乎失去了记忆
在only too...to...结构中 too...to...不是 太 而不能 。
, “ ……
之意 而是 非常 相当于 very...to... 与 2.分词作状语的句法功能
……” , “ ……”, “ ”。
only too...to...搭配的形容词常见的有 pleased ready
, , 句法功能 例句
willing glad happy等
, , 。 Whenofferedhelp one oftensays Thankyou or It􀆳s
I􀆳m only too glad to have passed the exam. I􀆳m very 时间 , “ ” “
(= kindofyou .当被提供帮助的时候 人们常说 谢谢
glad to have passed the exam. 考试及格了 我非常高兴 状语 ” , “
) , 。 你 或 你真好
3.不定式作原因状语 ” “ ”。
Having been separated from other continents for
用法 常用词 例句
millions ofyears Australiahasmanyanimalsandplants
原因 ,
happy glad sorry You will never know not foundinanyothercountryintheworld.和其他大陆
形容词作表语时 , , , 状语
, anxious proud howhappyIwastosee 分离了数百万年 澳大利亚有许多在世界上任何别的
后面可接不定式 , , ,
disappointed heryesterday. 国家都找不到的动植物
作原因状语 用以 , 。
, angry surprised 你永远不会知道昨天
说明产生这种情 , , Generally speaking if taken according to the
ready delighted 看到她时 我是多么 条件 ,
绪的原因 , , , instructions the drug has no side effects.一般来说 如
pleased 高兴 状语 , ,
。 果按照用法说明服用 这种药没有副作用
, 。
4.不定式的主动形式表被动意义
He glancedather noticingthatthoughshewastiny she
结果 , ,
用法 常用词 例句 seemedverywell.他匆匆地看了一下她 注意到她虽
状语 ,
然很纤弱 但看起来非常健康
在 主语 系动词 表 , 。
“ + +
语 ( 形容词 )+ to do ” 结 easy hard difficult This question is easy 让步 Havingbeentoldmanytimes , hestillrepeatedthesame
构中 句子的主语与动 , , , toanswer. mistake.虽然被告诉过好多次了 但他仍然重复犯同
, important impossible 状语 ,
词不定式有逻辑上的 , , 这个问题容易回答 样的错误
interestingpleasant 。 。
被动关系 且形容词表 , , This book is difficult
, nice comfortable
示主语的特征或性质 , , to understand.这本 伴随 The teacher came into the lab followed by some
, safe dangerous ,
这时 需用不定式的主 , 书很难理解 状语 students.老师进了实验室 后面跟着一些学生
, 。 , 。
动形式表示被动意义
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋7 4 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
三、独立成分作状语 如果句子主语与提示词为逻辑上的被动关系 提
(2) :①
示词表示的动作表示谓语动词的目的时 填不定式的一般式
定义 常见独立成分 例句 ,
的被动式 tobe done 如果提示词表示的动作不表示谓语
( );②
generallyspeaking一般来说 Judging from his
动词的目的 一般填过去分词 done
, ( )。
有些分词或 franklyspeaking坦白地说 accent he is from
, 2.根据句式判断
不定式短语 judgingfrom/by...根据 Hong Kong.从他
…… be glad happy eager 等表示喜怒哀乐等的形容词
作状语 其形 来判断 的口音判断 他是 (1) + , , ,
, , 后填不定式作状语
式的选择不 considering.../taking...into 香港人 ;
。 only 不定式 作结果状语 表示意外的或事与愿违
受上下文的 consideration考虑到 To tell you the (2)“ + ” ,
…… 的结果
影响 被称为 totellyouthe truth说实话 truth I am a little 。
, ,
3.提示词为动词原形 但设空处前有名词或代词作提示
独立成分 compared to/with 与 tired.说实话 我有
…… , ,
相比 点累 词的逻辑主语 这时要考虑该题考查独立主格结构
。 , 。
4.注意诸如 generally speaking 等独立成分作状语的
课标必备点 用法
。
独立主格结构 二、短文改错
动词的非谓语形式作状语时 它的逻辑主语应和句子主 1.检查并列结构中动词的非谓语形式是否一致
, ;
语保持一致 但有时它带有自己的逻辑主语 并在句子中作 2.检查作状语的动词的非谓语形式与主语的逻辑关系
。 , ;
状语 我们称之为独立主格结构 3.检查作状语的动词的非谓语形式是否符合固定句式
, 。 ,
1.独立主格结构的构成 如be eager to do sth.结构
。
名词/代词 分词 名词/代词 不定式 with/
① + ;② + ;③
without 名词/代词 分词/不定式
+ + 。
Ⅰ.单句填空
2.独立主格结构的特点
.Anxiously she took the dress out of the package and
独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同 它独立
1 ,
① ,
tried it on only to find find it didn􀆳t fit.
存在
, ( )
;
.Clearly and thoughtfully written write the book
独立主格结构中作逻辑主语的名词或代词与后面的
2 ( ),
②
inspires confidence in students who wish to seek answers of
分词或不定式是逻辑上的主动或被动关系
;
their own.
独立主格结构一般有逗号与句子分开
③ 。
.Group activities will be organized after class to help
Thetestfinished Whenthetestwasfinished webegan
3
(= ),
help children develop team spirit.
our holiday.考试结束后 我们就开始放假了
( )
, 。
. Having spent spend the past year as an exchange
The president assassinated Because the president was
4 ( )
(=
student in Hong Kong Linda appears maturer than those of
assassinated the whole country was in deep sorrow.
,
),
her age.
总统被暗杀了 全国上下沉浸在深深的悲痛之中
, 。
. The lecture having been given give a lively
Weather permitting If weather permits we are going
5 ( ),
(= ),
question⁃and⁃answer session followed.
to visit you tomorrow.如果天气允许 我们明天去看你
, 。
.Here are some tipstohelpyouinmanagingstressaround
I stood before her with my heart beating fast.
6
exam time...It􀆳s a good idea to talk to your classmates and
我站在她面前 心脏跳得很快
, 。
teachers to share share fears.
( )
. Hosted host by Jinan Municipal People􀆳s
7 ( )
Government the winter swimming race has been held for seven
,
一、语法填空 successive years.
提示词为动词原形 设空处说明谓语动词的时间 原因 .Anditmade me thinkthatmaybe Ineedtosettimeaside
, 、 、 8
条件 方式等 可断定设空处考查动词的非谓语形式作状语 to tell tell thepeopleinmylife howmuchIappreciate what
、 , 。 ( )
1.根据逻辑关系判断 they did.
首先找到句子的主语 然后根据句子主语与提示词的逻 .On the other side many Chinese systems have been
, 9 ,
辑关系判断动词的非谓语形式 created to earn earn money.
。 ( )
如果主语与提示词为逻辑上的主动关系 提示词 .An archaeological 考古 survey using use
(1) :① 10 ( ) , ( )
表示的动作后于句子谓语表示的动作发生或提示词表示谓 advanced technologies has concluded that the Ming walls
,
语动词的目的时 填不定式 to do 形式 如果提示词表示 measure km.
, ( ) ;② 8,850
的动作说明谓语动词的时间 原因 条件 结果等或提示词表 .Throughout Sandra􀆳s life she had to move between
、 、 、 11 ,
示的动作与谓语动词表示伴随关系 填现在分词 doing 形 cities never allowing allow hermuchtimetogetsettledin
, ( ) , ( )
式 如果提示词所表示的动作先于谓语动词发生 则填现 one place.
;③ ,
在分词的完成式 having done . Seeing see the news of its return to Yiwu Jin􀆳s
( )。 12 ( ) ,
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋专题五 动词的非谓语形式 7 5
mother encouraged him to write about it and then send the letter 她是第一个在奥运会上获得金牌的女性
。
to Queen Elizabeth . He was the only person to survive the plane crash.
Ⅱ
.In the show the hosts and guests should complete tasks 他是这次飞机失事中唯一的幸存者
13 , 。
at a given place to win win the race.
( )
2.有些名词的同源动词常跟不定式作宾语 而这些名词
,
. Would you like me to wrap it for you she asked
14“ ?” , 也常跟不定式作定语 常见的有 wish decision refusal
smiling smile again. , : , , ,
( ) arrangement intention agreement hope need plan
. Compared compare with the traditional trade , , , , , ,
15 ( ) promise failure attempt offer,warning等。
mode they don􀆳t have to spend money in renting a house. , , ,
,
However there are still some disadvantages to online shopping. 例句 比较
,
Ⅱ.单句改错 I don􀆳t trust his promise to come
He promised to come for a
.We gathered at the Sunshine Square and gave out leaflets for a visit.我不相信他来访的
1 visit.他答应了要来访
to passers⁃by tell them the importance of environmental 诺言 。
, 。
protection.
He said he had no plans to go
tell→telling He didn􀆳tplantogothere.
there.他说他没有要去那里的
.Then we were making dumplings together with the old 他没有计划去那里
2 , 计划 。
talking and laugh. 。
laugh→laughing Hemadeanattempttostandup. He attemptedtostandup.
.Iwenttotheseasidetospendingmysummerholidaywith 他试图站起来 他试图站起来
3 。 。
my family.
3.有些名词的同源形容词常跟不定式作状语 而这些名
spending→spend ,
词也常跟不定式作定语 常见的有 ability anxiety
.We often regret that we didn􀆳t seize those opportunities , : , ,
4 ,
thus feel upset. eagerness willingness readiness patience obligation
, , , , ,
feel→feeling determination等。
.Watch the flag rising in the brilliant sun we were quite
5 , 例句 比较
excited and proud of our motherland.
Watch→Watching His eagerness to get back home
He was eager to get back
.Have classes in such a beautiful environment we feel wasquite obvious.
6 , home.他急于回家
very happy. 很明显他急于回家 。
。
Have→Having
A good teacher must have the
.Seeing from the top the city is extremely beautiful. He is able to make himself
7 , ability to make himself
Seeing→Seen understood.他有能力把自己的
understood.一个好教师必须有把
.In addition attracting by interesting topics you are free 意思说清楚
8 , , 自己的意思说清楚的能力 。
to get involved in the weekly discussion. 。
attracting→attracted 4.有些名词常用不定式作定语说明其内容,它们是:
.After school I went back home in time to help my chance opportunity reason way, effort measure
9 , , , , , ,
parents do some housework while enjoy some light music.
movement power right skill strength struggle idea等。
enjoy→enjoying , , , , , ,
He has a strange way to make his classes lively and
.Dressing in black he was playing with a smartphone
10 , interesting.他有一种奇怪的方法使他的课既生动又有趣
while eating. 。
Volunteering gives you a chance to change lives
Dressing→Dressed ,
including your own.志愿工作让你有一个可以改变生活的机
3 会 包括你自己的生活
考点 动词的非谓语形式作定语 , 。
5.被修饰词是作定语的不定式的动作的执行者 动词不
,
高考常考点 定式所表示的动作一般后于谓语动词所表示的动作或在将
来发生。
一、不定式作定语
He hadnophotographstoremindhimofthepast. 他没有
1.当名词被序数词或the only the next the last, the
, ,
right修饰,且该名词是作定语的非谓语形式表示的动作的 使他想起过去的照片 remind后于had
。 ( )
执行者时,用不定式的主动形式作定语。 Is there anybody to carry on the work 有人要继续这项
?
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the 工作吗 to carry on表示将来
? ( )
Olympic Games.
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋7 6 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
6.have sth. to do与have sth. to be done的区别 续表
相同处 区别 例句 形式 用法 例句
Ihave a letter to post so I can􀆳t
have sth. to ,
被修饰的名词与分 Things lost never come
goswimmingwithyou.我有一封信 “
do句型中 to
都 有 有 , 需要我 要寄出 因此我不能和 过去分词 词动作为被动关系 , again !” I couldn􀆳t help
“ do 的执行者 ( ) , 表动作已经完成或 talking to myself. 我不禁自
要做 你一起去游泳
…… ” 是 句 子 的 。 表状态 言自语道 覆水难收啊
的意思 不 Shehasalotofthingstoattendto. :“ !”
, 主语
定式必须 她有许多事情 ( 需要她 ) 处理 。 2.不及物动词的分词形式作定语
是及物动 have sth. to I have a letter to be posted. Can
形式 用法 示例
词或相当 be done 句型 youhelp me 我有一封信想让别
于及物动 中 tobedone 人替我寄出去 ? 你能帮我一下吗 {boilingwater正沸腾的水
词的短语 的 , 执行者不 Do you have , any clothes to ? be v.⁃ing 表动作正在进行 boiledwater白开水
“ {fallingleaves正在下落的叶子
是主语 而是 washed asked the maid.女仆问
, ?” : fallenleaves落叶
另有其人 您有衣服要洗吗
“ ?”
过去分词 表动作已经完成
{developingcountries发展中国家
注意 developedcountries发达国家
作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词 或者不定式所修饰 3.英语中有些表示感觉的动词,其现在分词形式表示
,
的名词或代词是不定式表示的动作的地点 工具等 不定 “令人……的”,过去分词形式表示“感到……的”。
、 ,
{an exciting voice令人兴奋的声音
式后面需有相应的介词
。
an excited voice兴奋的声音
The Browns have a comfortable house to live in.
{a puzzling expression令人困惑的表情
布朗一家有一所住起来舒适的房子
。 a puzzled expression困惑的表情
Do you havea cuptodrinkwater with 你有用来喝水的
?
用所给动词的适当形式填空
杯子吗
? He was reading a book written write by Mark Twain.
但是 不定式所修饰的名词如果是time place或way 时 ⑤ ( )
, , , The man talking talk to Tim is his uncle.
不定式后面的介词习惯上省去 ⑥ ( )
。
三、v.⁃ing形式(动名词)作定语
He had no place to live.他没有地方住
。
动名词作定语 动名词用来说明被修饰词的用途 如
单句填空 , 。 :
a fishing net渔网 a net for fishing
(= )
Theymade adecision to put put offthemeetinguntilnext a swimming pool游泳池 a pool for swimming
① ( ) (= )
week.
易混易错点
There is no need to build build a dam across the small
② ( )
river. to be done being done和done作定语的区别
,
Her eagerness to work work will please the boss.
形式 用法 例句
③ ( )
I want to buy a brush to paint with . The question to be discussed at
④
表 被 动 tomorrow􀆳s meeting is very important.
tobe done 、
二、v.⁃ing形式(现在分词)、过去分词作定语 将来 明天在会上将要讨论的问题非常
重要
1.及物动词的分词形式作定语 。
Listen The song being sung is very
表被动 正 !
形式 用法 例句 beingdone 、 popular with the students.听 正唱着
在进行 !
的这首歌非常受学生们的欢迎
。
被修饰的名词与分 Have you read the novel written by
表 被 动
词动作为逻辑上的 I have never seen a more done 、 Dickens 你读过狄更斯写的这部小
完成 ?
v.⁃ing 主动关系 v.⁃ing 形 moving movie.我从未看过 说吗
, ?
式表示被修饰名词 一部更感人的电影了
。 用所给动词的适当形式填空
的特征
There are still many problems to be solved solve before
⑦ ( )
被修饰的名词与分 we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
The houses being built are
词动作为逻辑上的 Prices ofdailygoods bought buy throughacomputercan
beingdone forthe teachers.正在建的那 ⑧ ( )
被动关系且表示该 be lower than store prices.
些房子是为老师建的
动作正在进行 。
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋专题五 动词的非谓语形式 7 7
.There is a note pinned to the door saying say when
7 ( )
the supermarket will open again.
一、语法填空 .Online many of them argued that the show􀆳s delayed
8 ,
提示词为动词 设空处前面或后面是名词或代词 很有 delay transmission broke their children􀆳s concept of
, , ( )
可能考查动词的非谓语形式作定语 punctuality andalsocriticizedthenon⁃commercialTVshowfor
。 ,
1.根据名词解题 surrendering to commercial advertisements.
当名词前有 the only the next the last the right 修 .Over delegates 代表 chosen choose from a
(1) , , , 9 2,000 ( ) ( )
饰 且该名词是作定语的非谓语形式表示的动作的执行者 group of around millionpartymembersacrossthe nationwill
, 89
时 用不定式作定语 attend the th National Congress of the Communist Party of
, ; 20
当名词的同源动词用不定式作宾语时 这些名词 如 China.
(2) , (
wish decision refusal arrangement等 需用不定式作定语 .Xiong􀆳anNewArea located locate tothesouthwest
, , , ) ; 10 , ( )
当名词的同源形容词用不定式作状语时 这些名词 of Beijing covers an area of about square kilometers.
(3) , , 2,000
如ability anxiety eagerness等 需用不定式作定语 .Most colleges now offer first⁃year students a course
( , , ) 。 11
2.根据逻辑关系解题 specially designed design to help them succeed
( )
如果被修饰词与提示词所表示的动作为逻辑上的主 academically and personally.
(1)
动关系 可能用不定式的主动式 to do 或现在分词作定语 .I am fond of the plan to go go on a trip to Hainan
, ( ) ; 12 ( )
如果被修饰词与提示词所表示的动作为逻辑上的被 next month.
(2)
动关系 用不定式的被动式 to be done 作定语表示将来 用 .The flowers smelling smell sweet in the botanic
, ( ) , 13 ( )
现在分词的被动式 being done 作定语表示 正在被 garden attract visitors to the beauty of nature.
( ) “ ……”,
用过去分词形式作定语表示 已经被
“ ……”; Ⅱ.单句改错
如果被修饰词与提示词所表示的动作没有逻辑上的
(3) .I want to buy a brush to paint.
主动或被动关系 提示词表示被修饰词的用途 用动名词作 1
, , paint后加with
定语 如reading room
( )。 .One Friday afternoon I went to a cellphone store and
3.根据固定句式解题 如 There is no need to do sth./ 2 ,
, : chose a large button phone specially designing for seniors.
There is something to do或There is something to be done等
。 designing→designed
二、短文改错
.After I followed the advice giving by my teacher I
3 ,
1.首先要看作定语的是不是动词的非谓语形式 谓语动 finally overcame the fear.
,
词不能作定语 giving→given
。
2.如果错误处是动词的非谓语形式作定语 需检查所用 .Soldiers came to rescue those burying under the ruins
, 4 ,
非谓语形式是否正确 and the government provided food clothes and shelters for the
。 , ,
3.作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词 或者不定式所修 homeless.
,
饰的名词或代词是不定式所表示的动作的地点 工具等 看 burying→buried
、 ,
不定式后面是否有相应的介词
。
4
考点 动词的非谓语形式作补语
Ⅰ.单句填空
高考常考点
.However our discussions are more than just a way
1 ,
to practice practice our debating skills. 不定式作补语
( )
.I was watching the clock all through the meeting as I 1.后接不定式作宾语补足语的动词、动词词组
2 ,
had a train to catch catch . advise allow ask beg cause ü
( ) , , , , , ï
.It􀆳s amazing amaze news that we will go on a encourage expect forbid force ï
3 ( ) , , , ,
research course 研学 next weekend. get intend invite like love ïï
( ) , , , , , ý 宾语 to do
.The fellow being treated treat by doctors now is order persuade prefer remind ï+ +
4 ( ) , , , ,
exactly my cousin. require teach tell want warn ï
, , , , , ïï
.It􀆳snecessarytodrink boiled boil watereveryday but wish wait for call on depend on等þ
5 ( ) , , , ,
fewpeople can drink up boiling boil water in one minute. You are not allowed to smoke here.这里不允许吸烟
( ) 。
.Actually it is quite normal for the average person living The doctor warned him not to eat too much meat.
6 ,
live in a city to see thousands of ads every single day. 医生告诫他不要吃太多的肉
( ) 。
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋7 8 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
2.常用不定式作主语补足语的句型 Don􀆳t let your child play with matches.
ìsaid ü 别让你的孩子玩火柴
ï ï
。
ïbelieved ï Let the work be done immediately.工作要马上去做
ï known ï ìdo sth.让 做某事} 宾语与宾 。
ï ï ï …… (
ïsupposed ï ïdoing sth.使 持 补为逻辑上
sb./sth. beí ý to do sth. ï ……
ïreported ï+ have 宾语 í续做某事 的主动关系
ïconsideredï
(3) + +ï
done使 被做 宾语与宾补为
)
ï ï ï ï …… (
found î逻辑上的被动关系
ï ï
ï ï )
îthought þ ì 宾语与宾补
ïto do sth.使 做某事}(
Heat is considered to be a form of energy. ï …… 为逻辑上的
ïdoing sth.使 做某事
热能被认为是能量的一种形式 get 宾语 í …… 主动关系
You􀆳re supposed to pay the bill
。
by Friday.
(4) + +ï
done使 被做 宾语与宾补为逻
)
辑
你应该在星期五前结清这笔账 î ï ï 上的被动 … 关 … 系 (
。
)
He is said to have gone abroad.
He got me to post the letter for him.
It is said that he has gone abroad.
(= ) 他让我替他寄信
据说他出国了 。
。 The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after
a short rest.休息了片刻之后 上尉让士兵们朝前线行进
易混易错点 , 。
I􀆳ll get my bike repaired tomorrow.
一、动词的非谓语形式作感官动词、使役动词的宾补
我明天要 请人 修一下我的自行车
( ) 。
1.感官动词see,watch,observe,notice,hear,feel 易错提示 下列动词(词组)在主动语态中用不带 to 的
的宾语补足语有四种形式,以see 为例: 不定式作宾语补足语,但在被动语态中要加上to:它们是“吾
ì
ïdoing sth.看见 正在做某事}(
宾语与宾补 看三室两厅一感觉”———
5
看(look at,see,watch,notice,
ï …… 为逻辑上的 observe); 使(make,let,have); 听(listen to,hear); 感觉
see
ïï do sth.看见
……
做了∙某∙事∙
主动关系 (feel)。
3 2 1
+ í ∙∙ )
宾语 ï 宾语与宾补
+ being done看见 正在被做}( 二、动词的非谓语形式作 leave keep find catch 及介词
ï …… 为逻辑上的 , , ,
ïïdone看见 被做 ∙∙∙∙ with的宾补
î …… 被动关系
∙∙ ) ìsb./sth doing sth.让某人/物处于某种状态
I heard her sing an English song just now. ï 􀆰
ï 宾语与宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的主动
刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌 主动 完成 (
。 ( , ) ï关系 表示动作正在进行
I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her ï , )
sth undone留下某事未做 宾语与宾语补足
room yesterday.昨天经过她房间时 我听见她正在唱一首英文 ïï 􀆰 (
, 1.leave í语之间是逻辑上的被动关系 表示被动和完成
歌 主动 正在进行 ï , ,
。 ( , ) 一般以undone unfinished unsettled untouched
I heardanEnglishsongbeingsungbythelittlegirlwhen ï , , ,
ï为多
I passed by her room yesterday. )
ïsb to do sth.留下某人去做某事} 不定式表示
昨天经过那个小女孩的房间时 我听见她正在唱一首英 ï 􀆰 (
, îsth to be done留下某事要做 将来的动作
文歌 被动 正在进行 􀆰 )
。 ( , ) It􀆳s wrong to leave the machine running.
I􀆳d like to see the plan carried out.
让机器一直运转着是不对的 主动 正在进行
我想看到这个计划被执行 被动 没有一定的时间性 。 ( , )
。 ( , ) Theguestsleftmostofthedishesuntouched becausethey
2.使役动词 make,let,have,get 后接复合宾语的 ,
didn􀆳t taste delicious.
情况
大部分的菜客人们动都没动 因为它们尝起来不可口
ì ï do...让 …… 做 …… , 。
ï 宾语与宾补为逻辑上的主动关系 被动 完成
( , )
make 宾语 í( )
(1) + +ïdone让 被做 He left
,
leaving me to do all the rest of work.
î ï 宾语与 … 宾 … 补为逻辑上的被动关系 他走了 留下我一个人去做剩余的所有工作 主动
, 。 ( ,
( )
He made his workers work hours a day. 将来
12 )
他让他的工人们一天工作 个小时 We hurriedly ended our meeting leaving many problems
12 。 ,
He tried to make himself understood. tobesettled.我们匆匆忙忙地结束了会议 留下了很多问题等
,
他尽量把自己的意思表达清楚了 待解决 被动 将来
。 。 ( , )
ìdo...让 做 {sb./sth doing sth.使某人/物一直做某事
ï …… …… 􀆰
ï 宾语与宾补为逻辑上的主动关系 2.keep sb./sth done使某人/物被 表示被动且完
let 宾语 í( ) 􀆰 ……(
(2) + +ïbe done让 被做 成 或表示状态
ï …… , )
î 宾语与宾补为逻辑上的被动关系 Keep the engine running.别让发动机熄火
( ) 。
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋专题五 动词的非谓语形式 7 9
You should keep me informed of his whereabouts.你应该
让我了解他的行踪
。
ìsb doing sth.发现某人正在做某事 Ⅰ.单句填空
ï 􀆰
ïsb./sth done 发现某人/物已经 .Some students will feel a growing sense of fear with the
3.findí 􀆰 …… 1
ï 表完成或状态 exam season approaching approach while others may
ï( ) ( )
îsb./sth. to be...发现某人/物 appear fairly calm.
……
We found him to be dishonest.我们发现他不诚实
.He watched a spider making make a web.
。
2 ( )
Often I found her quietly weeping alone.
.InShanxi peoplegettheirhair cut cut inasymbolic
我经常发现她独自默默流泪 3 , ( )
。 move to remove the old and embrace the new.
I found him buried in a novel.
. That means tobacco manufactures will be forced
我发现他在埋头读一本小说 4
。 to pack pack their cigarettes in plain packets.
4.catch sb doing sth.撞见某人正在做某事 ( )
􀆰 .Apart from the massive size it also has unmatched
I caught John reading my private letters. 5 ,
accuracy and sensitivity allowing scientists to find find
我撞见约翰在偷看我的私人信件 , ( )
。 previously hidden stars.
ìsb./sth doing 表主动且进行 或表特征
ï 􀆰 ( , ) .During the Qin dynasty to keep the enemy out of his
ïsth being done 表被动且进行 6 ,
5.withí 􀆰 ( ) empire Emperor Qin Shihuang had all walls joined join up.
ïsth done 表被动且完成 或表状态 , ( )
î ï sth 􀆰 to do ( 表示将来 , ) 7 .China􀆳s image is improving steadily , with more
􀆰 ( ) countries recognizing recognize its role in
John received an invitation to dinner and with his work ( )
, international affairs.
finished he gladly accepted it.约翰收到了一份宴请函并且他
, .I need a new passport so I will have to have my
的工作也完成了 于是他欣然接受了邀请 8 ,
, 。 photograph taken take .
With a lot of difficult problems to settle the newly ( )
, .Some students break this rule and some even play with
elected president is having a hard time.因为有很多难题要解 9
their smartphones in class which makes teachers discouraged
决 这位新当选总统的日子不好过 ,
, 。 discourage .
( )
.In short it is a grateful heart that makes us become
10 ,
become kind people and create a harmonious environment.
( )
. It was mainly for this reason that the Brazilian
一、语法填空 11
government decided to have a new city built build
1.弄清概念 ( ) 600
miles north⁃west of Rio de Janeiro.
首先要明白什么是宾语补足语 牢记宾语与宾语补足
。 .When I got into the office I found Mr. Green buried
语之间的关系为逻辑上的主谓关系或逻辑上的主系表关系 12 ,
。 bury in his work without noticing my arrival.
2.弄清是否考查动词的非谓语形式作宾补 ( ) ,
Ⅱ.单句改错
提示词为动词原形 与前面的宾语有逻辑上的主谓关
,
系 可以断定该题考查动词的非谓语形式作宾补 .Seeingthemareworkingsohardonsuchacoldmorning
, 。 1 ,
I was moved and made up my mind to do something for them.
3.分清主动、被动关系
去掉are
如果宾语和提示词为逻辑上的主动关系 可能会填 to
, .I was walking to school this morning when I caught sight
do do或doing形式 如果宾语和提示词为逻辑上的被动关 2
, 。 of an old woman with a walking stick lain on the ground.
系 可能会填to be done being done done形式
, , , 。 lain→lying
4.确定答案
.When I was in Grade I met a teacher who made me
根据宾语前的谓语动词及动词的非谓语形式作宾补的用法 3 5,
remembered her forever.
确定答案
。 remembered→remember
考生还需关注考点清单 常用不定式作主语补足语的句
.The square was very busy with cars buses bicycles
“
4 , , ,
型 及 with 宾语 宾补 用法 and pedestrians gone in all directions.
” “ + + ” 。
gone→going
二、短文改错
.What􀆳s more hewantedthe thiefknowhe wasforgiven.
1.检查是否该用不定式符号to 5 ,
; know前加to
2.检查宾语与宾补之间的逻辑关系并确定作宾补 主
(
补 的动词的非谓语形式是否正确
) 。
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋8 0 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
5 repeatedly asked her to sit down.
考点 动词的非谓语形式作主语、表语
虽然我们三番五次地请她坐下 但她还是站着
, 。
The true author of the book remains unknown is still
高考常考点 (=
unknown .这本书真正的作者依然不详
) 。
一、下列句型中常用v.⁃ing形式(动名词)作主语 Much remains to be done.许多事仍需去做
。
ìno use/good ü
ï ï
ïnot any use/goodï
It is/was í ý doing sth.
+ïof little use/goodï+
ï ï 一、语法填空
îworth þ
提示词为动词 设空处前为系动词 一般考查动词的非谓语
It is worth making an appointment before you go. , ,
形式作表语 提示词为动词 设空处作主语 一般考查动词的非
你去之前预约一下是值得的 ; , ,
。 谓语形式作主语
。
二、下列句型中常用不定式作主语 1.根据固定句式判断
It is 形容词 for/of sb. to do sth.
It takes/took sb. + some time ü ï (1) It is + no use/g + ood/worth + ... doing sth.
difficult/easy/important/ ï (2) +
It be for sb.ï 2.根据非谓语形式的功能判断
+ +impossible/necessary... ï
设空处作表语 如果设空处表示主语的特征 用现在分
ýto do sth.
, ,
careless/clever/foolish/ ï 词形式 如果设空处表示主语的状态 用过去分词形式 此
ï ; , 。
It be silly/stupid/honest/ of sb. 外 现在分词作表语时 往往表示 令人 的 而过去分词
+ + ï , , “ …… ”,
kind/lazy/wise... þ ï 作表语时往往表示 感到 的
“ …… ”。
How long did it take you to finish the work
? 二、短文改错
你花了多长时间完成这项工作的
? 1.如果谓语动词作主语 表语 肯定需要改正
It is difficultforustofinishwritingthe compositioninan 、 , ;
2.当动名词或不定式作主语时 其表语的形式常与主语
hour.我们难以在一小时内完成这篇作文 ,
。 保持一致 即主语若用不定式 表语也用不定式 主语若用动
It is stupid of you to write down everything that the , , ;
( ) 名词 表语也常用动名词 如 Seeing is believing或To see is
teacher says.你把老师说的所有东西都记下来是很愚蠢的 , 。 :
。 to believe
。
易混易错点
一、不定式、v.⁃ing形式(动名词、现在分词)、过去分词 Ⅰ.单句填空
作表语的区别 .It is no use crying cry over spilt milk.
1 ( )
.First of all becoming become awareofwhatcauses
形式 作表语的用法 例句
2 , ( )
your worry will help to reduce the stress.
Your task today is to
表示具体的动作 尤其 .We take care of patients of all ages. There is no type of
, washthe curtains.你今天 3
不定式 是某一次的动作 不定 injury medical or surgical condition that we are not equipped
。 的任务是洗窗帘 指一 ,
式作主语也有此用法 。 ( equip to care for.
次具体的工作
) ( )
.They often seem to dislike dislike being questioned.
多指抽象的 概念性的 4 ( )
、 His favorite sport is .As well as the weather the relaxing atmosphere and
动 动作 可以是多次的 5 ,
, 、 swimming. nightlife are very appealing appeal .
名 经常性的行为 相当于
v.⁃ing , 他最喜欢的运动是游泳 ( )
词 名词 动名词作主语 。 . Using use mobile phones for too long tends to make
形 。 泛指游泳 6 ( )
也有此用法 ( ) us passive and ignore physical exercise which will cause
式 ,
obesity and poor eyesight.
现在 表特征 意为 令人 The film is exciting.这部
, : .His new idea was to make make the shell shapes on
分词 的 相当于形容词 电影激动人心 7 ( )
…… , 。
the roof into the shape of a ball.
He isexcitedatthenews.
表状态 意为 感到 .A life burdened with work leads you nowhere for you
过去分词 , : 听到这个消息他激动 8 ,
的 相当于形容词 will get tired and bored bore with your daily routine work.
…… , 不已 ( )
。
Ⅱ.单句改错
二、动词的非谓语形式作remain的表语
.Feeling tiring Li Hua went to bed immediately.
1 ,
{ {doing} tiring→tired
意为 仍然是 remain be still
主语 remain + done : ( = ) .The contrast in their points of view is so extreme that we
+ 2
to be done意为 仍需被做 grow puzzling sometimes.
+ :
She remained standing was still standing though we puzzling→puzzled
(= )
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋专题五 动词的非谓语形式 8 1
.Take a part⁃time job is a good form of social practice. embarrassed→embarrassing
3
Take→Taking .I was worrying and decided to take her to the hospital.
5
.But for the latter requiring them to speak may be worrying→worried
4 ,
embarrassed because they usually know nothing.
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋
A 组 语法填空题组 学生用书P79
Passage1(2021山西太原上学期期中改编) get the big stone out of the way.
4 ( )
Nowadays more and more Chinese are aware of food Then a villager came along carry a load of
, 5 ( )
waste issues. Even young people tend take home their vegetables. On approaching the big rock he stopped and laid
1 ( ) ,
leftovers when dine out most of whom would pack down his burden try hardtomovethestonetotheside
2 ( ) , , 6 ( )
the dish in a doggie bag if the leftovers are still in good shape of the road. After push many times he finally
7 ( ) ,
and there are also a lot left according to the survey succeeded. As the villager picked up his load of vegetables he
, 3 ,
conduct by China Youth Daily. The people bear in noticed apurse lie intheroadwheretherockhadbeen.
( ) 4 ( ) 8 ( )
the s or s believe that save food is a virtue. The purse contained many gold coins and a note from the king
1980 1990 5 ( ) ,
Young people also gave their opinions on how say that the gold was for the person who removed the
6 9 ( )
help reduce food waste. Some advised restaurants huge rock from the road.
( ) 7
offer the serving chopsticks which would be helpful for The villager learned a valuable lesson that many others
( ) ,
customers pack the leftovers. Others said it might be would never understand Every obstacle presents an opportunity
8 ( ) :
useful to promote smaller or half⁃portion dishes. Another good improve one􀆳s condition.
10 ( )
suggestion is that catering businesses give away coupons 优惠 答案
(
券 to customers who clear their plates at dinner. 1.to test
)
China launched a campaign against food waste in and 2.placed
2013
renewed the call early this year create an increasingly 3.keeping
9 ( )
prosperous society. We can all play a part in reach 4.to get
10 ( )
the national foodwaste reductiongoal toreduce foodwaste by 5.carrying
—
% in the next years. 6.trying
50 10
答案 7.pushing
1.to take 8.lying
2.dining 9.saying
3.conducted 10.to improve
4.born Passage3(2019安徽江淮十校上学期二次联考改编)
5.saving Whether they􀆳re playing on TV screens or printed in
6.to help newspapers advertsareeverywhere. Actually itisquitenormal
, ,
7.to offer for the average person live in a city see
1 ( ) 2 ( )
8.to pack thousands of ads every single day. However ads are not just a
,
9.to create tool for getting people buy things they also serve as a
3 ( ) ;
10.reaching window into cultures societies and history.
,
Passage2(2020河南许昌高级中学月考改编) Modern adverts began to appear in th and th
4 18 19
The story happened in ancient times. A king was so clever centuries since advances in printing techniques allowed more
,
that he thought of a good way test whether his men detailed images produce innewspapersandmagazines.
1 ( ) 5 ( )
were reliable. Looking at some of these early ads is like take a
6 ( )
One day hehada hugerock place ona roadway step back intimetoanotherworld. Forexample an advert
, 2 ( ) , 1881
at night. Then he hid himself nearby and watched carefully to for French cigarettes promised that its product would give
“
see if anyone would remove the big rock. Some wealthy immediate relief to a list of medical conditions including
” ,
businessmen andhighofficialscameby buttheysimplywalked breathe problems. And a US ad advised mothers
, 7 ( ) 1955
around it. Many of them even loudly blamed the king for not mix the sugary soft drink ⁃Up with their baby􀆳s milk.
8 ( ) 7
keep the roads clear but none of them would bother Nowadays of course the harmful effects of both smoking
3 ( ) , , ,
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋8 2 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
and sugarydrinkshavebeenwellknown. Althoughtheseadverts 3.to buy
seem unusual to us now perhaps future generations may 4.the
,
consider some of today􀆳s ads be just as strange. It 5.to be produced
9 ( )
believe that advertising can often be an indicator for 6.taking
10 ( )
what society considers to be socially acceptable and desirable at 7.breathing
the time. 8.to mix
答案 9.to be
1.living 10.is believed
2.to see
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋
B 组 短文改错题组 学生用书P80
Proofreading1(2021安徽“江淮十校”二次质检改编) Hopeful youwilltakemyapplicationintoconsideration.
,
My name is Jack. Know that the Student Union is looking
Hopefully􀀡􀀪
Looking forward to your reply.
for volunteers I am writing to making an application. Proofreading2(2020贵州贵阳普通高中摸底改编)
,
Dear Jack
I really want get this opportunity. By offer my service not ,
,
I􀆳m glad tolearningthatyouare interestinginthestudents􀆳
only will I be able to improve my oral English and
reading in your school. We have a grand library on a collection
communication skills but I can also make more friend. As an
,
of books and large reading rooms in which we have
outgoing boy I am warm⁃hearted and always enjoy help others. 200,000 5 ,
,
easy access to the network. Anyone fond of read is free to go
I once took part in an activity being organized by the local
there whenever they are available. A monthly activity is holding
community to offer help for some homeless people. Besides I
,
for students exchange their ideas about reading. Every autumn
am fluent in English so I have no difficulty communicate with
we have areadingfestivalwhere dramaperformancesare shown
English speakers. In a word I believe I am qualified for the
,
and distinguishing writers are invited.
position.
In the library books on history are my favorites from
, ,
Hopeful you will take my application into consideration.
,
which I get a better understand of human civilization and a
Looking forward to your reply.
progress both in China and abroad.
答案
Best wishes
My name is Jack. Know that the Student Union is
!
Knowing❶
Yours
looking for volunteers I am writing to makingan application. ,
,
make❷
Li Hua
I really want ∧ get this opportunity. By offer my
to❸ offering❹
答案
service not only will I be able to improve my oral English and
, Dear Jack
communication skills butIcanalsomakemore friend . Asan ,
, friends❺ I􀆳m glad tolearningthatyouare interesting inthestudents􀆳
outgoing boy I am warm⁃hearted and always enjoy help
learn❶ interested❷
, helping❻ reading in your school. We have a grand library on a
others. I once took part in an activity being❼organized by the
our❸ with❹
collection of books and large reading rooms in
200,000 5 ,
local community to offer help for some homeless people. which we have easy access to the network. Anyone fond of
to❽ read is free to go there whenever they are available. A
Besides I am fluent in English so I have no difficulty reading❺
,
communicate withEnglishspeakers. Inaword IbelieveIam monthly activity is holdingfor students ∧exchange their ideas
,
communicating❾ held❻ to❼
qualified for the position. about reading. Every autumn we have a reading festival where
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋专题五 动词的非谓语形式 8 3
drama performances are shown and distinguishing writers are across a product􀆳s basic message. Thus ads instead of make
, ,
distinguished❽
invited. people seemtobethesame contributegreatlytopeople􀆳sbetter
,
In the library books on history are my favorites from
, , life.
which I get a better understand of human civilization and
understanding❾
答案
a 􀀡􀀪 progress both in China and abroad.
Recently I􀆳ve done a survey in our class on what my
Best wishes
! classmates thinkingofads. Themajorityofmyclassmatestakea
Yours
, think❶
Li Hua
positive attitude to ads in that ads do bring us convenient .
Proofreading3(2020安徽合肥八校一次联考改编) convenience❷
Recently I􀆳ve done a survey in our class on what my Other studentsarguethatbeinglargely exposing toadsmaylead
exposed❸
classmates thinkingofads. Themajorityofmyclassmatestakea to thesameness ranged fromclothes shelterstotransportation.
,
ranging❹
positive attitude to ads in that ads do bring us convenient. Other From my point of the ❺ view I prefer the former
,
opinion to the latter for the followed reasons. The first reason
students argue thatbeinglargelyexposingtoadsmayleadtothe following❻
is rooting in the fact that there are various ads so that people
sameness ranged from clothes shelters to transportation. rooted❼
,
have various choices. Secondly without ads that would be
, ,
From my point of the view I prefer the former opinion to it❽
,
difficult ∧ get across a product􀆳s basic message. Thus ads
, ,
the latter for the followed reasons. The first reason is rooting in to❾
instead of make people seem to be the same contribute
,
the fact that there are various ads so that people have various making􀀡􀀪
greatly to people􀆳s better life.
choices. Secondly without ads that would be difficult get
, ,
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋