文档内容
2023 年高考英语完型填空高分技巧
(解析版)
目录
(解析版).........................................................................................................................................1
一、 解题核心思维:.......................................................................................................................2
二、 单词不认识怎么办?...............................................................................................................4
1、文中单词不认识...................................................................................................................4
2、 题干上的单词不认识.........................................................................................................4
训练两个习惯.......................................................................................................................4
三、 词性解题法...............................................................................................................................4
1、动词题...........................................................................................................................4
2、名词题...........................................................................................................................8
3、形容词、副词.............................................................................................................10
4、连词题.........................................................................................................................12
5、短语题.........................................................................................................................16
四、 篇章结构解题法.....................................................................................................................19
1、文章U型结构解题....................................................................................................19
2、 分段首句出题...........................................................................................................20
3、 议论文和说明文(首段为文章中心)..................................................................20
4、 记叙文:花朵文(传播主旋律、价值观、正能量)..........................................20
五、 特殊句型解题法.....................................................................................................................28
①主系表结构解名词和形容词题...................................................................................28
②宾补解形容词题...........................................................................................................29
③被动句解动词题...........................................................................................................29
六、 答案检查大法.........................................................................................................................30
1、答案均分规律.....................................................................................................................30
2、答案相连概率.....................................................................................................................305、 反义选项二选一...............................................................................................................30
七、 高考真题.................................................................................................................................32
1. 2023年2月四省联考..........................................................................................................32
2. 2023年1月浙江卷..............................................................................................................36
3. 2022年新高考1卷..............................................................................................................39
4. 2022年新高考2卷..............................................................................................................43
5. 【2021年6月新高考1卷】..............................................................................................47
6. 【2020·山东卷】................................................................................................................50
解题核心思维:
一、
每一个问题都是有根据的
【解答步骤】
①要求学生阅读并翻译每一句话,并在空白处找出答案;
②不存在题目的全句,必然与题目有关;
③完形填空法的解答受到“滞后原则”的制约,选择简单的,可以先填写,无法确定的,
可以将其搁置一旁,只有看完最后的重点,才有可能解决问题!(也就是说,所有的问题,
都有一个共同的答案:反之亦然;最有可能的是,在解决问题之前,先把题目放在一
边。)
【解题原理】倪萍逻辑
今年的春节联欢晚会突出了 的主题
A. 喜庆 B.团圆 C.团聚 D.联欢
【消除解惑】为什么选A不选B?
因为A有线索和依据,而B没有
因为A的线索和依据比B多【解题思维训练】使用箭头标记法
【例句1】 江苏卷
Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a journey, they caught sight of an
old hiker's (徒步旅行者) guide.
A. bus B. walking C.rail D.business
【解析】考查名词。根据下文徒步旅行者可知,他们想要来一段徒步旅行。business商业,
walking行走、徒步,bus公交车,rail铁路。故答案选B。
【例句2】2015安徽卷
Thanks to modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology, companies are able to produce
products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and 6 .
A.safe B.funny C.cheap D.powerful
【解析】考查形容词辨析。A安全的 B滑稽的 C便宜的 D 强有力的 根据
“inexpensively"可知,成本降低的话,产品价格相对也会降低。 选C
【例3】2014重庆卷
In Asia, one also be cautious about expressing emotions. Getting angry in Southeast Asia just
makes you look silly. In some countries it is _35_ to kiss in public.
A. natural B. advisable C. unwise D. unnecessary
【解析】考察形容词辨析以及上下文理解。A自然的;B明智的,可取的;C不明智的;D
不必的;本段讨论的是在一些国家里要很谨慎地表示自己的情感。那么亲吻也是不明智的
因为这也是一个表示情感的方法。故C正确。
蒙题法或检查大法:BC是反义选项二选一。
二、单词不认识怎么办?
1、文中单词不认识
①动词不认识: 翻译成“搞、整、弄、干”②名词不认识:翻译成“东西”
③形容词、副词不认识:直接划掉( 这3个必须认识,否定词hardly/rarely/sedom几
乎不)
2、题干上的单词不认识
①一个单词不认识,三个单词认识:先从三个单词中选择,如果百分百确定不是这三个
单词,就用排除法:选择那个不认识的单词。
②两个单词不认识,两个单词认识:原理同上。
训练两个习惯
习惯一、如果不会做,就要憋住。
完型填空的答案受“滞后原则”的影响,简单的答案,可以先填,拿不准可以先放
下,看到后面关键信息,可能才能解题!
习惯二、圈圈法:任何一个题目必有依据。
(使用箭头标记法)每一句都必须读,都必须翻译,解题点在没有划线的句子里。
三、词性解题法
1、动词题
动词题方法总述
方法一:看主语,看并列,看搭配
方法二:前后呼应
方法一
(1) 看主语:看主语是人or 物 ,此主语能不能发出这个动作?
(2) 看宾语:宾语是人or 物 ,宾语能不能承受这个动作 (难点:宾语从句,可以看
翻译,也可以看时态)
(3)看搭配:看需要及物动词还是不及物动词,判断的依据是横线后有没有介词。【例1】全国1卷
I ______(16) twelve shades of green from where I stand.
A.match B.imagine C.count D.add
【解析】作者站的地方,就能“数出”12种不同的“绿色”。shade是指颜色的“浓淡深
浅”。后面的“twelve shades... ”对应选C项count(数...的数目)。
【例2】全国1卷
However, I soon 5 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 6 among
tons of rubbish.
A.discover B.argue C.decide D.advocate
【解析】考查动词辨析。A. discover发现;B. argue争论;C. decide决定;D. advocate提
倡。句意:然而,我很快发现,自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出
现以来,情况发生了很大的变化。由 "much has changed" 可知,作者发现了很大的变化。
故A选项切题。
【例3】全国2卷
Each day, 27 kids “The Thinking Laboratory.”
A. built B. entered C. decorated D. ran
【解析】考查上下文联系。根据空格前的teaching elementary school以及空格后的Room
104可知,是进入了(enter)这个房间。build建造;decorate装饰;run跑。
方法二:
前后呼应:如果前面的方法都不能解题,就用“前后呼应”解题。
【例4】重庆卷
In some Middle Eastern countries, exposing your flesh is 33 , especially if you are a woman.So
leave your tom jeans at home.
A. forbidden B. allowed C. expected D. tolerated
【解析】A 考察动词词义辨析和上下文串联。A禁止;B允许;C期待;D容忍;句意:
在一些中东国家,暴露皮肤是禁止的,尤其是女性。根据句意可知A正确。
蒙题法或检查大法:AB是反义选项二选一。【例5】浙江卷
When I got into college, things __40__. I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time.
Because of all......
40.A. happened B. repeated C. changed D. mattered
【解析】考查动词。根据下文I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time.可知,作
者上大学后发现自己上午没课,与中学时情况大不一样,故应为changed。因此选C。
难点1:双主语和双宾语
【例6】山东卷
Excitement and family members__1__the hall.
A. filled B. visited C.decorated D. attended
【解析】本句句意应为 "家人们挤满了演出大厅,大厅里充满了兴奋的情绪" ,表示 "充
满、挤满" 用filled。
【例7】北京卷
Not only was I stronger and more competent than I had thought, but I also 16 a strong
interest and a world I hadn't known existed.
A.developed B.discovered C.took D.fostered
【解析】考察动词。发现了一项爱好和一个未知的世界,选 discovered. 迷惑项是
developed , 这个词可以与interest 连用表示形成了某种爱好,但是不可以与world连用表
示"形成一个未知世界,"故排除。Take interest 取利,foster 培养,均不合适。
难点2:过程和结果的区别
manage和其它词(如try attempt)
persuade和其它词(如advise suggest demand)
find和其它词(seek search look for)
【例8】新课标二
Joe __33_____ into a large crevasse(裂缝)in the ice below. He had no food or water and hewas in terrible pain. ......Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe’s voice. ...... Joe
was there, a few meters from their tent, still alive.
A. managed B. planned C. waited D. hoped
【解析】A. 考查动词辨析及语境理解。A. managed管理; B. planned 计划;C. waited 等
待;D. hoped 希望。从下文可知Joe成功的爬回营地,活了下来。
【例9】安徽卷
Arriving in the Sunshine State was rather tiring, but I 38 to catch a taxi to my accommodation
and settle in.
A intended B.promised C.managed D.deserved
【解析】考查动词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是:A.打算,意图,B.答应,许诺,C.设法,
管理,D.值得,应该得到,根据上文的:Arriving in the Sunshine State was rather tiring:可知
到达这个阳光之州是非常疲劳的,但是我还是设法赶上了一辆出租车,到我的目的地,安
定下来,manage to do设法成功的做了……,所以选C。
【例10】福建卷
When he retired three years ago, he __46__ his church music director to take him as a
student.......For a moment after my father sat down at the keyboard,...
46.A.allowed B.invited C.inspired D.persuaded
【解析】他说服教堂音乐主管收他为学生。persuade sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事。Allowed
允许;invited邀请; inspired 鼓舞;persuaded说服。
【例11】江苏卷
She changed many things. She 9 my father to go to a dental school, from which he graduated
with honors.
A.begged B.persuaded C.ordered D.invited
【解析】选B继母把我父亲说服了去上一个牙科学校。2、名词题
名词题方法总述
方法一:前后呼应(90%)
方法二:修饰成分(10%)
做名词题的优先级:先看修饰成分;再看前后呼应。
方法一、前后呼应 (90%)
①文中看到the apple, 呼应点在前面。(根据a和the的呼应关系)
②横线的前面,即名词前没有a,也没有the,呼应点可以前,可以后。
【例1】全国1卷
This view is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as ( 1 3) go through five ecosystems(生态系
统)in the space of a few kilometers.
A.scientists B. climbers C.locals D. officials
考查名词复现。来到乞力马扎罗都是为了登山,也只有登山者能体验到五个生态系统。故
B项climbers入选。
【例2】山东卷
There was a pet store and the owner had a parrot. One day a 1 walked in and the parrot said to
the man ,“Hey you!” The man said, “What!?” The parrot said, “Your wife is really ugly.”
A. group B. team C. couple D. crowd
【解析】考查推断。从后文your wife.可知答案选couple.
【例3】天津卷
I learned this lesson from a(n) __17__ many years ago. I took the head coaching job at a school in
Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program.
A. experiment B. experience C. visit D. show
【解析】考查名词。根据句意,许多年前,我从一个经历里学到这个道理。A为实验,B
为经历,C拜访,D节目。因此选B。【例4】全国2卷
In 1973, I was teaching elementary school.Each day, 27 kids entered “The Thinking
Laboratory.”That was the 42 students voted for after deciding that “Room 104” was too
dull .
A. name B. rule C. brand D. plan
【解析】考查上文语境。根据空格前的The Think Laboratory 可知这是Room 104的名字
(name)。rule规则;brand品牌;plan计划。
方法二、修饰成分(相关成分)10%
(+介词短语)
(+to do/ doing/ done)
(+定语从句)
【例5】全国3卷
The post has since gained the __60__ of social media users all over the world, receiving more than
184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days.
A. sympathy B. attention C. control D. trust
【解析】根据receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days可知,这个
帖子收到了来自世界各地很多人的分享和点赞,帖子获得了很多的关注,因此选
attention。故选B。
【例6】全国1卷
...the absolute most important 56 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good
decisions .
A fact B step C manner D skill
【解析】考查名词辨析。fact事实;step脚步;manner礼仪;skill技巧。根据句意,你在
下棋的时候学会的最重要的技巧是如何做出好的抉择。故答案选D。3、形容词、副词
形副方法总述
方法一:感情色彩一致性
方法二:前后呼应
做形容词副词题的优先级:先扫一眼选项,有正负的话,就不要
先带入,先判断感情色彩的正负。如果感情色彩一致,就用方法二。
方法一:感情色彩一致性。
①上下文色彩 ②中心色彩 ③连词色彩变化
方法二:前后呼应法
【例1】全国1卷
Hearing these stories, I'm 4 about the place—other destinations are described as "purer"
natural experiences.
A.silent B.skeptical C.serious D.crazy
【解析】考查形容词辨析。A. silent沉默的;B.skeptical怀疑的;C. serious严肃的;D.
crazy疯狂的。听到第一段说的故事,我对于这座山是持什么态度呢?破折号后的other
destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences是在解释破折号前面内容。 由此可知,
听到这些故事,我对这个地方产生了怀疑——其他旅游地被描述为 "更纯粹" 的自然体验。
由下文可知,作者亲自来到了乞力马扎罗山,作者想解开这个怀疑。故B选项切题。
【例2】新课标
...... they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52
until the emergency personnel arrived,...and she should not move...
A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm
【解析】考查形容词。根据本段末句she should not move可知,Larry让这名女士不要动。
Quiet 安静的;still不动的;away远离的;calm沉着的;故选 B。【例3】天津卷
It was a tradition for the school’s old team to play against the __19__ team at the end of spring
practice. The old team had no coach, and they didn’t even practice to prepare for the game.
19. A. successful B. excellent C. strong D. new
【解析】考查形容词。根据句意,在春季训练结束后老队伍对垒新队伍是这个学校的传统。
由第三段第三行Being the coach of the new team可知应选D。
注意:感情色彩的方法同样适用于某些特殊的名词题,这些名词通常由形容词转化而来。
如happiness,sadness,excitement等。
【例4】全国三卷
In her __48__, she didn’t seem to realize that she was sharing the baby’s photos with a complete
stranger.
A. opinion B. anxiety C. excitement D. effort
【解析】根据上文overjoyed grandmother可知,当了祖母的Teresa非常激动,因此
excitement符合语境。故选C。
4、连词题
(1)两种考法:
①考察连词(填连词)。
第1步:翻译上句,翻译下句。 第2步:判断上下句一致 or 相反。
(思考顺序:转折和递进,→因果,→并列)
②文章中给连词。(可用该连词题来解动词,名词等)
第1步:判断连词的一致性或相反性。 第2步:在相应的关系下,进行选择。(2)连词的两种关系
转折关系
1. although though even though even if while
but yet however whereas——但是 still 仍然 as
钱包丢了,但是我很高兴 = 钱包丢了 , 我still很高兴。
2. unless (除非)
你考不上大学, 除非 你好好学习。
3. 祈使句+or ((否则))
好好学习,or 你考不上大学,
4. 时间先后提示逻辑上的相反关系before after
不好好学习, 我考上了好大学。
你不能从图书馆借书, 你有图书卡。 (unless, after)
5. rather than (而不是)
我们喜欢好学生, 坏学生。
6. adj. adv. ing/ ed +as+主语+ 系动词
(Young as he is... 虽然他很年轻)
最容易错误的几个关系。
1、instead:一致关系
上下句含有反义词的一致关系。
赵老师没有放弃, 赵老师更加努力。
2、in fact 事实上: 一致 or 相反赵老师没有放弃, 赵老师更加努力。 (一致)
赵老师很难看, 他没有那么难看。 (相反)
关于and与but
A and B
①and连接句子,是一致关系,着重考虑两个动词的顺序感。
②and前后是单词或短语,可以是一致,也可以是相反(同义、近义和反义词)
【举例】探讨一下手机的利and 弊,/ 得and失
but前后
一定相反关系。但是需要填的词,可能是可能是同义,可能是反义。
原句:小王养金鱼,但是(but)小李不养金鱼。
题1:小王养金鱼,但是(but)小李 。 (填入的“不养金鱼”和“养金鱼”
相反)
题2:小王养金鱼,但是(but) 不养金鱼。 (填入的“小李”和“小王”相近)
【例1】 北京卷
She had an unpleasant voice and a direct way of speaking, 1 she was encouraging and
inspiring.
A.and B.yet C.so D.for
【解析】考察连词及句子理解。前面unpleasant voice 和 direct way of speaking是消极意向,
后面encouraging 和 inspiring是积极意向,因此需填转折连词,四个选项中A表并列,C表结
果,D表原因,只有B选项yet表转折。
【例2】 全国卷
I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 58 , if there had been any talking, it would
have caused us to learn less.
A.Lastly B.Thus C.Instead D.However【解析】考查连词辨析及语境理解。A. Lastly最后,B. Thus因此,C. Instead代替的是,D.
However然而。根据上下午文意思,instead和was not unpleasant对应。不是不开心的,而
是有帮助的。故选C。
【例3】 辽宁卷
Then I told her about the business meeting.__47__,my explanation seemed to make things
worse,which started to drive me mad as well.
A.However B.Therefore C.Moreover D.Otherwise
【解析】A考查副词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是:A.然而,B.因此,C.还有,D.否则,
根据下文的内容,my explanation seemed to make things worse,作者的解释让事情更糟,所以
和前面的句子是转折关系,所以选A。
【例4】 新课标
I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated,
he was 38 ahead of me.
A.still B. also C. yet D. just
【解析】考查副词辨析。“我心想,没有手臂,他更像个领袖。”still仍然;also也;yet
然而、还没;just刚刚、仅仅。Damaged but not defeated,Miller虽然受伤了,但不会被打
败,作者认为Miller仍然是最强的,故选A。
【例5】 全国三卷
When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say
"sorry, wrong number!" and move on. But when Dennis Williams __42__ a text that clearly
wasn’t intended for him, he did something __43__.
42.A. received B. translated C. copied D. printed
【解析】根据文章下文Dennis got a group text可知,丹尼斯收到了一条群发短信,receive
与get在此意思相同。故选A。
【例6】天津卷
Now I may still not be the most 18 , social person, but I've become better at oralpresentations. I 19 read my poetry out loud at a reading club.
A.serious B.outgoing C.nervous D. hardworking
【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据文章,现在我的性格可能不是最为外向的那个,因此用
outgoing
【例7】全国一
Yet instead of being discouraged by my 54 progress,I was excited.
A. slow B. steady C. normal D. obvious
【解析】考查形容词辨析及语境理解。A. Slow慢的, B. Steady稳定的,C. Normal正常
的,D. Obvious明显的。根据上文作者仅仅学会对手语字母表打手势,因此是缓慢的进步,
故选A。
【例8】天津卷
That summer, When the other teams enjoyed their vacations , we met every day and
__28__passing and kicking the football.
28. A. risked B. missed C. considered D. practiced
【解析】考查动词。根据句意,我们每天都聚集在一起并且练习传球和踢球。A冒险,B
错过,思念,C考虑,认为,D练习。因此选D。
【例9】天津卷
I felt that it would be a __31__for us even if we lost the game.
A. shame B. burden C. victory D. favor
【解析】考查名词。根据句意,最终我们遇到了这个州的第一名。我觉得即使我们输掉了
比赛,对我们而言也是一个胜利。A羞愧,B负担,C胜利,D帮助,喜好。因此选C。
【例10】北京卷
Sometimes I’d get 45 and take a shot at the wrong direction—which made me feel really
stupid.
A.committed B. motivated C. embarrassed D. confused【解析】考查形容词。我们看到下文中出现了wrong和 stupid这两个明显表示负态度的形
容词,因此可以排除A(坚定的)、B(有动力的)D(困惑的)都属于负面态度。根据语
境,考虑到动作的顺序,“我”应该是先感到困惑,然后投篮投错了方向,而不是先感到
尴尬,再投错方向,因此选D。
5、短语题
(1)短语题的定义
【形式】核心理解:动词+介词/副词
短语题定义:不等于两部分的简单叠加,一定要发生变化。
【注意】介词/副词在动词短语中表示“方向或关系”。高效率的背词组,按介词和副词来
背。
go to cut down 不是短语题中的短语,cut up是短语,因为cut up(切碎)≠cut+up
(2)解题步骤
第1步:翻译空格前后的内容,猜测此处的最佳汉语意思。(穷尽原则)
第2步:看各个选项中的介词or 副词,看哪个副词 or介词能够反映最佳汉语意思。 (最
起码要做到不矛盾,排除干扰选项1-2)
第3步:看选项中的动词,看哪个动词能够反映最佳汉语意思。
(3)必备知识:各个介词的含义 (8个)
带ON词组: 带OFF 带OUT UP
持续,继续,在某方 分离,结束,开始 向外,超越, 向上,到达,出现
面,关于,接触。
set off(开始动手) 发生,出现,
get on (get off) put
为什么结束和开始, 出来,开始
on (put off)
哲学的角度:一件事
情的结束,就是另外一件事情的开始。
Over for to/ toward against
结束,超越;贯穿和 支持;为了; 持续 到达;相对 反对;相对,对应
经历
up down
on off
for agaist
at to
over out
【例1】全国1卷
I idea of the class......
A put forward Bjump at Ctried out Dturn down
第1 步:我产生,出现,提出,蹦出,涌现出一个想法
第2步:看副词和介词:ABC可以。
第3步:看动词:B选项
【例2】北京卷
At the state competition, Lola didn‘t fall __47__ the beam(平衡木). In fact, she got an 8.1 out
of 10 ——— her highest score yet.
A. to B.on C.off D.against
【解析】小女孩没有掉下来,而fall off意为“从…掉下来”。
【例3】江苏卷
Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment. Their
savings had been 36 to pay lawyers’ fees.
A. drawn up B. used up C. backed up D. kept up
【解析】考查动词短语。根据上下文可知他们的钱全部用来付律师费了。used up用光、用
尽,drawn up拉起,backed up支持,kept up继续。故答案选B。【例4】天津卷
Kate heard a man's voice in the background, but she couldn't what he was saying.
A.set aside B.take back C.make out D.keep off
【解析】本题考查动词词组辨析。句意: 凯特听到背景中有一个男人的声音,但她听不清
他在说什么。set aside“存储,留出”; take back“收回,拿回”;make out“辨认出,理
解,了解”; keep off“(使)避开”。故选C。
如果仅仅凭借动词就可以做出来的题目,就认为是动词题,不作为动词短语题来解答
【例5】天津卷
The old team had no coach, and they didn’t even practice to __20__ the game.
A. cheer for B. prepare for C. help with D. finish with
【解析】考查动词词组。根据句意,老队没有教练,他们甚至不练习去为这个比赛做准
备。A欢呼,B准备,C帮助,D结束。因此选B
四、篇章结构解题法
1、文章 U 型结构解题
记叙文: 两种类型——U型,直线型
U型:首段提出问题------中间经过困难和挫折---最后皆大欢喜或者有教育意义
全国二卷(中间段)
Getting a little (closer), I realized one kayak(皮划艇) was in __47__. "Something’s not
__48__!"
47. A. trouble B. advance C. question D. battle
48. A. real B. right C. fair D. fit
【解析】47题考查名词。根据后文作者出手相救,可知这只皮艇此时有危险,因此选A。
48题考查形容词。因为感觉有危险,因此说的是情况不对了,选B。天津卷(最后一段)
A year later, I 19 my goal: I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000! I feel that I've been given a
second life to devote to something that is 20 and enormous.
19.A. set B. reached C. missed D. dropped
20.A. stressful B. painful C. meaningful D. peaceful
【解析】19题考查动词。文中意为到达目标,应该用reach the goal,故选B。
20题考查形容词。文中"I feel that I've been given a second life to devote to something that is
and enormous" 我感觉我被赋予了第二次生命来致力于有意义并且大的事情。A紧张的,B
痛苦的,C有意义的,D和平的,故C符合题意。
2、分段首句出题
分段首句出题,除了采用词性解题法外,还有一种选择可以采用总分对照法,即整段其他
题目做完后,再总结。
【例1】全国1
The following term, I 56 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was
p rohibited . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.Instead, if there had been any
talking, it would have caused us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the new
way of communication it opens.
56. A. missed B. passed C. gave up D. registered for
【解析】考查动词辨析及语境理解。A. Missed错过, B. Passed通过,C. gave up放弃,
D. registered for报名。根据下文作者报名参加了这个课程。故选D。
3、议论文和说明文(首段为文章中心)
解此类文章的三个技巧:
①文章首段首句一般不出题(文章中心)。*如果出题,也是后半句:如果不是中心,会有一个but,根据逻辑关系可以推出。
②分段首句出题:①总分对照(看首首+看后面);②看后文。
③任何一题不会做,回过头来看首句。
4、记叙文:花朵文(传播主旋律、价值观、正能量)
1. 跳读首尾句进行预测
一般来讲,高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句,便可判断体裁,
猜想它要讲什么。若首句交代了when, where, who, what,即四个W,那么就是记叙文,很
可能就是一个故事;若首句是提出或解释说明某事物,一般来说是说明文;若首句提出一个论
点,那么就是议论文。
首句往往开宗明义,是文章的主题。细读首句可启示全文。而尾句又往往是对文章主
题的总结。所以,它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口,对我们理解全文有着重要的启示作用。
Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in Scotland. In an interview, she recalled
how she became a percussion soloist (打击乐器独奏演员) in spite of her disability.
本文主要讲述的是苏格兰第一位女打击乐器独奏演员Evelyn Glennie在耳聋的情况下
成功学习打击乐器的经历。根据首句给出的信息,下面我们可以猜想 Evelyn Glennie学习
打击乐器过程必然充满困难,而能够在耳聋的情况下学习打击乐器,Evelyn Glennie对音乐
肯定也是充满热情的。
2. 利用语法分析解题
完形填空虽然以语境填空为主,但也有部分考查语法项目的题目。对于这类题,考生
可以利用平时所学的词汇知识,分析单词(组)的使用范围、动词的及物和不及物,并利用
句子结构、句式特点等知识全面衡量所有选项排除干扰。如:
___8___ I had been born in the 16th century, I would have had no job.
A. Because B. While C. If D. Since
【解析】根据后面的I had been born in the 16th century可知这只是个假设,是一个虚拟语气
的条件句。故前面要用 if 引导。3. 利用固定搭配解题
完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查,主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方
面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态,即所谓的“习语”,不能随意改动。所以,
考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。要做好这类题,需
要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨析能力,特别是在特定的语境中能灵活运用的
能力。如:
They couldn’t read or write. They didn’t like to work and they never ___12___ baths.
A. took B. washed C. ran D. covered
【解析】本题考查的是固定搭配take a bath,意为“洗澡”。
4. 利用固定句型解题
完形填空虽然注重考查语境理解,但同时也会考到一些固定句型,考生掌握好这些句
型,对确定题目的答案很有帮助。如:
It wasn’t long ___18___the police caught the thief.
A. after B. when C. before D. until
【解析】It wasn’t long before…是常用句型,意为“不久就……”。这里说的是不久警察就
把小偷捉到了。
5. 利用复现信息解题
语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词
复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象,如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词
汇同时出现,结构同现,同义同现,修饰同现,因果同现等。因此,利用上下文寻找解题
信息,确定正确答案。如:
I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the room wasn’t empty at all. It had
furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made bed sat Amy,
my new ___44___, dressed neatly.
A. roommate B. classmate C. neighbor D. companion
【解析】名词同现,空格前出现了room, furniture, curtains, a TV等同现信息可知坐在铺好的床上的是“我”的室友。
6. 利用跳读法解题
一般而言,完形填空要填的20空中总有一些空是相对简单的。对于这类空格考生可以
先将其确定下来,之后再逐个去突破其他空。跳过那些不太容易得出答案的题。切忌做题
时循规蹈矩地一个顺着一个地去完成。如:
“Visitors!” repeated Josh, wide-awake at once. He___1___ up and looked around. A short
distance away, a group of___2___ stood quietly watching us. One of them ___3___ walking
toward us. We both jumped to our ___4___ not knowing what to expect.
1. A. sat B. stayed C. thought D. put
2. A. pilots B. natives C. editors D. assistants
3. A. avoided B. delayed C. began D. desired
4. A. boat B. car C. horses D. feet
【解析】在通读全文的第一遍中,我们可以很容易地将第四空填出来,这是固定搭配 jump
to one’s feet (跳起来);由此也可推出第三空的答案,因为有人开始向“我们”走了过来,所
以“我们”才跳了起来;再根据第一空前面的wide-awake可知,此处指的应该是“我和Josh
完全清醒,坐起来,环顾四周”,所以第一空的答案为A;最后,根据句首Visitors可推知
第二空的答案为B。
7. 巧用排除法解题
在有些情况下,考生如果不能很有把握地直接得出某一道题的答案,可以把排除法和词汇
语法分析结合起来运用,缩小选择的范围,提高正确率。如:
The woman looked carefully at me ___5___ through her glasses, and then questioned me in a low
voice.
A. as usual B. for a while C. in a minute D. once again
【解析】这篇文章讲述的是没有工作经验的作者找到工作的故事。此题的解题关键词是
carefully,既然是“认真地看”,就不会是in a minute (立刻、马上);既然互不相识,作者也
未曾去找过工作,不会是as usual(像往常一样);前面没说已经打量过作者一次了,所以用once again(再一次)是不合理的。所以,答案只能是B.
8. 利用逻辑关系解题
尝试从逻辑关系的高度整体上把握,就会不无惊喜地发现逻辑关系才是征服完形填空
的最佳途径。所谓逻辑关系并不缥缈,它就隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落与段落的
衔接中。通过逻辑关系的方法,我们可以通过确切、具体的线索,把答案的逻辑意义推测
出来,从而在答案中寻找表现了相同逻辑意义的选项。这样做,使得题目的难度大大降低。
(1) 句中逻辑关系
Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements—usually carbon, hydrogen,
oxygen, and___45___nitrogen. They are different in that their elements are arranged differently,
and each vitamin performs one or more specific functions in the body.
A. mostly B. partly C. sometimes D. rarely
【解析】短文中的usually和and是本题逻辑推理的线索。And前后构成了并列关系,即
and前的 usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 这些维生素成分和and 后面的 nitrogen 成分形
成并列关系,相应修饰 carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 的usually必然和修饰 nitrogen 的45空的
词构成一一对应的逻辑关系。鉴于此,在45空考虑填入的应是和usually相对应的频度副
词,而语义与usually略有不同。mostly 和partly都表示了部分、量的含义,与频度无关。
rarely(很少地,罕有地)虽表示了频度关系,但其意义与usually相反,不符合一一对应的一
致性,因此排除。只有C项sometimes(不时,有时)恰到好处地表示了and前后两部分的逻
辑对应。故选C。
(2) 句间逻辑关系
在此,我们发现所谓逻辑关系并不抽象,它往往通过转折、让步、递进、因果等明确
的逻辑关系词来体现。当然,句子的逻辑关系也不一定体现在一句话的内部,它还可以渗
透到篇章的层面上,在句与句之间表现出来。如:
Ms Cleveland does not keep her workers on a short leash. ___13___, she encourages them to get
___14___ ways to do business.
A. Still B. Yet C. Instead D. While
【解析】根据前后句子的意思可推出两句间的逻辑关系是转折,意思是“Old Mr Cleveland把工人用带子捆绑起来(没有任何自由),而她不那样,相反(instead)她鼓励雇员”。
(3) 段间逻辑关系
这种逻辑关系主要体现在段落之间的衔接上。如:
Not everyone sees that process in perspective. It is important to do so.
It is generally recognized, ___29___, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th
century, followed by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the
process, although its impact in the media was not immediately apparent.
A. indeed B. hence C. however D. therefore
【解析】这里有两种情况,第一可能是第二段前后的逻辑体现;第二就是段落的前后衔接。
但是,这个题出现在第二段的第一句 ,那么,从完形填空注重逻辑关系的命题思路来看,
我们优先考虑第二种情况。前段末句意为“不是每个人都能够正确看待这个进程”。而第
二段首句为“大家普遍认为”,显然这两者之间存在了逻辑意义上的相反,此处可能体现
了一种转折关系。故选C。
9. 巧用背景常识解题
在回答完型填空问题的时候,有些时候,文章给出的信息是不充分的,还要综合考虑
读者大脑中所存储的知识,最终得出与常理相一致的最优答案。所以,考生的知识范围越
大,就会更容易理解文章,从总体上了解所选短文在说些什么,这样就能更好地完成局部
上的每一个空。所以,在做完型填空题目时,英语的基础知识以及对世界的了解,就显得
尤为重要。
当对语言的把握不很准确时,可充分利用自己已掌握的文化背景和生活常识,巧妙地
加以运用,先找出并理解文章主题和主线,并根据主题猜测细节,注意从重复出现的词语
中寻找、体会文章表达的氛围。这样将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程,节省宝贵的时
间,顺利地沿作者的思路阅读下去。如:
After ___2___ the British flag at the Pole, they took a photograph of themselves before they
started the 950-mile journey back.
A. growing B. putting C. planting D. laying
【解析】根据常识,南极地区冰雪覆盖,须费好大的劲将旗插进极地,plant在这里的意思是“安插”“插牢”,故答案为plant。
10. 利用对比结构解题
对比结构常把两种对立的事物或同一事物的两个不同方面并列出来加以比较或对比。
高考完形填空题常常利用句子之间的对比关系或者同一个句子的不同部分之间的对比关系
设计题目。如:
A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and___59___room is in a much better position than a
pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on.
A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable
【解析】本题利用相似短语之间的对比关系来命题。设空部分与下文的 a small, noisy room
with the television on存在对比关系。作者想借此说明“相同的作业”对于“不同家庭背景
的学生”所表现出的事实上的不公平。答案为C。
11. 利用平行结构解题
平行结构指的是结构相同或相似,意思密切关联,语法一致的句子或词组成串排列的
语言现象。这些结构的形式整齐匀称,内容联系紧密。
命题者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度,利用其表现意义的关联或对比这一
特点来设空。高考完形填空短文常常会出现这样一些平行结构,掌握这些结构极为相似的
句子可大大提高我们的解题效率。如:
Companies with low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and
continue working to keep them ___42___ and active.
A. alive B. vivid C. mobile D. diverse
【解析】因空格处与and后面的active是平行的,所以答案为与active意思相近的alive。
12. 利用暗示和对应解题
完形填空题中虽然也穿插了对语法、短语和单词的辨析、句子结构的考查等,但对文
章故事情节发展线索的逻辑考查仍是重点。暗示与上下对应的思维方法,是突破此类完形
填空最关键的思维方式。
考生在做题时要有全局观念,进行连贯性思维,做题时要把每个空白处的含义与前后
句的意思联系起来理解,进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。难选之处前后通常多有暗示,这种暗示多为后面暗示前面。如:
...he would join student groups to discuss a variety of ___47___: agriculture, diving and
mathematics.
A. questions B. subjects C. matters D. contents
【解析】此题后面的冒号部分有提示:agriculture,diving and mathematics是他们谈话讨论
的话题,由此可得出本题的答案为B。
13. 根据文章的感情色彩解题
考生在第一遍通读时,应在掌握文章大意,弄清作者思路的基础上,着重寻找反映语
境褒贬性的标志性词汇或句子,这些标志性词汇或句子往往对文章的语境褒贬性起着决定
性的作用。如:
I was so surprised that I was ___47___(speechless). My cousin must have made an effort to get
himself into shape. ___48___(As a result), at the point in our game when I’d have predicted the
score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor, it was ___49___(instead) 7 to 9 and Ed was 50 (leading).
【解析】surprised 一词道出了情况的转折,我们可以看到这时作者用词的转变。made an
effort,get into shape 等这些褒义词的使用对这些空的选择起到了很好的引导作用。
speechless, instead 都是由惊讶得出的。
14. 综合利用各种线索解题
完形填空题主要考查短文阅读理解的能力。因此考生必须阅读全文,弄清句子与句子
之间的关系,准确理解全文。为了答好题,考生必须从字里行间寻找能够利用的线索。如
书写和形态变化线索(graphic and morphological clues)、词汇线索(lexical clues)、句法线索
(syntactical clues)、社会文化线索(socio-cultural clues),并根据有关的线索进行猜测,作出
合理的判断。如:
And the clerk confirmed that his plane was leaving at nine o’clock three days from that day…
Since he was ___44___ in three days, Andy didn’t lose any time.
A. moving B. returning C. staying D. leaving
【解析】单从这句来看,考生实难判断出正确答案,但如果结合前文,就可以找到设空部
分的解题线索——上文中出现的词汇leaving。故本题答案为D。举例:
(10·广东)
Every country has its own culture.
Even though each country uses doors. .Doors many have 21 functions and purposes
which lead to 22 differences.
When I first came to America, I noticed that a public building had two different 23 and they
had distiFnct functions. You have to push the door with the word “PUSH” to go out of the
building and to pull the door with the word “PULL” to 24 the building. This was new to me,
because we use the 25 door in south Korea. For quite a few times I failed to go out of a
shopping centre and was embarrassed.
The way of using school bus doors was also 26 to me .I used to take the school bus to
classes. The school decided that when the driver opened both the front and back doors, 27
who were getting off the bus should get off first , and students who were getting on should get on
28 . In south Korea, we do not need to wait for people to get off. One morning, I hurried to the
bus ,and when the bus doors opened, I 29 _tried to get on the school bus through the front
door. All the students around looked at me, I was totally 30 ,and my face went red.
21. A.different B.important C.practical D.unusual
22. A.national B.embarrassing C.cultural D.amazing
23. A.exits B.entrances C.signs D.doors
24.A.enter B.leave C.open D.close
25. A.main B.same C.front D.back
26.A.annoying B.hard C.satisfying D.strange
27.A.parents B.students C.teachers D.drivers
28.A.sooner B.later C.faster D.earlier
29.A.politely B.patiently C.unconsciously D.slowly
30.A.embarrassed B.annoyed C.unsatisfied D.excited五、特殊句型解题法
①主系表结构解名词和形容词题
主系表中,表语如果是n. 主语和表语是等同关系。She is a nurse.
如果是adj,考察修饰关系。The box is useful. the useful box
【例1】 全国三卷
What a __58__ this young man was to our family! He was so sweet and kind to do this.
A. pity B. blessing C. relief D. problem
【解析】根据touching words可知,这家人认为丹尼斯的善举对于他们来说是一种福分,
四个选项里blessing "幸运,福祉" 最符合语境。故选B。
②宾补解形容词题
宾语补足语中的adj.(看宾语和此adj之间的修饰关系)
【例1】 全国一卷
In his introduction, he made it 9 that our credits would be hard-earned.
A .real B. perfect C. clear D. possible
2019江苏卷
She refused to live with male cranes, and even had a .reputation for killing some of
them, which made it 10 for her to become a mother.
10.A.illegal B.inspiring C.important D.impossible
③被动句解动词题
【例1】 全国3卷
Teresa posted a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website __57__ by thetouching words: "What a blessing this young man was to our family! He was so sweet and
kind to do this."
A. confirmed B. simplified C. clarified D. accompanied
【解析】根据by the touching words可知,在发布照片的同时,还配了文字。accompany在
句中的意思是 "附有,带有" 。故选D。
六、答案检查大法
1、答案均分规律
5A,5B,5C,5D
作用:可以帮助我们最后检查。如最后统计选项的个数,如果某个选项≥8个,肯定有答
案错了。
2、答案相连概率
①相邻两个答案完全相同的概率较低,即出现AA,BB,CC,DD。(即使有,20个答案
中一般不超过两次,且不同,即第一次是AA,第二次绝对不可能是AA)。
②相邻三个答案完全相同的概率几乎为0,即出现AAA,BBB,CCC,DDD。
5、反义选项二选一
江西卷
“I know it's __40__ for you,” Mum said softly. “But I'm just worried other people might think
we're a little…strange. And then they would make fun of you.”
40. A. fair B. easy C. good D. hard
【解析】D 线索性思维。此句与上文的sadly相呼应,母亲明白James的难处,故选D项。
全国卷
On winter days, Mr.Greenberg ( give away ) gloves. During the rest of the year, he 27
gloves.
A. Borrows B. sells C. returns D. buys
【解析】此句与上文的sadly相呼应,母亲明白James的难处,故选D项。结合前文可知,他在冬天的时候发放(give away)手套,那么在一年中的其他时候,他当
然就得买(buy)手套。
江苏卷
49 on the mountain, my most valuable possessions were my 50 with my neighbors.
A. Up B. Down C. Deep D. Along
【解析】A。由第二段中“I came upon a shabby house four miles up a winding mountain road”
可知房子在山上,可知选up。
6、形似选项二选一
全国一
It was (impossible ) for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joe's __50__ was
pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice(峭壁).
A. height B. weight C. strength D. equipment
【解析】考察名词词义辨析及上下文串联。A高度;B体重;C力气;D设备;根据
pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice.可知Simon也被拉着向峭壁这边过来了,主要是
因为Joe的体重。因为他们两个人系在一根绳子上,所以Joe拉着Simon向峭壁过去了。
天津卷
"Just think, my little girl, only ten dozen left for each of us and then we're 24 .”
A. lost B. done C. gone D. touched
【解析】B。必杀三项。本句意思是:我们每人“仅仅”需要摘十打,然后我们就结束了。
be done是固定用法,意思是“结束,做完了”。
7、同义选项二选一或全排除
全国卷
Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was __41__along 165
north after delivering to one of his 42 .
41. A. walking B. touring C.traveling D.rushing【解析】考查动词辨析及语境理解。Walk走路;tour旅行;travel旅游、行进;rush冲。根
据下文中Larry pulled over可知他沿着公路行驶,故选C。
福建卷
He could have gone on regretting it, __44__too many of us do.
A.as B.once C.if D.while
【解析】考查连词:句意,他可以像我们大多数人一样去后悔.As像;once一旦;if如果;
while然而。
七、高考真题
1. 2023年2月四省联考
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的
最佳选项。
Dr. Smith of New York works at a center for children who can’t learn well. One day a father
brought his son to him for____21____ at his office.
The father told Dr. Smith about his son. “My son has ____22____ in learning and can’t even
play baseball. He isn’t doing well because he doesn’t try. I have done everything for him. I have
even shouted at him. But nothing ____23____. ”
After Dr. Smith tested the boy, he ____24____ his father. He asked the father to sit in front
of a ____25____ and then gave him a pencil and a piece of paper. There was a ____26____ on
the paper. He asked the father to look only in the mirror and ____27____ the lines of the star
with the pencil. The father made the same ____28____ anyone makes. Every time he
____29____ the pencil, it went the wrong way. The father’s face became red.
At this ____30____ the doctor shouted at him, “Hurry up! Why are you ____31____ so
long? You can’t do such an ____32____ thing! You don’t know left from right!” These
____33____ made the father very angry.“Now you can ____34____, can’t you?” The doctor said to him. “Your son has felt just like
that all the time. You scolded (训斥) him too often, so he didn't try any more. He was afraid of
making mistakes. ”
____35____ the father understood everything. He put his face down. Now he felt so sorry.
21. A. testing B. acting C. teaching D. playing
22. A. confidence B. interest C. experience D. difficulty
23. A. returns B. helps C. appears D. remains
24. A. waited for B. searched for C. believed in D. called in
25. A. mirror B. television C. painting D. desk
26. A. face B. line C. number D. star
27. A. remove B. follow C. cross D. cut
28. A. decisions B. choices C. mistakes D. patterns
29. A. touched B. dropped C. moved D. sharpened
30. A. speed B. corner C. end D. point
31. A. staying B. taking C. preparing D. writing
32. A. easy B. important C. obvious D. exciting
33. A. ideas B. words C. questions D. instructions
34. A. relax B. leave C. understand D. promise
35. A. Interestingly B. Absolutely C. Suddenly D. Unfortunately
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. C 30. D 31. B
32. A 33. B 34. C 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位父亲带学习有困难的孩子去做测试。结果,父亲
才是那个造成孩子学习困难的人。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:一天,一位父亲带着儿子到他的办公室做测试。A. testing测试;
B. acting行动;C. teaching教;D. playing玩耍。根据下文“After Dr. Smith tested the boy, he
4 his father.”可知,男孩做了测试。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我儿子学习有困难,甚至不会打棒球。A. confidence自信心;
B. interest兴趣;C. experience经验;D. difficulty困难。根据下文“He isn’t doing wellbecause he doesn’t try. I have done everything for him.”可知,父亲为儿子做了一切,但是还是
学习学不好,所以就认为儿子有学习困难。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:但是什么都没用。A. returns归还;B. helps帮助;C. appears出
现;D. remains仍然。根据前文“One day a father brought his son to him for testing at his
office.”可知,父亲带儿子来做测试,说明自己做的一切都是不起帮助作用的。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意:史密斯医生检查完男孩后,把他父亲叫来。A. waited for等待;
B. searched for寻找;C. believed in信任;D. called in叫来。根据本句“After Dr. Smith
tested the boy”可知,史密斯医生检查完男孩后会把父亲叫进来说明情况。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:他让父亲坐在镜子前,然后给了他一支铅笔和一张纸。A.
mirror镜子;B. television电视;C. painting绘画;D. desk桌子。根据下文“He asked the
father to look only in the mirror and 7 the lines of the star with the pencil.”可
知,父亲是坐在镜子前的。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:纸上有一颗星星。A. face脸;B. line行;C. number数字;D.
star星星。根据下文“He asked the father to look only in the mirror and 7
the lines of the star with the pencil.”可知,父亲是坐在镜子前画星星的。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:他让父亲只照镜子,用铅笔沿着星星的线条画。A. remove移除;
B. follow跟随,按照;C. cross跨过;D. cut切割。根据本句“He asked the father to look
only in the mirror”可知,纸上有个星星,但是父亲只能按照要求照着镜子中的星星画。故选
B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:那个父亲犯了所有人都会犯的错误。A. decisions决定;B.
choices选择;C. mistakes错误;D. patterns模式。根据下文“Every time he 9
the pencil, it went the wrong way.”可知,父亲也会犯错误,每次划线,都走错了方向。故选
C。
【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意: 每次他移动铅笔,它都走错了方向。A. touched触摸;B.
dropped掉落;C. moved移动;D. sharpened使变锋利。根据本句“it went the wrong way”可
知,铅笔走错了方向,应是父亲移动铅笔。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:这时,医生对他喊道:“快点! 怎么花了这么长时间?这么简
单的事你做不出来!你根本不知道左右!”。A. speed速度;B. corner角落;C. end末端;D.
point要点。根据前文“Every time he 9 the pencil, it went the wrong way.”以及后
文“the doctor shouted at him”可知,父亲犯了错,这时医生对他喊。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:这时,医生对他喊道:“快点!你怎么花了这么长时间?这么
简单的事你做不出来!你根本不知道左右!”。A. staying停留;B. taking花费;C. preparing
准备;D. writing写。根据前文“Every time he 9 the pencil, it went the wrong
way.”可知,父亲一直犯错,会花很长时间。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这时,医生对他喊道:“快点!你怎么花了这么长时间?这
么简单的事你做不出来!你根本不知道左右!”。A. easy容易的;B. important重要的;C.
obvious明显的;D. exciting令人兴奋的。根据后文“You don’t know left from right!”可知,
分不清左右是很简单的事。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:这些话让父亲非常生气。A. ideas想法;B. words言语;C.
questions问题;D. instructions指示。根据前文“ “Hurry up! Why are you 1 1 so
long? You can’t do such an 1 2 thing! You don’t know left from right!””可知,这是医生
对父亲说的话。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:“现在你明白了,是吗?”医生对他说。A. relax放松;B. leave
离开;C. understand理解;D. promise承诺。根据下文“the father understood everything”可
知,医生在问父亲是否明白其中道理。故选C。
【
35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意:突然,父亲明白了一切。A. Interestingly有意思的是;B.
Absolutely绝对地;C. Suddenly突然;D. Unfortunately不幸的是。根据前文““Your sonhas felt just like that all the time. You scolded (训斥) him too often, so he didn't try any more. He
was afraid of making mistakes. ””可知,父亲在听完医生的话后,一瞬间就明白了。故选C。
2. 2023年1月浙江卷
The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to
____41____ a unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are
placed in the ____42____. Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often ____43____ .
I ____44____ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick
jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He ____45____ handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them
with string, and ____46____ the bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied
to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began ____47____ . He stopped
every few minutes to move the ____48____ higher up the tree trunk.
____49____ , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground.
Sitting on a branch, he _____50_____ towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole
in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d _____51_____ the trunk and
was back on the ground.
It was too _____52_____ to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed _____53_____ .
Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were _____54_____ and kept
attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. He had to wait for the right _____55_____ to go back
up.
41. A. share B. collect C. celebrate D. witness
42. A. courtyards B. fields C. treetops D. caves
.
43 A. urgent B. dangerous C. expensive D. pointless
44. A. searched B. recognised C. followed D. invited
45. A. gathered B. cleaned C. dropped D. checked
46. A. shook B. lit C. measured D. decorated
47. A. jumping B. talking C. testing D. climbing
48. A. hives B. leaves C. rope D. honey
49. A. Finally B. Surprisingly C. Naturally D. Immediately
.
50 A. backed B. dived C. shouted D. inched51. A. cut off B. gone up C. slid down D. held onto
52. A. high B. early C. fast D. close
53. A. hatching B. training C. sowing D. trading
54. A. curious B. hungry C. bored D. angry
55. A. moment B. equipment C. person D. order
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. D 51. C
52. B 53. A 54. D 55. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者跟随埃塞俄比亚坚持传统养蜂技艺的Ziyad,进
行的一次独特的采蜜经历。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A. share分享;B. collect
收集;C. celebrate庆祝;D. witness见证;目睹。根据下文“I ____4____ beekeeper Ziyad
over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle.”可知,作者是跟随经验丰富的养
蜂人Ziyad见证埃塞俄比亚传统的采蜜方式。故选D项。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:在埃塞俄比亚东南部,手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。A.
courtyards庭院;B. fields田野;领域;C. treetops树顶;D. caves洞穴。根据下文“higher
up the tree trunk.”可知,手工制作的蜂箱是放在树顶高处。故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的,而且相当危险。A. urgent
紧急的;B. dangerous危险的;C. expensive昂贵的;D. pointless毫无意义的。根据“The
adult bees were ____14____ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.”可知,采摘蜂蜜
可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击,这是很危险的。故选B项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我跟随着养蜂人走过一片广阔的草地,进入茂密的丛林。A.
searched搜索;B. recognised认出;C. followed跟随;D. invited邀请。根据前文“I was on
my way to ____1____ a unique honey harvest.”可知,作者此行是为了跟随经验丰富的养蜂人
近距离观察Ziyad如何采蜜。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶,用细绳把它们包裹起来,最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A. gathered聚集、采集;B. cleaned清除;C. dropped掉落;D. checked
检查。根据下文“handfuls of damp tree leaves”可知,此处指Ziyad从丛林各处,收集一些
潮湿的树叶。故选A项。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶,用线把它们包裹起来,最后点燃这
捆树叶当火把。A. shook摇晃;B. lit点燃;点亮;C. measured测量;D. decorated装饰。根
据后文“to create a torch”可知,此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后,将绳子的一头拴在腰间,另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树
干上。然后 Ziyad 开始向上攀爬。A. jumping 跳;B. talking 谈话;C. testing 测试;D.
climbing攀爬。根据“higher up the tree trunk”可知,Ziyad要向上爬到树顶,才能采集到蜂
蜜。故选D项。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:他每过一会儿就停下调整绳索位置,继续向上攀爬。A. hives蜂
房;B. leaves树叶;C. rope绳索;D. honey蜂蜜。根据“Then, with one end of a rope tied to
his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree,”可知,Ziyad是通过不断调整绳索的位置,
保证自己安全灵活地向上攀爬。故选C项。
【49题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意:Ziyad最终到达了蜂巢。那儿距离地面大概有 20米高。A.
Finally最终;B. Surprisingly令人意外地;C. Naturally自然地;D. Immediately立刻。根据
上文“He stopped every few minutes to move the ____8____ higher up the tree trunk.”可知,身
手矫健的Ziyad借助绳索不断向上攀爬,终于到达树顶放置蜂巢的位置。故选A项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:Ziyad坐在一节树枝上,小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢,对准火把,
将烟吹入蜂巢的一个小孔里。A. backed支持;B. dived跳水;C. shouted对……大声喊叫;
D. inched 缓慢移动。根据上文“Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often
____3____”可知,采集蜂蜜是困难且危险的工作,这要求采蜜的人经验丰富,动作快慢节
奏快慢结合,此处指Ziyad小心翼翼地将火把凑近蜂巢,将烟吹入蜂巢中。故选D项。
【51题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意:几秒钟过后,他就从树干滑下,重新回到地面。A. cut off切除;B. gone up上升;C. slid down滑下;D. held onto抓牢。根据前文“Ziyad got close to the
hive which was around 20 metres above the ground.”和后文“was back on the ground”可知,
Ziyad是从树顶滑下,回到地面。故选C项。
【52题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:现在采集蜂蜜还为时尚早。A. high高的;B. early早的;C.
fast快速的;D. close亲近的。根据下文“A cool summer had delayed ____13____ . Baby bees
were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知,现在蜜蜂幼虫尚未成年,蜂蜜酿造完成还需要一
段时日。故选B项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:夏天凉爽的温度延误了幼虫孵化。A. hatching孵化;B. training
培训;C. sowing播种;D. trading与……作交易;交换。根据“Baby bees were still in the
honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知,此时蜜蜂宝宝较以往孵化时间更晚,尚未成年。故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:Ziyad从树上逃离之时,成年蜂群被激怒了,持续不断地攻击
他。A. curious好奇的;B. hungry饥饿的;C. bored无聊的;D. angry生气的。根据下文
“kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree”可知,蜜蜂被外来侵入者激怒,不停地攻击
Ziyad。故选D项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:他需要等待合适的时刻,再次爬上树顶采摘蜂蜜。A. moment
时刻;B. equipment设备;C. person个人;D. order点餐;命令。根据上文“A cool summer
had delayed ____13____ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知,蜂蜜尚未形成,
Ziyad只好另待时机,等幼虫变成成年蜂后,再来采蜜。故选A项。
3. 2022年新高考1卷
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten
years.
Some of our ___41___ are funny, especially from the early years when our children were
little. Once, we ___42___ along Chalk Creek. I was ___43___ that our 15-month-old boywould fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That
lasted about ten minutes. He was ___44___, and his crying let the whole campground know it. So
___45___ tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It ___46___ — he didn’t end up in the
creek. My three-year-old, however, did.
Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we ___47___, but
storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly ___48___ our peaceful morning trip.
The ___49___ picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to _____50_____ the
motor. Nothing. He tried again. No _____51_____. We were stuck in the middle of the lake with
a dead motor. As we all sat there _____52_____, a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and
towed (拖) us back. We were _____53_____.
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a
sense of _____54_____, wondering what camping fun and _____55_____ we will experience
next.
41. A. ideas B. jokes C. memories D. discoveries
42. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled
43. A. annoyed B. surprised C. disappointed D. worried
44. A. unhurt B. unfortunate C. uncomfortable D. unafraid
45. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D. as for
46. A. worked B. happened C. mattered D. changed
47. A. signed up B. calmed down C. checked out D. headed off
48. A. arranged B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded
49. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. speed
50. A. find B. hide C. start D. fix
51. A. luck B. answer C. wonder D. signal
52. A. patiently B. tirelessly C. doubtfully D. helplessly
53. A. sorry B. brave C. safe D. right
54. A. relief B. duty C. pride D. excitement
55. A. failure B. adventure C. performance D. conflict
【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. A 47. D 48. B 49. A 50. C 51. A
52. D 53. C 54. D 55. B
【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒
险,并且作者和家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。
【
41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们的一些记忆很有趣,尤其是在早些年我们的孩子很小的时
候。A. ideas想法;B. jokes笑话;C. memories记忆;D. discoveries发现。根据上文“have
had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years”以及下文“especially from the early
years when our children were little”可推知,此处指作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一些记忆
是有趣的。故选C。
【
42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:有一次,我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped露营;B. drove开车;
C. walked散步;D. cycled骑自行车。根据上文“My husband, our children and I have had
wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.”可知,此处指作者与家人一起在溪边
露营。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我担心我们15个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里。A. annoyed恼怒
的;B. surprised惊讶的C. disappointed失望的;D. worried担心的。根据下文“I tied a rope
around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”可推知,此处指作者担心自己的孩子会掉进小
溪里,所以才在他的腰上系了一根绳子。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他很不舒服,他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点。A.
unhurt未受伤的;B. unfortunate不幸的;C. uncomfortable不舒服的;D. unafraid无所畏惧
的。根据上文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”以及下文“his
crying let the whole campground know it”可推知,此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服,
所以才会哭。故选C。
【45题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意:所以我没有把他绑起来,而是密切关注着他。A. due to由于;
B. instead of代替、而不是;C. apart from除了;D. as for至于。根据上文“He was
uncomfortable, and his crying let the whole campground know it.”以及下文“I just kept a close
eye on him”可推知,此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服,所以作者放弃在他身上绑绳子,而是密切关注着他。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:它起作用了,他最终没有掉进小溪里。A. worked起作用;B.
happened发生;C. mattered事关紧要;D. changed改变。根据下文“he didn’t end up in the
creek.”可推知,此处指作者的密切关注起作用了,孩子没有掉进小溪里。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们出发时,天空很晴朗,但山中风暴来势汹汹,风暴很快中
断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. signed up注册、报名;B. calmed down冷静下来;C. checked
out退房、结账离开;D. headed off启程、出发。根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文
“but storms move in fast in the mountains”可推知,此处指天气突然变化,出发时还天气晴
朗。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们出发时,天空很晴朗,但山中风暴来势汹汹,风暴很快中
断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. arranged安排;B. interrupted中断;C. completed完成;D.
recorded记录。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly”以及下文
“our peaceful morning trips”可推知,此处指风暴来临,作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:狂风大作,雷声隆隆。A. wind风;B. noise噪音;C.
temperature温度;D. speed速度。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains”可推知,
此处指大风刮了起来。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A. find找到;B. hide隐藏;C.
start启动;D. fix修理。根据下文“Nothing. He tried again.”以及“We were stuck in the
middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可推知,此处指作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:没有好运。A. luck好运;B. answer回答;C. wonder惊奇;D.
signal信号。根据下文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可推知,
此处指作者的丈夫再次尝试启动,也没有获得好运,船依然无法启动。故选A。
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意:当我们无助地坐在那里时,一个渔夫停了下来,扔给我们一根绳子并把我们拖了回来。A. patiently耐心地;B. tirelessly不知疲倦地;C. doubtfully怀疑地;
D. helplessly无助地。根据上文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可
推知,此处指在天气恶劣的情况下船无法启动了,作者与家人十分无助地坐着。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们安全了。A. sorry抱歉的;B. brave勇敢的;C. safe安全
的;D. right正确的。根据上文“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed us back”可
推知,此处指得到了渔夫的帮助,作者和家人安全了。故选C。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:现在,每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时,我们都会充
满兴奋,想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. relief救济;B. duty职责;
C. pride自豪;D. excitement兴奋。结合语境,再根据下文“wondering what camping fun”可
推知,此处指作者期待接下来的露营,充满兴奋。故选D。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:现在,每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时,我们都会充
满兴奋,想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. failure失败;B. adventure
冒险;C. performance表现;D. conflict冲突。根据上文“Now, every year when my husband
pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of excitement, wondering what
camping fun and”以及下文“we will experience next”可推知,此处指作者与家人十分期待即
将经历的冒险。故选B。
4. 2022年新高考2卷
Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-
year-old is doing it ___21___ . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the
world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive
___22___ , but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel ___23___ .
They’re part of a new form of the ___24___ economy: an online group of house sitters.
Throughout their no-cost stays in ___25___ homes, they feed pets and water plants in the
homeowner’s ___26___ .
It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully ___27___ their trips, scheduling theirdays around the pets that are sometimes difficult to ___28___ . But house sitting also offers a
level of ___29___ they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like ____30____ at a friend’s house,” Jessica
says.
The couple has a high ____31____ rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always
go beyond the homeowner’s ____32____ . For Jessica, that means ____33____ plenty of
pictures of happy pets, keeping the house ____34____ and leaving a nice small gift before
heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right
____35____ ,” she says.
21. A. indoors B. online C. single-handed D. full-time
22. A. game B. service C. vacation D. procedure
23. A. safe B. busy C. helpful D. affordable
24. A. local B. private C. sharing D. agricultural
25. A. strangers’ B. parents’ C. co-workers’ D. neighbors’
26. A. favor B. defense C. honor D. absence
27. A. plan B. explain C. compare D. complete
28. A. buy B. transport C. choose D. please
29. A. support B. comfort C. control D. attention
30. A. cooking B. staying C. waiting D. studying
31. A. success B. survival C. growth D. unemployment
32. A. budget B. abilities C. expectations D. understanding
33. A. admiring B. donating C. sending D. borrowing
.
34 A. clean B. open C. simple D. empty
35. A. guess B. decision C. response D. impression
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. A
32. C 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Jessica和丈夫通过当看房人来环球旅行的事情。在
他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中,他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对
夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高,他们总是超出房主的预期。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:与他们中的大多数人不同,这位25岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。A. indoors室内;B. online在线的;C. single-handed单手的;D. full-time全职的。根
据后文“She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping
everywhere from Paris to Singapore. (在过去的两年里,她和她的丈夫周游世界,从巴黎到新
加坡都在这里停留)”可知,这位25岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期,但这对夫妇有一种不同
寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. game游戏;B. service服务;C. vacation假期;D.
procedure手续。结合上文可知Jessica在环球旅行,所以是假期。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期,但这对夫妇有一种不
同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. safe安全的;B. busy忙碌的;C. helpful有帮助的;
D. affordable买的起的。对应上文“It might sound like one long, expensive”指听起来昂贵,
但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他们是共享经济新形式的一部分:在线看房者。A. local当地
的;B. private私人的;C. sharing分享;D. agricultural农业的。根据后文“economy: an
online group of house sitters”以及提到他们免费住在陌生人家里,可见是共享经济,故选
C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中,他们会在房主不在的时
候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A. strangers’陌生人的;B. parents’父母的;C. co-workers’同事的;
D. neighbors’邻居的。根据上文可知他们在环球旅行,所以是住在陌生人的家里。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中,他们会在房主不在的时
候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A. favor帮助;B. defense防御;C. honor荣誉;D. absence缺席。
根据上文“they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s”指在房主不在的时候喂宠物、
给植物浇水。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行,围绕着有时很难取悦的
宠物安排他们的日子。A. plan计划;B. explain解释;C. compare比较;D. complete完成。根据宾语“their trips”指计划旅行,应用plan。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行,围绕着有时很难取悦的
宠物安排他们的日子。A. buy购买;B. transport运输;C. choose选择;D. please取悦。根
据上文“the pets that are sometimes difficult to”指某些宠物很难照管,故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:但照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。A. support
支持;B. comfort舒适,安慰;C. control控制;D. attention注意力。结合后文提到像住在
朋友家,可见照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:“这就像住在朋友家一样,”Jessica说。A. cooking烹饪;B.
staying停留;C. waiting等待;D. studying学习。根据后文“at a friend’s house”指像呆在朋
友家,应用stay at。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高,他们总是超出房主的
预期。A. success成功;B. survival存活;C. growth生长;D. unemployment失业。根据后
文“rate in getting accepted as house sitters”可知此处指他们被接受为看房人的成功率,应用
success。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高,他们总是超出房主的
预期。A. budget预算;B. abilities能力;C. expectations期待;D. understanding理解。上文
提到这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高,是因为他们总是超出房主的预期,所以成功
率才高。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意:对杰西卡来说,这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片,保持房子
的清洁,在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. admiring钦佩;B. donating捐赠;
C. sending发送;D. borrowing借来。根据后文“plenty of pictures of happy pets”指给房主发
送宠物的照片。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对杰西卡来说,这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片,保持房子的清洁,在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. clean干净的;B. open开放的;
C. simple简单的;D. empty空的。根据上文可知,他们的职责就是照看房子,所以要保持
房子的清洁。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:“你要让房主觉得他们做了正确的决定,”她说。A. guess猜
测;B. decision决定;C. response反应;D. impression印象。是房主选择了他们当看房人,
所以是房主做了正确的决定,故选B。
5. 【2021年6月新高考1卷】
My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three
whole days, I worked in a baking factory.
My best friend Betsy's father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter
time, 1 little bunny(兔子)cakes for all its 2 throughout Cleveland. It
happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for 3 help during our spring
break, for which I had no 4 beyond listening to my favorite records.
I'd 5 minimum wage. I'd see how a factory 6 . My parents thought all of this
was a grand idea and called Betsy's dad with their 7 .
Our 8 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing
( 糖 霜 ) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 9 bunny from the belt. This
was 10 than it sounds. 11 a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at
dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I'd 12 .
Dad 13 . The son of a grocer, he'd spent the summers of his
childhood 14 food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made
you 15 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
1. A.sold B.ordered C,made D.reserved
2. A.stores B.families C.schools D.citizens
3. A.generous B.financial C.technical D.temporary4. A.plans B.problems C.excuses D.hobbies
5. A.offer B.earn C.set D.suggest
6. A.worked B.closed C.developed D.survived
7. A.ambition B.permission C.experience D.invitation
8. A.joys B.ideas C.roles D.choices
9. A.Save B.Keep C.Stop D.Remove
10. A.harder B.better C.longer D.cheaper
11. A.Calmdown B.Slowdown C.Stayon D.Moveon
12. A.indicated B.witnessed C.expected D.remembered
13. A.cried B.smiled C.hesitated D.refused
14. A.tasting B.finding C.sharing D.delivering
15. A.withdraw B.donate C.receive D.appreciate
【答案】CADAB ABCDA BCBDD
【文章大意】本文是记叙文,文章讲述了作者第一次假期打工的经历,作者从中感悟到工
作不易,要尊重那些辛苦工作的人。
【解析】
【1 题解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是Hough Bakeries的经
理,在复活节期间,为其遍布Cleveland的商店制作小兔子蛋糕。根据后文可知作者在工厂
里做蛋糕。故选C。
【2 题解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是Hough Bakeries的经
理,在复活节期间,为其遍布Cleveland的商店制作小兔子蛋糕。分析题目可知,此处是指
同一品牌旗下的商店。故选A。
【3 题解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们春假期间,市中心的工厂碰巧需要八个孩
子临时帮忙。分析题目可知,工厂需要临时工。故选D。
【4 题解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:除了听我最喜欢的唱片,我对春假没有别的计划。
分析题目可知,这句话里的which指的是春假,作者对此没有别的计划,故选A。
【5 题解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我会挣最低工资。分析题目可知,作者要去工厂
做工挣钱。故选B。
【6 题解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我会看到工厂是如何运作的。分析题目可知,此
处是指作者通过去工厂做工而观察到工厂如何运作。故选A。
【7 题解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我的父母认为这一切都是一个伟大的想法,并打电话给Betsy的父亲,得到他们的允许。分析题目可知,给Betsy的父亲打电话是为了得到
许可。故选B。
【8 题解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们在工厂的职责很简单。分析题目可知,此处
是指作者在工厂里的职责。故选C。
【9 题解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:把兔子从传送带上拿下来。根据前文Place cakes
on a moving belt,然后加上有糖霜的耳朵、眼睛和鼻子,这里应该是指把兔子拿下来。故
选D。
【10 题解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这比听起来要难。分析题目可知,作者的工作
听起来很简单,但实际很困难。故选A。
【11 题解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:稍微慢一点,蛋糕就堆积如山。分析题目可知,
这里指的是如果做工时手脚不够快,蛋糕就会堆起来。故选B。
【12 题解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:一切都比我之前预想的要有压力。分析题目可知,
作者之前没料到工作会压力这么大。故选C。
【13 题解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:爸爸笑了。分析题目可知,作者的父亲听到作者
抱怨工作压力,联想到自己童年的经历,觉得很正常,所以笑了起来。故选B。
【14 题解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:作为一个杂货商的儿子,他童年的夏天都在
Bernardswille送外卖。分析题目可知,作者的父亲应该是在递送食物,其他选项不符。故
选D。
【15 题解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他告诉我,这种工作能让你对自己挣的钱心存感
激,并尊重那些从事这项工作的人。分析题目可知,作者的父亲认为工作能让你认识到挣
钱的价值,心怀感恩。故选D。
6. 【2020·山东卷】
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白
处的最佳选项。
Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became
his second 21 . He learned the value and beauty of 22 there from a very young age.
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 23 happening around his home. A
flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 24 it caused had driven away a number ofbirds. 25 , the number of snakes had declined as well. He 26 that it was because
there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the 27 . The solution, of course, was to
plant trees so the animals could seek 28 during the daytime. He turned to the 29
department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on
his own and 30 a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
31 young plants in the dry season was 32 for a lone boy. Molai built at the
33 of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to
34 rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below.
Molai 35 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres
of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.
21.A.dream B.job C.home D.choice
22.A.nature B.youth C.culture D.knowledge
23.A.precious B.interesting C.disturbing D.awkward
24.A.waste B.tension C.pain D.damage
25.A.Besides B.However C.Therefore D.Otherwise
26.A.agreed B.realized C.remembered D.predicted
27.A.noise B.heat C.disease D.dust
28.A.directions B.partners C.help D.shelter
29.A.labor B.police C.forest D.finance
30.A.rebuilt B.discovered C.left D.managed
31.A.Decorating B.Observing C.Watering D.Guarding
32.A.tough B.illegal C.fantastic D.beneficial
33.A.back B.top C.foot D.side
34.A.cool down B.keep off C.purify D.collect
35.A.returned B.learned C.failed D.continued
这是一篇记叙文。Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候,一场洪水导致他的
家园遭受巨大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物,很多鸟儿离开,蛇类数量减
少。Molai决定改变这一切,他经过努力,在附近找到了一个小岛,开始种树。在30多年
的时间里,他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。
21.C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近,那里成了他的第二个家。A. dream梦想;B. job工作;C. home家;D. choice选择。根据空前的second可知,他出生的村庄是
他的家,村庄附近的一些“湿地”成为了他的第二个“家”。故选C。
22.A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A. nature自然;
B. youth青春,年轻;C. culture文化;D. knowledge知识。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。
故选A。
23.C
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16岁时,Molai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的
事情。A. precious宝贵的;B. interesting有趣的;C. disturbing令人不安的,引起烦恼的;
D. awkward尴尬的,笨拙的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭,很多鸟儿离开,蛇的数量减少。
这些情况都不正常,令人不安。故选C。
24.D
考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候,一场洪水袭击了这个地区,洪水造成的损害赶走
了很多鸟类。A. waste废物;B. tension紧张;C. pain疼痛,痛苦;D. damage损害,伤害。
洪水侵袭这个地区,它会“损害”庄稼、树木,这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。
25.A
考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外,蛇的数量也减少了。A. Besides此外,另外;B. However
但是;C. Therefore因此;D. Otherwise否则。根据as well可知,洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离
开。而且,它还导致蛇的数量减少。故选A。
26.B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A.
agreed同意;B. realized意识到;C. remembered记住,记起;D. predicted预测。Molai“意
识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。
27.B
考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A.
noise噪音;B. heat热;C. disease疾病;D. dust尘土。根据常识可知,树木可以提供阴凉,
从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受炎热的影响。故选B。
28.
考查名词D词义辨析。句意:当然,解决的办法是种树,这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身
之处。A. directions方向;B. partners伙伴,合作伙伴;C. help帮助;D. shelter遮蔽,庇护,遮蔽物。树木可以给动物们提供“遮蔽”。故选D。
29.C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助,但被告知那里什么也不长。A. labor劳动;
B. police警察;C. forest森林;D. finance财政,金融。根据前一句中的“The solution, of
course, was to plant trees”可知,Molai想要种树,所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。故选C。
30.B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而,Molai自己去看了看,发现了附近的一个岛屿,他开始在
那里种树。A. rebuilt重建;B. discovered发现;C. left离开;D. managed设法做成。根据前
面的”looking on his own”可知,他自己去看,那么接下来就应该是他”发现”了一个小岛。故
选B。
31.C
考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说,在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A.
Decorating装饰;B. Observing观察到;C. Watering浇水;D. Guarding守卫。该段后半部分
叙述的是Molai想尽办法收集水的努力。再结合该句中的“the dry season”可知,在旱季给幼
苗“浇水”很难。故选C。
32.A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说,在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A.
tough困难的;B. illegal非法的;C. fantastic极好的;D. beneficial有益的。根据该段后半部
分的叙述可知,Molai想尽办法收集雨水,由此推知,旱季缺水,给幼苗浇水很“难”。故选
A。
33.B
考查名词词义辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台,在那里他放置
了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. back背部;B. top顶端;C. foot脚;D. side一边,一侧。
根据该段最后一句“The water would then drip on the plants below”可知,水滴在下面的植物上。
由此推知,竹子平台应该在每棵树苗的”顶端”。故选B。
34.D
考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台,在那里他放置
了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. cool down冷却下来;B. keep off与……保持距离;C.
purify净化,使纯净;D. collect收集。根据常识可知,陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知,他
将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。故选D。35.D
考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37年里,Molai继续种树。A. returned返回;B.
learned学会;C. failed失败;D. continued继续。根据后一句可知,他的努力使1360英亩的
天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。由此推知,在接下来的37年里,他“继续”种树。故选
D。
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