文档内容
Unit 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
4.1 Reading and Thinking
一.基础巩固 in ruins，instead of，fall down，come to an end，dig out，
I．单词拼写 in shock，blow away，as usual, be trapped in, as if/as
1. A local government-funded company was responsible for though
building the plant and it also built all the supporting facilities
1.When the young man _______________ the building，he
（设施） like roads, water and e________ supply.
felt very helpless.
2. Seasonal droughts are causing more and more d________,
2.Years of fighting has left the city ____________ (ruin)；it
threatening the sustainable development and people's well-
would take a lot of money to rebuild it.
being in the region.
3.In 2019, the Mekong River experienced its lowest water 3.The boy walked slowly __________he had hurt his leg.
level since records began because of d__________. 4.Cheer up！The world is not _______________!
4. Gao said that China has had no intention to "rock the boat" 5.The shelter might ____________ if it rains more heavily.
and/or d________ the global order. 6. ___________ being annoyed，he seemed quite pleased.
5. The little mistake r_________ his chance of getting the job. 7.I am 30 years old, so I often talk with my customers about
6. She decided to b_________ the secret deep within herself. _______________ Thirty (a popular TV series in China)
7. People who have just risen out of poverty can fall into 8.The survivors were _______________，wondering how
poverty again due to natural d_____, illnesses or other
long the disaster would last.
problems.
9.That day he went to work out in the gym ____________.
8. Rates of extreme poverty could rise to a___________ more
10.It was reported that an American couple had
than 1 billion people due to the pandemic in the world.
9. This summer, many places in China have been damaged by
_______________ a lot of gold coins from their own yard.
f___________ caused by heavy rains, with more than 63 IV.翻译
million people affected nationwide. 1.井壁上出现了很多深裂缝。
10. In the rescue mission in 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake,
_________________________________________________
Chen Lu searched for and r___________ those in need,
2鸡甚至连猪都太紧张而不能吃东西,狗也不愿意进楼里。
dragging injured legs and carrying equipment weighing over
30 kilograms. _________________________________________________
II.单句语法填空 _________________________________________________
1.The ___________ (injure) were sent to the nearest hospital 3. 仿佛世界末日即将来临！
right away after the accident. _________________________________________________
2.We were rescued ______ the sinking ship by a passing boat.
4. 在这次地震中死亡或严重受伤的人数达到40多万。
3.The big fire caused great damage ___________ the building
_________________________________________________
built last year.
4.What he told us was a ___________ story，which made us 5. 地震刚刚过去，部队派出了15万名战士奔赴唐山，将
all___________.(shock) 受 困 群 众 从 废 墟 中 挖 出 ， 并 掩 埋 死 者 。
5.When the comet（彗星） gets closer to the sun, the energy _________________________________________________
of the sun heats the comet, and gas and dust ___________
_________________________________________________
(eruption)from the surface of the comet, forming a huge dust
V.根据课文填空
tail, usually in yellow.
6.He was trying to save the girl _______ (trap) in the burning Several days before July 28,1976，many strange things
house. happened in Tangshan. They were signs for an earthquake.
7. I was so weak that even standing up was _______effort. But people 1. lived there didn’t think much of that. At
8. _________ (bury) himself in the newspaper，he didn’t
3∶ 42 am that day ， the earth began 2.
notice what was happening.
________(shake)，3. destroyed almost all the city in
9. He used to ___________(suffer) from the noise caused by
fifteen terrible seconds. People were 4. ____ shock. Later that
garbage trucks as well as bad smells.
afternoon,5. big earthquake shook the city again. Even 6.
10. China highly appreciates the ___________ (tire) efforts
(many) buildings fell down. Very soon the army sent a lot of
by the WHO.
soldiers to help，and teams were organized to dig out the 7.
III.短语填空
(trap) and to bury the dead.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂Many people, 8. (include) nurses and doctors， people must unify.
came to rescue those who were trapped under the ruins. 二、拓展提升
Slowly，things 9. (improve) and the city began to
breathe again. With the government’s support and the local Ⅰ.阅读理解
people’s tireless 10. (effort)，a new Tangshan was built
upon the earthquake ruins. It proves that in times of disaster，
A B. drive to a safe place quickly
C. take shelter under a tree
D. turn off electricity and gas immediately
The earthquake is one of the most common natural disasters.
It may cause great damage. So it is wise to learn some simple B
safety tips to protect yourself or your family members. Li Fangbo had a new companion while fighting
Fragile items like those made of glass are easily broken floods this year－a drone.
and should usually be placed on a lower surface，near As he drove a boat through the water on rescue
the ground instead of placing them on the cupboards operations, the drone（无人驾驶飞机） was flying
higher up. Never place them near your bed，sofas and overhead in a supporting role.
other furniture where you would be sitting or lying
"The drone is able to get into dangerous zones quickly
down. When there is a strong movement，these pieces
and detect whether there is anyone trapped and whether the
will fall on the floor directly and not on you.
rescue route is safe or not," said Li, a drone operator from the
There is a strong chance of short circuits(短路) and fire Wuhu in Anhui province.
during an earthquake. Make sure you turn off electrical
In addition to drones, a series of technologies have been
connections and gas immediately when an earthquake
applied in fighting floods this year in Anhui, which has saved
happens.
time and energy.
During an earthquake，lie beneath an object that is not
Ye Mingdong, who has been working at the front line of
easily damaged. Do not go near objects that could
flood control and drought relief for years in Dangtu county,
directly fall on you. Never use the elevator to go down.
Ma'anshan city, has seen the difference new technologies
Stay inside until the shaking stops and it is safe to go
have made while fighting floods this summer.
outside. Research has shown that most injuries happen
"In the past, telephones would keep ringing as flood
when people inside buildings try to go out. Use the staircases
control staff from the townships and villages called to ask
at all times.
about the real-time precipitation（降雨量) and water levels.
If you are outdoors，do not take shelter under a tree，
But this year, the automatic monitoring and reporting system
streetlights，electric poles or tall buildings. If you are
has helped gather key data at the rivers and lake gates," said
driving，stop your car and stay in a safe place. Do not
Ye, deputy director of the county's flood control and drought
park your car under a tree or any tall object.
relief office.
If trapped in debris(瓦砾堆)，cover your mouth with a The system, first applied during the flood season in
handkerchief or clothing. Tap on a pipe or the wall so 2018, gathers and transmits statistics every five minutes,
that rescuers can find you. Use a whistle if one is which makes real-time statistics available on the internet.
available. Never shout for help. Shouting can cause you There is also a wall of screens with signals from 70
to breathe in dangerous amounts of dust. Do not light a high-resolution cameras at the office, which offers real-time
match because you may burn yourself. Do not move about or views of levees（防洪堤） along the Yangtze River, high-
kick up dust. risk sections and important gates in the county.
1.The purpose of the passage is to tell readers . "We also have a helmet with a camera attached to it,
which can transmit real-time images from rescue sites to
A. the damage caused by earthquakes
B. the rescue work after earthquakes headquarters to help direct the rescue work," Ye said.
C. how to prevent earthquakes This monitoring network is part of China's efforts to
D. what to do about earthquakes apply big data and artificial intelligence in flood control.
2.The underlined word “Fragile” in Paragraph 2 probably According to Liu Zhiyu, an official with the Ministry of
Water Resources, it takes only 10 to 15 minutes to gather
means “ ”.
precipitation and water level data from all the 120,000 flood-
A. Easily found B. Easily broken forecasting stations across the country.
C. Expensive D. Heavy Statistics are considered key for flood control.
3.During the earthquake ， people are advised to "Abundant information on the precipitation and water
levels on the upper and lower reaches and the surrounding
. areas is necessary for fighting floods," Ye said.
1.What’s the drone can do help Li in the rescue?
A. go out of the building at once
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂A. detect trapped persons 12. A. time B. turn C. duty D. decision
B. drive a boat 13.A. Except for B. Together with C. Instead of D. Because of
C. fly overhead 14.A. Not at all B. Of course C. No way D. Never mind
D. fight floods 15.A. share B. offer C. learn D. choose
2.Which part is not included in the automatic monitoring and 16. A. crying B. eating C. smiling D. singing
reporting system ? 17.A. ways B. roles C. words D. promises
A. wall of screens 18. A. sure B. grateful C. surprised D. proud
B.70 high-resolution cameras along the Yangtze River 19.A. bought B. wasted C. prepared D. received
C. a helmet with a camera attached to it
20.A. disaster B. chance C. city D. center
D. a drone
3.What can you infer from the passage? III.短文填空
A. a drone can help rescue people when disaster happens. As far as I know，the heavy storm was one of the
B. the automatic monitoring and reporting system is a special
worst 1. (event) of the city. It hit the western part of the
network system used for recuing in the floods
city last night. The wind speed reached eighty kilometers per
C. Statistics are considered key for flood control.
D. big data and artificial intelligence has taken an important hour. The storm caused serious damage 2. at least two
part in flood control hundred homes. A great number of families 3. (be) left
.完形填空 homeless after the roofs of the houses were blown away.
Scenes of the disaster could be seen everywhere，which
The earthquake was over and the city was in ruins. made people 4. (frighten).
In Main Street，the city park was flooded completely.
I had no choice but to walk home as all the 1 had
Many cars 5. (destroy) completely by floodwater. One
stopped as a result of the quake. On my way home I 2 an
car owner without full insurance burst out 6. (cry).Some
old lady at a bakery shop giving out free bread，which made
cars were carried across the parking area and dumped(倾斜)
my heart 3 .A man was holding a sign saying，“Please use
into storm-water drains. In another block，a tree fell on a bus
our 4 .” He was 5 his house for people to go to the
7. was taking some football players to a
restroom.
game.8. (luck)，no one in the bus got 9. (injure).
My friend， 6 wanted to be of help to others，stood It was pleasing that the storm was finally at 10. end
in the cold with a sign “If you don’t 7 a motorcycle，I’ll after doing extreme damage.
be glad to drive you home.” And then I saw him pick up an IV. 写作
old man and drive him all the way to a faraway place!
假如你是高三学生赵刚，你与一名叫王林的灾区孤
The next day I drove to have my car 8 .There was
儿结对子给予帮助。为了和他成为朋友，并在学习上
not enough 9 now and many gas stations were either
给予他一定的帮助，请给他写一封信，信的内容包括：
closed or have very 10 lines. I got worried，since I was
1. 你个人的基本情况(年龄，爱好，特长，理想);
11 fifteen cars. Finally，when my 12 came，the man
2. 向他介绍你的学习经验(至少两条);
smiled and said，“ 13 this situation，we are only giving
3. 欢迎他到学校学习参观。
$30 worth gas per person. Is that alright？” “ 14 .It’s nice
注意：
that we are all able to 15 ，” I said. His smile gave me so
1. 词数100词左右;
much comfort.
2. 文章的开头和结尾已经给出;
At the escape center I saw a man 16 when people Dear Wang Lin,
brought food to him. It was the first time in three days that It’s really my pleasure to make friends with you. I’m…
food had been brought to their center. However，after he _____________________________________________
cleaned up the tears，his next 17 surprised me. “I am _____________________________________________
very 18 that we are provided with food. But people in the _____________________________________________
city next to us haven’t 19 any food at all. Please go to that _____________________________________________
center as well.” Hearing that，I realized there was a bright ____________________________.
future on the other side of this 20 .
Looking forward to your letter.
1.A. life B. business C. rescue D. traffic Best wishes.
2.A. noticed B. missed C. ignored D. caught
Yours,
3.A. kind B. broken C. warm D. empty
4.A. hotel B. toilet C. hospital D. house Zhao Gang
5.A. opening B. selling C. repairing D. building 诗欣赏
6.A.who B. whom C. which D. he
7.A. buy B. care C. matter D. mind 从军行 ARMY LIFE
8.A. used up B. taken up C. filled up D. washed away
Translated by Xu Yuanchong
9.A.gas B. information C. food D. water 王昌龄
Clouds on frontier have darkened
10.A. direct B. fine C. long D. thin 青海长云暗雪山，
mountains clad in snow;
11.A. behind B. between C. among D. beneath 古城遥望玉门关。
The town with Gate of Jade stands far
away, forlorn.
We will not leave the desert till we
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beat the foe,
Although in war our golden armour
be outworn.黄沙百战穿金甲， reporting system”总检测报告系统包括 视频墙和从黄河、
不破楼兰终不还。 高危部位、重点部位高分辨率摄像头传来的“汛情”。所以
这个系统包括A、B
从第九段“We also have a helmet with a camera attached to
it”可知，“我们”头顶有带有摄像头的头盔。所以这个系统
答案：
包括C。
故答案为D。
一.基础巩固 3.这是一道有关文章整体理解的题目，A、B是细节题。
“infer”题要从文章基本信息做出新的理解，就是 “If you
I．单词拼写
infer that something is the case, you decide that it is true on
1.electricity 2.damage 3.drought 4.destroy 5.ruined
the basis of information that you already have.”C是文章原句，
6.bury 7.disasters 8.affect 9.floods 10.rescued
没有“infer”一下。答案D是基于文章的“进一步理解”。故
II.单句语法填空 答案为D。
1.injured 2. from 3.to 4. shocking, shocked 5. erupt
.完形填空
6.trapped 7.an 8. Burying 9.suffer 10.tireless
III.短语填空 语篇解读：
作者所生活的城市遭受了地震。很多人的无私援助让
1.was trapped in 2.in ruins 3.as if/though
作者感到温暖，而一些难民的举动也让作者感到这个城
4.coming to an end 5.fall down 6.Instead of
市会有光明的未来。
7.Nothing But 8.in shock 9.as usual 10.dug out
1.答案 D
IV.翻译
解析 根据上下文可知，地震使得交通瘫痪，作者只能
1.There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls.
步行回家。traffic交通，故选D。
2.Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs
2.答案 A
refused to go inside buildings.
解析 作者在回家的路上注意到一位老太太在给大家分
3It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
发免费的面包。notice注意到，故选A。
4.The number of people who were killed or badly injured in
3.答案 C
the quake was more than 400,000.
解析 一位老太太在给大家分发免费面包，这个场景使
5.Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to
作者内心感到温暖。warm温暖的，故选C。
Tangshan to dig out those who were
4.答案 D
trapped and to bury the dead.
解析 根据后面的“his house for people to go to the
V.根据课文填空 restroom”可知，这个人让大家使用自己的房屋，给大家
1.who/that, 2.to shake, 3.which, 4.in, 5.another, 6.more, 提供方便。故选D。
7.trapped, 8.including, 5.答案 A
9.improved,10. Efforts 解析 此处指那个人打开自己的房屋给人们提供方便。
二、拓展提升 open打开，故选A。
6.答案 A
Ⅰ.阅读理解 解析 本句是非限制性定语从句，先行词是my friend，
关系词在定语从句中作主语。故选A。
A语篇解读: 7.答案 D
本文介绍了在地震来临时，如何做才能把损害降到最 解析 在寒冷的天气里乘坐摩托车是很冷的，所以此句
低。 句意为“如果您不介意乘坐摩托车的话，我会非常乐意把
1.答案 D 您送回家”。 mind介意，故选D。
解析 写作意图题。根据第一段最后一句可知，本文主 8.答案 C
要 解析 根据下文可知，作者去加油站给汽车加油。use up
介绍在地震来临时的一些安全方面的建议，告诉读者该 用完，耗尽；take up占据，从事；fill up充满；wash
怎么做。故选D。 away冲走，忘却。故选C。
2.答案 B 9.答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“like those made of 解析 根据后面的“many gas stations were either closed...I
glass are easily broken”可知，fragile意为“易碎的”。故选 got worried”可知，很多加油站没有足够的汽油了。gas汽
B。 油，故选A。
3.答案 D 10.答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Make sure you 解析 根据上下文可知，等待给车加油的人很多，排着
turn off electrical connections and gas immediately when an 长长的队。long长的，故选C。
earthquake happens.”可知，在地震发生时，要确保立即关 11.答案 A
掉电源和液化气。故选D。 解析 此处指作者排在15辆汽车之后，所以担心会没有
汽油。behind在……后面，故选A。
B篇阅读理解
12.答案 B
1.答案 A
解析 此处指轮到作者的车加油了。turn (依次轮到的)机
解析 从文章第三段“The drone is able to get into dangerous
会，故选B。
zones quickly and detect whether there is anyone trapped and
13.答案 D
whether the rescue route is safe or not……”，可知无人飞被
解析 句意为：鉴于目前的局势，我们为每个人只提供
用来探测被困人员和可行道路。故答案为A。
30美元的汽油，可以吗？ because of因为，故选D。
2. 答案 D
14.答案 B
解析 从文章第八段可知“the automatic monitoring and
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂解析 根据作者说的话可知，作者同意加油站人员的做 Welcome to our school if you have the chance. And I’ll show
法。of course当然，故选B。 you our school and my favorite books. Also I can play a piece
15.答案 A of piano music for you.
解析 每个人只可以加30美元的汽油，所以大家都可以
Looking forward to your letter.
分享一些，而不至于有些司机加不到油。share分享，故
选A。 Best wishes.
16.答案 A
Yours,
解析 根据后面的“However，after he cleaned up the tears”
Zhao Gang
可知，那个人感动得哭了。故选A。
17.答案 C
解析 后面引号中的内容是那个人说的话。words话语，
故选C。
18.答案 B
解析 句意为：我非常感激你们给我们送来食物。
grateful感激的，故选B。
19.答案 D
解析 句意为：但是，我们隔壁的城市的人们还没有收
到任何食物。receive接收，收到，故选D。
20.答案 C
解析 那个人的话语让作者感到这个城市的另一端会有
光明的未来。故选C。
III.短文填空
语篇解读:
文章主要记叙了一场暴风雨对当地城市造成的破坏。
1.答案 events
解析 此处为“one of＋名词复数”结构，表示“……中之
一”。
2.答案 to
解析 cause damage to对……造成损害。
3.答案 were
解析 “a great number of＋复数名词”作主语，谓语动词
用复数形式。短文叙述的是昨晚发生的事情，故用一般
过去时，故该空填were。
4.答案 frightened
解析 设空处在句中作宾语补足语，修饰people，表达人
们的心理感受，应用frightened。
5.答案 were destroyed
解析 根据全文语境可知该处应用一般过去时；主语cars
与destroy之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。
6.答案 crying
解析 burst out crying突然大哭起来，为固定搭配。
7.答案 that/which
解析 定语从句的先行词是bus，指物，从句中缺少主语，
故用that/which引导定语从句。
8.答案 Luckily
解析 设空处在句中作状语，修饰全句，应用副词作状
语。
9.答案 injured
解析 设空在句中作表语，指“受伤的”，应用injured。
10.答案 an
解析 at an end结束，是固定短语。
Dear Wang Lin,
It’s really my pleasure to make friends with you. I’m
Zhao Gang and I’m 17 years old. I like playing football and
reading. I’m good at writing and playing the piano. But I
really want to be a journalist after graduating from university.
To get good marks, firstly, think listening carefully in class is
most important. Then we should ask the teacher questions we
have in time. Finally, getting rich knowledge out of class is
also necessary. I hope the advice can help you in your studies.
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