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第 05 讲 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致 (练)
一、单项选择
1.The medical team _______ the injured at present in that hospital.
A.are treating B.is treating C.are treated D.is treated
【答案】A
【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。句意:医疗队目前正在那家医院治疗伤员。分析句子可知, 主语team是
集合名词,在这里表队员,为复数,谓语复数形式,且主语team和谓语动词treat是主动关系,结合at
present可知,表“正在治疗”,现在进行时。故选A项。
2.Since May, more than one death from monkey pox infection ______ in this area, causing great concern of the
local government.
A.has been reported B.have reported C.has reported D.have been reported
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态及语态。句意:自5月以来,该地区报告了一例以上的猴痘感染死亡,引起了当地政府
的极大关注。根据时间状语Since May及句子结构可知,时态应用现在完成时,表示过去发生的事情对现
在的影响。more than one death与report是动宾关系,故用被动语态,且主语more than one death是单数,
助动词用has,故选A。
3.The book________into thirty languages since it came out in 1973 and it is worth________again and again.
A.has been translated; reading B.had been translated; reading
C.has been translated: to be read D.had been translated; to be read
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态和非谓语动词。句意:这本书自1973年出版以来已被翻译成30种语言,值得一读再读。
根据时间状语since it came out in 1973可知,用现在完成时。be worth doing sth.值得做某事。故选A。
4.-Do you know if he________to play basketball with us?
-I think he will come if he________free tomorrow.
A.comes; is B.comes; will come
C.will come; is D.will come; will come
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词的时态。句意:——你知道他是否会来和我们一起打篮球吗?——如果他明天有空,我
想他会来的。分析题意可知,问句中的if作“是否”解,引导宾语从句,此处指“会来和我们一起打篮
球”,故从句的谓语动词用一般将来时;而答语中的if意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句。英语中,在时间、条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时时,状语从句用一般现在时代替将来时,在其他从句中无此用法,
故本题应选C。
5.Jack Ma insisted that there________no excellent businessmen if everything went too smoothly and that they
________as normal in face of hardship.
A.would be: would carry on B.would be; carry on
C.were; carried on D.were; would carry on
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气和陈述语气。句意:马云坚持认为,如果一切都太顺利,就不会有优秀的商人,他
坚决主张他们会像往常一样面对困难。分析句意可知,第一空所在句的insisted意为“坚持认为”,that从
句中用陈述语气,由insisted可知,时态用一般过去时,根据句意可知,第一空处意为“将会有”,因此
用would be;第二空所在句中被省略的insisted意为“坚决主张”,其后that从句用“should+动词原形”
的虚拟语气,should可省略,因此第二空用carry on,故选B。
6.I feel it is you as well as your wife that ________ for your son's bad performance at school.
A.are to blame B.are going to be blamed
C.are to be blamed D.is to be blamed
【答案】A
【解析】考查强调句中的主谓一致和主表被用法。句意:你儿子在学校成绩不好,我觉得你和你妻子都应
该受到责备。as well as连接两个并列主语,谓语动词要和前一主语保持一致,因此be动词用are;动词
blame不用被动语态,常用be to blame主动式表被动意义。故选A项。
7.In the future, we ______ in smart homes with automatic control of everything for us.
A.will be living B.were to live C.are about to live D.should live
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态。句意:在未来,我们将生活在为我们自动控制一切的智能家居中。由In the future可知,
本句是对将来的表述,由句意可知,此处表示将来某时开始并继续下去的动作,应用将来进行时,A项符
合,B. were to live表示过去将要居住;C. are about to live表示即将居住,be about to do表示即将发生的动
作,D. should live表示应该居住,均不符合句意,故选A。
8.Don’t contact me at this time tomorrow, for I ______ a meeting.
A.am having B.was having C.will be having D.have had
【答案】C
【解析】考查将来进行时。句意:明天这个时候别联系,因为到时候我正开会。四个选项对应时态分别为:
A. am having现在进行时;B. was having过去进行时;C. will be having将来进行时;D. have had现在完成时。由时间状语at this time tomorrow可知,此处时态应为将来进行时,表示“我”明天这个时候正在开会,
强调“将来某一时间动作将正在进展”。故选C项。
9.Your health ______ constant track of by artificial intelligence in the future.
A.will be keeping B.will be kept C.is keeping D.will have kept
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态语态。句意:在未来,你的健康状况将被人工智能持续跟踪。主语与谓语构成被动关系,
结合后文in the future可知为一般将来时的被动语态。故选B。
10.Half an hour from now, the cinema will be full. Everyone ______ the film.
A.watches B.will be watched C.will be watching D.would watch
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态。句意:从现在起半个小时后,电影院将座无虚席。每个人都将观看这部电影。根据句
意可知,从现在起半个小时后,每个人将正在看这部电影,所以此处表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作,
应用将来进行时will be doing,且主语Everyone和动词watch(观看)是主动关系,应选C,A. watches是一
般现在时;B. will be watched是将来时的被动;D. would watch是过去将来时,故选C。
11.—I heard that you would go to Dalian for your holiday.
—I ______, but I have some important business to deal with.
A.plan to go B.planned to go C.have planned D.planned to
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词时态和不定式的省略。句意:——我听说你要去大连度假。——我本来打算去的,但我
有一些重要的事情要处理。根据句意可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式,
排除AC项;前面出现过的动词,下文再次出现时,省去动词不定式中的动词,只保留不定式符号to。故
选D项。
12.It ________ my teacher who suggested that I ________ to work out what major I would like to choose.
A.is; had started B.was; start
C.is; start D.was; had started
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态和虚拟语气。句意:是我的老师建议我开始考虑我想选什么专业。主句为强调句型It
is/was +强调部分+that/who +其它部分,陈述过去事情,用一般过去时。动词suggest作为“建议”之意,
后接宾语从句,从句用should + 动词原形的虚拟语气,should可以省略。故选B。
13.By the time the famous pianist turns thirty, he ________ the piano for more than twenty years.
A.will have been playing B.will playC.has been playing D.plays
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态。句意:到这位著名钢琴家三十岁的时候,他就已经弹钢琴二十多年了。根据时间状语
“By the time the famous pianist turns thirty”可知,此处表示从现在到将来的某个时间段内一直在做某事,没
有停止过,所以用将来完成进行时。故选A。
14.He took up the post of general manager, little knowing how this appointment ________ his life.
A.has changed B.changed C.would change D.change
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:他就任总经理一职,却不知道这一任命将如何改变他的生活。A. has
changed已经改变;B. changed改变了;C. would change将会改变;D. change改变。由前文的little knowing
以及语意可知,他对这一任命将会带来什么改变并不了解,再结合前文使用了一般过去时可知,此处应用
过去将来时。故选C项。
15.As the finished product was not correctly priced, it ________ well.
A.wasn’t sold B.didn’t sell C.wouldn’t be sold D.can’t sell
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态语态。句意:由于成品定价不合理,所以卖得不好。此处sell为不及物动词,表示事物
内在的品质和属性,用主动形式表示被动意义。根据句中时态可知,陈述过去事情,用一般过去时。故选
B。
16.Hardly ________ out of the house________ it began to rain.
A.I had got, when B.had I got, when
C.I have got, as D.have I got, as
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态及倒装。句意:我刚走出屋子,天就开始下雨了。hardly ...when...刚……就……,表示
一件事紧接着一件事发生。when引导时间状语从句时,主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。hardly置
于句首时,助动词had要放在主句的主语前。故选B。
17.Not only the students but also the teacher _______ a great interest in playing football.
A.show B.shows C.to show D.showing
【答案】B
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:不仅学生们而且老师都对踢足球表现出极大的兴趣。not only...but also连接
两个成分作主语,遵循就近原则,其后谓语动词与就近的主语保持一致。teacher为单数,谓语动词用第三
人称单数形式。故选B项。18.________ visitors who were trapped on the hill after the heavy rain ________ unknown yet.
A.A number of; were B.A number of; was
C.The number of; were D.The number of; was
【答案】D
【解析】考查固定搭配和主谓一致。句意:大雨后被困在山上的游客人数尚不清楚。a number of意为“许
多,大量”后接可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数;the number of意为“……的数量”,后接可数名词复数,
谓语动词用单数。分析句子可知本句表示“困在山上的游客人数”用The number of符合题意,系动词用第
三人称单数was。故选D。
19.Mr. Johnson, our teacher and friend, ______ invited to attend the meeting, ______ he would deliver a speech
to the students.
A.was; which B.were; that C.were; where D.was; where
【答案】D
【解析】考查主谓一致和定语从句。句意:我们的老师和朋友约翰逊先生被邀请参加会议,在会上他将向
学生们发表演讲。第一个空处要填谓语动词,主语Mr. Johnson表单数,所以谓语动词也要用单数形式was
invited;第二空处是非限制性定语从句,先行词meeting是地点名词,从句中不缺少主语和宾语,所以用关
系副词where引导该从句。故选D。
20.Up to now, more than one high-rise building ______ around our city, making it bigger.
A.have been built B.are being built C.has been built D.is being built
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:到目前为止,我们城市周围已经建造了不止一座高层建筑,使
其变得更大。根据时间状语up to now可知,句子使用现在完成时,build与主语building 之间是被动关系,
应用现在完成时的被动语态,且“more than one+单数可数名词”作主语时,谓语动词应用单数形式,即
has been built。故选C项。
21.—Can you get me the novels?
—Of course. All but one of them ______ in our company the other day.
A.published B.was published
C.were published D.had been published
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:——你能给我拿小说吗?——当然。几天前,除了一本外,所
有的书都在我们公司出版了。结合时间状语the other day可知,一般过去时,主语All和谓语动词publish
是被动关系,用一般过去时的被动语态,主语All复数,谓语复数形式。故选C项。22.English was invented by people, not computers, and it________ the creativity of the human race.
A.is reflected B.had reflected C.reflects D.was reflected
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:英语是人类发明的,而不是计算机,它反映了人类的创造力。主语
it指代English,是单数,主动语态,讲述客观事实,谓语动词reflect用一般现在时的单数形式。故选C项。
23.This is one of the most popular novels ______ by the writer.
A.which have been written B.that have been written
C.which has been written D.that has been written
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句及从句中的主谓一致。句意:这是这位作家写的最受欢迎的小说之一。分析句子结
构可知空处应填定语从句部分,先行词为novels,且先行词前有最高级修饰,关系代词只能用that,关系
代词在定语从句中做主语时从句谓语动词的数应与先行词的数保持一致,先行词novels为复数,所以从句
谓语动词应用复数形式。故选B。
24.There ________ some good advice about how to reduce air pollution on the Internet.
A.are B.is C.have D.has
【答案】B
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意:网上有一些关于如何减少空气污染的好建议。there be 句型的主谓一致符
合就近原则,句中的advice为不可数名词,谓语动词用单数,同时描述的是现在的客观事实,故应该是用
一般现在时。故选B。
25.A total of 35 Chinese universities ________ among the world's 500 best in a ranking released by China's
Shanghai Jiao Tong University on Monday.
A.ranked B.rank C.ranks D.ranking
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:中国上海交通大学周一发布的排名中,共有35所中国大学跻身世界
500强。分析句子结构可知,rank一词在句子中作为谓语动词使用,a total of(总共)修饰可数名词复数时,
其谓语动词使用复数形式,并且这个排名结果描述的是“现阶段”的一般性事实,使用一般现在时。故选
B。
26.On the wall________a noticeboard that says, “Please keep a two-meter distance from each other when you are
lining up for the nucleic-acid test”.
A.hangs B.is hanged C.hanging D.is hung
【答案】A【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:墙上挂着一个布告栏,上面写着:“核酸检测排队时,请大家保持
2米距离。”本句是完全倒装结构,空处为主句谓语动词,结合语境和says可知,此处强调现在的状态,
应用一般现在时的主动语态,主语a noticeboard为第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数形式。故选A。
27.Betty will ring me up when she ______ in Beijing.
A.arrive B.arrives C.arrived D.will arrive
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:贝蒂到达北京后会给我打电话。主句为一般将来时,when引导的时
间状语从句用一般现在时态表将来。时间状语从句中的主语为she,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
故选B。
28.Steam engines ________to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers,with
all the smoke and noise.
A.are used B.used C.have been used D.were used
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态、语态。句意:蒸汽机是用来拉车厢的,有烟雾和噪音,对乘客来说一定是相当不舒服
的。陈述过去的动作用一般过去时态;设空处为谓语动词,主语Steam engines 为复数,与动词use之间为
动宾关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,且助动词为were。故选D项。
29.—I feel excited to talk with our teacher about sports!
—So do I. Not only we students but also our teacher ________ fond of watching basketball matches.
A.is B.had been C.have been D.were
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:——能和老师谈论体育,我感到很兴奋!——我也是。不仅我们学
生喜欢看篮球比赛,我们老师也喜欢看。not only...but also...连接并列的主语时,其后的谓语动词的单复数
根据就近原则来确定,也就是根据“our teacher”来定,“our teacher”是单数,排除C和D,根据语境可知,
句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,因此空格处用is,故选A。
30.More than one robot ______ been tested out in the trial recently.
A.had B.have C.having D.has
【答案】D
【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。句意:最近,不止一个机器人在试验中进行了测试。“more than one +单
数名词”用作主语时,其谓语通常用单数。根据句意“最近”可知,此题应用现在完成时。故选D项。
二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
31.In the past year, he ________(share) a flat with others and trying to save money to open his own business.【答案】has been sharing
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的一年里,他一直在和别人共用一套公寓,并试图通过省钱
来开自己的生意。根据In the past year可知句子用现在完成进行时态,主语是he,谓语用第三人称,故答
案为has been sharing。
32.The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third ________(be) used regularly. Now we
have 60 working all day long.
【答案】were
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:该公司有大约20台笔记本电脑,但只有三分之一的电脑经常使用。
现在我们有60人整天工作。notebook computers是可数名词复数,它的三分之一也是复数,结合语境和上
文had判断为一般过去时态,故填were。
33.So far, we ________(replace) the old machine with a computer.
【答案】have replaced
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:到目前为止,我们已经用电脑取代了那台旧机器。根据句子的状语
“so far(到目前为止)”可知,句子用现在完成时态,再由主语是we可知这儿要用助动词have。故填
have replaced。
34.The last thirty years ________(see) the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress. Until today
we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.
【答案】have seen
【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意:过去三十年见证了最大数量的阻止我们权利和进步的法律。直到今天,
我们已经到了一个几乎没有任何权利的阶段。The last/past +一段时间做主语时,谓语动词用完成时,主语
是The last thirty years,所以助动词用复数形式have。故答案为have seen。
35.Recent years________(witness) a great improvement in the relations between the two countries.
【答案】has witnessed
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:近年来,两国关系有了很大的改善。根据主语Recent years可知,此处用
现在完成时;当主语是“一段时间”时,谓语动词用单数。故填has witnessed。
36.The CN Tower is short for the Canada’s National Tower, which _______ (locate) in the heart of Toronto.
【答案】is located
【解析】考查动词语态。句意:CN塔是加拿大国家塔的简称,它位于多伦多市中心。分析句子可知,
which引导定语从句,修饰the Canada’s National Tower,是单数,与locate是被动关系,描述客观事实,用
一般现在时。故填is located。
37.He________ (do) his homework when the power was out.【答案】was doing
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:他正在做作业,这时停电了。 “was/were doing+when+一般过去时”意为
“正在做某事这时……”,为固定句式,此处应用过去进行时。主语he为第三人称单数,应用was。故填
was doing。
37.On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite ________ (launch) by the USSR and successfully orbited around
Earth.
【答案】was launched
【解析】考查时态,语态和主谓一致。句意:1957年10月4日,苏联发射了斯普特尼克1号卫星,成功地
绕地球轨道运行。由“On 4 October 1957”可知,句子时态用一般过去时,主语the Sputnik 1 satellite和谓语
动词launch是被动关系,结合by可知,因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态,主语“the Sputnik 1
satellite”是单数,因此空格处是was launched,故填was launched。
38.It is reported that you ________(negotiate) with the factory at present.
【答案】are negotiating
【解析】考查现在进行时。句意:据报道,你们目前正在与工厂进行谈判。结合句中at present“目前”可
知,句中的动作表示现阶段正在发生,所以时态用现在进行时;句子主语you为第二人称,所以空白处填
are negotiating,故填are negotiating。
39.E-mail _________ (play) an important role in our communication in the past decades.
【答案】has played##has been playing
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的几十年里,电子邮件在我们的交流中扮演了重要的角色。
根据时间状语“in the past decades”可知,此处应用现在完成时,表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,
也可用现在完成进行时,表示过去发生的动作持续到现在,还有可能继续下去,主语E-mail是名词单数,
助动词用has,故填has played/has been playing。
41.To see one thing ________ (be) better than to hear a hundred times.
【答案】is
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:看一件事胜过听一百遍。句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,
主语是不定式“To see one thing”,谓语动词用第三人称单数,因此空格处是is,故填is。
42.A 19-meter sperm whale ________ (rescue) from the shores of Xiangshan county in Ningbo, Zhejiang
province, on April 20.
【答案】was rescued
【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:4月20日,一条19米长的抹香鲸在浙江省宁波市象山县海岸
获救。根据句中时间状语on April 20可知,用一般过去时。主语A 19-meter sperm whale与rescue之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态,且主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数。故填was rescued。
43.This poem as well as the stories ________(intend)for new generation but they are not well received.
【答案】is intended
【解析】考查固定搭配、时态和主谓一致。句意:这首诗和这些故事都是为新一代准备的,但它们并不受
欢迎。分析句子结构可知应填谓语动词的形式,be intended for意为“打算为……所用”,固定搭配,依据
句意及句中的are not well received可知此处属于客观陈述,应用一般现在时,as well as意为“和;以
及;”连接两个并列成分作主语时,其谓语动词应该和as well as前面的主语保持一致,即就远原则,The
poem为单数,所以谓语动词应用一般现在时的单数形式。故填is intended。
44.The concert held at the Friendship Theatre was ______ by a famous __________ from China.(conduct)
【答案】 conducted conductor
【解析】考查语态及名词。句意:在友谊剧院举行的音乐会是由来自中国著名的指挥家指挥的。第一空考
察被动语态,主语concert音乐会与动词conduct指挥之间存在被动关系,故使用其过去分词形式
conducted。根据句意,第二空指著名的指挥家,conductor意为“指挥家,领导者”。故第一空填入
conducted,第二空填入conductor。
45.Praise acts as an __________to the young,and therefore they should be ________ instead of being scolded,
otherwise they would be __________.(encourage)
【答案】 encouragement encouraged discouraged
【解析】考查名词及语态。句意:表扬充当着对年轻人的鼓励,因此他们应该被鼓励而不是被惩罚,否则
他们将丧失信心。第一空冠词后介词前应使用名词encouragement意为“鼓励”。 第二空考查被动语态,
应使用过去分词encouraged。第三空表达与被鼓励相反之意,故用使用encourage的否定和被动形式
discouraged。故第一空填入encouragement,第二空填入encouraged,第三空填入discouraged。
46.As we all know,fresh air is __________ to our health and the new park__________ us all,so we should
keep it clean.(benefit)
【答案】 beneficial benefits
【解析】考查形容词及动词。句意:众所周知,新鲜的空气对我们的身体有益,并且新公园有利于我们所
有的人,所以我们要保持它。be beneficial to sb.为固定搭配,意为“对某人有利”,beneficial在句中作表
语。分析句子结构可知,第二空应作为并列句,主语the new park为单数,谓语动词应使用第三人称单数。
故第一空填入beneficial,第二空填入benefits。
47.It’s the first time that I ________(take) a train to Paris.
【答案】have taken
【解析】考查时态。句意:这是我第一次坐火车去巴黎。固定句式:It’s the first time that 意为“是某人第一次干某事的时候”,可知句子使用现在完成时,主语是I,助动词用have。故答案为have taken。
48.Information has been put forward that more middle school graduates ______(admit) into universities next
year.
【答案】will be admitted
【解析】考查动词。句意:明年更多的高中毕业生将被大学录取的消息已经被提出来了。根据句意可知,
此处动词用一般将来时态的被动语态,graduates和admit为被动关系。故填will be admitted。
49.The book ________(translate) into thirty languages since it came on the market in 1973.
【答案】has been translated
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:自从这本书1973年上市以来,已经被翻译成了30种语言。根据since可
知,主句用现在完成时态,且主语the book和谓语动词translate之间是被动关系,应用现在完成时的被动,
主语是单数,故填has been translated。
50.The new type of robot came onto the market in 2006 and a great number of robots ________(sell) ever since.
【答案】have been sold
【解析】考查时态。句意:新型机器人于2006年上市,自此之后,大量机器人已经被售出了。根据ever
since可知句子用现在完成时态,句中robots和sell之间是被动关系,所以用现在完成时的被动语态,主语
a great number of robots是复数概念,助动词用have。故答案为have been told。