专题13 完形填空记叙文特点分析+高分策略
01 专题网络·思维脑图
02 考情分析·解密高考
03 高频考点·以考定法
04 核心素养·微专题
微专题 动词词义和动词短语辨析易错点
05 创新好题·分层练
考点 完形填空记叙文
【高考解密】
命题点01 动词（短语）和名词
命题点02 形容词和副词
【技巧解密】
【考向预测】
试卷
年份
体裁
主题
考查类型
语境
内容
(短语)
动词
名词
(短
语)
形容词
(短语)
副
词
介词
(短
语)
全国乙卷
2023
记叙文
人与
自我
完善自我
12
3
5
1
0
全国甲卷
2023
记叙文
人与
社会
人际交往
8
4
7
0
1
新高考Ⅰ
卷
2023
记叙文
人与
社会
人际关系
6
7
2
0
0
新高考Ⅱ
卷
2023
记叙文
人与
社会
人际关系
7
3
4
1
0
全国卷Ⅰ/
全国乙卷
2022
说明文
人与
社会
人际关系
7
7
4
2
0
2021
夹叙夹议
人与
社会
人际交往
10
7
1
2
0
2020
夹叙夹议
人与
自我
完善自我
6
8
3
2
1
2019
记叙文
人与
自然
环境保护
8
7
4
1
0
全国卷Ⅱ/
全国甲卷
2022
记叙文
人与
社会
人际交往
8
7
1
3
1
2021
记叙文
人与
自我
完善自我
10
5
4
1
0
2020
记叙文
人与
社会
文化遗产
11
4
3
2
0
2019
记叙文
人与
社会
人际关系
9
5
3
2
1
全国卷Ⅲ
2020
记叙文
人与
社会
社会关系
8
3
6
1
2
2019
夹叙夹议
人与
自然
人与环境
9
4
5
2
0
考点 完形填空记叙文
命题点一 动词（短语）和名词
典例01
【2023 年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】It just ___
4 4___
that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen,
who ___
4 5___
to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to ___
4 6___
Tiffy.
44. A. appeared
B. proved
C. happened
D. showed
典例02
【2023 年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in
Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight ___
4 1___
. They could not afford to pay for
___
4 2___
for their dog, Tiffy, and ___
4 3___
wanted to take her with them.
41. A. turn
B. budget
C. schedule D. connection
解析：根据“They could not afford to pay for ___2___ for their dog, Tiffy,”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。
答案：B
42. A. food
B. shelter
C. medicine D. transportation
典例03
（2022 年全国甲卷完形填空） You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.
For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their ___41___ was nearly enough to keep
my loneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with ___42___. 41. A. ownership
B.
membership
C. companionship
D. leadership
42. A. reservations
B. expectations
C. confidence
D. prejudice
命题点二 形容词和副词
典例01
【2023 年全国甲卷】But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were ___
4 6___
because they were so
misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, ___
4 7___
things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a
funny old bottle with no label (标签) on it. These can’t be any ___
4 8___
, we thought. But we were ___
4 9___
his
kindness, so we ___
5 0 tried
___ them.
46. A. worried
B. moved
C. thrilled
D. bored
47. A. simple
B. real
C. shiny
D. fun
答案：C
48. A. more
B. good
C. new
D. easy
49. A. sympathetic to
B. thankful for C. cautious about D. interested in
典例02
7.【2022·新高考Ⅱ卷】 She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world，stopping
everywhere from Paris to Singapore.It might sound like one long，expensive 42
(vacation)
, but the couple
has an unusual way to make their travel
43
.
43. A.safe
B.busy C.helpful
D.affordable
记叙文类完形填空可分为叙事
和记人两种形式，它们有几个显著的特点：以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅；大量使用动词；适当
出现直接引语。做题时要注意以下几点：
解题要领
内容解读
抓住文章中心
中心思想有助于明确做题方向，提高针对性。文章题目揭示中心思想；如无题目，抓文
章开头结尾，尤其是议论抒情的语句，也可抓住文章的中心。
明确叙述角度
在做题时考生可采用“角色渗透法”，这样有助于走进作者的思维，深入理解文章的含
义。
理清写作顺序
记叙文的写作顺序有：顺叙、倒叙、插叙、补叙、分叙，理清写作顺序有助于了解事情
发展的来龙去脉，从而更迅速、准确地理解文意。
明确写作要素
弄清记叙文的6 要素(5W1H)，即时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、事件(what)、原
因(why)、结果(how)，抓住这些写作要素，就基本上抓住了文章的主体。
洞悉写作目的
写作目的是借助叙事、写人或写景来阐明一个道理，给人以启迪或教益。
考向一 动词（短语）和名词
1.（2023 年吉林省东北师大附中、长春一中等5 所重点高中联考）Alone in a new city to
42
my first
daily newspaper job, I was feeling vaguely anxious as I dipped into a used bookstore to
4 3 .relieve
my mind.
42．A．stop
B．lose
C．keep
D．take
2.（2023 年四川省成都七中高三检测试题）People may misunderstand what they used to be familiar with. I
remember a
41
professor, invited to our school, taught stress management principles in a school hall
42.
filled
with students.
41．A．physics
B．chemistry
C．literature
D．psychology
考向二 形容词和副词
1.（2023 年湖北省高三年级5 月联考英语试题）Yet the range of factors shaping each generation is much
53
than it once was. 53．A．smaller
B．fuller
C．shorter
D ．
broader
2.（2023 年浙江省杭州市高三试题）Their young son was 4 2 . fascinated by the swallow and asked many
questions about it. As the family was leaving, I asked the boy if he would like a sticker to put on his shirt. He
4 3
chose a swallow sticker.
A. quickly B.slowly C.deliberately D.casually
微专题 动词词义和动词短语辨析易错点
1. （2022 年全国甲卷）While I was ___44___ that he was an animal lover, I worried45. that three dogs were
perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack Flora 46. , the cat.
44. A. unsatisfied
B. amused
C. terrified
D. thrilled
45. A. predicted
B. worried
C. regretted
D. insisted
46. A. Flora
B. Chance
C. Molly
D. Tilly
2.（ 2023 届高三衡水一测）After waiting for a few more minutes, in which I showed all signs of being
impatient, I asked him if my work was done. Immediately I uttered the words, I felt as if a bombshell had fallen on
him. He ____26___, “ Nothing is done. It will ____27____ time.
26 A. answered B. whispered C. shouted D. responded
27.A. save B. take C. waste D. spend
完形填空
（2023 上·河北保定·高三河北省唐县第一中学校考期末）David hoped to be a teacher when he was
young. “The minute I walked into my university, I knew 1 what I wanted to be,” he says. “The teachers
were so 2 and welcome.”
As an education major, he was excited to learn his classroom 3 would begin during his second year
of his university. “That was very important to me because I didn’t want to 4 until I was a student teacher
to get into a classroom,” he says. David was also 5 by his university’s short-term study abroad program
and the opportunities it offers to students to be adaptable to the university.
David quickly adapted himself to the university. He was 6 freshman class president and joined
many organizations, all about children education. He also held several campus 7 , took on several
leadership positions and was accepted into a leadership development program. “These 8 allowed me to
learn things outside the classroom. I built my 9 in leadership and teamwork,” says David. “These are real
life experiences that I can 10 to the classroom.”
By the end of the second year of his university, David had 11 two practicums (实习课) at
elementary schools, including a special education internship (实习) focused on students with reading 12
. He went on to finish two 13 practicums and a student teaching task over the next two years.
Two months before graduation, David was 14 a full-time position as a special education teacher
at Millstone River Elementary School in the West Windsor—the same school where he completed his junior
practicum in spring 2017. “It is such a relief to be hired so early. I feel all my hard work 15 ,” he says.
1．A．regularly
B．exactly
C．widely
D．randomly
2．A．clever
B．proud
C．warm
D．mean
3．A．playing
B．building
C．disciplines
D．experiences
4．A．run
B．wait
C．study
D．respond
5．A．bored
B．frightened
C．attracted
D．confused
6．A．voted
B．allowed
C．sent
D．left
7．A．libraries
B．tasks
C．jobs
D．posters
8．A．failures
B．performances
C．requests
D．activities
9．A．skills
B．tips
C．right
D．body
10．A．return
B．bring
C．throw
D．award
11．A．chosen
B．forgotten
C．refused
D．completed
12．A．disorders
B．preferences
C．abilities
D．habits
13．A．easy
B．expensive
C．additional
D．strange
14．A．passed
B．offered
C．showed
D．served
15．A．paid off
B．went wrong
C．fell apart
D．broke down
（2024 上·黑龙江绥化·高三校考期末）I was in the back seat of a yellow taxi grabbing my mother’s hand
like a 5-year-old. But in fact, I was 28 years old, still 16 , and hoping my mom would make it all right.
We were coming home from the 17 , and I was in a full-body brace, having survived spinal (脊柱的)
surgery exactly a week earlier and headed to my tiny apartment in San Francisco. Each time the taxi 18
over the steep hills, I felt as if my bones were 19 . I doubted that I would get hurt again during the
journey.
I was about to open my mouth to shout at the driver or at least 20 , when my mom leaned forward
and said cheerfully, “Thank you!” The driver glanced at us 21 from his mirror. “You’re just the best
driver I’ve ever seen,” my mom continued. “These hills must be so 22 to drive on. And I am so 23
. My daughter had surgery on her back and is so 24 . Because of you, she’s going to get home safe. Thank
you. You’re wonderful.”
In the mirror, I could see the driver 25 proudly. I felt a flash of 26 , but before I had a
chance to 27 my mother’s words, a miracle happened. The driver slowed down. He stretched his neck
left and right to 28 a smooth ride before making each turn. Indeed, he drove us home like the best driver
I’d ever seen.
In that moment of 29 , what my wise mom had instinctively done was only obvious to me: 30
is powerful.
16．A．scared
B．tired
C．upset
D．confused
17．A．shelter
B．hospital
C．college
D．countryside
18．A．bounced
B．blocked
C．interrupted
D．trapped
19．A．out of shape
B．out of reach
C．out of control
D．out of place
20．A．whisper
B．explain
C．warn
D．complain
21．A．especially
B．doubtfully
C．properly
D．personally
22．A．interesting
B．hard
C．easy
D．familiar
23．A．grateful
B．hopeful
C．great
D．guilty
24．A．proud
B．patient
C．weak
D．soft
25．A．shaking
B．smiling
C．joking
D．applauding
26．A．embarrassmentB．pity
C．satisfaction
D．anger
27．A．receive
B．forgive
C．contradict
D．recognize
28．A．expect
B．experience
C．delay
D．ensure
29．A．crisis
B．account
C．guidance
D．recognition
30．A．Praise
B．Love
C．Trust
D．Communication
（2023 上·山东潍坊·高三校考期末）Patrick, Scheels store’s fishing manager, always helps customers with
their angling (垂钓) needs, but one 31 stood out.
One day, a young boy named Xander entered the store with his mother, Brynn. Patrick noticed his eye were
filled with 32 about the world of fishing. For nearly half an hour, they 33 their shared passion.
Brynn shared the 34 of Xander’s connection to angling, explaining, “My dad, a fisherman, passed
away last year, but Xander never got to go fishing with him. So over the last year, he’s been 35 grandpa,
wishing he could go fishing with him.”
36 by Xander’s longing for a connection to his late grandfather, Patrick decided to take action and
37 Xander his first fishing pole. “It was sixty dollars and he bought it with his own money,” Xander said. This
38 gesture brought tears to Brynn’s eyes, and she acknowleged that such acts of kindness aren’t 39 .
However, Patrick’s generosity didn’t 40 here. The 22-year-old fishing enthusiast went a step further by
41 a memorable fishing trip for Xander and his family. To 42 that Xander had an enriching experience,
two professional anglers from Scheels 43 him on the trip, offering guidance and teaching him valuable
skills.
Patrick’s kindness was 44 a breath of fresh air for Xander and his family, who described the fishing
trip as a once-in-a-lifetime 45 . “I felt like it was my due diligence to pass on the good word of fishing,”
Patrick said.
31．A．argument
B．journey
C．adventure
D．encounter
32．A．curiosity
B．nervousness
C．concern
D．regret
33．A．debated over
B．bonded over
C．stuck to
D．turned to
34．A．wisdom
B．evidence
C．significance
D．definition
35．A．missing
B．blaming
C．admiring
D．persuading
36．A．Annoyed
B．Touched
C．Amused
D．Surprised
37．A．gifted
B．lent
C．showed
D．made
38．A．ambitious
B．strange
C．genuine
D．urgent
39．A．practical
B．avoidable
C．secure
D．common
40．A．root
B．stop
C．appear
D．reach
41．A．recording
B．postponing
C．organizing
D．canceling
42．A．reveal
B．stress
C．prove
D．ensure
43．A．accompanied
B．monitored
C．assessed
D．sponsored
44．A．possibly
B．initially
C．truly
D．mainly
45．A．deal
B．experience
C．task
D．performance
（2023 上·河北·高三石家庄一中实验学校校联考期末）When I first visited Mexico, I spoke Spanish well.
So when I 46 an ice-cream in a shop, and the local seller said “ahorita,” which directly translates to
“right now,” I smiled and waited nearby, believing that its arrival was 47 .
Half an hour passed and still no ice-cream arrived, so I asked again about it. “Ahorita,” he 48 again
and his face was a mix of confusion and 49 .
I was 50 . Waiting longer wasn’t pleasant, but it was impolite to walk away if the ice-cream was now
being delivered just for me. But finally, after waiting too long, I made a rush for the nearest bus to take me home.
51 , it really wasn’t my fault. As I left, I 52 at my wrist and shrugged to the ice-cream seller, leaving
him in 53 confusion.
This experience 54 in my memory until years later when I came back to live in Mexico. I
discovered that understanding “ahorita” took not a 55 in the language, but rather a fluency in the
56 . When someone from Mexico says “ahorita,” it should almost never be taken literally (照字面地); its
meaning 57 greatly with context. As a linguist 58 , “Ahorita could mean tomorrow, in an
hour, within five years or never.” It is even used as a(n) 59 way of saying “no, thanks” when refusing
a(n) 60 .
46．A．selected
B．ordered
C．picked
D．bought
47．A．certain
B．regular
C．scheduled
D．immediate
48．A．responded
B．lied
C．refused
D．exclaimed
49．A．relief
B．comfort
C．panic
D．embarrassment
50．A．torn
B．ashamed
C．doubtful
D．sure
51．A．Hopefully
B．Luckily
C．Obviously
D．Thankfully
52．A．stared
B．signaled
C．shouted
D．aimed
53．A．total
B．modest
C．unexpected
D．amazing
54．A．remained
B．faded
C．shone
D．appeared
55．A．time
B．history
C．manners
D．fluency
56．A．habit
B．shopping
C．culture
D．time
57．A．varies
B．grows
C．extends
D．stays
58．A．questions
B．expects
C．outlines
D．illustrates
59．A．polite
B．funny
C．amazing
D．popular
60．A．application
B．design
C．offer
D．request
