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第一部分
英语基础 专题五 动词的非谓语形式
知识
真题多维细目表
语法填空
卷名 短文改错
作主语 表语 定语 作宾语 作补语 作状语
、 、
of visiting visit
educated ①( ) ( )
全国乙 aim tohave
2021 educate ②( )
( ) have
( )
frying fried 定
① → ( )
课标全国 tofind find howto preparing
2020 Ⅰ ( ) ②( ) →
howto prepare 宾
( ) ( )
课标全国 by noting note toperform perform say saying 状
2019 Ⅰ ( ) ( ) ( ) → ( )
tosee see
① ( ) by sell
课标全国 dying die to strengthen ( ) →
2018 Ⅰ ( ) ②( ) by selling 宾
strength ( ) ( )
( )
课标全国 eating eat toprocess process
2017 Ⅰ ( ) ( )
小计 表
1( ) 5 1 4 4
课标全国 coming come decorated decorate tocare care
2020 Ⅱ ( ) ( ) ( )
plans toretire
①( )
课标全国 retire 定 for being be
2019 Ⅱ ( )( ) ( ) ( )
saying say 定
② ( )( )
toimprove
① askedto watching
课标全国 improve ( ) →
2018 Ⅱ ( ) askedto watch 宾
feeding feed ( ) ( )
② ( )
invite... pick
课标全国 laying lay ( ) →
2017 Ⅱ ( ) invite... topick 补
( ) ( )
小计 定
2( ) 3 1 3 2
dislike talk
全国甲 towalk walk 主 spending spend ( ) →
2021 ( ) ( ) ( ) dislike talking 宾
( ) ( )
课标全国 surrounding surround tofind find are forced后加to 补
2020 Ⅲ ( ) ( ) ( )
to opens to open 表
①( ) →( ) ( )
have tohave 补
课标全国 toget get 主 listening listen ② → ( )
2019 Ⅲ ( )( ) ( ) succeedin manage
③( ) →
succeedin managing 宾
( ) ( )
wait waiting 状
① → ( )
eagertake
challenged ②( )→
课标全国 looking look tostay stay eager to take 状
2018 Ⅲ challenge 表 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )( )
( )( ) 删除afraidthattospeak
③
中的that 状
( )
resting rest
课标全国 ① ( )
2017 Ⅲ toprove prove
② ( )
小计 主 表
2( )+1( ) 4 2 2 8
合计
6 12 4 9 14
命题规律与备考策略
命题规律 .五年高考语法填空中动词的非谓语形式的考频 由高到 备考策略 . 熟悉动词的非谓语形式命题特征 .牢记动词的非谓语
1 ( 1 。 2
低 为 作宾语 作状语 作补语 作表语 定语 主语 形式的句法功能 从而理清动词的非谓语形式的各种用法 . 重点掌
) : → → → 、 、 。 , 。 3
.五年高考短文改错中动词的非谓语形式的考频 由高到低 为 握动词的非谓语形式作宾语 状语 定语 补语的用法 .掌握动词的
2 ( ) : 、 、 、 。 4
作宾语 作状语 作补语 作表语 定语 非谓语形式作主语 表语的最基本用法
→ → → 、 。 、 。7 0 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
学生用书P68
概述 此外 afford strive happen 碰巧 wait threaten 等也要
, , , ( ), ,
用不定式作宾语
一、动词的非谓语形式 。
二、下列动词或词组一般用v.⁃ing形式(动名词)作宾语
形式 主动形式 被动形式
to do to be doing 口诀 对应动词(词组) 例句
, , to be done to
不定式 to have done to ,
, have beendone
have beendoing consider suggest/advise
肯定式 考虑建议 , , Thesquirrelswereluckythat
beingdone lookforwardto excuse/
v.⁃ing形式 doing havingdone , 盼原谅 , they just missed being
, havingbeendone pardon
caught.松鼠们很幸运没有
过去分词 done
被抓住
以上肯定形式前加not 如 nottodo notdoing notto 。
承认推迟 admit delay/put off
否定式 , : , , , , I would appreciate your
be done nothavingdone等
没得想 fancy 想要
, ( ) callingbackthisafternoon.
v.⁃ing形式
名词所有格 形容词性物主代词 动名词 我对你今天下午回电话表
复合结构 动名词 、 +
( ) 避免错过 avoid miss keep/ 示感谢
, , 。
不定式 forsb./sth. todo 继续练 keepon practice I can hardly imagine Peter
,
sailing across the Atlantic
二、动词的非谓语形式的句法功能
Ocean in five days.我几乎
状语 否认完成 deny finish enjoy/
, , 不能想象彼得在五天之内
主 宾 补 定 表 就欣赏 appreciate
动词的非谓语形式 时 原 条 伴 让 目 结 横渡大西洋
语 语 语 语 语 。
间 因 件 随 步 的 果
Hegotwellpreparedforthejob
禁止想象
不定式 forbid imagine risk interview for he couldnt risk
√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 才冒险 , , ,
v.⁃ing 动名词 losing the good opportunity.他
√ √ √ √
形式 现在分词 为这次工作面试做了充分
√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
不禁介意 canthelp mind 准备 因为他不能冒失去这
v.⁃ed形式 过去分词 , , ,
( ) √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 准逃亡 allow/permit escape 次好机会的风险
, 。
1
考点 动词的非谓语形式作宾语 注意
allow permit forbid advise consider后需加v.⁃ing形式
高考常考点 , , , ,
动名词 作宾语 但如果后面有名词或代词作宾语 则用
( ) , ,
一、下列动词一般用不定式作宾语 不定式作宾补
。
用法 例句
口诀 对应动词 例句
decide/determine
决心学会想 ,
learn want She pretended not to see We dont allow smoking
希望 , ,
expect/hope/wish me when I passed by.当 in the hall.我们不准有人
allow ü
拒绝设法愿 refuse , manage , 我 见我 经过时 , 她假装没看 permit ï ïï ì ï ï do 动 in 名 gs 词 th 作 . 宾语 在 Sm 大 ok 厅 in 内 g i 吸 s f 烟 or 。 bidden here
假装 care pretend 。 forbid ý í( )
, We agreed to meet here ï+ïsb. todosth. but you are allowed to
advise ï
主动答应选 offer , promise , but so far she hasnt considerþ ïï î ( 不定式作宾补 ) smoke over there.这里禁
计划 choose plan turnedupyet.我们约好了 止吸烟 但你可以去那
, ,
在这里见面 但是她到现 里吸
同意请求帮 agree , 。
, 在还没有露面
一帮 ask/beg help 。
,
专题五 动词的非谓语形式 7 1
三、下列动词或词组既可以跟 v.⁃ing 形式(动名词)作宾 .可将介词in省略的短语 句型
2 、
语,也可以跟不定式作宾语,但意义上有区别。 可将介词in省略的短语、句型 例句
用法 例句 spend... } I had no difficulty ( in )
making myself understood.
have difficulty (in)doing
ì ïï todosth.记着要做某事 ì ï ï Remembertolockthedoor. have a...time 我毫不费力地使别人明白
rememberí ïï ( do d i o ng 后 s 于 th.记 rem 得 e 做 mb 过 er 某 ) 事 í ïï 记 Ir 得 em 锁 em 门 b 。 erlockingthedoor. 了自己的意思 。
î do先于remember î我记得把门锁上了 五、“疑问词 不定式”结构作宾语
( ) 。 +
ìHestoppedtolookathim. 不定式作动词 词组 tell show understand explain
ì ïï todosth.忘记要做某事 ï ï 他停下来看着他 teach learn advise dis ( cuss a ) sk de , cide w , onder find , out 等的 ,
forget î í ïï ( do d d i o o ng 后 先 s 于 于 th.忘 f f o o r r 记 g g e e 做 t t ) 过某事 î í ïï I hi s m to . p 我 pe 停 dd 止 ig 挖 gin , g 看 a 。 n 着 d 他 loo 。 kedat 宾 wh 语 o等 时 , , 但 前 , w 面 h 常 y后 带 , 加 疑 不 问 带 词 t , o h 的 ow 不 , , 定 wh 式 at , , whether , , where , when ,
( ) ìIwilltrytoimprovemyhabit. , 。
ï 注意 此用法中的不定式的逻辑主语需与句子的主语或
ì ï tosay/tell/inform... ï我将尽力改进我的习惯 。 宾语保持 : 一致 否则用宾语从句
ï遗憾地说/告诉/通知 íTrydoingmoreexercise , 。
regretí ï ï ( do sa in y g /t s e t l h l . / 后 inf 悔 or 做 m 过 后 某 于 … 事 re … gret ) î ï ï a 试 nd 着 y 多 ou 运 w 动 ill 你 los 就 e 会 we 减 igh 肥 t. , 了 we sh H o e ul s d ho d w o e t d he u w s o h r o k w . ) t 他 o 给 do 我 th 们 e 演 wo 示 rk 怎 . ( 么 = H 做 e 这 sh 项 ow 工 ed 作 u 。 s how
î do先于regret , 。 I dont know what to do. I dont know what I should
( ) ì ï Hedidntmeantohurtyou. (=
{todosth.停下来做另外一 ï他并没打算伤害你
。
do.
)
我不知道做些什么
。
stop 件事 íRaisingsalarymeansincreasing We must decide whether to stay or go. We must decide
(=
doingsth.停下正在做的事 ï purchasingpower. whether well stay or go. 我们必须决定是留还是走
ï ) 。
{todosth.尽力做某事 î涨工资意味着提高购买力 Can you tell me why do it 你能告诉我为什么这么
try 。 ?
doingsth.试着做某事 ìThatcanthelptoimprove 做吗
ï
?
{todosth.打算做某事 ï yourEnglish.
mean doingsth.意味着做某事 ï 那对你提高英语水平没有帮助 课标必备点
í 。
ïShecouldnthelpbursting
一、动词的非谓语形式作need,want,require的宾语
canthelp
{todosth.不能帮助做某事
ï ï intotears.
doingsth.情不自禁做某事 î她禁不住突然大哭起来 用法 例句
。
{need s 需要 }
四、v.⁃ing形式(动名词)作介词的宾语 sb. ( )( ) todosth. He needs to leave at
want s 想要
无论是普通介词还是含介词的动词短语 一般情况下要 ( )( ) once.他需要立即离开
。
, Thewindowneedscleaning/
用v.⁃ing 动名词 形式作宾语 {need s } {doing
( ) 。 ( ) to be cleaned.这扇窗户
If you insist on doing something do it every day. sth. want ( s ) + ( 主动形式表被动 ) 需要擦一下
, require s tobedone 。
如果你坚持做某件事 那就每天做 ( )
, 。
After finishing his share of the work he went to help the 二、动词的非谓语形式作deserve beworth beworthy(of)
, , ,
others. 的宾语
他完成了自己的那部分工作以后 又去帮助别人 用法 例句
, 。
注意 ì {doing The place isworthvisiting.
ïdeserve
.to既可以作介词 又可以作不定式符号 因此要牢记含 ï + tobe done The place is worthy to be
=
1 , , í {tobe done visited. The place is
介词 to的常用短语
。
ïbe worthy
ofbeingdone worthy o
=
f being visited.这
ï
含介词to的短语 例句 îbe worthdoing 主动形式表被动 个地方值得参观
( ) 。
He is used to getting up 三、动词的非谓语形式作like love prefer的宾语
, ,
beusedto ( 习惯于 ) ü ï early.他习惯了很早起床 。 结构 例句
beaccustomedto 习惯于 ï Heart failure can sometimes
( )
beopposedto ( 反对 ) ï lead to being killed.心力衰 like}{todosth.偶然一次爱好
objectto ( 反对 ) ï 竭有时可能会导致死亡 love doingsth.长期爱好 Ilikeswimming , butIdontlike
leadto ( 导致 ) ï ï I was so angry that I c 。 ame toswimthis afternoon.我喜欢游
b co e m d e ev c o l t o e s d e t t o o ( ( 献 差 身 不 于 多 ) ) ý ï ï doing c 生 lo 气 se 以 to 至 hitt 于 ing 差 h 点 im. 儿 我 打 如此 他 { would l l i o k v e e } todosth. } 很 做 想 某 要 事 泳 I co w f , f 但 o e u e. 今 l 我 d 天 想 lik 下 喝 e 午 杯 to 不 咖 h 想 啡 av 游 e 泳 a 。 cup of
stickto ( 坚持 , 坚守 ) ï 一顿 feellikedoingsth. We allfeellikeceleb 。 rating.我们
getdownto ( 着手 ) ï 。 都想庆祝一番
payattentionto
(
注意
)
ï
ï
He was reduced to begging {preferdoing...todoing...
Iprefer singin
。
gtodancing.与跳
reducesb./sth.to ( 使沦为 ) þ in the street.他沦落到沿街 prefertodo...ratherthando... 舞相比 我更喜欢唱歌
乞讨 与做 相比 更喜欢做 , 。
。 …… , ……
7 2 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
四、动词不定式在but other than后面时,如果前面有行为 decorate for we will marry next year.
, ( ),
动词do的某种形式,那么后面的不定式不带to,否则就要 .The poor boy can do nothing but study study hard.
7 ( )
带to。 另外在cant choose but cant help but 只好 cant .I regret to state state that you are all late for the
, ( ), 8 ( )
but 只得 had better would rather 后面的不定式也要省 meeting.
( ), ,
略to。 .We determined to fulfill fulfill our dream of going to
9 ( )
I cannot butagreetohisterms. 我不得不同意他的条件 Peking University for further study.
。
I cant choose but laugh.我只能笑了 .Any country cant escape being punished punish if
。 10 ( )
All I could do was go home. 我所能做的就是回家 it attempts to destroy the interests of other countries.
。
.When at school teachers are sure to forbid us to go
11 ,
go out to the downtown alone.
( )
.Dont mention it any more As you know we have
12 ! ,
一、语法填空
already been accustomed to living live in the school
( )
1.设空处前为及物动词 设空处后的提示词为动词 一般
, , dormitory.
考查动词的非谓语形式作宾语
。 .Now itnotonlydevotesitselfto selling sell books
13 , ( ) ,
2.关注谓语动词是不是只能用不定式作宾语的动词 如
( but combines the functions of the bookstore the café and the
,
decide refuse等 如果是 需填入不定式形式
sale of creative cultural products.
, ), , 。
3.关注谓语动词是不是只能用 v.⁃ing形式作宾语的动
.But if you do find it difficult to fall fall asleep at
14 ( )
词 如 enjoy practice suggest 等 如果是 需填入 v.⁃ing
night then you should avoid naps and try to build up healthy
( , , ), ,
,
形式
sleepiness in the evening.
。
4.有些谓语动词既可以加不定式 又可以加 v.⁃ing 形式
.Paststudieshaveshownalinkbetweensleepinglessand
,
15
作宾语 但意义有所不同 如remember forget等 遇到这些
weighing more but scientists have had difficulty determining
, ( , ),
,
词时 看提示词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示动作的先后
determine Which came first the chicken or the egg says
,
( ) “ , ?”
关系 如果提示词所表示的动作先于谓语动词所表示的动作
Julie from the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor.
:
发生 设空处填v.⁃ing形式 如果提示词所表示的动作后于谓
.It is a part of becoming become an independent man.
, ;
16 ( )
语动词所表示的动作发生 设空处填不定式形式
.In my mind theyre helping us to become calm and
, 。
17 ,
5.注意介词后需用v.⁃ing形式作宾语 此外要格外重视 consider winning win and solving real problems as well.
。 ( )
有关介词to的短语 如be used to stick to等 该结构中的to
, , , Ⅱ.单句改错
为介词 不是不定式符号 因此只能用v.⁃ing形式作宾语
, , 。
.Instead of seek shelter my parents suggested we help a
6.牢记用v.⁃ing的主动形式作宾语 但表示被动意义的
1 ,
,
couple of stall owners pack their books.
动词 它们是表示 需要 的 need want require 和表示 值
, “ ” , , “
seek→seeking
得 的deserve be worth
” , 。
.Mobile phone addicts cant help check their mobile
2
二、短文改错
phones all day even when they are walking on the road.
,
1.检查是否该用不定式符号to check→checking
。
2.检查不定式 v.⁃ing形式的用法是否正确 .In the beginning I wasnt used to talk to strangers.
、 。 3 ,
3.检查介词后的动词的非谓语形式是否正确 talk→talking
。
.It was Friday early in the morning. I did not want go to
4 ,
school so I told my mother that I got a fever.
,
Ⅰ.单句填空
want后加to
. The discovery of new evidence led to the thief
1 .He hopes create an environment for his students that is
5
being caught catch .
( ) much more relaxing than the one he used to study in.
.The man insisted on finding find a taxi for me even
hopes后加to
2 ( )
though I told him I lived nearby.
.According to a recent U.S. survey children spend up to
2
3 ,
hours a week watching watch TV. 考点 动词的非谓语形式作状语
25 ( )
.Isnt it time you got down to marking mark the
4 ( ) 动词的非谓语形式作状语的基本原则
papers :
? 动词的非谓语形式作状语时 其逻辑主语必须与句子的
.Oh my god I didnt mean to hurt hurt him But ,
5 , , ( ) ! , 主语保持一致 即动词的非谓语形式作状语必须和句子主语
but I am so sorry now. ,
, 含有逻辑上的主动或被动关系
. My new house needs to be decorated/decorating 。
6
专题五 动词的非谓语形式 7 3
高考常考点 二、v.⁃ing形式(现在分词)、过去分词作状语
1.分词作状语时其形式的选择
一、不定式作状语
形式 意义 例句
1.不定式作目的状语
形式 位置 例句 与句子主语为逻辑
上的主动关系 与句 Hestoodthere smiling
to 动 词 In order to/To make a study of , ,
+ 句首 句中 doing 子谓语动词动作同 atme.
原形 , kangaroos he went to Australia.为了
, 时发生 或基本上同 他站在那里对我微笑
, 。
研究袋鼠 他去了澳大利亚
inorderto , 。 时发生
+ 句首 句中 Her mother plans to fly to Beijing at
动词原形 , 与句子主语为逻辑 Having finished the
least four times a year so as to/in
掌 having 上的主动关系 先于 work I felt very
soasto 动 orderto/tovisither.她的母亲计划每 , ,
+ 句中 握 done 句子谓语动词动作 relaxed.完成作业后
词原形 年至少四次飞到北京去看她 ,
。 发生 我感到非常放松
。
2.不定式作结果状语
Givenenoughtime we
形式 意义 例句 与句子主语为逻辑 ,
are suretodoitwell.如
Whathave Idone tooffendyou done 上的被动关系 表
to 动词原形 结果 ? , 果给予我们足够的时
+ …… 我做什么了结果把你冒犯了 完成
? 间 我们一定能做好
结果却 , 。
…… Jane hurried back only to find that
only to 动词 表示意外
+ ( hermother had left.简匆忙赶回来 与句子主语为逻辑 Being taught by the
原形 的或事与愿
却发现她的母亲已经离开了 上的被动关系 且与 teacher I made great
违的结果 。 beingdone , ,
) 谓语动词动作同时 progress. 由于老师的
so 形容词或 如此 Im not so stupid a fool as to
+ …… ( ) 发生 教导 我进步很大
副词 as to 以至 write it down.我不至于愚蠢到把 , 。
+ + 了
动词原形 于 它写下来
…… 。 解 The man having been
与句子主语为逻辑 ,
too...to 动词 太 以至 Im tootiredtostayupanylonger.
+ …… disturbed so badly
havingbeen 上的被动关系 且先 ,
原形 于不能 我太累了 不能再熬夜了
…… , 。 , almostlosthismemory.
done 于谓语动词动作
注意 由于被严重困扰 这个
发生 ,
人几乎失去了记忆
在only too...to...结构中 too...to...不是 太 而不能 。
, “ ……
之意 而是 非常 相当于 very...to... 与 2.分词作状语的句法功能
……” , “ ……”, “ ”。
only too...to...搭配的形容词常见的有 pleased ready
, , 句法功能 例句
willing glad happy等
, , 。 Whenofferedhelp one oftensays Thankyou or Its
Im only too glad to have passed the exam. Im very 时间 , “ ” “
(= kindofyou .当被提供帮助的时候 人们常说 谢谢
glad to have passed the exam. 考试及格了 我非常高兴 状语 ” , “
) , 。 你 或 你真好
3.不定式作原因状语 ” “ ”。
Having been separated from other continents for
用法 常用词 例句
millions ofyears Australiahasmanyanimalsandplants
原因 ,
happy glad sorry You will never know not foundinanyothercountryintheworld.和其他大陆
形容词作表语时 , , , 状语
, anxious proud howhappyIwastosee 分离了数百万年 澳大利亚有许多在世界上任何别的
后面可接不定式 , , ,
disappointed heryesterday. 国家都找不到的动植物
作原因状语 用以 , 。
, angry surprised 你永远不会知道昨天
说明产生这种情 , , Generally speaking if taken according to the
ready delighted 看到她时 我是多么 条件 ,
绪的原因 , , , instructions the drug has no side effects.一般来说 如
pleased 高兴 状语 , ,
。 果按照用法说明服用 这种药没有副作用
, 。
4.不定式的主动形式表被动意义
He glancedather noticingthatthoughshewastiny she
结果 , ,
用法 常用词 例句 seemedverywell.他匆匆地看了一下她 注意到她虽
状语 ,
然很纤弱 但看起来非常健康
在 主语 系动词 表 , 。
“ + +
语 ( 形容词 )+ to do ” 结 easy hard difficult This question is easy 让步 Havingbeentoldmanytimes , hestillrepeatedthesame
构中 句子的主语与动 , , , toanswer. mistake.虽然被告诉过好多次了 但他仍然重复犯同
, important impossible 状语 ,
词不定式有逻辑上的 , , 这个问题容易回答 样的错误
interestingpleasant 。 。
被动关系 且形容词表 , , This book is difficult
, nice comfortable
示主语的特征或性质 , , to understand.这本 伴随 The teacher came into the lab followed by some
, safe dangerous ,
这时 需用不定式的主 , 书很难理解 状语 students.老师进了实验室 后面跟着一些学生
, 。 , 。
动形式表示被动意义
7 4 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
三、独立成分作状语 如果句子主语与提示词为逻辑上的被动关系 提
(2) :①
示词表示的动作表示谓语动词的目的时 填不定式的一般式
定义 常见独立成分 例句 ,
的被动式 tobe done 如果提示词表示的动作不表示谓语
( );②
generallyspeaking一般来说 Judging from his
动词的目的 一般填过去分词 done
, ( )。
有些分词或 franklyspeaking坦白地说 accent he is from
, 2.根据句式判断
不定式短语 judgingfrom/by...根据 Hong Kong.从他
…… be glad happy eager 等表示喜怒哀乐等的形容词
作状语 其形 来判断 的口音判断 他是 (1) + , , ,
, , 后填不定式作状语
式的选择不 considering.../taking...into 香港人 ;
。 only 不定式 作结果状语 表示意外的或事与愿违
受上下文的 consideration考虑到 To tell you the (2)“ + ” ,
…… 的结果
影响 被称为 totellyouthe truth说实话 truth I am a little 。
, ,
3.提示词为动词原形 但设空处前有名词或代词作提示
独立成分 compared to/with 与 tired.说实话 我有
…… , ,
相比 点累 词的逻辑主语 这时要考虑该题考查独立主格结构
。 , 。
4.注意诸如 generally speaking 等独立成分作状语的
课标必备点 用法
。
独立主格结构 二、短文改错
动词的非谓语形式作状语时 它的逻辑主语应和句子主 1.检查并列结构中动词的非谓语形式是否一致
, ;
语保持一致 但有时它带有自己的逻辑主语 并在句子中作 2.检查作状语的动词的非谓语形式与主语的逻辑关系
。 , ;
状语 我们称之为独立主格结构 3.检查作状语的动词的非谓语形式是否符合固定句式
, 。 ,
1.独立主格结构的构成 如be eager to do sth.结构
。
名词/代词 分词 名词/代词 不定式 with/
① + ;② + ;③
without 名词/代词 分词/不定式
+ + 。
Ⅰ.单句填空
2.独立主格结构的特点
.Anxiously she took the dress out of the package and
独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同 它独立
1 ,
① ,
tried it on only to find find it didnt fit.
存在
, ( )
;
.Clearly and thoughtfully written write the book
独立主格结构中作逻辑主语的名词或代词与后面的
2 ( ),
②
inspires confidence in students who wish to seek answers of
分词或不定式是逻辑上的主动或被动关系
;
their own.
独立主格结构一般有逗号与句子分开
③ 。
.Group activities will be organized after class to help
Thetestfinished Whenthetestwasfinished webegan
3
(= ),
help children develop team spirit.
our holiday.考试结束后 我们就开始放假了
( )
, 。
. Having spent spend the past year as an exchange
The president assassinated Because the president was
4 ( )
(=
student in Hong Kong Linda appears maturer than those of
assassinated the whole country was in deep sorrow.
,
),
her age.
总统被暗杀了 全国上下沉浸在深深的悲痛之中
, 。
. The lecture having been given give a lively
Weather permitting If weather permits we are going
5 ( ),
(= ),
question⁃and⁃answer session followed.
to visit you tomorrow.如果天气允许 我们明天去看你
, 。
.Here are some tipstohelpyouinmanagingstressaround
I stood before her with my heart beating fast.
6
exam time...Its a good idea to talk to your classmates and
我站在她面前 心脏跳得很快
, 。
teachers to share share fears.
( )
. Hosted host by Jinan Municipal Peoples
7 ( )
Government the winter swimming race has been held for seven
,
一、语法填空 successive years.
提示词为动词原形 设空处说明谓语动词的时间 原因 .Anditmade me thinkthatmaybe Ineedtosettimeaside
, 、 、 8
条件 方式等 可断定设空处考查动词的非谓语形式作状语 to tell tell thepeopleinmylife howmuchIappreciate what
、 , 。 ( )
1.根据逻辑关系判断 they did.
首先找到句子的主语 然后根据句子主语与提示词的逻 .On the other side many Chinese systems have been
, 9 ,
辑关系判断动词的非谓语形式 created to earn earn money.
。 ( )
如果主语与提示词为逻辑上的主动关系 提示词 .An archaeological 考古 survey using use
(1) :① 10 ( ) , ( )
表示的动作后于句子谓语表示的动作发生或提示词表示谓 advanced technologies has concluded that the Ming walls
,
语动词的目的时 填不定式 to do 形式 如果提示词表示 measure km.
, ( ) ;② 8,850
的动作说明谓语动词的时间 原因 条件 结果等或提示词表 .Throughout Sandras life she had to move between
、 、 、 11 ,
示的动作与谓语动词表示伴随关系 填现在分词 doing 形 cities never allowing allow hermuchtimetogetsettledin
, ( ) , ( )
式 如果提示词所表示的动作先于谓语动词发生 则填现 one place.
;③ ,
在分词的完成式 having done . Seeing see the news of its return to Yiwu Jins
( )。 12 ( ) ,
专题五 动词的非谓语形式 7 5
mother encouraged him to write about it and then send the letter 她是第一个在奥运会上获得金牌的女性
。
to Queen Elizabeth . He was the only person to survive the plane crash.
Ⅱ
.In the show the hosts and guests should complete tasks 他是这次飞机失事中唯一的幸存者
13 , 。
at a given place to win win the race.
( )
2.有些名词的同源动词常跟不定式作宾语 而这些名词
,
. Would you like me to wrap it for you she asked
14“ ?” , 也常跟不定式作定语 常见的有 wish decision refusal
smiling smile again. , : , , ,
( ) arrangement intention agreement hope need plan
. Compared compare with the traditional trade , , , , , ,
15 ( ) promise failure attempt offer,warning等。
mode they dont have to spend money in renting a house. , , ,
,
However there are still some disadvantages to online shopping. 例句 比较
,
Ⅱ.单句改错 I dont trust his promise to come
He promised to come for a
.We gathered at the Sunshine Square and gave out leaflets for a visit.我不相信他来访的
1 visit.他答应了要来访
to passers⁃by tell them the importance of environmental 诺言 。
, 。
protection.
He said he had no plans to go
tell→telling He didntplantogothere.
there.他说他没有要去那里的
.Then we were making dumplings together with the old 他没有计划去那里
2 , 计划 。
talking and laugh. 。
laugh→laughing Hemadeanattempttostandup. He attemptedtostandup.
.Iwenttotheseasidetospendingmysummerholidaywith 他试图站起来 他试图站起来
3 。 。
my family.
3.有些名词的同源形容词常跟不定式作状语 而这些名
spending→spend ,
词也常跟不定式作定语 常见的有 ability anxiety
.We often regret that we didnt seize those opportunities , : , ,
4 ,
thus feel upset. eagerness willingness readiness patience obligation
, , , , ,
feel→feeling determination等。
.Watch the flag rising in the brilliant sun we were quite
5 , 例句 比较
excited and proud of our motherland.
Watch→Watching His eagerness to get back home
He was eager to get back
.Have classes in such a beautiful environment we feel wasquite obvious.
6 , home.他急于回家
very happy. 很明显他急于回家 。
。
Have→Having
A good teacher must have the
.Seeing from the top the city is extremely beautiful. He is able to make himself
7 , ability to make himself
Seeing→Seen understood.他有能力把自己的
understood.一个好教师必须有把
.In addition attracting by interesting topics you are free 意思说清楚
8 , , 自己的意思说清楚的能力 。
to get involved in the weekly discussion. 。
attracting→attracted 4.有些名词常用不定式作定语说明其内容,它们是:
.After school I went back home in time to help my chance opportunity reason way, effort measure
9 , , , , , ,
parents do some housework while enjoy some light music.
movement power right skill strength struggle idea等。
enjoy→enjoying , , , , , ,
He has a strange way to make his classes lively and
.Dressing in black he was playing with a smartphone
10 , interesting.他有一种奇怪的方法使他的课既生动又有趣
while eating. 。
Volunteering gives you a chance to change lives
Dressing→Dressed ,
including your own.志愿工作让你有一个可以改变生活的机
3 会 包括你自己的生活
考点 动词的非谓语形式作定语 , 。
5.被修饰词是作定语的不定式的动作的执行者 动词不
,
高考常考点 定式所表示的动作一般后于谓语动词所表示的动作或在将
来发生。
一、不定式作定语
He hadnophotographstoremindhimofthepast. 他没有
1.当名词被序数词或the only the next the last, the
, ,
right修饰,且该名词是作定语的非谓语形式表示的动作的 使他想起过去的照片 remind后于had
。 ( )
执行者时,用不定式的主动形式作定语。 Is there anybody to carry on the work 有人要继续这项
?
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the 工作吗 to carry on表示将来
? ( )
Olympic Games.
7 6 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
6.have sth. to do与have sth. to be done的区别 续表
相同处 区别 例句 形式 用法 例句
Ihave a letter to post so I cant
have sth. to ,
被修饰的名词与分 Things lost never come
goswimmingwithyou.我有一封信 “
do句型中 to
都 有 有 , 需要我 要寄出 因此我不能和 过去分词 词动作为被动关系 , again !” I couldnt help
“ do 的执行者 ( ) , 表动作已经完成或 talking to myself. 我不禁自
要做 你一起去游泳
…… ” 是 句 子 的 。 表状态 言自语道 覆水难收啊
的意思 不 Shehasalotofthingstoattendto. :“ !”
, 主语
定式必须 她有许多事情 ( 需要她 ) 处理 。 2.不及物动词的分词形式作定语
是及物动 have sth. to I have a letter to be posted. Can
形式 用法 示例
词或相当 be done 句型 youhelp me 我有一封信想让别
于及物动 中 tobedone 人替我寄出去 ? 你能帮我一下吗 {boilingwater正沸腾的水
词的短语 的 , 执行者不 Do you have , any clothes to ? be v.⁃ing 表动作正在进行 boiledwater白开水
“ {fallingleaves正在下落的叶子
是主语 而是 washed asked the maid.女仆问
, ?” : fallenleaves落叶
另有其人 您有衣服要洗吗
“ ?”
过去分词 表动作已经完成
{developingcountries发展中国家
注意 developedcountries发达国家
作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词 或者不定式所修饰 3.英语中有些表示感觉的动词,其现在分词形式表示
,
的名词或代词是不定式表示的动作的地点 工具等 不定 “令人……的”,过去分词形式表示“感到……的”。
、 ,
{an exciting voice令人兴奋的声音
式后面需有相应的介词
。
an excited voice兴奋的声音
The Browns have a comfortable house to live in.
{a puzzling expression令人困惑的表情
布朗一家有一所住起来舒适的房子
。 a puzzled expression困惑的表情
Do you havea cuptodrinkwater with 你有用来喝水的
?
用所给动词的适当形式填空
杯子吗
? He was reading a book written write by Mark Twain.
但是 不定式所修饰的名词如果是time place或way 时 ⑤ ( )
, , , The man talking talk to Tim is his uncle.
不定式后面的介词习惯上省去 ⑥ ( )
。
三、v.⁃ing形式(动名词)作定语
He had no place to live.他没有地方住
。
动名词作定语 动名词用来说明被修饰词的用途 如
单句填空 , 。 :
a fishing net渔网 a net for fishing
(= )
Theymade adecision to put put offthemeetinguntilnext a swimming pool游泳池 a pool for swimming
① ( ) (= )
week.
易混易错点
There is no need to build build a dam across the small
② ( )
river. to be done being done和done作定语的区别
,
Her eagerness to work work will please the boss.
形式 用法 例句
③ ( )
I want to buy a brush to paint with . The question to be discussed at
④
表 被 动 tomorrows meeting is very important.
tobe done 、
二、v.⁃ing形式(现在分词)、过去分词作定语 将来 明天在会上将要讨论的问题非常
重要
1.及物动词的分词形式作定语 。
Listen The song being sung is very
表被动 正 !
形式 用法 例句 beingdone 、 popular with the students.听 正唱着
在进行 !
的这首歌非常受学生们的欢迎
。
被修饰的名词与分 Have you read the novel written by
表 被 动
词动作为逻辑上的 I have never seen a more done 、 Dickens 你读过狄更斯写的这部小
完成 ?
v.⁃ing 主动关系 v.⁃ing 形 moving movie.我从未看过 说吗
, ?
式表示被修饰名词 一部更感人的电影了
。 用所给动词的适当形式填空
的特征
There are still many problems to be solved solve before
⑦ ( )
被修饰的名词与分 we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
The houses being built are
词动作为逻辑上的 Prices ofdailygoods bought buy throughacomputercan
beingdone forthe teachers.正在建的那 ⑧ ( )
被动关系且表示该 be lower than store prices.
些房子是为老师建的
动作正在进行 。
专题五 动词的非谓语形式 7 7
.There is a note pinned to the door saying say when
7 ( )
the supermarket will open again.
一、语法填空 .Online many of them argued that the shows delayed
8 ,
提示词为动词 设空处前面或后面是名词或代词 很有 delay transmission broke their childrens concept of
, , ( )
可能考查动词的非谓语形式作定语 punctuality andalsocriticizedthenon⁃commercialTVshowfor
。 ,
1.根据名词解题 surrendering to commercial advertisements.
当名词前有 the only the next the last the right 修 .Over delegates 代表 chosen choose from a
(1) , , , 9 2,000 ( ) ( )
饰 且该名词是作定语的非谓语形式表示的动作的执行者 group of around millionpartymembersacrossthe nationwill
, 89
时 用不定式作定语 attend the th National Congress of the Communist Party of
, ; 20
当名词的同源动词用不定式作宾语时 这些名词 如 China.
(2) , (
wish decision refusal arrangement等 需用不定式作定语 .XionganNewArea located locate tothesouthwest
, , , ) ; 10 , ( )
当名词的同源形容词用不定式作状语时 这些名词 of Beijing covers an area of about square kilometers.
(3) , , 2,000
如ability anxiety eagerness等 需用不定式作定语 .Most colleges now offer first⁃year students a course
( , , ) 。 11
2.根据逻辑关系解题 specially designed design to help them succeed
( )
如果被修饰词与提示词所表示的动作为逻辑上的主 academically and personally.
(1)
动关系 可能用不定式的主动式 to do 或现在分词作定语 .I am fond of the plan to go go on a trip to Hainan
, ( ) ; 12 ( )
如果被修饰词与提示词所表示的动作为逻辑上的被 next month.
(2)
动关系 用不定式的被动式 to be done 作定语表示将来 用 .The flowers smelling smell sweet in the botanic
, ( ) , 13 ( )
现在分词的被动式 being done 作定语表示 正在被 garden attract visitors to the beauty of nature.
( ) “ ……”,
用过去分词形式作定语表示 已经被
“ ……”; Ⅱ.单句改错
如果被修饰词与提示词所表示的动作没有逻辑上的
(3) .I want to buy a brush to paint.
主动或被动关系 提示词表示被修饰词的用途 用动名词作 1
, , paint后加with
定语 如reading room
( )。 .One Friday afternoon I went to a cellphone store and
3.根据固定句式解题 如 There is no need to do sth./ 2 ,
, : chose a large button phone specially designing for seniors.
There is something to do或There is something to be done等
。 designing→designed
二、短文改错
.After I followed the advice giving by my teacher I
3 ,
1.首先要看作定语的是不是动词的非谓语形式 谓语动 finally overcame the fear.
,
词不能作定语 giving→given
。
2.如果错误处是动词的非谓语形式作定语 需检查所用 .Soldiers came to rescue those burying under the ruins
, 4 ,
非谓语形式是否正确 and the government provided food clothes and shelters for the
。 , ,
3.作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词 或者不定式所修 homeless.
,
饰的名词或代词是不定式所表示的动作的地点 工具等 看 burying→buried
、 ,
不定式后面是否有相应的介词
。
4
考点 动词的非谓语形式作补语
Ⅰ.单句填空
高考常考点
.However our discussions are more than just a way
1 ,
to practice practice our debating skills. 不定式作补语
( )
.I was watching the clock all through the meeting as I 1.后接不定式作宾语补足语的动词、动词词组
2 ,
had a train to catch catch . advise allow ask beg cause ü
( ) , , , , , ï
.Its amazing amaze news that we will go on a encourage expect forbid force ï
3 ( ) , , , ,
research course 研学 next weekend. get intend invite like love ïï
( ) , , , , , ý 宾语 to do
.The fellow being treated treat by doctors now is order persuade prefer remind ï+ +
4 ( ) , , , ,
exactly my cousin. require teach tell want warn ï
, , , , , ïï
.Itsnecessarytodrink boiled boil watereveryday but wish wait for call on depend on等þ
5 ( ) , , , ,
fewpeople can drink up boiling boil water in one minute. You are not allowed to smoke here.这里不允许吸烟
( ) 。
.Actually it is quite normal for the average person living The doctor warned him not to eat too much meat.
6 ,
live in a city to see thousands of ads every single day. 医生告诫他不要吃太多的肉
( ) 。
7 8 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
2.常用不定式作主语补足语的句型 Dont let your child play with matches.
ìsaid ü 别让你的孩子玩火柴
ï ï
。
ïbelieved ï Let the work be done immediately.工作要马上去做
ï known ï ìdo sth.让 做某事} 宾语与宾 。
ï ï ï …… (
ïsupposed ï ïdoing sth.使 持 补为逻辑上
sb./sth. beí ý to do sth. ï ……
ïreported ï+ have 宾语 í续做某事 的主动关系
ïconsideredï
(3) + +ï
done使 被做 宾语与宾补为
)
ï ï ï ï …… (
found î逻辑上的被动关系
ï ï
ï ï )
îthought þ ì 宾语与宾补
ïto do sth.使 做某事}(
Heat is considered to be a form of energy. ï …… 为逻辑上的
ïdoing sth.使 做某事
热能被认为是能量的一种形式 get 宾语 í …… 主动关系
Youre supposed to pay the bill
。
by Friday.
(4) + +ï
done使 被做 宾语与宾补为逻
)
辑
你应该在星期五前结清这笔账 î ï ï 上的被动 … 关 … 系 (
。
)
He is said to have gone abroad.
He got me to post the letter for him.
It is said that he has gone abroad.
(= ) 他让我替他寄信
据说他出国了 。
。 The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after
a short rest.休息了片刻之后 上尉让士兵们朝前线行进
易混易错点 , 。
Ill get my bike repaired tomorrow.
一、动词的非谓语形式作感官动词、使役动词的宾补
我明天要 请人 修一下我的自行车
( ) 。
1.感官动词see,watch,observe,notice,hear,feel 易错提示 下列动词(词组)在主动语态中用不带 to 的
的宾语补足语有四种形式,以see 为例: 不定式作宾语补足语,但在被动语态中要加上to:它们是“吾
ì
ïdoing sth.看见 正在做某事}(
宾语与宾补 看三室两厅一感觉”———
5
看(look at,see,watch,notice,
ï …… 为逻辑上的 observe); 使(make,let,have); 听(listen to,hear); 感觉
see
ïï do sth.看见
……
做了∙某∙事∙
主动关系 (feel)。
3 2 1
+ í ∙∙ )
宾语 ï 宾语与宾补
+ being done看见 正在被做}( 二、动词的非谓语形式作 leave keep find catch 及介词
ï …… 为逻辑上的 , , ,
ïïdone看见 被做 ∙∙∙∙ with的宾补
î …… 被动关系
∙∙ ) ìsb./sth doing sth.让某人/物处于某种状态
I heard her sing an English song just now. ï
ï 宾语与宾语补足语之间是逻辑上的主动
刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌 主动 完成 (
。 ( , ) ï关系 表示动作正在进行
I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her ï , )
sth undone留下某事未做 宾语与宾语补足
room yesterday.昨天经过她房间时 我听见她正在唱一首英文 ïï (
, 1.leave í语之间是逻辑上的被动关系 表示被动和完成
歌 主动 正在进行 ï , ,
。 ( , ) 一般以undone unfinished unsettled untouched
I heardanEnglishsongbeingsungbythelittlegirlwhen ï , , ,
ï为多
I passed by her room yesterday. )
ïsb to do sth.留下某人去做某事} 不定式表示
昨天经过那个小女孩的房间时 我听见她正在唱一首英 ï (
, îsth to be done留下某事要做 将来的动作
文歌 被动 正在进行 )
。 ( , ) Its wrong to leave the machine running.
Id like to see the plan carried out.
让机器一直运转着是不对的 主动 正在进行
我想看到这个计划被执行 被动 没有一定的时间性 。 ( , )
。 ( , ) Theguestsleftmostofthedishesuntouched becausethey
2.使役动词 make,let,have,get 后接复合宾语的 ,
didnt taste delicious.
情况
大部分的菜客人们动都没动 因为它们尝起来不可口
ì ï do...让 …… 做 …… , 。
ï 宾语与宾补为逻辑上的主动关系 被动 完成
( , )
make 宾语 í( )
(1) + +ïdone让 被做 He left
,
leaving me to do all the rest of work.
î ï 宾语与 … 宾 … 补为逻辑上的被动关系 他走了 留下我一个人去做剩余的所有工作 主动
, 。 ( ,
( )
He made his workers work hours a day. 将来
12 )
他让他的工人们一天工作 个小时 We hurriedly ended our meeting leaving many problems
12 。 ,
He tried to make himself understood. tobesettled.我们匆匆忙忙地结束了会议 留下了很多问题等
,
他尽量把自己的意思表达清楚了 待解决 被动 将来
。 。 ( , )
ìdo...让 做 {sb./sth doing sth.使某人/物一直做某事
ï …… ……
ï 宾语与宾补为逻辑上的主动关系 2.keep sb./sth done使某人/物被 表示被动且完
let 宾语 í( ) ……(
(2) + +ïbe done让 被做 成 或表示状态
ï …… , )
î 宾语与宾补为逻辑上的被动关系 Keep the engine running.别让发动机熄火
( ) 。
专题五 动词的非谓语形式 7 9
You should keep me informed of his whereabouts.你应该
让我了解他的行踪
。
ìsb doing sth.发现某人正在做某事 Ⅰ.单句填空
ï
ïsb./sth done 发现某人/物已经 .Some students will feel a growing sense of fear with the
3.findí …… 1
ï 表完成或状态 exam season approaching approach while others may
ï( ) ( )
îsb./sth. to be...发现某人/物 appear fairly calm.
……
We found him to be dishonest.我们发现他不诚实
.He watched a spider making make a web.
。
2 ( )
Often I found her quietly weeping alone.
.InShanxi peoplegettheirhair cut cut inasymbolic
我经常发现她独自默默流泪 3 , ( )
。 move to remove the old and embrace the new.
I found him buried in a novel.
. That means tobacco manufactures will be forced
我发现他在埋头读一本小说 4
。 to pack pack their cigarettes in plain packets.
4.catch sb doing sth.撞见某人正在做某事 ( )
.Apart from the massive size it also has unmatched
I caught John reading my private letters. 5 ,
accuracy and sensitivity allowing scientists to find find
我撞见约翰在偷看我的私人信件 , ( )
。 previously hidden stars.
ìsb./sth doing 表主动且进行 或表特征
ï ( , ) .During the Qin dynasty to keep the enemy out of his
ïsth being done 表被动且进行 6 ,
5.withí ( ) empire Emperor Qin Shihuang had all walls joined join up.
ïsth done 表被动且完成 或表状态 , ( )
î ï sth to do ( 表示将来 , ) 7 .Chinas image is improving steadily , with more
( ) countries recognizing recognize its role in
John received an invitation to dinner and with his work ( )
, international affairs.
finished he gladly accepted it.约翰收到了一份宴请函并且他
, .I need a new passport so I will have to have my
的工作也完成了 于是他欣然接受了邀请 8 ,
, 。 photograph taken take .
With a lot of difficult problems to settle the newly ( )
, .Some students break this rule and some even play with
elected president is having a hard time.因为有很多难题要解 9
their smartphones in class which makes teachers discouraged
决 这位新当选总统的日子不好过 ,
, 。 discourage .
( )
.In short it is a grateful heart that makes us become
10 ,
become kind people and create a harmonious environment.
( )
. It was mainly for this reason that the Brazilian
一、语法填空 11
government decided to have a new city built build
1.弄清概念 ( ) 600
miles north⁃west of Rio de Janeiro.
首先要明白什么是宾语补足语 牢记宾语与宾语补足
。 .When I got into the office I found Mr. Green buried
语之间的关系为逻辑上的主谓关系或逻辑上的主系表关系 12 ,
。 bury in his work without noticing my arrival.
2.弄清是否考查动词的非谓语形式作宾补 ( ) ,
Ⅱ.单句改错
提示词为动词原形 与前面的宾语有逻辑上的主谓关
,
系 可以断定该题考查动词的非谓语形式作宾补 .Seeingthemareworkingsohardonsuchacoldmorning
, 。 1 ,
I was moved and made up my mind to do something for them.
3.分清主动、被动关系
去掉are
如果宾语和提示词为逻辑上的主动关系 可能会填 to
, .I was walking to school this morning when I caught sight
do do或doing形式 如果宾语和提示词为逻辑上的被动关 2
, 。 of an old woman with a walking stick lain on the ground.
系 可能会填to be done being done done形式
, , , 。 lain→lying
4.确定答案
.When I was in Grade I met a teacher who made me
根据宾语前的谓语动词及动词的非谓语形式作宾补的用法 3 5,
remembered her forever.
确定答案
。 remembered→remember
考生还需关注考点清单 常用不定式作主语补足语的句
.The square was very busy with cars buses bicycles
“
4 , , ,
型 及 with 宾语 宾补 用法 and pedestrians gone in all directions.
” “ + + ” 。
gone→going
二、短文改错
.Whats more hewantedthe thiefknowhe wasforgiven.
1.检查是否该用不定式符号to 5 ,
; know前加to
2.检查宾语与宾补之间的逻辑关系并确定作宾补 主
(
补 的动词的非谓语形式是否正确
) 。
8 0 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
5 repeatedly asked her to sit down.
考点 动词的非谓语形式作主语、表语
虽然我们三番五次地请她坐下 但她还是站着
, 。
The true author of the book remains unknown is still
高考常考点 (=
unknown .这本书真正的作者依然不详
) 。
一、下列句型中常用v.⁃ing形式(动名词)作主语 Much remains to be done.许多事仍需去做
。
ìno use/good ü
ï ï
ïnot any use/goodï
It is/was í ý doing sth.
+ïof little use/goodï+
ï ï 一、语法填空
îworth þ
提示词为动词 设空处前为系动词 一般考查动词的非谓语
It is worth making an appointment before you go. , ,
形式作表语 提示词为动词 设空处作主语 一般考查动词的非
你去之前预约一下是值得的 ; , ,
。 谓语形式作主语
。
二、下列句型中常用不定式作主语 1.根据固定句式判断
It is 形容词 for/of sb. to do sth.
It takes/took sb. + some time ü ï (1) It is + no use/g + ood/worth + ... doing sth.
difficult/easy/important/ ï (2) +
It be for sb.ï 2.根据非谓语形式的功能判断
+ +impossible/necessary... ï
设空处作表语 如果设空处表示主语的特征 用现在分
ýto do sth.
, ,
careless/clever/foolish/ ï 词形式 如果设空处表示主语的状态 用过去分词形式 此
ï ; , 。
It be silly/stupid/honest/ of sb. 外 现在分词作表语时 往往表示 令人 的 而过去分词
+ + ï , , “ …… ”,
kind/lazy/wise... þ ï 作表语时往往表示 感到 的
“ …… ”。
How long did it take you to finish the work
? 二、短文改错
你花了多长时间完成这项工作的
? 1.如果谓语动词作主语 表语 肯定需要改正
It is difficultforustofinishwritingthe compositioninan 、 , ;
2.当动名词或不定式作主语时 其表语的形式常与主语
hour.我们难以在一小时内完成这篇作文 ,
。 保持一致 即主语若用不定式 表语也用不定式 主语若用动
It is stupid of you to write down everything that the , , ;
( ) 名词 表语也常用动名词 如 Seeing is believing或To see is
teacher says.你把老师说的所有东西都记下来是很愚蠢的 , 。 :
。 to believe
。
易混易错点
一、不定式、v.⁃ing形式(动名词、现在分词)、过去分词 Ⅰ.单句填空
作表语的区别 .It is no use crying cry over spilt milk.
1 ( )
.First of all becoming become awareofwhatcauses
形式 作表语的用法 例句
2 , ( )
your worry will help to reduce the stress.
Your task today is to
表示具体的动作 尤其 .We take care of patients of all ages. There is no type of
, washthe curtains.你今天 3
不定式 是某一次的动作 不定 injury medical or surgical condition that we are not equipped
。 的任务是洗窗帘 指一 ,
式作主语也有此用法 。 ( equip to care for.
次具体的工作
) ( )
.They often seem to dislike dislike being questioned.
多指抽象的 概念性的 4 ( )
、 His favorite sport is .As well as the weather the relaxing atmosphere and
动 动作 可以是多次的 5 ,
, 、 swimming. nightlife are very appealing appeal .
名 经常性的行为 相当于
v.⁃ing , 他最喜欢的运动是游泳 ( )
词 名词 动名词作主语 。 . Using use mobile phones for too long tends to make
形 。 泛指游泳 6 ( )
也有此用法 ( ) us passive and ignore physical exercise which will cause
式 ,
obesity and poor eyesight.
现在 表特征 意为 令人 The film is exciting.这部
, : .His new idea was to make make the shell shapes on
分词 的 相当于形容词 电影激动人心 7 ( )
…… , 。
the roof into the shape of a ball.
He isexcitedatthenews.
表状态 意为 感到 .A life burdened with work leads you nowhere for you
过去分词 , : 听到这个消息他激动 8 ,
的 相当于形容词 will get tired and bored bore with your daily routine work.
…… , 不已 ( )
。
Ⅱ.单句改错
二、动词的非谓语形式作remain的表语
.Feeling tiring Li Hua went to bed immediately.
1 ,
{ {doing} tiring→tired
意为 仍然是 remain be still
主语 remain + done : ( = ) .The contrast in their points of view is so extreme that we
+ 2
to be done意为 仍需被做 grow puzzling sometimes.
+ :
She remained standing was still standing though we puzzling→puzzled
(= )
专题五 动词的非谓语形式 8 1
.Take a part⁃time job is a good form of social practice. embarrassed→embarrassing
3
Take→Taking .I was worrying and decided to take her to the hospital.
5
.But for the latter requiring them to speak may be worrying→worried
4 ,
embarrassed because they usually know nothing.
A 组 语法填空题组 学生用书P79
Passage1(2021山西太原上学期期中改编) get the big stone out of the way.
4 ( )
Nowadays more and more Chinese are aware of food Then a villager came along carry a load of
, 5 ( )
waste issues. Even young people tend take home their vegetables. On approaching the big rock he stopped and laid
1 ( ) ,
leftovers when dine out most of whom would pack down his burden try hardtomovethestonetotheside
2 ( ) , , 6 ( )
the dish in a doggie bag if the leftovers are still in good shape of the road. After push many times he finally
7 ( ) ,
and there are also a lot left according to the survey succeeded. As the villager picked up his load of vegetables he
, 3 ,
conduct by China Youth Daily. The people bear in noticed apurse lie intheroadwheretherockhadbeen.
( ) 4 ( ) 8 ( )
the s or s believe that save food is a virtue. The purse contained many gold coins and a note from the king
1980 1990 5 ( ) ,
Young people also gave their opinions on how say that the gold was for the person who removed the
6 9 ( )
help reduce food waste. Some advised restaurants huge rock from the road.
( ) 7
offer the serving chopsticks which would be helpful for The villager learned a valuable lesson that many others
( ) ,
customers pack the leftovers. Others said it might be would never understand Every obstacle presents an opportunity
8 ( ) :
useful to promote smaller or half⁃portion dishes. Another good improve ones condition.
10 ( )
suggestion is that catering businesses give away coupons 优惠 答案
(
券 to customers who clear their plates at dinner. 1.to test
)
China launched a campaign against food waste in and 2.placed
2013
renewed the call early this year create an increasingly 3.keeping
9 ( )
prosperous society. We can all play a part in reach 4.to get
10 ( )
the national foodwaste reductiongoal toreduce foodwaste by 5.carrying
—
% in the next years. 6.trying
50 10
答案 7.pushing
1.to take 8.lying
2.dining 9.saying
3.conducted 10.to improve
4.born Passage3(2019安徽江淮十校上学期二次联考改编)
5.saving Whether theyre playing on TV screens or printed in
6.to help newspapers advertsareeverywhere. Actually itisquitenormal
, ,
7.to offer for the average person live in a city see
1 ( ) 2 ( )
8.to pack thousands of ads every single day. However ads are not just a
,
9.to create tool for getting people buy things they also serve as a
3 ( ) ;
10.reaching window into cultures societies and history.
,
Passage2(2020河南许昌高级中学月考改编) Modern adverts began to appear in th and th
4 18 19
The story happened in ancient times. A king was so clever centuries since advances in printing techniques allowed more
,
that he thought of a good way test whether his men detailed images produce innewspapersandmagazines.
1 ( ) 5 ( )
were reliable. Looking at some of these early ads is like take a
6 ( )
One day hehada hugerock place ona roadway step back intimetoanotherworld. Forexample an advert
, 2 ( ) , 1881
at night. Then he hid himself nearby and watched carefully to for French cigarettes promised that its product would give
“
see if anyone would remove the big rock. Some wealthy immediate relief to a list of medical conditions including
” ,
businessmen andhighofficialscameby buttheysimplywalked breathe problems. And a US ad advised mothers
, 7 ( ) 1955
around it. Many of them even loudly blamed the king for not mix the sugary soft drink ⁃Up with their babys milk.
8 ( ) 7
keep the roads clear but none of them would bother Nowadays of course the harmful effects of both smoking
3 ( ) , , ,
8 2 5年高考3年模拟 B版(教师用书)
and sugarydrinkshavebeenwellknown. Althoughtheseadverts 3.to buy
seem unusual to us now perhaps future generations may 4.the
,
consider some of todays ads be just as strange. It 5.to be produced
9 ( )
believe that advertising can often be an indicator for 6.taking
10 ( )
what society considers to be socially acceptable and desirable at 7.breathing
the time. 8.to mix
答案 9.to be
1.living 10.is believed
2.to see
B 组 短文改错题组 学生用书P80
Proofreading1(2021安徽“江淮十校”二次质检改编) Hopeful youwilltakemyapplicationintoconsideration.
,
My name is Jack. Know that the Student Union is looking
Hopefully
Looking forward to your reply.
for volunteers I am writing to making an application. Proofreading2(2020贵州贵阳普通高中摸底改编)
,
Dear Jack
I really want get this opportunity. By offer my service not ,
,
Im glad tolearningthatyouare interestinginthestudents
only will I be able to improve my oral English and
reading in your school. We have a grand library on a collection
communication skills but I can also make more friend. As an
,
of books and large reading rooms in which we have
outgoing boy I am warm⁃hearted and always enjoy help others. 200,000 5 ,
,
easy access to the network. Anyone fond of read is free to go
I once took part in an activity being organized by the local
there whenever they are available. A monthly activity is holding
community to offer help for some homeless people. Besides I
,
for students exchange their ideas about reading. Every autumn
am fluent in English so I have no difficulty communicate with
we have areadingfestivalwhere dramaperformancesare shown
English speakers. In a word I believe I am qualified for the
,
and distinguishing writers are invited.
position.
In the library books on history are my favorites from
, ,
Hopeful you will take my application into consideration.
,
which I get a better understand of human civilization and a
Looking forward to your reply.
progress both in China and abroad.
答案
Best wishes
My name is Jack. Know that the Student Union is
!
Knowing❶
Yours
looking for volunteers I am writing to makingan application. ,
,
make❷
Li Hua
I really want ∧ get this opportunity. By offer my
to❸ offering❹
答案
service not only will I be able to improve my oral English and
, Dear Jack
communication skills butIcanalsomakemore friend . Asan ,
, friends❺ Im glad tolearningthatyouare interesting inthestudents
outgoing boy I am warm⁃hearted and always enjoy help
learn❶ interested❷
, helping❻ reading in your school. We have a grand library on a
others. I once took part in an activity being❼organized by the
our❸ with❹
collection of books and large reading rooms in
200,000 5 ,
local community to offer help for some homeless people. which we have easy access to the network. Anyone fond of
to❽ read is free to go there whenever they are available. A
Besides I am fluent in English so I have no difficulty reading❺
,
communicate withEnglishspeakers. Inaword IbelieveIam monthly activity is holdingfor students ∧exchange their ideas
,
communicating❾ held❻ to❼
qualified for the position. about reading. Every autumn we have a reading festival where
专题五 动词的非谓语形式 8 3
drama performances are shown and distinguishing writers are across a products basic message. Thus ads instead of make
, ,
distinguished❽
invited. people seemtobethesame contributegreatlytopeoplesbetter
,
In the library books on history are my favorites from
, , life.
which I get a better understand of human civilization and
understanding❾
答案
a progress both in China and abroad.
Recently Ive done a survey in our class on what my
Best wishes
! classmates thinkingofads. Themajorityofmyclassmatestakea
Yours
, think❶
Li Hua
positive attitude to ads in that ads do bring us convenient .
Proofreading3(2020安徽合肥八校一次联考改编) convenience❷
Recently Ive done a survey in our class on what my Other studentsarguethatbeinglargely exposing toadsmaylead
exposed❸
classmates thinkingofads. Themajorityofmyclassmatestakea to thesameness ranged fromclothes shelterstotransportation.
,
ranging❹
positive attitude to ads in that ads do bring us convenient. Other From my point of the ❺ view I prefer the former
,
opinion to the latter for the followed reasons. The first reason
students argue thatbeinglargelyexposingtoadsmayleadtothe following❻
is rooting in the fact that there are various ads so that people
sameness ranged from clothes shelters to transportation. rooted❼
,
have various choices. Secondly without ads that would be
, ,
From my point of the view I prefer the former opinion to it❽
,
difficult ∧ get across a products basic message. Thus ads
, ,
the latter for the followed reasons. The first reason is rooting in to❾
instead of make people seem to be the same contribute
,
the fact that there are various ads so that people have various making
greatly to peoples better life.
choices. Secondly without ads that would be difficult get
, ,