夜雨聆风学习资料网 资料列表 开通 VIP 用登录 / 注册 ⌄
DOCX

专题05非谓语动词(解析版)--十年(2014-2023)高考真题英语分项汇编(全国通用)_初高中资料库_高中资料库(转存避免链接过期失效)_高中英语

查看资料信息、公开预览和下载状态。

共 37 页DOCX · 98.5KB
下载

文档在线预览

公开展示前 10 页
100%
1
《专题05非谓语动词(解析版)--十年(2014-2023)高考真题英语分项汇编(全国通用)_初高中资料库_高中资料库(转存避免链接过期失效)_高中英语》第1页预览
2
《专题05非谓语动词(解析版)--十年(2014-2023)高考真题英语分项汇编(全国通用)_初高中资料库_高中资料库(转存避免链接过期失效)_高中英语》第2页预览
3
《专题05非谓语动词(解析版)--十年(2014-2023)高考真题英语分项汇编(全国通用)_初高中资料库_高中资料库(转存避免链接过期失效)_高中英语》第3页预览
4
《专题05非谓语动词(解析版)--十年(2014-2023)高考真题英语分项汇编(全国通用)_初高中资料库_高中资料库(转存避免链接过期失效)_高中英语》第4页预览
5
《专题05非谓语动词(解析版)--十年(2014-2023)高考真题英语分项汇编(全国通用)_初高中资料库_高中资料库(转存避免链接过期失效)_高中英语》第5页预览
6
《专题05非谓语动词(解析版)--十年(2014-2023)高考真题英语分项汇编(全国通用)_初高中资料库_高中资料库(转存避免链接过期失效)_高中英语》第6页预览
7
《专题05非谓语动词(解析版)--十年(2014-2023)高考真题英语分项汇编(全国通用)_初高中资料库_高中资料库(转存避免链接过期失效)_高中英语》第7页预览
8
《专题05非谓语动词(解析版)--十年(2014-2023)高考真题英语分项汇编(全国通用)_初高中资料库_高中资料库(转存避免链接过期失效)_高中英语》第8页预览
9
《专题05非谓语动词(解析版)--十年(2014-2023)高考真题英语分项汇编(全国通用)_初高中资料库_高中资料库(转存避免链接过期失效)_高中英语》第9页预览
10
《专题05非谓语动词(解析版)--十年(2014-2023)高考真题英语分项汇编(全国通用)_初高中资料库_高中资料库(转存避免链接过期失效)_高中英语》第10页预览

本文档共 37 页 剩余 27 页未展示,请下载后查阅

下载

文档文本内容

专题05 非谓语动词
2023 年
1.【2023 年全国乙卷】Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, 
narrow hutong ____41____ royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its 
layout, with the city keeping its carefully ____42____ (build) system of ring roads.... ____46____ (visit) several 
times over the last 10 years, I ____47____ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city 
was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. ...As a photographer, I have spent 
the last two years ___48___  (record) everything I discovered.
【41 题详解】
考查介词。句意:从佛教寺庙到博物馆,从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿,它拥有3000 多年的辉煌历史,甚至从
它的布局来看,这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。根据上文的“From Buddhist temples to 
museums”可知,空处和上文保持一致,表示“从……到……”,用介词to。故填to。
【42 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:从佛教寺庙到博物馆,狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿,它是3000 多年辉煌历史的家园,
即使是在它的布局上,这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语,表示
“精心建造的……”,和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系,用过去分词。故填built。
【46 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:在过去的10 年里,我多次访问北京,我惊讶于这里的新旧共存,惊讶于一个城市
如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语,和主句主语“I”之间为主
动关系;根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知,用完成时态,由此推断,空处用现在分词的完成时
态。置于句首,首字母大写。故填Having visited。
【47 题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意:在过去的10 年里,我多次访问北京,我惊讶于这里的新旧共存,惊讶于一个城市
如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词,根据下文“how a city was able to 
keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知,本句用一般过去时;主语I 和动词amaze 之
间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。
【48 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:作为一名摄影师,我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.
花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语,用动名词形式。故填recording。
2.【2023 年全国乙卷】 She went right into the shower to washing it, but it was no use. 
9.考查非谓语动词。句意:她直接走进淋浴间去洗,但是没有用。此处不定式表目的,应用动词原形。故
washing 改为wash。
3.【2023 年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ___40___ (visit) Chinese 
zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. 
【40 题详解】
考查非谓语。句意:他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈,这些管理员经常来检查
从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知,空后是名词,且与visit 为逻辑上的主谓关系。故填visiting。
4.【2023 年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】
To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a 
spill (溢出), ____38____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 
【37 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁,还是把整个小笼包放
进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”,用不定式作宾语,空处与后面to put 并列
作宾语,故填to bite。
【38 题详解】
考查连词。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁,还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里,
让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”,固定搭配,根据句意,故填or。
5.【2023 年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Shanghai may be the ____39____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but 
food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. 
【39 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡,但美食历史学家会告诉你,邻近的运河小镇南翔
才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home 前面作定语,recognize 与home 是逻辑上动宾关系,需填过去分词
recognized 作定语,recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。
6.【2023 年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 
____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of ____42____ (they) 
contents.
【41 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:除了南翔,最好的小笼包有一个精致的,可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来,而不会
撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知,空格需用动词不定式作宾
语补足语,补足语lift out 与宾语them(指代小笼包)是逻辑上的动宾关系,空格需填动词不定式的被动式
to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
【42 题详解】
考查代词。句意:除了南翔,最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮,可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来,而不会撕
裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
7.【2023 年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____44____ (rare) enough, yet two 
seems greedy, so I am always left _____45_____ (want) more next time.
【44 题详解】
考查副词。句意:无论我在哪里买,一蒸笼都不够,而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了,所以我总是想下次再买。
修饰形容词用副词作状语,rarely“少有”,故填rarely。
【45 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:无论我在哪里买,一蒸笼都不够,而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了,所以我总是想下次
再买。分析句子可知,此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”,本句是被动语态,want 是主语补足语,根据句
意,I 与want 之间是主动的逻辑关系,用现在分词wanting。故填wanting。
8.【2023 年全国甲卷】For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ___41___ (teach) a lesson or to 
pass on wisdom
【41 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:几千年来,人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知,此处表达
“来传授知识和智慧”,所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。
9.【2023 年全国甲卷】“There was once a town in the heart of America, ___44___ all life seemed to enjoy 
peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___45___ (borrow) some familiar words from many 
age-old fables. 
【44 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:“从前,在美国的中心地带有一个小镇,那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起
享受着和平的生活,”她的寓言是这样开头的,借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为
town,在非限定性定语从句作地点状语,所以用关系副词where 引导。故填where。
【45 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:“从前,在美国的中心地带有一个小镇,那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一
起享受着和平的生活,”她的寓言是这样开头的,借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语
动词,所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable 与borrow 之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故
填borrowing。
10.【2023 年全国甲卷】Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ___46___ (intend) for everyone.
【46 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,在简洁的风格背后,是每个人都想要传达的严肃信息。be intended for 打
算为……所用,在句中作定语,所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。
11.【2023 年全国甲卷】“There was once a town in the heart of America, ___44___ all life seemed to enjoy 
peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___45___ (borrow) some familiar words from many 
age-old fables. 
【44 题详解】
考查定语从句。句意:“从前,在美国的中心地带有一个小镇,那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起
享受着和平的生活,”她的寓言是这样开头的,借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为
town,在非限定性定语从句作地点状语,所以用关系副词where 引导。故填where。
【45 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:“从前,在美国的中心地带有一个小镇,那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一
起享受着和平的生活,”她的寓言是这样开头的,借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语
动词,所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable 与borrow 之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故
填borrowing。
2022 年
1.【2022 新高考I 卷】__________ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the 
GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 
答案:Covering
解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。
设空处在句中作非谓语,cover 和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP 为逻辑的主动关系,应用现在分词的形式作状
语,首字母大写。故填Covering。
2.【2022 新高考I 卷】The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously 
unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___________ 
(increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 
答案:to increase
解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊
猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语,做目的状语,
应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。
3.【2022 全国甲卷】A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first 
step ___________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 
答案:to journey
解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:近日,一名来自北京的盲人徒步40 天来到西安,作为“一带一路”徒步旅
行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知,journey 为动词,表示“旅行”,step 前面有序数词,应用不定式,
作后置定语。故填to journey。
4.【2022 全国甲卷】Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ___________ (hold) in 
Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 
答案:held
解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发,曹决定徒步穿
越这条路线,以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知,本句已有谓语动词decided,所以hold 应用非谓语
动词形式,hold 与cooperation 之间为逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,作后置定语,表被动。故填held。
5.【2022 全国甲卷】He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, __________ (plan) to hike 
back to Xi’an in five months. 
答案:planning
解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:9 月20 日,他从4700 公里外的西安飞到了喀什,计划在五个月内徒步回
到西安。分析句子可知,已有谓语动词flew,所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式,plan 与主语He 之
间为逻辑主谓关系,应用现在分词,表主动。故填planning。
6.【2022 全国乙卷】__________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of 
public promotional activities on social media, __________ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the 
world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. 
答案:to strengthen; inviting
解析:考查非谓语动词。第一空:句意:为了加强与年轻人的联系,活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共
宣传活动,邀请了来自世界各地的29 名茶叶专业人士进行36 小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知,此处表
达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”,需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。第二空:句意:为了加
强与年轻人的联系,活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动,邀请了来自世界各地的29 名茶叶专业
人士进行36 小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词,逻辑主语the event 与invite 之间为主动关系,所以用
现在分词作状语。故填inviting。
7. 【2022 年浙江卷1 月】That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans 
____________(continue) the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change."
答案:astonished
解析:考查动词不定式。句意:他打算继续这个实践。动词plan 后面跟动词不定式,plan to do sth“计划
做”,故填to continue。
8.【2022 年新高考2 卷】Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child 
hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre 
fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___36___ (fall) child. 
答案:falling   
解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时,他跑了100 米,跳过了
1. 2 米高的栅栏,伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out 为谓语动词,设空处应该使用非谓语动词。
根据句意,fall 为动词,意为“掉落”, child 和fall 之间是主动关系,同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该
使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。
9.【2022 年新高考2 卷】Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair 
onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them. 
答案:to see 
解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:过了一会儿,艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音,醒了过来。他把一把
椅子推到阳台上,爬上去看他们。句中的climb up 为谓语动词,设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意,他
要爬到阳台去看他们(外面玩闹的孩子们。),故应该使用to do 不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
10. 【2022 年北京卷】As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an 
intention ____12____ (harm) her, Helen started to run. 
考查非谓语动词。句意:海伦担心他可能有意伤害她,便开始快跑。分析句子结构,可知空处应填非谓语
动词的形式,have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”,固定搭配,不定式作后置定语。故填to 
harm。
11. 【2022 年北京卷】Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly ____14____ 
(support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned.
14.【解析】
考查非谓语动词。句意:被专家越来越多地支持的一个理论表明气味的偏好是习得的。分析句子结构可知,
空格处的动词做非谓语,结合空格后的by experts 可判断出该处意为“被专家们支持”,所以空格处应用
过去分词表被动。故填supported。
12. 【2022 年天津卷第二次】________ his restless students occupied with an indoor sport on rainy days, James 
Naismith created basketball.
A. To be kept
B. Kept
C. To keep
D. Keeping
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了让精力充沛的学生能够在雨天待在室内活动,James Naismith 创造
了篮球。分析句子结构可知,此处应填非谓语动词形式,结合句意可知,此处意为“为了”表示目的,所
以该处为不定式作目的状语,且keep 与逻辑主语James Naismith 之间为主动关系。故选C 项。
13. 【2022 年天津卷第二次】The city temperatures have returned from record low to normal, ________ the 
citizens to enjoy the outdoors again.
A. allowing
B. being allowed
C. having allowed
D. having been allowed
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:这个城市的温度已经从历史最低温度回归正常,使得人们又重新开始享
受户外活动。分析句子可知,句子谓语动词是have returned,allow 用非谓语动词形式作状语,根据句意,
表示自然而然的结果,用现在分词作结果状语,故选A。
2021 年
1.【2021 新高考1 卷】Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the 
whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your           8             (ache) legs.
【答案】aching 
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,因为名词legs 与动词ache 为主动关系,所以此处应该填现
在分词作定语修饰 legs。故填aching。
2.【2021 全国甲卷】 It is possible           3             (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
【答案】 to walk
【解析】考查非谓语动词。本句是典型的It is adj. + to do 的形式,故填 to walk 。
3.【2021 全国甲卷】After           4             (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we 
decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
【答案】spending
【解析】考查非谓语动词。After 介词后加doing 形式,故填spending。
4.【2021 全国乙卷】Minimize the impact of           7             (visit) the place.
【答案】visiting 
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析题目,句子中已经有一个谓语动词,判断空格处填非谓语动词。空处作介
词of 的宾语,所以应使用动名词作介词宾语。句意:最小化参观一个地方的影响。故填visiting。
5.【2021 全国乙卷】
Activitithere range from whale watching to hiking 
 
(远足)and accommodations aim           10
             (have) a low 
impact on the natural environment.
【答案】to have
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析题目,句子中已经有一个谓语动词,判断此处填非谓语动词。aim to do 
sth,意为 "目的在于做某事" ,因此应填不定式形式。句意:……并且食宿是为了对自然环境有小的影响。
故填to have。
6.【2021.6 浙江卷】Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over           8             (plant) flowers in the front 
yard.
【答案】 to plant
【解析】考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意:玛丽的妹妹经常来拜访,在前院里种些花。
7.【2021.1 浙江卷】In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries           7             (study) 
had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas.
【答案】studied
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:1985 年,这个国家3/4 的城市里的被调查男女的BMI 值比偏远山区的男
女数值高。分析句子结构可知study 做urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 的定
语,动词分词做定语与逻辑主语是被动关系,故答案为 studied。
8.【2021.1 浙江卷】
This may be due to some disadvantages for people     9       (live) in the countryside, including lower levels of income 
and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
【答案】 living
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:这可能是因为住在乡村的人们的条件不好。分析句子结构可知 live in 
the countryside 是people 的后置定语,动词分词作定语且live 与逻辑主语people 是主动关系, 故答案为
living。
4.【2021 年天津卷第一次】While rock-climbing, you need to remain very ________ so that you won't make 
any dangerous errors.
A.satisfied
B.focused
C.amused
D.delighted
【答案】B
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在攀岩的时候,你需要保持非常专注,这样你就不会犯任何危险的
错误。A. satisfied 满意的;B. focused 专注的;C. amused 被逗乐的;D. delighted 高兴的。根据后文“so that 
you won't make any dangerous errors”可知要想不犯任何危险的错误,攀岩的时候需要保持专注,focused 符
合语境。故选B。
9.【2021 年天津卷第一次】China's National Highway 318, ________ over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai to 
Zhangmu, Tibet, is known as the "heavenly road“ for its amazing views.
A.to extend
B.extended
C.extending
D.being extended
【答案】C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的国道318 号,从上海到西藏樟木,延伸出5000 多公里,因为它的
令人赞叹的景观,被熟知为“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知,is known as 是整个句子的谓语动词,所以
空格处应填非谓语动词,extend 与主语China's National Highway 318 之间的关系为主动,所以用
extending。故选C。
2020 年
1.【2020 年新课标Ⅰ】 Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66.  (find) and 
study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. "
66. 考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此
处表示目的,应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。
2.【2020 年新课标Ⅰ】 I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook. My mom 
told me how to preparing it. 
2.考查非谓语动词。句意:我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词fry 与tomatoes 之间是动宾关系,所以此处应用过
去分词作定语,故将frying 改为fried。
3.考查情态动词用法。句意:并且我认为它一定很简单。must 是情态动词,后接动词原形,to 多余,故将
to 去掉。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意:我妈妈告诉我如何准备这道菜。分析句子可知,“how+不定式”作told 的宾语,
to 是不定式符号,后应接动词原形,故将preparing 改为prepare。
3.【2020 年新课标Ⅱ】They represent the earth  63.   (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
...
 They make great gifs and you see them many times 65.  (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of 
good fortune.
...
They are easy 68.  (care) for and make great presents.
63. 考查非谓语动词。句意:它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent,
所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth 与come back to 之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填
coming。
65. 考查非谓语动词。句意:它们是很好的礼物,你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them
68. 考查非谓语动词。句意:它们很容易照顾,也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。
故填to care。
4.【2020 年新课标Ⅲ】 The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67.  (find) the well-known painter. ...
And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds69.  (surround) the mountain tops, he was 
reduced to tears. 
67. 考查非谓语动词。句意:第二天早上,他租了一条船,出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出
发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth.,后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。
69. 考查非谓语动词。句意:当他看到雾气从河上升起,山顶上乌云环绕,他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子
结构可知,the soft clouds  69   (surround) the mountain tops 是独立主格结构做状语,surround 在句中应用
非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语clouds 构成主动关系,故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。
5.【2020 年新课标Ⅲ】My mom is really concerning with the health of everyone in our families. ...
 I tell my mom that if we’re forced eat things, we may become ill.
第一处:考查固定短语。句意:我的妈妈真的关心我们家庭里每个人的健康。be concerned with 关心,该
短语是固定短语,所以concerning 改成concerned。
第二处:考查名词单复数。句意同上。family 当“家庭”讲时,是集合名词,这里表示“我们一个家庭”,
所以用单数,families 改成family。
第八处:考查固定句型。句意:我告诉我妈妈,如果我们被迫吃东西,我们可能会生病。be forced to do 
sth.被迫做某事,所以forced 后面加to。
6.【2020 年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷(山东卷)】Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As 
well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 42.  (they) living at a 
different time in history or 43. (walk)through a rainforest. 
42. 考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品,游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏,想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时
期,或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors,意为“他们自己”,应使用反身代词。故填themselves。
43. 考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品,游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏,想象自己生活在一个不同的历史
时期,或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living 是并列成分,共同做imagine 的宾补,imagine sb doing sth. 
“想象某人做某事”。故填walking。
7.【2020 年浙江卷1 月】The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950___56___(be)30-today it is 41 and is 
expected___57___(increase)to 42 by 2050....The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are 
large___60___(compare)to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes___61___(old)than 
before. 
【56 题详解】
考查动词时态。句意:1950 年美国人的中年年龄是30 岁,今天是41 岁,预计到2050 年将增加到42 岁。
结合上文in 1950 可知应用一般过去时,且主语为The median age of an American,故谓语动词应用第三人称
单数。故填was。
【57 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。根据短语be expected to do sth.“被期望做某事”后跟不定式,故填to 
increase。
【60 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:首先是出生率的下降,这意味着老一代比年轻一代人口多,因此,平均而言,人
口比以前老龄化。短语be compared to“与……相比;与某事相提并论”,故填compared。
【61 题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意同上。根据下文than before 可知应用形容词比较级,故填older。
8.【2020 年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷(海南卷)】These days, it is not unusual for 10-to 12-year-olds to publish their own 
websites or for second and third graders____36____(begin)computer classes. 
【36 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:如今,10 到12 岁的孩子发布自己的网站,二年级和三年级学生开始上计算机课,
这些都很常见。本题考查“It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.”结构,该结构it 作形式主语,真正的主语为不定式。
故填to begin。
9.【2020 年北京卷】Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food___1___(play) a big role in his 
life. "My mum was a great cook, and she'd sometimes let me have a try," he said. The first dish Oliver prepared for 
his family was fried chicken wings. He made it with his mum's help. Oliver says if you're___2___(luck) enough to 
have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them___3___you can join in when it's possible.
【答案】1. plays/has played/is playing/has been playing    2. lucky    3. if/whether
【解析】本文是记叙文,主要介绍了美食节目主持人奥利弗。
【1 题详解】
考查时态。句意:他说食物在他的生命中扮演着重要角色。此处表示现在的状态,也可以表示从过去一直
到现在延续的状态,所以可以用现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时和现在完成进行时。故填plays/has 
played/is playing/has been playing。
【2 题详解】
考查形容词。句意:奥利弗说,如果你足够幸运,身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人。空前有be 动词,所以空处填
形容词做表语。故填lucky。
【3 题详解】
考查连词。句意:问他们你是否有可能加入他们。____ you can join in when it's possible.是宾语从句,从句
成分完整,但缺“是否”的意思,故填if/whether。
10.【2020 年北京卷】 It takes them hundreds of years___5___(break) down. 
【5 题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意:它们用几百年的时间才分解。固定句型It takes sb./sth. +一段时间+ to do sth.(花
某人/物多长时间干某事),此处用动词不定式(to do )作真正主语,It 形式主语。故填to break。
11.【2020 年北京卷】A piece of stone___8___(find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, 
known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. 
【8 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明,我们已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我们
之前认为的更聪明。句子的谓语为suggests,设空处在句中作非谓语和逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系。
故答案为found。
12.【2020 年浙江卷7 月】 Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology 
___60___(change)lives.
 Later,they learned to work with the ___62___ (season),planting at the right time and,in dry areas, 
___63___ (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
【60 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子,简单句中已有动词
gave 故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意,此处需用不定式表示目的。故填to change。
【62 题详解】
考查名词复数。句意:后来,他们学会了因地制宜,在适当的时间播种,在干旱地区,利用每年的洪水来
灌溉农田。分析句子,提示词的词性为为可数名词,应用复数形式。故填seasons。
【63 题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意:后来,他们学会了因地制宜,在适当的时间播种,在干旱地区,利用每年的洪水
来灌溉农田。分析句子,make 所处的分句中无主语,故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of 和逻辑主语they
之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式(doing)形式做状语。故填making。
13. 【2020 年天津卷第一次】___________in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, 
inspired the imagination of the world.
A. Having completed
B. Being completed
C. Completed
D. Completing
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:1931 年完工的帝国大厦是1954 年之前最高的摩天大楼,它激发了全世
界的想象力。句中谓语动词是inspired,此处用非谓语动词。主语the Empire State Building 和动词complete
是被动关系,用过去分词作状语。A 项是现在分词的完成式,不表被动。B 项是doing 的被动式。故选C。
14. 【2020 年天津卷第一次】The local government doesn't have to sacrifice environmental protection 
____________ economic growth.
A. to be promoted
B. being promoted
C. promoting
D. to promote
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:地方政府不必为了促进经济增长而牺牲环境保护。通过分析句子成分并
翻译语境可知,句中存在谓语doesn't have to sacrifice,空中需使用非谓语动词且表示目的性关系,因此使
用动词不定式形式。故选D 项。
15.【2020 年江苏卷】 Technological innovations, ____ good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.
A. combined with
B. combining with
C. having combined withD. to be combined with
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合,将促进这些产品的销售。此处是短语:
be combined with“与……结合/联合”,本句中省略be 动词,使用过去分词做状语。故选A。
16. 【2020 年江苏卷】The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, ______ a new generation of virtual reality.
A. allowing for
B. accounting for
C. calling for
D. compensating for
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:6G 的速度将超过125 GB/s,使得新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。A. 
allowing for 使……成为可能,促进……的发生;B. accounting for 解释;C. calling for 需要,要求;呼吁;
D. compensating for 补偿。根据空前The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s 可知,125 GB/s 的6G 速度将使得
新一代的虚拟现实成为可能。故选A。
2019
1.【2019 年全国卷 Ⅰ】Modem methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only 
since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___ (perform) consistently over a large area. ...
 Scientists have responded by  ___67___ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around 
human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___ (high) than they actually are. 
 63. of/for【解析】考查介词用法。此处tracking polar bear populations 作Modern methods 的定语,用of 连
接,“methods of doing sth.”,意为“…的方法”,构成固定结构。或者意为“对于跟踪北极熊的方法”用
for。故填of/for。
 64. to perform【解析】考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后,常用不定式作原因或目的状语,句意:跟踪北
极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用,并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的,故此处
用to perform。
 67. noting【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by 可知,此处用动名词主动形式,故填noting。
 68. higher【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据其后than they actually are 可知,此处为形容词的比较级,故
填higher。
2.【2019 年全国卷 Ⅰ】 To everyone`s surprising, the ball went into the net. All the football player on the 
playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. From now on, I started to play my football with 
classmates after school. I am a good player now.
第六处:【解析】考查固定搭配。“to one’s + 名词”在句中表示结果,“to one’s  surprise”意思为“使某
人惊讶的是…”。故将surprising 改为surprise。
第七处:【解析】考查名词的数。“player(运动员)”为可数名词,所以all(所有的)后需要用player
的复数形式。故将player 改为players。
第八处:【解析】考查现在分词。本句句意:操场上所有的足球运动员大声欢呼,说我有足球天赋。句中
谓语动词为cheered,say 在这里作伴随状语。与主语players 是主动关系,故将say 改为saying。
3.【2019 年全国卷Ⅱ】A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for ___61___ (be)Britain's oldest 
full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. ...
 When we got a call ___68___ (say)she was short-listed,we thought it was ___69___ joke. 
61.【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for 可知,此处用动名词形式作宾语,故填being。
62.【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知,先行词为the pet shop,在非限制性定语从句中作
opened 一词的宾语,故用which。
68.【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知,此处用现在分词形式saying 作后置定语,解
释名词call 的内容,call 与say 是主动关系,故填saying。
4.【2019 年全国卷Ⅱ】 One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better 
after seeing a doctor. 
第八处:【解析】考查形容词用法。“amaze(使惊奇;使惊愕)”形容词形式有amazed(大为惊奇)与
amazing(令人大为惊奇的)。本句话中主语为I,句意:病人看完医生就会感觉好很多,对此我感
到惊奇,而不是我令别人惊奇。故将amazing 改为amazed。
第九处:【解析】考查形容词比较级。句中better 为well(健康;身体好)的比较级形式,多音节的形容
词或副词构成比较级用more 加形容词或副词,即more 不能与berrer 连用。故将more 去掉。
5.【2019 年全国卷III】 On our way to the house,it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn't help 
wondering how long it would take ___62___ (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
 On the last day of our week-long stay,we ___69___(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the 
North Shore under the stars,___70___ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
61.so【解析】考查副词。句意:在我们去那座房子的路上,雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才
能到达那里。“so…that…”意为“如此…以至于…”,引导结果状语从句。故填so。
62.to get【解析】考查不定式。句中的would 提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子,wondering 后的句子不缺
谓语,此处应填非谓语动词,故填to get。
69.were invited【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知,句子
时态为一般过去时。根据句意:我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会,所以用被动语态。主语为we,故填
were invited。
70.listening【解析】考查分词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”,所以70 题空格处动词listen 应用非谓语动
词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we 发出的,所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and 前后连接两个并列的结构这
一规律解题,and 后meeting interesting locals 为分词形式,故空格处填listening。
6.【2019 年全国卷III】I've had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe....
If I succeed in manage one, I will open more.
第一处:【解析】考查不定式的用法。不定式做表语,to 后用动词原形。故把 opens 改为 open。
第八处:【解析】考查动词的固定搭配。succeed in doing something“成功的做了某事”。故把manage 改为
managing。
7.【2019 年北京卷】Nervously ___2___   (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to ___3___(I) the two 
simple words “Be yourself”.
答案】   2. facing    3. myself
2.考查非谓语动词。句意:紧张地面对挑战,我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。分析
句式可知,此处是做句子的状语,要用非谓语动词,其逻辑主语是I,与逻辑主语之间是主动关系,用现
在分词作状语。故填facing。
3.考查代词。句意:紧张地面对挑战,我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。本句的主语
是I,当宾语与主语是同一人称时,宾语要用反身代词。故填myself。
8.【2019 年北京卷】Earth Day,___4___(mark)on 22 April,is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness 
about environmental protection. 
【答案】4. marked    
4.考查非谓语动词。句意:地球日于4 月22 日举行,是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度活动。分析句式
可知,设空处是要做名词Earth Day 的后置定语,且与其之间是被动关系,要用过去分词。故填marked。
9.【2019 年浙江卷6 月】 When the children are walking or ___59___ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car 
drivers can ___60___ (easy) see them....
 But some students didn't want ___63___ (wear) the uniform. 
59. cycling【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时,汽车司机很容易
看到它们。or 连接两个并列成分,根据or 前的walking 可知,此处要用cycling。故填cycling。
60. easily【解析】考查副词。分析句式可知,设空处所给词是修饰动词see,修饰动词要用副词,因此,用
easy 的副词形式。故填easily。
63. to wear【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:但是,有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth 想要做某事,
这是want 的固定用法。故填to wear。
10.【2018 年浙江卷11 月】
 Larger amounts of caffeine can cause a problem _____62_____(call) caffeinism. You get very nervous and 
you can’t sleep.
...
 One study showed that _____64_____(woman) who drank a lot of coffee, like eight or more cups per day, 
while they were pregnant were more likely ________65________(have) children with birth defects.
62.考查过去分词。句中problem 和动词call 是被动关系,指这种问题被叫做caffeinism。此处用过去分词
表被动,作problem 的定语,故填called。
64.考查名词。此处表示泛指喝大量咖啡的妇女,指某一类人用名词复数。故填women。
65.考查动词不定式。此处指每天喝大量咖啡的妇女,怀孕时孩子很可能会先天畸形。表示“可能做某
事”是be likely to do sth.,用动词不定式,故填to have。
11.【2019 年江苏卷】___________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart 
phones.
A. To enjoy
B. Enjoying
C. To have enjoyed
D. Enjoy
30.A【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作目的状语。句意:为了享受数字支付的方便,很多老年市
民开始使用智能手机。故选A。
12.【2019 年江苏卷】China's image is improving steadily, with more countries__________ its role in 
international affairs.
A. recognizing
B. being recognized
C. to be recognized
D. recognized
32.A【解析】考查with 复合结构。句意:中国的形象正在稳步提升,更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中
的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系,用with + 名词 + 现在分词结构,故选A。
13.【2019 年天津卷】____________ to think critically is an important skill today's children will need for the 
future.
A. Learn
B. Learned
C. Learning
D. Having learned
【答案】C
【解析】考查动名词。句意:学会批判性思维是当代小孩未来所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主语成分,而
过去分词、动词都不可以做主语。此处用动名词做主语,故选C。
10.【2019 年天津卷】Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially ___________ to help them 
succeed academically and personally.
A. designed
B. designing
C. to design
D. being designed
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。 a course 和 design 之间是动宾关系,所以用过去分词。故选A。 句意:
现在大多数大学都为一年级学生开设了一门课程,专门帮助他们在学业和个人方面取得成功。
2018
1.【2018 年全国Ⅰ卷】 You don’t have to run fast or for long   62   (see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, 
be overweight and still reduce your risk of   63   (die) early by running. 
62. to see  考查不定式作目的状语。你不必跑地太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处。此处不定式作目
的状语,故填to see。
63.dying  考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重,但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处of 是介
词,其后用动名词。故填dying。
2.【2018 年全国Ⅰ卷】 My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. 
7.sell 改成selling  考查动名词。去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了一大笔钱。此处介词by 后用动名词,故用
selling。
3.【2018 年全国Ⅱ卷】Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead 
of rice ___64___ (improve) water quality....
 China's approach to protecting its environment while ___70___ (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for 
agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
64. 考查非谓语动词。句意:为了改善水质政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。没有连词可以且谓语
动词是encourages,故improve 应该用非谓语动词。此处表示目的,故用不定式。故填to improve。
70. 考查非谓语动词。句意:中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业
和粮食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动作,while 后面省略掉了China is,省略
句的原则:在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、,让步状语从句中,如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含
有be 动词时,那么可以把主语和be 动词一块省略。故填feeding。
4.【2018 年全国Ⅱ卷】 As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching 
them, my parents would not to let me.
第三处:考查冠词。这里表示“作为一个孩子”,a 用在表示泛指的单数名词前,the 表示特指。故把the
改为a。
第四处:考查动词不定式。句意:无论我要求多少次要去看(卡通片)。用不定式表示目的。故把
watching 改为watch。
第五处:考查情态动词。would 后跟动词原形,故把to 删除。
5.【2018 年全国Ⅲ卷】I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ____64____(look) directly into his eyes 
so he doesn't feel____65____(challenge).
...
Once his message was delivered, he allowed me ____70____ (stay)and watch.
64. 考查动词。动词avoid 后要加doing。此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用looking。
70. 考查非谓语动词。固定短语allow sb to do 允许某人做某事,应该用to stay。
6.【2018 年全国Ⅲ卷】It was Monday morning, and the writing class had just begin. Everyone was silent, wait to 
see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud. Some of us were confident and eager take part 
in the class activity, others were nervous and anxious. 
第一处:考查时态构成。根据语境可知,句子用过去完成时,过去完成时的构成是had done,所以
begin 要改为begun。
第二处:考查非谓语动词。根据句子成分分析,本句有谓语为was,而且没有连词,与主语是主动关系,
所以wait 要用非谓语waiting,表伴随。
第三处:考查连词。句意:每个人都沉默了,等着看谁会被要求朗读他或她的段落。一次只能叫一个
人,男女两者是选择关系,故把and 改为or。
第四处:考查固定搭配。be eager to do sth 渴望做某事,故eager 后加to。
7.【2018 年浙江卷6 月】I still remember   59   (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I   60  
(shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
  59.visiting  【解析】考查动词形式。此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友,表示记得做
过某事用remember doing sth., 故填visiting。
60. was shocked. 【解析】考查形容词。此处表示我感到很震惊。shock 的主语是I,用形容词和系动词组成
系表结构,表示过去发生的事,系动词用过去式。故填was shocked。
8.【2018 年北京卷】  _________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience
A.  Travel    B.  Traveling    C.  Having traveled    D.  Traveled
【答案】B
【解析】考查动名词。句意:沿着丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。“____ along the old Silk 
Road”做主语,要用动名词,故B 选项正确。
点睛:动名词是动词-ing 形式的一种,兼有动词和名词特征。在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
9. 【2018 年北京卷】 During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ a 
meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes. 
A.  share    B.  to share    C.  having shared    D.  shared
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:在中秋节期间,家人们通常会聚在一起吃饭,赏月,品尝月饼。gather
是谓语动词,“_________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes”是状语,家人聚在一起的目的是吃
饭,赏月,品尝月饼,表目的用动词不定式,故B 选项正确。
点睛:动词不定式可以做主语,状语,定语,宾语,表语等。动词不定式做目的状语时,可以置于主句之
前也可以置于主句之后,通常译为“为了”。
10.【2018 年北京卷】  In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get 
you the help you need. 
A.  press    B.  to press    C.  pressing    D.  pressed
【答案】A
【解析】考查祈使句。句意:在任何不安全的情况下,仅仅摁一下这个按钮,一个训练有素的特工就会使
你得到你需要的帮助。and 是连词,连接并列结构,and 后面是一个句子,那么,前面也应是句子,选项中
只有动词原形可以构成祈使句,其余的都是非谓语动词,无法构成句子。故A 选项正确。
点睛:祈使句+and/or+陈述句是一种常见结构。当前后两部分间为承接关系时,用and;前后意思为相反关
系时,用or。该句式中的陈述句部分常用一般将来时态。
11. 【2018 年北京卷】 Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. 
A.  used    B.  to use    C.  using    D.  use
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:如果正确使用的话,普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。Ordinary soap can 
deal with bacterial effectively 是主句,_________ correctly 是非限制性定语,修饰ordinary soap,ordinary 
soap 和use 之间是被动关系,故要用过去分词,A 选项正确。
点睛:过去分词可以做定语,和所修饰的名词之间是被动关系。过去分词可以做状语,和主句主语之间是
被动关系。总之,过去分词所表示的一个含义就是“被动”。
12. 【2018 年天津卷】I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs___________.
A. taking    B. taken
C. being taken    D. take
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我需要一个新护照,所以我将不得不拍照片。本题考查非谓语动词作宾
语补足语,宾语my photograph 与补足语之间为被动关系,故用过去分词作宾语补足语。C 项表示正在进行。
故选B。
点睛:本题考查的非谓语动词为高中重点语法之一。在分析题目的时候,首先要抓住非谓语动词在句中所
作的成分,找出该非谓语动词所对应的逻辑主语,再分析二者之间的关系,最后根据句意选择正确的答案。
2017
1.【2017 年新课标Ⅰ卷】 Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required    63    (process) 
the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions....
Fast food ___67___ (be) full of fat and salt; by    68    (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat 
than they need in their diet.
63. to process 考查不定式。句意:他们被要求加工食物。require 表示"要求",require sb. to do sth.表示
"要求某人做某事",被动形式为"sb. be required to do sth."(某人被要求做某事)。故填to process。
67. is  考查主谓一致。句意:快餐食物中满是脂肪和盐。fast food 的意思是"快餐",表示一类食物,为
不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
68. eating 考查动名词。句意:通过吃更多的快餐,人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐。根据前
文
2.【2017 年新课标Ⅰ卷】The instructor kept repeating the word, "Speed up!" "Slow down!" "Turning 
left!"   
第五处:word 改为words 考查单复数。句意:教练一直喊"加速!""减速!""左转!"。word"单
词,消息",words 可以表示为word 的复数,也表示某人说的话,这里指教练说的那些话,故将
word 改为words。
第六处:Turning 改为Turn 考查非谓语动词。分析语境可知教练的话"加速","减速","左转"都是
祈使句,根据前文"Speed up!" "Slow down!"也可以看得出来。祈使句应该用动词原形,故将
Turning 改为Turn。
3.【2017 年新课标Ⅱ卷】 This included digging up the road,  63
   
  (lay) the track and then building a strong 
roof over  
  64
   
  top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.
63. laying【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,该句的主语为This,谓语动词included 后由and 连接
了三个动名词短语作宾语。故填laying。该句中的 lay 不是与前面的谓语动词included 并列,而是与
digging up 和building 并列。句式结构的分析是解答该题的关键。
64. the【解析】考查定冠词。此处指的是在顶端建造一个结实的顶,所以在 top 前加the。
4.【2017 年新课标Ⅲ卷】 But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term   61
 
    
(rest). ...   But Sarah,   64   has taken part in shows along with top models, wants   65   (prove) that she has 
brains as well as beauty. 
61. resting 考查非谓语动词。固定短语:spend time doing sth. 花费时间做某事。
64. who 考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语,且先行词为Sarah,指人,要用who。
5.【2017 年新课标Ⅲ卷】About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and 
become a new member of the school music club. 
第四处:took→taken 考查动词。根据句意可知此处表示被动含义,故把took 改为taken。
第五处:become→became 考查动词时态。根据and 前面的动词entered 判断该句应该用一般过去时。
6.【2017 年浙江卷】Sixteen years  
  60
   
  (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring  
  61
   
  (cook) a meal.
...
Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got  
  63
   
  (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and 
was spread over the garden,  
  64
   
  it remained until the carrot’s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it. 
61. to cook 【解析】考查动词不定式。一个句子不能出现双重谓语,所以此处要用不定式作目的状语。故
填to cook。
63. swept 【解析】考查动词。ring 与sweep 之间是被动关系,要用被动语态。故填swept。
64. where 【解析】考查连接词。分析句子结构可知,所填词引导定语从句,定语从句中缺少地点状语,
先行词为the garden,表示地点,故填关系副词where。
7.【2017 年北京卷】Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ___________ their 
valuable time. 
A. save   
B. saving 
C. to save   
D. saved
【答案】C
【解析】句意:为了节省乘客的时间,许多航空公司现在允许他们网上打印登机牌。此处是动词不定式表
目的,故选C。
考点:考查非谓语动词。
8. 【2017 年北京卷】The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ___________ from butterflies to 
elephants. 
A. ranging    
B. range    
C. to range  
D. ranged 
【答案】A
【解析】句意:国家公园有许多的野生动物,包括从蝴蝶到大象等等。此处野生动物和range 之间是主动
关系,用现在分词,故选A。
考点:考查非谓语动词。
9.【2017 年北京卷】 Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time ___________ with his students.
A. to spend     
B. spend       
C. spending    
D. spent 
【答案】D
【解析】句意:Jim 已经退休了,但是他依然记得和学生一起度过的快乐时光。句子已经有了谓语,空格
只能填非谓语动词,逻辑主语是time,和spend 之间是被动关系,故用过去分词spent。
10. 【2017 年江苏卷】Many Chinese brands, ____________ their reputations over centuries, are facing new 
challenges from the modern market.
A. having developed     
B. being developed     
C. developed     
D. developing
【答案】21. A 
【解析】考查非谓语动词。brands 是逻辑主语,和develop 是主谓关系,所以用现在分词,表示伴随状况;
再根据"over centuries"可知,应该使用现在分词的完成式,故选A。
考点:考查非谓语动词
11. 【2017 年天津卷】I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ___________.
A. catching    
B. caught     
C. to catch   
D. to be caught
【答案】C
【解析】句意:在整个会议期间我一直在看钟表,因为我要去赶火车。根据上文判断出as 引导原因状语从
句,Sb. have sth. to do 某人有某事要做(在本句中to do 由主语完成),根据句意判断选C。
考点:考查非谓语。
12. 【2017 年天津卷】 It was when I got back to my apartment ___________ I first came across my new 
neighbors.
A. who    
B. where   
C. which    
D. that
【答案】D
【解析】句意:当我回到我的公寓的时候,我第一次遇见了我的新邻居。本句中去掉It was 和空格,句意
完整,所以本句是强调句型,强调的是时间状语,应用that。故选D。
考点:考查强调句型。
13. 【2017 年天津卷】The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ___________ more patients to 
be treated.
  A. being allowed    
B. allowing    
C. having allowed    
D. allowed
【答案】B
【解析】句意:近期这个医院得到了新的医疗设备,更多的病人能够得到治疗。前句这个医院得到了新的
医疗设备和后面更多的病人能够得到治疗之间是必然的因果关系,用现在分词作结果状语,表示顺理成章
的结果。equipment 与allow 之间为主动关系,故用现在分词的一般式。A. being allowed 表示被动且正在进
行;C. having allowed 强调先于谓语动作发生;D. allowed 表示被动且完成。故选B。
2016
1.【2016 年新课标Ⅰ卷】 But my connection with pandas goes back     64     my days on a TV show in the 
mid-1980s,     65     I was the first Western TV reporter     66     (permit) to film a special unit caring for 
pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include     67    (introduce) British 
visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia. 
64. to  考查介词。go back to "回到"。
65. when 考查定语从句。后面是非限制性定语从句,缺少状语,先行词是时间故填when。
66. permitted 考查过去分词。被修饰名词和permit 之间是被动关系,用过去分词。
67. introducing 考查现在分词。介词后面用动名词。
2.【2016 年新课标Ⅰ卷】 Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking.
75. or→ and  从句意判断是并列关系,把or 改为and。
76. using →used  此处表示被动含义,be used for"被用来去做"。
3.【2016 年新课标Ⅱ卷】If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you’ll be less likely  
  49
   
(bring) your work home. 
49. to bring
考查非谓语动词。固定短语be likely to do sth.意为"可能做某事",故填to bring。
4.【2016 年新课标Ⅱ卷】The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during 
the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. 
第一处:how→what 考查特殊结构。“特殊疑问词+to do”在本句中作短语talk about 的宾语,其中what 作
动词do 的逻辑宾语。句意:同学们和我在谈论暑假期间做什么。
第二处:chose→choose 考查句中结构。情态动词后接动词原形故要把chose 改为choose。
第三处:take→taking 考查并列结构。本句中动名词短语staying at home 与taking a trip 构成并列关系,故
要把take 改为taking。
5.【2016 年新课标Ⅲ卷】Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal    63    (create) special 
designs....
The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, 
__64__ (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it. 
63.to create  
【解析】考查非谓语动词。技术娴熟的工人会把各种各样的硬质木材和金属结合起来,以制造出花样特殊
的筷子。这里用不定式表目的,故填to create。
64.using  
【解析】考查非谓语动词。人们可能使用大锅煮食物,用树枝搅拌食物,use 的逻辑主语是People,两者
之间是主动关系,用现在分词表示伴随状况,故填using。
6.【2016 年新课标Ⅲ卷】I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. 
第八处:wear 改为wearing。考查动名词作宾语。介词后面应用动名词形式作宾语。
7.【2016 年四川卷】She was a very  
  63
   
   (care) mother. For 25 days, she never left her baby, not even to find 
something  
  64
   
   (eat)! She would not let any other pandas come near. 
63.caring/careful  此处是现在分词或形容词作定语,放在名词前面,故填caring/careful。
64.to eat  句意:甚至不去找吃的东西!此处是动词不定式放在不定代词后面作后置定语,故填to eat。
8.【2016 年浙江卷】  He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us. 
第六处:pretend 后面接不定式作宾语,这里是否定式pretend not to do。故knowing 改成know。
考点:考查动词不定式
9. 【2016 年浙江卷】I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do _________ with students.
A. working
B. work
C. to work
D. worked  
【答案】A
【解析】句意:我在海上航行和现在和学生一起工作一样快乐。have fun doing sth.做某事很开心,as I now 
do working with students 补充完整为as I now have fun working with students。故选A。
10. 【2016 年天津卷】The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, _____________ air conditioning 
unnecessary.
  A. making           
B. to make        
C. made           
D. being made
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:冷风从我们卧室的窗户吹进来,使得没有必要开空调了。前面的事情造成后面的结果,
用现在分词作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果。不定式也可以作结果状语,但是那是出乎预料的结果。
故选A。
11. _ 【2016 年北京卷】_______ it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand.
A. Made   
B. Make   
C. Making   
D. To make
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:题目考查不定式作目的状语。句意:为了更方便地联系到我们,你最好随身带着这张卡片。根
据句意可知,这里是目的状语,表目的用动词不定式,故选D。
考点:考查不定式作目的状语
12.  【2016 年北京卷】________ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.
A. Ordering
B. To order
C. Having ordered
D. Ordered
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析:题目考查过去分词作状语。句意:(因为)那些书是一周多之前订的,现在随时有可能送到。
books 和order 是动宾关系,即order the books/the books are ordered,故用过去分词表示被动和完成,在此相
当于原因状语从句because they were ordered...,故选D。
考点:考查过去分词作状语
13.  【2016 年北京卷】Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, ________ the old town into a dreamland.
A. turn                B. turning
C. to turn             D. turned
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析:题目考查现在分词表伴随状况。句意:新建的木屋林立在街道的两旁,使古镇变成了一个梦幻
之地。turn 的逻辑主语是cottages,两者是主动关系,故用现在分词,表示主动和伴随,故选B。
考点:考查现在分词
14.【2016 年江苏卷】In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message _________ within the 
work.
A. to hide 
B. hidden
C. hiding 
D. being hidden
【答案】B
【解析】试题分析:考查分词作定语。相当于定语从句that is hidden within the work。A、C 项表示主动含
义,D 项表示正在进行,与语境不符。故B 项正确。
2015
1.【2015 年新课标Ⅰ卷】A study of travelers    68    (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo 
as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for 
people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it    69    (regular) arranges quick 
getaways here for people    70    (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
68. conducted 句意: 一项网站所进行的调查。过去分词作后置定语,表示被动关系
69. regularly 句意: 定期为人们安排这里适合旅行的地方。修饰动词,用副词修饰。
70.living 句意:生活在上海和香港的人们。现在分词作后置定语。
2. 【2015 年新课标Ⅱ卷】In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their   
63   (able) to “air condition” a house without   64  ( use) electric equipment. ... When a new day breaks, the 
walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough   66   (cool) the house during the hot day;
63.ability  代词their 后接名词,所以用able 的名词形式ability.
64.using   介词without 后接动名词use 去掉字母e 再加-ing。
66.to cool  形容词加enough 后接不定式。
3.【2015 年新课标Ⅱ卷】After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were 
missing. .
74. looks 改为looking  after 之后跟从句或v-ing 形式,故looks 改为looking 。 
75. where 改为that 或者去掉 where  found 后面的宾语从句是陈述句,故where 改为that 或者去掉where。
4.【2015 年广东卷】Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees  
  23
   
  (sell) 
the wood. 
23. 句意:因为这些药草和蔬菜需要花费时间来生长,Johnson 先生就开始砍树来卖木头。sell 卖,销售。
根据文意可知,Johnson 先生一边种植药草和蔬菜,一边砍树去卖掉木柴。这里用动词不定式形式在句中
做目的状语。
5.【2015 年陕西卷】At a party, my coach, with a biscuit in his mouth, asked surprisingly who made them and 
joked, "I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits."
My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter!
83.这里是特指第一段提到的退休聚会。a 改为the。
84.句意:我可能明年要再退休一次,只是想得到更多这样的饼干。用不定式做目的状语。just 后加to。
85.句意:我最喜欢的照片是我和我的教练在聚会上开心地享受饼干。of 后面接动名词,my coach and me
是逻辑主语,enjoy 改为enjoying。
6.【2015 年四川卷】We've been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars. 
64. sing—singing 考查动名词担当宾语。本句考查句型spend…(in)doing sth 结构,故把sing 改成
singing。
7.【2015 年浙江卷】 I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view. 
3.sit-sitting 考查动名词   动词enjoy 后接 ing 形式。 
8. 【2015 年北京卷】  
     
     
   the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.
A. Catching      
B. Caught        
C. To catch     
D. Catch
【答案】C 
【解析】句意:为了赶上早班的飞机,我们提前叫了出租车并且起得很早。这里逻辑主语是 we,空中用不
定式作目的状语,表示提前交出租车并且早起的目的。故选 C。
9. 【2015 年北京卷】The park was full of people        
 
  themselves in the sunshine
A. having enjoyed  B. enjoyed  
C. enjoying      D. to enjoy
【答案】C
【解析】句意:这个公园充满了人,在阳光下他们玩的很尽兴。本题考查非谓语动词。本题非谓语动词的逻
辑主语为 people,人们玩得开心为主动的,因此排除 B 选项,D to enjoy 不定式表示动作未发生,由题
干可知,是过去的动作,因此排除 D 选项;A having enjoyed 为现在分词的完成形式,一定要发生在谓语
动作之前,根据题意,不符合。故选 C。
10. 【2015 年北京卷】If        
 
    
 
  for the job, you’ll be informed soon.
A. to accept   B. accept   
C. accepting  
D. accepted 
【答案】D
【解析】句意: 如果录用你了,我们将很快通知你。本句条件状语从句中省略了主语 you,与 accept 构成
被动关系,用过去分词 accepted。故选 D。
11. 【2015 年福建卷】__________ more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as 
an elective course.
A. Learn
B. Learned
C. To learn
D. To be learning
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。这里是动词不定式形式的非谓语动词做目的状语。该句意思为: 为了更多了解
到中国文化,本克决定选择中国传统音乐作为选修课。故选 C。
12. 【2015 年福建卷】In recent years an English word “infosphere” has appeared, __________ the sense of 
“information” and “atmosphere”.
A. combine
B. combined           C. combing           D. being combined
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词主要有动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词形式。其中现在分词表示
主动的关系,而过去分词通常表示被动的关系。根据该句意思: 最近几年,一个叫做 infosphere 的英语单
词出现了,结合了“信息”和“气氛”这两个单词。这里的结合与前面新出现的单词的关系是主动的,所
以故选 C。
13.【2015 年湖南卷】 Video games can be a poor influence if ________ in the wrong hands.
A. to leave
B. leaving
 C. leave
D. left
【答案】D
【解析】用作状语的从句叫状语从句。状语从句可置于句首、句未或句中,一般来说,状语从句都比较完
整。但是,在一些状语从句中存在的省略问题,可以归纳为以下两点: 1.when, while i as if, 
althoughthough, as, until once, whether, unless, where 等引导的从句中,如果其谓语为 be,而主语与主
句的主语相同时,则从句的主语和 be 可省略。有时从句的主语为 it 时,也可省略 it 或从句中的有
关成分。2. than asno matter what /who 等后面成分的省略。句意: 如果电子游戏落入一个错误的人手中
就能够产生一个不良影响。
14【2015 年湖南卷】
When the clerk saw a kind  face wrinkled in an apologetic smile, she stood rooted to the ground, ________ whether 
to stay or leave. 
A. wondering          B. wonder             C. to wonder        D. wondered 
【答案】A   
【解析】考查非谓语动词。主句的主语 she 与动词 wonder 构成逻上的主动关系,因此用 v.-ing 形式作
伴随状语,故选 A。句意:当那个小职员看到一张善良的面孔泛起皱纹并歉意地一笑时,她像生了根一样
站在那儿,不知道是走还是留。
15.【2015 年湖南卷】Always_______ in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.
A. to keep
B. to have kept
C. keep
D. have kept
【答案】C   
【解析】考查祈使句。这是一个完整的句子,而that 引导的是宾语从句,因此只能是祈使句。故选C。句
意:永远记住,你的主要任务就是让这个公司平稳运行。
【考点定位】考查祈使句。
16. 【2015 年湖南卷】Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students _______ what is bothering them.
A. to talk over
B. talked over
C. talk over
D. having talked over
【答案】A   
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:有时我充当了倾听同学们谈论烦心事的对象。此处不定式表示目的。故
选A。
17. 【2015 年江苏卷】Much time _____ sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health 
problems.
A. being spent            B. having spent         C. spent          D. spending
【答案】C
【解析】句意:上班族们坐在办工座前太久,一般会受到健康问题的困扰。分析句子结构可知,分词的逻
辑主语和后面主句的主语不一致,应用独立主格结构。分词主语和分词动作之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系,
且动作已完成,故用过去分词。故选C 项。
18.【2015 年陕西卷】After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on  
 
all the people who had helped in her career.
  A. to thank  
B. thanking    
C. having thanked   D. to have thanked
【答案】A
【解析】句意:在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角后,Anne Benedict 继续感谢所有帮助她演绎生涯的人。go on to 
do 继续做不同的事情,所以选A.
19. 【2015 年陕西卷】Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see 
his mother        good care of at home.
A. taking    
B. taken    
C. take   
D. be taken 
【答案】B
【解析】句意:在非洲医疗援助两年回来后,Dr. Lee 很高兴看见妈妈被照顾得很好。his mother 和take care 
of 是被动关系,用过去分词做宾语补足语,所以选B。
20.【2015 年四川卷】Little Tom sat         watching the monkey dancing in front of him.
A.amaze      B.amazing     C.amazed      D.to amaze
【答案】C
【解析】本句考查形容词作状语。本句考查形容词作伴随状语,意为:小Tom 坐在那儿看着小猴子在他面
前跳舞,很吃惊。主要考查B、C 之间的区别,选项B 意为:令人吃惊的,常修饰物;而选项C 意为:感到
吃惊的,常修饰人。根据句意,本题选择C。
21. 【2015 年天津卷】___________in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching. 
A. To absorb
B. To be absorbed
C. Absorbed
D. Absorbing 
【答案】C
【解析】句意:全神贯注于绘画中,约翰没有注意到晚上到了。短语 be absorbed n 全神贯注于,在句中
作状语。故选 C。
22. 【2015 年天津卷】___________ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. 
A. To work
B. Worked
C. To be working 
D. Having worked
【答案】D
【解析】句意:工作了两天,Steve 成功的按时完成了他的报告。句中的逻辑主语为Steve,与work 之间为
主动关系,故用现在分词,这里用having worked,表示动作的先后性。故选D。
23.【2015 年浙江卷】 Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it      live is quite another.
A. perform          B. performing         C. to perform         D. being performed
【答案】D
【解析】句意:在家里面听音乐是一回事,去到现场听又是另一回事。hear sb/sth doing 表听到某人某物
做某事。由于音乐是被演奏的,所以需要被动,所以选 D。分析 4 个选项知道,答案所使用的是同一个
动词,不同的是时态、语态或者是非谓语形式。 A 是动词原形,B 是非谓语现在分词形式,C 是非谓
语的不定式,D 是非谓语的现在分词被动形式。分析句子结构以及用法,不难知道音乐是被演奏的,所
以需要被动,所以选 D。
24.【2015 年重庆卷】____ in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.
A. Being raised  
B. Raising  
C. Raised  
D. To raise
【答案】C 
【解析】 句意:他在格拉斯哥最穷的地方长大,要想成为足球明星还有很长的路要走。根据句意可知 raise
这个动词的主语是 he,他在这个地方长大,两者之间是主谓关系,故选 C 项。 
25. 【2015 年重庆卷】Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way____ the sun and the stars.
A. used
B. having used  
C. using     
D. use
【答案】C 
【解析】句意:象古代的水手,乌能利用太阳和星辰来找到他们的路。using 是伴随状语。
2014 
 1.【2014 年新课标Ⅰ卷】 But river wasn’t changed in a few days_____64even a few months. It took years of 
work _______65(reduce) industrial pollution and clean the water. 
[小题 5]to reduce.减少工业污染和变成干净的水需要几年的工作时间。这里是句式: Ittakes +some time +todo 
sth 做某事学科网理花费某人多长时间,故这里应该用动词不定式,故用 to reduce。
2.【2014 年新课标Ⅱ卷】One morning , I was waiting at the bus stop , worried about  61 (be ) late for 
school ....
I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver , but he refused 66  (stop ) until we reached the next 
stop .Still , the boy kept 67  (ride) . 
[小题 1] being 介词后跟名词或动名词,故填 being.
[小题 6] to stop .固定短语 refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事
[小题 7] riding 。固定短语 keep doing sth 一直做某事[小题 8] Did。询问过去发生的事情用过去时。
3.【2014 年四川卷】 Don’t panic or get out of line, and trying to remain quiet and calmly. 
【小题5】trying ---try 。考查谓语和非谓语。Don't panic or get out of line, and trying to remain quiet。解题关
键是and 连接的词前后需一致。根据前面panic 判断此处用动词原形try。
【小题6】calmly---calm。考查形容词的用法。remain quiet and calmly。Remain 是系动词,后面用形容词作
表语,故把calmly 改为calm。
 4.【2014 年陕西卷】My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven. He wanted teach me 
about animals, insects and trees. 
...
 One evening at sunset, we sat by the fire, have our barbecue. 
[小题 1] want 后加 to 考查不定式。want 后跟不定式作宾语,故 wanted 后加 to。
[小题 3] have-having 考查非谓语动词。have 应改为 having,现在分词短语作伴随状语
5.【2014 年辽宁卷】 It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute she's outside. 
[小题 3] 句意:很难想象她为什么在外面每分钟都会吠叫。这里使用了句型: It istadi.+to do sth,to 后面接
动词原形,understanding 改成 understand。
6.【2014 年辽宁卷】
Jonny: 
Keep   64   (hold) your position for a while .It helps develop your strength and 
flexibility .Raise your leg and let    65    stay in the air for seconds.
[小题 4] 考查动名词。句意: 保持这个姿势一段时间。Keer 后面接动名词: holding.
[小题 5] 考查代词。句意: 抬起腿,让它在空中停留几秒钟。用代词 it 指代 your leg.
7.【2014 年北京卷】  
     
   carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.
A. Observe
B. To observe
C. Observed    
D. Observing
【答案】A 
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。考查方式为识别是否适用非谓语动词。根据上下文可知,后面提供了两个
从句,一个为条件状语从句、另一个为时间状语从句的省略句,由此可知,在某条件下和某时间,建议某
人做某事。因此,应该选择动词原形,引起的是祈使句。所以,本题选A。
考点:本题考查非谓语动词。
8. 【2014 年北京卷】Last night, there were millions of people          
 
  the opening ceremony live on TV.
A. watch
B. to watch
C. watched
D. watching
【答案】D 
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词,考查方式为非谓语动词形式的选择。本题说明“昨晚有成百万的人看电视
上直播的开幕式”,watching 引导的现在分词短语做定语,说明人们在做什么。与前面的people 构成主谓
关系,所以选择D。
考点:本题考查非谓语动词
9. 【2014 年北京卷】There are still many problems ______ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
A. solving
B. solved
C. being solved
D.to be solved
【答案】D 
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词,考查方式为非谓语动词形式选择。根据题干信息,非谓语动词在这里做定
语,限定“要去解决的问题”。根据非谓语动词做定语的规则,现在分词表示主动和正在发生,过去分词
表示被动或完成,而不定式表示将要发生,所以选D。学科#网
考点:考查非谓语动词的用法
10. 【2014 年北京卷】The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without __________.
A. recognizingB. being recognized
C. having recognized
D. having been recognized
【答案】B  
【解析】本题考查动词的非谓语动词形式。句意:那位电影明星戴上墨镜。所以,他去买东西不会被认出
来。根据题中的介词without 判断,此后应该使用动词的动名词形式,由于他是被人认出的,所以应该用
动名词的被动式,所以选B。
考点:考查非谓语动词的用法
11. 【2014 年大纲卷(广西卷)】Today there are more airplanes _________ more people than ever before in 
the skies.
A. carry            
B. carrying          C. carried      
D. to be carrying      
【答案】B
【解析】考查现在分词作定语。句意: 现在比以前有有更多的飞机运送乘客。此处 airplane 和 carrying 之
间是主动关系,故用现在分词作定语。故选B。
12.【2014 年大纲卷(广西卷)】 _________ me tomorrow and I’ll let you know the lab result.
A. Calling          
B. Call              C. To call            D. Having called    
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词的正确形式。句意:明天给我打电话,我会告诉你实验的结果。此句是祈使句,故用
动词原形。选 B。
13. 【2014 年重庆卷】The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras _________ to our shop for quality 
problems.
  A. returning             
B. returned
C. to return      D. to be returned
【答案】B
【解析】本题意为:厂商定期回收因质量问题退回来的相机。camera 是“退回”的承受者,应使用过去分
词。A、C 两项语态错误;D 项表“未来”,时态不合语境。故本题选择B 项。
考点:考查非谓语动词的用法。
14. 【2014 年重庆卷】Group activities will be organized after class _________ children develop team spirit.
  A. helping          
B. having helped
C. helped       
D. to help
【答案】D
题意: 将组织各种团体活动以帮助儿童培养团队精神。培养团队精神是组织课外团体活动的E 的。英语中
表示“目的”时应当使用动词不定式。故本题选择 D 项。
考点:考查非谓语动词的用法。
15. 【2014 年浙江卷】Annie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse _______ to 
guard her.
   A. to appoint         B. appointing            C. appointed           D. having appointed
【答案】C
【试题分析】这里a nurse 与appoint(任命)之间是被动关系,故排除ABD,这里是过去分词短语作定语。
故选C。句意:Amie Salmon 是一个残疾人,她在上学期间有一个指定的护士来照顾她。
考点:考查非谓语动词。
16. 【2014 年天津卷】Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only _________ it didn’t 
fit.
A. to find   
B. found  
C. finding  
D. having found
【答案】A
【解析】句意:她焦急地从包里拿出裙子试穿,结果却发现不合身。only +动词不定式,表示意想不到的
结果。found 是过去分词,常常表示被动和完成的含义;finding 是现在分词,常常表示主动和进行;having 
found 是-ing 的完成式,表示动作发生在先。      
考点:考查非谓语动词及语境理解。
17. 【2014 年天津卷】Clearly and thoughtfully________, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to 
seek their own answers.
A. writing  
B. to write
C. written  
D. being written
【答案】C
【解析】句意:这本书写得既清楚又完整,该书激励了那些希望寻求自己的答案的学生的自信心。Clearly and 
thoroughly 是副词,writing 是动词的-mg 形式,表示与主语 book 是主动关系; to write 是动词不定式表
将来和目的;written 是动词的过去分词形式,表示与主语 book 是被动的关系。根据语境可知,选C。
考点:考查非谓语动词。
18. 【2014 年四川卷】The manager was satisfied to see many new products _________ after great effort.
A. having developed 
B. to develop
C. developed
D. develop
【答案】C
【解析】分析结构可知此处是“see +宾语+补语”结构,动词develop 和宾语之间存在被动关系,应该用过
去分词,故答案选C。句意:经理很满意得看到经过努力后许多新产品被研制了出来。
12.【2014 年陕西卷】 It’s quite hot today. Do you feel like _________ for a swim?
A. to go          
B. going          
C go     
D. having gone 
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。feel like 后跟 vg 形式作宾语,排除 A 和 Chaving done 表示已经发生
的动作,根据语境,此处因为天热,询问对方是否想去游泳,故动作没有发生,因此选 B。
13【2014 年陕西卷】 ________ the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.[来源:Zxxk.Com]
A. Working out          B. Worked out          
C. To work out      
D. Work out
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:为了解出那道数学难题,我已经向 Russel 教授咨询过好几次了。
非谓语动词中只有不定式可作目的状语,题干中缺少目的状语,故选 C。
14.【2014 年山东卷】 There’s a note pinned to the door _________ when the shop will open again. 
  A. saying     
B. says     
C. said     
D. having said \
【答案】A
【解析】在这个句子中 note 和 say 是王动关系,所以要用 saying。此处 saying 引导的句子做伴随状语
句意为: 门上钉着张纸条,写着这家商店什么时候再营业。故答案选 A。
考点:考查非谓语动词。
15. 【2014 年山东卷】It’s standard practice for a company like this one _________ a security officer. 
   A. employed    
B. being employed     
C. to employ    
D. employs \
【答案】C
【解析】it 是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。句意为:像这样的一个公司雇用一名保安是惯例。
故答案选 C。
16. 【2014 年江西卷】When it comes to _________ in public, no one can match him.
A. speak              B. speaking         
C. being spoken     
D. be spoken 
【答案】B
【解析】When it comes to sth 是一固定句型,表示“当到...”,to 是属于介词。而此句子不含被动意思
being spoken 被说。因此 B 选项正确。句意为 “ 当试到在公众场演讲,没人能与他相比。”
17. He is thought _________ foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.
A. to act                
B. to have acted     
C. acting        D. having acted
【答案】A
【解析】句意为“ 有人认为他已做了一件傻事。现在应怪他自己丢掉这份工作。句型“有人认为已...”可
用.sb is thought/ believed/ ...that sb have has done.结构。从句中的动作发生在主句动作之前。该结构可转化
为 Sb is thought/believed 不定式的完成式
18. 【2014 年江苏卷】The lecture ________, a lively question-and-answer session followed.
A. being given 
B. having given 
C. to be given 
D. having been given
【答案】D 
【解析】考查非谓语动词用法。句中逻辑主语 lecture 与动词 give 是被动关系,故需要用被动语态。
Being given 指正在进行的演讲; to be given 将要发表的演讲having been given 则强调时间先后,指的是此
动作发生在谓语动词 follow 的动作之前。句意: 发表演讲之后,接下来是现场提问时间。故 D 正确。
19.【2014 年湖南卷】Children,when          by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
A. to be accompanied
B. to accompany
C.accompanying
    D. accompanied
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词用法。句中的逻辑主语为 children,与 accompany 之间为被动意义上的关系,故
用过去分词作状语。句意: 当有父母陪伴的时候,孩子们是允许进入体育馆的。故 D 正确。
考点:考查非谓语动词用法
20.【2014 年湖南卷】____your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to
convey your affection and emotions.
A. Understanding
    B. To be understood
C. Being understood
D. Having understood
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词用法。不定式《短语)或动名词《短语)均可作主语,区别在于不定式常表示将来,
是特指,而动名词表示一般情况,是泛指。而本句指的是普遍现象,属泛指,故用动名词较好。句意: 理
解你自身的需要及交际风格,同学会表达你的感情和情绪是一样重要。故 A 正确。
21. 【2014 年湖南卷】.There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland, _____at 
the night sky.
A. to stare
B. staring   
C. stared     D. having stared
【答案】B
【解析】考查非谓语动词用法。句中的动词stare 的逻辑主语是隐含主语I,两者之间为主动关系,故用现
在分词。句意:没有比背躺在草地中间,盯着夜空更快乐的事情了。故B 正确。
考点:考查非谓语动词用法
22.【2014 年湖南卷】      
 
 ourselves from the physical and mental tensions,we each need deep thought and 
inner quietness.
A.
Having freed     B. Freed
    C. To free    D. Freeing
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词用法。不定式和不定式短语作目的状语,主要用来修饰动词,表示某一动作或状
态的目的。句意: 为了解除我们自己生理和心理的紧张,我们每个人都需要深刻的思考和内心的宁静。故
C 正确。
23.【2014 年福建卷】             the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more 
mature than those of her age.
A. Spending    
B. Spent    
C. Having spent    
D. To spend
【答案】C
【解析】“花费”和其逻辑主语“Linda”之间是主动关系,故用现在分词作原因状语。且“花费”的动作
明显早于“看起来成熟”这个动作。表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作,用现在分词的完成时。句意:由于
Linda 过去几年在香港作交换留学生,所以她看起来比她的实际年龄更成熟。
考点:考查非谓语动词的用法。
28. 【2014 年福建卷】. For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are 
important in staying 
            .
  A. connected    
B. connecting    C. to connect    
D. to be connected
【答案】A
【解析】“个人电脑和手机”与“联系”之间是被动关系,故用过去分词,所以选A。句意:对于那些远
离家人的人来说,个人电脑和电话在与家人保持联络方面起着很重要的作用。Stay 是系动词,用来表示主
语继续或保持一种状况或态度