考点 14 动名词（核心考点精讲精练）
1. 三年真题考点分布
考点
动名词
题型
试卷类型 动名词 考点
语法填空
2021 2021全国甲卷 spending 介词宾语
2021全国乙卷 visiting 介词宾语
2020 2020年山东卷 walking 作宾语
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于动名词的考查共计3次，主要考查：
1．动名词作宾语尤其是介词的宾语；
2．动名词作定语；
3. 动名词作表语；
4. 动名词作主语；
5. 动名词的各种形式及其意义。
【备考策略】系统归类动名词的用法，尤其是动名词作宾语和主语；熟练掌握动名词的各种形式的意义和用法。
【命题预测】
2024年语法填空对动名词有可能考查，主要集中考查动名词作主语和宾语。
知识点：
动名词的形式
1. 一般式 （1）主动式 doing (2) 被动式 being done
2. 完成式 （1）主动式 having done (2) 被动式 having been done
动名词由动词变化而来，因此有与动词的相同的性质: 能带自己的宾语、状语等，如果带上宾语、状语等，就为动
名词短语。动名词相当于一个名词，在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语等，但不能用作谓语。动名词有所有
格形式。
重难点知识：
考点1 动名词作主语
1. [2021·浙江 1 月]He remembered landmarks, but since he didn't know his town's name, ________（find）a small
neighborhood in a vast country proved to be impossible.
【答案】finding【解析】考查动名词。在一个辽阔的国家里找一个小社区被证明是不可能的。句中proved是谓语动词，前面是动
名词短语作主语。故填finding。
2. 【2022·江苏省苏锡常镇四市教学情况调查（一）】Habits, too, have huge gravity pull more than most people realize
or admit. ________ (break) deeply habitual tendencies involves more than a little willpower and a few minor changes in
our lives. But once we break out of the gravity pull, our freedom takes on a whole new dimension.
【答案】Breaking
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：要打破根深蒂固的习惯，仅靠那一丁点的意志力和生活中的一些小改变是远远
不够的。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语。故填Breaking。
【方法指导】
1.表示比较抽象的一般行为或者经常性习惯性的动作时，多用doing作主语。
2.动名词及短语作主语，谓语动词通常用单数形式。
1.（2023·山东省曲阜市第一中学考试） ____ ____ (melt) and refreezing of polar ice is natural. But in a warmer world,
the cycle speeds up, and polar bears have less time to hunt. Normally, they have three months in the spring when they gain
more weight. The extra fat will be used, when the bears are not actively hunting.
【答案】Melting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：极地冰的融化和再冻结是自然的。此处与and后的refreezing是并列成分，作主
语，应用动名词。故填Melting。
2.（2023·广东省惠州市高三第一次调研） ____ ____ (eat) so-called “junk foods” does activate the brain’s reward
system, but that high is short-lived because it’s not the deep reward of real comfort.
【答案】Eating
【解析】考查动名词。句意：吃所谓的“垃圾食品”确实会激活大脑的奖励系统，但这种兴奋是短暂的，因为它不是真
正舒适的深层奖励。空处作主语，应用动名词形式，首字母应大写。故填Eating。
3. [2020·海南卷]______（talk）freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information
she or he needs to give you the best care.
【答案】Talking
【解析】考查动名词。自然地和你的医生交谈能使你感觉更好。此处的动名词短语作主语。故填Talking。
4. [2019·上海卷]She explains that two of the most common arguments she hears from detractors regarding the decline of
handwriting is that not (protect) it will result in a “loss of history and a loss of personal touch ".
【答案】protecting
【解析】考查动名词。她解释说，关于书写的衰落，她从批评者那里听到的两个最常见的论点是，不保护它将导
致“失去历史，失去个人魅力”。此处动名词作主语，故填protecting。
考点2 动名词作宾语
3. [2019·上海卷]In the recent years, sea erosion has led to many turtles' nest ________ (damage) or destroyed.
【答案】being damaged
【解析】考查非谓语动词。在最近几年，海洋侵蚀已经导致很多海龟的巢穴被破坏或毁灭。being damaged 作lead
to短语中介词to的宾语，该动名词的逻辑主语many turtles’ nests与damage之间是被动关系，因此用动名词的被动形式。故填being damaged。
4. [安徽省皖南八校高三第一次联考]Following the Japanese surrender in 1945, Chiang Kai-shek’s Nationalist
Government reoccupied the Headquarters-Presidential Palace for _____ (govern) the Republic of China.
【答案】governing
【解析】考查动名词。1945年日本投降后，蒋介石的国民政府重新占领了中华民国国民政府总部——总统府，为
了统治中华民国。句子的谓语是reoccupied，govern作介词for的宾语，用动名词，故填governing。
【方法指导】
1.下列短语doing是介词宾语：
have difficulty/trouble (in) doing…: 做某事有困难
There is …difficulty (in) doing…: 做某事有困难
There is …trouble (in) doing…: 做某事有困难
There is no use (in) doing…: 做某事没有用
have a job (in) doing…: 做某事有困难/很费力
have a good/hard time (in) doing…: 做某事很开心/很辛苦
have fun (in) doing …: 做某事有意思/有趣
There is no fun (in) doing…: 做某事没有意思/没有趣
have a problem (in) doing …: 做某事有困难
have luck (in) doing …: 做某事时有运气/走运
have bother (in) doing …: 做某事费劲
spend…(in) doing…: 花费时间做什么
2. 以下动词(短语)常接doing短语作宾语：
admit 承认 deny 否认 forgive 原谅 prevent 阻止
advise 建议 discuss 讨论 imagine 想象 prohibit 禁止
allow 允许 dislike 不喜欢 keep 保持 practise 练习
appreciate 感激 enjoy 喜爱 mention 提及 quit 停止/放弃
avoid 避免 escape 逃脱 mind 介意 reject 拒绝
consider 考虑 excuse 原谅 miss 错过 report 报告
confess 承认 fancy 设想 oppose反对 risk冒险
complete 完成 finish 完成 pardon 原谅 suggest 建议
delay 推迟 forbid 禁止 permit 允许 understand 理解
carry on: 继续 can’t help doing...: 禁不住; 情不自禁做
feel like: 想要 give up: 放弃
insist on: 坚持 keep on: 继续
put off: 推迟 set about: 开始,着手
succeed in doing...: 成功地做什么
prevent/stop...(from) doing...: 防止/阻止...做什么
keep ...from doing...: 防止/阻止...做什么
prevent/stop/keep ...from being done: 防止...被什么1.（2023·内蒙古包头市高三调研） By the time he was 13 years old, his father had given up ________ (paint) himself
because he felt his son had already surpassed (超越) him.
【答案】painting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在他13岁的时候，他的父亲已经放弃了自己画画，因为他觉得他的儿子已经超
过了他。give up“放弃”，其后跟动名词作宾语，所以此处用动名词painting，故填painting。
2.（2023·江苏省高邮市第一中学月考）Despite it ________(be) a busy work day, thousands of people wearing black
came to the Mingyangshan Mortuary House in the city, where the memorial service was held at 10 am, to present bouquets
(花束) and bunches of rice and pay tribute (颂词) to Yuan.
【答案】being
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管这是一个繁忙的工作日，但数千名身穿黑色衣服的人来到了明阳山殡仪馆，
上午10点在那里举行了追悼仪式，他们献上花束和一束米，并向袁隆平致敬。分析可知，此处为动名词复合结构
作despite的宾语。故填being。
3. [2021·浙江1月]Today: in Australia: most children on average fall 2000 steps short of the physical activity they need to
avoid ______（be）overweight.
【答案】being
【解析】考查动名词。今天：在澳大利亚：大多数孩子平均比避免超重所需的体力活动少了2000步。此处avoid
后接动名词作宾语。故填being。
4. [2021·吉林省吉林市高三第一次调研考试]She started to work in the city at 14 and would not have returned to her
childhood home but for her grandmother _______ (fall) ill in 2012.
【答案】falling
【解析】考查动名词。她14岁开始在城市工作，要不是2012年祖母生病，她不会回到儿时的家。but for意为“要
不是”，为介词短语，后接动名词的复合结构作宾语。故填falling。
5.[2019·上海卷]In this sense, Trubek likens handwriting to (drive) .
【答案】driving
【解析】考查动名词。在这个意义上，楚贝克将手写比作开车。此处to是介词，故填driving。
考点3 动名词作表语
Being accompanied by flowers and applause does not necessarily mean one is __________(live) a happy life.
【答案】living
【解析】考查动名词短语作表语。句意：被鲜花和掌声相伴不一定就意味着过着幸福的生活。此处指经常性的动
作，故应用living的形式。故填living。
【方法指导】
动名词作表语：句子的主语常是hobby, task, job, work, hope, wish, aim, goal, duty 等。
What I hate most is _____________(laugh) at.
【答案】being laughed【解析】考查动名词短语作表语。句意：我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。此处指被嘲笑，故应用动名词的被动形式。
故填being laughed。
基础过关
（最新模拟试题演练）
1.（2023·内蒙古包头市高三调研） By the time he was 13 years old, his father had given up ________ (paint) himself
because he felt his son had already surpassed (超越) him.
【答案】painting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在他13岁的时候，他的父亲已经放弃了自己画画，因为他觉得他的儿子已经超
过了他。give up“放弃”，其后跟动名词作宾语，所以此处用动名词painting，故填painting。
2.（2023·浙江省七彩阳光新高考研究联盟联考）Test flights are more about ____ ____ (judge) the aircraft's safety and
reliability.
【答案】judging
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：试飞更多的是为了判断飞机的安全性和可靠性。作介词的宾语，应用动名词形
式。故填judging。
3.（2023·福建省漳州市第一次教学质量检测）Caitlin Nugent, a 26-year-old teacher from Sydney, attended one of the
documentary’s screenings. She said she was drawn by the process behind silk brocades(锦缎)and the film added to her
dream of ____ ____ (make) the trip to China that she had never been to.
【答案】making
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她说她被丝绸的制作过程吸引了并且这部电影增加了她去中国旅行的梦想，这
是她从未去过的。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填非谓语动词，根据空格前“of”可知，空格处应填动名词形式作
宾语，所以应填making。故填making。
4.（2023·山东省“学情空间”区域教研共同体统考）Creating a brand-new organism by ________ (combine) the genes
of existing, unrelated organisms is known as genetic engineering.
【答案】combining
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：基因工程就是把现有的、不相关的有机体的基因结合起来，创造出全新的有机
体。空白处作介词by的宾语，因此使用combine的动名词形式combining。故填combining。
5.（2023·江苏省镇江市统考）Seeing the two together is a perfect example of the idea of how respecting our history,
while still ____ ____ (look)to the future, can create a truly unique cityscape.
【答案】looking
【解析】考查动名词。句意：将两者结合在一起是一个很好的例子，展示了如何尊重我们的历史，同时展望未来，
可以创造一个真正独特的城市景观。分析句子可知，由while“同时”连接的respecting our history可知，此处为也
为动名词形式。故填looking。
6.（2023·江苏省南通市通州、兴化、泗洪第一次质量监测）As a typical example of Chinese etiquette (礼仪), the
coming-of-age ceremony is aimed at reminding young people entering adulthood that only by ____ ____ (assume)adultresponsibilities and practicing good virtue can they become qualified for social roles.
【答案】assuming
【解析】考查动名词。句意：作为中国礼仪的一个典型例子，成人仪式旨在提醒步入成年的年轻人，只有承担成
人责任，践行良好美德，他们才能胜任社会角色。介词后应跟动名词，作宾语。by doing sth. 意为“通过做某事”。
故填assuming。
7.（2023·江苏省高邮市第一中学月考）The agronomist (农学家) spent over five decades ____ ____ (research) and
improving hybrid rice, which has reached its third generation, helping China work a great wonder— feeding nearly one-
fifth of the world’s population with less than 9 percent of the world’s total arable (适合耕种的) land.
【答案】researching
【解析】考查动名词。句意：这位农学家花了50多年的时间研究和改良杂交水稻，杂交水稻已经发展到第三代，
帮助中国创造了一个巨大的奇迹——用不到世界总耕地的 9%养活了世界近五分之一的人口。根据短语spend...(in)
doing“花……做……”可知，此处应用动名词形式作宾语。故填researching。
8.（2023·广东省高三开学大联考）Chinese people also have a habit of _______(consume)green tea, and plant-based
alcoholic beverages(饮料)such as rice wine, beer and grain liquor moderately.
【答案】consuming
【解析】考查动名词。句意：中国人也有喝绿茶的习惯，以及植物性酒精饮料，如米酒、啤酒和谷物酒。所给的
词位于介词of之后，用动名词作宾语。故填consuming。
9.（2023·江苏省高邮市第一中学月考）Despite it ________(be) a busy work day, thousands of people wearing black
came to the Mingyangshan Mortuary House in the city, where the memorial service was held at 10 am, to present bouquets
(花束) and bunches of rice and pay tribute (颂词) to Yuan.
【答案】being
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管这是一个繁忙的工作日，但数千名身穿黑色衣服的人来到了明阳山殡仪馆，
上午10点在那里举行了追悼仪式，他们献上花束和一束米，并向袁隆平致敬。分析可知，此处为动名词复合结构
作despite的宾语。故填being。
10．(2023·山东省高三考试)Creating a brand－new organism by ________ (combine) the genes of existing, unrelated
organisms is known as genetic engineering.
【答案】combining
【解析】作介词by的宾语，因此使用combine的动名词形式combining。故填combining。
11．(2023·甘肃省白银市高三质量检测)In some ways, ________ (learn) to program a computer is similar to learning a
new language.
【答案】learning
【解析】设空处应用动名词作主语。故填learning。
12.（2023·江苏省南通市崇川区等5地月考）Over time, I realized that Dad and Mom had always wanted the best for
me. That was when I decided to take the big step — to conquer my internet addiction. I could imagine the difficulty I
would have _____ _____ (quit) it. But with dogged determination, I knew that I would turn over a new leaf.
【答案】quitting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我可以想象戒掉网瘾是多么的困难。分析句子可知，空格处构成固定短语have
difficulty (in) doing做某事有困难，应使用动名词形式。故填quitting。
13.（2023·福建省龙岩第一中学月考）During her work, Remila wears a blue helmet, goggles, and blue suits. After a J-15
lands, what she needs to do is carry the heavy wire after ___41___ (get) signals and run to the fighter to take a series ofactions for a quick installation.
【答案】getting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：J-15着陆后，她需要做的是在收到信号后，携带沉重的电线跑到战斗机上，采
取一系列快速安装的行动。介词after后接动名词形式。故填getting。
14.（2023·山东省曲阜市第一中学考试） ____ ____ (melt) and refreezing of polar ice is natural. But in a warmer world,
the cycle speeds up, and polar bears have less time to hunt. Normally, they have three months in the spring when they gain
more weight. The extra fat will be used, when the bears are not actively hunting.
【答案】Melting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：极地冰的融化和再冻结是自然的。此处与and后的refreezing是并列成分，作主
语，应用动名词。故填Melting。
15.（2023·江苏省镇江市统考）Yet while they belong to completely different eras, appearances and purposes, they are
both equally representative of this city. Seeing the two together is a perfect example of the idea of how respecting our
history, while still ____ ____ (look)to the future, can create a truly unique cityscape.
【答案】looking
【解析】考查动名词。句意：将两者结合在一起是一个很好的例子，展示了如何尊重我们的历史，同时展望未来，
可以创造一个真正独特的城市景观。分析句子可知，由while“同时”连接的respecting our history可知，此处为也
为动名词形式。故填looking。
16.（2023·广东省惠州市高三第一次调研） ____ ____ (eat) so-called “junk foods” does activate the brain’s reward
system, but that high is short-lived because it’s not the deep reward of real comfort.
【答案】Eating
【解析】考查动名词。句意：吃所谓的“垃圾食品”确实会激活大脑的奖励系统，但这种兴奋是短暂的，因为它不是真
正舒适的深层奖励。空处作主语，应用动名词形式，首字母应大写。故填Eating。
17.【江苏省金陵中学2021-2022学年高三下学期3月学情调研】
The 2021 (22nd) Hainan Island Carnival kicked off in Haikou, capital city of Hainan province, on Dec 10, 2021.
The Ministry of Culture and Tourism will continue to support Hainan in ___36___ (deepen) reform and opening up,
support Hainan’s aim to become an international tourism consumption center, and provide assistance for the construction
of Hainan Free Trade Port.
【答案】deepening
【解析】考查动名词。句意：文化和旅游部将继续支持海南深化改革开放，支持海南建设国际旅游消费中心，帮
助海南自由贸易港建设。in后用动名词deepening作宾语，故填deepening。
18.【2022届江苏省连云港市高三第二次调研】TCM is about ____58____ (restore) the balance between yin and yang
forces in patients.
【答案】restoring
【解析】考查动名词。句意：传统中医是关于恢复患者阴阳之间的平衡。根据空前的介词about可知，此处用动名
词restoring，作宾语。故填restoring。
19.【江苏省南通如皋市2022届高三4月第二次适应性考试】Ashley Alcaraz remembers when she started to regret
______ (entrust) her infant daughter Paysen to an unlicensed in-home day care when she returned to work.
【答案】entrusting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：阿什利·阿尔卡拉茨还记得，当她回到工作岗位时，她开始后悔把年幼的女儿派
森托付给了一家没有执照的家庭托儿所。考查动名词作宾语，regret doing sth.表示“后悔做某事”。故填entrusting。
20.【江苏省如皋市2021-2022学年高三英语第一学期教学质量调研（一）】The majority of birds are given to Ms.
John by vets, while others are handed in after 38 ． (find) injured or because their owners died and the family was unable to
take over their care.
【答案】being found
【解析】考查动名词的被动式作宾语。句意：大多数的鸟是兽医交给约翰女士的，而其他的鸟是在被发现受伤或
主人死亡，家人无法接管它们的照顾后才被送过来的。介词after后面用动名词作宾语，且主语others和动词find
之间是被动关系，是动名词的被动式being done作宾语。故填being found。
21.【江苏省淮安市高中校协作体2021-2022学年高三英语期中】In fact, 57 ． (neglect) to account for the existing
sacrifices is one reason why so many of us have a hard time sticking to healthy habits and following up on goals.
【答案】neglecting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，忽视对现有牺牲的考虑是为什么我们这么多人难以坚持健康的习惯和
既定目标的原因之一。分析可知，此处应用动名词作主语。故填neglecting。
22．That reading habits have changed can be felt from the amount of time young people spend ________ (sweep) through
short videos on their smartphones.
【答案】sweeping
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：阅读习惯的改变可以从年轻人在手机浏览视频的时间就可以感受的到。spend
time (in) doing sth. 为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，故用 sweep 动名词形式作宾语。sweep在此处表示
“扫视”。故填sweeping。
23．As more young people grow frustrated with pressure, they say they want to give up conventional rites of passage, such
as ________ (get) married or having children. But life itself is a process of fighting, gaining and enjoying. This philosophy
does no good to our society.
【答案】getting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着越来越多的年轻人对压力感到沮丧，他们表示，他们不再想过传统的生活，
例如结婚或生孩子。但生活本身就是一个奋斗、收获和享受的过程。这种哲学对我们的社会的没有好处。根据前
文的“such as”和后文的“having”可知，此空应填get的动名词形式作宾语。故填getting。
24．Imbalance causes illness or injury. TCM is about ________ (restore) the balance between yin and yang forces in
patients. It has been a major part of traditional Chinese culture and continues to play a vital role in medical treatment in
China today.
【答案】restoring
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：失衡会导致疾病或伤害。中医是关于恢复病人阴阳平衡的。它一直是中国传统
文化的重要组成部分，并继续在中国今天的医疗中发挥重要作用。根据空前的介词about可知，此处用动名词
restoring，作宾语。故填restoring。
25．Walking to work, ________ (take) part in an online exercise program or meeting with friends for a walk also works to
easily get more physical activity.
【答案】taking
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：步行上班、参加在线锻炼计划或与朋友见面散步也可以轻松地获得更多的体育
活动。分析句子结构可知，此处要填非谓语动词，在句中作主语；根据“or meeting with friends”可知，此处应用动
名词作主语。故填taking。
26．The unique medicine grew out of ________ (observe) carefully how everything in reality functions at the deepest,invisible levels and interacts with the surface or visible physical levels.
【答案】observing
【解析】考查动名词。句意：这种独特的医学产生于仔细观察现实中一切事物如何在最深处、看不见的层面运作，
以及如何与表面或可见的物理层面相互作用。此处位于介词of后且表动作，应使用动名词作宾语。故填
observing。
27．The smoke and the fire and all that stuff started coming. It started burning my eyes and ________ (hurt) my throat, but
I was still trying to get him out.
【答案】hurting
【解析】考查动名词。句意：烟、火和所有那些东西开始涌来。它开始灼伤我的眼睛，刺痛我的喉咙，但我仍试
图把他弄出去。start doing sth.为固定用法，意为“开始做某事”，空处和burning并列，需填动名词作宾语。故填
hurting。
28．The guide dog being denied ________ (board) is just the tip of the iceberg, compared to the various difficulties faced
by the country's visually impaired population every day when they leave their home.
【答案】boarding
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：与该国视障人口每天离家时面临的各种困难相比，被拒绝登机的导盲犬只是冰山
一角。根据句意可知，本题考查短语deny doing sth “否认做某事”，所以空格处需用动名词作宾语。故填
boarding。
29．Bedtime is pretty early, and we are used to ________(chat)away until we call it a day.
【答案】chatting
【解析】考查动名词。句意：睡觉时间很早，我们习惯了聊天，直到结束一天的工作。be used to “习惯于……”，
是固定短语，其中to是介词，其后接chat的动名词形式作宾语。故填chatting。
30．Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles: Minimize the impact of ________ (visit) the
place.
【答案】visiting
【解析】考查动名词。句意：事实上，一个真正的环保之旅必须符合以下原则：最大限度地减少参观此地的影响。
介词of之后接动名词作宾语。故填visiting。
31．I still remember________ (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I________ (shock) when I learnt she
hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
【答案】 visiting was shocked
【解析】考查固定短语、时态和语态。句意：我还记得去拜访了一位在这里住了五年的朋友，当我得知她在那段
时间里一次也没做饭时，我感到震惊。根据句意可知，空格一处涉及固定短语“remember doing sth.”，意为“记得
做过某事”，“visit”意为“拜访”，动名词形式为“visiting”，故空格一填“visiting”；句子为“when”引导的时间
状语从句，根据句中“learnt”可知，主句应用一般过去时，“I”和“shock”之间为被动关系，故应用一般过去时的
被动语态，“I”与“was”连用，“shock”的过去分词为“shocked”，故空格二填“was shocked”。故填visiting; was
shocked。
32．Visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine them living at a different time in history
or________(walk) through a rainforest.
【答案】walking
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史
时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处为短语imagine (sb.) doing 的用法，同时有考查了并列结构。故填walking。33．The Ministry of Culture and Tourism will continue to support Hainan in ________(deepen) reform and opening up,
support Hainan’s aim to become an international tourism consumption center, and provide assistance for the construction of
Hainan Free Trade Port.
【答案】deepening
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：文化和旅游部将继续支持海南深化改革开放，支持海南建设国际旅游消费中心，
支持海南自由贸易港建设。介词后接动名词作宾语，故填deepening。
34．The old men enjoy ________(listen) to the singing of the birds in the park. （
【答案】listening
【解析】考查动名词。句意：老人们喜欢在公园里听鸟儿的歌声。enjoy doing sth.为固定用法，表示“喜欢做某
事”，空处需填动名词作宾语，故填listening。
35．_________ (distract) by the noises outside made me unable to concentrate on my book.
【答案】Being distracted
【解析】考查动名词和被动语态。句意：外面的喧闹声分散了我的注意力，使我无法专心看书。空格处用动名词
作主语，由by可知，空格处用动名词的被动语态，即being done，位于句首，首字母大写，因此空格处是Being
distracted。故填Being distracted。
能力提升
【浙江省Z20名校联盟2022-2023学年高三上学期第二次联考】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括
号内单词的正确形式。
词数：195话题：女性救援直升机飞行员——万秋雯
Wan Qiuwen has broken the glass ceiling to become one of China’s first two female rescue helicopter pilots who
respond all 24/7 to search and rescue tasks.
Wan and Song Yin, the only other female pilot, ___1___ (graduate) from Shanghai Maritime University in 2008 to
join Donghai No1 Rescued Flying Service of the Ministry of Transport.“___2___ (be) a search and rescue pilot is a high-
risk job. It is a big ___3___ (commit) and requires personal sacrifices ___4___ not many are willing to make. But I feel
lucky ___5___ proud to be a member of the great team,” Wan says. She was thrilled when she finally got the admission
___6___ the program and was sent to Adelaide, Australia, to train for 15 months, at the end of which she acquires ___7___
commercial pilot’s license. Back in the country, she received ___8___ (far) training in helicopter search and rescue.
Wan has since joined 300-plus ___9___ (mission) and has also taken up the role of a flight instructor. When
___10___ (ask) if she will continue to fly, Wan responded affirmatively,“This profession is about saving lives. A woman is
perfectly capable of being a rescue pilot, once and always.”
【答案】
1．graduated 2．Being 3．commitment 4．that##which 5．and 6．to##into 7．a 8．further 9．missions
10．asked
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了万秋雯——首批两名全天候响应搜救任务的女性救援直升机飞行员
之一和她作为女飞行员的经历及感受。
1．考查时态。句意：万和另外一名仅有的女飞行员宋寅，2008年毕业于上海海事大学，加入交通运输部东海第一
救援飞行服务队。根据句意分析句子可知，空格处是该句子的谓语部分；由句子的时间状语in 2008可知，句子应
该用一般过去时。故填graduated。
2．考查动名词。句意：搜救飞行员是一项高风险的工作。根据句意和所给be动词分析句子可知，空格处是该句
子的主语部分，所以应该用动名词being作主语。故填Being。3．考查名词。句意：这是一个巨大的责任，需要个人的牺牲，但很少有人愿意这样做。根据句意和所给动词
commit以及空格前的不定冠词a分析句子可知，空格处应该填入名词commitment的单数形式。故填commitment。
4．考查定语从句。句意：这是一个巨大的责任，需要个人的牺牲，但很少有人愿意这样做。根据句意分析句子可
知，空格后的部分是一个限制性定语从句，对先行词sacrifices进行限定说明，而该定语从句缺少宾语，所以空格
处应该填入关系代词which/that。故填that或which。
5．考查连词。句意：但能成为这个伟大的团队的一员，我感到幸运和自豪。根据空格前的形容词lucky和空格后
的形容词proud可知，空格处应该填入一个并列连词连接lucky和proud。故填and。
6．考查介词。句意：当她最终获得该项目的录取资格，并被派往澳大利亚阿德莱德接受15个月的培训时，她非
常激动，在培训结束时，她获得了商业飞行员执照。根据句意和空格前的名词admission可知，此处是考查名词
admission和介词to或into的搭配admission to/into(准许加入)。故填to或into。
7．考查冠词。句意：当她最终获得该项目的录取资格，并被派往澳大利亚阿德莱德接受15个月的培训时，她非
常激动，在培训结束时，她获得了商业飞行员执照。根据句意和空格后的单数可数名词license可知，空格处应该
填入不定冠词，表示泛指，commercial的发音是辅音音素开头。故填a。
8．考查形容词比较级。句意：回国后，她接受了直升机搜救方面的进一步培训。根据句意和句中的“back in the
country”可知，空格处应该填入形容词far的比较级形式further（更进一步的）作定语，修饰后面的名词training。
故填further。
9．考查可数名词单复数。句意：从那时起，万已经参加了300多次飞行任务，还担任了飞行教练的角色。根据句
意和所给可数名词mission以及空格前的300-plus可知，空格处应该填入mission的复数形式missions。故填
missions。
10．考查状语从句的省略。句意：当被问及她是否会继续飞行时，万肯定地回答说:“这个职业是为了拯救生命。一
个女人完全有能力成为一名救援飞行员，一次，永远。” 根据空格前的连词when和所给动词ask分析句子可知，
此处是考查状语从句的省略，根据状语从句省略的条件，该从句完整的形式是 When she was asked if she will
continue to fly，把主语和be动词省略后是When asked if she will continue to fly。故填asked。
真题感知
1.（2021全国甲卷）After _________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it
was time for some action.
【答案】spending
【解析】考查动名词。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动
了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处 After为介词，故spend应用其动名词形式作介词宾语。
故填spending。
2.（2021全国乙卷）Minimize the impact of _________(visit)the place.
【答案】visiting
【解析】考查动名词。句意：最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词 of可知，空格处应填动名词
形式来作介词of的宾语。故填visiting。
3.（2019新课标I卷）Scientists have responded by ___________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集)
around human settlements.
【答案】noting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词主动形式，故填noting。
4.（2019新课标II卷）A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for ___________（be）Britain's oldest
full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week.【答案】being
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。
5.（2018年浙江卷）I still remember ________ (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years
【答案】visiting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友，表示记得做过某事用remember doing
sth.，故填visiting。
6.（2020年山东卷）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine
themselves living at a different time in history or __________(walk)through a rainforest.
【答案】walking
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时
期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分，共同做imagine的宾补，imagine sb doing sth. “想象某人做
某事”。故填walking
7.(2018·北京)_________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience
【答案】Traveling
【解析】考查动名词。句意：沿着丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。“____ along the old Silk Road”做主语，
要用动名词，故填Traveling。
8.（2018新课标III卷）I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ___________(look) directly into his eyes so he
doesn't feel challenged.
【答案】looking
【解析】考查非谓语动词。第一空：avoid doing sth避免做某事，作宾语。故用动名词looking。
9．After________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall.
【答案】spending
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后。分析句子可知，介词After
之后缺少宾语。提示词为动词，需要用其动名词形式作宾语。故填spending。
6．Chinese workers once demonstrated their great efficiency in 2018. Incredibly, around 1,500 workers spent just nine
hours ________ (complete) the construction of a new train station in Fujian Province, southern China.
【答案】completing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：2018年，中国工人曾表现出极大的效率。令人难以置信的是，大约1500名工人
只花了9个小时就在福建省完成了一座新火车站的建设。“spend +时间+(in) doing sth.”意为“花……时间做某事”，
则设空处需用动名词形式completing，作被省略的介词in的宾语。故填completing。
7．As more young people grow frustrated with pressure, they say they want to give up conventional rites of passage, such
as ________ (get) married or having children.
【答案】getting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着越来越多的年轻人对压力感到沮丧，他们说他们想放弃传统的成年礼，比
如结婚生子。根据所给句子分析可知，此处such as 为介词短语，因此设空处为非谓语动词作介词后面的宾语，需
要动名词形式。故填getting。
8．He preferred reading books in the library to_________ (chat) on the Internet at home.
【答案】chatting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他宁愿在图书馆看书也不愿在家上网聊天。分析句子结构可知，prefer doing to
doing表示“宁愿做......也不愿做......”的意思，to是介词，所以后面跟动名词做宾语。故填chatting。9．At the music festival, he sang an French song in addition to __________ (play) Symphony No. 5 (Fate) 《命运交响
曲》.
【答案】playing
【解析】考查动名词。句意：在音乐节上，他除了演奏《第五交响曲》（《命运》）之外，还演唱了法国歌曲。in
addition to除了，to是介词，后接动名词作宾语，故填playing。
11．________ (have) a good teacher makes a big difference when you’re learning to drive. 【答案】Having
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你在学开车时，有一个好老师会有很大的不同。句子缺少主语，故用动名词
形式作主语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Having。
12．My dad and I are both looking forward to ________ (go) to the Beijing history museum.
【答案】going
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我爸爸和我都期待着去北京历史博物馆。look forward to “期待”，to为介词，
所以后面接动名词作宾语。故填going。
13．All too often, great words end up ___________(turn) into cinematic “turkeys”. (
【答案】being turned
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：很多时候，伟大的词汇最终都变成了电影中的“火鸡”。观察句子可知，end up
doing sth.固定短语，空处用动名词作宾语，根据句意可知，此处表示“被变成”，words与turn构成逻辑上的被动
关系，用动名词的被动语态。故填being turned。
14．Do you still remember ________(ask) the question by your kids?
【答案】being asked
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：你还记得你的孩子问过你这个问题吗？remeber to do sth.表示“记得要去做某
事”,remeber doing sth.表示“记得做过某事”；根据句意，指“是否记得被问过”应用remeber doing sth.结构，用
动名词作宾语，结合“by your kids”可知应用被动式，表示“被问过”。故填being asked。
15．The reporters are busy________(interview) the players before the game.
【答案】interviewing
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：记者们在赛前忙着采访运动员。be busy (in)doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“忙于做某
事”，故填interviewing。
