文档内容
姓名： 班级
Unit 4
4.1 Reading and Thinking
一、基础巩固
一、根据要求完成句子
1. 单词拼写（共5小题）
1）More than seven million people have been affected by _________ （干旱）.
2）_________（洪水） waters washed away one of the main bridges in Pusan(釜山).
3）Volunteers formed a human chain to r________ precious items from the burning house.
4）Employees were urged to _________（撤出） their offices immediately.
5）They provided food and s_________ for the poor.
2. 用damage/destroy/ruin的正确形式填空（共6小题）
1）The earthquake ____________ almost the whole town.
2）You’ll ____________ your health if you go on like this.
3）The car was only slightly _____________ in the accident.
4）The Jiuzhaigou Valley Scenic and Historical Interest Area was severely ________ in the earthquake.
5）That one mistake _______ his chance of getting the job.
6）The building was completely _________ by floods.
【答案与解析】
1. 1)drought; 2)Flood; 3)rescue; 4)evacuate; 5)shelter
2.
1) 句意：地震几乎摧毁了整个小镇。根据句子可知，地震对小镇的影响是破坏性的，因而用
destroyed。
2) 句意：如果你继续这样下去的话，你会毁掉你的健康的。健康对我们有用，因而毁掉用ruin。
3) 句意：这辆车在这场事故中轻微受损。根据句意可知，该车受损不严重，因而用damaged。
4) 句意：九寨沟风景区在地震中严重受损。根据常识可知，九寨沟受影响严重，但是没有完全被
毁掉，因而用damaged。
5) 句意：一个错误就毁掉了他得到工作的机会。根据句子可知，获得工作对自己有利，因而机会
被毁掉，故用ruined。
6) 句意：这栋建筑物被洪水完全毁掉。根据句子 completely可知，建筑物被完全毁掉，故用
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二、语篇语法填空（共10小题）
The hurricane happened so quickly. I was siting in my room with my cat, Smartie, on my lap, 1 ．
the roof just flew off. All of 2 ． sudden, there was sky where the roof had been. The rain was
coming down hard and fast. Our street turned into a river in 3 ． ( second).
At first, I was 4 ． ( please) we could stay at home, but soon it got really tough. Without a
roof, staying inside was too dangerous. We just had drinking water that was sent 5 ． us by
helicopter, but it was never enough. I just 6 ． (spend ) the days watching the boats going up and
down the street and Smarie had disappeared the moment the storm hit.
Living in the open air, we became breakfast ，lunch and dinner for the mosquitos. But Mom
encouraged us 7 ． (see) the good side of things. We had lost our home and every thing，including
Smartie.
Although it was only a few days before we 8 ． ( rescue), it felt like months. We were taken to
another town. Thankfully, Smartie came home just in time.
Now, one year has passed and I'm back home in New Orleans. We have enough confidence to rebuild
our homes and our lives. Now we can 9 ． ( peaceful) watch the stars of New Orleans, their beauty
inspiring us and giving us 10． ( strong) to move on.
【答案与解析】
1. 考查连词。句意：我正在屋子里坐着， Smartie 在我的膝盖上坐着，这时屋顶突然就掉下来了。
此处为常用句式be doing sth. + when +其他，意为“正在做某事的时候突然发生了另外一件事情”。
故填 when。
2. 考查固定短语。此处为常用短语all of a sudden，意为“突然”。故填 a。
3. 考查名词复数。句意：我们的街道几秒种后就被水淹没了。提示词 second为可数名词，in
seconds意为“几秒钟后”。.故填 seconds。
4. 考查形容词。句意：刚开始的时候，我们能待在家，我感到很开心。was 是be动词，后面要加
形容词来形容人的心情，故填pleased。
5. 考查介词。句意：我们只有直升机给我们送来的饮用水。此处为动词短语 sth be sent to sb。 故
填 to。
6. 考查动词时态。句意：我整天看着船在街道起起伏伏。空格处作谓语，且是过去发生的动作，
要用一般过去时态。故填 spent。
7. 考查动词短语。句意：但是妈妈鼓励我们看到事物的光明面。此处 encourage sb to do sth，意为
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂“鼓励某人做某事”。故填 to see。
8. 考查动词被动语态。句意：但是几天之后我们才获救。空格处作谓语，是过去发生的动作，且
主语是动作的承受者，故用一般过去时的被动语态。主语是 we，故填 were rescued。
9. 考查副词。句意：现在我们可以平静地望着新奥尔良州的星星。分析句子结构可知，此处应用
副词修饰watch。故填 peacefully。
10. 考查名词。句意：他们的美激励着我们，给我们力量以继续前行。根据短语“give sb. sth.”可知，
空格处填写名词。故填 strength。
二、拓展提升
I.阅读理解
A
Natural disasters take many different forms and can happen without warning. Earthquakes, floods,
volcanoes, droughts, typhoons, and hurricanes are all natural disasters.
The earthquake of 26 December 2004 resulted in one of the worst natural disasters in living memory.
It was a massive underwater quake and occurred in the Indian Ocean. This caused a huge tsunami （海
啸）to cross the Indian Ocean. It destroyed coastlines and communities and brought death and destruction
to many people. The survivors needed fresh water, food and shelter as well as medical help. People from all
over the world gave money.
The surface of the Earth has not always looked as it does today; it is moving continuously （although
very slowly） and has done so for billions of years. This is one cause of earthquakes,when one section of
the Earth crashes with another. Scientists can predict where this might happen and the area between plates
is called a fault line. However, earthquakes do not always happen on Fault lines, which is why they are so
dangerous and unpredictable.
All the disasters are very dangerous and continue to kill thousands of people each year, but they are
nowhere near the most dangerous disaster to ever happen on earth. One type of event in the earth's history
has regularly killed millions of beings: asteroid （小行星）impacts （撞击）. About once every million
years the Earth is hit by a piece of rock and ice from space large enough to cause massive destruction
（including earthquakes, volcanoes and ice ages） and sometimes to kill entire species. Sixty-five million
years ago more than half the earth's species were killed by such a disaster, including all the dinosaurs（恐
龙）. Disasters on the Earth may seem dangerous, but the biggest threat to humans is likely to come from
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1．What did the world do when the tsunami occurred in the Indian Ocean?
A．They gave away money to the beggars.
B．They sponsored to help the people survive.
C．They donated their possessions to the survivors.
D．They helped rebuild the coastlines and communities.
2．What can scientists predict about earthquakes?
A．The possible time. B．The possible climate.
C．The possible place. D．The possible frequence.
3．Which is the best heading that matches Paragraph 3?
A．What do earthquakes destroy? B．Why do earthquakes happen?
C．How can we prevent earthquakes? D．Which is the most dangerous natural disaster?
4．Where does the author think the most dangerous natural disaster will come from?
A．Space. B．Earth. C．Humans. D．Wild animals.
【答案与解析】
1. 细节理解题。通过审题定位于第二段末尾：The survivors needed fresh water, food and shelter as
well as medical help. People from all over the world gave money.幸存者需要新鲜的水，食物和帐篷，
同时需要医疗救援。来自于全世界的人们都捐款了。从这里可以看出他们的幸存靠的是全世界人的
捐助和援助。这里sponsor是支援，赞助的意思，取其转义，捐助。因此B选项：They sponsored to
help the people survive.“他们捐助以帮助那里的人生存下来。”切合文意。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。审题得知：科学家可以预测地震的什么。定位于：Scientists can predict where this
might happen and the area between plates is called a fault line.科学家能预测哪里可能发生这些地震……。
故C选项：the possible place切合文意。故选C。
3. 推理判断题。审题得知，第三段最佳标题是什么。浏览信息得知：This is one cause of
earthquakes, when one section of the Earth crashes with another. 这是地震的原因之一，当地球的一部
分撞击另一部分时，产生地震。这里关键词为cause。然后下文讲科学家可以预测地震发生在什么
地方。这些都是在告诉我们产生地震的原因是什么。故最佳标题应该与这个有关。而 B选项：Why
do earthquakes happen?“为什么会发生地震？”切合文意。故选B。
4. 细节理解题。审题可以确定关键词信息为：the most dangerous natural disaster 和come from；因
此定位于整个文章最后一句：Disasters on the Earth may seem dangerous, but the biggest threat to
humans is likely to come from space.地球上的灾难也许看起来很危险，但对人类最大的威胁好像来自
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B
Right when I got out of the car, I had no idea where to go. I was used to walking through
the junior middle school doors and going to gather together with all my friends after a
thrilling summer, but that day was different. It was my first day of senior middle school and I
was about to go on an adventure.
I finally reached the classroom. I sat down, looked around and thought to myself, "I know
absolutely no one!" Then the bell rang and my teacher walked in. The first sentence that came
out of her mouth was, "So who has their summer reading assignment (作业) ?" and I sat there
in surprise. In junior middle school, on the first day, it's usually all about rules, rules, and
more rules!
Later throughout the day, I finally saw some of my friends and felt comfortable because
there were people I knew. I started to enjoy my classes, and I got to know my teachers a little
more. The lunchtime came and I was very hungry! But when I walked into the lunchroom, I
didn't know where to go. It was very large and students could enjoy not only delicious food
but also drinks like soda and orange juice. There were enough tables in the lunchroom but you
could sit outside.
There is a big difference between my junior middle school and senior middle school: we
have much more freedom. How great it is in senior school compared to junior school! In
class, we work together and have an amount of free time. At break time we can have our
phones out and won't get into trouble for it! The best part of all is that we can have any
electronic device (电子设备) out at lunch.
1. Why did the author feel surprised in her first class of senior high school?
A. Because the classroom was very big.
B. Because her teacher asked an unexpected question.
C. Because she was asked to make a self-introduction.
D. Because she saw some of her friends.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。由文章第二段 The first sentence that came out of her mouth was…and
I sat there in surprise. In junior middle school, on the first day, it's usually all about rules,
rules, and more rules! 可知，作者感到惊讶是因为老师提出了一个出乎他意料的问题。
2. What does the author think of her senior middle school life?
A. Busy. B. Satisfying. C. Boring. D. Hard.
答案：B
解析：观点态度题。作者在最后一段列举了高中生活的诸多好处，例如高中有更多的
自由，学生午餐时间可以携带电子设备等，由此可知作者应认为高中生活是令人满意
的。
3. What can we know about the author from the passage?
A. She made a lot of friends at her new school.
B. She walked to school on the first day of high school.
C. She was not familiar with the new school.
D. She liked to have lunch outside the lunchroom.
答案：C
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂解析：推理判断题。由文章第一段I had no idea where to go.及第三段But when I walked
into the lunchroom, I didn't know where to go.可知，作者对校园环境不熟悉。
4. What is this passage mainly about?
A.The author's first day at senior middle school.
B.The advantages of senior middle schools.
C.The author's most unforgettable experience.
D.The new people that the author met at school.
答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。本文作者主要向我们介绍了她在高中第一天的生活，由此可知答
案。
Ⅱ..完形填空
The Great Depression started in 1929 and lasted until about 1939.During that time，many
people lost their __21__.My parents were __22__ them.It was 1935 when I was 10 years
old.We still __23__on relief(救济)．
A few days before Christmas，I was washing the __24__ after dinner when I looked out
of a kitchen window and saw my father sitting on the stoop (门廊)，wearing a(n) __25__
face.A mailman saw him and asked him what was wrong.
I heard my father say that he had __26__ his food vouchers (票券) and that the __27__
had gone beyond the time limit.He had tried to work as a laborer through the Works Progress
Administration，but he __28__ because he wasn't a very __29__ man.The work was too hard
for him.I was __30__，having seen newspaper pictures of people being __31__ out of the
apartments with all their belongings.“How much do you need ？” the mailman asked
__32__.My dad said he needed $33 for the rent.Without thinking twice，the mailman took
out $50 from his wallet and __33__ it to my father.My dad said，“I don't know when I'll be
able to pay you back.” The mailman put an arm around my father and __34__ him by
saying，“Things will not be this way __35__.It doesn't matter __36__ you will pay me
back.”
The mailman __37__ me looking through the window and said, “There will be times in the
future when someone __38__ your help.I hope you and your son __39__ today.Help them in
your own __40__ and tell them what happened today.This will be my payback.Merry
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂Christmas！”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。美国大萧条时期，作者一家靠救济生活。有一天，父亲正
在发愁时，一位邮递员无私的资助使他们得以摆脱困境。
21．A.skills B．jobs
C．families D．houses
B [根据上文的 The Great Depression started in 1929 and lasted until about
1939.During that time，many people lost their...可知，经济大萧条时期很多人失去“工
作”。]
22．A.for B．against
C．among D．between
C [根据语境可知，作者的父母也在失业大军“当中”。]
23．A.lived B．decided
C．researched D．worked
A [根据语境可知，作者一家靠救济“生活”。]
24．A.shoes B．dishes
C．socks D．feet
B [根据下文的after dinner以及kitchen可知，作者晚饭后正在厨房洗“碗碟”。]
25．A.angry B．curious
C．confused D．anxious
D [根据下文的A mailman saw him and asked him what was wrong.可知，父亲脸色应该是
“忧虑的”。]
26．A.given out B．used up
C．carried away D．searched for
B [根据上下文对一家人生活状况的描述可知，父亲告诉邮递员他的食物票券已经“用完”
了。]
27．A.report B．homework
C．rent D．check
C [根据下文的My dad said he needed $33 for the rent.可知，这里指“房租”逾期。]
28．A.agreed B．failed
C．promised D．regretted
B [根据上文的 He had tried to work as a laborer through the Works Progress
Administration，but he...可知，父亲尝试通过这个组织找苦力活，可是他“失败”了。]
29．A.strong B．clever
C．helpful D．creative
A [根据上文的as a laborer以及下文的The work was too hard for him.可知，因为父亲
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂不是一个非常“强壮的”人。]
30．A.scared B．puzzled
C．lonely D．surprised
A [根据下文的．..having seen newspaper pictures of people being...out of the
apartments with all their belongings.可知，作者想象自己一家也会像报纸上描写的一样被赶
出来，所以很“害怕”那种情况的发生。]
31．A.taken B．figured
C．picked D．kicked
D [根据下文的．..out of the apartments with all their belongings.可知，没钱付租金
很可能就会被“赶”出住所。kick sb.out of a place意为“将某人赶出某地”。]
32．A.softly B．impatiently
C．excitedly D．slyly
A [根据语境可知，那位邮递员“温和地”问：“你需要多少钱？”]
33．A.returned B．pointed
C．showed D．handed
D [根据语境可知，那位邮递员毫不犹豫地从钱包里拿出50美元并将钱“递”给父亲。]
34．A.punished B．questioned
C．criticized D．encouraged
D [根据下文邮递员所说的话可知，那位邮递员搂着父亲并“鼓励”他。]
35．A.soon B．forever
C．completely D．finally
B [根据语境可知，眼前的艰难状况不会“永远”延续下去的。]
36．A.how B．whether
C．unless D．until
B [根据语境可知，那位邮递员说：“你还不还钱都没关系。”这里是 whether引导的主语从
句。]
37．A.stopped B．kept
C．noticed D．suggested
C [根据语境可知，那位邮递员“注意到”我一直从窗口看着他们。]
38．A.refuses B．supports
C．expects D．receives
C [根据语境可知，将来会有一天别人也“期待”你的帮助。]
39．A.remember B．miss
C．share D．record
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂A [根据语境可知，我希望你和你儿子“记得”今天。]
40．A.mind B．interest
C．time D．way
D [根据语境可知，用你们自己的“方式”帮助他们并告诉他们今天发生的一切，就相当于还
了这笔钱了。]
Ⅲ.七选五
主题∶人与社会（科学与技术）体裁∶说明文 话题∶太空用餐
【2021-2022广州四校高一期中】
How is dining in space different from eating on Earth?
Spacesuits? Check! Oxygen? Check! Water? Check!Are we forgetting something? Food! If you send
astronauts into space,you have to send along food as well. But what do astronauts eat, and how do they eat
it? _____1______
First， and possibly most important， is nutrition（营养）.Maintaining the astronauts' physical
health is a top task for any space mission. Providing junk foods to eat, such as potato chips, sodas, and
pizza, would make the astronauts feel unhealthy.
_____2_____ If the food that has been provided is distasteful, then the astronauts may avoid eating
it.If you've ever tried to concentrate on something important while your stomach doesn't feel well,you'll
know why the scientists in charge of a space mission want their astronauts to eat regularly.
The lack of gravity in a spacecraft also determines what foods can or cannot be eaten in space. Meals
must be packaged carefully so they won't spill into the cabin.Liquids or tiny bits of food could get inside a
machine or electronic device and damage it. ____3_______A loose knife bouncing（弹起）around inside
the cabin would be dangerous.
_____4_____ The weight of every object included in a spacecraft must be calculated in order to
ensure that there is enough fuel and power to carry the craft safely into space and home again.
_____5______ Most foods are stored in plastic bags, and often, the foods are dehydrated（脱
水）.When an astronaut is ready to eat, hot water is added to rehydrate the meal and warm it up.
Despite all these requirements,much of the food eaten in space is actually similar to what you might
eat on any given day.
A. Variety and taste are also important.
B. Finally,weight is an important concern.
C. Food packaging is made to be as light as possible.
D. Believe it or not,they also have fresh fruits and vegetables.
E. Nutrition and practicality are important things to consider.
F. For the same reason sharp utensils are never used onboard.
G.Scientists take several factors into consideration as they plan meals for space.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。在太空吃饭和在地球吃饭有何不同?短文介绍了科学家在计划太空
用餐时考虑了几个因素。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂1. G 根据上文"But what do astronauts eat，and how do they eat it?”可知，选项承接上文，
再根据下文的几个因素可知，选项总起下文。故“科学家在计划太空用餐时考虑了几个因素"切题，
factors 呼应下文的几个具体因素。
2.A 根据下文“If the food that has been provided is distasteful，then the astronauts
may avoid eating it.”可知，如果提供的食物不可口，宇航员可能会不吃。由此可知，本段在说
明食物种类和口味很重要。故“食物种类和口味也是很重要的"为本段的主题句。
3.F 根据上文“Liquids or tiny bits of food could get inside a machine or electronic
device and damage it”可知，液体或食物残渣可能会进入机器或电子设备并损坏它。选项承接上
文说明“出于同样的原因，宇宙飞船上从不使用锋利的器具”，且呼应下文"一把松动的小刀在船
舱里乱跳是很危险的"。sharp utensils are never used onboard 呼应 be dangerous。
4.B 根据下文“The weight of every object included in a spacecraft must be calculated
in order to ensure that there is enough fuel and power to carry the craft safely into
space and home again."可知，必须计算航天器中每一个物体的重量，以确保有足够的燃料和动力
将航天器安全地送入太空和返回家园。由此可知，本段说明另一个考虑因素是重量。故B选项"最
后，重量是一个重要的问题”切题。
5.C 根据下文“Most foods are stored in plastic bags，and often，the foods are
dehydrated."可知，大多数食物都储存在塑料袋里，而且通常都是脱水的。这说明食物的包装做得
尽可能轻。light 呼应plastic bags，dehydrated。
Ⅳ.语法填空
The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that 1.___________(crash) into
coastlines across Asia yesterday,2. ___________(kill) more than 6,500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand,
Malaysia, and at least four 3.________________countries.
Fishermen ， tourists, hotels, homes, and cars were swept away by huge waves
4._____________(cause) by the strong earthquake that reached a magnitude of 9.0. The undersea quake
5.___________(strike) around 7:00 a.m., Sunday 6.______________the west coast of Indonesia’s; Sumatra
Island.
In Sri Lanka, some 1,600 kilometres west of the quake centre, the number of deaths stood at 2, 498, and
one million more ________________7.(affect) by the tsunami, government officials said. Indian officials
said as many as 1,900 had been killed along the southern coast.
Thousands of people are still missing, and the number of deaths is expected to grow even
8.____________(high) over the next few days. Foreign aid is being organized for the tsunami-hit countries.
9._______________, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult
10._______________(deliver) food and supplies.
1. 【答案】crashed
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂【解析】考查一般过去时态。
2. 【答案】killing
【解析】考查现在分词做状语，根据句意表示海啸导致的结果。
3. 【答案】 other
【解析】考查代词。four other countries 四个其他的国家。
4. 【答案】caused
【解析】先行词是huge waves，根据后面的by得出，用过去分词短语作后置定语。
5. 【答案】struck
【解析】考查一般过去时态。
6. 【答案】 off
【解析】考查固定短语。Off the coast of 在西海岸
7. 【答案】were affected
【解析】考查时态和语态。根据提示词by和语境分析得知答案。
8. 【答案】higher
【解析】考查比较级。Even修饰比较级。
9. 【答案】However
【解析】考查副词。根据句意此处表示转折关系。
10【答案】 to deliver
【解析】考查固定短语。make it +adj+ to do sth
V.书面表达
假设你是李华，是校英文报“环球实事”栏目组的小编辑，日本发生了连续的地震，请根据下
列要点写一篇报道。
内容包括：
1．地震的基本信息：
前震：2016年4月14日晚上21点26分；震源深度11千米。
主震：2016年4月16日凌晨1点25分；震源深度10千米。
2．伤亡情况：至少40人死亡、上千人受伤、大量建筑倒塌起火、许多人搬出他们的家。
3．祝愿灾区早日重建。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：前震foreshock；主震main shock
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[参考范文]
The Japan earthquakes are a series of earthquakes，including a main shock which
struck at 1：25 a．m.on April 16,2016，at a depth of about 10 km，and a foreshock
earthquake at 9 ：26 p ．m.on April 14,2016 ，at a depth of about 11 km.The two
earthquakes killed at least 40 people and more than one thousand people got
injured.With so many buildings falling down and catching fire，a great number of
people have moved out of their homes.We hope that people in the disaster area can lead
a normal life and have their beautiful homes rebuilt soon.
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