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2023 年高考英语七选五解题技巧（解析版）
目录
一、 综合：两步法解题.......................................................................................................................2
第一步：看位置⇨定类型.............................................................................................................2
第二步：由类型⇨定技法.............................................................................................................4
1.主旨概括题..........................................................................................................................4
2.语段过渡题..........................................................................................................................5
3.细节线索题..........................................................................................................................6
二、 位置解题法...................................................................................................................................9
1、第一段（总说）.......................................................................................................................9
2. 小标题......................................................................................................................................13
3、段首题.....................................................................................................................................14
4、段中题.....................................................................................................................................16
5、段尾题.....................................................................................................................................17
三、 敏感词解题法.............................................................................................................................18
1.代词............................................................................................................................................18
2. 冠词..........................................................................................................................................20
3. 连词..........................................................................................................................................20
四、 万能法：李宇春原则.................................................................................................................21
五、 高考真题演练和答案解析.........................................................................................................22
1. 2023年2月四省联考..............................................................................................................22
2. 2023年1月浙江卷..................................................................................................................24
3. 【2022年新高考1卷】..........................................................................................................26
4. 【2022年新高考2卷】..........................................................................................................28
5. 【2022年全国甲卷】.............................................................................................................30
6. 【2022年全国乙卷】.............................................................................................................33
7. 【2022年6月北京卷】..........................................................................................................35
8. 【2022年6月浙江卷】..........................................................................................................379. 【2022年1月浙江卷】..........................................................................................................39
10. 【2021年新高考1卷】........................................................................................................41
11. 【2021年新高考2卷】........................................................................................................44
12. 【2021年6月全国甲卷】....................................................................................................46
13. 【2021年全国乙卷】...........................................................................................................48
14. 【2021年6月浙江卷】........................................................................................................49
15. 【2021年3月天津卷】........................................................................................................52
16. 【2020·全国卷II】...............................................................................................................55
17. 【2020·全国卷III】..............................................................................................................56
18. 【2020·山东卷】...................................................................................................................58
19. 【2020·浙江卷】...................................................................................................................59
20. 【2020·天津卷（一）】.......................................................................................................61
21. 【2020·天津卷（二）】.......................................................................................................63
22. 【2020·江苏卷】...................................................................................................................66
综合：两步法解题
一、
第一步：看位置⇨定类型
句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命题人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三种挖空
方式，正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，来考查考生的逻辑思维能力。段
首、段中、段尾题在文中所起的作用可归纳为下表：
挖空位置 逻辑关系 具体解读
主旨句 常以段落小标题或主题句的形式出现。
段首题
承上启下句 此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
前后的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有
多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和推理(从观点
例证关系 到例子)。常见的表示例证关系的标志词语有：for example, for
段中题
instance, in fact/as a matter of fact, actually, in other words/that is
to say等。
转折关系 若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的逆转， 则空格处很有可能表示转折。表示转折关系的标志词语有： but, however, yet,
while/though/although, or/otherwise, on the contrary, instead,
nevertheless(然而), still, in contrast/comparison, by comparison
等。
表示因果关系的标志词语有：so, therefore, thus,
因果关系 consequently(结果), as a result (of), so/such ...that ..., so that ...
等。
若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可
能是个表示递进的句子。表示递进关系的标志词语有：too,
递进关系 also, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, likewise, similarly,
what's more, what's worse, in addition, as well, to make matters
worse, not ... but ..., not only ... but also等。
并列关系 表示并列关系的标志词语有：and, first(ly), second(ly); first,
then/next; to begin with, some ... others ...; for one thing, for
another thing; then/next, finally/last等。
段尾题 总结句 用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语。
承上启下句 此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
例子1…
●__40__ If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy
food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You
will want to continue to focus on positive choices.
…
A．You will stick to your diet.
B．Your quality of sleep improves.
C．You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D．There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E．You can keep your head clear for 4－10 hours after exercise.
F．After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G．If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you're doing it now, then listen up!
[分析] 设空处位于段首，应是该段落的小标题。该段的主要内容是“如果晨练，你就更有可
能会坚持一整天吃健康的食物”，故该段的主旨是“坚持健康饮食”；再结合本段中的“healthy
food”“junk food”与A项中的diet相关，故选A。
例子2
…●Your metabolism (新陈代谢) gets a head start. __38__ If you work out in the mornings, then you
will be getting the calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.
…
A．You will stick to your diet.
B．Your quality of sleep improves.
C．You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D．There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E．You can keep your head clear for 4－10 hours after exercise.
F．After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G．If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you're doing it now, then listen up!
[分析] 设空处位于段中，属于段中题。这一段说的是晨练有助于人体的新陈代谢，能让你一
整天都感受到晨练消耗卡路里带来的好处。F项“晨练之后你还会在一天时间里继续消耗卡路
里”中的关键词“throughout the day”与文中的“the whole day”呼应。故选F。
例子3…
The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you're
looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. __40__.
A．While all of them are useful
B．Whatever you're looking for
C．If you're experimenting with a color
D．Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar with
E．It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F．So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G．Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
[分析] 该空位于段尾，应属于总结句。根据空前的“the time, effort and relative expense put
into it are significant”可知，大型物品的颜色选择所需要的时间、精力、费用很大，这恰与F项构成
因果关系。第二步：由类型⇨定技法
1.主旨概括题
主旨概括题主要考查考生对文章或段落进行概括的能力，它要求考生在阅读文章时，能够提
炼其中心思想，体会作者的写作意图，充分运用概括能力提取文章的主题、观点以及作者的情感
态度。这类题常以考查段落标题为主，设题位置一般在段首，有时总结性的语句也会出现在段中
或段尾。这类题有时也会考查整篇文章的主旨大意，即文章的主题句，一般会在首段设空。概括
起来讲，命题人通常从两个方面设题：①概括文章或段落的主题句或结论性语句；②段落标题。
解答主旨概括题通常采用浏览的方式，即重点搜索本段的主题线索词并快速理清主旨大意，
然后浏览选项，准确判定出与主旨大意匹配的选项。
例子3
●__39__ Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who
exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep
when you are very excited.
A．You will stick to your diet.
B．Your quality of sleep improves.
C．You prefer healthy food to fast food.
D．There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.
E．You can keep your head clear for 4－10 hours after exercise.
F．After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.
G．If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you're doing it now, then listen up!
[分析] 设空位于段首，应为本段主题句。主题句一般是对上文或下文内容的总结，快速浏览
本段，本段提到slept better, difficult to relax, a peaceful sleep，依据这些关键词汇可概括本段说的是
晨练比晚上锻炼更能改善睡眠，因此选B。
2.语段过渡题
语段过渡题所涉及的句子是过渡句，具有承上启下的作用，该题型主要考查考生对篇章的理
解能力和对上下文之间逻辑关系的分析能力。其设空位置比较灵活，可位于段尾、段首或段中。
解这类题通常可采用位置判断法。
如果设空位于段首，要前瞻后望找提示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与之衔接，
并结合本段内容，看所选的答案是否能将两段内容连贯起来。
如果设空位于段中，重点阅读该空的前一句和后一句，找出它们之间的逻辑关系或根据意义的连贯性得出答案；如果还没有把握，再分析该段的中心句。
如果设空位于段尾，在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联时，可考虑与下一段开头之间的衔
接。仔细阅读下一段开头几句，看是否能与所选选项紧密连接起来。
例子4
Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves.
__39__. They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on
the feeling of a space.
A．While all of them are useful
B．Whatever you're looking for
C．If you're experimenting with a color
D．Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar with
E．It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F．So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G．Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
[分析] 设空处在段中，所填句子应是过渡句。该空前一句主要内容是“medium color
choices”，是G项中“small ones”的升级。该空后一句介绍了两种方式的颜色选择，与 G项中的
“two major ways”相呼应，故选G。
3.细节线索题
细节线索类的试题要求考生更加注重文章中的细节，比如某个关键的单词或数字等。解答这
类试题经常用到的方法有：词汇复现法、词汇同现法、代词线索法、逻辑关系线索法等。
1)．词汇复现法
复现法是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即在文章中不同的位置对同一个概
念进行重复描述，从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同的地方重复出现。复现的形式主要包括原词
复现、同(近)义词复现、反义词复现等。考生可利用文章的这一特点，在解题时注意选项中出现的
与正文意思相同、相近或相反的词。
例子5
__38__. They're the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to
add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a
colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.
A．While all of them are useful
B．Whatever you're looking for
C．If you're experimenting with a color
D．Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar withE．It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F．So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G．Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
[分析] 解此题可运用词汇复现法，该空所在段最后一句中的“small color choices”是D项
“Small color choices”的原词复现。故选D。
2)．词汇同现法
词汇同现是指属于同一词汇范畴或者某一领域的词汇在文章中同时出现，达到语意衔接的目
的。一般来说，上下文中词汇的范畴越小，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。
例子6
I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another funfilled holiday in the wilderness.__38__ Instead,
we had a popup camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.My natureloving friends had
remembered to bring all the necessities of life.
A．This time there was no tent.
B．Things are going to be improved.
C．The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.
E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.
F．After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G．There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
[分析] 解此题可运用词汇同现法。该空前面的部分说明了作者被说服参加另一次野营活动，
而空后则说这次野营活动有舒服的床和空调，因此空处的论述应该是在“住宿”这一范畴内，几
个选项中只有A项合适。
3)．代词线索法
英语文章中代词出现的频率极高，代词一般用来指代前面提及的名词，考生如果能巧妙地利
用这样的指代关系或根据代词的单复数就可以准确而快速地解题。
例子7
Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this
important point. __37__， they can get a little complex. But good news is that there're really only three
kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the
large ones.
A．While all of them are useful
B．Whatever you're looking for
C．If you're experimenting with a colorD．Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar with
E．It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F．So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G．Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
[分析] 解此题可运用代词线索法。空格后的they指代上文中的techniques，且与A项中的all
of them相呼应，代入A项“尽管它们都很有用”，符合语境，故选A。
4)．逻辑关系线索法
一篇文章往往是一个有机的整体，各部分之间存在着一定的联系。从逻辑意义上来看，句子
与句子之间常常有并列、顺承、递进、转折、总分、解释、因果、过渡、例证等关系，有时甚至
包含不止一种这样的关系。因此，理解阅读材料时一定要把握文章脉络，弄清其中的逻辑关系。
如果文中或选项中出现了逻辑关系词，考生就可以利用其来进行推理判断；如果文中或选项中未
出现逻辑关系词，这就需要考生全面理解文章大意，根据上下文语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系，
作出正确的判断。
例子8
If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I
would have laughed heartily.Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, illcooked meals,
and uncomfortable sleeping bags.They had nothing in common with me.__36__
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer ...
I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another funfilled holiday in the wilderness ...
...We have done a lot of it since ...
__40(E)__ It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature.I
recommend that you find your way in style.
A．This time there was no tent.
B．Things are going to be improved.
C．The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.
E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.
F．After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G．There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
[分析] 解此题可运用逻辑关系线索法。首句“如果三年前有人告诉我我会花大部分的周末时
间去野营，我将会开怀大笑”使用了虚拟语气，预示了后面的转折关系。接着讲述了作者过去对
野营的看法。由下文可知作者起初和后来对野营的态度不一样。D项表示“但是，从那时起我就
学习了很多关于野营的知识”，however与上文构成转折关系，因此是最佳选项。此题的关键是
however这个逻辑关系词，承上启下，为下文内容作铺垫。例子9
...
●Recall (回忆) your childhood memories
Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma's rose garden and
Dad's vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that's not what's important. __39__ — how being in
those gardens made us feel. If you'd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some
time to recall the gardens of your youth. 40(G). Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your
childhood memories into your grownup garden. Have fun.
A．Know why you garden
B．Find a good place for your own garden
C．It's our experience of the garden that matters
D．It's delightful to see so many beautiful flowers
E．Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants
F．You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too
G．For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have
[分析] 解此题可运用逻辑关系线索法。空格前说“但那不是重要的事情”，由此可推测空格
处会指出什么才是重要的，前后为顺承逻辑关系，C项“我们做园艺工作的体验才是重要的”符
合题意。故选C项。
例子10...
Unfortunately, we've all been victims of betrayal. Whether we've been stolen from, lied to, misled, or
cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can't trust anymore. __37__
It's understandable, but if you're willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can
take to get you there.
...
A．Learn to really trust yourself.
B．It is putting confidence in someone.
C．Stop regarding yourself as the victim.
D．Remember that you can expect the best in return.
E．They've been too badly hurt and they can't bear to let it happen again.
F．This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.
G．Seeing the positive side of things doesn't mean you're ignoring what happened.
[分析] 此题从行文逻辑上判断属因果关系。上句意为“有时候，人们简直无法再信任(别人)
了”，而本句应是解释人们无法信任别人的原因。故E项符合题意。二、位置解题法
1、第一段（总说）
段落功能：总说，引出话题。（引发思考，或需要解决的现象或问题是什么）
段前、段中的设空
① 词 句 特 征 ： 可 能 存 在 固 定 呼 应 ： may think.... However.... ； 可 能 会 有 问 句 ，
或challenge/difficulty /problem等字眼。
②解题方法：
方法1：直接解题（看特征）2014北京卷
方法2：万能法
段尾设空
①词句特征：可能会有承上启下的表达，如“这是一系列问题......”，“下面是一系列的方法（建
议）......”here are， there are ；后面可能有tips，points，steps， suggestions, ways，approach，
how to do；take a look/listen等字眼。
②解题方法：
方法1：直接法看特征，直接选答案（2016年浙江卷，2018全国二卷）
方法2：万能方法
方法3：排除法+总结。如果这两种方法都不能解答出来，需要暂时放一下，做其他题目，最后
总结（原因：可以用排除法；本句可能是承上启下，看完文章的题目，理解主旨后解题）
[典题]（2020全国卷I）
A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance
We all want it... to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of
reach. 36 Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.
● 37 Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them?
Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that
your life is your own;you are the only you in this world.
E Set an intention for self-acceptance.F. Stop comparing yourself with others.
G. When does the comparison game start?
[分析] 37题设空在段首，这样的选项，往往是对下面整个段落内容的概括和总结，反映整个
段落的主旨和大意。这种试题往往需要从下面的整段中搜索核心词汇，找出做题的线索。空白处
后文的内容是：Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow
them? 可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，这里根据下文的核心词汇follow，the only
you可知，F. Stop comparing yourself with others.(停止把自己和别人进行比较。)能够概括本段大
意。故选F项。
（一）设空在段尾
设空在段尾，这种选项通常起着总结上文，提示下文的功能。所以会有两种情况：一是只承
接上文，二是承上启下。应先看设空前文，寻找选项与前文之间的关联，如果第一段的段尾设
题，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出
主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词，如：therefore，as a
result，thus，hence，in short，to sum up，to conclude，in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的
同义词句。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有关联。认真
阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项紧密相连。
[典题]（2020全国卷I）
● Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at
strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned
your degree, and you got out of bed today. 39
●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put
into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to
yourself. 40 Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how
awesome you are?
A. Feeling upset again?
B. Where do you start?
C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.
D. Remember, you are only human.
[分析] 本题设空在段尾，首先看前文。根据上文 List all of your accomplishments andachievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你
有了一份工作，拿到了学位。)可知，这些小事都是你取得的成就，都值得庆祝。C项意思，没有
什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的，对上文的总结概括，符合文意。
（二）设空在段中
设空出现在段中，通常是承上启下的作用，需要看设空前后两句话，根据句子之间的逻辑关
系确定答案。
[典题] Don’t forget to forgive yourself. _ 5 But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you
don’t do it.
D．Try to see things from your offender’s angle.
E．For some people，forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.
F．To make your anger die away，try a simple stressmanagement technique.
G．If you wait for people to apologize，you could be waiting an awfully long time.
[分析] 设空在段中，先看前句E项中的信息forgiving themselves与前句意义一致，并且选项
E与后面的句子之间用but连接，有转折的语气，因此构成了一种意义上的对比关系，尤其是
but这个词，更加突出了对比的意义，因此选项E符合这里的意义和结构。
① 因果关系
做题时最重要的是要在读懂空格前后的句子的基础上，依据彼此的关系来确认答案。有时，
前后的句子之间出现as a result(结果)，thus/therefore(因此)，so(such)...that(如此……以至于)等标志
性词语，表明前后句有着原因和结果之间的关系，说明前因后果或者前果后因等情况。
真题-浙江卷（6月）
Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of course, you want to
make sure that you become an accepted and valuable part of your new neighborhood. The easiest way to
accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should. 1
G. Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly
【解析】作者提到人们搬到新社区，都希望被邻居们接受。那么，就需要注意自己的行为举止，
成为别人眼里的好邻居。而下面几段就这一点提了一些建议，所以此处需要一个概括下文的句子，
即选项G。
真题-新课标一The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 1 By helping them develop classic skills that
will serve them well no matter what the future holds.
A.Encourage kids to cook with you.
B.And we can't forget science education.
C.We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.
D.So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don't yet exist?
【解析】空格后的句子表达 "通过帮助他们发展一些经典的技能，从而使他们无论未来如何改变
都能够自立于这个世界" ，据此推断空格处应该表示 "怎样能够让他们在未来存活下去" 或类似的意
思，只有D项符合，故正确答案为D。
2. 小标题
方法1：观察对比法
①说明：此方法的优点“快”。缺点是“正确率能达到90%”。
①操作：
a观察特点：观察其它小标题，找句式特点。往往比较短，往往是祈使句。
b确定选项并对比：在七个选项中，找到这种特点的句子（一般比较短，又是祈使句的，一般 2-3
句。）观察比较这几个句子，划出它们的差别词。
c确定答案：接着看小标题下面段落中出现了哪个词，就选了哪一选项。
方法2：总结法（普通版）
①操作：读懂小标题下段落的内容，自己总结。
②解题原理：小标题的本质=下面段落的中心。（优点：正确率能达到100%。缺点：有可能读不
懂）
方法3：总结法（升级版）
①操作：读本段落尾句
②说明：此方法为方法1的升级版，适用段落较长，没时间读或很难读懂。
③解题原理：尾句一般要点明此段中心，尾句前如果有however/but等转折词，尾句一定与小标题
呼应。【说明】总结法其实是需要跟“观察对比法”的前两步结合起来用的。或者换句话说，总结法，
是对“观察法”最后一步的优化。
真题-全国2卷
● 2
Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color.
Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers（肥料）.
3 . However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One
of them comes from our earliest years.
●Recall（回忆）your childhood memories
Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma's rose garden and
Dad's vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that's not what's important.......
A. Know why you garden
B. Find a good place for your own garden
C. It’s our experience of the garden that matters
【解析】根据本段前两句可知不同的做园艺有不同的原因，再倒数第二句“然而，有很多能够解释
你为什么想做园艺的原因”可知我们首先要搞清楚为什么要做园艺。故A项正确。
3、段首题
总原则：总结法+万能法
情况一：以下情况段首题100%优先使用“总结法”
1. 看到横线后的句子，出现for example之类的词语，或者连续出现if或when的状语从句。
2. 观察对比:其他段落的段首句，是有规律的段落中心句，比如是祈使句或问句。
②如果是，用总结法（段落较长，就用总结法的升级版，看最后一句，然后用万能法检验）。如
果不是段落中心句，用万能法。
情况二：以下情况100%优先使用“万能法”在横线后的句子中出现代词this,it,them，these等代词。
（三）第三种情况：万能方法
如果此段没有小标题，且判断要填的不是段落中心句，就用万能法。（万能法并不是段首题的首
选）
【说明】
解题思路：优先用总结法，以及总结法的升级版，其次用万能法。
段首题的后一句，如果出现for example,for instance等，那么该句一定是段落中心句，就用总结法。
如果不能马上判断是否是段落中心句，就按段落中心句去预估做题。
2014全国二卷
Tips for Cooking on a Tight Schedule
From my experience , there are three main reasons why people don’t cook more often :ability ,
money , and time 36 .Money is a topic I’ll save for another day .So today I want to give you some
wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spent in the kitchen .Here are three tips for great
cooking on a tight schedule :
1. Think ahead .The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I’m already hungry and there’s
nothing ready to eat .So think ahead of the coming week .When will you have time to cook ?Do you
have the right materials already ? 37 .
2. Make your time worth it .When you do find time to cook a meal , make the most of it and save
yourself time later on .Are you making one loaf of bread ? 38 .It takes around the same amount
of time to make more of something .So save yourself the effort for future meal .
3. 39 This may surprise you , but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is
experimentation .It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well
with your appetite and schedule. The more you learn and the more you try, the more ability you
have to take control of your food and your schedule.
A. Try new things. B. Ability is easily improved.
C. Make three or four instead. D. Understand your food better.
E. Cooking is a burden for many people.
F. Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.G. A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.
2017全国一卷
4 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete
with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a
refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.
F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
【解析】F 由第三段第一句 going on another fun-filled holiday 可知，"我"对这次旅行非常满意，
而由下文 We have done a lot of it since 可知，"我们"都爱上了野营．F项意为"从这里旅行后，我
全家都对野营产生了巨大的兴趣"，承上启下，符合语境．故正确答案为F．
2020浙江卷（1月）（段首不是中心句）
4 On this day every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the
problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At
one school in the UK, children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6 km with six litres of
water. 5 People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many
people as possible around the world.
F. In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water.
4、段中题
方法1：中心句呼应法
【操作】出现了此段小标题或者段落中心句的关键词，直接选答案，再带入上下文检查。
【原理】它是证明中心的关键句，一定会出现小标题（或段落中心句）中核心词的原词或同义词。
方法2：万能法【原理】此句可能是过渡句，没有明显特点
【说明】①在解此类题时，我们不太可能提前预知此句：是关键句，还是过渡句。所以，我们采
用的技巧是：先用万能法选出答案，然后用中心句呼应法做检验。检验成功，说明答案更加的确
定。
②如果用中心句呼应法验证失败，并不意味着答案一定是错的。
5、段尾题
方法1：中心句呼应法
（如果but/however后面，一定是这段的中心，证明小标题）所以一定要看小标题，翻译 。原理：
越靠近最后一句，越会证明此段中心（即作者的真实观点）
方法2：万能法
说明：
①一般优先用方法1，如果不行，就选用万能方法。
②段尾排除：一般不会出现问句 (没有展开论述的空间了)
2017全国三卷
● Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you're tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on
Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness
the following week, a recent study found. 4
F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day.
【解析】由本段首句可知本段主题是“在周末要坚持（执行）你的睡觉和起床时间表”，与此主
题符合的只有F项“坚持你设定的就寝和起床时间，不管是哪天”。本设空类型属于段落总结类。三、敏感词解题法
敏感词思维：通过敏感词找到句子之间的逻辑关系（即呼应关系），找到解题的线索。
敏感词解题模型。
敏感词可以出现在B句中，也可以出现在C句中。
1.代词
原理：代词是代替名词的词。代词所指代的名词，必须出现在这句话的前半句，或上一句话。
操作：看是否一致：单复数是否一致；人称是否一致
常见代词：指示代词this/ that/ these/ those it they等
举例：我在景区遇到了一群游客。他们来自美国。
【注意】
①代词不能呼应，90%以上不对；代词能呼应，不一定是正确选项。
②状语从句中的代词指代现象：When he was taken to hospital, Tom cried. （此句中的he不需要
往前句找）③注意下列中的it不作为解题敏感词：形式主语，形式宾语，强调句中的it，可以忽略
④one也是可以做代词。（2013全国1 2017全国3）
⑤they与we有时候是可以呼应的，we=they+I（作者）2017全国1卷37题 2018全国3卷38题
⑥段落首句出题，带入的句子出现代词一定要优先警惕，很多时候可以排除。
真题-北京卷
Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget
what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unware of what's happening
around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy. 1 They annoy us because they seem to be
ignoring us and missing the important things.
A. Having interesting things to think about also helps.
B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves.
C. Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes.
【解析】第一段说的是大众印象中的白日做梦有哪些弊端，选项在文章前后句中起到段内逻
辑连接的作用。
真题-全国3卷
Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and put the blame on the alarm clock. In fact, the
key to easy morning wake-up lies in resting your body clock. 1 Here is how to make one.
A. Get a sleep specialist.
B. Find the right motivation.
C. A better plan for sleep can help.
D. And consider setting a second alarm.
【详解】空前提到要调整身体的生物钟，那么如何调整呢？空后的 "Here's how to make one." 中
one 又指什么呢？浏览各选项，只有C项“一个更好的睡眠计划会有所帮助”符合上下文语境。
本设空类型属于过渡句类。
2013年新课标二
If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it's going to give you lots of dos and don'ts,
walk away! Your brain is so full of what you're going to be talking about. 54 . As far as we're
concerned, there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking. Your audience can be yourfriends.
G. So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse
2. 冠词
第一次出现用a/an，第二次出现用The
如果选项的句子中，出现：the+n. 上一句话必须有相应的名词。
举例：树上有一个苹果。这个苹果又大又红。
真题-全国二卷
4 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer
complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedro om, a modern kitchen with a
refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
【解析】通过“the”，可知上文一定经历过一次trip。
3. 连词
句首如果有连词，用连词分析法，上一句有什么。
练习：这里有一个选项：“但是，马老师不养宠物”。前一句的共性是，一定是有名词出现，可
能是马老师，也可能是宠物。比如：李老师养宠物，或者马老师养花草。
连词的本质是看：重复的名词。
真题-北京卷
Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and
the reward, the risk seems worth taking. 1 Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare
the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.
F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.【解析】根据上句中…when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking…，同时结
合选项F中…the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards可知。
四、万能法：李宇春原则
【原理】概念限定原则：中间句出现的概念，会被上下句限定。
【举例】男人帅， ，李宇春帅。中间填什么句子？
①李宇春是男人。②女人也帅。③不但男人帅，女人帅。
分析：根据概念限定原则，中间句会出现“男人，帅，李宇春”等相同或相关的词。必须要承上
启下，老人也帅，这个答案就是错的。“老人”是新信息。除非李宇春是个老人。
【注意】万能法没有要求前后一定同时呼应。
真题-全国3卷
"I adore dancing, " says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. "I can't imagine doing
anything else with my life." Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. "Teaching dance is
wonderful. 2 It's great to watch them. For many of them, it's a way of meeting people and having a
social life."
D. My older students say it makes them feel young.'【解析】上一句提到舞蹈教学，下一句又紧接着It's great to watch them. 可推知空格处应与教学活
动有关。student与上句的teach呼应，且My older students与下一句的them与相呼应。故选D。
五、高考真题演练
1. 2023年2月四省联考
There has been a very serious decline in the numbers of shallow-water fish as a result of overfishing.
People still want to eat fish, so the fishing industry must look at other sources, especially the deep waters of the
Atlantic. ____16____
.
Conservation measures will have to be put in place if these deep-sea fish are to survive Research on five
such species shows that numbers have declined by between 87 percent and 98 percent. ____17____ Many
species could well disappear completely if the present trend continues. These are species that have been
swimming in our oceans for hundreds of millions of years.
The problem is emphasized by the fact that the decline in numbers happened in less than twenty years.
Deep-sea fish take a long time to reproduce and normally live for many years. ____18____ The average size
of such fish also declined, with one species showing a 57 percent decline in average size. This is of particular
concern, as large fish tend to produce more offspring than small ones.
____19____ The deep-sea species have been caught as if they were the fast-breeding (快速繁殖) fish like
sardine and herring. It is like killing elephants as if they reproduced at the same rate as rabbits.
The damage done by overfishing goes beyond the sea environment. Millions of people make a living in
the fishing industry. ____20____ Measures must be taken to not only conserve ecosystems, but also sustain
livelihoods and ensure food security.
.
A Billions of people rely on fish for protein.
B. Many people now choose not to eat deep-sea fish.
C. Unfortunately, their reproduction rate is very low.
D. This puts them in the category of “critically endangered”.
E. None of these facts has been taken into account by the fishing industry.
F. Overfishing is a major cause of decline in populations of ocean wildlife.
G. This has resulted in a sharp decline in the numbers of many of the species caught.【答案】16. G 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了由于过度捕捞浅水鱼类的数量已经严重下降，以及由此导致的
后果。
【16题详解】
根据上文“People still want to eat fish, so the fishing industry must look at other sources, especially the deep
waters of the Atlantic.”（人们仍然想吃鱼，因此渔业必须寻找其他来源，特别是大西洋的深水区）推
知，选项承接上文说明以上做法导致的不良影响。故G选项“这导致许多被捕获物种的数量急剧下
降”切题。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Research on five such species shows that numbers have declined by between 87 percent and 98
percent.”（对五种这样的物种的研究表明，数量下降了87%到98%）可知，数量下降到了一定程度，
我们便称为它们为“极度濒危”物种。故D选项“这使得它们被归为“极度濒危”物种”切题，this指
代上文提到的“numbers have declined by between 87 percent and 98 percent.”。故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Deep-sea fish take a long time to reproduce and normally live for many years.”（深海鱼类需要
很长时间繁殖，通常可以活很多年）根据下文“The average size of such fish also declined, with one
species showing a 57 percent decline in average size. This is of particular concern, as large fish tend to produce
more offspring than small ones.”（这些鱼的平均尺寸也在下降，其中一个物种的平均尺寸下降了57%。
这一点值得特别关注，因为大鱼往往比小鱼生育更多的后代）可知，选项承接上下文说明深海鱼类的
繁殖率非常低。故C选项“不幸的是，它们的繁殖率非常低”切题。故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“The deep-sea species have been caught as if they were the fast-breeding (快速繁殖) fish like
sardine and herring. It is like killing elephants as if they reproduced at the same rate as rabbits.”（深海鱼类
被捕获，仿佛它们是沙丁鱼和鲱鱼等快速繁殖的鱼类。这就像把大象当作繁殖速度飞快的兔子杀死一
样）可知，渔业忽略了一些物种繁殖速度慢的事实。故E选项“渔业没有考虑到这些事实”故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Millions of people make a living in the fishing industry.”（数百万人以渔业为生）可知，选项
与上文为并列关系，说明渔业对人的重要作用。故A选项“数十亿人依赖鱼类获取蛋白质”切题。故
选A项。2. 2023年1月浙江卷
With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next
domestic vacation on a train? Compared to other alternatives, it’s comfortable and relaxing. Here is some
advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible.
Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly.
____36____ But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in
advance.
Use a travel agent. Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-check
all the details, make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations. A good one can sometimes find you
discounted tickets. ____37____ Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three
times a day for your meals.
Bring a blanket. When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if
your trip is an overnight one. ____38____ In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them
quite cold.
Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours
can be a disaster. ____39____ Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times.
Have fun. ____40____ Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold
outside the window. To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600(the number of seconds in an hour)by the
number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance between two mileposts). If it takes the train 53
seconds to travel one mile, you’re going 67.92 mph.
A. Train trips aren’t for impatient types.
B. You’ll have views from both sides of the train.
C. The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control.
D. That’s particularly true during busy summer months.
E. You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one.
F. Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom.
G. He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner.
【答案】36. D 37. G 38. C 39. E 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述一些关于如何使坐火车旅行尽可能愉快的建议。【36题详解】
根据上文“Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very
quickly.(提前计划。大多数长途火车，尤其是卧铺，很快就卖光了。)”以及下文“But no matter when
you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance. (但无论你什么时候去旅行，
最好至少提前90天预订。)”可知，大多数长途火车的卧铺很容易被定完，所以要提前安排预定，D项
“在繁忙的夏季尤其如此。”符合语境，D项中“busy summer months”与前后文呼应，说明忙碌的夏
季尤其需要提前计划。故选D项。
【37题详解】
根据上文“A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. (一个好的旅行社有时可以帮你找到打折
的票。)”以及下文“Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day
for your meals. (这样你就不必为了吃饭而每天三次在行驶的火车上穿过几节车厢了。)”可知，好的旅
行社帮你预定，不仅可以找到打折的票，还可以节省从卧铺到餐车的距离，G项中“book you in a
sleeping car that’s right next to the diner”与前后文对应，因此推断G项“他可能还会给你预订餐厅旁边
的卧铺车厢。”符合语境。故选G项。
【38题详解】
根据上文“When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an
overnight one.(当你乘坐火车时，你不会免费获得一条毯子，即使你的旅行是过夜的。)”以及下文“In
the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold. (特别是在夏天，空调会让他们很
冷。)”可知，这里提到了车厢内温度的问题，提醒乘客最好自备毛毯，C项中“The temperature on
rail cars”与前后文对应，因此推断C项“列车上的温度通常很难控制。”符合语境。故选C项。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be
a disaster.(大多数火车每天只开一趟，有些火车一周只开三趟，所以错过你的火车可能是一场灾难。)”
以及下文“Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times. (注意:时刻表上列
出的时间是出发时间，不是到达时间。)”可知，本段提醒要提前安排时间，错过时间是很麻烦的事情，
E项中“You might have to wait longer”与前后文对应，说明错过火车导致的结果，因此推断E项“你
可能要等上超过24小时才能赶上下一班。”符合语境。故选E项。
【40题详解】
根据上文“Have fun.(玩得开心)”以及下文“To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600(the number of
seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance between twomileposts).”(要计算你的速度，用3600(一小时的秒数)除以你走一英里(两个里程碑之间的距离)所花费
的秒数。)”可知，本段讲述如何度过乘车时间，A项中讲到火车旅行不适合没有耐心的人与后文要计
算时间，用不同的方式打发时间对应，符合语境。故选A项。
3. 【2022年新高考1卷】
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One
reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another
read: “___36___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微
妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner?
First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___37___ Or do you just want to be physically
fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your
workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result
in a useful response. ___38___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same
gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of
training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each
session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number.
___39___
You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___40___ Over time, both of you will
benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core
(核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice?
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. G 40. F【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴。
【36题详解】
根据前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partne.”
One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,”(《健身杂
志》最近刊登了一篇题为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在
健身房等你，你就会去锻炼。”)”可知，这里陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由。所以选择项
C“You'll work harder if you train with someone else.(如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力。)”符合上
下文语境。故选C。
【37题详解】
根据前文“First of all, decide what you want from that person. (首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到什
么。)”和后文“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility?(或者
你只是想要身体健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性?)”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的
目的。所以选择项D“Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? (你想在你最喜欢的运动
项目上成为更好的运动员吗?)”符合上下文语境。故选D。
【38题详解】
根据前文“You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but probably won't
result in a useful response. (你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的
回应。)”和后文“If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.(如果
你打算在健身房锻炼，那个人一定是同一个健身房的。)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的
特点。所以选择项B“A workout partner usually needs to live close by. (锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附
近。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
【39题详解】
根据前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what
kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on
each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number.
(我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每
周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供
了她的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的
信息。所以选择项G“Any notice for a training partner should include such information. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
【40题详解】
根据前文“You and your partner will probably have different skills. (你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技
能。)”和后文“Over time, both of you will benefit -- your partner will be able to lift more weights and
you will become more physically fit.(久而久之，你们双方都会受益——你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，
你也会变得更健康。)”可知，要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。所以选择项F“Just accept
your differences and learn to work with each other. (接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作。)”符合上下文
语境。故选F。
4. 【2022年新高考2卷】
Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if
you learn to practice three simple techniques.
___16___ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and
write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free.
___17___ Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone,
it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. ___18___
Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full
of crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an
exploration, not as a complete highway.
The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for
revision. ___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their
draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to
work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. ___20___ The resulting blank
space invites you to revise.
A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
.
【答案】16 D 17. B 18. E 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。
【16题详解】
空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your
pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. (当
你第一次想写一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写10到15分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可
知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，D选项“First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
(首先，学习不间断写作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句，故选D。
【17题详解】
空前说“Stay loose and free. (保持宽松和自由。)”，空后说“Don’t worry about grammar or spelling.
(不要担心语法和拼写。)”，因此空格处应说按心里想的写，自由发挥，B选项“Let your pen
follow the waves of thought. (让你的笔跟随思想的波浪。)”说明了按自己的思路和想法来写，因此
承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
【18题详解】
空前说“The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. (下一个
技巧是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说“Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you
will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. (然而，通过学习与
不完美共存，你将避免自己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸篓。)”，E选项“Too many writers try
to get their drafts right the first time. (太多的作家试图在第一次就把草稿写好。)”中的“get their
drafts”和上文的“write your draft”相呼应，说明了有很多人想一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会
允许不完美的存在，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
【19题详解】
空前说“The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for
revision. (第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。)”，F选项“Many beginning
writers don’t leave enough space to revise. (许多初来乍到的作者没有留出足够的修改空间。)”中的
“revise”和前面的“revision”一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其中的“Many beginning
writers”和后文的“these writers”相互呼应，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。【20题详解】
空前说“After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your
changes into your word processor. (当你修改你的草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续工作，你可以把
你的修改输入到你的文字处理器中。)”，空后说“The resulting blank space invites you to revise. (由
此产生的空白允许您修改。)”，因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G选项“Then
you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space. (然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，
同样将文本设置为三倍行距。)”说的是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和
后文的“The resulting blank space”相呼应，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
5. 【2022年全国甲卷】
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___36___.
Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter
where you are in the world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them
down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front
of you. ___37___.
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France
expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___38___, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile,
you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push
food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
___39___. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like
their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in
various countries. ___40___, the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given countryC. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
【答案】36. D 37. F 38. C 39. G 40. B
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事情。
【36题详解】
根据文章标题“Important Things to Know When Dining Out (外出就餐时要知道的重要事情)”可知，
本文主要介绍的是外出就餐时应该知道的重要事情。由此可知，D项“Don’t get caught making
an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant (不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误)”符合语境，其中“at a
restaurant”对应标题中的“When Dining Out”，同时引起下文“Knowing some tips will help ensure
that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. (知道
一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉快的晚餐——无论你在世界的哪个地方)”。
故选D。
【37题详解】
根据本段小标题“Chopstick Rules”可知，本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的规则。根据上文“When
you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the
table in front of you. (当你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样它们就
和你面前的桌子边缘平行了)”可知，此处讲述了正确使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F项“Never
stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them (不要把它们笔直地插在你的食物中，也
不要在使用它们时交叉放置)”讲述的也是使用筷子时的注意事项，符合此处语境，其中“them”指
的是上文的“chopsticks”。故选F。
【38题详解】
根据本段小标题“Hands or Utensils (餐具)”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文
“In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France
expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. (在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法
国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭)”及下文“instead preferring to use their hands (相反更愿意使用他
们的双手)”可知，此处在讲述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。由此可知，C项“Mexicansconsider it inappropriate to eat with utensils (墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)”符合语境，与下
文形成转折关系。故选C。
【39题详解】
根据本段小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“In
Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning
skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. (在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的
错误，因为这向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要求在食物中添
加额外的奶酪)”可推知，在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很无礼的。由此可知，G项“It may seem
like simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal (吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单)”符合此处语境，
其中“request”是关键词，说明，在用餐时提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。
故选G。
【40题详解】
根据下文“the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. (你就会对它的
外国文化习俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习俗，且此处
是“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，B项“The more time you spend in any given country (你在某个
国家待的时间越长)”符合文意，引出下文。故选B。
6. 【2022年全国乙卷】
Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持)
long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with
one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___36___.
·More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be
contacted and what method works best for you both. ___37___. There are alternatives to constant written
communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
___38___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands
placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the factthat your friend may feel abandoned.
· ___39___
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although
technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days.
Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure
nothing slips by you.
·Don’t rely on technology alone
___40___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to
sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together
whenever possible.
A. Remember important dates
B. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
【答案】36. D 37. E 38. G 39. A 40. F
【解析】
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。
【36题详解】
上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.”（平日繁忙，很难抽出时间
的
打电话。）讲 是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D项“尽量找个双方都有空的时间
去打电话，并坚持下去” 给出了解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。故选D项。
【37题详解】
上文“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be
contacted and what method works best for you both.”（确保你已经和你的朋友沟通过，了解你们想要
联系的频率，以及哪种方法对你们双方都最有效。）提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式，E项
“朋友需要谈论他们喜欢的交流方式”承接上文，进一步提出对交流的方法的沟通，下文“There
are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a groupchat.”（除了持续的文字交流，还有其他选择，比如留下语音信息或进行群聊。）对E项中的
“methods of communication”进行了举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
【38题详解】
下文“The friend who is remaining”（留下来的朋友）和“The one in the new environment”（在新环
境中的那个）提到朋友的两个不同处境，G项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下
的那一方”指出了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend who left”和“the
one who was left behind”分别对应下文“The one in the new environment”和“The friend who is
remaining”，所以G项符合题意。故选G项。
【39题详解】
分析文章结构可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五段的小标题。下文
“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.”（周年纪念日和生
日对于异地友谊而言是非常重要的。）讲的是诸如周年纪念日和生日等重要的日子对于维系异地
友谊是非常重要的，由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是A项“记得重要的日子”，所
以A项符合题意。故选A项。
【40题详解】
设空处所在句子的后半句“but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more
conscious effort to sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去
维系。）讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F
项“朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与
朋友产生联结，与后半句“require more conscious effort to sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“social
media”呼应了该段的小标题“Don’t rely on technology alone”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的
“technology”。故选F项。
7. 【2022年6月北京卷】
Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend
to ignore our health. ____35____ It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases.
____36____ We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally
be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time.
We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses.
____37____ This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not inaccordance with our age and the climatic conditions we live in.
It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. ____38____ For instance, we
must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for
different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age.
Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep
every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. ____39____
This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness.
A. Fitness levels decide the quality of life.
B. Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.
C. It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.
D. For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.
E. If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner.
F. There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.
G. This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.
【答案】35. G 36. B 37. D 38. F 39. C
【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是健康和健身之间密不可分的关系以及我们应该通
过哪些健身的方式来让自己有一个健康的身体。
35.【解析】
根据空前“Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures,
we tend to ignore our health.(健康和健身帮助一个人过上良好和健康的生活。由于各种各样的压力，
我们往往会忽视自己的健康。)”可知因为各种压力，我们的健康容易被忽视，根据空后“It is the
fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases.(正是我们身体的健康水平帮助我们对抗这些
疾病。)”可知身体的健康可以让我们应对各种疾病，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲忽视健康对
我们的身体及生活的影响。G项“This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.(这使我
们的身体遭受痛苦，而且我们会感染其他疾病。)”承接上文，引出下文，而且 G项中的 other
diseases与空后的these diseases相互照应，符合上下文语境。故选G项。
36.【解析】
根据空后“We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be
attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body.(为了拥有一个健康的身体我们需要健康。同样，
如果我们是健康的，我们自然会被保持健康的身体所吸引。)”可知健康的身体与健身是密不可分
的，空处位于句首，应是本段的主旨句，B项“Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.(健康和健身是相互关联的。)”概括全段的主要内容，符合上下文语境。故选B项。
37.【解析】
根据空前“Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a
weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses.(健康是在特定时间内我们身体的状态。我们可能
没有任何疾病，但身体仍然虚弱，随时会被病毒攻击。)”可知我们的身体虽然没有生病，但也很
虚弱，随时会生病，根据空后“This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy.(这并不一定意
味着我们不健康。)”可知生病并不一定表明我们是不健康的。空处承上启下，所以空处应该举例
说明我们的身体在虚弱的情况下会生病这样一种状况，D项“For instance, we may have a tendency
to catch a cold easily.(例如，我们可能很容易感冒。)”举例说明我们的身体会在虚弱的情况下生病，
承接上文，引出下文，而且空后的This指代D项的we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily这
种情况，符合上下文语境。故选D项。
38.【解析】
根据空前“It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness.(对每个人来说，花些
时间在健康和健身方面是很重要的。)”可知我们应该花时间去健身，根据空后“For instance, we
must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style.(例如，我们必须每天锻炼，不管我们的年
龄和工作方式。)”可知我们应该每天坚持锻炼，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们应该通
过哪些活动来进行锻炼，F项“There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.(在我们
的生活中有一些活动是每个人都应该做的。)”承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选F项。
39.【解析】
根据空前“We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our
immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases.(我们每天至少应该有6到8个小时的睡眠。它
有助于改善我们的免疫系统，保护我们抵抗疾病。)”可知我们应该保障充足的睡眠，根据空后
“This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness.(这反过来又给了我们健康和健身的新目标。)”
可知充足的睡眠会对我们的健康和健身目标很有好处，空处承上启下，所以空处应该继续讲充足
的睡眠的好处，C项“It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.(它也帮助我们保持冷静和
放松我们的大脑。)”进一步讲了充足的睡眠对于我们的好处，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文
语境。故选C项。
8. 【2022年6月浙江卷】
I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their Christmas wishlists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give Santa
some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. ____11____
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our
purpose is to achieve something;other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. ____12____ And
when writing doesn’t seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be
hard to get excited about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When
children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly.
____13____ You write “Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him
respect.
____14____ Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are
constantly producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends,
they use informal language most of the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the
job done. ____15____ This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future
employer or a potential client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their
language to match their audience.
A. It isn’t that these young people can’t write.
B. But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be.
C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E. You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.
F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G. But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
【答案】11. D 12. B 13. E 14. F 15. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过讲述孩子们通过给圣诞老人写信暗示得到自己心仪的礼物，
从而论证观点：人们写作都是带有某种目的的。
【11题详解】
根据空前“As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their
presents. (随着孩子们逐渐长大，他们会给圣诞老人一些提示，告诉他去哪里买礼物。)”可知，孩子们给圣诞老人提示去哪买礼物。结合选项可知，D项“As a result, each year they received
something they wanted. (结果，他们每年都会收到他们想要的东西。)”为孩子们提示的结果：收到
心仪的礼物。前后为明显的因果关系。故选D项。
【12题详解】
根据空前“Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times t may be to entertain, inform, or
persuade. (有时我们的目的是为了获得东西，有时可能是为了娱乐、告知或说服。)”可知，我们
写作都是带着目的的。结合选项B“But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be. (但它总是有目
的的——或者至少应该是这样。)”可知，前后语意一致，说明写作是带有目的的。故选B项。
【13题详解】
根据空前“When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their
words accordingly. (当孩子们为真正的读者和真正的目的写作时，他们就能学会相应地选择用
词。)”以及空后“You write “Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show
him respect. (你写“亲爱的圣诞老人”是因为你不认识他，你想表达对他的尊重。)”可知，空后句
和空前句之间是“理论——实践”的关系，由此可推知，空处也应为具体的实践。结合选项
E“You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them. (你写“嗨，奶奶和爸爸”，因为你和
他们很亲近。)”可知，符合这一逻辑。而且和空后结构一致。故选E项。
【14题详解】
根据空后“Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are
constantly producing written messages. (在玩电子游戏时发短信、在线消息、实时聊天都意味着他们
在不断地产生书面信息。 )”可知，科技的发展让人们的写作变得更普遍。结合选项F“As
technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have. (随着科技的发展，年轻人写
的东西比以前更多了。)”可知，前后语意一致，符合语境。故选F项。
【15题详解】
根据空前“There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and
gets the job done. (这种写作方式并没有错。它迎合了观众和目的，完成了任务。)”可知，作者在评
价这种科技影响下的写作方式。结合选项G“But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it
will cause problems. (但如果这是年轻人唯一的写作方式，那就会造成问题。)”可知，前后语意一致，
从正反两方面评价科技带来的写作。故选G项。
9. 【2022年1月浙江卷】I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do,but I have made specific choices that allow me to
make the most of every day,and still feel happy and relaxed 31
Pick the most important
32 Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive . I chose the life of an adviser
because I like to work with companies ,but don’t want the life of a big company CEO. My
choices are based on the lifestyle I want.
Combine your activities
Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with
friends,family,work,play ,etc 33 Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner .Build your
social life around people in your work environment .Find people in your company who share
common interests and develop your career (职业）around the people and activities you love.
34
You would think learning takes more time from you,but actually there are always new ways
of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks,freeing you up for the most
important .Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there.
Lighten up
The world won’t come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things
undone .Celebrate progress and keep refining( 改 进 )toward a happy productive
existence 35 . Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.
A.Speed up
B.Be an active learner
C.Stop trying to balance time between them all
D.Make choices about what is meaningful in your life
E.The things you do well usually give you greater joy
F.Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time
G.This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook
【参考答案】FDCBG
第31题 考查行文逻辑。根据前文: but 1 have made specific choice that allow me to make the most of
every day…以及下文的各个小标题可知，第一段尾句为承上启下。 F意为：或许这些建议能帮助
你充分利用时间。符合逻辑，故答案选F。第32题 考查行文逻辑。小标题为：选择最重要的东西。空格后说：把时间集中花在对你来说是
有趣和有意的事情上。前后是顺承关系，选项 D 中选择有意义的事情。符合前后文逻辑, 故答案
选D。
第33题 考查行文逻辑。前文figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc._。后
文Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.。C 选项中的代词them是承接指代上下文内容，
句意也是别再试图平衡这么多东西。符合行文逻辑，故答案选C。
第34题 考查主旨大意。后文说：你可能会认为学习需要花费你更多的时间，但实际上总有新的
方式可以节省你在日常任务上的时间，让你腾出时间去做最重要的是事情。要一直寻找新的方式。
反复提到的学习新的方式。B 选项意为：做一个积极的学习者。符合题意，故答案选B。
第35题 考查行文逻辑：前文说：庆祝进步，不断改进。后文说：每一次完成都是一次小小的胜
利。G 选项中的make lists指代的就是清单中每一项完成就是小小的胜利。符合逻辑，故答案选
G。
10. 【2021年新高考1卷】
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 1 So the first thing we did was rent a
fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to
leave our suitcases in the hallway.
The place wasn't entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the
plumbing （水管）worked. 2 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that
said, "Ouverture des portes, " in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it's
a shame l don't have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in
this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. 3 French
strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor
bombs.4 On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up
some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon.
My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost ＄18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency （效率）. You can tell this
by café life. French cafés are always crowded. 5 When do these people work? The French
take their 35-hour workweek seriously—so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal
with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on
call.
A.Not all the customers are tourists.
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G.The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy.
【参考答案】
【文章大意】作者通过亲身体验，感受了法国高品质的生活：高级公寓，美味食物，舒缓的生活
节奏和每周35小时的工作时间。
【解析】1 ：F。考查段中空。解题语句：前后句。分析题目可知，空后的 So表明该空与空后句
为因果逻辑关系，又根据空前句作者夫妇在法国度过了一周，可知，他们的目的是想体验法国当
地人的生活，所以他们租了一间公寓。故选F。
2 ：C。考查段中空。解题语句：前后句。分析题目可知，空前的plumbing，空后的building, lift
是在介绍作者夫妇租住的公寓，与C选项中的kitchen和bed为同话题词复现。故选C。
3 ：G。考查段中空。解题语句：空前句。分析题目可知，空前一句eat great food and never gain
weight与G选项中so delicious that you don't need much of it构成同义替换。故选G。
4 ：E。考查段首空。解题语句：空后句。分析题目可知，前文提到法国人与你我不同之处在于他
们吃的食物很精致，摄入量很少，所以他们的体重不会增加，空后提到作者夫妇的一次经历，通
过But they cost ＄18可知法国的食物很贵，这也是法国人食物摄入量少的另外一个原因。故选
E。5 ：A。考查段中空。解题语句：前后句。分析题目可知，空前 always crowded提到咖啡馆里人很
多，且French cafés与A选项中的customers为同话题词复现，又根据空后 When do these people
work？以及The French可知咖啡馆的顾客中不光有游客，也有法国当地人。故选A。
2.【2021年全国甲卷】
You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper.
Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources （资源） to make, and buying loads of new
clothing (or throwing out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all
those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom
floor? 1 . It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends,
and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and,
obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
• Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection. 2 , and there may not be enough
things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
• 3 . They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes
home.
• Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. 4 . Place a few
mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the
ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them —
things always look different when you put them on.
• Set a starting time. Maybe you say "go, " or turn on a certain song, or whatever. 5 .
And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A.Less people than that
B.Hold a clothing swapC.If two people are competing
D.Just keep music playing throughout
E.Donate whatever clothes are left over
F.Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G.Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
【参考答案】
【文章大意】：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何进行旧衣服的分类和处理，以使衣服得到循
环利用。
1 ：B。考查过渡句。空后句意为这是最好的方法摆脱你的旧衣服，得分从你的朋友，并有一个聚
会，所有在同一时间。此空前一句作者提出问题：那么如何处理那些状况良好但你又不喜欢的堆
在卧室地板上的衣服呢？再结合下一段开头 "A successful swap一个成功的交换" ，故这里答案选
B（举办服装交换派对）。
2 ：A。考查过渡句。根据分号后面的句式 "more than that, and…" , 说明空格应该选和其一致的
句式， "Less people than that" 正好对应了此句式。带入验证，翻译：人比这少，可能没有足够的
东西可供选择；不仅如此，它变得无法控制。可知正符合。故选A。
3 ：G。考查开头句。根据空后 "They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new"
clothes home. " 他们还应该准备大量可重复使用的袋子，把 "新" 衣服带回家。从also可以得知，
大家应该把衣服带来，故选G。
4 ：F。考查过渡句。空前句意为把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不同地方。空后句意为在你的房间
周围放几面镜子，这样人们在试穿时就能看到东西的样子。由此推之，这里应该是让大家把各自
的衣服放在房间合适的地方，故选F。
5 ：D。考查过渡句。此空前一句意为 "或许你可以说开始或者打开某首歌曲或者别的什么"。由
此可以推之，这里应该是把音乐循环播放。故选D。
11. 【2021年新高考2卷】
If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably doesnot matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of
being able to read more quickly. ____16____
·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your
back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. ____17____
____18____ Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to
decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this
way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run.
If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time.
____19____ A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one
dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may
only be able to read one page.
Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. ____20____Note also the facts important for your
purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You don't have to write these things in
detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder .
A. Stop to have a rest now and then.
B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
C. This depends on the type of book you are reading.
D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance.
F. You may find yourself having to leam something by heart.
G. Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read
-probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate
the benefits of being able to read more quickly.（如果你唯一的阅读是小说或杂志，那么你阅读的速
度可能并不重要。但是，如果你必须大量阅读来学习，你就会感激能够更快地阅读的好处。）”
可知，接下来要介绍提高阅读速度的方法。D项：Here are some tips to help improve your reading
speed.（这里有一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。）符合语境。故选D。【17题详解】
根据本段主题句“Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable.（在你打开书之前，
确保你感到舒服。）”可知，本段主要说明要给自己创造舒适的阅读环境。G项：Keep the room
cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.（保持房间凉爽而不是温暖以避免困倦。）符合语境。
故选G。
【18题详解】
空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc（查
看目录、前言、章节标题等。）”可知，本段主要讲述在阅读一本书之前要先浏览一下大致内容。
B项：Spend a few minutes looking through the book.（花几分钟浏览一下这本书。）符合语境。故
选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time.
（如果你决定要读完整本书，决定一下你一次能读多少。）”和下文“A history book which may
contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects.（以故事形
式包含事实的历史书比科学题材的书更容易阅读。）”可知，看书时间的长短取决于书的类型。C
项：This depends on the type of book you are reading.（这取决于你读的书的类型。）符合语境。故
选C。
【20题详解】
根据段落主题句“Always keep a pencil and paper beside you.（总是在身边放一支铅笔和一张纸。）”
可知，本段强调要随时注意记笔记。E项：Make a note of any page which is of special importance.
（把任何有特别重要的一页都记下来。）符合语境。故选E。
12. 【2021年6月全国甲卷】
You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper.
Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources （资源） to make, and buying loads of new
clothing (or throwing out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all
those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom
floor? 1 . It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes from your friends,
and have a party all at the same time.A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and,
obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
• Invite 5-10 people so you have a nice selection. 2 , and there may not be enough
things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
• 3 . They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes
home.
• Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. 4 . Place a few
mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the
ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them —
things always look different when you put them on.
• Set a starting time. Maybe you say "go, " or turn on a certain song, or whatever. 5 .
And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A.Less people than that
B.Hold a clothing swap
C.If two people are competing
D.Just keep music playing throughout
E.Donate whatever clothes are left over
F.Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G.Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
【答案】BAGFD
解析
主旨概要：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何进行旧衣服的分类和处理，以使衣服得到循环利用。
1 ：考查过渡句。空后句意为这是最好的方法摆脱你的旧衣服，得分从你的朋友，并有一个聚会，
所有在同一时间。此空前一句作者提出问题：那么如何处理那些状况良好但你又不喜欢的堆在卧
室地板上的衣服呢？再结合下一段开头 "A successful swap一个成功的交换" ，故这里答案选B
（举办服装交换派对）。
2 ：考查过渡句。根据分号后面的句式 "more than that, and…" , 说明空格应该选和其一致的句式，
"Less people than that" 正好对应了此句式。带入验证，翻译：人比这少，可能没有足够的东西可
供选择；不仅如此，它变得无法控制。可知正符合。故选A。
3 ：考查开头句。根据空后 "They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new"
clothes home. " 他们还应该准备大量可重复使用的袋子，把 "新" 衣服带回家。从also可以得知，
大家应该把衣服带来，故选G。
4 ：考查过渡句。空前句意为把不同类型的衣服放在房间的不同地方。空后句意为在你的房间周
围放几面镜子，这样人们在试穿时就能看到东西的样子。由此推之，这里应该是让大家把各自的
衣服放在房间合适的地方，故选F。
5 ：考查过渡句。此空前一句意为 "或许你可以说开始或者打开某首歌曲或者别的什么"。由此可
以推之，这里应该是把音乐循环播放。故选D。
13. 【2021年全国乙卷】
According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it's not difficult to make yourself
interesting at a dinner party.
1 , if you're out of your comfort zone or if you're wandering into somebody's house for
the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and
talking to strangers.
People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other
than "What do you do for a living? ", you'll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out
of whomever it is you're talking to. 2 , it can bring in "I have this old, broken-down vehicle"
or "I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back." It just
opens up conversation.3 ? If you can't take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their
soapbox（讲台）. If you're the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something
and just remove them from the situation. 4 .
And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you're faced with an
awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give
the host a compliment （赞扬）. 5 . Just quickly turn around and say, "This cake is
extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it."
So being interesting at a dinner party isn't that hard.
A.How do you know the host
B.The first step is to go exploring
C.If you ask the question "How did you get here?"
D.Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E.Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F.What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talking
G.He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
【参考答案】
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在宴会上如何使自己变得有趣、避免尴尬和沉默的
一些具体做法，如积极地提出问题，赞美主人等。
【解析】1 ：B。考查段首空。解题语句：空后段落内容。分析题目可知，空后的内容out of your
comfort zone, show up and be adventurous与B选项中go exploring构成同义替换。故选B。
2 ：C。考查段中空。解题语句：空后一句。分析题目可知，空后 vehicle和bus均为交通方式，
又结合前文start the conversation with a question可知，该空应为提问客人是如何到达的。故选C。
3 ：F。考查段首空。解题语句：空后一句。分析题目可知，空后一句can't take their wine away与
F选项中too much to drink构成同义替换以及take away their soapbox与F选项中won't stop talking
构成同义替换。故选F。4 ：E。考查段尾空。解题语句：空前一句。分析题目可知，前文if you're the host, you can…是在
对应付饮酒过量或话很多的一类人提出的一种处理方式，E选项… where they have little to say是
在提出另外一种解决方式。故选E。
5 ：G。考查段中空。解题语句：空前一句。分析题目可知，前文提到碰到大家都沉默的情况下，
缓解尴尬的方式是对主人提出赞扬，空后给出具体方式。空前 awkward silence 与 G 选项
awkwardness构成同义替换，G选项中He or she指代前文host。故选G。
14. 【2021年6月浙江卷】
You've got mail…and it's a postcard
Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and
find a brightly colored picture of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or China's Great
Wall. 1
"I often send postcards to family and friends, " he says to China Daily, "but you can imagine
that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into
it, 2 " Seeking other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat
unlikely place: online, Many would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the
traditional postal service, but Paulo's hunch（直觉）paid off.
Today his hobby has developed into the website postcrossing. com, a social network that has
grown to 575, 217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 years
ago. 3 Running the website has almost turned into a full-time job.
Language is certainly a barrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a
common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. As cool
as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't
understand it. 4 So a common language is required and in postcrossing that's English since
it's widely spoken.
"Many people in China have limited exposure to Engish. 5 That said, we know of many
postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills
through their use of postcrossing. " Paulo says.A.And that's totally fine.
B.That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
C.He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby.
D.Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world.
E.On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million.
F.Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun
away.
G.In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from
someone far away.
【参考答案】
【文章大意】一位热爱明信片的电脑工程师把这项热爱发展成了他的全职事业，并介绍了一些写
明信片的困难和益处。
【解析】1.G。考查与上文的联系。前文以具体形象的例子表现主人公对明信片的喜爱：loves
open…and find a brightly colored picture of…，or…or…，这些brightly colored pictures正是明信片。
因此，下一句进行总结。In short简言之，就是上文的概括，概括为loves postcards and the
excitement…喜欢明信片，喜欢收到远方朋友手写卡片的兴奋感。故选G项。
2 ：A。考查前后文联系。上文说 "你意识到并不是每个人都喜欢明信片"，下文说 "寻找其他志
同道合的人……" 表示主人公接受上文所讲事实，然后才能和有共同兴趣的人继续自己的爱好。A
项 "这完全没问题" 正是表示主人公接受这一点。故选A项。
3 ：E。考查段落主旨和前后文联系。全段都在写主人公将自己的爱好发展成了一个成功的社交网
站。前文的各项数据也和E项的数据衔接自然，都是在介绍这个网站的成功；同时，这些数据的
量都很大，使得空白后 "运营这个网站几乎成了全职工作" 成为必然的结果。故选E项。
4 ：F。考查段落主旨和前后文联系。全段都在写对于写明信片来说，语言可能是一个障碍。4空
前是具体的论据 "尽管收到一封用中文写的明信片很酷，但如果收信人不理解中文的话，这个明信片就没什么意义" 。紧接着加F项 "类似地，如果你只讲中文，收到一封瑞典语的明信片也会
让乐趣大打折扣" 同样都是对段落主旨的论证，而在衔接上用了similarly也很自然，故选F项。
5 ：B。考查与上文的联系。前文说 "很多中国人对英语的接触有限"，这导致用英语写明信片比
较难，正是B项所说 "那使得学习和练习写英语明信片尤其得难"。选项中That指代上文的句子；
而句尾的it指代上一段段尾句English is required in postcrossing。B项与上文衔接紧密，故选B项。
2020年高考真题
15. 【2021年3月天津卷】
I've always been creative since I was a little girl. My childhood was filled with arts, crafts
（手工）and music, and every day was an exciting adventure of creation.
Somewhere along the way, however, I lost touch with my creative self. At 21, I landed a job
at a big insurance company out of my business degree. I would go to the office, sit at my desk and
repeat the same work five days a week 9 to 5. The days were long and tedious. Working this way
for one year was painful enough, let alone a lifetime. Before long I decided to make a change.
One thing I had developed an interest in was sewing, so I took a sewing course at a
community college. It was only a five-week course but it awakened my interest and got my
confidence up.
As I dreamt bigger, I began looking into college courses for Fashion Design and three months
later I signed up for a part-time design course. I attended classes two nights a week. Although
exhausting, it gave me energy, enthusiasm and happiness.
As it became clearer that fashion was what I wanted to do full time, the reality of my day-to-
day work at the insurance company became harder. I felt bored. No energy, no motivation and
zero fulfilment（满足感）.
I knew I needed to make a bigger change. After struggling for quite a while, I made a difficult
decision-leaving my job and studying my design course full time. Two years later I got my
diploma.The last few years have been exciting because I've been following my heart to do what I love.
Today I am living a creative life as the designer of my own fashion brand.
Sometimes it's hard to make a change, but I'm so glad I set the wheels of change in motion
with that very small first step because it has led me to where I am today.
1. What was the author interested in when she was a little girl? (no more than 10 words)
2. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 mean? (1 word)
3. How did the author feel when she was taking the part-time design course? (no more than 10 words)
4. What did the author do to get back to her creative life? Give two of the facts. (no more than 15
words)
5. Do you consider the author as your role model? Please explain. (no more than 20 words)
【答案】
1.She was interested in arts, crafts and music./She was interested in creative things.
2.Boring./Dull./Uninteresting.
3.She felt/was energetic, enthusiastic and happy./She was filled with energy, enthusiasm and
happiness.
4.She quit/quitted her job and took the fashion-design course./She attended a sewing class and took a
part-time design course.
5.Yes, (I do). She has the courage to follow her heart and do what she really likes./ Yes, (I do). I'd like
to live a creative life and make changes when necessary as she did./No, (I don't). I don't like changes and I
want to live a secure life.
【解析】文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者坚持做自己真正喜欢做的事情，最后取
得了成功。
细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容 "I've always been creative since I was a little girl. My
childhood was filled with arts, crafts（手工）and music, and every day was an exciting adventure of
creation.（从我还是一个小女孩的时候起，我就很有创造力。我的童年充满了艺术、手工艺和音乐，
每一天都是令人兴奋的创作冒险。）" 可知，从作者还是一个小女孩的时候起，她就对有创意的
东西感兴趣，对艺术、手工艺和音乐感兴趣。故答案为：She was interested in arts, crafts and
music./She was interested in creative things.2词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句后句 "Working this way for one year was painful enough, let
alone a lifetime. Before long I decided to make a change.（这样工作一年已经够痛苦的了，更别说一
辈子了。不久我决定做出改变。）" 可知，作者现在的工作让她感到痛苦，她并不喜欢这份工作。
再根据第五段内容' "As it became clearer that fashion was what I wanted to do full time, the reality of
my day-to-day work at the insurance company became harder. I felt bored. No energy, no motivation and
zero fulfilment（满足感）.（当我越来越清楚地意识到时尚是我全职想要做的事情时，我在保险公
司的日常工作变得更加困难。我觉得无聊。没有活力，没有动力，没有满足感。）" 可知，作者
真正喜欢的是和时尚相关的工作，保险公司的工作让她感觉无聊。由此可知，画线单词所在句表
示的是，在保险公司工作的日子漫长而乏味。故答案为：Boring./Dull/Uninteresting.
3考查细节理解。根据文章第四段内容"As l dreamt bigger, l began looking into college courses
for Fashion Design and three months later I signed up for a part-time design course. l attended classes two
nights a week. Although exhausting, it gave me energy, enthusiasm and happiness.（当我的梦想更大的
时候，我开始研究时装设计的大学课程，三个月后我报名参加了一个兼职设计课程。我每周上两
晚课。虽然很累，但它给了我活力、热情和快乐。）"可知，在参加了兼职设计课程后，作者感觉
充满了活力、热情和快乐。故答案为：She felt/was energetic, enthusiastic and happy./She was filled
with energy, enthusiasm and happiness.
4细节理解题。根据文章第三段关键句"One thing I had developed an interest in was sewing, so I
took a sewing course at a community college. （我对缝纫产生了兴趣，所以我在一所社区大学上了
缝纫课。） "、第四段关键句" As I dreamt bigger, I began looking into college courses for Fashion
Design and three months later I signed up for a part-time design course.（当我的梦想更大的时候，我开
始研究时装设计的大学课程，三个月后我报名参加了一个兼职设计课程。）"和倒数第三段内容"I
knew I needed to make a bigger change. After struggling for quite a while, I made a difficult decision-
leaving my job and studying my design course full time. （我知道我需要做出更大的改变。经过一段
时间的挣扎，我做出了一个艰难的决定，离开我的工作，并全职学习我的设计课程。两年后我拿
到了毕业证书。）可知，作者为了恢复她有创造力的生活，她参加了一个缝纫班，并参加了一个
兼职设计课程，辞去了工作，去上时装设计课，根据题目要求，从中选出两点事实即可，不超过
15个词。故答案为：She quit/quitted her job and took the fashion-design course./She attended a sewingclass and took a part-time design course.
5. 开放性问题，言之有理即可。参考答案：如果答案是肯定的，原因可以是" She has the
courage to follow her heart and do what she really likes.（她有勇气追随自己的心，做自己真正喜欢的
事。）"；如果答案是否定的，原因可以是"I don't like changes and I want to live a secure life.（我不
喜欢变化，我想过安全的生活。）"。故答案为：Yes, (I do). She has the courage to follow her heart
and do what she really likes./ Yes, (I do). I'd like to live a creative life and make changes when necessary
as she did./No, (I don't). I don't like changes and I want to live a secure life.
16. 【2020·全国卷II】
Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at
work and play. 36. . It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using
emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling,
keeping intention clear. 37. , encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground
in communication style can be a challenge. 38. . While the younger generations prefer to communicate
visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线).
The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone(语气). Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an
entire day? 39. . Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened
with an encouraging smile.
40. , and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin
adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving
your work culture.
A. Message with emojis feel more conversational
B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globallyE.Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F.Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G.An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
【参考答案】
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。
36.D 根据前句“In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of
millions, both at work and play.(在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅速发展，无论是工作还是娱乐，都有
数亿用户)”和后句“It's been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using
emojis at work.(据报道，在一些西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号)”可知，前后句都说
明了即时通讯平台受欢迎程度。所以选择项D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally.
(这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合题意。故选D。
37. A根据前句“Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear.(使用表情符号可以
增加幽默和感情，保持明确的意图)”和后半句“encouraging better and more frequent communication.
(鼓励更好更频繁的交流)”可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。所以选择项A. Messages with
Emojis feel more conversational. (使用表情符号的信息让人感觉更健谈)符合题意。故选A。
38.G 根据前句“In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding
common ground in communication can be a challenge. (在任何一间办公室，员工的年龄从22岁到70
岁甚至更大，在交流中找到共同点可能是一项挑战)” 中关键词句“employees can range from age
22 to 70 and beyond,”与选择项中“all work generations”是一致的。故选G。
39.B 根据前句“ Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? (谁没有收到
过毁掉了一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。所以选
择项B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly. (即使是一封正式的电子邮件也会显得冷淡
和不友好)故选B。
40. F根据后句“and Emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. (并且表情符号可以直接促
成这种积极的结果)”可知，这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的好处。所以选择项F. Studies
show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace. (研究表明，更友好的沟通会带来更
快乐的工作场所)故选F。
17. 【2020·全国卷III】
A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new
apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. Theparty is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. 36. And it is good
time to fill the new space with love and hopeful presents.
37. Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local stores.
Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like
curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house
with, like a piece of art or a plant.
38. This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are
usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will,
however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming
party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack
boxes. 39.
Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring
firewood to a new home as a gift. 40. Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep
warm.
A. This isn’t usual though.
B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.
C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.
D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E.It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.
F.The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.
G.This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
【参考答案】
【文章大意】本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取，活动安排和名称的由来。
36.E 上句 The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.(这个
聚会是朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次
机会，下句 And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.(现在是时候用
爱和希望的礼物来填补新家了)。介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E项：它也给了
人们一次看看新家什么样的机会。与上下句并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选E。
37. B下文Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and
things like curtains.和like a piece of art or a plant. 列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工
具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B项：带礼物去参加乔迁派对是一种传统，概括了本段内容，引出下文，故选B。
38.C 本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据后文This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there
isn' t a lot of food served.(这一点通常是值得赞赏的，因为在乔迁派对上不会提供很多食物)。指出
因为新搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己
的食物或饮料与其他客人分享搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C项：你也
可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。故选C。
39. A本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在
搬进新家后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们
帮忙干活是不常见的，A项：但这并不常见。表达了此意，与上文衔接，故选A。
40.G 上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据bring firewood to a new home as a gift.可知人们会带柴
火作为礼物，那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G项：这样人们就可以在冬天的时
候保持家里温暖。符合语境。故选G。
18. 【2020·山东卷】
Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.16. Do you want to be a good public
speaker? Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you
stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public”at the expense of the”speaking. “ 17. Focus on the
speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any
mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact,most people only absorb
about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a
truly serious one.18.
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.19. And like everything else in life, that takes practice.
Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
20. It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer. “On the other hand, you
probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever!
“So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to
leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally
to end.
A. Do the opposite.B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E.The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience
F.Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners
G.However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
【参考答案】
【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章介绍了成为好的演讲者需要掌握的一些原则。
16.G 本文主题是介绍成为好的演讲者要掌握的一些原则。上句提到有些人生来就有演讲的天赋。
G项:然而，大多数人之所以能成为有影响的演讲者，是因为他们受过训练。与上句转折，引出本
文主题--演讲者要训练。故选G。
17.A 下句Focus on the speaking.是本段主题，建议演讲者把注意力集中在演讲上。上句提到一种
常见现象，当站起来发表演讲时，演讲者往往会把注意力放在”公众”上，而不是”演讲”上。这是
错误的做法，A项Do the opposite.承上启下，说明了上句做法的错误，引出了下句正确的做法。故
选A。
18.C 本段提到即使成功的演讲者也会犯错误，观众不会太在意你的错误。上句建议当出错时不要
停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。C项:你不需要为一个小失误道歉。与上句承接，是对待演讲
出错的方法。故选C。
19. B本段是说明练习的重要性。上句提到你的目标不是成为一个完美的演说家，下句应该说明目
标是什么。B. You want to be an effective public speaker.与上句衔接，是我们演讲的真正目的。故选
B。
20.D 下文提到观众并不是认为演讲越长越好，根据 Always make your presentation just a bit shorter
than anticipated.可知，作者建议让演讲比预期的短一点，给观众更多的期待胜过让他们坐立不安地
等待演讲结束。D项:公开演讲时，通常少就是多。说明了演讲时，多和少的辩证关系。故选D。
19. 【2020·浙江卷】
I experienced years of loneliness as a child. 31. His friends teased him about babysitting his
sister and his interests were far different from mine. With no other kids of my age in the neighborhood, I
had to spend hours by myself.
A bright spot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began early as my mother
read to me every evening. 32. I started reading books on my own before age 5 and my mother took meto the public library once a week to borrow several books. I quickly graduated from typical children’s
books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me. 33.
My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted. I tried making toy cars with cardboard boxes
and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave me. When my mother
saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs were. 34. I learned a lot about how to extend
the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful. It was a trait(特点) others found
helpful, and I soon had friends who wanted to make things with me.
35. My parents made it a point for their two kids to spend time outside, no matter the weather or
season. My brother, of course, raced off to be with his friends, while I had plenty to do myself. There was
making leaf houses in autumn, ice skating in winter, and so much more. They’re all memories I treasure
today.
A. I wasn't alone any longer.
B. I enjoyed reading stories aloud.
C. I was invited to play with another kid.
D. I loved the colorful photographs in the books.
E. Another habit I formed early was being outdoors.
F.Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things.
G.My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me.
【参考答案】
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者养成几个生活习惯的原因。
31.G 设空在段中，应是承前启后句。根据后文“His friends teased him about babysitting his sister
and his interests were far different from mine”可知，设空句应提及“his”的身份，即G项中的“My
elder brother”，且G项“我哥哥懒得和我一起玩”在此起到了承上启下的作用。故选G项。故选G
项。
32. D根据前句提到“我对文字的爱始于母亲每天晚上给我读故事的时候”可知，D项“我喜欢书
中的彩色照片”和上句构成进一步说明。同时D项中的“书”指代上句提到的母亲每天给我读故
事的书。D项切题。故选D项。
33.A 根据前句提到“阅读为我打开了新世界”可知，A项“我不在孤独”和上句构成了因果关系。
A项切题。故选A项。
34.F 根据前句“当我的母亲看到我的创作时，她说我的设计很有创意”可知，F项“于是，我开
始对制造东西产生了长久的兴趣”和上句构成因果关系，我正是在听了母亲那句话后才开始了对制造东西产生兴趣。F项切题。故选F项。
35.E 根据后句“无论天气或季节，我的父母都要让他们的两个孩子花时间在户外”可知，E项
“我很早养成的另一个习惯是去户外”和前句表示因果逻辑。作者有去户外的习惯是因为后句提
到的父母的影响。E项切题。故选E项。
20. 【2020·天津卷（一）】
阅读短文, 按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
I remember the day shyness took over my life. I was 14 and having a French lesson The teacher told
us to record ourselves speaking about a holiday. Perfect！ I recorded myself with confidence. Then, I
pressed "play" to listen back. All I heard was a little kid talking. My immediate reaction was to assume I
was listening to someone else's recording. But that was my voice. I realised there was something strange
about me.
My little voice has made me feel really shy. And my shyness has caused me to avoid attending events,
not make important connections, and keep my ideas to myself. As a shy person, working from home,
hiding behind my computer was brilliant. But the more time I spent hidden away, the more my comfort
zone shrank（缩小）. Everyday interactions, like ordering a coffee, became increasingly awkward and
uncomfortable.
And then, one day I was at a big conference and it suddenly hit me like lightning. Al speakers were
confident, comfortable with being seen. There were no quieter voices. But the trouble is, if the loud voices
are the only ones you hear, we quiet people feel even more alienated（疏远的）。 The world needs a
mixture of personalities. Success is not just about who can shout the loudest. The world needs quieter
people, too. That day I chose to stop hiding and embrace my shyness. No more feeling like I needed to
change who I am in order to succeed. No more living a small life.
Then I created the Shy and Mighty Society, a space for shy people like me to shine, and in the process
of helping others, I could also push myself forward, bit by bit. Now, I'm happy to tell people I feel shy. I'm
not ashamed any more. And I know that I’m not alone.
56. Why did the author feel strange about herself after listening to the recording? （no more than 10
words）
57. What is the main idea of Para.2? （no more than 10 words58. What does the underlined word in Para.3 mean? （1 word）
59. Why did the author create the Shy and Mighty Society? （no more than 10 words）
60. Suppose you are in charge of the Shy and Mighty Society, what will you do to help other shy people?
And why? （no more than 20 words）
【答案】
56. Because her voice was different from what she had expected.
Or: Because all she heard was a little kid talking.
Or: Because of her little voice.
57. Her shyness had a/an（bad） influence/effect/impact on her（life）
Or: Her shyness kept her hidden away.
Or: Her shyness kept her away from other people.
58. Accept.
Or: Welcome.
59. To help shy people（to shine） and push herself forward.
Or: To help other shy people and herself.
60. I will organize a speech contest so that they can walk out of their comfort zone and become more
confident.
Or: I will share my experience with them, telling them how I handle my shyness.
Or: I will encourage them to take part in various activities to improve their social skills.
【参考答案】
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一个害羞的人，害差使作者不敢参加活动，并把自
己封闭起来。后来作者接受了自己的害怕，并创建了Shy and Mighty Society，给像自己一样害羞
的人发光的空间，共同提高。
56. 细节理解题。根据第一段“I pressed "play" to listen back. All I heard was a little kid talking. My
immediate reaction was to assume I was listening to someone else's recording. But that was my voice. I
realised there was something strange about me.”可知，作者录完音后，按下“播放”键来听，奇怪地
听到一个小孩在说话。作者的第一反应是以为在听别人的录音，但那是作者的声音。由此可知，
作者感到奇怪是因为自己的声音小，或听到一个小孩在说话，或是感觉听到的不是自己期望的。
故答案为：Because her voice was different from what she had expected. Or: Because all she heard was a
little kid talking. Or: Because of her little voice.
57. 段落大意题。根据第二段“My little voice has made me feel really shy. And my shyness has causedme to avoid attending events, not make important connections, and keep my ideas to myself. As a shy
person, working from home, hiding behind my computer was brilliant. But the more time I spent hidden
away, the more my comfort zone shrank（缩小）.” 可知作者的声音小，使作者害羞，害羞使作者不
参加活动，不和别人交流。作者越隐藏自己，舒适区就越小。这些都说明了害羞使作者隐藏，远
离了别人，给作者带来了坏影响。故答案为：Her shyness had a/an（bad） influence/effect/impact
on her（life）. Or: Her shyness kept her hidden away. Or: Her shyness kept her away from other people.
58. 词义猜测题。上句提到“The world needs a mixture of personalities. Success is not just about who
can shout the loudest. The world needs quieter people, too.”表明作者感悟到这个世界需个性。成功不
只是谁喊得声最大。世界也需要更安静的人。根据“That day I chose to stop hiding”可知作者选择
不再躲藏，接受自己的害羞。embrace原意是“拥抱”，此处指“接受，迎接”，故答案为：
Accept. Or: Welcome.
59. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Then I created the Shy and Mighty Society, a space for shy people
like me to shine, and in the process of helping others, I could also push myself forward,”可知作者创建
Shy and Mighty Society是为了给像自己一样害羞的人发光的空间，在帮助别人的过程中，也可以
推动自己一点点前进。故答案为：To help shy people（to shine） and push herself forward. Or: To
help other shy people and herself.
60. 推理判断题。作者创建Shy and Mighty Society是为了给像自己一样害羞的人发光的空间，所
以作为这个织的负责人应该是组织活动或分享克服害羞的经验，用多种形式鼓励他人战胜害羞、
增加自信、提高社交技能。故答案可以是：I will organize a speech contest so that they can walk out
of their comfort zone and become more confident. Or: I will share my experience with them, telling them
how I handle my shyness. Or: I will encourage them to take part in various activities to improve their
social skills.
21. 【2020·天津卷（二）】
阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
As any younger brother will tell you, having a big brother involves a lot of walking in someone
else’s shadow, especially when you have a brother who is a typical example of “cool”. For years I wanted
to do everything my elder brother Tyson did, but no matter how hard I tried, I was always the neglected
(被忽略的) one. My legs just weren’t made to run like his. I could never play football or basketball well.
I probably would have continued trying to keep up with him for the rest of my high school career, butwhen my family moved, everything changed. Tyson left for college, so I had to start at a new school all by
myself. This new start gave me an opportunity to redefine myself and discover an entirely new version of
“cool”.
I don’t know what made me decide to try some new activities at the new school, but one day I
chanced to show up for an after-school meeting of the Science Olympiad team. I had always been
fascinated with chemistry, biology, and math, but since those interests hadn’t fit Tyson’s definition of
“cool”, I had never pursued them. On this day, for some reason, I did.
As we organized teams, prepared resources and practiced answering questions, I felt more connected
than I ever had to any sports team. I didn’t feel as though I needed to keep up with anybody else; I was
finally with peers who understood me. It was so good to feel accepted for what I’m good at. For the first
time in my life, I actually felt cool. Now I know who I am! I’m Tyson’s little brother, but that’s only part
of my identity. I’m a cool guy in my own way, too. I’m relieved to know that “cool” has a much broader
definition than what I used to think.
56. How do you understand the underlined part in Paragraph 1? (no more than 8 words)
_________________________
57. What changes offered a new start to the author after his family moved? (no more than 15 words)
_________________________
58. According to Paragraph 3, what marked the turning point in the author’s growth? (no more than 7
words)
_________________________
59. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? (no more than 10 words)
_________________________
60. What is your example of “cool”? Please explain why. (no more than 20 words)
_________________________
【答案】
56. Receiving less attention than someone else.
Or: Being/Feeling less successful than someone else.
Or: Being/Feeling neglected.
57. That his brother left for college and he changed schools.
Or: Tyson’s leaving for college and the author’s going to/attending a new school.
58. Joining the Science Olympiad team.Or: That he joined the Science Olympiad team.
Or: Discovering his true interests (in science).
59. (How) the author discovered a broader definition of “cool”.
Or: He has discovered his own way to be cool.
Or: He found his own identity.
60. Playing football well is cool because I can show how strong I am.
Or: Playing the piano is cool because it can give me joy.
Or: Helping the poor is cool because it can give them hope and bring me pleasure.
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一直活在哥哥泰森的阴影下，他的哥哥
很酷，所以他总是被忽略。但当哥哥离开去上大学，他独自开始学校生活时，通过加入学校的
Science Olympiad，他找到了真正的自己，也按自己的理解重新定义了”酷”。
56. 词义猜测题。根据第一段的As any younger brother will tell you, having a big brother involves a lot
of walking in someone else’s shadow, especially when you have a brother who is a typical example of
“cool”. For years I wanted to do everything my elder brother Tyson did, but no matter how hard I tried, I
was always the neglected one.可知，就像任何一个弟弟会告诉你的那样，有一个大哥哥意味着走在
别人的影子里，尤其是当你有一个很“酷”的哥哥时。多年以来，我想做我的哥哥泰森做的一切，
但是无论我怎么努力，我总是被忽略的一个。根据句意，尤其是I was always the neglected one可
推测，划线部分的意思是“得不到关注/被忽略”。故填:Receiving less attention than someone else.
Or: Being/Feeling less successful than someone else.
Or: Being/Feeling neglected.
57. 细节理解题。根据第二段的but when my family moved, everything changed. Tyson left for college,
so I had to start at a new school all by myself. (但当我们搬家时，一切都改变了。泰森去上大学了，
所以我不得不独自在一个新的学校开始)可知，搬家后，作者的哥哥去上大学以及作者独自开始新
学校的生活给了作者他新的开始。故填:That his brother left for college and he changed schools.
Or: Tyson’s leaving for college and the author’s going to/attending a new school.
58. 细节理解题。根据第三段的I had always been fascinated with chemistry, biology, and math, but
since those interests hadn’t fit Tyson’s definition of “cool”, I had never pursued them. On this day, for
some reason, I did. (我一直对化学、生物和数学着迷，但因为这些兴趣不符合泰森对“酷”的定义，
所以我从来没有追求过。这一天，出于某种原因，我参加了)可知，参加Science Olympiad队是作
者成长的转折点，因为他选择不再做哥哥的“影子”。故填:Joining the Science Olympiad team.
Or: That he joined the Science Olympiad team.Or: Discovering his true interests (in science).
59. 主旨大意题。根据本段的主要内容，尤其是Now I know who I am! I’m Tyson’s little brother, but
that’s only part of my identity. I’m a cool guy in my own way, too. I’m relieved to know that “cool” has a
much broader definition than what I used to think.(现在我知道我是谁了！我是泰森的弟弟，但那只是
我身份的一部分。按照我自的方式，我也是个很酷的人。知道酷的定义比我以前认为的要宽泛得
多，我感到很欣慰)可知，本段主要讲述了作者找到了自己的身份以及自己对酷的定义。故填:
(How) the author discovered a broader definition of “cool”.
Or: He has discovered his own way to be cool.
Or: He found his own identity.
60. 开放性题目。只要回答出自己认为什么很酷，以及原因即可。故可填:Playing football well is
cool because I can show how strong I am.
Or: Playing the piano is cool because it can give me joy.
Or: Helping the poor is cool because it can give them hope and bring me pleasure.
22. 【2020·江苏卷】
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意:请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
Humor
If you see humor as an optional form of entertainment, you’re missing some of its biggest benefits:
Humor makes average-looking people look cute and uninteresting people seem entertaining. Studies show
that a good sense of humor even makes you seem smarter.
Best of all, humor raises your energy, and that can have an effect on everything you do at school, at
work, or in your personal life. The increase of energy will even make you more willing to exercise, and
that will raise your overall energy even more.
Humor also transports your mind away from your daily troubles. Humor lets you better understand
life and sometimes helps you laugh at even the worst of your problems.
In my experience, most people think they have a sense of humor, and to some degree that’s true. But
not all senses of humor are created equal. So I thought it would be useful to include some humor tips for
everyday life.
You don’t have to be the joke teller in the group in order to show your sense of humor. You can be the
one who directs the conversation to fun topics that are ripe for others to add humor. Every party needs astraight person. You’ll appear fun and funny by association.
When it comes to in-person humor, effort counts a lot. When people see you trying to be funny, it
frees them to try it themselves. So even if your own efforts at humor fall short, you might be freeing the
long kept humor in others. People need permission to be funny in social settings because there’s always a
risk that comes with humor. For in-person humor, quality isn’t as important as you might think. Your
attitude and effort count a lot.
Some people--and I was one of them--believe that humorous complaints about the little problems of
life make humor, and sometimes that is the case. The problem comes when you start doing too much
complaint-based humor. One funny observation about problem in your life can be funny, but five is just
complaining, no matter how smart you think you are. Funny complaints can wear people out.
Self-deprecating(自嘲式) humor is usually the safest type, but here again you don’t want to
overshoot the target. One self-deprecating comment is a generous and even confident form of humor. You
have to be at least a bit self-assured to laugh at yourself in front of others. But if you do it too often, you
can transform in the eyes of others from a confident joker to a Chihuahua dog.
Humor
●Humor is form of 71. . Humor can improve one’s72. and
personality.
Benefits of humor
●Humor can make one 73. in his work, study, and life.
●Humor has a positive74. effect when we are in difficulties.
●76. others for a conversation of fun is as good as telling a joke
yourself when showing your sense of humor.
75. to follow
●Quality counts 77. than attitude and effort-even stupid joke can 78.
others of risk and embarrassment.
●One humorous complaint makes funny person. But too many
complaints will 80. your audience.
Traps to 79.
●Self-deprecating comments show one’s assurance. But too much
deprecation will make a Chihuahua dog.
【答案】
71. entertainment
72. appearance/look
73. energetic
74. psychological
75. Tips/Suggestions/Advice76. Preparing
77. less
78. relieve/free
79. avoid/skip
80. bore/tire/exhaust
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了幽默的好处，讲遵循的技巧以及所要避开的陷阱。
71. 原词再现题。根据文章第一段“If you see humor as an optional form of entertainment, you're
missing some of its biggest benefits( 如果你把幽默看作是一种可选的娱乐形式，你就错过了它的一
些最大的好处)”可知，幽默是一种娱乐形式。故填entertainment。
72. 语意转化题。根据文章第一段“Humor makes average-looking people look cute and uninteresting
people seem entertaining. (幽默能让相貌平平的人看起来可爱，让不感兴趣的人看起来很有趣。)”可
知，幽默可以改善一个人的外表和个性。故填appearance/look。
73. 词性转换题。根据文章第二段“Best of all, humor raises your energy, and that can have an effect on
everything you do at school, at work, or in your personal life. (最重要的是，幽默能提升你的精力，这
会对你在学校、工作或个人生活中所做的一切产生影响。)”可知，幽默能使人在工作、学习和生
活中充满活力。句中名词energy转换成形容词energetic故填energetic。
74. 语意转化题。根据文章第三段“Humor also transports your mind away from your daily troubles. (幽
默还能使你的思维从日常烦恼中解脱出来。)”可知，幽默让你理解生活，有时帮助你在最困难时
能够大笑。可以推断出当我们遇到困难时，幽默会对我们的心理产生影响。故填psychological。
75. 原词再现题。根据文章第四段“So I thought it would be useful to include some humor tips for
everyday life.(所以我觉得在日常生活中加入一些幽默技巧会很有用。)”可知，这里为幽默所要遵循
的建议或技巧。故填Tips/Suggestions/Advice。
76. 语意转化题。根据文章第五段“You can be the one who directs the conversation to fun topics that
are ripe for others to add humor. (你可以把谈话引向有趣的话题，而这些话题已经为其他人增添了幽
默感。)”可知，这里指为他人准备一场有趣的对话。所填词中缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语。
故填Preparing。
77. 语意转化题。根据文章第六段“When it comes to in-person humor, effort counts a lot. (说到个人幽
默，努力是很重要的。)”和”For in-person humor, quality isn’t as important as you might think. Your
attitude and effort count a lot.( 对于面对面的幽默，质量并不像你想象的那么重要。你的态度和努力
很重要。)”可知，质量没有态度和努力重要。故填less。78. 原词再现题。根据文章第六段“So even if your own efforts at humor fall short, you might be freeing
the long kept humor in others. (所以，即使你自己的幽默努力失败了，你也可能释放了别人长期保持
的幽默。)”可知，即使是一个愚蠢的笑话也能让别人免于风险和尴尬。短语 relieve/free…of…免
于……。故填relieve/free。
79. 归纳总结题。根据表格此栏后面的内容可知，这里是讲幽默所需要避开的陷阱。故
填avoid/skip。
80. 语意转化题。根据文章倒数第二段”One funny observation about a problem in your life can be
funny, but five is just complaining, no matter how smart you think you are. Funny complaints can wear
people out. (对生活中某个问题的一个有趣的观察可能很有趣，但五个就是只有抱怨了，不管你认
为自己有多聪明。有趣的抱怨会让人筋疲力尽。)”可知，太多的抱怨只会让人厌烦或筋疲力尽。
故填bore/tire/exhaust。
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