专题09 被动语态（知识清单）
目录导航
01 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系
02 考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点
考点一 被动语态
知识点1 被动语态基本用法
知识点2 被动语态常用结构
知识点3 被动语态典型场合
知识点4 被动语态典型用法
考点二 不能用被动语态场合
知识点1 measure, weigh 接短语主动表被动
知识点2 write, sell 等用于“动词+副词”结构
知识点3 feel, seem 等用于“系动词+表语”结构
知识点4 happen, occur 等动词不能用于被动语态
知识点5 date back to 等短语不能用于被动语态
考点三 非谓语主动表被动
知识点1 want，deserve 等接动名词主动表被动
知识点2 be worth doing 动名词主动表被动
知识点3 be to blame 结构不定式主动表被动
知识点4 “be+形容词+不定式”主动表被动
03 优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用
高考真题（被动语态）
名校模拟（被动语态）
写作升格（被动语态,26 真题素
材）
知识脑图·核心脉络搭建
考点深研·知能分层突破
考点一 被动语态
考点一 被动语态
知识点1 被动语态基本用法
被动语态由“_______________”构成，时态和主谓一致通过 _______________的变化来体现。
时态
结构
例句
一般现在时
am/is/ are+ done
Rice is grown in the south.
一般过去时
am/is/ are+ done
The letter was sent yesterday.
含情态动词
情态动词+be+ done
The rules must be followed.
现在进行时
am/is/ are+ being+ done
A bridge is being built now.
过去进行时
was/ were+ being+ done
The room was being cleaned at 8 last night.
一般将来时
will+ be+ done
The problem will be solved soon.
现在完成时
have/ has +been+ done
So far all tasks have been finished.
过去完成时
had +been+ done
The work had been done before he came.
知识点2 被动语态常用结构
句式
结构
例句
肯定句
be+过去分词
The window is cleaned every day.
否定句
be+not+过去分词
The window is not cleaned every day.
一般疑问句
Be+主语+过去分词
Is the window cleaned every day?
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+be +主语+过去分词?
When is the window cleaned?
知识点3 被动语态典型场合
场合
例句
强调动作的承受者
The little boy was saved by a doctor.
不知道动作的执行者
The zipper was invented in 1893.
没有必要指出动作的执行者
These toys are designed
for
children.
当动作的执行者不是人时
The houses were destroyed by the heavy flood.
有些动词习惯上只用于被动语态
Tom was born in New York in August 2024.
句型“It is+过去分词+that 从句
It is believed that hard work leads to success.
知识点4 被动语态典型用法
1. “_______________+(by…) ” 是被动语态最基本形式。
The old wooden bridge was rebuilt last year by local villagers.
这座老旧木桥去年由当地村民重新修建。
A new reading hall is being built beside the playground by workers.
工人正在操场旁修建一座新阅览室。
2. “_______________+(by…) ” 这种结构多用在口语中，强调动作的结果。多用于一些短语中，如
get caught, get burnt, get lost, get paid, get promoted 等等。
Many workers get paid by the company on the last day of each month.
很多员工每月最后一天由公司发放工资。
If you touch the hot pot, your hands will get burnt badly in seconds.
如果你触碰热锅，你的手几秒内就会被严重烫伤。
3. “_______________”结构也是被动语态，常见情态动词有can, may, must, could, would, should 等。
Such bad habits should not be ignored by young students at school.
在校青少年不应当忽视这类不良习惯。
What safety rules must be followed when we enter the lab?
我们进入实验室时必须遵守哪些安全规定？
4.带_______________的谓语动词变被动语态，若将直接宾语转化成主语，则保留间接宾语，并且在被
保留的间接宾语前加上介词_______________或_______________。
主动语态变为被动语态后，间接宾语前带to 的动词有：bring，give，send，show，take，pass，lend，
post，teach，write，throw，hand 等；间接宾语前带for 的动词有：buy，cook，find，get，make，save 等。
A brand-new basketball will be bought for him as his birthday gift.
会买一个全新篮球给他当作生日礼物。
The precious medal will not be given to anyone outside the team.
这枚珍贵奖章不会交给队伍以外的任何人。
5. “_______________”结构变被动语态，只把宾语变为被动句的主语，宾语补足语保留在原处(谓语动
词后面)，成为主语补足语。
易错提醒：感官动词(see，watch，hear，feel, notice 等)和使役动词(have，let，make 等)后使用不带to 的
动词不定式作宾语补足语。变成被动语态后要增加
to
，不定式为主语补足语。
We often hear him play the guitar.我们经常听到他弹吉他。(主动语态)
→He is often
heard to
play
the guitar by us.(被动语态)
She was made to cry by their words.
她被他们的话弄哭了。
6. 动词短语的介词或副词在被动结构中_______________。
All sick animals are looked after patiently by the zoo keepers every day.
动物园饲养员每天耐心照料所有生病的动物。
All written papers must be handed in before ten o’clock this morning.
所有书面试卷必须在今早十点前上交。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.（2025-2026 北京高二期末）The library ____________ (decorate) for the reading festival when I walked in.
2.（25-26 高二下·广东惠州·期末）Since the online reading platform was created, many young readers
____________ (inspire) by the stories shared on it.
3．（25-26 高二下·广东惠州·期末）Over one hundred graduates ____________ (employ) by this large company
so far.
4.（25-26 高二下·广东惠州·期末）Excellent students from all provinces will ____________ (admit) to this key
university this summer.
5.（26-27 高三·上海·初升高衔接）Look! The guests ____________ (show) around the factory.
6.（25-26 高二下·黑龙江哈尔滨·阶段检测）She never gave up hope and created many literary works that
____________ (leave) for generations to appreciate to date.
7．（25-26 高二下·广东东莞·期中）Her poem themed her deep love for children____________ (submit) to
the national poetry contest before the deadline last month.
8．（26-27 高二·全国·暑假作业）Listen! The English song____________ (sing) by the children.
9．（26-27 高二·全国·暑假作业）The road____________ (repair) at this moment yesterday, so we had to
take another way.
10．（26-27 高二·全国·暑假作业）This is the first time that such a high building____________ (build) in
the town.
11．（26-27 高二·全国·暑假作业）By the time we got to the hall, all seats____________(take).
12．（26-27 高二·全国·暑假作业）The road____________ (repair) at 9 o’clock yesterday morning.
13．（26-27 高二·全国·暑假作业）He felt very embarrassed because he____________ (defeat) by a 9-
year-old boy in the contest.
14．（25-26 高二下·内蒙古乌海·阶段检测）Many trees____________ (plant) along the road during the
past ten years.
15．（26-27 高二·全国·暑假作业）It was reported that another bridge ____________ (build) across the
Yangtze River the next year.
考点二 不能用被动语态场合
知识点1 measure, weigh 接短语主动表被动
measure, weigh 表示“_______________
，
_______________
”，后接短语时，主动形式表示被动意义。
Each fresh apple weighs nearly two hundred grams on average.
每个新鲜苹果平均称重接近两百克。
The small garden measures thirty meters across from east to west.
这座小花园东西跨度有三十米。
知识点2 write, sell 等用于“动词+副词”结构
write, read, sell, wear, wash, open, shut 等动词多用于“_______________”结构，表示主语的某种
属性，常用主动形式表被动意义。
This thick cotton jacket wears well and never gets torn quickly.
这件厚棉外套十分耐穿，不容易破损。
The glass window shuts quietly and blocks cold wind in winter.
这扇玻璃窗闭合静音，冬天能阻挡寒风。
知识点3 feel, seem 等用于“系动词+表语”结构
下列系动词用于“系动词+表语”结构，后接形容词作表语。
①感官类系动词：look, seem, appear, feel, sound, taste, smell
②变化类系动词：become, turn, come, go, fall, get
③保持证明类系动词：stay, keep, be, remain, prove, turn out
This moving speech sounds encouraging to every hard-working student
这篇感人演讲听来激励每一位努力拼搏的学生。
The soft wool sweater feels
warm
and
comfortable
in cold winter days.
这件柔软羊毛衫在寒冬摸起来温暖又舒适。
知识点4 happen, occur 等动词不能用于被动语态
某些_______________，本身表被动含义，所以它们常用_______________。这类动词有：happen 发
生, occur 突然想到, exist 存在，remain 仍然，last 持续，rise 上升，arise 出现。
Huge cultural differences exist between eastern and western countries.
东西方国家之间存在巨大的文化差异。
Many old customs remain popular among local elder villagers here.
许多古老习俗在当地年长村民中依旧盛行。
知识点5 belong to 等短语不能用于被动语态
某些_______________，本身表被动含义，所以它们常用_______________。此类短语有：come out 出
版, come into being 产生, consist of 由……组成，come about 发生, break out 爆发, belong to 属于,
date from=date back to 追溯到, arise from 由……引起, run out 用光，pay off 努力得到回报等。
The team consists of five students with different special talents.
这支队伍由五位拥有不同特长的学生组成。
What great pressure arises from heavy daily school homework?
繁重的日常课业会带来哪些巨大压力？
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1．（25-26 高一·全国·寒假作业）The music (sound) beautiful and it makes me think of my
hometown.
2．（25-26 高一·全国·寒假作业）According to the school notice, the sports meeting (take) place next
Wednesday if there is no rain.
3．（2026 高三·全国·专题练习）The water (feel) cool when I jumped into the pool for morning
exercise.
4.（25-26 高三下·全国·一轮复习）Great Expectations (sell) well, but not all books
(sell) out yet.
5．（25-26 高一上·全国·课后作业）It (prove) that the method is safe and reliable by practice.
6．（25-26 高三上·黑龙江双鸭山·期中）This glass (break) easily, so please put a “Handle with Care”
sticker on the box before you mail it.
7 ．（25-26 高二下· 全国· 课后作业）The comedy script (read) easily, and the plot
(develop) smoothly as the story goes on.
8．（25-26 高二下·北京朝阳·期中）This newly developed cloth (wash) easily and dries within
minutes, making it ideal for outdoor sportswear.
9．（25-26 高一上·上海徐汇·期中）Mrs. Lee wants that kind of cloth because she has been told that it
(wash) very well.
10．（25-26 高三上·河北衡水·期中）It’s generally acknowledged that education shouldn’t (measure)
only by examination results.
考点三 非谓语主动表被动
知识点1 want，deserve 等接动名词主动表被动
want/need/require+doing= want/need/require +to be +过去分词，该句型表示“_______________”。
deserve+_______________= deserve +_______________，该句型表示“_______________”。
The old garden wall needs repairing before the rainy season comes.
= The old garden wall needs to be repaired before the rainy season comes.
雨季来临前，这座老旧院墙需要修缮。
Every honest student deserves respecting from all teachers around.
= Every honest student deserves to be respected from all teachers around.
每一位诚实的学生都值得身边所有老师尊重。
知识点2 be worth doing 结构主动表被动
be worth doing 表示“_______________”，动名词主动形式表示被动意义。
All the ancient paintings in the gallery are worth appreciating again and again.
展厅里所有古画都值得人们反复细细欣赏。
Which scenic spot around our city is worth visiting this summer holiday?
我们城市周边哪个景点值得今年暑假前去游览？
知识点3 be to blame 结构主动表被动
be to blame 表示“_______________”， 不定式主动形式表示被动意义。
The careless driver is to blame for this serious road traffic accident.
这名粗心的司机应当为这起严重交通事故承担责任。
Is the heavy rain to blame for the cancellation of our outdoor activity?
户外活动取消，责任是否在于这场大雨？
知识点4 “be+形容词+不定式”主动表被动
英语中“be+形容词+不定式短语”结构构成_______________，不定式主动形式表被动意义。
This long English passage is easy to understand for beginners.
这篇英语长短文对初学者来说很好理解。
The narrow mountain road is dangerous to drive on on rainy days.
雨天在这条狭窄山路上开车十分危险。
【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1．25-26 高二上·上海长宁·期中）The novel written by the author best, but five years ago no one
could have imagined how great a role he was to play in the literary world. (sell)
2．（25-26 高二下·全国·课后作业）This kind of rice (cook) quickly and (taste) delicious.
3．（25-26 高二下·全国·课后作业）Yuan Longping’s hybrid rice has helped so many people in the world get rid
of hunger, so he deserves _____________ (give) so many awards.
4．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习）After the team’s defeat, the coach reflected calmly. He knew that the changing
strategies were not entirely _____________ (blame).
5．（25-26 高三·全国·二轮复习）The pink dress she wants to buy her daughter as her birthday present online
_____________ (wash) easily.
6．（25-26 高二·全国·寒假作业）This pen ____________ (write) smoothly and it’s my birthday gift from my
father.
7．（25-26 高二·全国·专题练习）Many famous places of interest like Mount Wuyi and Gulang Island are well
worth _____________ (visit).
8．（25-26 高二·全国·课后作业）The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad
2 more comfortable _____________ (hold).
9．（25-26 高二·全国·课后作业）The new phone is very easy _____________ (operate). Anybody can learn to
use it in a few minutes.
10 ．（25-26 高二下· 陕西西安· 阶段检测）The room _____________ (measure) five meters across is
comfortable to live in for a family.
11．（25-26 高二上·江苏无锡·期中）The dining table we found in the furniture shop, (measure) six
feet long, was perfect for our family dinners.
12．（25-26 高二下·江苏南通·阶段检测）Standing at 1.4 meters tall and _____________ (weigh) 40 kilograms,
these machines demonstrated real-world applications in food service.
13．（24-25 高二下·江苏常州·阶段检测）Not all problems (arise) from social discrimination can be
addressed through communication.
14．（23-24 高二下·福建厦门·阶段检测）These soldiers deserve (remember) for the selfless
sacrifices they have made to our country.
15．（25-26 高二上·福建厦门·阶段检测）_____________ (blame) by his teacher, the boy was frustrated and
couldn’t concentrate on his study.
优题精练·专题实战通关
高考真题分类精炼（被动语态）
1. (2026 全国二卷）In tai chi, the dan tian is your qi core and qi in Chinese means life force. Now, I
__________ (suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian.
2. (2025 全国一卷）“The players’ personalities ___________ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are
exposed to the opponent,” she adds.
3. （2025 北京卷）Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes
___________ (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance.
4.（2025 八省联考卷）Every language is worthy of respect and should ___________ (treat) equally.
5. (2025 天津3 月卷改编）The reading materials ________(print) before the training began, so that everyone had
a copy.
6. (2025 天津6 月卷改编）Deng Jiaxian was one of the 23 scientists who (award) for their
extraordinary contributions to China’s “two bombs, one satellite” project.
7. (2024 九省联考卷）Fountain pens __________ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity
lately because they are refillable.
8.（2024 全国甲卷）What should ___________ (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud.
9.（2024 浙江1 月卷）However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even
more if they could sometimes __________ (offer) in smaller packs.
10. （2024 新课标II 卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion,
____________ (build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
11.（2023 全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the co-
existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
12.（2023 全国甲卷）Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still
_________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
13.（2023 天津6 月卷改编）The wooden tower that _________(restore) will be open to tourists soon, and the
work is almost finished.
14.（2022 浙江卷）To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a
painting _________ (appreciate) by someone who’s blind?
15.（2021 浙江1 月卷）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and
a BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy.
16.（2021 浙江卷）Mary’s niece wrote, "The little home _________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary
loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect
order.
17.（2021 全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It
_________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
18.（2021 浙江1 月卷）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and
a BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy.
19.（2020 全国III 卷）The artist was sure he would _________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece
to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed.
20. （2007 陕西卷）After the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need _______________
(repair).
21. （2006 安徽卷）Mr. Green stood up in defense of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one
_________ (balme).
22. (2008 全国II)I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ___________(breathe).
23.( 2010 浙江卷)The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _____________(weigh) less than
40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.
24. (2009 重庆卷) Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future ___________ (belong) to the well-
educated.
25.（2019 全国I 卷）Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the
mid-1980s, and are expensive ___________ (perform) consistently over a large area.
名校模拟分类精炼（被动语态）
1．（2025-2026 广东珠海市期末）About a month ago, I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind
towards night, and the next morning I __________ (spot) by a ship.
2．（2026 高三·全国·专题练习）Steam engines __________ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been
fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a
great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using it every day.
3．（2026 高三·全国·专题练习）Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required to process the
food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt __________
(remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something.
4．（2026 高三·全国·专题练习）In recent years, he noted, a growing number of Chinese works __________
(translate) and published abroad, allowing international readers to gain a vivid view of contemporary China.
5．（26-27 高二·全国·暑假作业）The windows __________ (clean) when a sudden noise broke out.
6．（25-26 高一下·山东日照·阶段检测）The exhibition, which __________ (hold) in the school art gallery now,
will last until June 30th.
7．（25-26 高一下·江苏淮安·期末）Every evening, the neighbors __________ (glue) to the community board,
sharing good news and warm wishes.
8．（26-27 高二·全国·暑假作业）The manager promised that the problem __________ (deal) with as soon as
possible.
9 ．（26-27 高二· 全国· 暑假作业）When I tried to enter the hall, I was stopped because the lecture
__________ (record).
10．（26-27 高二·全国·暑假作业）The room was very noisy because the floor upstairs __________ (clean) by
the robots.
11．（26-27 高一·全国·暑假作业）A welcome party for new students __________ (hold) in our school hall next
Friday afternoon.
12．（25-26 高二下·全国·课后作业）The new ballet __________ (sell) well at the box office.
13．（25-26 高二下·全国·课后作业）Equipped with 5G technology, this new type of mobile phone is popular
and __________ (sell) well.
14．（2026 高三·全国·专题练习）My pen __________ (write) well, so I like it very much.
15 ．（25-26 高三下· 全国· 一轮复习）Once this difficulty is overcome, other problems will be easy
__________ (solve).
16．（25-26 高二下·全国·课后作业）Maybe that’s the way life is. Life can __________ (make) up of a variety
of unrelated things.
17．（25-26 高三上·江苏盐城·阶段检测）When clicking on links to dangerous websites or software, you may
__________(fool) into providing personal information such as passwords, usernames or financial details.
18．（25-26 高三下·全国·专题练习）The proposal that we __________(raise) public awareness of heritage
protection is worth __________ (consider).
19 ．（25-26 高二下· 全国· 课后作业）Bob wants to buy that kind of ball pen because he has been told
it__________ (write) smoothly.
20．（25-26 高二·全国·课后作业）The advantages are plain __________ (see),so you don’t need to hesitate.
重点语法写作升格（被动语态）
1. (2026 全国一卷)令他们大为惊喜的是，沟渠旁摆放着一套清雪工具。
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2. (2026 全国一卷)这对夫妇默默体贴的善意，让埃米莉深受感动。
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3. (2026 全国一卷)抵达夫妇俩的车库后，她看到了自己的车，车身已被清理干净，且经过全面检修。
___________________________________________________________________________________
4. (2026 全国一卷)令她惊讶的是，车子不仅从被困的地方被拖了出来，还得到了彻底维修。
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5. (2026 全国一卷)抵达目的地后，她欣慰地发现自己的车辆已安全停放，积雪也已完全清理干净。
___________________________________________________________________________________
6. (2026 全国二卷)医生的一番话让我怔住了，我下定决心做出改变。
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7. (2026 全国二卷)我意识到，真正的慰藉从不藏在熬夜的时光里，而源于自律的生活。
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8. (2025 全国一卷)令我万分欣慰的是，我弟弟次日便回了电话，我们很快敲定了重逢的时间。
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9. (2025 全国一卷)随后我们紧紧相拥 —— 这是自他妻子离世后，我们早已淡忘的举动。
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10. (2025 全国二卷)我意识到，坚守自身的文化身份，便能好好传承自己的文化底蕴。
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【参考答案】
1.To their great surprise, a set of snow-clearing tools was placed beside the ditch.
2.Emily was profoundly touched by the couple’s silent and thoughtful kindness.
3.Arriving at the couple's garage, she was met by her vehicle, now cleaned and thoroughly checked.
4.To her amazement, it had not only been pulled free from where it was trapped but also fully repaired.
5.Upon arrival, she was relieved to find her vehicle already safely parked and completely cleared of snow.
6.I was frozen by the doctor’s words and made up my mind to change.
7.I realize that true comfort is never found in late-night hours, but in the disciplined life.
8.To my great relief, he called back the next day, and a reunion was finally scheduled in no time.
9.Then we hugged warmly — a gesture that had long been forgotten since his wife passed away.
10.I realized that by embracing my cultural identity, my heritage is well preserved.
