专题81 2025 高考英语全国一卷词汇清单及对点练习（解析版）
目录
第一部分：词性转换94 例
1
第二部分：识词知意199 例
4
第三部分：高频语块116 例
9
第四部分：熟词生义14 例
12
第五部分：真题填空97 例
14
听力理解
1. favor
n.恩惠→adj. favourable 赞成的；有利的
2. education
n.教育→adj. educational 教育的
3. document
n.文档 →n. documentary 纪录片
4. entertain
vt.时娱乐→adj. entertaining 娱乐的
5. control
vt.控制 →adj. controllable 可控制的
阅读A 篇
1. globe
n. 地球；世界→adj. global 全球的
2. power
n. 力量；电力；权力 →adj. powerful 强大的；强有力的
3. sustain
vt. 维持；支撑；承受→ adj. sustainable 可持续的
4. exist
v. 存在 →adj. existing 现有的
5. fortunate
adj. 幸运的 →adv. fortunately 幸运地
6. analysis
sing. 分析→pl. analyses 分析
7. develop
vt. 发展；开发 →n. development 发展；开发
8. percent
n. 百分比 →n. percentage 百分比率
9. comparative
adj. 相对的→adv. comparatively 相对地
10. consume
vt.吃喝；消费 →n. consumption 吃喝；消费
11. efficient
adj.高效的 →n. efficiency 效率
12. afford
vt.支付；承受的起→adj. affordable 负担得起的
阅读B 篇
1. necessary
adj. 必要的→n. n ecessity
必需品
2. simple
adj. 简单的→adv. simply 简单地
3. persuade
vt. 说服→adj. persuasive 有说服力的
4. assign
vt. 分配→n. assignment 任务、作业
5. fiction
n. 小说、虚构→adj. fictional 虚构的
6. limit
vt. 限制→adj. limited 有限的
7. understand
vt. 理解→ant. misunderstand 误解
8. communicate
vt.沟通→ n. communication 沟通
9. power
n. 权力→adj. p owerful
强大的
10. mix
vt. 混合→adj. mixed 混合的
第一部分：词性转换94 例
11. amaze
vt. 使惊奇→adj. amazing 令人惊奇的/amazed 感到惊奇的
12. disturb
vt. 打扰→adj. disturbing 令人不安的/disturbed 被打扰的
阅读C 篇
1. improve
v. 改善
→improvement n. 改善
2. mobile
adj. 移动的
→mobility n. 流动性
3. neighbor
n. 邻居→neighborhood n. 街区；社区
4. famous
adj. 著名的→ famously adv. 著名地；极好地
5. Canada
n. 加拿大→ Canadian adj. 加拿大的n. 加拿大人
6. journal
n. 期刊; 日志→journalist n. 新闻记者
7. propose
v. 提议
→ proposed adj. 提议的
8. replace
v. 取代
→replacement n. 取代
9. complete
adj. 完整的→ completely adv. 完全地
10. different
adj. 不同的→differently adv. 不同地
11. frequent
adj. 频繁的→frequently adv. 频繁地
12. destroy
vt. 破坏→ destruction n. 破坏
13. real
adj.真正的→ reality n. 现实
14. major
adj. 主要的→majority n. 大多数
15. design
v. 设计
→redesign v. 重新设计
16. owner
n. 主人→ownership n. 所有权
17. culture
n. 文化→cultural adj. 文化的
18. diverse
adj. 多样的→ diversity n. 多样性
19. need
n. 需求→needy adj. 贫困的；缺乏的
20. access
n.入口;机会→ accessible adj. 可进入的；可获得的
21. live
vi.生活；居住→ livable adj. 宜居的
阅读D 篇
1. pollute
vt. 污染→pollution n. 污染
2. significant
adj. 重要的→significantly adv. 重要地
3. environment
n. 环境→environmental adj. 环境的
4. crucial
adj. 关键的→crucially adv. 关键地
5. additional
adj. 额外的→additionally adv. 额外地
6. previous
adj. 先前的→previously adv. 先前地
7. increasing
adj. 日益增长的→increasingly adv. 日益增长地
8. original
adj. 原始的→originally adv. 原始地
9. harm
n. 伤害→harmful adj. 有害的
10. treat
vt. 对待/治疗→treatment n. 对待 / 治疗
11. hard
adj. 坚硬的→hardness n. 硬度
12. long
adj. 长的→length n. 长度
13. frequent
adj. 频繁的→frequency n. 频率
14. severe
adj. 严重的→severity n. 严重程度
15. difficult
adj. 困难的→difficulty n. 困难
16. direct
vt. 指导/导演→direction n. 方向 / 指导
17. apply
vt. 应用/申请→application n. 应用 / 申请
阅读七选五
1. exact
adj. 精确的；准确的→ adv. exactly 精确地；准确地；恰好
2. different
adj. 不同的→n. difference 差别；差异；不同之处
3. cheer
n. 欢呼；喝彩→ adj. cheerful 快乐的；高兴的；令人愉快的
完形填空
1. particular
adj. 特定的；特别的→ adv. particularly
特别；尤其
2. addition
n. 增加；添加→adj. additional 额外的；附加的
3. happy
adj. 快乐的；幸福的→adv. happily 快乐地；幸福地
4. value
n. 价值；重要→ adj. valuable 有价值的；贵重的
5. tolerate
vt. 容忍；忍受→ adj. tolerable 可容忍的；尚好的
6. describe
vt. 描述；描绘→ n. description 描述；描写
7. contribute
vt. 贡献；捐献→ n. contribution 贡献；捐献物
语法填空
1. exhibit
vt. 展览；显示→n.exhibition 展览品；展示会
2. origin
n. 起源；出身→vi. originate 起源
3. east
n. 东方；东部→adj. eastern 东方的；向东的
4. concept
n. 概念；观念→adj. conceptual 概念的
5. expression
n.表情；短语→vt. expressionism 表现主义
6. guide
vt. 引导；指导→n.guidance 指南；向导
7. visit
vt. 访问；参观→n.visitor 游客，访问者
8. personal
adj. 个人的；私人的→n.personality 性格
9. weak
adj. 虚弱的；薄弱的→n. weakness 弱点
10. beautiful
adj. 美丽的→n.beauty 美丽
11. strategy
n. 策略；战略→adj. strategic 战略的
12. place
vt. 放置 →n.placement 放置；布置
13. art
n. 艺术→n.art
ist
艺术家
14. paint
vt. 绘画→n.painting 画作，绘画作品
15. digital
adj. 数字的；数码的→adv. digitally 数字化地
书面表达
1. gather vt. 采集；集合→gathering n. 聚会
2. expect vt. 期待；预料→unexpectedly adv. 意外地
听力理解
1. board a flight
登上航班
2. fill out a form
填写表格
第二部分：识词知意199 例
3. run the business
经营生意
4. fix the window
修理窗户
5. drive through a red light
闯红灯
6. a reality show
真人秀
7. a radio host
电台主持人
8. extra credits
额外学分
9. community interaction
社区互动
10. sea level
海平面
11. go over the speed limit
超速行驶
12. focus on
聚焦于
13. make a difference
产生影响；起作用
听力理解
1. unpack
/ʌnˈpæk/
v. 打开（行李）；卸货
2. suitcase
/ˈsuːtkeɪs/
n. 行李箱
3. volunteer
/ˌvɒlənˈtɪə/
n. 志愿者
4. pursue
/pəˈsjuː/
v. 追求；继续从事
5. crowded
/ˈkraʊdɪd/
adj. 拥挤的
6. relative
/ˈrelətɪv/
n. 亲戚
7. celebrity
/səˈlebrəti/
n. 名人
8. critical
/ˈkrɪtɪkl/
adj. 批评的；关键的
9. diverse
/daɪˈvɜːs/
adj. 多样的
10. coast
/kəʊst/
n. 海岸
11. duration
/djuˈreɪʃn/
n. 持续时间
阅读A 篇
1. automobile
/ˈɔːtəməbiːl/
n. 汽车
2. emission
/iˈmɪʃn/
n. 排放；排放物
3. decarbonize
/ˌdiːˈkɑːbənaɪz/
v. 脱碳；使无碳化
4. particular
/pəˈtɪkjələr/
adj. 特定的；特别的
5. transportation
/ˌtrænspɔːrˈteɪʃn/
n. 运输；交通
6. quarter
/ˈkwɔːrtər/
n. 四分之一；季度
7. energy-related
adj. 与能源相关的
8. breakdown
/ˈbreɪkdaʊn/
n. 分解；故障；分析
9. mode
/moʊd/
n. 方式；模式
10. vehicle
/ˈviːɪkl/
n. 车辆；交通工具
11. passenger
/ˈpæsɪndʒər/
n. 乘客；旅客
12. shipping
/ˈʃɪpɪŋ/
n. 航运；海运
13. fuel
/fjuːəl/
n. 燃料
v. 给……提供燃料
14. lightweight
/ˈlaɪtweɪt/
adj. 轻量的
15. specific
/spəˈsɪfɪk/
adj. 具体的；特定的
16. sector
/ˈsektər/
n. 部门；行业
17. aviation
/ˌeɪviˈeɪʃn/
n. 航空；航空业
18. long-term
/ˌlɔːŋ ˈtɜːrm/
adj. 长期的
19. option
/ˈɑːpʃn/
n. 选择；选项
20. recycled
/ˌriːˈsaɪkld/
adj. 回收利用的
21. battery
/ˈbætəri/
n. 电池
22. energy-efficient
adj. 节能的
23. system
/ˈsɪstəm/
n. 系统；体系
24. solid-state
adj. 固态的
25. electrify
/ɪˈlektrɪfaɪ/
v. 使电气化；使充电
26. wire
/waɪər/
n. 电线；金属丝
27. ignite
/ɪɡˈnaɪt/
v. 点燃；引发
28. transition
/trænˈzɪʃn/
n. 过渡；转变
29. mechanical
/məˈkænɪkl/
adj. 机械的；机械学的
30. estimate
/ˈestɪmeɪt/
v. 估计；判断
31. double
/ˈdʌbl/
adj. 双倍的 v. 加倍 n. 两倍
32. renewable
/rɪˈnuːəbl/
adj. 可再生的 n. 可再生能源
33. regarding
/rɪˈɡɑːrdɪŋ/
prep. 关于；至于
阅读B 篇
1. cowboy
/ˈkaʊbɔɪ/ n. 牛仔
2. reject
/rɪˈdʒekt/ vt. 拒绝
3. subject
/ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/ n. 主题；学科；主语；研究对象
4. essay
/ˈeseɪ/
n. 散文；论文
5. health-related
adj. 与健康相关的
6. personal-narrative
n. 个人叙事
7. creative-writing
n. 创意写作
8. workshop
/ˈwɜːrkshoʊp/ n. 工作坊；研讨会
9. require
/rɪˈkwaɪər/ vt. 需要；要求
10. genre
/ˈʒɑːnrə/ n. 类型；体裁
11. diverse
/daɪˈvɜːrs/ adj. 不同的；多样化的
12. character
/ˈkærəktər/ n. 人物；性格；角色
13. demonstrate
/ˈdemənstreɪt/v. 证明；展示；演示
14. similar
/ˈsɪmələr/ adj. 相似的；类似的
15. specification
/ˌspesɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ n.规格；具体要求
16. interpret
/ɪnˈtɜːprɪt/ v.解释；翻译
17. thesis
/ˈθiːsɪs/ n.论点；论文
18. staggering
/ˈstæɡərɪŋ/ adj.惊人的；令人震惊的
19. yearbook
/ˈjɪəbʊk/ n.年鉴；毕业纪念册
20. heartbreak
/ˈhɑːtbreɪk/ n. 心碎
阅读C 篇
1. transport
/ˈtrænspɔːt/ v. 运输；运送
2. decline
/dɪˈklaɪn/ v. 下降；减少
3. pedestrian
/pəˈdestriən/
n. 行人 adj. 步行的
4. Dutch
/dʌtʃ/
adj. 荷兰的 n. 荷兰人；荷兰语
5. bother
/ˈbɒðə(r)/
v. 使烦恼；困扰
6. transform
/trænsˈfɔːm/
v. 改变；转变
7. decade
/ˈdekeɪd/
n. 十年
8. elsewhere
/ˌelsˈweə(r)/
adv. 在别处；去别处
9. community
/kəˈmjuːnəti/
n. 社区；团体
10. campaign
/kæmˈpeɪn/
n. 运动；活动
11. alarm
/əˈlɑːm/
n. 担忧；警报 v. 使惊恐
12. expressway
/ɪkˈspresweɪ/
n. 高速公路
13. mayor
/meə(r)/
n. 市长
14. champion
/ˈtʃæmpiən/
vt. 捍卫；支持
15. decent
/ˈdiːsnt/
adj. 体面的；适宜的
16. occur
/əˈkɜː(r)/
v. 发生；出现
17. widespread
/ˈwaɪdspred/
adj. 广泛的；普遍的
18. phenomenon
/fəˈnɒmɪnən/
n. 现象
19. boost
/buːst/
v. 促进；提高
20. advocate
/ˈædvəkeɪt/
v. 提倡；主张
21.journalist
/ˈdʒɜ:nəlɪst/
n. 记者
22.propose
/prəˈpəʊz/
v. 提议；建议
23.replacement
/rɪˈpleɪsmənt/ n. 替换；更换
阅读D 篇
1. microplastic
/ˌmaɪkrəʊˈplæstɪk/ n. 微塑料
2. settle
/ˈsetl/ v. 沉降；定居
3. source
/sɔːs/n. 来源；源头
4. stomach
/ˈstʌmək/n. 胃；腹部
5. reduce
/rɪˈdjuːs/v. 减少；降低
6.Antarctic
/ænˈtɑːktɪk/ adj. 南极的
7. level
/ˈlevl/n. 水平；等级 adj. 平坦的 v. 使平等
8. filter
/ˈfɪltə(r)/ v. 过滤；筛选
9. tap
/tæp/n. 水龙头；轻敲 v. 轻拍；开发
10. process
/ˈprəʊses/n. 过程；工序
11. trap
/træp/v. 捕获；使陷入
12. contain
/kənˈteɪn/ v. 包含；容纳；控制
13. sample
/ˈsɑːmpl/ n. 样品；样本
14. polystyrene
/ˌpɒliˈstaɪriːn/n. 聚苯乙烯
15. polyethylene
/ˌpɒliˈeθəliːn/ n. 聚乙烯
16. polypropylene /ˌpɒliˈprəʊpəliːn/n. 聚丙烯
17. chemical
/ˈkemɪkl/adj. 化学的 n. 化学品
18. potential
/pəˈtenʃl/adj. 潜在的 n. 潜力；可能性
19. forward
/ˈfɔːwəd/ adv. 向前 adj. 向前的
v. 发送；推进
20. determine
/dɪˈtɜːmɪn/vt. 确定；决定；查明
21. demonstrate
/ˈdemənstreɪt/ vt. 证明；展示；演示
22. upgrade
/ˌʌpˈɡreɪd/vt. 升级；提升
23. remove
/rɪˈmuːv/ vt. 移除；去掉；消除
24. illustrate
/ˈɪləstreɪt/vt. 说明；举例说明；图解
25. mention
/ˈmenʃn/ vt. 提到；提及
26. involve
/ɪnˈvɒlv/ vt. 包含；涉及；使参与
27. intake
/ˈɪnteɪk/
n. 摄入；吸入；纳入量
阅读七选五
1. unsung
adj.未被颂扬的，被埋没的；
2. pick-me-up
n. 提神物品；
3. grab
v. 抓住，拿到；
4. genuine
/ˈdʒenjuɪn/ adj.真诚的；
5.quarter
/ˈkwɔːtə(r)/ n. 一刻钟；四分之一
6.contagious
/kənˈteɪdʒəs/ adj. 有感染力的
7. major
/ˈmeɪdʒə(r)/ n. 某专业的学生
7.senior
/ˈsiːniə(r)/ adj. 高年级的；n. 大四学生
完形填空
1. vase
n 花瓶
2. wedding
n 婚礼
3. beloved
adj 钟爱的
4. item
n 一件（物品）
5. donate
v 捐赠
6. supposedly
adv 据说
7. repost
v 重新发帖
8. race
v 快速移动
9. chaos
n 混乱
10. exchange
n 交流，交谈
11. please
v 使高兴
/ 满意
12. otherwise
adv 否则，要不然
13. apartment
n 公寓
14. cottage
n 乡村小屋
15. store
v 储存
16. decorate
v 装饰
17. stuff
v 塞满
18. equip
v 装备，配备
19. conventional adj 传统的，常规的
20. complicated
adj 复杂的
21. tolerable
adj 可忍受的
22. fee
n 费
23. receipt
n 收据
24. spare
v 使免遭……
25. investigate
v 调查
26. encounter
v 偶然碰到；
27. recommend
v 推荐
28. giveaway
n 赠品
29. belongings
n 所有物，财产
30. anticipate
v 预料，预计
31. appreciate
v 欣赏，感激
32. deliver
v 递送
33. withdraw
v 撤回
语法填空
1. feature
n. 特征；功能 vt.以…… 为特色
2. inspire
vt. 激发；产生灵感
3. binary-based
adj. 基于二元的
4. reflect
vt.反映；反射；反思
5. philosophy
n. 哲学；哲理；人生观
6. curator
n.馆长；监护人
7. cutting-edge
adj. 尖端的；前沿的
8. contemporary adj. 当代的；同时代的
9. abstract
adj. 抽象的 n. 摘要vt. 摘要；提取
10. visual
adj. 视觉的
11. initiate
vt. 发起；创始
12. minimalism art
n.极简主义艺术（一种追求简约、去除冗余的艺术风格）
13. conceptual art
n.概念艺术（强调观念和思想表达的艺术形式）
14. expressionism n. 表现主义（强调主观情感表达的艺术流派）
15. long-term
adj. 长期的；长远的
16. opponent
n.对手；反对者
17. trap
n. 陷阱；圈套；困境 vt.使陷入困境；设陷阱
18. reveal
vt. 揭示；透露；展现
19. gesture
n. 手势；姿态vt. 做手势；用动作示意
20. balance
n.平衡；余额vt. 使平衡；权衡
21. sculpture
n.雕塑；雕刻艺术
22. silk-screen
n. 丝网印刷（术）
23. decent
adj. 得体的；像样的
书面表达
1. host
/həʊst/ v. 主办；主持
2. snack
/snæk/ n. 小吃
3. backyard
/ˌbækˈjɑːd/ n. 后院
4. awkward
/ˈɔːkwəd/ adj. 尴尬的
5. part
/pɑːt/ v. 分开
6. resist
/rɪˈzɪst/ v. 抗拒
7. conscience /ˈkɒnʃəns/ n. 良心
8. bother
/ˈbɒðə(r)/ v. 困扰
9. companion /kəmˈpæniən/ n. 伴侣
阅读A 篇
1. be responsible for
对…… 负责；是……的原因
2. accounts for
占…… 比例；是……的原因
3. greenhouse gas emissions
温室气体排放
4. synthetic hydrocarbons
合成碳氢化合物
5. electric cars
电动汽车
6. plug into
插入；接入（电源）
7. on a single charge
一次充电
8. hydrogen fuel cell
氢燃料电池
9. liquid ammonia
液氨
10. renewable energy
可再生能源
11. be up to
达到；胜任；忙于；由……决定
12. speed up
加速；使加快
13. green energy
绿色能源
14. CO₂ emissions
二氧化碳排放
15. energy transition
能源转型
16. mechanical engineer
机械工程师
17. race to do sth.
竞相做某事
18. green fuel
绿色燃料
19.go green
实现环保；绿色化
20.energy efficiency
能源效率
阅读B 篇
1. earn straight A’s
成绩全得
A
2. be interpreted as
被理解为；被解释为
3. in and of itself
本身；自身
4. strike sb. as…
给某人某种印象
5. take on
承担；呈现
6. turn in
上交；归还
7. at the beginning of 在……开始时
8. broaden one’s view
拓宽视野
9. means of communication 交流方式
10. put us in another’s skin 让我们设身处地（理解他人）
11. fictional characters
虚构人物
12. take on diverse topics
涉及多样化的主题
13. Teaching is learning.
教学相长
14. Still waters run deep.
静水流深
15. Knowledge is power.
知识就是力量
16. Practice makes perfect.
熟能生巧
第三部分：高频语块116 例
阅读C 篇
1. pack sb into sth
把某人塞进车里
2. take back
夺回
3. call for
公开要求
4. make way for
给……让路
5. fight back
反击
6. lead a campaign
领导运动
7. call on sb to do sth
呼吁某人做某事
8. rush through
快速通过
9. account for
考虑到
10. in the early 1950s
在
20
世纪
50
年代早期
11. be to blame
该受到责备
12. as well
也，而且
13. get stuck
被堵车
14. road networks
道路网络
15. livable city
宜居城市
16. cultural diversity
文化多样性
17. accessible expressways 可通行的高速公路
18. boost the sales of
促进……的销售
阅读D 篇
1. settle in
沉积在
；在……安顿下来
2. tap water
自来水
3. stick inside
粘附在内部
4. volcanic rock 火山岩
5. rely on
依靠；依赖
6. hard water
硬水
7. at least
至少
8. lead to
导致；造成
9. bottled water 瓶装水
10. raise concerns about 提出对某事的担忧
11. look into
调查；研究
12. pure water
纯净水
13. further study 进一步研究
14. limit intake
限制摄入
阅读七选五
1. unsung hero
无名英雄
2. go back and forth 反复来回；
3. get in the way of妨碍；
4. political science
政治学；
5. have a huge smile on one’s face 笑容满面；
6. put sb. in a cheerful mood 让某人心情愉快
7. have every intention of doing sth 一心想做某事；
8. call out
大声呼叫，呼唤；
9. serve up
提供；
10. start one’s day off good 开启美好的一天
完形填空
1. stare at
盯着，凝视
2. see daylight
拿出来，见天日
3. fill up
装满
4. decide on sth 选定某事物
5. a couple of
几个
6. come in
被收到
7. a price cut
减价
8. draw near
接近，靠近
9. settle on
决定，选定
10. in an instant 马上
11. a ray of light
一缕光线
12. take joy in
以……为乐
13. paint over
刷油漆覆盖
14. look around 四下环顾，到处寻找
15. empty out
清空，腾空
16. pull down
拆毁
语法填空
1. according to
根据；按照
2. bring together
使…… 相聚；集合；整合
3. serve a ...purpose
满足…… 目的；用于…… 用途
4. force sb to do sth.
强迫某人做某事
5. be exposed to sth.
接触某物；暴露于某物
6. no more than
仅仅；只不过
7. inspire sb to do sth. 激励某人做某事
书面表达
1. count on
预料到；指望
2. knock over 撞倒
3.f orce the issue 强求
4 .share with 与
... 分享
5. in order
井然有序
6.ball of fire 精力充沛的人
/ 动物
7. work out
进展顺利
8 use up
耗尽
9. run around 到处跑
10. get over
克服
11. get in touch 联系
12. put oneself in sb's shoes 设身处地
13. pass away 去世
14. keep sb going 支撑某人
15. at fault
有过错
1. address 熟义：地址；演讲 生义：设法解决；处理；对付
出处：The people who put the signs in their yards created a real homeowners association to address climate change in their
communities.（2025 全国一卷听力第十段材料）
We must address
the problem of air pollution immediately.
我们必须立即处理空气污染问题。
2. breakdown 熟义：故障；垮掉 生义：（对庞杂信息的）分类，分析
出处：“Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.”（2025 全国一卷阅读A 篇）
Providing a breakdown of the statistics into categories will take time.
把这些统计数据进行分门别类需要一些时间。
3. green 熟义：绿色的 生义：环保的
出处：“The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be
carried around.” （2025 全国一卷阅读A 篇）
She only buys products from green companies.
她只购买环保公司的产品。
4. strike 熟义：打击；罢工；撞击 生义：给（某人以……）印象；让（某人）觉得
出处：“They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike
them as important.” （2025 全国一卷阅读B 篇）
例句：What really struck me was their enthusiasm. [=I especially noticed their enthusiasm]
真正让我印象深刻的是他们的热情。
5. staggering 熟义：摇晃的；蹒跚的 生义：令人吃惊的，惊人的
出处：“The results were staggering.” （2025 全国一卷阅读B 篇）
The storm caused a staggering amount of damage.
这场暴风雨造成了令人震惊的损失。
6. account 熟义：账单；描述；叙述；报道 生义：account for
解释；说明
出处：“We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs.”（2025 全国一卷阅
读C 篇）
Eventually, you will need to account for your actions/behavior.
你终究得对自己的行为做出解释。
7. cut 熟义：切；割；砍 生义：削减；降低
出处：“I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional
photos, another asking for a price cut.” （2025 全国一卷完形）
He had to accept a cut in pay. = He had to accept a pay cut.
他不得不接受减薪。
第四部分：熟词生义14 例
8. spare 熟义：抽出；匀出；备用的 生义：使免遭（麻烦、痛苦等）；免去
出处：“Each exchange provided a chance to spare the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have
encountered.” （2025 全国一卷七选五）
She was
spared
from
having to answer any more questions.
她不必回答更多的问题。
9. piece 熟义：块；张；段；部件；部分 生义：棋子
出处：“The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu
Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition.” （2025 全国一卷语法填空）
Move your piece forward three spaces.
把你的棋子向前走三步。
10. count on 熟义：指望；依靠 生义：期待，指望，预料到（某事发生）
出处：“There was just one thing I hadn’t counted on: ...” （2025 全国一卷读后续写）
The kids are counting on going to the movies. Don't disappoint them!
孩子们正盼着去看电影。别让他们失望！
11. fire 熟义：火；火灾 生义：精力充沛的人（或动物）；活力
出处：“my brother chose to bring his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire.” （2025 全国一卷读后续写）
The puppy is a ball of fire, always running around the house.
这只小狗精力旺盛，总在屋里跑来跑去。
12. force the issue 熟义：强迫问题（字面义）生义：强行实施；强迫做决定
出处：“my brother decided to leave rather than force the issue” （2025 全国一卷读后续写）
They would never have addressed the problem if that newspaper article hadn't forced the issue.
若非报纸的那篇文章强行敦促，他们绝对不会着手处理这个问题。
13. part 熟义：部分；分开（动词）生义：（尤指因意见不合）分手；告别
出处：“he was unhappy over the way we had parted” （2025 全国一卷读后续写）
We parted on friendly terms.
我们友好地分手了。
14. constant 熟义：持续的；不变的 生义：忠实的；始终如一的
出处：“Toby was his constant companion” （2025 全国一卷读后续写）
They remained constant friends throughout their lives.
他们一辈子都是忠实的朋友。
阅读理解A 篇
1. ___________(move) goods and people around the world is responsible ___________ a large part of global CO2
emissions (排放).
2. As the world ___________(race) to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation — which
accounts ___________ about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.
3. Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different ___________(mode) of transport.
4. The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, ___________ lightweight and safe enough
第五部分：真题语料单句填空97 例
___________(carry) around.
5. Each mode of transport has ___________(it) specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, ___________ here are some
of the ___________(solution) to get us going green.
6. The hardest sector to decarbonize is aviation. One long-term option for ___________(sustain) fuel for planes is to make
hydrocarbons from ___________(recycle) air.
7. Batteries are energy-efficient and electric cars can plug into ___________(exist) systems and services. New solid-state
batteries will take a car ___________(far) on a single charge.
8. Some trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can ___________(make) electric in pretty simple ways.
9. Hydrogen fuel cells are a ___________(light) choice than batteries for trucks, but ___________(make) green hydrogen is
expensive.
10. Liquid ammonia is easy to keep and transport, ___________ it is hard to ignite (点燃) and requires an engine redesign.
11. This energy transition (变革) is ___________(globe), and the amount of ___________(renew) energy the world will
need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
12. It’s estimated ___________ the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050.
13. ___________(fortunate), ___________(analysis) suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the
___________(develop) of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke.
【参考答案】
1. Moving, for 2. races, for 3. modes 4. but, to be carried 5. its, but, solutions 6. sustainable, recycled 7.
existing, farther 8. be made 9. lighter, making 10. but 11. global, renewable 12. that 13. Fortunately,
analyses, development
阅读理解B 篇
1. In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I ___________(meet) a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who
demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died ___________ heartbreak after her parents rejected
the love of her young life.
2. More than once, I found myself ___________(wonder) just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their
subjects so well.
3. But things were different for their first essay, ___________ was about the question: “Why is writing important?”
4. Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could ___________( interpret) as a
thesis (论点) statement.
5. I was ___________(shock). Then I realized that the problem was the question ___________(it).
6. They could have written pages on the ___________(necessary) of computers, but writing, in and of itself,
___________(simple) didn’t strike them ___________ important.
7. As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a ___________(persuade) piece on a health-related topic of their choice.
8. This time they found the exercise much more ___________(interest). For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative
unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and
___________ it contain a thesis.
9. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that
___________(broaden) my view and touched my heart.
10. I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of ___________(communicate). ___________, my
students demonstrated something more important to me.
11. When the final bell ___________(ring) in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most
powerful ___________(significant) — the ability ___________(connect) people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us
___________ it means to be human.
【参考答案】
1. met, of 2. wondering 3. which 4. be interpreted 5. shocked, itself 6. necessity, simply, as 7. persuasive 8. interesting,
that 9. broadened 10. communication, However 11. rang, significance, to connect, what
阅读理解C 篇
1. ___________ safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show
declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, ___________(especial) especially among young children.
2. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk ___________(safe) to school, so they
pack them into the car instead.
3. Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Brömmelstroet are bothered ___________ facts like these.
4. In their new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our
streets and the role they play ___________ our lives.
5. Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods ___________(destroy) to make way
___________ new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere.
6. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian ___________(journal) who had moved her family to
Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the ___________(destroy) of her local park.
7. ___________(describe) her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市
长) to champion “New York as a decent place ___________(live), and not just rush through.”
8. Similar campaigns ___________(occur) in Australia in ___________ late 1960s and 1970s as well.
9. Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the ___________(major) of the western cities were
___________(complete) redesigned around the needs of the motor car.
10. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just
over twenty-six million people, among the ___________(high) rate of car ownership in the world.
11. We invest a lot in roads ___________ help us rush through, but we fail ___________(account) to account for the true
costs.
12. Do we really recognise ___________ it costs us as a society when children can’t move safely around our communities?
13. The authors of Movement have it right: it’s time to think ___________(different) about that street outside your front
door.
【参考答案】
1. While/Though/Although 2. safely 3. by 4. in 5. were destroyed, for 6. journalist, destruction 7. Describing, to live 8.
occurred, the 9. majority, completely 10. highest 11. that/which 12. what 13. differently
阅读理解D 篇
1. Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and on the
Himalayas, ___________(stick) inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic
snow. They are even appearing inside ___________(human).
2. Now, new research suggests that a simple, cheap measure may ___________(significant) reduce the level of
microplastics in water from your tap (水龙头): boiling and filtering (过滤) it.
3. In a study ___________(publish) Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China
found that boiling tap water for just five minutes — then filtering it after it cools — could remove at least 80 percent of its
microplastics.
4. ___________(cruicial), this process relies on the water ___________(contain) enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to
trap the plastics.
5. In the study, ___________(boil) hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to___________
almost 90 percent drop in plastics.
6. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics ___________ just
25 percent.
7. The team focused only on three common types — polystyrene, polyethylene and polypropylene — and they didn’t study
other chemicals ___________(previous) found in water such as vinyl chloride.
8. Still, the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic ___________(expose) — a task that’s
becoming ___________(increasing) difficult.
9. Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, ___________(contain) 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than
originally___________(think) .
10. Scientists are still trying to determine how ___________(harm) microplastics are — but what they do know has raised
concerns.
11. The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool ___________(limit) intake.
12. “The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,” Caroline
Gauchotte-Lindsay, ___________ environmental engineer of the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved
in the research, tells New Scientist. “We should be looking into ___________(upgrade) drinking water treatment plants so
they remove microplastics.”
【参考答案】
1. stuck, humans 2. significantly 3. published 4. Crucially, containing 5. boiling, an 6. by 7. previously 8. exposure,
increasingly 9. contains, thought 10. harmful 11. to limit 12. an, upgrading
阅读七选五
1. Need a break between classes ___________ just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe has just that, and
more. Not only ___________ this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.
2. Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets ___________(exact)
what they order.
3. She goes back and forth between machines ___________(make) the drinks. After finishing ___________ order, she
calls out the name on the cup.
4. As the customer ___________(grab) the drink from her hand, she smiles ___________ says, “Hello, how is your day?”
5. Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn’t let it get___________ the way of her genuine conversations.
6. Murphy gets up ___________ a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day ___________(get) to work on time.
7. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early. “I do so ___________ I like to make coffee for the students. I
know they need it in the morning,” Murphy said.
8. Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here___________(serve).
9. One thing Murphy may not know is ___________ her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a
student having a much better day ___________ they were having before seeing her.
10. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week.
___________(go) to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
11. “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, ___________ always puts me in a ___________(cheer) mood,”
Wright said.
12. Murphy has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine ___________(work) anywhere else. She has every
___________(intend) of staying and continuing doing ___________ she loves.
【参考答案】
1. or, does 2. exactly 3. to make, an 4. grabs, and 5. in 6. at, to get 7. because 8. to serve 9. that, than 10. Going 11.
which, cheerful 12. working, intention, what
完形填空
1. One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen __________(stare) at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight __________ my
wedding.
2. My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy __________(empty) out the beloved home our family had
spent 23 years __________(fill) up.
3. We had decided on key items for the apartment we were moving to in town, __________(donate) what we could, and
rented a place __________(store) our supposedly important objects.
4. That left a house still __________(stuff) with things that, while not particularly valuable, didn’t belong in a landfill (垃
圾填埋场).
5. I took a picture of the vase and __________(post) it online, for $10.
6. A couple of messages came in, one wanting __________(addition) photos, another__________(ask) for a price cut.
7. As our move day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) __________ reposted it.
8. The __________(describe): “I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left
__________(happy) with the vase.
9. __________(encourage), I posted more. My daily posts and the visits I received became a precious ray of light in the
chaos of my house.
10. Each exchange provided a chance __________(spare) the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise
have encountered.
11. I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the belongings __________ share our small space.
12. I take joy in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is appreciating something __________ couldn’t come with us.
【参考答案】
1. staring, since 2. emptying, filling 3. donated, to store 4. stuffed 5. posted 6. additional, asking 7. and 8. description,
happily 9. Encouraged 10. to spare 11. that/which 12. that
语法填空
1. An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese,
__________ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
2. Go is one of __________ earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games.
3. The movements of the black and white __________(piece) reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu
Ningning, __________ is in charge of the exhibition.
4. “The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology __________ contemporary art,” says Tu.
5. “We hope __________ (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with
minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”
6. “In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to
follow your __________ (guide) till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition.
7. “The players’ personalities __________ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,”
she adds.
8. “A decent winner always __________ (try) to beat the opponent __________ no more than one or two points as a
gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ”
9. Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the __________ (strategy) placement of the
pieces, __________the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, __________
(digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
【参考答案】
1.which 2.the 3. pieces, who 4. and 5.to present 6.guidance 7.are revealed 8.tries, by 9. strategic, and, digitally
读后续写
1. My wife and I wanted __________ (share) our new home with family and friends by hosting a small __________
(gather) in the early summer.
2. She had prepared lots of snacks, while my job was to have the backyard __________ order.
3. There was plenty of space for the kids to run and play. There was just one thing I hadn’t counted __________: My
brother chose __________ (bring) his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire.
4. Though friendly, he could __________ (easy) knock over my niece’s small boys and my six-month-old granddaughter.
5. So, when my brother showed up, I asked him __________ (watch) Toby and keep him outside.
6. My plan was working out just fine. Toby was using up his energy by running back and forth in the backyard
__________ giving the kids plenty of room.
7. __________ (expected), after supper, the weather changed. It started to rain and everyone went indoors.
8. It was __________ awkward moment. I didn’t want Toby to be running around in the house, and my brother wasn’t
happy with driving home with a wet dog.
9. __________ (eventual ), my brother decided __________ (leave) rather than force the issue.
10. A few days passed, and I hadn’t heard anything from my brother. I __________ (text) him and expressed wishes for
him to come out again.
11. His reply came as __________ surprise — a shock, actually: “Not a chance.”
12. __________ (clear), he was unhappy over the way we had parted. After all, I had left him little __________ (choose).
Well, he’ll get over it, I reasoned.
13. Two months passed. My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother, __________ I resisted, __________ (think) he
should call first.
14. However, my conscience (良心) kept __________ (bother) me. I tried to put myself __________ my brother’s shoes.
15. He was facing health issues and his wife of thirty-five years __________ (pass) away a few months earlier. Toby was
his constant companion, the one who kept him __________ (go).
【参考答案】
1. to share, gathering 2. in 3. on, to bring 4. easily 5. to watch 6. and 7. Unexpectedly 8. an 9. Eventually, to leave 10.
texted 11. a 12. Clearly, choice 13. but, thinking 14. bothering, in 15. had passed, going
