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三年(2020-2022)年高考真题分项汇编
专题06 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致
2022 年高考真题
1.(2022 新高考I 卷)
The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be)previously unprotected,
答案:were
解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的
大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that 引导的限制性定语
从句中作谓语,先行词为a significant number of areas,先行词在从句中作主语,根据“previously (之前地)”
可知从句的时态应为一般过去时,根据主谓一致,从句主语复数,从句谓语复数形式。故填were。
2.(2022 新高考I 卷)
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP __________ (design)to
reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving
biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future
generations”.
答案:is designed
解析:考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:GPNP 旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生
物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语,和句
子的主语The GPNP 之间为被动关系;叙述客观事实,应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动
语态,主语单数,谓语单数形式。故填is designed。
3(2022 全国甲卷)
In the last five years, Cao ___________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents
答案:has walked
解析:考查动词时态。句意:在过去
五年中,曹操穿越了六大洲的34 个国家,2016 年,他到达了乞力
马扎罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years 可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语
Cao 为第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has walked。
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4.(2022 全国乙卷)
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___________ (address) the opening ceremony.
答案:addressed
解析:考查时态。句意:中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情,用一般过去时。故填
addressed。
5(2022 年浙江卷1 月)
Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane ________(view) as important
for scientists to get together and exchange information.
答案:is viewed 或has been viewed
解析:考查被动语态。句意:对科学家而言,旅行去参加会议、讲座、工作室之类的地方来相聚并交流信
息这件事被视为是重要的。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时,此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现
在的认知,动名词作主语与主谓之间存在被动关系,故填is viewed 或has been viewed。
6(2022 年浙江卷1 月)
But Cobb and others ________ (be) now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances
to participate remotely, and ________(change) their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the
climate change crisis.
答案:are;changing
解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:但是现在Cobb 和其他人正在质疑那个想法,推动会议提供更多远程
参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机,他们正在改变他们的个人行为。第一空:根据句
意可知,此处也应使用现在进行时,主语为复数,故填are。第二空:分析句子结构可知,此处and 连接并
列的动词questioning 和change,故填changing。
7(2022 年浙江卷1 月)
On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics —many of them climate scientists
__________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
答案:have promised
解析:考查时态。句意:例如,在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上,自从两年前成立以来,大约有200
个学者,他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时,
故填have promised。
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8.(2022 年新高考2 卷)
Henry ___42___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony.
He quickly ___43___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
答案:42. was fixing 43. threw
解析:
【42 题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意:听到尖叫声时,亨利正在修车。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空
后的when he heard the screams,可知,设空处的动作是正在发生的,同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使
用过去进行时。fix 为动词,意为“修理”,其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。
【43 题详解】
考查谓语动词过去式。句意:他迅速把工具扔到一边,伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构,设空处与空后
的and started 构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw 为动词,意为“扔”,过去时为threw。故填
threw。
2021 年高考真题
1.(2021.6 新高考1 卷 语法填空)
What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can't help wondering how hard it 6 (be) for the people
then to put all those rocks into place.
【答案】was
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,此处应该填谓语动词。根据空后的提示词then 可
知,表示当时的情况,故此处谓语动词应用一般过去时;从句主语为it,是第三人称单数形式。故填
was。
2.(2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空)
After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and 10
(sell) most of their
furniture.
【答案】sold
【解析】考查一般过去时。句意:1861 年,林肯被选举为国家总统后,他们租了房子并且卖掉了大部分的
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家具。rent 和sold 为并列谓语,用and 连接,所以都用一般过去时。
3.(2021.6 全国甲卷 语法填空)
It 1 (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复).
【答案】was built ;
【解析】考查动词的时态/语态以及主谓一致。根据句子结构可知,空格填写谓语动词, 又因it 指代前面
The Xi'an City Wall,和build 是被动关系,且是在 the Tang dynasty 被建立,故用过去式的被动语态。本句
句意:它最初是在唐代为保护这座城市而建的,现在已经完全修复。故填was built。
4.(2021.6 全国甲卷 语法填空)
We 6 (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate.
【答案】hired
【解析】考查动词的时态。根据句子的结构可知空格应该填写谓语动词,根据后文My bike was old 可知,
应该为过去的时态,主语为we, 为主动语态,故填hired。
5.(2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空)
It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Pohomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown
Springfield, Illinois, 1 (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the publie.
【答案】has proved 或 has proven
【解析】考查现在完成时。结合句中since 一词,可以判断句子的谓语应该用现在完成时。句意:自从它
开放后,林肯的家已经证明是让游客们不可抵挡地想去参观的。
6.(2021.6 浙江卷 语法填空)
Mary's niece wrote, pretty, "The little home 5 (paint) white.
【答案】was painted
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意:这个小房子被粉刷成白色。房子被粉刷,所以用被动。动作
发生在过去,所以用一般过去时。
7.(2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空)
It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19
and 25 4 (consider) healthy.
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【答案】is considered
【解析】考查被动语态。句意:介于19-25 的BMI 数值被认为是健康的。分析句子结构a BMI of between
19 and 25 (consider) healthy.可知 Consider 做谓语,主语是单数,根据句意谓语动词应为被动且时态为一
般现在时,故答案为 is considered。
8.(2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空)
In cities, however, the gain 6 (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men.
【答案】was
【解析】考查系动词。句意:然而在城市里,女人增长数值是1.3,男人增长为1.6。分析句子结构可知主
the gain 是单数且该句陈述过去研究数据时态为一般过去时,故答案为was。
9.(2021.6 全国甲卷 改错)
One of the questions are: Who will you go in times of trouble?
【答案】are 改为is;
【解析】考查主谓一致。主语为one of the questions,表示问题中的一个,是单数意义,谓语动词应为单数,
故are 改为is。
10.(2021.6 全国乙卷 改错)
That's our view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!
把hopes 改为hope
考查省略句。分析题目可知,此处表示(I) hope this can inspire…,故hope 应用动词原形形式。故把hopes
改为hope。
11.(2021.6 全国乙卷 改错)
I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary.
【答案】把tidying 改为tidy
【解析】考查谓语动词。根据句中的and 可知,water 和tidy 应为并列动作,所以动词形式应该保持一致。
故把tidying 改为tidy。
12.(2021.3 天津卷 单选)
We quite enough work for the morning; now let's take a break.
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A. have done B. will do C. had done D. were doing
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态。句意:今天上午我们做的工作够多的了,现在让我们休息一下吧。根据后半句"now
let's take a break."可知,做很多工作这件事情是从过去某个时间开始一直到现在,应用现在完成时。故选
A。
13.(2021.3 天津卷 单选)
Currently, about 35, 000 works in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see
everything.
A. were displaying B. are displaying C. were being displayed D. are being
displayed
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:目前,大约有35000 件作品陈列在卢浮宫的300 多个展室里,要看完所
有的展品恐怕要花一辈子的时间。根据本空前的Currently 可知,应该用现在进行时。又因为display 与主
语works 之间为被动关系,所以用现在进行时的被动形式。故选:D。
2020 年高考真题
1.(2020·新课标I卷语法填空)The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient
Chinese moon goddess 61
.
(touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.
【答案】touched
【解析】考查时态。句意:无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周
在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语,根据时间状语last week 可知应使用一般过去时,故填
touched。
2.(2020·新课标I卷语法填空)"This really excites scientists," Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University,
says, "because it 67
.
(mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68
.
(construct) ."
67.【答案】means
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:“这真的使科学家们激动,”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters
说:“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可
知,此处也使用一般现在时,主语是it,所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means,故填means。
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68.【答案】is constructed
【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知,此处是宾语从句谓语动词,谓语
construct 与主语the moon 之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态,再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时,主
语the moon 是单数,故填is constructed。
3.(2020·新课标II卷短文改错)Actually, I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old,
I have
long been out of practice.
【答案】start→started
【解析】考查时态。句意:事实上,我七岁时就开始学功夫了。分析句子,此处动词start 讲述的是7 岁的
时候,动词应该用过去时。故将start 改为started。
4.(2020·新课标III卷语法填空)The artist was sure he would63
.
(choose), but when he presented his
masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed.
【答案】be chosen
【解析】考查动词语态。句意:画家确信他会被选中,但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时,这位老人
笑了。本句中主语he 与谓语动词choose 构成被动关系,且would 后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。
5.(2020·新课标III卷语法填空) 65
(
When/As
)
he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he
could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66
.
(point) down the river.
【答案】pointed
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:当他问河岸上的村民,他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时,他们笑着指
着河的下游。根据上文they smiled and 可知此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。
6.(2020·浙江卷语法填空)And,as more children were born,more food 59
.
(need).
【答案】was needed
【解析】考查时态语态。句意:随着越多的小孩出生,越多的食物被需要。分析句子,逻辑主语和need 之
间表示被动逻辑。同时此处描述的是过去的时间,所以时态应用过去时。故此处应用过去时的被动语态。
food 为不可数名词。故填was needed。
7.(2020·浙江卷语法填空)By about 6000 BC,people 61
.
(discover)the best crops to grow and animals to
raise.
【答案】had discovered
【解析】考查时态。句意:大约在公元前6000 年,人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。
分析句子,简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词,故此处需用动词的时态。逻辑主语和提示词之间表示主动
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逻辑。by + 过去时间 译为“到……为止”,后面的句子用过去完成时。故填had discovered.
8.(2020·浙江卷语法填空)New methods 65
.
(mean)that fewer people worked in farming.
【答案】meant
【解析】考查时态。句意:新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。分析句子,主句部分无其他动词,故此处需
填时态。文章的整体时态是过去时,根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去时。逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动
关系。所以此处填过去时的主动形式。故填meant。
9.(2020·山东卷语法填空)The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 38
.
(form) the
core collection of the British Museum 39
(
which/that
)
opened in 1759.
【答案】formed
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:例如,汉斯•斯隆爵士的8 万件藏品构成了1759 年开馆的大英博物馆的核心
藏品。此处是谓语动词,根据时间状语in1759 可知,应使用一般过去时。故填formed。
10.(2020·山东卷语法填空)The parts of a museum open to the public 40
.
(call) galleries or rooms.
【答案】are called
【解析】考查动词时态及语态。句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观使用,
应使用一般现在时;主语与call 是逻辑动宾关系,应使用被动语态,且主语是复数概念。故填are called。
11.(2020·天津卷单项填空)—You are a great swimmer.
—Thanks. It’s because I ______ a lot these days.
A.have been practising
B.was practising
C.would practise
D.had practised
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态。句意:——你游泳很棒。——谢谢。这是因为这些天我一直在练习。根据时间状语
these days(这些天)可知,“练习游泳”从数天前开始,一直持续到现在,因此该句应用现在完成进行时态。
故选A。
12.(2020·天津卷单项填空)The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______ around
that level since.
A.are remaining B.have remained
C.is remaining
D.has remained
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:20 世纪90 年代初,医学院的数量达到了18 所,此后一直保持在这个
水平。ever since“从那以后”作时间状语,句子用现在完成时态。主语为the number of medical schools,the
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number of 表示“……的数目”,中心词是number,所以是单数,作主语时,谓语动词应用第三人称单数
形式。综上,故选D。
13.(2020·江苏卷单项填空)If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that ______
everyone.
A. suit
B. suited
C. suits
D. has suited
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:如果你从各个方面看问题,你可能会找到一个适合每个人的解决方案。句
子描述的客观事实,应使用一般现在时;此处是定语从句谓语动词,先行词是a solution,从句谓语动词应
使用第三人称单数形式。故选C。
14.(2020·江苏卷单项填空)Instead of getting down to a new task as I _____, he examined the previous work
again.
A. had expected
B. have expected
C. would expect
D. expect
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:他没有像我所期望的那样着手做新工作,而是又检查了一遍以前的工作。此
处描述的动作发生在examined 之前,属于“过去的过去”,应使用过去完成时。故选A。
2019 年高考真题
1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】 22.The musician along with his band members ___________ ten performances in
the last three months.
A. gives
B. has given
C. have given
D. give
【答案】B
【解析】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意:在过去的三个月里,这名音乐家与他的乐队成员已经完成了
十场演出。由“in the last three months”可知,这句话的时态为现在完成时,故排除AD 选项。本句主语为
the musician,为第三人称单数形式,句中的“along with his band members”是附加成分,故谓语动词要用第
三人称单数形式。故选B。
2.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】29.A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith ___________ in love with
the people and culture there.
A. would fall
B. had fallen
C. has fallen
D. fell
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词的时态。句意:他到中国几个月后,就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。发生在had arrived 之
后的动作或状态应用一般过去时。故选D。
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3.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】33.They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals_________ by 2022 for the
Beijing Winer Olympics.
A. will install
B. will have been installed C. are installed
D. have been installed
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:他们正努力确保在2022 年北京冬奥会之前安装5G 终端。表示在将来某
一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作,用将来完成时。“5G 终端”和“安装”之间是被动关系,用被动
语态,故选B。
4.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】2.I __________ to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage,but I
couldn't manage it.
A. had hoped
B. am hoping
C. have hoped
D. would hope
【答案】A
【解析】考查过去完成时。句意:我本来计划在Peter 结婚时送他一个礼物的,可是我没有做到。第二个
分句中“couldn’t”用的是一般过去时,它之前的动作用过去完成时。故选A。
5.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】8.Amy, as well as her brothers, ____________ a warm welcome when returning to
the village last week.
A. is given
B. are given
C. was given
D. were given
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查时态、语和主谓一致态。句意:艾米和他的兄弟们当上周回到村里时,受到了热烈的欢
迎。根据last week 可知应用过去时,排除选项A 和B。as well as 连接并列主语,谓语动词就前原则。这句
话真正的主语是Amy,她受到热烈欢迎,所以用过去时的被动。故选C。
6.【2019·新课标I 卷·语法填空】 Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining,
six ___70___ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
【答案】are
【解析】时态和考查主谓一致。根据three are declining,此处数词six 作主语,代指前文中的“polar bear
subpopulations”,故用复数谓语,一般现在时,故填are。
7.【2019·新课标II 卷·语法填空】Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award,proud Irene ___64___(declare)
she had no plans __to retire__ (retire) from her 36-year-old business.
【答案】declared
【解析】考查谓语动词的时态。根据上下文可知,该句主语为Irene,此处为谓语成分,根据后文had 以及
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said 可知用一般过去时态,故填declared。
8.【2019·新课标II 卷·语法填空】I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my
family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years
【答案】have made
【解析】考查动词的时态。根据该定语从句中的时间状语“over the years”可知,此处用现在完成时态,句
意:我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。
9.【2019·新课标II 卷·短文改错】And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.
【答案】And the other
that I wanted to help people in need.
【解析】考查一般过去时。本篇文章使用的全是一般过去时,且与最后一句并列的“one was that…”用的也
是一般过去时,所以最后一句话时态应为一般过去时。讲述当时做决定时的原因。故将is 改为was。
10. 【2019· 新课标
III
卷· 语法填空】Our hosts shared many of their experiences
and___65___(recommend)wonderful places to eat,shop,and visit. For breakfast,we were able to eat papaya(木
瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
【答案】recommended。
【解析】考查一般过去时。句意:我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购
物和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系,时态一致。故填
recommended。
11.【2019·新课标III 卷·语法填空】On the last day of our week-long stay,we ___69___(invite)to attend a
private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars
【答案】were invited。
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知,句子时态为一般过去时。
根据句意:我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会,所以用被动语态。主语为we,故填were invited。
2018 年高考真题
1.【2018·北京】1. —Hi, I’m Peter. Are you new here? I haven’t seen you around?
—Hello, Peter. I’m Bob. I just _________ on Monday.
A. start
B. have started
C. started
D. had started
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态。句意:——嗨,我是彼得。你是新来的吗?我没有在附近见过你。——你好,彼得。
我是鲍勃。我周一刚刚开始住在这儿。根据两人谈话内容可知,Bob 现在在这儿,他开始(start)住在这儿是
is
was
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发生在周一的事情,周一是一个过去的时间,故该句应用一般过去时态,C 选项正确。
点睛:一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态或过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。一般过去
时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用,如:yesterday,last week,in the past,in 2017,once,a few days
ago 等。
2.【2018·北京】4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and _________ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I
visited her last year.
A. is working
B. was working
C. has worked
D. had worked
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态。句意:Susan 已经辞去了高薪的工作。去年当我探望她的时候,她正在一个社区里做
志愿者。Susan 辞职发生在她当志愿者之前,had quit 是过去完成时态,过去完成时态通俗的说就是“过去
的过去”,且结合时间状语when I visited her last year 可知,Susan 做志愿者是过去的某个时间段发生的情
况,故该空应用过去进行时态。B 选项正确。
点睛:过去进行时表示在过去某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作或状态。
3.【2018·北京】7. China’s high-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.
A. are growing
B. have grown
C. will grow
D. had grown
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态。句意:在过去的几年里,中国的高速铁路已经从9,000 公里增长到25,000 公里。该句
时间状语为in the past few years。中国高速铁路的增长是从过去一直到现在几年里的情况,故该句应用现在
完成时态。B 选项正确。
点睛:现在完成时可以表示过去的事情对现在的影响,也可以表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是
延续性的。常见的时间状语有:since + 时间点/从句,for two months,so far,recently,in the past/last few
days 等。
4.【2018·北京】9. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _________ in the mountains for two
days.
A. are trapping B. have been trapped C. were trapping D. had been trapped
【答案】D
【解析】考查语态和时态。句意:一个救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游者。“who
___ in the mountains for two days”是定语从句,修饰two tourists,two tourists 和trap 之间是被动关系,该空
应用被动语态。由risked 可知,营救人员救游客是过去的事情,被困两天发生在营救人员救了他们之前,
即“过去的过去”,该空应用过去完成时态。综上,D 选项正确。
点睛:过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作,即“过去的过去”,其表达形
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式为had done,被动语态的表达形式为had been done。
5.【2018·天津】13. My washing machine ___________this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
A. was repaired
B. is repaired
C. is being repaired
D. has been repaired
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态。句意:这周我的洗衣机正在修,所以我不得不手洗衣服。根据后句so I have to wash
my clothes by hand.可知,洗衣机正在修,故用现在进行时态的被动语态。故选C。
点睛:本题考查时态。分析选项可以知道,4 个选项都用了被动语态,本题考查的其实是不同的时态。选
项A 是过去时;选项B 是一般现在时的被动;选项C 是现在进行时;选项D 是现在完成时。再结合语境进
行分析,最终判断出最佳答案。
6.【2018·江苏】31. Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we _______ more
convenient electronic communication tools by then.
A. have developed
B. had developed
C. will have developed
D. developed
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态。句意:希望在2025 年,我们不再互相发电子邮件,因为到那时候我们将开发更方便的
电子通信工具。根据时间状语in 2025,可知用将来时;再根据时间状语by then 到那时,可知用完成时。
结合两者可知用将来完成时。故选C。
点睛:本题考查时态。句中包含的时间状语是解答此题的突破点。所以要做好此类题,一定要注意题中有
没有明确的时间点,或者其他可以代替时间点的词,所以根据时间状语可以看出正确答案。本题的关键在
于抓住题干中的两个时间状语in 2025 和by then,从而得出答案。学科&网
7.【2018·江苏】30. I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan _______ in the past two
years.
A. had been carried out
B. would be carried out
C. is being carried out
D. has been carried out
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态。句意:上个月我被派到村里去看看在过去的两年里发展计划是如何执行的。根据句中
时间状语last month 和in the past two years 可知用过去完成时。故选A。
点睛:本题考查时态。句中包含的时间状语是解答此题的突破点。所以要做好此类题,一定要注意题中有
没有明确的时间点,或者其他可以代替时间点的词,所以根据时间状语可以看出正确答案。本题的关键在
于抓住题干中的两个时间状语last month 和in the past two years,从而得出答案。
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8.【2018·新课标卷I·语法填空】While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it 64
(be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming.
【答案】is
【解析】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。医学报告显示:跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。这
里叙述的是一个事实,故用一般现在时,且主语是it,要用第三人称单数。故填is。
9.【2018·新课标卷I·短文改错】During my last winter holiday, I went to the countryside with my father to visit
my grandparents. I find a big change there.
【答案】find 改成found
【解析】考查动词时态。根据文章中的During my last winter holiday 可知,事件发生在过去,故用一个过
去时。故将find 改成found。
9.【2018·新课标卷II·语法填空】Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the
country ___61___(grow)more corn than rice.
【答案】has grown
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。since 加时间点,主句要用现在完成时,且主语为the country,所以应该应
该用单数形式。句意:2011 年以来,中国种植的玉米比水稻多。故填has grown。
10.【2018·新课标卷II·语法填空】The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the
government ___68___ (start) a soil-testing program that/which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to
farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
【答案】started
【解析】考查动词的时态。句意:在2005 年政府开始了一项土壤测试项目。本句是when 引导的定语从句,
由于时间是2005 年,故用过去时。故填started。
11.【2018·新课标卷II·语法填空】True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal ____69____(mean)me
no real harm.
【答案】meant
【解析】考查动词的时态。分析本句的句子成分可知,本句缺少谓语,再根据总体时态可知要用一般过去
时,所以用meant。
2017 年高考真题
1.【2017·天津卷】8. I ________down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.
A. was driving
B. have driven
C. would drive
D. drove
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我正开车去伦敦这时我突然发现走错路了。根据固定句型:was/ were doing sth. + when…
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(正在做某事,就在这时突然)可知选A。
考点:考查动词时态。
【名师点睛】这时考查与时态有关的固定句型。:was/ were doing sth + when (suddenlu) did ... 这时一个常
用固定句型,是学生必须掌握的重点句型之一,词句型还有另外两种结构:was / were about to do + when
did ; had done + when + did 。 在这三个句型中,when 引导的并列句,意为:就在这时(那时)突然……
2.【2017·江苏卷】27. He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he _______.
A. was being followed
B. was following
C. had been followed
D. followed
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:考查动词的时态和语态。he 和follow 是动宾关系,即他被别人跟踪,排除B/D;根据句意
“在
匆忙赶回家的路上,他从未回头看是否被跟踪”,用过去进行时最合适,故选A。句意:他匆匆忙忙往家
赶,就是不回头看一看是否有人跟踪自己。
考点:时态和语态
3. 【2017· 江苏卷】31.He’s been informed that he _______ for the scholarship because of his academic
background.
A. hasn’t qualified
B. hadn’t qualified
C. doesn’t qualify
D. wasn’t qualifying
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:他已经被告知由于教育背景的原因而没有资格获得奖学金。qualify for sth
达标,获得参赛资格;由于条件不满足而没有资格做某事,是客观事实,用一般现在时。故选
C。
考点:考查动词的时态
4.【2017·北京卷】33. People______ better access to health care than they used to, and they’re living longer as a
result.
A. will have
B. have
C. had
D. had had
【答案】B
试题分析:句意:人们有着比过去更好的医疗保险,结果他们更长寿。与过去对比是现在,所以than 前一
句话是用现在的时间,而且后一句用的就是现在时态,所以前面也用现在时态,故选B。
考点:考查时态。
5.【2017·北京卷】29. In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones
_______ yet.
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A. haven’t invented
B. haven’t been invented
C. hadn’t invented
D. hadn’t been invented
【答案】D
试题分析:句意:在美国20 世纪50 年代的时候,大多数的家庭家里只有一部电话,并且无线电话还根本
没有发明出来。根据句意可知用被动语态,排除AC,事情发生在过去,与现在无关,不用现在完成时,
排除B,故选D,过去完成时的被动语态。
考点:考查时态语态。
6.【2017·北京卷】24. —______ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday?
—Yes. They are happy with it.
A. Did you call
B. Have you called
C. Will you call
D. Were you calling
【答案】A
试题分析:句意:--你昨天有没有给那家公司打电话问问他们对我们的产品感觉怎么样?--打了,他们此刻
正用得很开心。空格所在题干有一个很明显的时间状语yesterday,发生在过去,肯定用过去式,故选A。
考点:考查时态。
7.【2017· 江苏】24.The publication of Great Expectations, which _______ both widely reviewed and highly
praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析:考查主谓一致。先行词是Great Expectations,“Great Expectations”是书名,看做单数,所以定
语
从句的谓语也要使用单数形式;根据“strengthened”可知,说的是过去,故选C。句意:《远大前程》的
出版
获得了广泛的认可和高度的赞扬,这坐实了狄更斯作为前沿小说家的地位。
考点:考查主谓一致
8.【2017·天津卷】6. Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _______ as one of the best all-round
forms of exercise.
A. regard
B. is regarded
C. are regarded
D. regards
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:句意:现在骑自行车、慢跑和游泳被认为是最全面的锻炼方式之一。根据动词短语regard...as…
(把……看做……)和句意确定应该用被动语态,排除A 和D;由介词短语along with 连接的三个名词作主语,
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谓语动词应该就前一致,即用单数,排除C。故选B。
考点:考查动词语态和主谓一致
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