第07 讲 选择性必修第四册 词汇考点
目录
01 考情透视·目标导航
2
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02 知识导图·思维引航··························································5
03 考点突破·考法探究··························································6
考点一 Unit 1 ~Unit 5 核心词汇·······································6
知识点1 核心单词知变形··················································6
知识点2 核心单词知拼写
1
················································· 0
考点二 Unit 1 ~Unit 5 阅读词汇······································13
知识点1 阅读单词知词义·················································13
知识点2 核心短语知辨析·················································15
04 真题练习·命题洞现
1 . 真题实战······························································16
2 . 命题演练·····························································18
2024-2026 年历年真题中出现的词汇统计
单元
核心词汇
阅读词汇
合计
Unit 1
appointment, declare, division, fare, fetch,
fiction, guilty, inch, labour, maximum, pace,
random, ridiculous, salary, suspend, urge,
handkerchief, niece, panel, venue
21
weekly
Unit 2
capacity, dive, fence, foundation, frequency,
joint, political, sample, temporary
bakery, butcher, monument
13
Unit 3
arrest, bond, channel, code, coverage, extend,
fetch, log, meanwhile, negotiate, opponent,
tale, underwater, withdraw
conference, directory, hand, laptop,
man, mixture , press, set
24
Unit 4
clay, contract, deserve, dust, grant, hut, input,
jam, kettle, pan, plug, privilege, shade, tablet,
weed
handshake, uniform
17
Unit 5
accuse, acquire, collar, finance, knit, lawyer,
participant, priority, proficiency, receipt
code,fox,
graphic, hydrogen, knit,
receptionist
17
总计
约67
约25
约92
考情分析
1. 频率最高的话题领域
科幻与人工智能（appointment, bonus, declare, guilty, suspend, urge, weekly, superior,
alien）
标志性景点与旅游（bakery, barbecue, biology, capacity, foundation, monument, peak,
political, session, temporary, violent）
海洋探索与航海（arrest, bond, channel, code, coverage, extend, negotiate, opponent,
politics, profession, tale, underwater, withdraw）
志愿服务与共享（clay, contract, deserve, grant, handshake, hut, input, privilege, tablet,
weed）
职业规划与求职（acquire, accuse, aptitude, assemble, employer, finance, graphic,
participant, priority, proficiency, receipt, resume, supervise）
2. 最常考查的词汇词性
动词：declare, fetch, suspend, urge, withdraw, extend, negotiate, deserve, grant, acquire,
accuse, assemble, bounce, supervise
名词：appointment, bonus, division, fare, labour, maximum, pace, random, bond, channel,
coverage, league, opponent, profession, tale, contract, drawer, dust, handshake, input,
privilege, debt, finance, priority, proficiency, receipt, sample
形容词：guilty, weekly, hollow, political, temporary, violent, marine, underwater, guilty,
greedy, intermediate
3. 最容易出现在完形填空中的词汇
declare, fetch, suspend, urge, withdraw, extend, negotiate, deserve, grant, acquire, accuse,
assemble, bounce, supervise, urge, deserve
特点：这些词汇常用来描述人物的行为动作、心理状态和决策过程
4. 最容易出现在阅读理解中的词汇
bonus, division, labour, maximum, random, bond, channel, coverage, league, opponent, profession,
contract, privilege, debt, finance, priority, proficiency, sample
特点：这些词汇常出现在说明文和议论文的主题句、论点句及结论句中
备考建议
必须掌握（高频）
不仅要认识，还要能在写作和完形填空中主动运用
Unit 1
declare, suspend, urge, guilty, bonus, maximum, random
Unit 2
capacity, foundation, frequency, temporary, violent, peak
Unit 3
extend, negotiate, withdraw, bond, channel, coverage, opponent
Unit 4
deserve, grant, privilege, contract, input, weed
Unit 5
acquire, accuse, assemble, finance, priority, proficiency, supervise
重点掌握（中频）
重点记忆搭配、派生词和熟词生义
Unit 1
pace（速度/步伐）, division（分开/除法/部门）, urge（催促/强烈欲望）
Unit 2
joint（关节/联合的/公共场所）, shade（阴凉处/遮蔽/色度）
Unit 3
bond（纽带/债券）, code（代码/密码/准则）, log（日志/原木/记录）
Unit 4
contract（合同/感染）, grant（授予/同意/拨款）, weed（杂草/除草）
Unit 5
bounce（弹跳/活力）, sample（样品/体验）, spy（间谍/侦察）
了解即可（低频或未出现）
认识即可，不需要主动输出
Unit 1
absurd, alien, backwards, blurred, calculate, chairwoman, dignity, dismiss, explode, flip,
flour, gramme, grip, hazy, inaction, inch, integrity, jolt, ladder, lamp, leather, lever, mud, nail,
overstatement, panel, presume, puff, ridiculous, rumour, salary, superior, venue
Unit 2
arrow, bungee, didgeridoo, dim sim, dive, domain, entitle, equator, fence, freedom, frog,
getaway, geyser, golf, grand, hatch, herb, heritage, horn, iconic, kayaking, kiwi, latitude, liberty,
licensed, located, mammal, manuka, minister, nest, opposition, phase, pitch, pouch, premier,
prison, sponsorship, straightforward, strait, trunk, vibrate
Unit 3
applaud, behold, coral, directory, exploit, fleet, gallon, manned, maritime, merchant,
mercy, migration, mixture, murder, parcel, possession, press conference, royal, set sail, spice,
submersible, tax, tournament
Unit 4
a chorus of, bubble, cardiac, capsule, chemist, circuit, circus, consultation, cotton,
criterion, disability, disabled, doorway, drag, dusty, fireplace, forehead, housing, jar, jaw, lately,
leftover, mail, not to mention, parcel, platform, pray, relay, resign, rigid, ripe, rubber, saucer,
secondary, stability, tube, tune, uniform, washroom, wrinkle
Unit 5
accountant, attend to, bridegroom, breast, cage, camel, categorise, certificate,
communist, council, detective, disk, entrepreneur, estate, flea, fox, fry, handwriting, justice,
occupation, orient, parking, profile, purse, radium, scenario, socialist, wool
考点一 选择性必修4 核心词汇
知识点1 核心单词知变形
【高考导航】
1.A team of Cambridge psychologists conducted an experiment to compare the cognitive ( 认知的) effects of
merely seeing art with actively judging how beautiful it is.
(2026 年新高考全国I卷阅读D 篇)剑桥大学的一个心理学家团队进行了一项实验，比较了仅仅观看艺术品与
主动评判其美感所产生的认知效应。
2. “I am pleasantly surprised, because I am always looking for where to plug it in,” Espinoza said before catching
the subway in a working-class area of southern Barcelona.
(2026 年新高考全国II卷阅读D 篇) “
”
我很惊喜，因为我一直在找地方插电，埃斯皮诺萨在巴塞罗那南部一
个工人阶层区域赶地铁前说道。
3. It lays a solid foundation for efficient study. Although socializing enriches our campus life and develops our
teamwork skills, it is only a complementary part rather than a main task.
(2026 年新高考全国I卷应用文写作)它为高效学习奠定了坚实的基础。虽然社交活动丰富了我们的校园生
活，培养了我们的团队协作能力，但它只是一个补充部分，而不是主要任务。
4. Artwork Statement: Please provide a brief statement (maximum 150 words) outlining your artwork
concept.
(2026 年1 月浙江卷阅读A 篇) 艺术作品陈述：请提供一份简要陈述（不超过150 词），概述您的艺术作品
构思。
5. The City of Burlington public art program is presenting a series of temporary public art signs at the
Beachway in conjunction with the Ontario Culture Days.
(2026 年1 月浙江卷阅读A 篇)伯灵顿市公共艺术项目将携手安大略文化日，在比奇韦（Beachway）推出一
系列临时公共艺术标识。
6.“People started queuing to make an appointment early in the morning,” says Emile Ducke, a German
photographer who traveled with the staff of the Saint Lukas for a two-week trip in November through the vast
regions of Krasnoyarsk and Khakassia.
(2024 年全国甲卷阅读C 篇)“人们一大早就开始排队预约，”德国摄影师埃米尔·杜克说道。他于11 月随
圣卢卡斯医院的医务人员一起，穿越了克拉斯诺亚尔斯克和哈卡斯广袤的地区，进行了为期两周的行程。
Unit 1
1．appointment n. 预约；约会；委任→appoint vt. 任命；指定；约定 vi. 任命；委派
2．saleswoman n. 女售货员；女推销员→salesman n. 售货员；推销员
3．guilty adj. 内疚的；有罪的；有过失的→guilt n. 内疚；罪行；罪责
4．blurred adj. 模糊不清的；难以区分的→blur n. 模糊的记忆 v. (使)变得模糊不清
5．inaction n. 无行动；不采取措施→inactive adj. 不活跃的；不活动的；怠惰的；闲置的
6．stun vt. 使震惊；使昏迷→stunning adj. 极好的，极吸引人的；令人震惊的
7．mud n. 泥；泥浆→muddy adj. 多泥的；泥泞的
词形万花筒
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. She has a doctor‘s ________________ this afternoon. The company decided to ________________
him as the new manager. (appointment)
2. The ________________ helped me find the perfect dress. The ________________ in the men‘ s
department was very friendly. (saleswoman)
3. He felt ________________ about forgetting her birthday. His ________________ weighed heavily on
his conscience. (guilty)
4. The writing on the old letter was ________________ . The memory of that day was a
________________ in his mind. (blurred)
5. The government‘ s ________________ led to further problems. The volcano has been
________________ for many years. (inaction)
6. The news of his sudden death ________________ everyone. She looked ________________ in her
evening gown. (stun)
7. Heavy rain turned the path into ________________ . The road was ________________ after the storm.
(mud)
Unit 2
1．foundation n. 创建；基础；地基→found v. 创办，成立；建造，兴建
2．political adj. 政治的→politics n. 政治，政治活动(事务)
3．located adj. 位于→location n. 位置；地点；外景拍摄场地
4．freedom n. 自由；不受……影响的状态→free adj. 免费的；自由的 v. 释放；使解脱出来
5．license vt. 批准；许可 n. 许可证；执照→licensed adj. 得到正式许可的
6．violence n. 暴力；暴行→violent adj. 暴力的；猛烈的
7．biology n. 生理；生物学→biological adj. 生物的，生物学的→biologist n. 生物学家
词形万花筒
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. The ________________ of the university took place in 1885. It was ________________ by a group of
generous philanthropists. (foundation)
2. He has very strong ________________ views. He has been involved in ________________ for many
years. (political)
3. The hotel is ________________ in the heart of the city. This is a perfect ________________ for the
wedding. (located)
4. People enjoy the ________________ of speech in a democratic society. Admission to the museum is
________________ for children under 12. (freedom)
5. The restaurant is ________________ to serve alcohol. The driver received a ________________ for his
new business. (license)
6. The movie contains scenes of ________________ . The storm was ________________ and caused
severe damage. (violence)
7. She is studying ________________ at university. ________________ research has led to many medical
breakthroughs. She hopes to become a famous ________________ . (biology)
Unit 3
1．extend vt. 扩展；使伸长；延长→extension n. 扩展；延伸；延期
2．negotiate vt. 商定；达成(协议) vi. 谈判；磋商；协商→negotiation n. 谈判，磋商，协商；转让
3．behold vt. 看；看见→beholder n. 旁观者；观看者
4．profession n. 职业；行业→professional adj. 专业的；职业的；职业性的 n. 专业人员；职业运动
员
5．mixture n. 混合；结合体；混合物→mix v. (使)混合，(使)调和
6．migration n. 迁移；迁徙；移居→migrate v. 迁移；迁徙；移居
7．exploit vt. 开发；利用；剥削→exploitation n. 开发；利用；剥削
8．opponent n. 反对者；对手；竞争者→opponency n. 反对；对立
词形万花筒
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. The company plans to ________________ its business to Asia. They are building an
________________ to the hospital. (extend)
2. The two sides agreed to ________________ a new trade deal. After lengthy ________________ , they
finally reached an agreement. (negotiate)
3. Beauty is in the eye of the ________________. Open your eyes and ________________ the wonderful
scenery. (behold)
4. Teaching is a noble ________________ . She is a ________________ actress who has won many
awards. (profession)
5. The drink is a ________________ of fruit juices. You need to ________________ the ingredients
thoroughly. (mixture)
6. The ________________ of birds takes place every spring. Many species ________________ to warmer
regions during winter. (migration)
7. The company plans to ________________ the natural resources of the region. The ________________
of workers has led to widespread protests. (exploit)
8. He easily defeated his ________________ in the debate. The principle of ________________ is central
to this theory. (opponent)
Unit 4
1．dust n. 沙土；灰尘 vi.& vt. 擦灰→dusty adj. 布满灰尘的
2．privilege n. 优惠待遇；特权→privileged adj. 有特权的；受特别优待的
3．disabled adj. 有残疾的；丧失能力的→disability n. 缺陷；障碍
4．lately adv. 最近；不久前；近来→late adj. 晚期的，末期的；晚的，迟的 adv. 晚，迟
5．grant vt. 同意；准许 n. 拨款→grantee n. 受让人；被授与者
6．consultation n. 咨询；咨询会→consult v. 咨询；请教
7．stability n. 稳定(性)；稳固(性)→stable adj. 稳定的，牢固的；稳重的，沉稳的
8．hypothetical adj. 假设的；假定的→hypothesis n. 假说，假设
词形万花筒
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. The old books were covered in ________________ . She ________________ the shelves every week.
The room was dark and ________________ . (dust)
2. It was a great ________________ to meet the famous author. Only ________________ guests were
invited to the private dinner. (privilege)
3. He has been ________________ since birth. Despite his ________________ , he has achieved great
success. (disabled)
4. I haven't seen her ________________ . She arrived ________________ for the meeting as usual.
(lately)
5. The foundation will ________________ funding for the research project. The ________________ must
use the money as specified. (grant)
6. After a long ________________ with my lawyer, I made a decision. Please ________________ an
expert before making any choices. (consultation)
7. The ________________ of the economy is essential for long-term growth. The building has a
________________ foundation. (stability)
8. This is a purely ________________ scenario. The scientist proposed a new ________________ to
explain the phenomenon. (hypothetical)
Unit 5
1．categorise vt. 把……分类(加以归类)→category n. 类别，种类
2．participant n.参与者；参加者→participate vi. 参与，参加； vt.分享；分担→participation n.参加，参
与
3．accountant n. 会计；会计师→account n. 账户；解释；账目，账单；理由；描述 vi. 解释；导致；
报账 vt. 认为；把……视为
4．dedicate vt. 把……奉献给→dedication n. 献身；奉献
5．supervise vt.& vi. 主管；指导；监督→supervision n. 监督，管理→supervisor n. 监督人，指导者
6．wool n. 毛；毛线；毛料→woollen adj. 羊毛的；毛料的
7．proficiency n. 熟练；娴熟；精通→proficient adj. 熟练的；精通的
8．employer n. 雇主；老板→employ v. 雇用
词形万花筒
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. We need to ________________ these items by color. Each item falls into a specific ________________
. (categorise)
2. Each ________________ must sign the registration form. Everyone is encouraged to actively
________________ in the discussion. Active ________________ is essential for success. (participant)
3. The ________________ reviewed the company's financial records. Please ________________ for all
expenses incurred during the trip. (accountant)
4. She has ________________ her entire life to helping others. Her ________________ and hard work
have inspired many people. (dedicate)
5. The manager will ________________ the new employee's work. Close ________________ is required
during the training period. Her ________________ will evaluate her performance. (supervise)
6. This scarf is made of pure ________________ . She bought a ________________ blanket to keep
warm. (wool)
7. His ________________ in multiple languages is impressive. He is ________________ in French,
Spanish, and English. (proficiency)
8. The ________________ provides health insurance for all workers. They decided to ________________
more staff during the busy season. (employer)
知识点2 核心单词知拼写
Unit 1
1．fiction n. 小说；虚构的事
2．ridiculous adj. 愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的
3．integrity n. 诚实正直；完整；完好
4．dignity n. 庄重；庄严；尊严
5．salary n. 薪水；薪金
6．absurd adj. 荒谬的；荒唐的
7．suspend vt. 悬；挂；暂停；暂缓
8．dismiss vt. 让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除
9．declare vt. 表明；宣称；公布
10．whereas conj. 然而；但是；尽管
11．rumour n. 谣言；传闻
12．presume vt.& vi. 假设；假定
13．fare n. 车费；船费；飞机票价
14．weekly adj. 每周的 n. 周刊
15．calculate vt. 计算；核算；预测
16．alien n. 外星人(生物)；外星人 adj. 陌生的；
外星的；外国的
17．superior adj. 更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重
要性上)更高的
18．labour n.劳动(者)；劳动 vi.奋斗；努力工作
19．inch n. 英寸(长度单位，等于2.54 厘米)
20．backwards adv. 向后；倒着；往回
21．grip vt.& vi. 紧握；抓紧
22．hazy adj. 模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的
23．fetch vt. (去)拿来；(去)请来
24．pace n. 速度；步伐；节奏 vt.& vi. 确定速
度；调整节奏
25．division n. 分开；分隔；差异；除(法)
26．urge n. 强烈的欲望；冲动 vt. 催促；力劝；
大力推荐
27．random adj. 随机的；不可思议的
28．maximum adj. 最大极限的 n. 最大量；最大
限度
29．explode vi.& vt. 爆炸；爆破
30．flip vt.& vi. (使)快速翻转；(用手指)轻抛
Unit 2
1．joint n. 公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐
场所)；关节 adj. 联合的；共同的
2．premier adj. 最著名的；首要的 n. 总理；首
相
3．vibrate vt.& vi. (使)振动
4．straightforward adj. 坦率的；简单的
5．minister n. 部长；大臣；外交使节
6．entitle vt. 给……命名(或题名)；使享有权利
7．dive vi.& n. 潜水；跳水；俯冲
8．sponsor vt. 倡议；赞助；主办 n. (法案等的)
倡议者；赞助者
9．liberty n. 自由
10．sample n. 样本；样品
11．distribution n. 分布；分配；分发
12．temporary adj. 暂时的；短暂的
13．phase n. 阶段；时期
14．frequency n. 发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波
振动的)频率
15．hatch vi. 孵出；破壳 vt. 使孵出；策划；(尤
指)密谋
16．capacity n. 能力；容量
17．fence n. 栅栏；围栏
18．prison n. 监狱；监禁
Unit 3
1．tale n. 故事；叙述
2．league n. 等级；水平；联合会；联赛
3．royal adj. 皇家的；王室的；高贵的
4．withdraw vi.& vt. (使)撤回；撤离
5．channel n. 航道；海峡；频道
6．bond n.纽带；关系 vt.& vi.增强信任关系；使
牢固结合
7．politics n. 政治；政治观点
8．coverage n. 新闻报道；覆盖范围
9．applaud vt.& vi. 鼓掌 vt. 称赞；赞赏
10．tax vt. 对……征税；使纳税 n. 税；税款
11．manned adj. 有人控制的；需人操纵的
12．meanwhile adv. 与此同时；(比较两方面)对比
之下
13．murder vt. 谋杀；凶杀；毁坏 n. 谋杀；凶杀
14．mercy n. 仁慈；宽恕；恩惠
15．possession n. 个人财产；拥有；控制
16．log vt. 把……载入正式记录；记录 n. 正式
记录；日志；原木
17．arrest n.逮捕；拘留 vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止
Unit 4
1．parcel n. 包裹 vt. 裹好；打包
2．mail n. 邮件；信件；邮政 vt. 邮寄；发电邮
给
3．secondary adj. 中学的；次要的
4．weed n. 杂草；野草 vt.& vi. 除杂草
5．chorus n. 合唱曲；合唱团 vt. 合唱；齐声说
6．uniform n. 校服；制服 adj. 一致的；统一的
7．rigid adj. 死板的；固执的
8．chemist n. 化学家；药剂师；药房
9．shade vt. 给……遮挡(光线)；加灯罩；把……
涂暗 n. 阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分
10．wrinkle vt.& vi. (使脸上)起皱纹；皱起 n. 皱
纹
11．forehead n. 额；前额
12．platform n. 平台；站台；舞台
13．ripe adj. 成熟的；时机成熟的
14．drag vt. 拖；拽 vt.& vi. 缓慢而费力地移动
15．plug vt. 封堵；补足 n. 堵塞物；插头；插座
16．resign vi.& vt. 辞职；辞去
17．deserve vt. 值得；应得；应受
18．input n. 情况；信息；投入；输入 vt. 输入
19．tune n. 曲调；曲子 vt. 调音；调节；调频道
20．contract vt. 感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契
约) n. 合同；契约
21．relay vt. 转发；转播 n. 接力赛；接班的人
22．criterion n. 标准；准则；原则
23．pray vi.& vt. 企盼；祈祷
Unit 5
1．bounce vi.& vt. (使)弹起；上下晃动 n.弹性；
弹跳；活力
2．lawyer n. 律师
3．drawer n. 抽屉
4．debt n. 债务；欠款
5．profile n. 简介；概述； vt. 扼要介绍；概述；
6．detective n. 侦探；警探
7．estate n. 庄园；住宅区；工业区
8．spy n.密探；间谍 vi.间谍活动 vt.突然发现
9．justice n. 公平；公正；合理
10．accuse vt. 控告；控诉；谴责
11．greedy adj. 贪婪的；贪心的
12．socialist adj. 社会主义的 n. 社会主义者
13．communist adj. 共产主义的 n. 共产主义者
14．parking n. 停车位；停车
15．fry n. 油煎的食物 vt.& vi. 油炸；油炒；油
煎
16．sew vi.& vt. 缝制；缝；做针线活
17．priority n. 优先事项；首要的事；优先
18．cage n. 笼子 vt. 关在笼子里
19．finance n. 资金；财政；金融 vt. 提供资金
20．receipt n. 收据；接收
21．certificate n. 合格证书；证明
22．desert n. 沙漠；荒漠
23．acquire vt. 获得；购得
考点
二
选择性必修4 阅读词汇
知识点1 阅读单词知词义
Unit 1
1．bonus n. 意外收获；奖金；红利
2．nail n.指甲；趾甲；钉子 vt. 钉牢；固定
3．ladder n. 梯子；阶梯
4．chairwoman n. 女主席；女董事长；女委员长
5．gramme n. 克
( 重量单位
)
6．flour n. 面粉；
( 谷物磨成的
) 粉
7．venue n. 活动场地
( 如音乐厅、会场等
)
8．leather n. 皮革；
[pl.]
__皮衣；皮外套
9．lever n. 操纵杆；杠杆
10．panel n. 控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组
11．niece n. 侄女；外甥女
12．handkerchief n. 手帕；纸巾
13．lamp n. 灯；台灯
14．puff n. ( 烟、气等的
) 一缕；少量；喘息
15．jolt n.震动；摇晃； vt.& vi. ( 使
) 震动；摇晃
16．overstatement n. 夸大；夸张
Unit 2
1．iconic adj. 符号的；图标的
2．didgeridoo n. 迪吉里杜管
3．equator n. 赤道
4．barbecue n. 户外烧烤；烤架
5．bakery n. 面包
( 糕饼
) 店；面包厂
6．butcher n. 肉贩；屠夫；刽子手
7．herb n. 药草；香草；草本
8．horn n. ( 乐器
) 号
9．pitch n. 音高
10．slogan n. 标语；口号
11．frog n. 蛙；青蛙
12．arrow n. 箭；箭头
13．getaway n. 适合度假的地方
14．kayaking n. 划皮艇
15．domain n. 领域；领土；范围
16．golf n. 高尔夫球运动
17．strait n. 海峡
18．monument n. 纪念碑
( 或馆、像等
) ；历史遗迹
19．kiwi n. 几维
( 新西兰鸟
)
20．geyser n. 间歇泉
21．pouch n. 育儿袋；小袋子；荷包
22．trunk n. 树干
23．session n. 一场；一段时间；会议
24．nest n. 巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点
25．mammal n. 哺乳动物
Unit 3
1．merchant n. 商人；批发商 adj. 海上货运的
2．fleet n. 舰队；机群；车队
3．spice n. ( 调味
) 香料
4．maritime adj. 海的；海运的；海事的
5．tournament n. 锦标赛；联赛
6．laptop n. 笔记本电脑；便携式电脑
7．submersible n. 潜水器；可潜船
8．underwater adv. 在水下 adj. 水下的
9．capsule n. 胶囊；太空舱
10．coral n. 珊瑚
11．directory n. 名录；电话号码簿；
( 计算机文件
或程序的
) 目录
12．gallon n. 加仑
( 容积单位，
1 英制加仑约等于
4.5
升
)
13．marine adj. 海的；海产的；海生的
Unit 4
1．jam n. 果酱；堵塞
2．clay n. 黏土；陶土
3．cotton n. 棉布；棉花
4．tablet n. 平板电脑
；便笺本；药片
5．rubber n. 橡皮；黑板擦；橡胶
6．washroom n. 洗手间；厕所
7．bubble vi. 起泡；沸腾
8．tube n. 管子；管状物
9．circus n. 马戏团
10．hut n. 简陋的小房子
( 或棚、舍
)
11．housing n. 住房；住宅
12．fireplace n. 壁炉
13．saucer n. 茶碟；杯托
14．kettle n. ( 烧水用的
) 壶；水壶
15．pan n. 平底锅；烤盘
16．jar n. 罐子；坛子
17．grill n. 烤架；烤肉餐馆
18．doorway n. 门口；出入口；门道
19．leftover adj. 吃剩的；残留的 n. 吃剩的食物
；
遗留物
20．handshake n. 握手
21．cardiac adj. 心脏病的；心脏的
22．circuit n. 巡回；环形线路
Unit 5
1．aptitude n. 天资；天赋
2．scenario n. 设想；方案；预测
3．assemble vt. 组装；装配 v.收集；聚集；集合
4．breast n. 乳房；胸部
5．hydrogen n. 氢；氢气
6．radium n. 镭
7．wrist n. 手腕；腕关节
8．bridegroom n. 新郎
9．geometry n. 几何学；几何图形
10．code n.代码；密码 vt. 编码；把……译成密
码
11．orient vt. 使适应；使面对；确定方向
12．graphic n.图表
/ 形；图画
adj.绘画的；图案的
13．entrepreneur n. 创业者；企业家
14．receptionist n. 接待员
15．CV n. 履历；简历
16．fox n. 狐狸；狡猾的人
17．council n. 委员会；市政服务机构
18．canal n. 运河；灌溉渠
19．handwriting n. 书法；书写；笔迹
20．disk n. 磁盘；盘
21．camel n. 骆驼
22．purse n. 钱包；皮夹子
( 尤指女用
)
23．knit vt.& vi. 编织；
( 使
) 紧密结合
n. 编织的
衣服；针织衫
24．intermediate adj. 中级的；中等的；中间的
25．collar n. ( 动物
) 颈圈；衣领
知识点2 核心短语知辨析
Unit 1
1．test out 检验；测试
2．more like 更像是；更接近
3．push ... away 推开
……
4．on a ... basis 根据；以
……
的方式
( 基准
)
5．pros and cons 事物的利与弊；支持与反对
6．superior to 比
……
更好；更胜一筹
7．take over 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
8．conflict with 与
……
冲突或抵触
9．draw a breath 吸一口气
10．turn out 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外
；结果是
11．fall away (
逐渐
) 减少；消失
12．rise up 上升；起义；叛变
13．have an urge to 有强烈的欲望做某事
14．flip on 轻弹；翻转
Unit 2
1．be referred to as 被称为
……
2．major in 主修
3．be native to 出生于；原产于
4．either ... or ... 或者
……
或者
……
5．agree with 赞同，与
……
一致
6．be reflected in 在
……
中反映出来
7．make efforts to do sth 努力做某事
8．a minority of 少数
9．be entitled to (do) ...资格
/ 有权
( 做
) ……
10．a flock of 一群
( 羊或鸟
)
11．Hang onto 紧紧抓住
12．At night 在晚上
13．a handful of 少数人
( 或物
) ；一把
( 的量
)
14．Be used for 被用于
Unit 3
1．inspire sb to do sth 鼓舞某人做某事
2．set sail 起航；开航
3．awareness of 意识到
4．in a league of one's own 独领风骚
5．under the command of 在
……
指挥下
6．in return for 作为对
……
的回报
7．withdraw from 退出；撤回
8．for the benefit of 为了
……
的利益
9．in hand 在手头；可供使用
10．nothing except 仅仅，只是
11．talk of 谈起，讨论
12．mean doing sth 意味着做某事
13．in ancient times 在古代
Unit 4
1．be dying to do 渴望做某事
2．be made of 由
……
制成
3．a chorus of 齐声；异口同声
4．not to mention 更不用说；且不说
5．to be honest 说实话，老实说
6．in need of 需要
7．as a part of 作为
……
的一部分
8．be unhappy about 对
……
不高兴
9．take... for granted 认为
……
是理所当然；
10．relay to 转达给
……
；转发给
……
11．be worth it to... 对
……
来说是值得的
12．feel responsible for 对
……
负责
13．at the top of 在
……
的顶端
14．decide to do sth 决定做某事
Unit 5
1．take ...into consideration 顾及；考虑到
……
2．be appropriate for 适合于
3．bounce around 蹦来蹦去；弹来弹去
4．be suited to 适合
……
5．in years to come 在将来
6．sort of 有几分地；到某种程度；稍稍
7．split ... into (
使
……
) 分成，分裂成
8．in that respect 在那方面
9．set up 建立；装配
10．come to a conclusion 得出结论
11．attend to 关怀；照料；处理
12．have experience in doing sth 做某事有经验
13．take on 承担；从事
14．succeed in doing sth 成功做某事
一、 真题实战
1.(2026 年新高考全国I 卷·语法填空片段)
It is also common for them ____56____ (hold) during traditional Chinese holidays such as the Spring
Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival, as well as other local festivals. The exact dates and ____57____ (frequent)
of daji vary from region to region.
2.(2026 年新高考全国I 卷·七选五片段)
● Build determination through goals.
____38____ Sometimes you have to help them find their “thing.” Set small, achievable goals together with
them and celebrate progress, not perfection. The trick is to let them struggle a bit — resist the urge to help fix
things the moment they experience a setback.
A. The key is consistency.
B. Help kids develop analytical skills.
C. Model the work ethic you want to see.
D. Instead, encourage them to do differently next time.
E. Sometimes, a cleaner living room is the best reward.
F. Progress can be slow, and you’ll wonder if it’s all sinking in.
G. Not every child is born with the willpower of a marathon runner.
3. (2025 年新高考全国I 卷·语法填空片段)
“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and
force them to follow your ‘____39____ (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors
to the exhibition.
4.(2025 年新高考全国I 卷·完形填空片段)
I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the ___33___ that share our small space. I take ___34___ in
knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is ___35___ something that couldn’t come with us.
33. A. giveaways
B. posts
C. contributions
D. belongings
34. A. joy
B. part
C. care
D. time
35. A. anticipating
B. appreciating
C. delivering
D. withdrawing
5.(2024 年新高考全国II卷·七选五片段)
Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege(荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination
special in the first place. ___20___ You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.
A. Visit during off-peak times.
B. So, should we stop traveling?
C. Travel for you and no one else.
D. Can overtourism be avoided then?
E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
6.(2024 年新高考全国I 卷·完形填空片段)
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend ____41____ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started
running ____42____, but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was ____43____ for a
“super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run — 15 miles. To be
honest, I ____44____ it! Between the girl making my ____45____ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I
decided that the only ____46____ I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
41. A. knew
B. held
C. won
D. quit
42. A. regularly
B. silently
C. proudly
D. recently
43. A. asking
B. looking
C. waiting
D. training
44. A. made
B. believed
C. hated
D. deserved
45. A. advantage
B. achievement
C. contribution
D. influence
46. A. way
B. risk
C. place
D. reason
、
二
命题演练
（一）用所给单词的适当形式填空（共15 题，每题1 个空）
1. I need to cancel my________________ with the dentist because of an emergency. (appoint)
2. The old photo was so ________________ that I could hardly recognize who was in it. (blur)
3. She looked ________________ when the teacher asked who had broken the window. (guilt)
4. His ________________ to helping the poor earned him great respect from the community. (dedicate)
5. The government's ________________ led to further problems. (inactive)
6. The unexpected victory of the underdog team ________________ all the sports fans. (stun)
7. The road was ________________ after the heavy rain. (mud)
8. The ________________ of the university took place in 1885. (foundation)
9. He has very strong ________________ views. (politic)
10. The hotel is ________________ in the heart of the city. (locate)
11. People enjoy the ________________ of speech in a democratic society. (free)
12. The movie contains scenes of ________________. (violent)
13. She is conducting ________________ research in the laboratory. (biology)
14. The company plans to build an ________________ to the existing building. (extend)
15. The ________________ between the two sides lasted for three months. (negotiate)
（二）根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词的正确形式（共20 题，每题1 个空）
【首字母填空1-10 题】
1. He was d______________ from his job due to poor performance.
2. The scientist c______________ the exact distance to the moon.
3. The balloon e______________ with a loud bang.
4. The government decided to s______________ the project due to lack of funds.
5. The birds m______________ south for the winter.
6. The company will s______________ five new employees next month.
7. She d______________ her entire life to helping the poor.
8. The driver was not l______________ to operate heavy machinery without proper training.
9. The two parties entered into n______________ to resolve the dispute.
10. The professor granted me a p______________ to use the library after hours.
【汉语提示填空11-20 题】
11. His ______________（荒谬的）excuse made everyone laugh.
12. The two proposals are different, ______________（然而）both have merit.
13. She has a ______________（暂时的）job while looking for a permanent position.
14. The ______________（频率）of earthquakes in this region has increased.
15. The king showed no ______________（仁慈）to his enemies.
16. He was arrested by the police and taken to ______________（监狱）.
17. The ______________（标准）for admission to the program is very high.
18. He decided to ______________（辞职）from his position as manager.
19. The ______________（债务）he accumulated took years to pay off.
20. She was ______________（控告）of stealing from her employer.
（三）写作翻译练习（共15 题）
1. 说实话，这位女售货员的诚实正直赢得了顾客的信任和尊重。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
2. 与传统的教学方法相比，互动式学习更能激发学生的参与热情。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
3. 这位科学家毕生致力于寻找治愈这种疾病的方法，最终取得了突破性进展。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
4. 考虑到他最近的表现，老板决定给予他升职的机会，而不是将他解雇。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
5. 尽管面临许多反对，她还是坚持自己的信念，最终赢得了大家的尊重。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
6. 这位记者冒着生命危险深入灾区，为公众带来了第一手的真实报道。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
7. 有些人认为高薪是选择职业时最重要的因素，然而另一些人则更看重工作带来的成就感。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
8. 为了避免谣言传播，公司立即发表声明，澄清了事实真相。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
9. 这位导师在指导学生完成研究项目时非常有耐心，总是鼓励他们独立思考。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
10. 我们应该公平对待每一个人，而不是根据他们的背景或地位做出判断。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
11. 在这个偏远的小镇上，人们过着简单而宁静的生活，远离城市的喧嚣和压力。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
12. 正是他的勤奋和奉献精神使他在同龄人中脱颖而出，得到了老板的赏识。
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13. 为了缓解交通拥堵，政府正在考虑实施一项新的公共交通政策。
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14. 经过仔细考虑，她决定接受这份工作，尽管薪水比她预期的要低。
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15. 这位勇敢的年轻人冒着生命危险救出被困在火中的孩子，他的英雄行为赢得了所有人的赞扬。
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