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三年（2020-2022）高考真题英语分项汇编
专题14 完形填空记叙文（20 空）
2022 年高考真题
1.【2022 年全国甲卷】
You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.
For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their ___41___ was nearly enough to keep
my loneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with ___42___. When I first dated Steve, I ___43___
he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was ___44___ that he was an animal lover, I ___45___ that three
dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack ___46___, the cat.
The next week we ___47___ our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch our ___48___,
Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing (求婚)? I liked him too, but so ___49___? He poured water from a
bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. ______50______, I began to fall for him.
We ______51______ to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly
had an operation on her ______52______. I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly
______53______ climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve ______54______ his house. All
worked ______55______. The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, ______56______ Flora’s space;
Steve and I formed a good team ______57______ for Tilly. We made good housemates.
A year later, much to my ______58______, this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He
did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I ______59______ him to. That’s only for giving ______60______ to the dogs
that brought us together.
41. A. ownership
B. membership
C. companionship
D. leadership
42. A. reservations
B. expectations
C. confidence
D. prejudice
43. A. feared
B. doubted
C. hoped
D. learned
44. A. unsatisfied
B. amused
C. terrified
D. thrilled
45. A. predicted
B. worried
C. regretted
D. insisted
46. A. Flora
B. Chance
C. Molly
D. Tilly
47. A. tied
B. walked
C. bathed
D. fed
48. A. breath
B. balance
C. attention
D. imagination
49. A. calm
B. sure
C. soon
D. real
50. A. By the way
B. In that case
C. By all means
D. In that moment
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51. A. continued
B. decided
C. intended
D. pretended
52. A. eye
B. tail
C. ear
D. leg
53. A. secretly
B. constantly
C. eventually
D. unwillingly
54. A. left
B. sold
C. suggested
D. searched
55. A. late
B. hard
C. fine
D. free
56. A. emptied
B. respected
C. occupied
D. discovered
57. A. looking
B. caring
C. waiting
D. calling
58. A. delight
B. credit
C. interest
D. disadvantage
59. A. beg
B. trust
C. need
D. aid
60. A. toys
B. awards
C. food
D. water
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. D 45. B 46. A 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. D 53. B 54.
C 55. C 56. B 57. B 58. A 59. C 60. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者认为你可以从一个男人对待他的狗的方式来了解他很多，作
者多年和两只爱犬生活在一起，去年开始和拥有猫狗的史蒂夫约会，但有所保留，因为一次遛狗时史蒂夫
把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者渐渐对史蒂夫产生好感，在之后的接触中，史蒂夫和作者一起照顾作者的爱犬，
一年后史蒂夫向作者求婚。
【41 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们的陪伴几乎足以让我远离孤独。A. ownership 所有权；B. membership 会员；
C. companionship 陪伴；D. leadership 领导。由上文的“For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly
and Chance. (多年来，我喜欢和我的狗Tilly 和Chance 生活在一起)”可知，作者多年和狗狗生活在一起，
可得出狗狗陪伴着作者，让作者远离孤独。故选C 项。
【42 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年，我开始约会，但有所保留。A. reservations 保留；B. expectations 期望；
C. confidence 信心；D. prejudice 偏见。由下文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to
my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗)”和“I began to fall for him (我开始爱上他)”可知，作者
是在第二周和史蒂夫一起遛狗时，因为史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者才对史蒂夫产生好感，可得出刚
开始约会时，因为不熟悉史蒂夫的品行，作者还是有所保留的。故选A 项。
【43 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时，我得知他有一条名叫Molly 的狗和一只名叫Flora
的猫。A. feared 恐惧；B. doubted 怀疑；C. hoped 希望；D. learned 得知。由上文的“When I first dated Steve
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(当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时)”和常识可知，第一次约会会得知对方相关情况，作者从而得知史蒂夫有一
只狗和一只猫。故选D 项。
【44 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我
狗可
能会攻击猫Flora。A. unsatisfied 不满意的；B. amused 愉快的；C. terrified 害怕的；D. thrilled 非常开心的。
由下文的“he was an animal lover (他是一个动物爱好者)”可知，得知史蒂夫是一个动物爱好者，多年和两
只爱犬生活在一起的作者应该是感到愉快高兴。故选D 项。
【45 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能
会攻击猫Flora。A. predicted 预测；B. worried 担心；C. regretted 后悔；D. insisted 坚持。由下文的“three
dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 6 the cat (三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻
击猫)”可知，作者认为三条狗可能太多了，且自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫，针对这种情况，作者是担
忧的。故选B 项。
【46 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能
会攻击猫Flora。A. Flora 弗洛拉；B. Chance 机会；C. Molly 莫莉；D. Tilly 蒂莉。选项指的是文中动物名词。
由上文的“he had a dog, Molly, and a car, Flora (他有一条名叫Molly 的狗和一只名叫Flora 的猫)”可知，此
处指作者担心自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flora。故选A 项。
【47 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二周，我们一起遛狗。A. tied 系；B. walked 牵着（动物）走；C. bathed 沐浴；
D. fed 喂养。由本处的“ 7
our dogs together (一起……我们的狗)”以及下文“When we paused”可知，
作者和史蒂夫在一起遛狗。故选B 项。
【48 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们停下来休息时，史蒂夫单膝跪下。A. breath 呼吸；B. balance 平衡；C.
attention 注意力；D. imagination 想象。由上文的“It was a hot day. When we paused (那是一个炎热的日子。
当我们停下)”可知，那天很热，遛狗的二人停下来休息一下，catch one’s breath (休息一下、歇一口气)。
故选A 项。
【49 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也喜欢他，但这么快？A. calm 冷静的；B. sure 确定的；C. soon 很快的；D
real 真正的。由上文的“The next week (第二周)”和“Was he proposing (求婚)? (他在求婚吗)”可知，二人
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才认识两周，作者以为史蒂夫要向自己求婚，认为进展太快了。故选C 项。
【50 题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我开始爱上他。A. By the way 顺便说一句；B. In that case 那样的
话；C. By all means 务必；D. In that moment 那一刻。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand
and offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗)”和下文的“I began to fall for him (我开
始爱上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水给作者爱犬喝的那一刻，还有所保留的作者卸下心防，对史蒂夫产生好
感。故选D 项。
【51 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们继续约会，虽然我们都没有提到未来。A. continued 继续；B. decided 决定；
C. intended 打算；D. pretended 假装。由上文的“I began to fall for him (我开始爱上他)”可知，作者对史蒂
夫产生好感，可得出二人会继续约会。故选A 项。
【52 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：11 月下旬，Tilly 的腿做了一次手术。A. eye 眼睛；B. tail 尾巴；C. ear 耳朵；D.
leg 腿。由下文的“I worried that Tilly 13 climbing the stairs could reopen the wound (我担心Tilly 爬楼梯
会使伤口重新裂开)”可知，作者担心爬楼会影响Tilly 的伤口，可得出Tilly 的腿做了手术。故选D 项。
【53 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一天带狗出去四次，我担心Tilly 不断地爬楼梯会使伤口重新裂开。A.
secretly 秘密地；B. constantly 不断地；C. eventually 最终；D. unwillingly 不情愿地。由上文的“I took the
dogs out four times a day (我一天带狗出去四次)”可知，作者一天带狗出去四次，可得出狗狗（包括Tilly）
要不断地爬楼梯。故选B 项。
【54 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后史蒂夫离开了他的房子。A. left 离开；B. sold 卖；C. suggested 建议，推荐；
D. searched 搜寻。由下文的“We made good housemates. (我们是很好的室友)”可知，二人成为室友。可以
推断出来，因为害怕作者的狗爬楼梯不方便，所以建议作者搬过去一起住。故选C 项。
【55 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都很好。A. late 晚的；B. hard 困难的；C. fine 好的；D. free 自由的。由
下文的“The three dogs formed a pack (这三条狗组成了一个团队)”和“Steve and I formed a good team (史蒂
夫和我组成了一个好团队)”“We made good housemates. (我们是很好的室友)”可知，狗狗相处友好，作者
和史蒂夫相处也友好，可得出一切都好。故选C 项。
【56 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flora 的空间；史蒂夫和我组成了
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一个照顾Tilly 的好团队。A. emptied 清空；B. respected 尊重；C. occupied 占据；D. discovered 发现。由上
文的“my dogs might attack 6 , the cat (我的狗可能会攻击猫)”和“The three dogs formed a pack that,
with coaching (这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下)”可知，起初作者担心自己的狗会攻击史蒂夫的猫
Flora，但作者的狗和史蒂夫的狗相处友好，可得出在训练下，狗不会去攻击猫，结合动物的领地意识可知，
此处指狗尊重猫的空间。故选B 项。
【57 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flora 的空间；史蒂夫和我组成了
一个照顾Tilly 的好团队。A. looking 看；B. caring 照顾；C. waiting 等待；D. calling 打电话。由上文的
“Tilly had an operation (Tilly 做了一次手术)”可知，作者的狗Tilly 做过手术，史蒂夫和作者一起居住后，
和作者一起照顾术后康复的Tilly。故选B 项。
【58 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一年后，令我非常高兴的是，这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚。A.
delight 高兴；B. credit 信用；C. interest 兴趣；D. disadvantage 缺点。由下文的“this man produced a little
box with a ring and proposed to me (这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒子向我求婚)”可知，史蒂夫向作者求婚，
作者应该是感到高兴。故选A 项。
【59 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有跪下，我也不需要他跪下。A. beg 乞求；B. trust 信任；C. need 需要；D.
aid 帮助。由上文的“He did not kneel (跪) down (他没有跪下)”和常识可知，一般求婚是要下跪的，但史蒂
夫没有下跪，作者对此并不在意，因为作者不需要他下跪。故选C 项。
【60 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是给爱犬喝水的举动把我们带到一起。A. toys 玩具；B. awards 奖励；C. food
食物；D. water 水。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. 10 ,
I began to fall for him. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗。我开始爱上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水给
作者爱犬喝的那一刻，还有所保留的作者卸下心防，对史蒂夫产生好感，所以是“给爱犬喝水”的举动让
二人走到了一起。故选D 项。
2.2022 年1 月浙江卷
When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy-four last year, she started having problems with her 36 ,
notably dryness and discomfort.
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"I was simply 37 a terrible experience," Ms. Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto. "I felt so
helpless and insecure because the quality of my 38 was affected."
Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had 39 problems and discovered that they were largely
suffering in 40 . "Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so 41 ," she said. "But more and
more are suffering and lives are being 42 ."
Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research 43 at Tel Aviv University in
Israel .The research team 44 Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done 45 work on eye care
using stem cells. Seeing a ray of hope ,Ms.Burdeyney began raising 46 for the project with a friend,
Toronto businessman Meyer Zeifman. 47 she has raised $110,000 with another $40,000 48 .
"I'm trying to get more and more people to 49 that there are solutions( 解决办法)," said Ms.
Burdeyney, a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after 50 . "I say there is no
old 51 , there's only neglect(忽视). Don't stand 52 , do something about it."
Ms. Burdeyney 53 that she was hoping to do more for the research project. "I just want to
bring54 into people's eyes and this is just the 55 ."There is still a long way to go.”
36.A. throat B.skin C.lungs D.eyes
37.A.getting over B.going through C.holding on D.passing down
38.A.story B.treatment C.life D.relationship
39.A.similar B.various C.personal D.special
40.A.turn B.peace C.vain D.silence
41.A.unbearable B.abnormal C.insignificant D.disturbing
42.A.compromised B.forgotten C.substituted D.separated
43.A.course B.program C.paper D.conference
44.A.informed B.doubted C.included D.dismissed
45.A.part-time B.controversial c.voluntary D.ground-breaking
46.A.money B.standards C.awareness D.questions
47.A.As ever B.So far C.In return D.Once again
48.A.wasted B.donated C.expected D.earned
49.A.imagine B.confirm C.remember D.understand
50.A.retirement B.childbirth C.graduation D.marriage
51.A.time B.rule C.age D.tale
52.A.straight B.still C.firm D.alone
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53.A.commented B.learned C.reminded D.added
54.A.light B.joy C.color D.beauty
55.A.future B.beginning C.truth D.meaning
【答案】36-40:DBCAD 41-45CABCD 46-50ABCDA 51-55CBDAB
解析：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位患有眼疾的老太太在得知自己的朋友也饱受眼疾困扰后，为眼科研
究项目募集资金，希望能够给眼疾病人带来光明的故事。
详解：
36．D 根据下文 Ms．Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research 可知， Burdeyney 女士患的是眼部
（eyes）疾病。
37．B 根据上文 Burdeyney 女士患了眼疾，主要症状为眼部干涩不适可知，她在经历（going through）一
种糟糕的体验。
38．C 患眼疾之后，Burdeyney 女士感到十分无助且缺乏安全感，这是由于眼疾影响了她的生活（life）质
量。
39．A 根据下文...discovered that they were largely suffering... more and more are suffering and lives are being...
可知，Burdeyney 女士应该是和一 些患有相似（similar）疾病的朋友们交谈。
40．D 根据下文的 Nobody chooses to talk about it 可知，大部分眼疾患者都保持沉默（silence）。
41．C 根据上句和所在句的句意可知，患者们默默地忍受病痛，不去谈论自己的眼疾，以及后句But...推
知，眼疾在人们看来是微不足道的（insignificant）疾病，其余选项均不符合句意。
42．A But 引出语意的转折，点明了患者们的生活现状，即越来越多的人遭受眼疾困扰，生活受到影响，
深陷无奈（compromised）。
43．B 根据最后一段中的 the research project 可知，这是一个眼科研究项目(program)。
44．C 由下文内容可知，加拿大医生 Allan Slomovic 是这一研究团队的一员，即这一团队包括
（included）这名医生。
45．D 根据下文的 using stem cells 和 Seeing a ray of hope 可知，AllanSlomovic 医生利用干细胞在眼保健
方面做出了开创性的（ground-breaking）工作，这让Burdeyney 女士看到一线希望。
46．A 根据下文的 she has raised ＄110,000 with another ＄40,000...可知，Burdeyney 女士为这一研究项目
募集资金（money）。
47．B 根据空白处后的she has raised ＄110,000 可知，此处是说到目前为止（So far），她已经募集了11
万美元。
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48．C Burdeyney 女士已经募集了11 万美元，预计（expected）还能再募集4 万美元。
49．D Burdeyney 女士努力让越来越多的人认识到（understand）有办法解决眼疾困扰。
50．A 文章第一段提到 Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy-four last year， 由此可知 Burdeyney 女士已经
退休（retirement）。
51．C Burdeyney 女士认为不存在老年（age）的问题，只有对眼疾的忽视。
52．B 根据空白处后的 do something about it 可知，要做点什么，不要站着不动。stand still 意为“站着不
动；止步不前”，符合语境。
53．D 空白处后提到Burdeyney 女士希望自己能够为这个研究项目做出更多的贡献，这是在她说完上一段
话语后表达自己的愿望，故added 符合语境。
54．A 根据空白处后的 into people＇s eyes 可知，Burdeyney 女士想给人们的眼睛带来光明（light）。
55．B 根据空白处后的 There is still a long way to go．可知，这仅仅是开始(beginning)。
2021 年高考真题
1.【2021 年6 月浙江卷】
My mother is 92. Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her 1 and
visit the doctor, providing 2 and transportation. During the week, however, she likes to go to a
nearby store to 3 some small things she needs.
Last week she walked up to the store, but when she went to pay for her groceries, she
was 4 about three dollars. The only 5 to pay for the groceries was to take off the 6 she
could do without: a bottle of nubbing alcohol（医用酒精）and a bar of soap. By taking off these, she was
able to 7 the new total to the amount of cash she had with her.
At this store, people 8 and then go off to the side to 9 their own groceries. My mother was
putting her groceries into shopping bags when a 10
came up her and said. "Here are the things that
you 11
, " handing her the rubbing alcohol and the 12
. My mother, who is never speechless,
was speechless. She 13
for the woman's name and address so that she could 14
her. The
woman told her it was her 15
.
My mothet was so 16
by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier
（收银员）a five-dollar bill to keep on hand 17
the same happened to someone else if they didn't
have enough 18
for all of their groceries.
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So, whoever you are, thank you for the random act of 19
that not only helped my mother out,
but 20
too.
1.A.exercise B.housework C.cooking D.shopping
2.A.reward B.medicine C.company D.shelter
3.A.return B.collect C.order D.buy
4.A.short B.cautious C.wrong D.concerned
5.A.aim B.way C.advice D.reason
6.A.weight B.things C.mask D.glasses
7.A.raise B.add C.bring D.switch
8.A.show up B.call in C.check out D.sit down
9.A.store B.select C.deliver D.bag
10.A.stranger B.cashier C.friend D.doctor
11.A.looked for B.talked about C.threw away D.put back
12.A.receipt B.soap C.cash D.bottle
13.A.asked B.waited C.cared D.searched
14.A.repay B.trust C.recognize D.help
15.A.luck B.chance C.gift D.turn
16.A.surprised B.amused C.touched D.convinced
17.A.in case B.even if C.as though D.so that
18.A.energy B.money C.space D.time
19.A.faith B.courage C.kindness D.honor
20.A.made her day B.changed her mind C.caught her eye D.met her demand
【文章大意】本文是一篇温情小故事：“我”的母亲在商店买东西结账时，随身带的钱不够， 一位陌生
女士善意帮忙，母亲决心把这份爱心传递了下去。
【解析】
1：D
考查名词辨析。A. exercise 运动； B. housework 家务； C. cooking 烹饪； D. shopping 购物。根据下
一句 "但是在周中，她喜欢去附近的商店买一些她需要的小东西" 可知，我带母亲去购物（规律性的较大
型采买）和看医生，故选D。
2：C
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考查名词辨析。A. reward 报酬； B. medicine 药品； C. company 陪伴； D. shelter 庇护，避难所。根据句
意可知我带母亲是去购物和看医生，因此我提供的只能是陪伴和交通。易错项：注意providing 作为伴随状
语，其主语为句子主语I，而非doctor。故选C。
3：D
考查动词辨析。A. return 返回； B. collect 收集； C. order 命令，下单； D. buy 购买。
根据句意 "但是在周中，她喜欢去附近的商店买一些她需要的小东西" 可知是 "购买"，故选D。
4：A
考查形容词辨析。A. short 短的，不足的，缺乏的； B. cautious 谨慎小心的； C. wrong 错的； D.
concerned 担心的，关心的。根据句意和下文可知母亲在购物结账时（when she went to pay…），发现差三
元钱，short 表示 "不足，缺少的"，故选A。
5：B
考查名词辨析。A. aim 目标； B. way 方式； C. advice 建议； D. reason 理由。根据句意 "支付这些货品唯
一的方式是拿掉一些可以不买的东西" 可知是pay 的方式，故选B。
6：B
考查名词辨析。A. weight 重量；B. things 东西；C. mask 面具，口罩；D. glasses 眼镜，玻璃杯。根据句意
"支付这些货品唯一的方式是拿掉一些可以不买的东西" 可知此处是去掉一些 "东西"，故选B。
7：C
考查动词辨析。A. raise 提高，筹集；养育；B. add 添加；C. bring 带来；使处于某种情况；把……移到；
D. switch 改变；转换。根据句意 "…她能让新的总额到达她随身携带的现金额" 可知是 "使total 到达一个
值"，故选C。
8：C
考查动词词组辨析。A. show up 出现，露面；B. call in 召来，拜访；C. check out 结账离开；D. sit down 坐
下。根据句意 "人们结账后然后离开到一边去装包自己的物品" 可知是 "结账"，故选C。
9：D
考查动词辨析。A. store 储存；B. select 选择；C. deliver 递送；D. bag 把……装入袋中。根据句意 "人们结
账后然后离开到一边去装包自己的物品" 可知是把买来的东西装袋，故选D。
10：A
考查名词辨析。A. stranger 陌生人；B. cashier 收银员；C. friend 朋友；D. doctor 医生。根据下文（13 空所
在的句子）可知母亲问这位女士的姓名和地址，好去还钱；证明母亲不认识这位女士，因此选择陌生人，
故选A。
11： D
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考查动词词组辨析。A. looked for 寻找；B. talked about 谈论；C. threw away 扔掉；D. put back 放回。根据
句意 "这是你……的东西"，递给母亲的正是她刚刚去掉（即放回商店）的医用酒精和肥皂，可知是填 "放
回去" ，故选D。
12：B
考查名词辨析。A. receipt 收据；B. soap 肥皂；C. cash 现金；D. bottle 瓶子。根据句意 "递给母亲的正是医
用酒精和……" 并结合上文可知，正是6 空所在句子中提到的酒精和肥皂，故选B。
13：A
考查动词辨析。A. asked 问；B. waited 等待；C. cared 关心，在意；D. searched 寻找。根据句意 "她问这位
女士的姓名和地址，好来还钱" 可知是询问，故选A。
14：A
考查动词辨析。A. repay 归还，偿还；B. trust 信任；C. recognize 认出；D. help 帮助。根据句意可知母亲
询问女士的姓名地址以便把钱归还给她。故选A。
15：C
考查名词辨析。A. luck 运气；B. chance 机会，可能性；C. gift 礼物；D. turn （轮流的）机会。根据上下
文可知，母亲想要把钱会给她，但是她拒绝了，因此此处意为：这是送你的（礼物）。故选C。
16： C
考查形容词辨析。A. surprised 惊讶的；B. amused 逗乐的；C. touched 感动的；D. convinced 坚信的。空
格后的her gesture 指的是上文陌生人的好心帮助，由此可知母亲的情感为 "感动的"。故选C。
17：A
考查连词辨析。A. in case 万一；B. even if 即使；C. as though 好像；D. so that 以至于。根据句意：母亲
决定给收银员5 美元，万一别人也遇到同样的事情，也就是上文母亲遇到的买东西时钱不够的情况。故选
A。
18：B
考查名词辨析。A. energy 能量；B. money 金钱；C. space 空间；D. time 时间。根据句意：没有足够的钱
买下所有的东西。故选B。
19：C
考查名词辨析。A. faith 信念；B. courage 勇气；C. kindness 善良；D. honor 荣耀。根据上文这位陌生人
对母亲的帮助可知此处为 "感谢你的善良举动"。故选C。
20：A
考查词组辨析。A. made her day 使她心情愉悦； B. changed her mind 改变她的想法； C. caught her eye 吸
引她的眼球；D. met her demand 满足她的要求。根据句意可知陌生人的善意不仅帮助了我们母亲，同时也
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使她心情愉悦。故选A。
2.【2021 年6 月全国甲卷】
It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the
Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada.
Burchill was 1 at the hotel on business and planning to 2 some friends in the area. They
had asked him to 3 some pepperoni
（辣香肠）from back east. So he 4 a suitcase full of
pepperoni. As he was 5 that it would be too warm, he 6 it out on the table near an open
window. He thought his pepperoni was 7 and well chilled
（冷却）and he 8 .
That's when things went 9 Eyy temenier walking down the long 10
and opening the door
to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls, " Burchill said in a recent letter of 11
to the 4-star
hotel.“The seagulls immediately went 12
They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying
to 13
at the same time, and pepperoni—everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were
falling down, It was a real 14
."
Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion （莽撞）. “I
have 15
and I admit responsibility for my 16
, " he said in the letter. “I come to you, 17
,
to apologize for the damage I had 18
caused and to ask you to 19
my lifetime ban from the
hotel."
His letter 20
. Banned from the hotel since 2001, Burchill is now welcome to come back, the
Fairmont said.
1.A.studying B.staying C.looking D.packing
2.A.visit B.help C.follow D.make
3.A.sell B.have C.bring D.taste
4.A.filled B.locked C.abandoned D.lost
5.A.surprised B.pleased C.excited D.worried
6.A.dug B.cleared C.cut D.laid
7.A.delicious B.safe C.soft D.ready
8.A.left B.nodded C.waited D.regretted
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9.A.far B.funny C.wrong D.blind
10.A.beach B.driveway C.hall D.table
11.A.application B.apology C.request D.invitation
12.A.hungry B.dead C.missing D.wild
13.A.wake up B.get out C.take off D.break in
14.A.mess B.puzzle C.fight D.challenge
15.A.recovered B.retired C.escaped D.matured
16.A.suffering B.plans C.madness D.actions
17.A.hands in pockets B.nose in the air C.hat in hand D.feet on the ground
18.A.indirectly B.deliberately C.cautiously D.secretly
19.A.replace B.remember C.reconsider D.renew
20.A.arrived B.worked C.ended D.disappeared
【文章大意】本文是记叙文，文章讲述了主人公酒店出差住店时的一次不愉快经历。主人公住酒店时，拿
出来的香肠吸引了鸽子，而让宾馆收到损失。最后事情得到了圆满解决，主人公又再次成为宾馆的座上宾，
宾馆也欢迎他随时回来。
【解析】
1：D
考查动词。根据下文 "a suitcase full of pepperoni" 和 "he 26 it out on the table near an open window" 可知，
Burchill 装了满满一箱子的腊肠，因为担心太热，温度过高，他把香肠放到窗户的桌子上，一遍香肠可以
冷却。由此可以推断他当时正在酒店收拾行李。A. studying 学习，研究B. staying 待着C. looking 看 D.
packing 打包，故选D。
2 ：A
考查动词。根据下文 "They had asked him to 23 some pepperoni（辣香肠） from back east." 可知他的朋友
叫他带点香肠给他们，所以这里应该是他去拜访朋友或者看望朋友。A. visit 拜访B. help 帮助C. follow
追随 D. make 交朋友。故选A。
3 ：C
考查动词。根据上文，they 只带朋友，所以这里应该是让他带一些香肠过去。A. sell 卖 B.
have 拥有C. bring 带来D. taste 品尝。故选C。
4 ：A
考查动词。前面是bring 在根据上文，Burchill 正在打包，所以这里应该是把箱子填满了香肠。A. filled 填
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满 B. locked 锁上C. abandoned 放弃D. lost 丢失。故选A。
5 ：D
考查形容词、副词。根据本句 "too warm" 所以这里应该是Burchill 担心太热。A. surprised 吃惊的 B.
pleased 高兴的 C. excited 兴奋的 D. worried 担忧的。故选D。
6 ： D
考查动词。根据后问 "out on" 应该是他把香肠拿出来放到桌子上。A. dug 挖 B. cleared 清
理 C. cut 剪断，切 D. laid 放置。故选D。
7 ：B
考查形容词、副词。他认为他的香肠会_____, 会冷却，所以他_____.这里应该是他觉得放在桌子上没问题，
所以他离开了。A. delicious 美味的 B. safe 安全的 C. soft 柔软的 D. ready
准备好的。故选B。
8 ：A
考查动词。他认为他的香肠会_____, 会冷却，所以他_____.这里应该是他觉得放在桌子上没问题，所以他
离开了。A. left 离开 B. nodded 点头 C. waited 等待 D. regretted 后悔。
故选A。
9 ：C
考查形容词、副词。这里根据文章的首段，加拿大维多利亚州费尔蒙特皇后酒店(Fairmont Empress Hotel)
的尼克•伯奇尔(Nick Burchill)被列入黑名单，至少部分罪魁祸首应该是海边的鸟儿。这里go wrong 表示发
生了意外。A. go far 成功，扬名 B. go funny 变得可笑 C. go wrong 出错，出毛
病 D.go blind 失明。故选C。
10 ：C
考查名词。根据 "walking down the long 30__ and opening the door " 可以猜测这里应该是回了酒店，所
以只能是走过长长的酒店的走廊。A. beach 海滩 B. driveway 车道 C. hall 走廊（熟词生义）D.
table 桌子。故选C。
11 ：B
考查名词。根据下文 "I come to you, 37 , to apologize for the damage I had " 可以得知，这里应该是道歉。
A. application 申请B. apology 道歉 C. request 请求 D. invitation 邀请。故选B。
12 ：D
考查形容词、副词。根据下文 "They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to 33 at the same time,
and pepperoni—everywhere." 可知，海鸥应该是着急出去。A. go hungry 饥饿的 B. go dead 死的；
不起作用的 C. go missing 迷失的 D. go wild 疯狂的。故选D。
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13 ：B
考查短语。这里应该是海鸥应该是着急出去。A. wake up 唤醒 B. get out 出去 C. take off
脱下；起飞 D. break in 闯入。故选B。
14 ：A
考查名词。根据前面 "The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down" 可知，此时的状况应该是
一团糟。A. mess 乱糟糟 B. puzzle 谜团 C. fight 斗争 D. challenge
挑战。故选A。
15 ：D
考查动词。空格后面我承认我对此事有责任，根据上文 "Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the
incident to youthful indiscretion 伯奇尔年纪大了，也更聪明了，他把这件事归咎于年轻人的轻率行为" 和下
文 "to apologize for the damage" 可以推测此时我应该是成熟了，长大了。A. recovered 恢复 B. retired 退
休 C. escaped 逃跑 D. matured 成熟。故选D。
16 ： D
考查名词。同上，应该是为我的行为感到道歉。A. suffering 遭受 B. plans 计划
C. madness 疯狂 D. actions 行动。故选D。
17 ：C
考查短语。根据后文，为了道歉， 那么应该是毕恭毕敬的道歉。A. hands in pockets 两手抄兜B. nose in
the air 目中无人 C. hat in hand 毕恭毕敬地 D. feet on the ground 脚踏实地。故选C。
18 ：A
考查形容词、副词。根据 "had caused" 在根据前文他的过失，所以很容易得知这里应该是无心之举。A.
indirectly 间接地 B. deliberately 故意地 C. cautiously 小心谨慎地 D. secretly
秘密地。故选A。
19 ：C
考查动词。根据 "my lifetime ban from the hotel" 应该是请求移除对我的黑明显限制。 A. replace 代替
B. remember 记得 C. reconsider 重新考虑 D. renew 更新。故选C。
20 ：B
考查动词。根据后文 "Burchill is now welcome to come back" 可知他现在已经不在黑名单中了，所以他的道
歉是起了作用的。 A. arrived 到达B. worked 工作 C. ended 以……结束 D.
disappeared 消失。故选B。
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3.【2021.3 天津】
For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got 1 when he
discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his 2 took a turn. After letting go
of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy 3 .
For Pruitt, a keen bicyclist, the first thing to do was 4 his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping,
he found few available, which got him thinking: What if the 5 of bikes was Covid-19 related, and what if the
person who'd taken his bike really needed 6 to get to work?
With that thought in mind, Pruitt 7 a plan and posted it on the community website. He 8 to fix
bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for unwanted bikes, which he would repair-
again 9 . And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn't have the 10
to
buy one.
The day the post went live, Pruitt received thirty 11
bicycles. Then came more than 500 12
for
detailed information. By the end of 2020, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 for donation or to be 13
to their
owners.
Pruitt tries to give his donations to families that are 14
struggling. 15
simply satisfying a material
need, he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes.
In addition to 16
skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of
community. 17
, the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment.
"It's a really great 18
for kids," said a neighbor in an interview with the local newspaper. "Pruitt is
certainly providing a 19
, but it's not just the bikes. It's the relationships in the community. It's
the 20
that he can make on people."
1.A.amazed B.mad C.curious D.frightened
2.A.emotions B.career C.opinions D.route
3.A.ever B.together C.instead D.yet
4.A.ride B.lock C.repair D.replace
5.A.lack B.variety C.increase D.quality
6.A.instruction B.qualification C.transportation D.permission
7.A.came up with B.stuck to C.gave up D.broke away from
8.A.remembered B.refused C.hesitated D.offered
9.A.by accident B.in advance C.for free D.on credit
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10.A.profit B.budget C.courage D.excuse
11.A.shared B.used C.expensive D.modern
12.A.enquiries B.advertisements C.notices D.announcements
13.A.exported B.sold C.lent D.returned
14.A.hardly B.slightly C.truly D.instantly
15.A.Without B.Beyond C.Upon D.Among
16.A.practical B.commercial C.mathematical D.social
17.A.Otherwise B.However C.Somehow D.Meanwhile
18.A.promise B.celebration C.comfort D.experience
19.A.competition B.service C.ceremony D.suggestion
20.A.compromise B.impression C.impact D.progress
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Robbie Pruitt 在自己的自行车被偷后，想出了给人免费修车的
计划。他把这一计划发布到了网上，主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。他还想要一些没人要的自行
车，他愿意再免费修理一次。然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们但没有预算买的人。他还教授邻居的
孩子们免费修车，得到了邻居的赞赏。
【解析】
1 ：B
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Robbie Pruitt 承认，去年9 月发现他的山地车被盗时，他很生气。A. amazed
惊讶的；B. mad 生气的；C.curicus 好奇的；D. frightened 害怕的。根据第一段最后一句 "After letting go of
his anger and frustration" 可知，发现车被偷，Robbie Pruitt 当时很生气。故选B。
2 ：A
考查名词词义辨析。句意∶但很快，他的情绪发生了变化。A. emotions 情绪；B. career 事业；C. opinions
观点；D. route 路线。结合后文"After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to
sympathy"可知，Robbie Pruitt 从生气沮丧变成了同情，情绪发生了变化。故选A。
3 ：C
考查副词词义辨析。句意∶在放下愤怒和沮丧之后，他发现自己走上了同情之路。A. ever 曾经；B.together
一起；C. instead 相反；D. yet 然而。结合上文 "he found himself on a road to sympathy" 可知，发现自己的
车被偷，Robbie Pruitt 放下愤怒和沮丧，反而走上了同情他人的道路。故选C。
4 ：D
考查动词词义辨析。句意∶对于热衷于骑自行车的Pruitt 来说，第一件要做的事就是取代他被偷的自行车。
A. ride 骑车；B. lock 锁上；C. repair 修理；D. replace 取代。根据后文 "his stolen bike. But when he went
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bike shopping" 可知，车被偷，Pruitt 要买车来取代被偷的自行车。故选D。
5 ：A
考查名词词义辨析。句意∶但当他去买自行车时，发现几乎没有自行车，这让他想到∶如果缺少自行车与
Covid-19 有关，如果骑他自行车的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. lack 缺乏；B. variety 多样；C.
increase 增加；D. quality 质量。根据上文 "he found few available" 可知，商店里也缺少自行车。故选A。
6 ： C
考查名词词义辨析。句意∶但当他去买自行车时，发现几乎没有自行车，这让他想到∶如果缺少自行车与
Covid-19 有关，如果骑他自行车的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. instruction 指令；B. qualification 资格；
C. transportation 运输工具；D. permission 允许。根据前后文可知，Pruitt 猜测偷自己自行车的人是因为确实
需要交通工具去上班。故选C。
7 ：A
考查动词短语辨析。句意︰带着这个想法，Pruitt 想出了一个计划，并把它发布在了社区网站上。A. come
up with 提出；B. stick to 坚持；C. give up 放弃；D. break away from 突然逃跑。根据后文 "a plan and posted
it on the community website" 指想出了一个计划，come up with 符合语境。故选A。
8 ：D
考查动词词义辨析。句意∶他主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。A. remember 记得；B. refuse 拒绝；
C. hesitate 犹豫；D. offer 提议。结合后文 " to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it." 指Pruitt 提议
为他人免费修车，offer to dosth."主动提出做某事”。故选D。
9 ：C
考查固定短语辨析。句意：他还想要一些没人要的自行车，他愿意再免费修理一次。A. by accident 偶然；
B. in advance 提前；C. for free 免费；D. on credit 赊账。呼应上文"fix bikes free of charge"他的修车都是免费
的。故选C。
10 ：B
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们但没有预算买的人。A. profit 利润；B.
budget 预算；C. courage 勇气；D. excuse 借口。根据前后文可知，Pruitt 捐车的对象是那些需要车但是预算
不够，买不起的人，but 表示转折，说明预算紧张。故选B。
11 ： B
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一帖子发布当天，Pruitt 收到了30 辆二手自行车。A. shared 共享的；B.
used 二手的；C. expensive 昂贵的；D. modern 现代的。根据上文 "He also asked for unwanted bikes," 可知，
Pruitt 也回收不想要的二手车，所以在帖子发布当天收到了30 辆二手自行车。故选B。
12 ：A
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考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后就来了500 多个询问详细信息的询问。A. enquiry 询问；B. advertisement 广
告；C. notice 通知；D. announcement 公告。根据后文"for detailed information"可知，此处指询问详细信息的
询问。故选A。
13 ：D
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到2020 年底，Pruitt 已经修复了140 多件自行车，这些自行车要么捐赠，要么
返还原主。A. export 出口；B. sell 出售；C. lend 借给；D. return 返回、返还。结合后文'to their owners"指修
好的车返还给主人，return 符合语境。故选D。
14 ：C
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Pruitt 试图把他的捐赠捐给那些真正生活困难挣扎的家庭。A. hardly 几乎不；B.
slightly 轻微地；C. truly 真实地；D. instantly 立即。此处呼应上文"folks who could truly use them"指Pruitt 的
捐赠都是给那些真正生活有困难的家庭的。故选C。
15 ：C
考查介词词义辨析。句意：在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上，他为邻居的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修理自
行车的机会。A. Without 除了；B. Beyond 越过；C. Upon 在……上；D. Among 在.……中间。结合后
文"simply satisfying a materia need"表示"在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上"可知，应用介词upon。故选C。
16 ： A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意︰除了实用技能，Pruitt 的课程还教授团队合作，鼓励自我价值，促进社区感觉。
A. practical 实际的；B. commercial 商业的；C. mathematical 数学的；D. social 社会的。根据上文"he has
provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes."可知，Pruitt 为邻居的孩
子们提供了一个学习如何修理自行车的机会，即教授他们实用技能。故选A。
17 ：D
考查副词词义辨析。句意：同时，孩子们也有了一种成就感。A. Otherwise 否则；B. However 然而；C.
Somehow 不知怎么；D. Meanwhile 同时。根据前后文语境可知，孩子们通过参加Pruitt 的课程，学到了实
用技能，同时还有了一种成就感，Meanwhile 符合语境。故选D。
18 ：D
考查名词词义辨析。句意∶一位邻居在接受当地报纸采访时说∶"对孩子们来说，这真是一次很棒的经
历。"A. promise 承诺；B.celebration 庆祝；C. comfort 安慰；D. experience 经历。根据语境，参与Pruitt 的
课程对孩子们来说，是一次经历。故选D。
19 ：B
考查名词词义辨析。句意∶Pruitt 当然会提供服务，但不仅仅是自行车。A. competition 比赛；B. service 服
务；C. ceremony 典礼；D. suggestion 建议。结合上文可知，Pruitt 为人们免费修车，还为社区的孩子教授如
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何修车，所以他提供的是服务。故选B。
20 ：C
考查名词词义辨析。句意：而是他能对人们产生的影响。A. compromise 妥协；B. impression 印象；C.
impact 影响； D. progress 进步。根据后文"he can make on people"可知为短语make impact on"对.……产生
影响"。故选C。
2020 年高考真题
1. 【2020·全国卷II】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo,” whose real name cannot be 41 to the public
because of Italy’s privacy laws, 42 working the whole night at a factory in Turin. As he often did, he
stopped by the “after work auction(拍卖)” 43 by the Italian police where things 44 on the trains
were sold to the highest bidder. There, among many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would
look 45 above his dining room table. Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo finally won the
paintings for $32.
When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily, he 47 the paintings with him. He hung them above the
same table he had 48 from Turin. His son, age 15, who had 49 an art appreciation class, thought
that there was something 50 about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed(签名)
“Bonnato” or so he thought, but when he 51 it, he only found “Bonnard,” a French 52 he had
never heard of. He bought a book and was 53 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the
same chair in the same 54 as his father’s painting.
“That’s the garden in our picture,”Nicolo’s son told his father. They 55 learned that the painting they
56 was called “The Girl with Two Chairs.” They 57 the other painting and learned that it was 58
Paul Gauguin’s “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.” The 59 called the Italian Culture
Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were 60 and worth as much as $50 million.
41．A．attached
B．allocated
C．exposed
D．submitted
42．A．finished
B．delayed
C．considered
D．tried
43．A．attended
B．reserved
C．cancelled
D．run
44．A．shown
B．found
C．kept
D．hidden
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45．A．nice
B．familiar
C．useful
D．real
46．A．battled
B．debated
C．discussed
D．bargain
47．A．held
B．left
C．registered
D．brought
48．A．chosen
B．received
C．ordered
D．moved
49．A．missed
B．failed
C．taken
D．led
50．A．concrete
B．unusual
C．unappealing
D．natual
51．A．appreciated
B．touched
C．researched
D．witnessed
52．A．painter
B．designer
C．author
D．actor
53．A．expected
B．surprised
C．anxious
D．ready
54．A．room
B．kitchen
C．hall
D．garden
55．A．apparently
B．confidently
C．eventually
D．temporarily
56．A．owned
B．borrowed
C．sold
D．stole
57．A．collected
B．cleaned
C．framed
D．studied
58．A．suitably
B．actually
C．rightly
D．specifically
59．A．girl
B．artist
C．family
D．police
60．A．copies
B．originals
C．models
D．presents
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个名叫Nicolo 的人在拍卖会上以低价购得两幅画。
后来他学艺术欣赏的儿子经过研究发现这两副画可能来自著名画家，他们打电话给意大利文化部，那儿的
官员证实这两幅画都是画家的真迹，价值至少5000 万美元。
41．C
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo 完成了一整夜在Turin 一家工厂的工作，他的真实名字因意大利的隐私
法不能暴露给公众。A. attached 参加；B. allocated 分配；C. exposed 暴露；D. submitted 上交。根据下文的
because of Italy's privacy 可知此处用be exposed to“暴露”符合语境，故选C 项。
42．A
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo 完成了一整夜在Turin 一家工厂的工作，他的真实名字因为意大利的隐
私法不能暴露给警方。A. finished 完成；B. delayed 推迟；C. considered 考虑；D. tried 尝试。根据上文的It
was just after sunrise on a June morning 可推测Nicolo 刚在工厂里上完了夜班，即完成了一整夜的工作，故选
A 项。
43．D
考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，他顺便去了“下班后拍卖”，这个拍卖会是由意大利警方进行的，
在火车上发现的东西卖给出价最高的竞标人。A. attended 参加；B. reserved 保护；C. cancelled 取消；D. run
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进行。结合常识可知，拍卖会上需要有警察来维持秩序，进行拍卖，故选D 项。
44．B
考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，他顺便去了“下班后拍卖”，这个拍卖会是由意大利警察管理的，
在火车上发现的东西卖给出价最高的竞标人。A. shown 展示；B. found 发现；C. kept 保存；D. hidden 隐藏。
根据句意可知，此处是指拍卖的东西都是从一列火车上发现的，故选B 项。
45．A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，很多其它东西中，Nicolo 看到了两幅画，他觉得它们看起来挂在自
己的餐桌上方会很漂亮。A. nice 漂亮的；B. familiar 熟悉的；C. useful 有用的； D. real 真的。根据下文的
Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for 32$可推测Nicolo 认为这两幅画挂在
自己的餐桌前会很漂亮，所以才会出高价买，故选A 项。
46．A
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo 和另外一个竞标人竞争，直到Nicolo 最终以32 美元的价格赢得了这两幅
画。A. battled 竞争；B. debated 辩论；C. discussed 讨论；D. bargained 讨价还价。根据上文的were sold to
the highest bidder 可知此处用“竞争”符合语境，故选A 项。
47．D
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Nicolo 退休去Sicily 居住时，他带上了这两幅画。A. held 拿着；B. left 离开，
留下；C. registered 注册；D. brought 带来。根据下文的he hung them above the same table 可知，Nicolo 搬家
时带上了这两幅画，故选D 项。
48．D
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把它们挂在同一张桌子的上面，这张桌子是他从Turin 搬来的。A. chosen 选
择；B. received 收到；C. ordered 命令；D. moved 搬。根据上文的the same table 可知，Nicolo 搬家时也把
桌子搬来了，故选D 项。
49．C
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他15 岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课，他认为那幅有一个年轻女孩坐在花园椅子
上的画是不寻常的。A. missed 错过；B. failed 失败；C. taken 拿；D. led 导致。根据句意可知，此处考查固
定短语take classes“上课”，故选C 项。
50．B
考查形容词词义辨析，句意：句意：他15 岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课，他认为那副有一个年轻女孩坐在
花园椅子上的画是不寻常的。A. concrete 具体的；B. unusual 不寻常的；C. unappealing 不吸引人的；D.
natural 自然的。根据下文的it was signed ''Bonnato'' or he thought 可知，儿子认为这幅画可能是一个著名画
家的画，故觉得它有些不同寻常，故选B 项。
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51．C
考查动词词义辨析。句意：画上署名Bonnato 或者他认为是这样，但当他仔细研究它时，他只发现了
“Bonnard”，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。A. appreciated 欣赏；B. touched 触摸；C. researched 研究；
D. witnessed 目睹。根据下文的he only found ''Bonnard''可推测儿子仔细研究了画，故选C 项。
52．A
考查名词词义辨析。句意：画上署名Bonnato 或者他认为是这样，但当他仔细研究它时，他只发现了
Bonnard，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。A. painter 画家；B. designer 设计师；C. author 作家；D. actor 演
员。根据下文的a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard 可知，此处用画家符合语境，故选A 项。
53．B
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他买了一本书，非常吃惊的发现里面有一幅艺术家Pierre Bonnard 的画，他
坐在和父亲画里面一样的花园里，一样的椅子上。A. expected 意料的；B. surprised 惊讶的；C. anxious 焦
虑的；D. ready 准备好的。根据下文的sitting on the same chair in the same 54 as his father's painting 可知此
处用“吃惊的”符合语境，故选B 项。
54．D
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他买了一本书，非常吃惊的发现里面有一幅艺术家Pierre Bonnard 的画，他坐
在和父亲画里面一样的花园里，一样的椅子上。A. room 房间；B. kitchen 餐厅； C. hall 大厅；D. garden
花园。根据上文的with a young girl sitting on a garden chair 可知此处用“花园”符合语境，garden 是原词复
现，故选D 项。
55．C
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们最终知道他们拥有的这幅画叫做“有两把椅子的女孩”。A. apparently 明
显地；B. confidently 自信地；C. eventually 最后；D. temporary 暂时的。根据上文的he bought a book and
was 53 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same as his father's painting
可知，此处是指经过一系列的对比和研究，他们终于从一本书上得知了其中一副画的名字，故选C 项。
56．A
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们最终知道他们拥有的这幅画叫做“有两把椅子的女孩”。A. owned 拥有；
B. borrowed 借；C. sold 卖；D. stole 偷。根据上文的Nicolo finally won the paintings for 32$可知，这幅画的
所有权是Nicolo 的，即他们拥有它，故选A 项。
57．D
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们研究了另一幅画，发现它事实上是Paul Gauguin 的《Still Life of Fruit on a
Table with a Small Dog》。A. collected 收集；B. cleaned 打扫；C. framed 制定；D. studied 研究。根据上文的
but when he 51 it 可知此处用“研究”符合语境，research 和study 是同义词复现，故选D 项。
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58．B
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们研究了另一幅画，发现它事实上是Paul Gauguin 的《Still Life of Fruit on a
Table with a Small Dog》。A. suitably 适合地；B. actually 事实上；C. rightly 正确地；D. specifically 具体地。
根据句意可知，此处是指他们研究了另外一副画，事实证明也是一副著名画家的画，故选B 项。
59．C
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人给意大利文化部打电话，官员肯定这些画是原版，价值高达5000 万美元。
A. girl 女孩；B. artist 艺术家；C. family 家庭；D. police 警察。根据上下文可知，此处是指Nicolo 一家为了
鉴别画的真伪给意大利文化部打电话，故选C 项。
60．B
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人给意大利文化部打电话，官员肯定这些画是原版，价值高达5000 万美元。
A. copies 复制品；B. originals 原版；C. models 模型；D. presents 礼物。根据下文的as much as $50 million
可推测，这两幅画都是画家的原版，故选B 项。
2. 【2020·山东卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 21
. He learned the value and beauty of 22 there from a very young age.
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 23 happening around his home. A flood had hit the
area earlier that year and the 24 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 25 , the number of
snakes had declined as well. He 26 that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the
27 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 28 during the daytime. He
turned to the 29 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went
looking on his own and 30 a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
31 young plants in the dry season was 32 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 33 of each
sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 34 rainwater. The water
would then drip(滴落)on the plants below.
Molai 35 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-
grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.
21．A．dream
B．job
C．home
D．choice
22．A．nature
B．youth
C．culture
D．knowledge
23．A．precious
B．interesting
C．disturbing
D．awkward
24．A．waste
B．tension
C．pain
D．damage
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25．A．Besides
B．However
C．Therefore
D．Otherwise
26．A．agreed
B．realized
C．remembered
D．predicted
27．A．noise
B．heat
C．disease
D．dust
28．A．directions
B．partners
C．help
D．shelter
29．A．labor
B．police
C．forest
D．finance
30．A．rebuilt
B．discovered
C．left
D．managed
31．A．Decorating
B．Observing
C．Watering
D．Guarding
32．A．tough
B．illegal
C．fantastic
D．beneficial
33．A．back
B．top
C．foot
D．side
34．A．cool down
B．keep off
C．purify
D．collect
35．A．returned
B．learned
C．failed
D．continued
这是一篇记叙文。Molai 在印度的一个小村庄长大。16 岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨大损
失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减少。Molai 决定改变这一切，他
经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在30 多年的时间里，他的努力使1360 英亩的天然土地成
为许多动植物的家园。
21．C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A. dream 梦想；B. job 工
作；C. home 家；D. choice 选择。根据空前的second 可知，他出生的村庄是他的家，村庄附近的一些“湿
地”成为了他的第二个“家”。故选C。
22．A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A. nature 自然；B. youth 青春，
年轻；C. culture 文化；D. knowledge 知识。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。故选A。
23．C
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16 岁时，Molai 开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。A.
precious 宝贵的；B. interesting 有趣的；C. disturbing 令人不安的，引起烦恼的；D. awkward 尴尬的，笨拙
的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常，令人不安。故选
C。
24．D
考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类。A.
waste 废物；B. tension 紧张；C. pain 疼痛，痛苦；D. damage 损害，伤害。洪水侵袭这个地区，它会“损害”
庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。
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25．A
考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A. Besides 此外，另外；B. However 但是；C.
Therefore 因此；D. Otherwise 否则。根据as well 可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致蛇的
数量减少。故选A。
26．B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. agreed 同意；B.
realized 意识到；C. remembered 记住，记起；D. predicted 预测。Molai“意识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是因为
没有足够的树木。故选B。
27．B
考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. noise 噪音；B.
heat 热；C. disease 疾病；D. dust 尘土。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉，从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受炎热
的影响。故选B。
28．
考查名词D 词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。A.
directions 方向；B. partners 伙伴，合作伙伴；C. help 帮助；D. shelter 遮蔽，庇护，遮蔽物。树木可以给动
物们提供“遮蔽”。故选D。
29．C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A. labor 劳动；B. police 警察；
C. forest 森林；D. finance 财政，金融。根据前一句中的“The solution, of course, was to plant trees”可知，
Molai 想要种树，所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。故选C。
30．B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Molai 自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在那里种树。A.
rebuilt 重建；B. discovered 发现；C. left 离开；D. managed 设法做成。根据前面的”looking on his own”可知，
他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他”发现”了一个小岛。故选B。
31．C
考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. Decorating 装饰；B.
Observing 观察到；C. Watering 浇水；D. Guarding 守卫。该段后半部分叙述的是Molai 想尽办法收集水的努
力。再结合该句中的“the dry season”可知，在旱季给幼苗“浇水”很难。故选C。
32．A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. tough 困难的；B.
illegal 非法的；C. fantastic 极好的；D. beneficial 有益的。根据该段后半部分的叙述可知，Molai 想尽办法收
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集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很“难”。故选A。
33．B
考查名词词义辨析。句意:Molai 在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶
罐来收集雨水。A. back 背部；B. top 顶端；C. foot 脚；D. side 一边，一侧。根据该段最后一句“The water
would then drip on the plants below”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知，竹子平台应该在每棵树苗的”顶
端”。故选B。
34．D
考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:Molai 在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的
陶罐来收集雨水。A. cool down 冷却下来；B. keep off 与……保持距离；C. purify 净化，使纯净；D. collect
收集。根据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知，他将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。故选D。
35．D
考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37 年里，Molai 继续种树。A. returned 返回；B. learned 学会；C.
failed 失败；D. continued 继续。根据后一句可知，他的努力使1360 英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。
由此推知，在接下来的37 年里，他“继续”种树。故选D。
3. 【2020·浙江卷】
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将
该项涂黑。
I’ve been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years. I use a small tractor to get about. My dog Don always sits
beside me in the passenger scat.
One morning I 36 a lost lamb when I was in the top field，near where a motorway cuts through my
land. The lamb had become separated from its 37 , so I jumped out of the tractor to 38 it while
Don stayed in his scat.
Lamb and mother 39 , I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. This
was so 40 because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out. 41 Don had somehow made the
42 move.
My heart froze in my chest as I 43 the tractor heading towards the 44 .I ran desperately but
failed to 45 . It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. The 46 thing I saw was Don’s
face, looking calmly back at me.
Heart in mouth, I 47 the fence and looked over. The tractor was 48 against the crash barrier in
the central reservation, having miraculously(奇迹般地) crossed the 49 road with fast-flowing traffic. I
couldn’t see Don, but as I 50 the tractor he jumped out onto the road, apparently 51 , and dashed
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back to me.
The police 52 and the motorway ran normally again. I couldn't quite believe my 53 it turned
out no one got badly hurt, but the outcome could have been 54 .Don was given a special 55 that
night—I didn’t want him thinking I was angry with him.
36．A．dropped
B．spotted
C．carried
D．returned
37．A．kids
B．friends
C．owner
D．mother
38．A．ask about
B．play with
C．tend to
D．run into
39．A．freed
B．switched
C．reunited
D．examined
40．A．unexpected
B．dangerous
C．embarrassing
D．difficult
41．A．Fortunately
B．Generally
C．Immediately
D．Obviously
42．A．lamb
B．vehicle
C．seat
D．fence
43．A．saw
B．stopped
C．remembered
D．drove
44．A．crowd
B．motorway
C．field
D．hill
45．A．take off
B．catch up
C．hold back
D．get out
46．A．real
B．best
C．basic
D．last
47．A．fixed
B．noticed
C．reached
D．closed
48．A．resting
B．running
C．parking
D．turning
49．A．sleep
B．long
C．rough
D．busy
50．A．abandoned
B．approached
C．recognized
D．repaired
51．A．unclean
B．uncertain
C．unhurt
D．unhappy
52．A．arrived
B．replied
C．survived
D．waited
53．A．ability
B．dream
C．luck
D．idea
54．A．common
B．confusing
C．desirable
D．awful
55．A．meal
B．test
C．job
D．lesson
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者开车带着它的狗去田地，路上发现了一只和它妈妈走散的小羊。
作者下车去照看小羊，把自己的狗留在了车上。后来，作者帮助小羊找到了妈妈，谁知竟发现自己的狗开
着拖拉机冲到了高速路上。作者赶紧沿途追赶，害怕造成严重的后果。幸运的是，最后没有人受伤。这真
是一个奇迹！
36．B
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，我在山顶的田野里发现了一只迷路的小羊，那里有一条高速公路穿
过我的田地。A. dropped 下降；B. spotted 发现；C. carried 搬； D. returned 返回。下文说小羊和它的妈妈走
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散了，所以我是无意中发现了一只迷路的小羊。故选B。
37．D
考查名词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don 还坐在它的座位
上。A. kids 小孩；B. friends 朋友；C. owner 主人；D. mother 妈妈。根据下文Lamb and mother，可知小羊
是和它的妈妈走散了。故选D。
38．C
考查动词短语辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don 还坐在它的座位
上。A. ask about 询问；B. play with 同……一起玩；C. tend to 照看；D. run into 撞上。上文说小羊和它的妈
妈走散了，所以可以推测出我跳下拖拉机去照看它。故选C。
39．C
考查动词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。A.
freed 使自由；B. switched 转变；C. reunited 重聚；D. examined 检查。下文说我转过身去看拖拉机，因为小
羊和它的妈妈重聚了，所以我才有心思去看我的拖拉机。故选C。
40．A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这太出乎意料了，因为我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹。A. unexpected 出乎意料
的；B. dangerous 危险的；C. embarrassing 使人尴尬的；D. difficult 困难的。上文说我看见拖拉机突然离开
了我，下文说我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹，所以这是让人出乎意料的事情。故选A。
41．D
考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，Don 以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. Fortunately 幸运地；B. Generally 通
常；C. Immediately 立即；D. Obviously 显然。根据while Don stayed in his seat 可知我跳下车，照顾小羊的
时候，Don 还坐在它的座位上。那么，很显然，是Don 以某种方式使车子动了起来。故选D。
42．B
考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然，Don 以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. lamb 小羊；B. vehicle 车辆；C. seat
座位；D. fence 栅栏。根据I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me.可知我转过身
去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。所以这里指的是Don 开走了我的车。故选B。
43．A
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. saw 看到；B.
stopped 停止；C. remembered 记得；D. drove 驾驶。下文说，我拼命地追，所以我是看到了拖拉机朝高速公
路开去。故选A。
44．B
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. crowd 人群；B.
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motorway 高速公路；C. field 旷野；D. hill 小山。根据near where a motorway cuts through my land.和having
miraculously (奇迹般地) crossed the…road with fast-flowing traffic.可知拖拉机是朝高速公路开去。故选B。
45．B
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我拼命地跑，但没能追上。A. take off 起飞； B. catch up 追上； C. hold
back 阻止；D. get out 出去。根据I ran desperately 以及下文It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared.
可知我没有追上拖拉机。故选B。
46．D
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我最后看到的是Don 的脸，它平静地看着我。A. real 真实的；B. best 最好的；
C. basic 基本的；D. last 最后的。Don 平静地看着我，这是我最后看到的事情。故选D。
47．C
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心都提到嗓子眼了，我抵达栅栏，仔细检查。A. fixed 固定；B. noticed 注
意； C. reached 抵达；D. closed 关。根据and looked over 可知我是抵达了栅栏。故选C。
48．A
考查动词词义辨析。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁忙道
路。A. resting 倚靠；B. running 跑； C. parking 停车；D. turning 转动。根据the crash barrier in the central
reservation 可知拖拉机是靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上。故选A。
49．D
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁忙
道路。A. steep 陡峭的；B. long 长的；C. rough 粗糙的；D. busy 繁忙的。根据fast-flowing traffic 可知这条
高速公路非常繁忙。故选D。
50．B
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲回我
身边。A. abandoned 抛弃； B. approached 接近;C. recognized 意识到；D. repaired 修理。下文说我的狗
冲回我身边，所以我必定是接近了拖拉机。故选B。
51．C
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没有受伤，冲回
我身边。A. unclean 不洁的；B. uncertain 不确定的；C. unhurt 没有受伤的；D. unhappy 不快乐的。根据下
文no one got badly hurt 可知我的狗没有受伤。故选C。
52．A
考查动词词义辨析。句意：警察来了，高速公路的运行又恢复了正常。A. arrived 到达；B. replied 回答；C.
survived 幸存；D. waited 等待。下文说高速公路的运行又恢复了正常，可知是警察到达，处理了情况。故
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选A。
53．C
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。A.
ability 能力；B. dream 梦想； C. luck 运气；D. idea 想法。我的狗驾驶着拖拉机上了车水马龙的高速路，
结果却没有人受伤，所以我不相信我有这么好的运气。故选C。
54．D
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是可怕的。A.
common 普通的；B. confusing 混乱的；C. desirable 令人向往的；D. awful 可怕的。根据上文作者的极度担
忧My heart froze in my chest 和Heart in mouth 以及生活常识，动物开车上了高速路，结果可能是非常可怕
的。故选D。
55．A
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Don 那天晚上被给予了一顿特别的晚餐——我不想让它认为我生它的气。A.
meal 一餐；B. test 测验；C. job 工作； D. lesson 教训。根据下文I didn't want him thinking I was angry
with him.可知我不想让它认为我生它的气，所以我给它提供了一顿特别的晚餐。故选A。
2019 年高考真题
1. 【2019·全国卷II】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central lowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota. During the long trip
home, following a weekend of hunting. Ehlers ___41___about the small dog he had seen ___42___ alongside the
road. He had ___43___ to coax(哄)the dog to him but, frightened, it had ___44___.
Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that ___45___ dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the
two drove ___46___. After a long and careful ___47___. Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving ___48___
away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with
___49___. It just started licking(舔)Ehlers’ face.
A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one ___50___ as lost in the local paper. The ad had a
___51___ number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers ___52___ the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he
had ___53___ their dog.
Jeff had ___54___ in lowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off.
Jeff searched ___55___ for Rosie in the next four days.
Ehlers returned to Minnesotan, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan.
“It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who ___56___ enough to go to that kind of ___57___,”says
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Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue ___58___.
I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as ___59___ to it as I am to my dogs,” says Ehlers. “If it
had been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be ___60___ to go that extra mile.”
41. A. read
B. forgot
C. thought
D. heard
42. A. fighting
B. trembling
C. eating
D. sleeping
43. A. tried
B. agreed
C. promised
D. regretted
44. A. calmed down
B. stood up
C. rolled over
D. run off
45. A. injured
B. stolen
C. lost
D. rescued
46. A. home
B. past
C. back
D. on
47. A. preparation
B. explanation
C. test
D. search
48. A. cautiously
B. casually
C. skillfully
D. angrily
49. A. surprise
B. joy
C. hesitation
D. anxiety
50. A. predicted
B. advertised
C. believed
D. recorded
51. A. house
B. phone
C. street
D. car
52. A. called
B. copied
C. counted
D. remembered
53. A. fed
B. adopted
C. found
D. cured
54. A. hunted
B. skied
C. lived
D. worked
55. A. on purpose
B. on time
C. in turn
D. in vain
56. A. cares
B. sees
C. suffers
D. learns
57. A. place
B. trouble
C. waste
D. extreme
58. A. service
B. plan
C. effort
D. team
59. A. equal
B. allergic
C. grateful
D. close
60. A. suitable
B. proud
C. wise
D. wiling
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ehlers 和他的朋友救助了一只丢失的小狗，最终帮它找到
了主人。
41.C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文Ehlers 和朋友一起去找那只狗可知，此处是指Ehlers 一直在想关于
那只狗的事，think about 考虑。故选C。
42.B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文作者去哄小狗可知，这只狗是在路边发抖，trembling 发抖。故选
B。
43.A
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【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文可知，他在尽力的哄那只狗，try to do sth 尽力做某事。故选A。
44.D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。他在尽力的哄那只狗，可是它很害怕，所以此处是指那只狗被吓跑了，run
off“跑开”的意思。故选D。
45.C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文可知，这只狗是别人丢失的，因此此处用lost“丢失”。故选
C。
46.C
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，四天后，Ehlers 给他的朋友Greg 打电话，他们俩又驱车返回。
根据上文可知，此处是指他们又返回到之前见到那只走失的狗的地方，back 向后，回原处。故选C。
47.D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文Greg 在越过田野的地方看到了那只小狗可知，此处是指他们在仔细
寻找小狗，search 寻找。故选D。
48.A
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。根据文中提到的frightened, nervousness, fear 等词并结合上文并根据下文
Ehlers 最终成功的安抚了它可知，小狗非常的谨慎小心，cautiously 谨慎地，小心地。故选A。
49.B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文小狗开始舔Ehlers 的脸可知，它不再害怕，而是很开心，joy 开心。
故选B。
50.B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地的一个农民告诉他们，这听起来像是当地报纸上刊登的那只丢失
的狗。根据本句的in the local paper 及语境可知，此处是指在报纸上刊登的，advertise 登广告。故选B。
51.B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文Ehlers 给狗的主人打电话可知，此处是指广告上有电话号码，phone
number 电话号码。故选B。
52.A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文语境可知，此处是指Ehlers 给Jeff 和Lisa（狗的主人）打了电话，
call 打电话。故选A。
53.C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文语境可知，Ehlers 给他们打电话是要告知他找到了他们的狗，find
找到。故选C。
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54.A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文狗听到枪声吓跑了可知，此处是指Jeff 带着狗在打猎，hunt 打猎。
故选A。
55.D
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。根据上文Ehlers 找到的Jeff 的狗可知，Jeff 在狗丢失后没有找到他的狗，in
vain 徒劳。故选D。
56.A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很高兴知道还有那么一个人，他足够关心你，会去做这样麻烦的事。
根据上文可知，此处是指Ehlers 对狗足够关心，care 关心。故选A。
57.B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据上文Ehlers 开车把那只小狗Rosie 送到100 英里远的机场，把它航空托
运到密歇根可知，这是件很麻烦的事情，trouble 麻烦。故选B。
58.C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据上文可知，此处是指Lisa 在评论Ehlers 帮助他们找回狗付出的努力，
effort 努力。故选C。
59.D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想无论是谁丢了狗，可能就像我接近我的狗一样去接近它。根据
下文Ehlers 说的话可知，此处是指他对待那只狗就像对自己的狗一样，close to 靠近。故选D。
60.D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望有人愿意付出更多的努力。根据上文语境可知，此处是表达
他希望面对这样的事情，大家能愿意去付出更多努力去帮忙，be willing to do 乐意做某事。故选D。
2. 【2019·全国卷III】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight
from late September to mid-March- ___41___ six months out of the year.
Of course, we ___42___ it when the sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s tourism office.
“We see the sky is ___43___, but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a ___44___ day.”
But that ___45___ when a system of high-tech ___46___ was introduced to reflect sunlight from
neighboring peaks(山峰)into the valley below. Wednesday, residents(居民)of Rjukan ___47___ their very first ray
of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to ___48___. The mirrors are
controlled by a computer that ___49___ them to turn along with the sun throughout the ___50___ and to close
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during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam(束)of light onto the town’s central ___51___, creating an
area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light ___52___, Rjukan residents gathered together.
“People have been ___53___ there and standing there and taking ___54___ of each other," Ro says. "The
town square was totally ___55___. I think almost all the people in the town were there. "The 3,500 residents
cannot all ___56___ the sunshine at the same time. ___57___, the new light feels like more than enough for the
town’s ___58___ residents.
"It's not very ___59___,” she says, "but it is enough when we are ___60___.”
41. A. only
B. obviously
C. nearly
D. precisely
42. A. fear
B. believe
C. hear
D. notice
43. A. empty
B. blue
C. high
D. wide
44. A. cloudy
B. normal
C. different
D. warm
45. A. helped
B. changed
C. happened
D. mattered
46. A. computers
B. telescopes
C. mirrors
D. cameras
47. A. remembered
B. forecasted
C. received
D. imagined
48. A. repair
B. risk
C. rest
D. use
49. A. forbids
B. directs
C. predicts
D. follows
50. A. day
B. night
C. month
D. year
51. A. library
B. hall
C. square
D. street
52. A. appeared
B. returned
C. faded
D. stopped
53. A. driving
B. hiding
C. camping
D. siting
54. A. pictures
B. notes
C. care
D. hold
55. A. new
B. full
C. flat
D. silent
56. A. block
B. avoid
C. enjoy
D. store
57. A. Instead
B. However
C. Gradually
D. Similarly
58. A. nature-loving
B. energy-saving
C. weather-beaten
D. sun-starved
59. A. big
B. clear
C. cold
D. easy
60. A. trying
B. waiting
C. watching
D. sharing
【语篇解读】本文属于说明文，讲述北欧一个小镇长达半年没有阳光照射，为此在附近的山顶安装了
一套镜子设备把阳光反射到小镇的广场。每当光线照射的时候，人们就聚集在广场上，为寒冷的冬季增添
一丝明亮。
41.C
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A. only 仅仅；B. obviously 显然地；C. nearly 几乎；D. precisely 准确的。
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根据前文from late September to mid-March 可知，从九月底到三月中旬，差不多半年，故选C。
42.D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. fear 害怕；B. believe 相信；C. hear 听见；D. notice 注意。根据后文We see
the sky is 43 , but down in the valley it's darker 可知，我们看到天空是蓝色
，但是到山谷的时候，就会变得
更暗了，故可知，太阳照耀的时候，我们观察得到，故选D。
43.B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. empty 空的；B. blue 蓝色的；C. high 搞得；D. wide 宽的。根据常识可
知，有太阳的时候，天空是蓝色的，故选B。
44.A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. cloudy 多云的；B. normal 正常的；C. different 不同的；D. warm 温暖的。
根据前文down in the valley it's darker 可知，到山谷的时候，天变暗了，像阴天一样，故选A。
45.B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. helped 帮助；B. changed 改变；C. happened 发生；D. mattered 关系重大。
根据后文可知，该镇引入一套阳光反射镜来改变这种情况，故选B。
46.C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. computers 电脑；B. telescopes 望远镜；C. mirrors 镜子；D. cameras 相机。
根据后文to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks 可知，从附近的山顶上反射太阳光，故可知，为一枚镜子，
故选C。
47.C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. remembered 记得；B. forecasted 预报；C. received 获得，收到；D.
imagined 想象。根据句意可知，该镇的居民获得了冬天里的第一缕阳光，故选C。
48.D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. repair 修理；B. risk 风险；C. rest 休息；D. use 使用。根据前一句their
very first ray of winter sunshine 可知，获得了冬天的第一缕阳光，是由于反射板投入使用了，故选D。 put
sth to use 把某物投入使用。
49.B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些镜子由电脑控制，指导他们整天跟着太阳的位置移动而移动，在
大风的天气就自动关闭。A. forbids 禁止；B. directs 指导，导演；C. predicts 预测；D. follows 跟随，追随。
本句描述这套系统的工作原理，电脑控制镜子的移动，故选B。
50.A
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【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. day 白天；B. night 夜晚；C. month 月；D. year 年。根据文章可知，太阳光
出现在白天，故选A。
51.C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. library 图书馆；B. hall 大厅；C. square 广场；D. street 街道。根据后文The
town square 可知，镜子反射聚集的光会照在小镇的中心广场上，故选C。
52.A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. appeared 出现；B. returned 归还；C. faded 褪去；D. stopped 停止。根据后
文Rjukan residents gathered together 可知，当光照出现的时候，居民出来，故选A。
53.D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. driving 驾驶；B. hiding 隐藏；C. camping 露营；D. sitting 坐。根据本句
and standing there 可知，光照出现的时候，人们会出来活动，坐在那里，站在那里，故选D。
54.A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. pictures 照片，图片；B. notes 笔记；C. care 照顾；D. hold 抓住。根据文章
可知，会彼此拍照，故选A。
55.B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. new 新的；B. full 满的；C. flat 平坦的；D. silent 沉默的。根据后文I
think almost all the people in the town were there.可知，差不多全镇的人都在广场上，故可知广场全是人，故
选B。
56.C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. block 阻挡；B. avoid 避免；C. enjoy 喜欢，享受；D. store 储存。根据句意
可知，并不是3500 名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，故选C。
57.B
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A. Instead 代替；B. However 然而；C. Gradually 逐渐地；D. Similarly 相似地。
前一句意思为并不是3500 名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，后一句，新的光线为小镇人们的意义不仅仅提供
光线，故可知前后句属于转折关系，故选B。
58.D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. nature-loving 热爱自然的；B. energy-saving 节能的；C. weather-beaten 受
风雨侵蚀的；D. sun-starved 渴望阳光的。根据前文可知，小镇差不多半年没有阳光，故可知小镇人们渴望
阳光，故选D。
59.A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. big 大的；B. clear 清晰的；C. cold 冷的；D. easy 容易的。根据前文可知，
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镜子反射的光线有限，范围不够大，故选A。
60.D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. trying 尝试；B. waiting 等待；C. watching 观看；D. sharing 分享。
根据句意可知，大家一起晒太阳就足够了，故选D。
3. 【2019·北京卷】
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将
该项涂黑。
Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his
neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.
A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been ___11___ free rides to college students for the past eight
years. Since he first started ___12___ his car to the young people. Wilson has ___13___ am astonishing 64, 000
miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous ___14___ with the students he transports to and from
school. The students who he's ___15___ have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what
they've also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students ___16___
call him “Grandpa”.
Tina Stern ___17___ rides from Wilson for all her four years in college and the trips meant much more to
her than just free ___18___. "It's not just a ride；you're not just sitting there in ___19___ silence or with your
headphones on.” Stern said. “He asks you questions and actually ___20___ the answers, so the next time you ride
with him, he'll ___21___ those things."
Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation. On Point
for College. Although the ___22___ asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson
often goes ___23___ to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with
registration.Wilson is there to ___24___ them. If they run out of certain daily necessities. Wilson will drive to the
nearest store and purchase what's needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson
never ___25___ to buy them a meal.
For many students, Wilson's help is not only appreciated, it's also entirely ___26___ for them to be able to
complete their college education. Some students don't have a reliable car, while others have to ___27___ vehicles
with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has ___28___ them to complete their
education — but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the ___29___. “I just love driving and I love
these kids, "Wilson said. "It's such a(n) ___30___ to be a part of these kids’ lives, even just for a few hours,
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getting to know them and hearing their stories."
11. A. linking
B. sending
C. offering
D. distributing
12. A. donating
B. lending
C. delivering
D. volunteering
13. A. paved
B. covered
C. measured
D. wandered
14. A. arguments
B. interviews
C. negotiations
D. conversations
15. A. met
B. driven
C. addressed
D. greeted
16. A. even
B. ever
C. once
D. already
17. A. earned
B. received
C. assessed
D. demanded
18. A. transportation
B. style
C. time
D. communication
19. A. forced
B. awkward
C. ridiculous
D. suspicious
20. A. selects
B. recites
C. guesses
D. remembers
21. A. act on
B. settle on
C. check on
D. agree on
22. A. club
B. league
C. college
D. programme
23. A. far
B. around
C. beyond
D. forwards
24. A. assist
B. watch
C. urge
D. warm
25. A. expects
B. attempts
C. manages
D. hesitates
26. A. extra
B. unusual
C. necessary
D. adequate
27. A. share
B. fuel
C. repair
D. exchange
28. A. required
B. allowed
C. reminded
D. convinced
29. A. experience
B. arrangement
C. appreciation
D. employment
30. A. effort
B. ambition
C. privilege
D. convenience
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了76 岁的Paul Wilson 八年来免费接送低收入的学生上学的
感人事迹。
11.C
根据第一段可知，Paul Wilson 确保低收入的学生按时到达学校。由此可以推知，该句应指：Wilson 给那些
学生提供免费的乘车服务。故C 选项正确。
12.D
根据上文中的“free rides”可知，Wilson 是主动自愿将自己的汽车提供给那些学生的。故D 选项正确。
13.B
Wilson 让那些学生免费搭车，迄今他已经行程64,000 英里。表示“行走一段路程”，应用cover。B 选项
正确。
14.D
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Wilson 在接送学生们上下学的过程中，和学生之间肯定有“谈话，交谈”，故D 选项正确。
15.B
根据上文可知，Wilson 每天接送那些学生，这些学生现在已经成为了物理学家，教师，工程师等。该空应
该对应上一句中的“he transports to and from school”，故B 选项正确。drive 意为“驾车送（人）”。
16.A
这些学生将Wilson 当作他们的偶像和朋友，有的甚至称他为“爷爷”。该空表示递进，故A 选项正确。
17.B
根据后面的介词from 可以推知，Tina Stern 从Wilson 那儿获得免费的乘车机会。B 选项正确。
18.A
对Tina Stern 来说，这些行程不仅仅只是免费的运送而已。A 选项正确。transportation 意为“运送”。
19.B
Tina 说：“那不仅仅是坐车而已。你并不只是坐在那儿，陷入令人尴尬的沉默中，也不是戴着耳麦坐在那
儿。” 坐在车里，彼此不交谈，只是沉默，这当然是令人尴尬的。故B 选项正确。
20.D
在坐车的时候，Wilson 会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。D 选项正确。
21.C
在坐车的时候，Wilson 会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。下一次这些学生再坐车的时候，
Wilson 会检查上次提到的这些东西。该句指的是在乘车期间，Wilson 会利用这个机会了解考查学生们的学
习情况。故C 选项正确。
22.D
根据上一句中的“programme”可知，D 选项正确。Wilson 最初通过一个非盈利组织On Point for College 的
一个项目作一名司机。该项目只要求它的成员们接送孩子们上下学。
23.C
结合下文中提到的“If they have problems with registration, Wilson is there to ____ them. If they run out of…If a
student gets hungry…”可知，Wilson 的所作所为超过了该项目的要求。故C 选项正确。
24.A
如果孩子们在登记方面有问题，Wilson 会去帮助他们（解决相关的问题）。A 选项正确。
25.D
从上文举的例子可知，该部分都表达的是Wilson 对孩子们的帮助。因此该处应指：当孩子们在上下学的途
中饿了的时候，Wilson 都会马上给他们去买吃的，从未犹豫过。D 选项正确。
26.C
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根据下文中“Some students don’t have a reliable car, while others….For them, riding with Wilson has ____
them to complete their education”可以推知，对于那些乘车有困难的学生来说，乘坐Wilson 的车对于他们完
成大学教育来说是必须的。C 选项正确。
27.A
有的学生没法得到可靠的汽车，有的学生必须和他们一周工作六天的家长共用车辆。表示“共用”，需用
share。A 选项正确。
28.B
乘坐Wilson 的汽车使得他们可以完成大学教育。表示“使得某人做某事，使某人能够做某事”应该用
allow sb. to do sth.。故B 选项正确。
29.A
Wilson 认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。A 选项正确。
30.C
Wilson 认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。在这个过程中，他认识了这些学生，听到他们
的故事，他认为这是自己的“荣幸”，故C 选项正确：荣幸，荣耀。
4. 【2019·浙江卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，
并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause. Usually, the ___36___ the idea is, the more it gets
noticed. And that’s precisely why one ___37___ Frenchman has caught our attention.
Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe，surviving ___38___ on discarded(丢弃)food. The three-month,
1 900-mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchet’s ___39___ of raising awareness of food waste in Europe
and throughout the world.
As you can ___40___, the trip is no piece of cake. While restaurants ___41___ tons of food each year, much
of it remains inaccessible because of ___42___ garbage containers, health regulations, or business policies. Only
about one in ten places ___43___ him food that would otherwise be discarded.
For legal ___44___, most restaurants have a policy against ___45___ food waste. "Some people have even
___46___ their jobs by giving me food," Dubanchet said.
What's ___47___ interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet’s cause. Berlin has been the
___48___ while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen. There, he had to ___49___ at some 50
different stores or restaurants before finding food. The 50
is all the more serious when you consider the
___51___ exercise required to bike from France to Poland.
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"I have to get food ___52___ because after all the biking I am tired and I need the ___53___,"
Dubanchet explained. "Is my ___54___ full or empty? That is the most important thing, not what I am
eating."
He aims to ___55___ his journey by mid-July. With any luck, he’ll turn a few more heads in the process.
36. A. cleverer
B. older
C. stranger
D. simpler
37. A. garbage-eating
B. sports-loving
C. food-wasting
D. law-breaking
38. A. secretly
B. finally
C. entirely
D. probably
39. A. purpose
B. way
C. opinion
D. dream
40. A. observe
B. imagine
C. suggest
D. remember
41. A. store
B. cook
C. shop for
D. throw away
42. A. locked
B. damaged
C. connected
D. abandoned
43. A. bought
B. offered
C. ordered
D. sold
44. A. reasons
B. rights
C. fees
D. aids
45. A. begging for
B. giving away
C. hiding
D. causing
46. A. did
B. kept
C. accepted
D. risked
47. A. hardly
B. usually
C. particularly
D. merely
48. A. easiest
B. nearest
C. biggest
D. richest
49. A. work
B. shout
C. ask
D. jump
50. A. competition
B. conversation
C. conflict
D. challenge
51. A. adequate
B. rewarding
C. demanding
D. suitable
52. A. again
B. alone
C. later
D. fast
53. A. spirit
B. energy
C. time
D. effort
54. A. stomach
B. hand
C. pocket
D. basket
55. A. arrange
B. restart
C. report
D. finish
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了一个吃垃圾的法国人引起了我们的注意，Baptiste
Dubanchet 骑着自行车穿越欧洲，完全靠丢弃的食物生存。
36. C
【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据Usually, the 36 the idea is, the more it gets noticed.可知这里意思是通常，这
个观点越奇怪，它就会越受到关注。A. cleverer 更聪明的；B. older 更老的；C. stranger 更奇怪；D. simpler
更简单的，故选C。
37. A
【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, surviving 38 on discarded(丢弃)
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food.可知这里意思是那就是为什么一个吃垃圾的法国人引起了我们的注意。A. garbage-eating 吃垃圾的；B.
sports-loving 爱好体育的；C. food-wasting 浪费食物的； D. law-breaking 破坏法律的，故选A。
38. C
【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：Baptiste Dubanchet 骑着自行车穿越欧洲，完全靠丢弃的食物生存。
A.secretly 秘密地；B. finally 最后；C. entirely 完全地；D. probably 很可能，故选C。
39. B
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：从巴黎到华沙历时三个月、1900 英里的旅程，是Dubanchet 引起欧洲和全
世界对食物残羹注意的道路。A.purpose 目的；B.way 道路；C.opinion 意见；D. dream 梦想，故选B。
40. B
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：你可以想象，这次旅行不是小菜一碟。A. observe 观察；B. imagine 想象；
C. suggest 建议；D. remember 记得，故选B。
41. D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然餐馆每年扔掉大量的食物，但由于垃圾容器上锁、卫生规定或商
业政策，很多食物仍然难以接近。A . store 存储；B.cook 做饭；C. shop for 购买某物；D. throw away 扔掉，
故选D。
42.A
【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据it remains inaccessible 可知这里意思是垃圾容器上锁。A.locked 上锁的；
B . damaged 被损坏的；C.connected 连接的；D. abandoned 被抛弃的，故选A。
43. B
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：只有大约十分之一的地方给他提供了食物，否则就会被丢弃。A.bought 买；
B. offered 提供；C . ordered 命令；D. sold 销售，故选B。
44. A
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止浪费食物的政策。A.reasons 原因；B.
rights 权利；C.fees 费用；D. aids 援助，故选A。
45.B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止分发食物残渣的政策。A.
begging for 乞求； B. giving away 分发；C . hiding 隐藏；D. causing 造成，故选B。
46. D
【解析】考查动词辨析。上文说由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止分发食物残渣的政策。可知这里意思
是有些人甚至冒着失业的危险给我食物。A.did 做；B. kept 保持；C.accepted 接受；
D. risked 冒…的危险，故选D。
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47. C
【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：特别有趣的是各个城市对Dubanchet 事件的态度。A.hardly 几乎不；
B. usually 通常；C . particularly 特别是；D . merely 仅仅，故选C。
48. A
【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen.可知这里意思是柏林是
最容易的。A.easiest 最容易的；B . nearest 最近的；C . biggest 最大的；D. richest 最富有的，故选A。
49. C
【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：在那里，他必须在大约50 家不同的商店或餐馆询问，才能找到食物。
A.work 工作；B. shout 呼喊；C.ask 询问；D. jump 跳跃，故选C。
50. D
【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的高强度运动时，挑战就更加严
峻了。A. competition 竞赛；B. conversation 会话；C. conflict 冲突；D. challenge 挑战，故选D。
51. C
【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的高强度运动时，挑战就更加
严峻了。A. adequate 充足的；B. rewarding 有益的；C. demanding 要求高的；D. suitable 适当的，故选C。
52.D
【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：我必须快点吃东西，因为骑了那么多自行车，我累了，我需要能量。
A.again 再一次；B. alone 独自地；C . later 后来；D. fast 迅速地，故选D。
53. B
【解析】考查名词辨析。根据because after all the biking I am tired 可知我需要能量。A.spirit 精神；
B . energy 能量；C.time 时间；D. effort 努力，故选B。
54.A
【解析】考查名词辨析。根据That is the most important thing, not what I am eating.可知这里意思是我的胃是
满的还是空的。A. stomach 胃；B. hand 手；C. pocket 口袋；D. basket 篮子，故选A。
55. D
【解析】考查动词辨析。根据With any luck, he'll tum a few more heads in the process.可知这里意思是他计划
在七月中旬结束他的旅行。A.arrange 安排；B . restart 重新开始；C. report 报告；
D. finish 结束，故选D。
2018 年高考真题
1.【2018·全国卷II】
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Two weeks earlier, my son, Ben, had got in touch. He’d moved to England with his mum when he was three
and it had been 13 years since I’d 41 seen him. So imagine my 42 when he emailed me saying he
wanted to come to visit me.
I was 43 ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to 44 . The bay was 45 in
sunshine, and there was a group of kayakers around 150m off the shore. Getting a little 46 , I realized one
kayak（皮划艇） was in 47 . ＂Something’s not 48 !＂ I took off my T-shirt and 49 into the
water. I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lying across the middle. He was 50 violently.
Linking arms with one of the instructors. I helped 51 the young man out of the water. He was unconscious
and as I looked at his face, something 52 to me. Those brown eyes were very 53 . ＂What’s his name?
＂ I asked the instructor. ＂Ben,＂ he replied, and immediately I 54 . That stranger was my son!
The instructors called for an ambulance.
55
, after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be
allowed to
56
and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben
57
to
me. ＂I just want to say thank you,＂ he said. ＂You 58
my life!＂
I still can’t believe what a 59
it was. I’m just so glad I was there 60
to help my son.
41. A. also
B. often
C. even
D. last
42. A. delight
B. relief
C. anger
D. worry
43. A. scared
B. shocked
C. thrilled
D. ashamed
44. A. talk
B. stay
C. meet
D.
settle
45. A. bathed
B. clean
C. deep
D. formed
46. A. faster
B. closer
C. heavier
D. wiser
47. A. trouble
B. advance
C. question
D. battle
48. A. real
B. right
C. fair
D. fit
49. A. stared
B. sank
C. dived
D. fell
50. A. arguing
B. fighting
C. shouting
D. shaking
51. A. lead
B. persuade
C. carry
D. keep
52. A. happened
B. occurred
C. applied
D. appealed
53. A. sharp
B. pleasant
C. attractive
D. familiar
54. A. agreed
B. hesitated
C. doubted
D. knew
55. A. Fortunately
B. Frankly
C. Sadly
D. Suddenly
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56. A. return
B. relax
C. speak
D. leave
57. A. joked
B. turned
C. listened
D. pointed
58. A. created
B. honored
C. saved
D. guided
59. A. coincidence
B. change
C. pity
D. pain
60. A. on board
B. in time
C. for sure
D. on purpose
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者13 年后和儿子见面的情景。在和儿子见面的地点，作者救
了一个年轻人，没有想到的是，年轻人竟然是自己13 年未见的儿子。
41.D 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。根据空前句中可知，儿子在三岁的时候离开，到现在已经13 年了。由
此可以暗示出是上一次见面。A. also 也；B. often 经常；C. even 甚至；D. last 上一次，故选D 项切
题。
42.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，13 年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子的电子邮
件，并且说要来看自己。由此可以推知，我很快乐、开心。A. delight 高兴，愉快；B. relief (痛苦、
忧虑等的)解除，减轻；C. anger 怒，忿怒；D. worry 担心。故选A 项切题。
43.C 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据第一段可知，作者13 年没有见到自己的儿子，突然收到儿子要
来拜访自己的电子邮件，肯定是欣喜若狂。A. scared 惊恐的；B. shocked 震惊的；C. thrilled 欣喜若
狂的；D. ashamed 惭愧的。故选C 项切题。
44.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据空前可知，我很早就到了拜伦湾，我们应该在那里见
面。A. talk 谈话；B. stay 停留； C. meet 见面；D. settle 解决。故选C 项切题。
45.A 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据上下文可知，早晨海湾应该是沐浴在阳光里。A. bathed 沐浴；
B. clean 清扫；C. deep 深处；D. formed 形成。故选A 项切题。
46.B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据常识和下文儿子出现意外情况可知，只有是离的比较近一点，
才能意识到一只皮划艇出现意外。A. faster 迅速的；B. closer 靠近，逼近(其他船只等)；C. heavier 重
的，沉重的；D. wiser 有智慧的；聪明的。故选B 项切题。
47.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文儿子出现意外情况可知，一只皮筏艇处于麻烦之中。A.
trouble 麻烦，困难；B. advance 前进，进展；C. question 问题，疑问；D. battle 战斗，战役。故选A
项切题。
48.B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据上句皮划艇处于麻烦之中可知，某件事不正常。A. real 真实的；
B. right 正确的，正常的；C. fair 公平的；D. fit 合适的。故选B 项切题。
49.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上文皮划艇有麻烦和下文我去帮忙救人可知，我脱掉我的T 恤衫，
跳入水中。A. stared 盯着看，目不转睛地看，凝视；B. sank 下沉，沉没；C. dived 潜水，跳水；D.
fell 打倒；击倒。故选C 项切题。
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50.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上文a man lying across the middle 和下文He was unconscious 可知，
应该是剧烈的颤抖、摇动。A. arguing 争论，辩论；B. fighting 打架；C. shouting 呼喊；D. shaking 摇
动。故选D 项切题。
51.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。我帮助把年轻人带出水面。A. lead 领导，引导，带领；B. persuade 说
服，劝服；C. carry 搬运，装运；D. keep 保持；保存，保留；故选C 项切题。
52.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据句意可知，当我看着他的脸时，我想到了一些事情。occur 跟to
短语时，表示“想到”，而不是“发生”，happen 后接不定式，是"碰巧"的意思。故选B 项切题。
53.D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文，“What’s his name?”可知，他棕色的眼睛对我来说是很
熟悉的。A. sharp 锐利的；锋利的；B. pleasant 愉快的，快乐的，舒适的；C. attractive 有吸引力的；
引人注目的；D. familiar 亲密的，熟悉的。故选D 项切题。
54.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“That stranger was my son”可知，我马上就知道。A. agreed
同意，赞成，承认，答应；B. hesitated 犹豫，踌躇；C. doubted 怀疑；疑惑；D. knew 知道，了解。
故选D 项切题。
55.A 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。根据空后句子可知，应该是幸运地。A. Fortunately 幸运地，侥幸地；
B. Frankly 率直地，坦白地，真诚地；C. Sadly 悲哀地，悲伤地；D. Suddenly 突然地，忽然地；故选
A 项切题。
56.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据空前was well enough 可知，应该是被允许出院。A. return 返回；
报答；B. relax 放松，休息；C. speak 说；D. leave 离开。故选D 项切题。
57.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“I just want to say thank you”可知，Ben 转向我向我说谢谢。
A. joked 开玩笑；B. turned 转向；C. listened 听；D. pointed 指出。故选B 项切题。
58.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“I helped carry the man out of the water”可知，应该是挽救了
我的生命。A. created 创造；创作；B. honored 尊敬；尊重；给与荣誉；C. saved 救，拯救；D.
guided 指导，指挥；故选C 项切题。
59.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。我没有想到这是多么巧合的一件事呀!A. coincidence 巧合，巧事；B.
change 改变，变更，变换；C. pity 怜悯，同情；D. pain 疼痛；痛苦。故选A 项切题。
60.B 【解析】考查介词词组词义辨析。我高兴的是我在那儿及时帮助了我的儿子。A. on board 在船上；
B. in time 及时；C. for sure 肯定；D. on purpose 目的。故选B 项切题。
【知识拓展】occur 和happen 的区别
1. occur 是比较正式的用语，可用于具体或抽象的事物，通常指按计划或规律在较为确定的时间“发生”的
事。跟to 短语时，表示“想到”，而不是“发生”。例如：Something occurred 意思是“某事发生了”。
An idea occurs to me that going to Switzerland for traveling will be marvelous! 我想到去瑞士旅游会很棒!
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2. happen 常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然的或未能预见的“发生”，是不及物动词。例如：How
did the accident happen? 这事故是怎样发生的?
If anything happens, please let me know. 有什么事发生，请告诉我。
如果happen 后接不定式，是“碰巧”的意思。如：
I happened to meet him on my way home. 我在回家的路上碰巧遇到他。
注意：happen 和happen to 都是不及物动词或短语，不能用于被动语态。
2.【2018·全国卷III】
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say ＂
sorry,
41
number!＂ and move on. But when Dennis Williams
42
a text that clearly wasn’t
intended for him, he did something
43
.
On March 19, Dennis got a group text
44
him that a couple he didn’t know were at the
hospital, waiting for the
45
of a baby.
＂Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken,＂ Dennis
46
. The baby was born and
update texts were
47
quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa. In her
48
, she didn’t
seem to realize that she was
49
the baby’s photos with a complete stranger. ＂Well, I don’t
50
you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby,＂ replied Dennis before asking which room
the new
51
were in.
Much to the family’s surprise, Dennis stuck to his
52
! He turned up at the hospital
53
gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby boy. Lindsey’s husband was totally
54
by the
unexpected visit. ＂I don’t think we would have randomly invited him over but we
55
it and the
gifts.＂
Teresa
56
a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website
57
by the
touching words: ＂What a
58
this young man was to our family! He was so
59
and kind
to do this.＂ The post has since gained the
60
of social media users all over the world, receiving
more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days.
41. A. unlucky
B. secret
C. new
D. wrong
42. A. received
B. translated
C. copied
D. printed
43. A. reasonable
B. special
C. necessary
D. practical
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44. A. convincing
B. reminding
C. informing
D. warning
45. A. wake-up
B. recovery
C. growth
D. arrival
46. A. responded
B. interrupted
C. predicted
D. repeated
47. A. coming in
B. setting out
C. passing down
D. moving around
48. A. opinion
B. anxiety
C. excitement
D. effort
49. A. comparing
B. exchanging
C. discussing
D. sharing
50. A. accept
B. know
C. believe
D. bother
51. A. parents
B. doctors
C. patients
D. visitors
52. A. dream
B. promise
C. agenda
D. principle
53. A. bearing
B. collecting
C. opening
D. making
54. A. discouraged
B. relaxed
C. astonished
D. defeated
55. A. admit
B. need
C. appreciate
D. expect
56. A. found
B. selected
C. developed
D. posted
57. A. confirmed
B. simplified
C. clarified
D. accompanied
58. A. pity
B. blessing
C. relief
D. problem
59. A. smart
B. calm
C. sweet
D. fair
60. A. sympathy
B. attention
C. control
D. trust
【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了Dennis Williams 认真对待陌生人的信息，使陌生人倍受
感动的故事。
41. D 【解析】考查形容词。根据后文But when Dennis Williams 42
a text that clearly wasn't
intended for him, he did something 43
以及后文他所做的事情可以得知，大部分人会回应拨错
号了。A. unlucky 不幸的；B. secret 秘密的；C. new 新的；D. wrong 错误的。故选D。
42.A 【解析】考查动词。根据文章第一句When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an
unknown person 可以推知，他接到了电话。A. received 收到；B. translated 翻译；C. copied 复制；D.
printed 印刷。故选A。
43.B 【解析】考查形容词。根据后文内容可知，他做了与众不同的事情，所以用special 合适。A.
reasonable 合理的；B. special 特别的；C. necessary 必要的；D. practical 现实可行的。
44.C 【解析】考查动词。根据后句a couple he didn’t know were at the hospital, waiting for the ____ of a baby.
可知，这对陌生夫妇是在告诉他这个消息。A. convincing 让人信服的；B. reminding 提醒；C.
informing 通知；D. warning 警告。故选C。
45.D 【解析】考查名词。根据下文The baby was born 可知，他们在等候新生儿的到来。A. wake-up 醒来；
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B. recovery 恢复；C. growth 成长；D. arrival 到来。故选D。
46. A 【解析】考查动词。根据前句内容可知，这是Dennis 的回复。A. responded 回复；B. interrupted 打断；
C. predicted 预料；D. repeated 重复。故选A。
47.A 【解析】考查动词短语。根据本句The baby was born and update texts were 47 quickly from the
overjoyed grandmother, Teresa.可知，消息很快再次进来。A. coming in 进来；B. setting out 着手；C.
passing down 使流传；D. moving around 走来走去。故选Ａ。
48. C 【解析】考查名词。根据本句In her 48 , she didn’t seem to realize that she was 49 the
baby’s photos with a complete stranger.可知，这位妈妈太兴奋，没有意识到把照片分享给了陌生人。
A. opinion 观点；B. anxiety 焦虑；C. excitement 兴奋；D. effort 努力。故选C。
49.D 【解析】考查动词。根据后文I will get there to take pictures with the baby replied Dennis before asking
which room the new 51 were in 可知，Dennis 收到了Teresa 发来的照片，所以是她跟陌生人分享了照
片。A. comparing 比较；B. exchanging 交换；C. discussing 讨论；D. sharing 分享。故选D。
50.B 【解析】考查动词。根据前文Dennis got a group text 44 him that a couple he didn’t know 可知，
Dennis 不认识他们。A. accept 接受；B. know 认识，了解；C. believe 相信；D. bother 打扰，麻烦。
故选Ｂ。
51.A 【解析】考查名词。根据前文可以推知，这对夫妇为新父母。A. parents 父母；B. doctors 医生；C.
patients 病人；D. visitors 游客。故选A。
52.B 【解析】考查名词。根据后文He turned up at the hospital 53 gifts for the new mother Lindsey
and her baby boy.可知，他坚守了自己对于新妈妈Lindsey 和她的孩子礼物的承诺。A. dream 梦想；
B. promise 承诺；C. agenda 会议议程；D. principle 原则。故选B。
53.A 【解析】考查动词。根据语境可知，他是拿着礼物来的。A. bearing 携带，拿；B. collecting 收集；C.
opening 打开；D. making 制造。故选A。
54.C 【解析】考查形容词。根据unexpected 可知，她丈夫是十分惊讶。A. discouraged 沮丧；B. relaxed 放
松的；C. astonished 吃惊的；D. defeated 打败的。故选C。
55.C 【解析】考查动词。根据语境以及后文往网上发帖可知，Teresa 夫妇十分感激Dennis 的到来以及带来
的礼物。A. admit 承认；B. need 需要；C. appreciate 感激；D. expect 期望。故选C。
56.D【解析】考查动词。根据后文The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over the world,
receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61, 500 likes in just three days.可知，她把照片贴到了网上。A.
found 发现；B. selected 选择；C. developed 发展；D. posted 发帖。故选D。
57.D 【解析】考查动词。根据语境可知，照片后面附着一段感人的文字。A. confirmed 确定；B. simplified
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简化；C. clarified 分类；D. accompanied 伴随着。故选D。
58.B 【解析】考查名词。根据语境可推知，这位母亲认为这位年轻的陌生人来看望宝宝是上帝的祝福。A.
pity 同情，怜悯；B. blessing 祝福；C. relief 放松，如释重负；D. problem 问题。故选B。
59.C【解析】考查形容词。根据语境He was so 59 and kind to do this.可知，与kind 并列，所以用sweet，表
甜美善良。A. smart 聪明的；B. calm 冷静的；C. sweet 甜美的；D. fair 公平的。故选C。
60. B 【解析】考查名词。根据文章最后一句The post has since gained the 60 of social media users all over
the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61, 500 likes in just three days.可知，三天里有184,000
人分享，61,500 点赞，所以是引起了极大关注。A. sympathy 同情；B. attention 关注；C. control 控制；
D. trust 信任。故选B。
3.【2018·北京卷】
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上
将该项涂黑。
The Homeless Hero
For many, finding an unattended wallet filled with £400 in cash would be a source（来源）of temptation（诱
惑）. But the 16 would no doubt be greater if you were living on the streets with little food and money. All of
this makes the actions of the homeless Tom Smith 17 more remarkable.
After spotting a 18 on the front seat inside a parked car with its window down, he stood guard in the
rain for about two hours waiting for the 19 to return.
After hours in the cold and wet, he 20 inside and pulled the wallet out hoping to find some ID so he
could contact（联系）the driver, only to 21 it contained £400 in notes, with another £50 in spare change
beside it.
He then took the wallet to a nearby police station after 22 a note behind to let the owner know it was
safe. When the car’s owner John Anderson and his colleague Carol Lawrence returned to the car—which was itself
worth £35, 000—in Glasgow city centre, they were 23 to find two policemen standing next to it. The
policemen told them what Mr. Smith did and that the wallet was 24 .
The pair were later able to thank Mr. Smith for his 25 .
Mr. Anderson said: ＂I couldn’t believe that the guy never took a penny. To think he is sleeping on the streets
tonight 26 he could have stolen the money and paid for a place to stay in. This guy has nothing and 27
he didn’t take the wallet for himself；he thought about others 28 . It’s unbelievable. It just proves there are
29 guys out there.＂
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Mr. Smith’s act 30 much of the public’s attention. He also won praise from social media users after
Mr. Anderson 31 about the act of kindness on Facebook.
Now Mr. Anderson has set up an online campaign to 32 money for Mr. Smith and other homeless
people in the area, which by yesterday had received £8,000. ＂I think the faith that everyone has shown 33
him has touched him. People have been approaching him in the street; he’s had job 34 and all sorts,＂ Mr.
Anderson commented.
For Mr. Smith, this is a possible life-changing 35 . The story once again tells us that one good turn
deserves another.
16. A. hope
B. aim
C. urge
D. effort
17. A. still
B. even
C. ever
D. once
18. A. wallet
B. bag
C. box
D. parcel
19. A. partner
B. colleague
C. owner
D. policeman
20. A. turned
B. hid
C. stepped
D. reached
21. A. discover
B. collect
C. check
D. believe
22. A. taking
B. leaving
C. reading
D. writing
23. A. satisfied
B. excited
C. amused
D. shocked
24. A. safe
B. missing
C. found
D. seen
25. A. service
B. support
C. kindness
D. encouragement
26. A. when
B. if
C. where
D. because
27. A. rather
B. yet
C. already
D. just
28. A. too
B. though
C. again
D. instead
29. A. honest
B. polite
C. rich
D. generous
30. A. gave
B. paid
C. cast
D. drew
31. A. learned
B. posted
C. cared
D. heard
32. A. borrow
B. raise
C. save
D. earn
33. A. of
B. at
C. for
D. in
34. A. details
B. changes
C. offers
D. applications
35. A. lesson
B. adventure
C. chance
D. challenge
【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议类文章。文章讲述了流浪汉Tom 发现一辆车窗开着的汽车前座上有一
个钱包。Tom 冒雨等了数个小时，在查找不到车主身份的情况下将钱包交到了警察局。钱包的主人Mr.
Anderson 在得知一切后，将Tom 的善举发布到了Facebook 上。Tom 的行为引发了人们的好评和帮助。这
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件事印证了一句俗语：善有善报。
16.C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. hope 希望；B. aim 目标；C. urge 强烈的欲望，冲动；D. effort 努力。
上一句提到，对很多人来说，一个装有£400 无人看管的钱包是一种诱惑（它诱惑着人们将其据为己
有）。结合该句中的比较级greater 可知，对于一个无家可归的人来说，这样的一个钱包是一个更大
的诱惑，将其据为己有的欲望会更大。该空对应上一句中的“a source（来源）of temptation（诱
惑）”，C 选项正确。
17.B 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A. still 仍然；B. even 更加，愈发，甚至；C. ever 曾经；D. once 曾经，
一度。所有这一切使得流浪汉Tom Smith 的行为更加的不同寻常。even 在该句中修饰比较级more
remarkable。B 选项正确。
18.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. wallet 钱包；B. bag 包；C. box 盒子，箱子；D. parcel 包裹，包袱。
由第三段中的After hours in the cold and wet, he 20 inside and pulled the wallet out hoping to
find some ID 可知，Tom Smith 发现一辆汽车的前排座上有一个钱包。当时这辆车停在那儿，窗户摇
了下来。A 选项正确。
19.C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. partner 同伴，伙伴；B. colleague 同事；C. owner 主人；D. policeman
警察。Tom 冒雨等待车主回来。C 选项正确。
20.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. turned 转动；B. hid 藏，隐藏；C. stepped 迈步，举步；D. reached 伸
手去拿，到达。由后面的pulled the wallet out 可知，在雨里等了数个小时后，Tom 将手伸进车窗，
将钱包拿了出来。D 选项正确。
21.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. discover 发现；B. collect 搜集；C. check 核对，检查；D. believe 相信。
Tom 将钱包拿出来企图找到一些身份证明，这样他就能联系司机了，结果他却发现钱包里装着£400
的纸币和£50 的零钱。A 选项正确。
22.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. taking 带走；B. leaving 留下，落下，离开；C. reading 读；D. writing
写。他拿着钱包去了附近的警察局，在车上留下了一张便条，其目的是让车主知道他的钱包是安全
的。B 选项正确。
23.D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. satisfied 满意的；B. excited 兴奋的；C. amused 被逗乐的；D.
shocked 震惊的。当车主返回时，发现自己的车边有警察，应该感到很惊讶。故D 选项正确。
24.A 【解析】考查形容词/动词词义辨析。A. safe 安全的；B. missing 不见的，丢失的；C. found 发现，找
到；D. seen 看见。由该段开头可知，Tom 将钱包带去了警察局，因此该处警察告诉John 他的钱包
是安全的。A 选项正确。
25.C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. service 服务；B. support 支持；C. kindness 善意，善良；D.
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encouragement 鼓励。Tom 将钱包交给警察，没有据为己有，这是一种善举。故C 选项正确。
26.A 【解析】考查状语从句引导词。A. when 在……情况下，既然；B. if 如果；C. where 表地点；D.
because 因为。在Tom 本来可以偷了钱去支付一个可以睡觉的地方的情况下，他仍然选择了露宿街
头（没有偷钱）。所以Mr. Anderson 对Tom 的行为感到很惊讶。A 选项正确。
27.B 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A. rather 相当；B. yet 但是；C. already 已经；D. just 仅仅。Tom 什么都
没有，但是他没有拿走钱包。前后两句话之间是转折关系，故B 选项正确。
28D【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A. too 也；B. though 但是；C. again 再，又；D. instead 代替。Tom 没有拿
走钱包，他考虑的是别人，没有考虑自己。D 选项正确。
29.A 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. honest 诚实的；B. polite 礼貌的；C. rich 富有的；D. generous 慷慨
的。Tom 没有拿走钱包，而是把它交到了警察局，这是一种诚实的行为。A 选项正确。
30.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. gave 给；B. paid 支付；C. cast 投掷，投射；D. drew 吸引。Tom 的行
为吸引了公众的关注。D 选项正确。
31.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. learned 学习，学会；B. posted 发布，张贴；C. cared 关心，在意；D.
heard 听到。由后面的Facebook(一个社交网站)可知，在Mr. Anderson 将Tom 的善举发布到Facebook
上之后，Tom 赢得了社交媒体使用者的赞扬。B 选项正确。
32.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. borrow 借；B. raise 筹集；C. save 挽救，节省；D. earn 挣（钱）。
Mr. Anderson 在网上发起一个运动来为Tom 和其他无家可归的人筹钱。B 选项正确。
33.D 【解析】考查介词。大家向Tom 表示出的信任触动了Tom。faith 意为“信任，相信”，常和介词in 搭
配，意为“对……的信任，相信……”，故D 选项正确。
34.C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. details 细节；B. changes 改变；C. offers 提供（物），给予（物），
提议；D. applications 应用，申请。该句应指Tom 得到了人们的帮助，人们为他提供工作和其他的
东西。C 选项正确。
35.C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. lesson 课；B. adventure 冒险；C. chance 机会；D. challenge 挑战。这
件事对于流浪汉Tom 来说是一个可以改变终生的机会。C 选项正确。
点睛：1. 完形填空解题技巧之一：上下联系—寻信息。完形填空中经常会出现前面的信息为后面的空白提
供暗示，而后面的信息有可能是前面空白的答案的情况。这时，要联系上下文，寻求信息以确定答案。第
18 小题，考生可以根据前两句中的“wallet”和第三段中的“wallet”来确定答案。
2. 完形填空解题技巧二：左顾右盼—找搭配。英语中，有些单词词义相近，而句型结构及跟其他词的搭配
却截然不同。考生不能单从词义上去辨析，而应审查空白前后的名词、动词、介词或非谓语动词等，比较
与各选项的搭配关系，然后确定答案。在33 题中，考生可以根据该空前的faith 确定搭配关系。如果考生
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从show 来入手，那么就很困难了。
4.【2018·天津卷】
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35 各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own
16
.
I learned this lesson from a(n)
17
many years ago. I took the head
18
job at a school in Baxley,
Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program.
It was a tradition for the school’s old team to play against the 19
team at the end of spring practice. The
old team had no coach, and they didn’t even practice to
20
the game. Being the coach of the new team, I
was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. I couldn’t
21
I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I came to
22
that my team might not be the number
one team in Georgia, but they were
23
me. I had to change my
24
about their ability and potential.
I started doing anything I could to help them build a little
25
. Most important, I began to treat them like
26
. That summer, When the other teams enjoyed their 27
, we met every day and 28
passing and
kicking the football.
Six months after suffering our
29
on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second,
and continued to 30
. Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a
31
for
us even if we lost the game. But that wasn’t what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me
one of the greatest 3 2
of my life!
From the experience I learnt a lot about how the attitude of the leader can
33
the members of a team.
Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and 34
them. I helped them to see themselves 35
, and they
built themselves into winners.
Winners are made, but born.
16. A. luck
B. tests
C. efforts
D. nature
17. A. experiment
B. experience
C. visit
D. show
18. A. operating
B. editing
C. consulting
D. coaching
19. A. successful
B. excellent
C. strong
D. new
20. A. cheer for
B. prepare for
C. help with
D. finish with
21. A. believe
B. agree
C. describe
D. regret
22. A. realize
B. claim
C. permit
D. demand
23. A. reacting to
B. looking for
C. depending on
D. caring about
24. A. decision
B. attitude
C. conclusion
D. intention
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25. A. pride
B. culture
C. fortune
D. relationship
26. A. leaders
B. partners
C. winners
D. learners
27. A. rewards
B. vacations
C. health
D. honor
28. A. risked
B. missed
C. considered
D. practiced
29. A. defeat
B. decline
C. accident
D. mistake
30. A. relax
B. improve
C. expand
D. defend
31. A. shame
B. burden
C. victory
D. favor
32. A. chances
B. thrills
C. concerns
D. offers
33. A. surprise
B. serve
C. interest
D. affect
34. A. encouraged
B. observed
C. protected
D. impressed
35. A. honestly
B. individually
C. calmly
D. differently
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。多年前作者担任过一个学校足球队的教练，在一次比赛中输给了学
校的新队。作者开始反思，不停的训练和鼓励队员，最终不可思议的赢得州里最强的对手。从这次经历中，
作者感悟到：没有人天生就是赢家，只有依靠自己的努力才能成为赢家。
16.C 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. luck 幸运；B. tests 测试；C. efforts 努力；D. nature 自然。
根据前一句No one is born a winner.（没有人天生就是赢家），根据常识可知，只有依靠自己的努力
才能成为赢家。故选C。
17.B 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A .experiment 实验；B. experience 经历；C. visit 参观；D. show
展示。根据下文可知，作者是从一次经历中得出这样的教训的。故选B。
18.D 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. operating 操作；B. editing 编辑；C. consulting 咨询；D.
coaching 指导。根据后文Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going
to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated.可知，作者在一所学校担任总教练工作。故选D。
19.D 【解析】考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. successful 成功的；B. excellent 杰出的；C. strong 强壮的；
D. new 新的。根据前半句It was a tradition for the school’s old team 中的old team 提示可知，春季训练
结束时，学校新老队伍对抗是一个传统。故选D。
20.B 【解析】考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. cheer for 为……欢呼；B. prepare for 为……准备；C.
help with 帮助某人做……；D. finish with 结束于；和. ……断绝关系。老队没有教练，他们甚至不练
习来准备比赛。故选B。
21.A 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. believe 相信；B. agree 同意；C. describe 描述；D. regret 后
悔。根据前句but to my disappointment we were defeated.可知，作者不能相信会遇到这样的情况。故
选A。
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22.A 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. realize 意识到；B. claim 宣称；C. permit 允许；D. demand
要求。短语come to realize 开始意识到。我开始意识到我的队也许不是佐治亚州头号队伍。故选A。
23.C 【解析】考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. reacting to 对……起反应；B. looking for 寻找；C.
depending on 依靠；D. caring about 关心。但他们都在依靠我。故选C。
24.B 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. decision 决定；B. attitude 态度；C. conclusion 结论；D.
intention 意图。我不得不改变我对他们能力和潜力的态度。故选B。
25.A 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. pride 自豪，自尊心；B. culture 文化；C. fortune 幸运；D.
relationship 关系。我开始做任何我能做的事情来帮助他们建立一点自尊心。故选A。
26.C 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. leaders 领导；B. partners 伙伴；C. winners 获胜者；D.
learners 学习者。根据后文Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and____19____them.以及文中
最后一句提示可知，作者开始像获胜者对待他们。故选C。
27.B 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. reward 报酬；B. vacations 假期；C. health 健康；D. honor 荣
誉。根据That summer 可知，当其它队队员享受着他们假期的时候。故选B。
28.D 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. risked 冒险；B. missed 错过；C. considered 考虑；D.
practiced 练习。根据上文The old team had no coach, and they didn't even practice to ____5____the
game.提示可得出答案。这里指练习传球和踢球。故选D。
29.A 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. defeat 打败；B. decline 跌落；C. accident 事故；D. mistake
错误。根据上文but to my disappointment we were defeated.提示可得出答案。在春季训练赛场遭受失
败之后。故选A。
30.B 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. relax 放松；B. improve 提高，改善；C. expand 扩大；D.
defend 防御。根据前句we won our first game and our second 可知，我们继续在提高。故选B。
31.C 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. shame 羞愧；B. burden 负担；C. victory 胜利；D. favor 赞成。
即使我们输掉比赛，我们感觉它会是一场胜利。故选C。
32.B 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. chances 机会；B. thrills 激动；C. concerns 关心；D. offers 提
供。根据前句My boys beat the best team in Georgia 可知，是作者一生中最激动人心的一次！故选
B。
33.D 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. surprise 惊讶；B. serve 服务；C. interest 兴趣；D. offers 提
供。从这次经历，我意识到领袖的态度如何能够呈现给队里的每个成员。故选D。
34.A 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. encouraged 鼓励；B. observed 观察；C. protected 保护；D.
impressed 影响。根据I pushed 可知，作者在推动和鼓励他们。故选A。
35.D 【解析】考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. honestly 诚实地；B. individually 个别地；C. calmly 镇静地；
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D. differently 不同地。根据后句and they built themselves into winners.可知，我帮助他们以不同的方
式看待自己。故选D。
【点睛】本文是一篇记叙类的完形填空，难度中等偏易。考生需认真阅读短文，仔细审题，主要的是要理
解全文的中心思想：没有人天生就是赢家，只有依靠自己的努力才能成为赢家。考生做题时，首先抓住文
章开头的中心句，然后要注意抓住故事情节，理解文章脉络，领会作者的写作意图，注重语境的理解，前
后句之间的联系，在语境中斟酌所选的答案。
5.【2018·江苏】
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上
将该项涂黑。
Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment. Their savings had been
3 6 to pay lawyers’ fees. To make matters worse, Moth was diagnosed（诊断）with a
37
disease. There was no
3 8
, only pain relief.
Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a
3 9
journey, as they caught sight of an old
hikers’(徒步旅行者）guide.
This was a long journey of unaccustomed hardship and
40
recovery. When leaving home, Raynor
and
Moth had just ￡320 in the bank. They planned to keep the
41
low by living on boiled noodles,
with the
42
hamburger shop treat.
Wild camping is
43
in England. To avoid being caught, the Winns had to get their tent up
44
and packed it away early in the morning. The Winns soon discovered that daily hiking in their 50s is a lot
45
than they remember it was in their 20s. Raynor
46
all over and desired a bath. Moth, meanwhile, after
an initial
4 7
, found his symptoms were strangely
48
by their daily tiring journey.
49
, the couple found that their bodies turned for the better, with re-found strong muscles that they
thought had
50
forever. ＂Our hair was fried and falling out, nails broken, clothes
51
to a
thread, but we were alive.＂
During the journey, Raynor began a career as a nature writer. She writes, ＂
52
had taken every
material thing from me and left me torn bare, an empty page at the end of a(n)
53
written book. It had
also given me a
54
, either to leave that page
55
or to keep writing the story with hope. I chose
hope.＂
36. A. drawn up
B. used up
C. backed up
D. kept up
37. A. mild
B. common
C. preventable
D. serious
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38. A. cure
B. luck
C. care
D. promise
39. A. business
B. walking
C. bus
D. rail
40. A. expected
B. frightening
C. disappointing
D. surprising
41. A. budget
B. revenue
C. compensation
D. allowance
42. A. frequent
B. occasional
C. abundant
D. constant
43. A. unpopular
B. lawful
C. attractive
D. illegal
44. A. soon
B. early
C. late
D. slowly
45. A. harder
B. easier
C. cheaper
D. funnier
46. A. rolled
B. bled
C. ached
D. trembled
47. A. struggle
B. progress
C. excitement
D. research
48. A. developed
B. controlled
C. reduced
D. increased
49. A. Initially
B. Eventually
C. Temporarily
D. Consequently
50. A. gained
B. kept
C. wounded
D. lost
51. A. sewn
B. washed
C. worn
D. ironed
52. A. Doctors
B. Hiking
C. Lawyers
D. Homelessness
53. A. well
B. partly
C. neatly
D. originally
54. A. choice
B. reward
C. promise
D. break
55. A. loose
B. full
C. blank
D. missing
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Winn 夫妇投资失败变得一无所有，更糟糕的是丈夫被
诊断为重疾。然而他们没有放弃，决定徒步野外旅行。出乎意料的是，丈夫的症状渐渐减少了，夫妇二人
变得越来越强壮了，妻子也开始了自然作家的生涯。
36.B 【解析】考查动词短语以及对语境的理解。A. drawn up 起草；B. used up 用光；C. backed up 拥堵；
D. kept up 保持。根据后面的to pay lawyers’ fees.提示可知，他们的积蓄都用光了。故选B。
37.D 【解析】考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. mild 温和的；B. common 共同的；C. preventable 可
预防的；D. serious 严重的。根据后句There was no 38 , only pain relief.可知，Moth 被诊断为
严重的疾病。故选D。
38.A 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. cure 对策；B. luck 幸运；C. care 关心；D. promise 诺言。
名词cure 在这里表示“治疗的方法”。没有任何治疗的方法，只有止疼。故选A。
39.B 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. business 事务；B. walking 走；C. bus 公交；D. rail 栏杆。
根据后句as they caught sight of an old hikers’(徒步旅行者）guide.可知，他们决定作一次徒步旅行。
故选B。
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40.D 【解析】考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. expected 预期的；B. frightening 令人害怕的；C.
disappointing 令人失望的；D. surprising 令人惊讶的。这是一次漫长的旅程，经历了不寻常的艰苦和
惊人的恢复。故选D。
41.A 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. budget 预算；B. revenue 税收；C. compensation 赔偿；
D. allowance 津贴。他们计划靠吃煮面条来维持低预算。故选A。
42.B 【解析】考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. frequent 频繁的；B. occasional 偶尔的；C. abundant 大量
的； D. constant 不断的。偶尔到汉堡包店款待。故选B。
43.D 【解析】考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. unpopular 不受欢迎的；B. lawful 合法的；C. attractive 吸
引人的；D. illegal 非法的。根据后句To avoid being caught,可知，在英国，野营是非法的。故选D。
44.C 【解析】考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. soon 不久；B. early 早的；C. late 迟的；D. slowly 慢慢地。
根据后句and packed it away early in the morning.中的early 提示可知，他们不得不晚些时候把帐篷搭
起来。故选C。
45.A 【解析】考查形容词比较级以及对语境的理解。A. harder 更难的；B. easier 更容易的；C. cheaper 更
便宜的；D. funnier 可笑的。根据常识可知，Winns 夫妇很快发现在他们50 多岁的每日徒步旅行要
比他们所记的在他们20 多岁的每日徒步旅行要艰难的很多。故选A。
46.C 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. rolled 滚动；B. bled 流血；C. ached 疼；D. trembled 发抖。
根据常识可知，Raynor 浑身疼。故选C。
47.A 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. struggle 斗争；B. progress 进展；C. excitement 激动；D.
research 研究。经过最初的与病魔作斗争。故选A。
48.C 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. developed 发展；B. controlled 控制；C. reduced 减少；D.
increased 增加。发现他的症状不可思议的减少了。故选C。
49.B 【解析】考查副词以及对语境的理解。A. Initially 起初；B. Eventually 最终；C. Temporarily 临时地；
D. Consequently 因此。最终，这对夫妇发现他们的身体变好了。故选B。
50.D 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. gained 获得；B. kept 保持；C. wounded 受伤；D. lost 失去。
根据前句with re-found strong muscles 可知他们原以为永远失去的强壮的肌肉又再现了。故选D。
51.C 【解析】考查动词以及对语境的理解。A. sewn 缝；B. washed 洗；C. worn 穿破；D. ironed 熨。这里
指他们的衣服破成了线状物。故选C。
52.D 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. Doctors 医生；B. Hiking 徒步旅行；C. Lawyers 律师；D.
Homelessness 无家可归。无家可归夺走了我所有的物质。故选D。
53.B 【解析】考查副词以及对语境的理解。 A. well 好；B. partly 部分地；C. neatly 整洁地；D. originally
起初。在写已好书中的部分，最后有一页空白页。故选B。
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54.A 【解析】考查名词以及对语境的理解。A. choice 选择；B. reward 报酬；C. promise 许诺； D.
break 休息。根据后句either to leave that page 55 or to keep writing the story with hope.中either
… or …可知这里是一种选择。它也给我一种选择。故选A。
55.C 【解析】考查形容词以及对语境的理解。A. loose 宽松的；B. full 满的；C. blank 空白的；D. missing
失踪的。根据前文中an empty page at the end of a(n) 53 written book.可知要么留下那页空白，
要么继续写着希望的故事。故选C。
点睛：本篇完形填空讲述了一个励志故事，传递出面对人生逆境乐观以对的人生态度。题目难度属于中等。
考生需认真阅读短文，仔细审题，注意抓住故事情节，理解文章脉络，领会作者的写作意图，注重语境的
理解，前后句之间的联系，在语境中斟酌所选的答案。
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