022023年高考英语完形填空解题技巧（解析版）_3.2025英语总复习_2023年新高考资料_备战2023年高考英语抢分秘籍（新高考专用）_022023年高考英语完形填空解题技巧_38273949

2023 年高考英语完型填空高分技巧 （解析版） 目录 一、 解题核心思维：...............................................................................................................2 二、 单词不认识怎么办？.......................................................................................................4 1、文中单词不认识...........................................................................................................4 2、 题干上的单词不认识.................................................................................................4  训练两个习惯...............................................................................................................4 三、 词性解题法.......................................................................................................................5 1、动词题...................................................................................................................5 2、名词题...................................................................................................................8 3、形容词、副词.....................................................................................................10 4、连词题.................................................................................................................12 5、短语题.................................................................................................................17 四、 篇章结构解题法............................................................................................................19 1、文章U型结构解题.............................................................................................19 2、 分段首句出题...................................................................................................20 3、 议论文和说明文（首段为文章中心）...........................................................20 4、 记叙文：花朵文（传播主旋律、价值观、正能量）...................................21 五、 特殊句型解题法............................................................................................................29 ①主系表结构解名词和形容词题...........................................................................29 ②宾补解形容词题...................................................................................................29 ③被动句解动词题...................................................................................................29 六、 答案检查大法................................................................................................................30 1、答案均分规律.............................................................................................................30 2、答案相连概率.............................................................................................................30 5、 反义选项二选一.......................................................................................................30七、 高考真题........................................................................................................................32 1. 2023年2月四省联考.................................................................................................32 2. 2023年1月浙江卷.....................................................................................................36 3. 2022年新高考1卷......................................................................................................40 4. 2022年新高考2卷......................................................................................................44 5. 【2022年全国甲卷】.................................................................................................47 6. 【2022年1月浙江卷】.............................................................................................53 7. 【2021年6月新高考1卷】......................................................................................56 8. 【2021年6月全国甲卷】.........................................................................................59 9. 【2021年6月全国乙卷】.........................................................................................62 10. 【2021年6月浙江卷】...........................................................................................66 11. 【2021.3天津】........................................................................................................70 12. 【2020·全国卷II】...................................................................................................75 13. 【2020·山东卷】.......................................................................................................79 14. 【2020·浙江卷】.......................................................................................................83 15. 【2019·全国卷II】...................................................................................................88 16. 【2019·全国卷III】..................................................................................................91 17. 【2019·北京卷】.......................................................................................................95 18. 【2019·浙江卷】.......................................................................................................99 解题核心思维： 一、 每一个问题都是有根据的 【解答步骤】 ①要求学生阅读并翻译每一句话，并在空白处找出答案； ②不存在题目的全句，必然与题目有关；③完形填空法的解答受到“滞后原则”的制约，选择简单的，可以先填写，无法确定的， 可以将其搁置一旁，只有看完最后的重点，才有可能解决问题！（也就是说，所有的问题， 都有一个共同的答案：反之亦然；最有可能的是，在解决问题之前，先把题目放在一 边。） 【解题原理】倪萍逻辑 今年的春节联欢晚会突出了 的主题 A. 喜庆 B.团圆 C.团聚 D.联欢 【消除解惑】为什么选A不选B？  因为A有线索和依据，而B没有  因为A的线索和依据比B多 【解题思维训练】使用箭头标记法 【例句1】 江苏卷 Failing to find any other way out, they decided to make a journey, they caught sight of an old hiker's (徒步旅行者) guide. A. bus B. walking C.rail D.business 【解析】考查名词。根据下文徒步旅行者可知，他们想要来一段徒步旅行。business商业， walking行走、徒步，bus公交车，rail铁路。故答案选B。 【例句2】2015安徽卷 Thanks to modern manufacturing （制造业） and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and 6 . A.safe B.funny C.cheap D.powerful 【解析】考查形容词辨析。A安全的 B滑稽的 C便宜的 D 强有力的 根据 “inexpensively"可知，成本降低的话，产品价格相对也会降低。 选C 【例3】2014重庆卷 In Asia, one also be cautious about expressing emotions. Getting angry in Southeast Asia justmakes you look silly. In some countries it is _35_ to kiss in public. A. natural B. advisable C. unwise D. unnecessary 【解析】考察形容词辨析以及上下文理解。A自然的；B明智的，可取的；C不明智的；D 不必的；本段讨论的是在一些国家里要很谨慎地表示自己的情感。那么亲吻也是不明智的 因为这也是一个表示情感的方法。故C正确。 蒙题法或检查大法：BC是反义选项二选一。 二、单词不认识怎么办？ 1、文中单词不认识 ①动词不认识： 翻译成“搞、整、弄、干” ②名词不认识：翻译成“东西” ③形容词、副词不认识：直接划掉（ 这3个必须认识，否定词hardly/rarely/sedom几 乎不） 2、题干上的单词不认识 ①一个单词不认识，三个单词认识：先从三个单词中选择，如果百分百确定不是这三个 单词，就用排除法：选择那个不认识的单词。 ②两个单词不认识，两个单词认识：原理同上。  训练两个习惯 习惯一、如果不会做，就要憋住。 完型填空的答案受“滞后原则”的影响，简单的答案，可以先填，拿不准可以先放 下，看到后面关键信息，可能才能解题！ 习惯二、圈圈法：任何一个题目必有依据。 （使用箭头标记法）每一句都必须读，都必须翻译，解题点在没有划线的句子里。三、词性解题法 1、动词题 动词题方法总述 方法一：看主语，看并列，看搭配 方法二：前后呼应 方法一 （1） 看主语：看主语是人or 物 ，此主语能不能发出这个动作？ （2） 看宾语：宾语是人or 物 ，宾语能不能承受这个动作 （难点：宾语从句，可以看 翻译，也可以看时态） （3）看搭配：看需要及物动词还是不及物动词，判断的依据是横线后有没有介词。 【例1】全国1卷 I ______(16) twelve shades of green from where I stand. A.match B.imagine C.count D.add 【解析】作者站的地方，就能“数出”12种不同的“绿色”。shade是指颜色的“浓淡深 浅”。后面的“twelve shades... ”对应选C项count（数...的数目）。 【例2】全国1卷 However, I soon 5 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 6 among tons of rubbish. A.discover B.argue C.decide D.advocate 【解析】考查动词辨析。A. discover发现；B. argue争论；C. decide决定；D. advocate提 倡。句意：然而，我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出 现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。由 "much has changed" 可知，作者发现了很大的变化。 故A选项切题。 【例3】全国2卷Each day, 27 kids “The Thinking Laboratory.” A. built B. entered C. decorated D. ran 【解析】考查上下文联系。根据空格前的teaching elementary school以及空格后的Room 104可知，是进入了(enter)这个房间。build建造；decorate装饰；run跑。 方法二： 前后呼应：如果前面的方法都不能解题，就用“前后呼应”解题。 【例4】重庆卷 In some Middle Eastern countries, exposing your flesh is 33 , especially if you are a woman.So leave your tom jeans at home. A. forbidden B. allowed C. expected D. tolerated 【解析】A 考察动词词义辨析和上下文串联。A禁止；B允许；C期待；D容忍；句意： 在一些中东国家，暴露皮肤是禁止的，尤其是女性。根据句意可知A正确。 蒙题法或检查大法：AB是反义选项二选一。 【例5】浙江卷 When I got into college, things __40__. I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time. Because of all...... 40.A. happened B. repeated C. changed D. mattered 【解析】考查动词。根据下文I suddenly found myself out of class before noon time.可知，作 者上大学后发现自己上午没课，与中学时情况大不一样，故应为changed。因此选C。 难点1：双主语和双宾语 【例6】山东卷 Excitement and family members__1__the hall. A. filled B. visited C.decorated D. attended 【解析】本句句意应为 "家人们挤满了演出大厅，大厅里充满了兴奋的情绪" ，表示 "充 满、挤满" 用filled。 【例7】北京卷Not only was I stronger and more competent than I had thought, but I also 16 a strong interest and a world I hadn't known existed. A.developed B.discovered C.took D.fostered 【解析】考察动词。发现了一项爱好和一个未知的世界，选 discovered. 迷惑项是 developed , 这个词可以与interest 连用表示形成了某种爱好，但是不可以与world连用表 示"形成一个未知世界，"故排除。Take interest 取利，foster 培养，均不合适。 难点2：过程和结果的区别  manage和其它词（如try attempt）  persuade和其它词（如advise suggest demand）  find和其它词（seek search look for） 【例8】新课标二 Joe __33_____ into a large crevasse（裂缝）in the ice below. He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain. ......Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe’s voice. ...... Joe was there, a few meters from their tent, still alive. A. managed B. planned C. waited D. hoped 【解析】A. 考查动词辨析及语境理解。A. managed管理； B. planned 计划；C. waited 等 待；D. hoped 希望。从下文可知Joe成功的爬回营地，活了下来。 【例9】安徽卷 Arriving in the Sunshine State was rather tiring, but I 38 to catch a taxi to my accommodation and settle in. A intended B.promised C.managed D.deserved 【解析】考查动词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.打算，意图，B.答应，许诺，C.设法， 管理，D.值得，应该得到，根据上文的：Arriving in the Sunshine State was rather tiring:可知 到达这个阳光之州是非常疲劳的，但是我还是设法赶上了一辆出租车，到我的目的地，安 定下来，manage to do设法成功的做了……，所以选C。 【例10】福建卷 When he retired three years ago, he __46__ his church music director to take him as astudent.......For a moment after my father sat down at the keyboard,... 46．A.allowed B．invited C．inspired D．persuaded 【解析】他说服教堂音乐主管收他为学生。persuade sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事。Allowed 允许；invited邀请； inspired 鼓舞；persuaded说服。 【例11】江苏卷 She changed many things. She 9 my father to go to a dental school, from which he graduated with honors. A.begged B.persuaded C.ordered D.invited 【解析】选B继母把我父亲说服了去上一个牙科学校。 2、名词题 名词题方法总述 方法一：前后呼应（90%） 方法二：修饰成分（10%） 做名词题的优先级：先看修饰成分；再看前后呼应。 方法一、前后呼应 （90%） ①文中看到the apple， 呼应点在前面。（根据a和the的呼应关系） ②横线的前面，即名词前没有a，也没有the，呼应点可以前，可以后。 【例1】全国1卷 This view is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as ( 1 3) go through five ecosystems（生态系 统）in the space of a few kilometers. A.scientists B. climbers C.locals D. officials 考查名词复现。来到乞力马扎罗都是为了登山，也只有登山者能体验到五个生态系统。故 B项climbers入选。 【例2】山东卷There was a pet store and the owner had a parrot. One day a 1 walked in and the parrot said to the man ,“Hey you!” The man said, “What!?” The parrot said, “Your wife is really ugly.” A. group B. team C. couple D. crowd 【解析】考查推断。从后文your wife.可知答案选couple. 【例3】天津卷 I learned this lesson from a(n) __17__ many years ago. I took the head coaching job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program. A. experiment B. experience C. visit D. show 【解析】考查名词。根据句意，许多年前，我从一个经历里学到这个道理。A为实验，B 为经历，C拜访，D节目。因此选B。 【例4】全国2卷 In 1973, I was teaching elementary school.Each day, 27 kids entered “The Thinking Laboratory.”That was the 42 students voted for after deciding that “Room 104” was too dull . A. name B. rule C. brand D. plan 【解析】考查上文语境。根据空格前的The Think Laboratory 可知这是Room 104的名字 (name)。rule规则；brand品牌；plan计划。 方法二、修饰成分（相关成分）10% （+介词短语） （+to do/ doing/ done） （+定语从句） 【例5】全国3卷 The post has since gained the __60__ of social media users all over the world, receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days. A. sympathy B. attention C. control D. trust 【解析】根据receiving more than 184,000 shares and 61,500 likes in just three days可知，这个帖子收到了来自世界各地很多人的分享和点赞，帖子获得了很多的关注，因此选 attention。故选B。 【例6】全国1卷 ...the absolute most important 56 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good decisions . A fact B step C manner D skill 【解析】考查名词辨析。fact事实；step脚步；manner礼仪；skill技巧。根据句意，你在 下棋的时候学会的最重要的技巧是如何做出好的抉择。故答案选D。 3、形容词、副词 形副方法总述 方法一：感情色彩一致性 方法二：前后呼应 做形容词副词题的优先级：先扫一眼选项，有正负的话，就不要 先带入，先判断感情色彩的正负。如果感情色彩一致，就用方法二。 方法一：感情色彩一致性。 ①上下文色彩 ②中心色彩 ③连词色彩变化 方法二：前后呼应法 【例1】全国1卷 Hearing these stories, I'm 4 about the place—other destinations are described as "purer" natural experiences. A.silent B.skeptical C.serious D.crazy 【解析】考查形容词辨析。A. silent沉默的；B.skeptical怀疑的；C. serious严肃的；D. crazy疯狂的。听到第一段说的故事，我对于这座山是持什么态度呢？破折号后的otherdestinations are described as “purer” natural experiences是在解释破折号前面内容。 由此可知， 听到这些故事，我对这个地方产生了怀疑——其他旅游地被描述为 "更纯粹" 的自然体验。 由下文可知，作者亲自来到了乞力马扎罗山，作者想解开这个怀疑。故B选项切题。 【例2】新课标 ...... they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived,...and she should not move... A. quiet B. still C. away D. calm 【解析】考查形容词。根据本段末句she should not move可知，Larry让这名女士不要动。 Quiet 安静的；still不动的；away远离的；calm沉着的；故选 B。 【例3】天津卷 It was a tradition for the school’s old team to play against the __19__ team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didn’t even practice to prepare for the game. 19. A. successful B. excellent C. strong D. new 【解析】考查形容词。根据句意，在春季训练结束后老队伍对垒新队伍是这个学校的传统。 由第三段第三行Being the coach of the new team可知应选D。 注意：感情色彩的方法同样适用于某些特殊的名词题，这些名词通常由形容词转化而来。 如happiness，sadness，excitement等。 【例4】全国三卷 In her __48__, she didn’t seem to realize that she was sharing the baby’s photos with a complete stranger. A. opinion B. anxiety C. excitement D. effort 【解析】根据上文overjoyed grandmother可知，当了祖母的Teresa非常激动，因此 excitement符合语境。故选C。4、连词题 （1）两种考法： ①考察连词（填连词）。 第1步：翻译上句，翻译下句。 第2步：判断上下句一致 or 相反。 （思考顺序：转折和递进，→因果，→并列） ②文章中给连词。（可用该连词题来解动词，名词等） 第1步：判断连词的一致性或相反性。 第2步：在相应的关系下，进行选择。 （2）连词的两种关系 转折关系 1. although though even though even if while but yet however whereas——但是 still 仍然 as 钱包丢了，但是我很高兴 = 钱包丢了 ， 我still很高兴。 2. unless （除非） 你考不上大学， 除非 你好好学习。 3. 祈使句+or (（否则）） 好好学习，or 你考不上大学， 4. 时间先后提示逻辑上的相反关系before after 不好好学习， 我考上了好大学。 你不能从图书馆借书， 你有图书卡。 （unless， after） 5. rather than （而不是）我们喜欢好学生， 坏学生。 6. adj. adv. ing/ ed +as+主语+ 系动词 （Young as he is... 虽然他很年轻） 最容易错误的几个关系。 1、instead：一致关系 上下句含有反义词的一致关系。 赵老师没有放弃， 赵老师更加努力。 2、in fact 事实上： 一致 or 相反 赵老师没有放弃， 赵老师更加努力。 （一致） 赵老师很难看， 他没有那么难看。 （相反） 关于and与but A and B ①and连接句子，是一致关系，着重考虑两个动词的顺序感。 ②and前后是单词或短语，可以是一致，也可以是相反（同义、近义和反义词） 【举例】探讨一下手机的利and 弊，/ 得and失 but前后 一定相反关系。但是需要填的词，可能是可能是同义，可能是反义。 原句：小王养金鱼，但是（but）小李不养金鱼。 题1：小王养金鱼，但是（but）小李 。 （填入的“不养金鱼”和“养金鱼” 相反） 题2：小王养金鱼，但是（but） 不养金鱼。 （填入的“小李”和“小王”相近） 【例1】 北京卷She had an unpleasant voice and a direct way of speaking, 1 she was encouraging and inspiring. A.and B.yet C.so D.for 【解析】考察连词及句子理解。前面unpleasant voice 和 direct way of speaking是消极意向, 后面encouraging 和 inspiring是积极意向,因此需填转折连词,四个选项中A表并列,C表结 果，D表原因，只有B选项yet表转折。 【例2】 全国卷 I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 58 , if there had been any talking, it would have caused us to learn less. A.Lastly B.Thus C.Instead D.However 【解析】考查连词辨析及语境理解。A. Lastly最后，B. Thus因此，C. Instead代替的是，D. However然而。根据上下午文意思，instead和was not unpleasant对应。不是不开心的，而 是有帮助的。故选C。 【例3】 辽宁卷 Then I told her about the business meeting.__47__，my explanation seemed to make things worse，which started to drive me mad as well. A.However B．Therefore C．Moreover D．Otherwise 【解析】A考查副词辨析。四个选项的含义分别是：A.然而，B.因此，C.还有，D.否则， 根据下文的内容，my explanation seemed to make things worse,作者的解释让事情更糟，所以 和前面的句子是转折关系，所以选A。 【例4】 新课标 I thought to myself, how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated, he was 38 ahead of me. A.still B. also C. yet D. just 【解析】考查副词辨析。“我心想，没有手臂，他更像个领袖。”still仍然；also也；yet 然而、还没；just刚刚、仅仅。Damaged but not defeated，Miller虽然受伤了，但不会被打 败，作者认为Miller仍然是最强的，故选A。【例5】 全国三卷 When most of us get a text message on our cell phone from an unknown person, we usually say ＂sorry, wrong number!＂ and move on. But when Dennis Williams __42__ a text that clearly wasn’t intended for him, he did something __43__. 42.A. received B. translated C. copied D. printed 【解析】根据文章下文Dennis got a group text可知，丹尼斯收到了一条群发短信，receive 与get在此意思相同。故选A。 【例6】天津卷 Now I may still not be the most 18 , social person, but I've become better at oral presentations. I 19 read my poetry out loud at a reading club. A.serious B.outgoing C.nervous D. hardworking 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据文章，现在我的性格可能不是最为外向的那个，因此用 outgoing 【例7】全国一 Yet instead of being discouraged by my 54 progress,I was excited. A. slow B. steady C. normal D. obvious 【解析】考查形容词辨析及语境理解。A. Slow慢的， B. Steady稳定的，C. Normal正常 的，D. Obvious明显的。根据上文作者仅仅学会对手语字母表打手势，因此是缓慢的进步， 故选A。 【例8】天津卷 That summer, When the other teams enjoyed their vacations , we met every day and __28__passing and kicking the football. 28. A. risked B. missed C. considered D. practiced 【解析】考查动词。根据句意，我们每天都聚集在一起并且练习传球和踢球。A冒险，B 错过，思念，C考虑，认为，D练习。因此选D。【例9】天津卷 I felt that it would be a __31__for us even if we lost the game. A. shame B. burden C. victory D. favor 【解析】考查名词。根据句意，最终我们遇到了这个州的第一名。我觉得即使我们输掉了 比赛，对我们而言也是一个胜利。A羞愧，B负担，C胜利，D帮助，喜好。因此选C。 【例10】北京卷 Sometimes I’d get 45 and take a shot at the wrong direction—which made me feel really stupid. A.committed B. motivated C. embarrassed D. confused 【解析】考查形容词。我们看到下文中出现了wrong和 stupid这两个明显表示负态度的形 容词，因此可以排除A（坚定的）、B（有动力的）D（困惑的）都属于负面态度。根据语 境，考虑到动作的顺序，“我”应该是先感到困惑，然后投篮投错了方向，而不是先感到 尴尬，再投错方向，因此选D。 5、短语题 （1）短语题的定义 【形式】核心理解：动词+介词/副词 短语题定义：不等于两部分的简单叠加，一定要发生变化。 【注意】介词/副词在动词短语中表示“方向或关系”。高效率的背词组，按介词和副词来 背。 go to cut down 不是短语题中的短语，cut up是短语，因为cut up（切碎）≠cut+up （2）解题步骤 第1步：翻译空格前后的内容，猜测此处的最佳汉语意思。（穷尽原则）第2步：看各个选项中的介词or 副词，看哪个副词 or介词能够反映最佳汉语意思。 （最 起码要做到不矛盾，排除干扰选项1-2） 第3步：看选项中的动词，看哪个动词能够反映最佳汉语意思。 （3）必备知识：各个介词的含义 （8个） 带ON词组： 带OFF 带OUT UP 持续，继续，在某方 分离，结束，开始 向外，超越， 向上，到达，出现 面，关于，接触。 set off（开始动手） 发生，出现， get on (get off) put 为什么结束和开始， 出来，开始 on (put off) 哲学的角度：一件事 情的结束，就是另外 一件事情的开始。 Over for to/ toward against 结束，超越；贯穿和 支持；为了； 持续 到达；相对 反对；相对，对应 经历 up down on off for agaist at to over out 【例1】全国1卷 I idea of the class...... A put forward Bjump at Ctried out Dturn down 第1 步：我产生，出现，提出，蹦出，涌现出一个想法 第2步：看副词和介词：ABC可以。 第3步：看动词：B选项 【例2】北京卷 At the state competition, Lola didn‘t fall __47__ the beam（平衡木）. In fact, she got an 8.1 out of 10 ——— her highest score yet.A. to B．on C．off D．against 【解析】小女孩没有掉下来，而fall off意为“从…掉下来”。 【例3】江苏卷 Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment. Their savings had been 36 to pay lawyers’ fees. A. drawn up B. used up C. backed up D. kept up 【解析】考查动词短语。根据上下文可知他们的钱全部用来付律师费了。used up用光、用 尽，drawn up拉起，backed up支持，kept up继续。故答案选B。 【例4】天津卷 Kate heard a man's voice in the background, but she couldn't what he was saying. A.set aside B.take back C.make out D.keep off 【解析】本题考查动词词组辨析。句意： 凯特听到背景中有一个男人的声音，但她听不清 他在说什么。set aside“存储，留出”； take back“收回，拿回”；make out“辨认出，理 解，了解”； keep off“（使）避开”。故选C。 如果仅仅凭借动词就可以做出来的题目，就认为是动词题，不作为动词短语题来解答 【例5】天津卷 The old team had no coach, and they didn’t even practice to __20__ the game. A. cheer for B. prepare for C. help with D. finish with 【解析】考查动词词组。根据句意，老队没有教练，他们甚至不练习去为这个比赛做准 备。A欢呼，B准备，C帮助，D结束。因此选B四、篇章结构解题法 1、文章 U 型结构解题 记叙文： 两种类型——U型，直线型 U型：首段提出问题------中间经过困难和挫折---最后皆大欢喜或者有教育意义 全国二卷（中间段） Getting a little （closer）, I realized one kayak（皮划艇） was in __47__. ＂Something’s not __48__!＂ 47. A. trouble B. advance C. question D. battle 48. A. real B. right C. fair D. fit 【解析】47题考查名词。根据后文作者出手相救，可知这只皮艇此时有危险，因此选A。 48题考查形容词。因为感觉有危险，因此说的是情况不对了，选B。 天津卷（最后一段） A year later, I 19 my goal: I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000! I feel that I've been given a second life to devote to something that is 20 and enormous. 19.A. set B. reached C. missed D. dropped 20.A. stressful B. painful C. meaningful D. peaceful 【解析】19题考查动词。文中意为到达目标，应该用reach the goal，故选B。 20题考查形容词。文中"I feel that I've been given a second life to devote to something that is and enormous" 我感觉我被赋予了第二次生命来致力于有意义并且大的事情。A紧张的，B 痛苦的，C有意义的，D和平的，故C符合题意。 2、分段首句出题 分段首句出题，除了采用词性解题法外，还有一种选择可以采用总分对照法，即整段其他题目做完后，再总结。 【例1】全国1 The following term, I 56 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was p rohibited . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.Instead, if there had been any talking, it would have caused us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the new way of communication it opens. 56. A. missed B. passed C. gave up D. registered for 【解析】考查动词辨析及语境理解。A. Missed错过， B. Passed通过，C. gave up放弃， D. registered for报名。根据下文作者报名参加了这个课程。故选D。 3、议论文和说明文（首段为文章中心） 解此类文章的三个技巧： ①文章首段首句一般不出题（文章中心）。 *如果出题，也是后半句：如果不是中心，会有一个but，根据逻辑关系可以推出。 ②分段首句出题：①总分对照（看首首+看后面）；②看后文。 ③任何一题不会做，回过头来看首句。 4、记叙文：花朵文（传播主旋律、价值观、正能量） 1. 跳读首尾句进行预测 一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句，便可判断体裁， 猜想它要讲什么。若首句交代了when, where, who, what，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很 可能就是一个故事;若首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文;若首句提出一个论 点，那么就是议论文。 首句往往开宗明义，是文章的主题。细读首句可启示全文。而尾句又往往是对文章主 题的总结。所以，它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口，对我们理解全文有着重要的启示作用。Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in Scotland. In an interview, she recalled how she became a percussion soloist (打击乐器独奏演员) in spite of her disability. 本文主要讲述的是苏格兰第一位女打击乐器独奏演员Evelyn Glennie在耳聋的情况下 成功学习打击乐器的经历。根据首句给出的信息，下面我们可以猜想 Evelyn Glennie学习 打击乐器过程必然充满困难，而能够在耳聋的情况下学习打击乐器，Evelyn Glennie对音乐 肯定也是充满热情的。 2. 利用语法分析解题 完形填空虽然以语境填空为主，但也有部分考查语法项目的题目。对于这类题，考生 可以利用平时所学的词汇知识，分析单词(组)的使用范围、动词的及物和不及物，并利用 句子结构、句式特点等知识全面衡量所有选项排除干扰。如： ___8___ I had been born in the 16th century, I would have had no job. A. Because B. While C. If D. Since 【解析】根据后面的I had been born in the 16th century可知这只是个假设，是一个虚拟语气 的条件句。故前面要用 if 引导。 3. 利用固定搭配解题 完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两方 面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语”，不能随意改动。所以， 考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。要做好这类题，需 要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨析能力，特别是在特定的语境中能灵活运用的 能力。如： They couldn’t read or write. They didn’t like to work and they never ___12___ baths. A. took B. washed C. ran D. covered 【解析】本题考查的是固定搭配take a bath，意为“洗澡”。 4. 利用固定句型解题 完形填空虽然注重考查语境理解，但同时也会考到一些固定句型，考生掌握好这些句 型，对确定题目的答案很有帮助。如：It wasn’t long ___18___the police caught the thief. A. after B. when C. before D. until 【解析】It wasn’t long before…是常用句型，意为“不久就……”。这里说的是不久警察就 把小偷捉到了。 5. 利用复现信息解题 语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词 复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词 汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。因此，利用上下文寻找解题 信息，确定正确答案。如： I put my head in, expecting the worst. But to my surprise, the room wasn’t empty at all. It had furniture, curtains, a TV, and even paintings on the wall. And then on the well-made bed sat Amy, my new ___44___, dressed neatly. A. roommate B. classmate C. neighbor D. companion 【解析】名词同现，空格前出现了room, furniture, curtains, a TV等同现信息可知坐在铺好 的床上的是“我”的室友。 6. 利用跳读法解题 一般而言，完形填空要填的20空中总有一些空是相对简单的。对于这类空格考生可以 先将其确定下来，之后再逐个去突破其他空。跳过那些不太容易得出答案的题。切忌做题 时循规蹈矩地一个顺着一个地去完成。如： “Visitors!” repeated Josh, wide-awake at once. He___1___ up and looked around. A short distance away, a group of___2___ stood quietly watching us. One of them ___3___ walking toward us. We both jumped to our ___4___ not knowing what to expect. 1. A. sat B. stayed C. thought D. put 2. A. pilots B. natives C. editors D. assistants 3. A. avoided B. delayed C. began D. desired 4. A. boat B. car C. horses D. feet 【解析】在通读全文的第一遍中，我们可以很容易地将第四空填出来，这是固定搭配 jumpto one’s feet (跳起来);由此也可推出第三空的答案，因为有人开始向“我们”走了过来，所 以“我们”才跳了起来;再根据第一空前面的wide-awake可知，此处指的应该是“我和Josh 完全清醒，坐起来，环顾四周”，所以第一空的答案为A;最后，根据句首Visitors可推知 第二空的答案为B。 7. 巧用排除法解题 在有些情况下，考生如果不能很有把握地直接得出某一道题的答案，可以把排除法和词汇 语法分析结合起来运用，缩小选择的范围，提高正确率。如： The woman looked carefully at me ___5___ through her glasses, and then questioned me in a low voice. A. as usual B. for a while C. in a minute D. once again 【解析】这篇文章讲述的是没有工作经验的作者找到工作的故事。此题的解题关键词是 carefully，既然是“认真地看”，就不会是in a minute (立刻、马上);既然互不相识，作者也 未曾去找过工作，不会是as usual(像往常一样);前面没说已经打量过作者一次了，所以用 once again(再一次)是不合理的。所以，答案只能是B. 8. 利用逻辑关系解题 尝试从逻辑关系的高度整体上把握，就会不无惊喜地发现逻辑关系才是征服完形填空 的最佳途径。所谓逻辑关系并不缥缈，它就隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落与段落的 衔接中。通过逻辑关系的方法，我们可以通过确切、具体的线索，把答案的逻辑意义推测 出来，从而在答案中寻找表现了相同逻辑意义的选项。这样做，使得题目的难度大大降低。 (1) 句中逻辑关系 Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements—usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and___45___nitrogen. They are different in that their elements are arranged differently, and each vitamin performs one or more specific functions in the body. A. mostly B. partly C. sometimes D. rarely 【解析】短文中的usually和and是本题逻辑推理的线索。And前后构成了并列关系，即 and前的 usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 这些维生素成分和and 后面的 nitrogen 成分形成并列关系，相应修饰 carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 的usually必然和修饰 nitrogen 的45空的 词构成一一对应的逻辑关系。鉴于此，在45空考虑填入的应是和usually相对应的频度副 词，而语义与usually略有不同。mostly 和partly都表示了部分、量的含义，与频度无关。 rarely(很少地，罕有地)虽表示了频度关系，但其意义与usually相反，不符合一一对应的一 致性，因此排除。只有C项sometimes(不时，有时)恰到好处地表示了and前后两部分的逻 辑对应。故选C。 (2) 句间逻辑关系 在此，我们发现所谓逻辑关系并不抽象，它往往通过转折、让步、递进、因果等明确 的逻辑关系词来体现。当然，句子的逻辑关系也不一定体现在一句话的内部，它还可以渗 透到篇章的层面上，在句与句之间表现出来。如： Ms Cleveland does not keep her workers on a short leash. ___13___, she encourages them to get ___14___ ways to do business. A. Still B. Yet C. Instead D. While 【解析】根据前后句子的意思可推出两句间的逻辑关系是转折，意思是“Old Mr Cleveland 把工人用带子捆绑起来(没有任何自由)，而她不那样，相反(instead)她鼓励雇员”。 (3) 段间逻辑关系 这种逻辑关系主要体现在段落之间的衔接上。如： Not everyone sees that process in perspective. It is important to do so. It is generally recognized, ___29___, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, followed by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, although its impact in the media was not immediately apparent. A. indeed B. hence C. however D. therefore 【解析】这里有两种情况，第一可能是第二段前后的逻辑体现;第二就是段落的前后衔接。 但是，这个题出现在第二段的第一句 ，那么，从完形填空注重逻辑关系的命题思路来看， 我们优先考虑第二种情况。前段末句意为“不是每个人都能够正确看待这个进程”。而第 二段首句为“大家普遍认为”，显然这两者之间存在了逻辑意义上的相反，此处可能体现 了一种转折关系。故选C。9. 巧用背景常识解题 在回答完型填空问题的时候，有些时候，文章给出的信息是不充分的，还要综合考虑 读者大脑中所存储的知识，最终得出与常理相一致的最优答案。所以，考生的知识范围越 大，就会更容易理解文章，从总体上了解所选短文在说些什么，这样就能更好地完成局部 上的每一个空。所以，在做完型填空题目时，英语的基础知识以及对世界的了解，就显得 尤为重要。 当对语言的把握不很准确时，可充分利用自己已掌握的文化背景和生活常识，巧妙地 加以运用，先找出并理解文章主题和主线，并根据主题猜测细节，注意从重复出现的词语 中寻找、体会文章表达的氛围。这样将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时 间，顺利地沿作者的思路阅读下去。如： After ___2___ the British flag at the Pole, they took a photograph of themselves before they started the 950-mile journey back. A. growing B. putting C. planting D. laying 【解析】根据常识，南极地区冰雪覆盖，须费好大的劲将旗插进极地，plant在这里的意思 是“安插”“插牢”，故答案为plant。 10. 利用对比结构解题 对比结构常把两种对立的事物或同一事物的两个不同方面并列出来加以比较或对比。 高考完形填空题常常利用句子之间的对比关系或者同一个句子的不同部分之间的对比关系 设计题目。如： A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and___59___room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on. A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable 【解析】本题利用相似短语之间的对比关系来命题。设空部分与下文的 a small, noisy room with the television on存在对比关系。作者想借此说明“相同的作业”对于“不同家庭背景 的学生”所表现出的事实上的不公平。答案为C。 11. 利用平行结构解题 平行结构指的是结构相同或相似，意思密切关联，语法一致的句子或词组成串排列的语言现象。这些结构的形式整齐匀称，内容联系紧密。 命题者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度，利用其表现意义的关联或对比这一 特点来设空。高考完形填空短文常常会出现这样一些平行结构，掌握这些结构极为相似的 句子可大大提高我们的解题效率。如： Companies with low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and continue working to keep them ___42___ and active. A. alive B. vivid C. mobile D. diverse 【解析】因空格处与and后面的active是平行的，所以答案为与active意思相近的alive。 12. 利用暗示和对应解题 完形填空题中虽然也穿插了对语法、短语和单词的辨析、句子结构的考查等，但对文 章故事情节发展线索的逻辑考查仍是重点。暗示与上下对应的思维方法，是突破此类完形 填空最关键的思维方式。 考生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，做题时要把每个空白处的含义与前后 句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。难选之处前后通常多有暗示，这种暗 示多为后面暗示前面。如： ...he would join student groups to discuss a variety of ___47___: agriculture, diving and mathematics. A. questions B. subjects C. matters D. contents 【解析】此题后面的冒号部分有提示：agriculture，diving and mathematics是他们谈话讨论 的话题，由此可得出本题的答案为B。 13. 根据文章的感情色彩解题 考生在第一遍通读时，应在掌握文章大意，弄清作者思路的基础上，着重寻找反映语 境褒贬性的标志性词汇或句子，这些标志性词汇或句子往往对文章的语境褒贬性起着决定 性的作用。如： I was so surprised that I was ___47___(speechless). My cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape. ___48___(As a result), at the point in our game when I’d have predicted the score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor, it was ___49___(instead) 7 to 9 and Ed was 50 (leading). 【解析】surprised 一词道出了情况的转折，我们可以看到这时作者用词的转变。made aneffort，get into shape 等这些褒义词的使用对这些空的选择起到了很好的引导作用。 speechless, instead 都是由惊讶得出的。 14. 综合利用各种线索解题 完形填空题主要考查短文阅读理解的能力。因此考生必须阅读全文，弄清句子与句子 之间的关系，准确理解全文。为了答好题，考生必须从字里行间寻找能够利用的线索。如 书写和形态变化线索(graphic and morphological clues)、词汇线索(lexical clues)、句法线索 (syntactical clues)、社会文化线索(socio-cultural clues)，并根据有关的线索进行猜测，作出 合理的判断。如： And the clerk confirmed that his plane was leaving at nine o’clock three days from that day… Since he was ___44___ in three days, Andy didn’t lose any time. A. moving B. returning C. staying D. leaving 【解析】单从这句来看，考生实难判断出正确答案，但如果结合前文，就可以找到设空部 分的解题线索——上文中出现的词汇leaving。故本题答案为D。 举例： (10·广东) Every country has its own culture. Even though each country uses doors. .Doors many have 21 functions and purposes which lead to 22 differences. When I first came to America, I noticed that a public building had two different 23 and they had distiFnct functions. You have to push the door with the word “PUSH” to go out of the building and to pull the door with the word “PULL” to 24 the building. This was new to me, because we use the 25 door in south Korea. For quite a few times I failed to go out of a shopping centre and was embarrassed. The way of using school bus doors was also 26 to me .I used to take the school bus to classes. The school decided that when the driver opened both the front and back doors, 27 who were getting off the bus should get off first , and students who were getting on should get on 28 . In south Korea, we do not need to wait for people to get off. One morning, I hurried to thebus ,and when the bus doors opened, I 29 _tried to get on the school bus through the front door. All the students around looked at me, I was totally 30 ,and my face went red. 21. A.different B.important C.practical D.unusual 22. A.national B.embarrassing C.cultural D.amazing 23. A.exits B.entrances C.signs D.doors 24.A.enter B.leave C.open D.close 25. A.main B.same C.front D.back 26.A.annoying B.hard C.satisfying D.strange 27.A.parents B.students C.teachers D.drivers 28.A.sooner B.later C.faster D.earlier 29.A.politely B.patiently C.unconsciously D.slowly 30.A.embarrassed B.annoyed C.unsatisfied D.excited 五、特殊句型解题法 ①主系表结构解名词和形容词题 主系表中，表语如果是n. 主语和表语是等同关系。She is a nurse. 如果是adj，考察修饰关系。The box is useful. the useful box 【例1】 全国三卷 What a __58__ this young man was to our family! He was so sweet and kind to do this. A. pity B. blessing C. relief D. problem 【解析】根据touching words可知，这家人认为丹尼斯的善举对于他们来说是一种福分， 四个选项里blessing "幸运，福祉" 最符合语境。故选B。②宾补解形容词题 宾语补足语中的adj.(看宾语和此adj之间的修饰关系) 【例1】 全国一卷 In his introduction, he made it 9 that our credits would be hard-earned. A .real B. perfect C. clear D. possible 2019江苏卷 She refused to live with male cranes, and even had a .reputation for killing some of them, which made it 10 for her to become a mother. 10.A.illegal B.inspiring C.important D.impossible ③被动句解动词题 【例1】 全国3卷 Teresa posted a photo of the chance meeting on a social networking website __57__ by the touching words: ＂What a blessing this young man was to our family! He was so sweet and kind to do this.＂ A. confirmed B. simplified C. clarified D. accompanied 【解析】根据by the touching words可知，在发布照片的同时，还配了文字。accompany在 句中的意思是 "附有，带有" 。故选D。 六、答案检查大法 1、答案均分规律 5A，5B，5C，5D 作用：可以帮助我们最后检查。如最后统计选项的个数，如果某个选项≥8个，肯定有答 案错了。2、答案相连概率 ①相邻两个答案完全相同的概率较低，即出现AA，BB，CC，DD。（即使有，20个答案 中一般不超过两次，且不同，即第一次是AA，第二次绝对不可能是AA）。 ②相邻三个答案完全相同的概率几乎为0，即出现AAA，BBB，CCC，DDD。 5、反义选项二选一 江西卷 “I know it's __40__ for you，” Mum said softly. “But I'm just worried other people might think we're a little…strange. And then they would make fun of you.” 40. A. fair B. easy C. good D. hard 【解析】D 线索性思维。此句与上文的sadly相呼应，母亲明白James的难处，故选D项。 全国卷 On winter days, Mr.Greenberg （ give away ） gloves. During the rest of the year, he 27 gloves. A. Borrows B. sells C. returns D. buys 【解析】此句与上文的sadly相呼应，母亲明白James的难处，故选D项。 结合前文可知，他在冬天的时候发放（give away）手套，那么在一年中的其他时候，他当 然就得买(buy)手套。 江苏卷 49 on the mountain, my most valuable possessions were my 50 with my neighbors. A. Up B. Down C. Deep D. Along 【解析】A。由第二段中“I came upon a shabby house four miles up a winding mountain road” 可知房子在山上，可知选up。 6、形似选项二选一 全国一 It was （impossible ） for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joe's __50__ waspulling Simon slowly towards the precipice(峭壁). A. height B. weight C. strength D. equipment 【解析】考察名词词义辨析及上下文串联。A高度；B体重；C力气；D设备；根据 pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice.可知Simon也被拉着向峭壁这边过来了，主要是 因为Joe的体重。因为他们两个人系在一根绳子上，所以Joe拉着Simon向峭壁过去了。 天津卷 "Just think, my little girl, only ten dozen left for each of us and then we're 24 .” A. lost B. done C. gone D. touched 【解析】B。必杀三项。本句意思是：我们每人“仅仅”需要摘十打，然后我们就结束了。 be done是固定用法，意思是“结束，做完了”。 7、同义选项二选一或全排除 全国卷 Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was __41__along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . 41. A. walking B. touring C．traveling D．rushing 【解析】考查动词辨析及语境理解。Walk走路；tour旅行；travel旅游、行进；rush冲。根 据下文中Larry pulled over可知他沿着公路行驶，故选C。 福建卷 He could have gone on regretting it, __44__too many of us do. A.as B．once C．if D．while 【解析】考查连词：句意，他可以像我们大多数人一样去后悔.As像；once一旦；if如果； while然而。七、高考真题 1. 2023年2月四省联考 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。 Dr. Smith of New York works at a center for children who can’t learn well. One day a father brought his son to him for____21____ at his office. The father told Dr. Smith about his son. “My son has ____22____ in learning and can’t even play baseball. He isn’t doing well because he doesn’t try. I have done everything for him. I have even shouted at him. But nothing ____23____. ” After Dr. Smith tested the boy, he ____24____ his father. He asked the father to sit in front of a ____25____ and then gave him a pencil and a piece of paper. There was a ____26____ on the paper. He asked the father to look only in the mirror and ____27____ the lines of the star with the pencil. The father made the same ____28____ anyone makes. Every time he ____29____ the pencil, it went the wrong way. The father’s face became red. At this ____30____ the doctor shouted at him, “Hurry up! Why are you ____31____ so long? You can’t do such an ____32____ thing! You don’t know left from right!” These ____33____ made the father very angry. “Now you can ____34____, can’t you?” The doctor said to him. “Your son has felt just like that all the time. You scolded (训斥) him too often, so he didn't try any more. He was afraid of making mistakes. ” ____35____ the father understood everything. He put his face down. Now he felt so sorry. 21. A. testing B. acting C. teaching D. playing 22. A. confidence B. interest C. experience D. difficulty 23. A. returns B. helps C. appears D. remains 24. A. waited for B. searched for C. believed in D. called in 25. A. mirror B. television C. painting D. desk 26. A. face B. line C. number D. star 27. A. remove B. follow C. cross D. cut28. A. decisions B. choices C. mistakes D. patterns 29. A. touched B. dropped C. moved D. sharpened 30. A. speed B. corner C. end D. point 31. A. staying B. taking C. preparing D. writing 32. A. easy B. important C. obvious D. exciting 33. A. ideas B. words C. questions D. instructions 34. A. relax B. leave C. understand D. promise 35. A. Interestingly B. Absolutely C. Suddenly D. Unfortunately 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. C 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位父亲带学习有困难的孩子去做测试。结果，父亲 才是那个造成孩子学习困难的人。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，一位父亲带着儿子到他的办公室做测试。A. testing测试； B. acting行动；C. teaching教；D. playing玩耍。根据下文“After Dr. Smith tested the boy, he 4 his father.”可知，男孩做了测试。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我儿子学习有困难，甚至不会打棒球。A. confidence自信心；B. interest兴趣；C. experience经验；D. difficulty困难。根据下文“He isn’t doing well because he doesn’t try. I have done everything for him.”可知，父亲为儿子做了一切，但是还是学习 学不好，所以就认为儿子有学习困难。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是什么都没用。A. returns归还；B. helps帮助；C. appears出 现；D. remains仍然。根据前文“One day a father brought his son to him for testing at his office.”可知，父亲带儿子来做测试，说明自己做的一切都是不起帮助作用的。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：史密斯医生检查完男孩后，把他父亲叫来。A. waited for等待； B. searched for寻找；C. believed in信任；D. called in叫来。根据本句“After Dr. Smith tested the boy”可知，史密斯医生检查完男孩后会把父亲叫进来说明情况。故选D。 【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他让父亲坐在镜子前，然后给了他一支铅笔和一张纸。A. mirror镜子；B. television电视；C. painting绘画；D. desk桌子。根据下文“He asked the father to look only in the mirror and 7 the lines of the star with the pencil.” 可知，父亲是坐在镜子前的。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：纸上有一颗星星。A. face脸；B. line行；C. number数字；D. star星星。根据下文“He asked the father to look only in the mirror and 7 the lines of the star with the pencil.”可知，父亲是坐在镜子前画星星的。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他让父亲只照镜子，用铅笔沿着星星的线条画。A. remove移除； B. follow跟随，按照；C. cross跨过；D. cut切割。根据本句“He asked the father to look only in the mirror”可知，纸上有个星星，但是父亲只能按照要求照着镜子中的星星画。故选 B。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个父亲犯了所有人都会犯的错误。A. decisions决定；B. choices选择；C. mistakes错误；D. patterns模式。根据下文“Every time he 9 the pencil, it went the wrong way.”可知，父亲也会犯错误，每次划线，都走错了方向。故 选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意： 每次他移动铅笔，它都走错了方向。A. touched触摸；B. dropped掉落；C. moved移动；D. sharpened使变锋利。根据本句“it went the wrong way” 可知，铅笔走错了方向，应是父亲移动铅笔。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这时，医生对他喊道：“快点！ 怎么花了这么长时间？这么简 单的事你做不出来！你根本不知道左右!”。A. speed速度；B. corner角落；C. end末端； D. point要点。根据前文“Every time he 9 the pencil, it went the wrong way.”以 及后文“the doctor shouted at him”可知，父亲犯了错，这时医生对他喊。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时，医生对他喊道：“快点！你怎么花了这么长时间？这么 简单的事你做不出来！你根本不知道左右!”。A. staying停留；B. taking花费；C. preparing准备；D. writing写。根据前文“Every time he 9 the pencil, it went the wrong way.”可知，父亲一直犯错，会花很长时间。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这时，医生对他喊道：“快点！你怎么花了这么长时间？这 么简单的事你做不出来！你根本不知道左右!”。A. easy容易的；B. important重要的；C. obvious明显的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。根据后文“You don’t know left from right!”可知， 分不清左右是很简单的事。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些话让父亲非常生气。A. ideas想法；B. words言语；C. questions问题；D. instructions指示。根据前文“ “Hurry up! Why are you 1 1 so long? You can’t do such an 1 2 thing! You don’t know left from right!””可知，这是医生 对父亲说的话。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“现在你明白了，是吗?”医生对他说。A. relax放松；B. leave 离开；C. understand理解；D. promise承诺。根据下文“the father understood everything” 可知，医生在问父亲是否明白其中道理。故选C。 【 35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，父亲明白了一切。A. Interestingly有意思的是；B. Absolutely绝对地；C. Suddenly突然；D. Unfortunately不幸的是。根据前文““Your son has felt just like that all the time. You scolded (训斥) him too often, so he didn't try any more. He was afraid of making mistakes. ””可知，父亲在听完医生的话后，一瞬间就明白了。故选C。 2. 2023年1月浙江卷 The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to ____41____ a unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the ____42____. Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often ____43____ . I ____44____ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He ____45____ handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and ____46____ the bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tiedto his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began ____47____ . He stopped every few minutes to move the ____48____ higher up the tree trunk. ____49____ , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch, he _____50_____ towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d _____51_____ the trunk and was back on the ground. It was too _____52_____ to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed _____53_____ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were _____54_____ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. He had to wait for the right _____55_____ to go back up. 41. A. share B. collect C. celebrate D. witness 42. A. courtyards B. fields C. treetops D. caves . 43 A. urgent B. dangerous C. expensive D. pointless 44. A. searched B. recognised C. followed D. invited 45. A. gathered B. cleaned C. dropped D. checked 46. A. shook B. lit C. measured D. decorated 47. A. jumping B. talking C. testing D. climbing 48. A. hives B. leaves C. rope D. honey 49. A. Finally B. Surprisingly C. Naturally D. Immediately . 50 A. backed B. dived C. shouted D. inched 51. A. cut off B. gone up C. slid down D. held onto 52. A. high B. early C. fast D. close 53. A. hatching B. training C. sowing D. trading 54. A. curious B. hungry C. bored D. angry 55. A. moment B. equipment C. person D. order 【答案】41. D 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. D 51. C 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者跟随埃塞俄比亚坚持传统养蜂技艺的Ziyad，进 行的一次独特的采蜜经历。 【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A. share分享；B. collect 收集；C. celebrate庆祝；D. witness见证；目睹。根据下文“I ____4____ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle.”可知，作者是跟随经验丰富的 养蜂人Ziyad见证埃塞俄比亚传统的采蜜方式。故选D项。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在埃塞俄比亚东南部，手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。A. courtyards庭院；B. fields田野；领域；C. treetops树顶；D. caves洞穴。根据下文“higher up the tree trunk.”可知，手工制作的蜂箱是放在树顶高处。故选C项。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A. urgent 紧急的；B. dangerous危险的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. pointless毫无意义的。根据“The adult bees were ____14____ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.”可知，采摘蜂 蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是很危险的。故选B项。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟随着养蜂人走过一片广阔的草地，进入茂密的丛林。A. searched搜索；B. recognised认出；C. followed跟随；D. invited邀请。根据前文“I was on my way to ____1____ a unique honey harvest.”可知，作者此行是为了跟随经验丰富的养蜂 人，近距离观察Ziyad如何采蜜。故选C项。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃 这捆树叶当火把。A. gathered聚集、采集；B. cleaned清除；C. dropped掉落；D. checked 检查。根据下文“handfuls of damp tree leaves”可知，此处指Ziyad从丛林各处，收集一些 潮湿的树叶。故选A项。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这 捆树叶当火把。A. shook摇晃；B. lit点燃；点亮；C. measured测量；D. decorated装饰。根 据后文“to create a torch”可知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B项。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树 干上。然后 Ziyad 开始向上攀爬。A. jumping 跳；B. talking 谈话；C. testing 测试；D.climbing攀爬。根据“higher up the tree trunk”可知，Ziyad要向上爬到树顶，才能采集到 蜂蜜。故选D项。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每过一会儿就停下调整绳索位置，继续向上攀爬。A. hives蜂 房；B. leaves树叶；C. rope绳索；D. honey蜂蜜。根据“Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree,”可知，Ziyad是通过不断调整绳索的位 置，保证自己安全灵活地向上攀爬。故选C项。 【49题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad最终到达了蜂巢。那儿距离地面大概有 20米高。A. Finally最终；B. Surprisingly令人意外地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Immediately立刻。根据 上文“He stopped every few minutes to move the ____8____ higher up the tree trunk.”可知， 身手矫健的Ziyad借助绳索不断向上攀爬，终于到达树顶放置蜂巢的位置。故选A项。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad坐在一节树枝上，小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢，对准火把， 将烟吹入蜂巢的一个小孔里。A. backed支持；B. dived跳水；C. shouted对……大声喊叫； D. inched 缓慢移动。根据上文“Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often ____3____”可知，采集蜂蜜是困难且危险的工作，这要求采蜜的人经验丰富，动作快慢节 奏快慢结合，此处指Ziyad小心翼翼地将火把凑近蜂巢，将烟吹入蜂巢中。故选D项。 【51题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：几秒钟过后，他就从树干滑下，重新回到地面。A. cut off切除； B. gone up上升；C. slid down滑下；D. held onto抓牢。根据前文“Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground.”和后文“was back on the ground”可知， Ziyad是从树顶滑下，回到地面。故选C项。 【52题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在采集蜂蜜还为时尚早。A. high高的；B. early早的；C. fast快速的；D. close亲近的。根据下文“A cool summer had delayed ____13____ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，现在蜜蜂幼虫尚未成年，蜂蜜酿造完成还需要一 段时日。故选B项。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天凉爽的温度延误了幼虫孵化。A. hatching孵化；B. training培训；C. sowing播种；D. trading与……作交易；交换。根据“Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，此时蜜蜂宝宝较以往孵化时间更晚，尚未成年。故选A项。 【54题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad从树上逃离之时，成年蜂群被激怒了，持续不断地攻击 他。A. curious好奇的；B. hungry饥饿的；C. bored无聊的；D. angry生气的。根据下文 “kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree”可知，蜜蜂被外来侵入者激怒，不停地攻击 Ziyad。故选D项。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要等待合适的时刻，再次爬上树顶采摘蜂蜜。A. moment 时刻；B. equipment设备；C. person个人；D. order点餐；命令。根据上文“A cool summer had delayed ____13____ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，蜂蜜尚未形 成，Ziyad只好另待时机，等幼虫变成成年蜂后，再来采蜜。故选A项。 3. 2022年新高考1卷 My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years. Some of our ___41___ are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we ___42___ along Chalk Creek. I was ___43___ that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was ___44___, and his crying let the whole campground know it. So ___45___ tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It ___46___ — he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did. Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we ___47___, but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly ___48___ our peaceful morning trip. The ___49___ picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to _____50_____ the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No _____51_____. We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there _____52_____, a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were _____53_____. Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with asense of _____54_____, wondering what camping fun and _____55_____ we will experience next. 41. A. ideas B. jokes C. memories D. discoveries 42. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled 43. A. annoyed B. surprised C. disappointed D. worried 44. A. unhurt B. unfortunate C. uncomfortable D. unafraid 45. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D. as for 46. A. worked B. happened C. mattered D. changed 47. A. signed up B. calmed down C. checked out D. headed off 48. A. arranged B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded 49. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. speed 50. A. find B. hide C. start D. fix 51. A. luck B. answer C. wonder D. signal 52. A. patiently B. tirelessly C. doubtfully D. helplessly 53. A. sorry B. brave C. safe D. right 54. A. relief B. duty C. pride D. excitement 55. A. failure B. adventure C. performance D. conflict 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B 46. A 47. D 48. B 49. A 50. C 51. A 52. D 53. C 54. D 55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒 险，并且作者和家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。 【 41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一些记忆很有趣，尤其是在早些年我们的孩子很小的时 候。A. ideas想法；B. jokes笑话；C. memories记忆；D. discoveries发现。根据上文“have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years”以及下文“especially from the early years when our children were little”可推知，此处指作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一 些记忆是有趣的。故选C。 【 42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped露营；B. drove开车；C. walked散步；D. cycled骑自行车。根据上文“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.”可知，此处指作者与家人一起在溪边 露营。故选A。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我担心我们15个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里。A. annoyed恼怒 的；B. surprised惊讶的C. disappointed失望的；D. worried担心的。根据下文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”可推知，此处指作者担心自己的孩子会掉进小 溪里，所以才在他的腰上系了一根绳子。故选D。 【44题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很不舒服，他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点。A. unhurt未受伤的；B. unfortunate不幸的；C. uncomfortable不舒服的；D. unafraid无所畏惧 的。根据上文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”以及下文“his crying let the whole campground know it”可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服， 所以才会哭。故选C。 【45题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以我没有把他绑起来，而是密切关注着他。A. due to由于； B. instead of代替、而不是；C. apart from除了；D. as for至于。根据上文“He was uncomfortable, and his crying let the whole campground know it.”以及下文“I just kept a close eye on him”可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以作者放弃在他身上绑绳 子，而是密切关注着他。故选B。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最终没有掉进小溪里。A. worked起作用；B. happened发生；C. mattered事关紧要；D. changed改变。根据下文“he didn’t end up in the creek.”可推知，此处指作者的密切关注起作用了，孩子没有掉进小溪里。故选A。 【47题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中 断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. signed up注册、报名；B. calmed down冷静下来；C. checked out退房、结账离开；D. headed off启程、出发。根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文 “but storms move in fast in the mountains”可推知，此处指天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴 朗。故选D。【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中 断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. arranged安排；B. interrupted中断；C. completed完成；D. recorded记录。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly”以及下 文“our peaceful morning trips”可推知，此处指风暴来临，作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选 B。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A. wind风；B. noise噪音；C. temperature温度；D. speed速度。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains”可推知， 此处指大风刮了起来。故选A。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A. find找到；B. hide隐藏；C. start启动；D. fix修理。根据下文“Nothing. He tried again.”以及“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可推知，此处指作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选C。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有好运。A. luck好运；B. answer回答；C. wonder惊奇；D. signal信号。根据下文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可推知， 此处指作者的丈夫再次尝试启动，也没有获得好运，船依然无法启动。故选A。 【52题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根 绳子并把我们拖了回来。A. patiently耐心地；B. tirelessly不知疲倦地；C. doubtfully怀疑地； D. helplessly无助地。根据上文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.” 可推知，此处指在天气恶劣的情况下船无法启动了，作者与家人十分无助地坐着。故选 D。 【53题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们安全了。A. sorry抱歉的；B. brave勇敢的；C. safe安全 的；D. right正确的。根据上文“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed us back”可 推知，此处指得到了渔夫的帮助，作者和家人安全了。故选C。 【54题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. relief救济；B. duty职责； C. pride自豪；D. excitement兴奋。结合语境，再根据下文“wondering what camping fun” 可推知，此处指作者期待接下来的露营，充满兴奋。故选D。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充 满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. failure失败；B. adventure 冒险；C. performance表现；D. conflict冲突。根据上文“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of excitement, wondering what camping fun and”以及下文“we will experience next”可推知，此处指作者与家人十分期待 即将经历的冒险。故选B。 4. 2022年新高考2卷 Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25- year-old is doing it ___21___ . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive ___22___ , but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel ___23___ . They’re part of a new form of the ___24___ economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-cost stays in ___25___ homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s ___26___ . It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully ___27___ their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to ___28___ . But house sitting also offers a level of ___29___ they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like ____30____ at a friend’s house,” Jessica says. The couple has a high ____31____ rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s ____32____ . For Jessica, that means ____33____ plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house ____34____ and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right ____35____ ,” she says. 21. A. indoors B. online C. single-handed D. full-time22. A. game B. service C. vacation D. procedure 23. A. safe B. busy C. helpful D. affordable 24. A. local B. private C. sharing D. agricultural 25. A. strangers’ B. parents’ C. co-workers’ D. neighbors’ 26. A. favor B. defense C. honor D. absence 27. A. plan B. explain C. compare D. complete 28. A. buy B. transport C. choose D. please 29. A. support B. comfort C. control D. attention 30. A. cooking B. staying C. waiting D. studying 31. A. success B. survival C. growth D. unemployment 32. A. budget B. abilities C. expectations D. understanding 33. A. admiring B. donating C. sending D. borrowing . 34 A. clean B. open C. simple D. empty 35. A. guess B. decision C. response D. impression 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Jessica和丈夫通过当看房人来环球旅行的事情。在 他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对 夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与他们中的大多数人不同，这位25岁的年轻人全职从事这项 工作。A. indoors室内；B. online在线的；C. single-handed单手的；D. full-time全职的。根 据后文“She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. (在过去的两年里，她和她的丈夫周游世界，从巴黎到新 加坡都在这里停留)”可知，这位25岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同 寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. game游戏；B. service服务；C. vacation假期；D. procedure手续。结合上文可知Jessica在环球旅行，所以是假期。故选C。 【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不 同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. safe安全的；B. busy忙碌的；C. helpful有帮助的； D. affordable买的起的。对应上文“It might sound like one long, expensive”指听起来昂贵， 但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们是共享经济新形式的一部分：在线看房者。A. local当地 的；B. private私人的；C. sharing分享；D. agricultural农业的。根据后文“economy: an online group of house sitters”以及提到他们免费住在陌生人家里，可见是共享经济，故选 C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时 候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A. strangers’陌生人的；B. parents’父母的；C. co-workers’同事的； D. neighbors’邻居的。根据上文可知他们在环球旅行，所以是住在陌生人的家里。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时 候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A. favor帮助；B. defense防御；C. honor荣誉；D. absence缺席。 根据上文“they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s”指在房主不在的时候喂宠物、 给植物浇水。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的 宠物安排他们的日子。A. plan计划；B. explain解释；C. compare比较；D. complete完成。 根据宾语“their trips”指计划旅行，应用plan。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的 宠物安排他们的日子。A. buy购买；B. transport运输；C. choose选择；D. please取悦。根 据上文“the pets that are sometimes difficult to”指某些宠物很难照管，故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。A. support 支持；B. comfort舒适，安慰；C. control控制；D. attention注意力。结合后文提到像住在 朋友家，可见照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。故选B。【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这就像住在朋友家一样，”Jessica说。A. cooking烹饪；B. staying停留；C. waiting等待；D. studying学习。根据后文“at a friend’s house”指像呆在朋 友家，应用stay at。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的 预期。A. success成功；B. survival存活；C. growth生长；D. unemployment失业。根据后 文“rate in getting accepted as house sitters”可知此处指他们被接受为看房人的成功率，应用 success。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的 预期。A. budget预算；B. abilities能力；C. expectations期待；D. understanding理解。上文 提到这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，是因为他们总是超出房主的预期，所以成功 率才高。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子 的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. admiring钦佩；B. donating捐赠； C. sending发送；D. borrowing借来。根据后文“plenty of pictures of happy pets”指给房主发 送宠物的照片。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房 子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. clean干净的；B. open开放的； C. simple简单的；D. empty空的。根据上文可知，他们的职责就是照看房子，所以要保持 房子的清洁。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你要让房主觉得他们做了正确的决定，”她说。A. guess猜 测；B. decision决定；C. response反应；D. impression印象。是房主选择了他们当看房人， 所以是房主做了正确的决定，故选B。5. 【2022年全国甲卷】 You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs. For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their ___41___ was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay. Nearly. Last year, I started dating, but with ___42___. When I first dated Steve, I ___43___ he had a dog, Molly, and a cat, Flora. While I was ___44___ that he was an animal lover, I ___45___ that three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack ___46___, the cat. The next week we ___47___ our dogs together. It was a hot day. When we paused to catch our ___48___, Steve got down on one knee. Was he proposing (求婚)? I liked him too, but so ___49___? He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. ______50______, I began to fall for him. We ______51______ to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly had an operation on her ______52______. I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly ______53______ climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve ______54______ his house. All worked ______55______. The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, ______56______ Flora’s space; Steve and I formed a good team ______57______ for Tilly. We made good housemates. A year later, much to my ______58______, this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I ______59______ him to. That’s only for giving ______60______ to the dogs that brought us together. 41. A. ownership B. membership C. companionship D. leadership 42.A.reservations B.expectations C.confidence D.prejudice 43.A.feared B.doubted C.hoped D.learned 44.A.unsatisfied B.amused C.terrified D.thrilled 45.A.predicted B.worried C.regretted D.insisted 46.A.Flora B.Chance C.Molly D.Tilly 47.A.tied B.walked C.bathed D.fed 48.A.breath B.balance C.attention D.imagination 49.A.calm B.sure C.soon D.real50.A.Bytheway B.Inthatcase C.Byallmeans D.Inthatmoment 51.A.continued B.decided C.intended D.pretended 52.A.eye B.tail C.ear D.leg 53.A.secretly B.constantly C.eventually D.unwillingly 54.A.left B.sold C.suggested D.searched 55.A.late B.hard C.fine D.free 56.A.emptied B.respected C.occupied D.discovered 57.A.looking B.caring C.waiting D.calling 58.A.delight B.credit C.interest D.disadvantage 59.A.beg B.trust C.need D.aid 60.A.toys B.awards C.food D.water 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. D 45. B 46. A 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. D 51. A 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. C 56. B 57. B 58. A 59. C 60. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者认为你可以从一个男人对待他的狗的方式来 了解他很多，作者多年和两只爱犬生活在一起，去年开始和拥有猫狗的史蒂夫约会，但有 所保留，因为一次遛狗时史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者渐渐对史蒂夫产生好感，在之 后的接触中，史蒂夫和作者一起照顾作者的爱犬，一年后史蒂夫向作者求婚。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们的陪伴几乎足以让我远离孤独。A. ownership所有权；B. membership会员；C. companionship陪伴；D. leadership领导。由上文的“For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. (多年来，我喜欢和我的狗Tilly和Chance生活 在一起)”可知，作者多年和狗狗生活在一起，可得出狗狗陪伴着作者，让作者远离孤独。 故选C项。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年，我开始约会，但有所保留。A. reservations保留；B. expectations期望；C. confidence信心；D. prejudice偏见。由下文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我的狗)”和 “I began to fall for him (我开始爱上他)”可知，作者是在第二周和史蒂夫一起遛狗时，因为 史蒂夫把水给自己的爱犬喝，作者才对史蒂夫产生好感，可得出刚开始约会时，因为不熟 悉史蒂夫的品行，作者还是有所保留的。故选A项。【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时，我得知他有一条名叫Molly的狗 和一只名叫Flora的猫。A. feared恐惧；B. doubted怀疑；C. hoped希望；D. learned得知。 由上文的“When I first dated Steve (当我第一次和史蒂夫约会时)”和常识可知，第一次约会 会得知对方相关情况，作者从而得知史蒂夫有一只狗和一只猫。故选D项。 【44题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太 的 多了，我 狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A. unsatisfied不满意的；B. amused愉快的；C. terrified 害怕的；D. thrilled非常开心的。由下文的“he was an animal lover (他是一个动物爱好者)” 可知，得知史蒂夫是一个动物爱好者，多年和两只爱犬生活在一起的作者应该是感到愉快 高兴。故选D项。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多 了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A. predicted预测；B. worried担心；C. regretted后悔；D. insisted坚持。由下文的“three dogs were perhaps too many, and my dogs might attack 6 the cat (三条狗可能太多了，我的狗可能会攻击猫)”可知，作者认为三条狗可能太多了，且 自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫的猫，针对这种情况，作者是担忧的。故选B项。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我很高兴他是一个动物爱好者，但我担心三条狗可能太多 了，我的狗可能会攻击猫Flora。A. Flora弗洛拉；B. Chance机会；C. Molly莫莉；D. Tilly 蒂莉。选项指的是文中动物名词。由上文的“he had a dog, Molly, and a car, Flora (他有一条 名叫Molly的狗和一只名叫Flora的猫)”可知，此处指作者担心自己的狗可能会攻击史蒂夫 的猫Flora。故选A项。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二周，我们一起遛狗。A. tied系；B. walked牵着（动物）走； C. bathed沐浴；D. fed喂养。由本处的“ 7 our dogs together (一起……我们的狗)”以及 下文“When we paused”可知，作者和史蒂夫在一起遛狗。故选B项。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们停下来休息时，史蒂夫单膝跪下。A. breath呼吸；B.balance平衡；C. attention注意力；D. imagination想象。由上文的“It was a hot day. When we paused (那是一个炎热的日子。当我们停下)”可知，那天很热，遛狗的二人停下来休息一 下，catch one’s breath (休息一下、歇一口气)。 故选A项。 【49题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也喜欢他，但这么快？A. calm冷静的；B. sure确定的；C. soon很快的；D real真正的。由上文的“The next week (第二周)”和“Was he proposing (求 婚)? (他在求婚吗)”可知，二人才认识两周，作者以为史蒂夫要向自己求婚，认为进展太快 了。故选C项。 【50题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我开始爱上他。A. By the way顺便说一句；B. In that case那样的话；C. By all means务必；D. In that moment那一刻。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里，递给我 的狗)”和下文的“I began to fall for him (我开始爱上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水给作者爱犬 喝的那一刻，还有所保留的作者卸下心防，对史蒂夫产生好感。故选D项。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们继续约会，虽然我们都没有提到未来。A. continued继续； B. decided决定；C. intended打算；D. pretended假装。由上文的“I began to fall for him (我 开始爱上他)”可知，作者对史蒂夫产生好感，可得出二人会继续约会。故选A项。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：11月下旬，Tilly的腿做了一次手术。A. eye眼睛；B. tail尾巴； C. ear耳朵；D. leg腿。由下文的“I worried that Tilly 13 climbing the stairs could reopen the wound (我担心Tilly爬楼梯会使伤口重新裂开)”可知，作者担心爬楼会影响Tilly 的伤口，可得出Tilly的腿做了手术。故选D项。 【53题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一天带狗出去四次，我担心Tilly不断地爬楼梯会使伤口重新 裂开。A. secretly秘密地；B. constantly不断地；C. eventually最终；D. unwillingly不情愿 地。由上文的“I took the dogs out four times a day (我一天带狗出去四次)”可知，作者一天 带狗出去四次，可得出狗狗（包括Tilly）要不断地爬楼梯。故选B项。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后史蒂夫离开了他的房子。A. left离开；B. sold卖；C.suggested建议，推荐；D. searched搜寻。由下文的“We made good housemates. (我们是很 好的室友)”可知，二人成为室友。可以推断出来，因为害怕作者的狗爬楼梯不方便，所以 建议作者搬过去一起住。故选C项。 【55题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都很好。A. late晚的；B. hard困难的；C. fine好的；D. free自由的。由下文的“The three dogs formed a pack (这三条狗组成了一个团队)”和“Steve and I formed a good team (史蒂夫和我组成了一个好团队)”“We made good housemates. (我们 是很好的室友)”可知，狗狗相处友好，作者和史蒂夫相处也友好，可得出一切都好。故选 C项。 【56题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flora的空间；史蒂 夫和我组成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. emptied清空；B. respected尊重；C. occupied占 据；D. discovered发现。由上文的“my dogs might attack 6 , the cat (我的狗可能会攻 击猫)”和“The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching (这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训 练下)”可知，起初作者担心自己的狗会攻击史蒂夫的猫Flora，但作者的狗和史蒂夫的狗相 处友好，可得出在训练下，狗不会去攻击猫，结合动物的领地意识可知，此处指狗尊重猫 的空间。故选B项。 【57题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这三条狗组成了一个团队，在训练下，尊重Flora的空间；史蒂 夫和我组成了一个照顾Tilly的好团队。A. looking看；B. caring照顾；C. waiting等待；D. calling打电话。由上文的“Tilly had an operation (Tilly做了一次手术)”可知，作者的狗Tilly 做过手术，史蒂夫和作者一起居住后，和作者一起照顾术后康复的Tilly。故选B项。 【58题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一年后，令我非常高兴的是，这个男人拿出一个带戒指的小盒 子向我求婚。A. delight高兴；B. credit信用；C. interest兴趣；D. disadvantage缺点。由下 文的“this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me (这个男人拿出一个带戒指 的小盒子向我求婚)”可知，史蒂夫向作者求婚，作者应该是感到高兴。故选A项。 【59题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有跪下，我也不需要他跪下。A. beg乞求；B. trust信任； C. need需要；D. aid帮助。由上文的“He did not kneel (跪) down (他没有跪下)”和常识可知，一般求婚是要下跪的，但史蒂夫没有下跪，作者对此并不在意，因为作者不需要他下跪。 故选C项。 【60题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是给爱犬喝水的举动把我们带到一起。A. toys玩具；B. awards奖励；C. food食物；D. water水。由上文的“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. 10 , I began to fall for him. (他把瓶子里的水倒在手里， 递给我的狗。我开始爱上他)”可知，就在史蒂夫把水给作者爱犬喝的那一刻，还有所保留 的作者卸下心防，对史蒂夫产生好感，所以是“给爱犬喝水”的举动让二人走到了一起。 故选D项。 6. 【2022年1月浙江卷】 When Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy-four last year, she started having problems with her 36 , notably dryness and discomfort. "I was simply 37 a terrible experience," Ms. Burdeyney said at her home in Toronto. "I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my 38 was affected." Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had 39 problems and discovered that they were largely suffering in 40 . "Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so 41 ," she said. "But more and more are suffering and lives are being 42 ." Eventually, Ms. Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research 43 at Tel Aviv University in Israel .The research team 44 Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done 45 work on eye care using stem cells. Seeing a ray of hope ,Ms.Burdeyney began raising 46 for the project with a friend, Toronto businessman Meyer Zeifman. 47 she has raised $110,000 with another $40,000 48 . "I'm trying to get more and more people to 49 that there are solutions(解决办法)," said Ms. Burdeyney, a trained nurse who is still working as a personal trainer after 50 . "I say there is no old 51 , there's only neglect(忽视). Don't stand 52 , do something about it."Ms. Burdeyney 53 that she was hoping to do more for the research project. "I just want to bring54 into people's eyes and this is just the 55 ."There is still a long way to go.” 36. A.throat B.skin C.lungs D.eyes 37. A.gettingover B.goingthrough C.holdingon D.passingdown 38. A.story B.treatment C.life D.relationship 39. A.similar B.various C.personal D.special 40. A.turn B.peace C.vain D.silence 41. A.unbearable B.abnormal C.insignificant D.disturbing 42. A.compromised B.forgotten C.substituted D.separated 43. A.course B.program C.paper D.conference 44. A.informed B.doubted C.included D.dismissed 45. A.part-time B.controversial c.voluntary D.ground-breaking 46. A.money B.standards C.awareness D.questions 47. A.Asever B.Sofar C.Inreturn D.Onceagain 48. A.wasted B.donated C.expected D.earned 49. A.imagine B.confirm C.remember D.understand 50. A.retirement B.childbirth C.graduation D.marriage 51. A.time B.rule C.age D.tale 52. A.straight B.still C.firm D.alone 53. A.commented B.learned C.reminded D.added 54. A.light B.joy C.color D.beauty 55. A.future B.beginning C.truth D.meaning 【答案】36-40:DBCAD 41-45CABCD 46-50ABCDA 51-55CBDAB 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位患有眼疾的老太太在得知自己的朋友也饱受眼疾 困扰后，为眼科研究项目募集资金，希望能够给眼疾病人带来光明的故事。 详解： 【36题解析】D 根据下文 Ms．Burdeyney learned about plans for an eye research 可知， Burdeyney 女士患的是眼部（eyes）疾病。 【37题解析】B 根据上文 Burdeyney 女士患了眼疾，主要症状为眼部干涩不适可知，她 在经历（going through）一种糟糕的体验。 【38题解析】C 患眼疾之后，Burdeyney 女士感到十分无助且缺乏安全感，这是由于眼疾影响了她的生活（life）质量。 【39题解析】A 根据下文...discovered that they were largely suffering... more and more are suffering and lives are being...可知，Burdeyney 女士应该是和一 些患有相似（similar）疾病 的朋友们交谈。 【40题解析】D 根据下文的 Nobody chooses to talk about it 可知，大部分眼疾患者都保持 沉默（silence）。 【41题解析】C 根据上句和所在句的句意可知，患者们默默地忍受病痛，不去谈论自己的 眼疾，以及后句But...推知，眼疾在人们看来是微不足道的（insignificant）疾病，其余选项 均不符合句意。 【42题解析】A But引出语意的转折，点明了患者们的生活现状，即越来越多的人遭受眼 疾困扰，生活受到影响，深陷无奈（compromised）。 【43题解析】B 根据最后一段中的 the research project 可知，这是一个眼科研究项目 (program)。 【44题解析】C 由下文内容可知，加拿大医生 Allan Slomovic是这一研究团队的一员，即 这一团队包括（included）这名医生。 【45题解析】D 根据下文的 using stem cells 和 Seeing a ray of hope 可知，AllanSlomovic 医生利用干细胞在眼保健方面做出了开创性的（ground-breaking）工作，这让Burdeyney 女士看到一线希望。 【46 题解析】A 根据下文的 she has raised ＄110,000 with another ＄40,000...可知， Burdeyney 女士为这一研究项目募集资金（money）。 【47题解析】B 根据空白处后的she has raised ＄110,000可知，此处是说到目前为止（So far），她已经募集了11万美元。 【48题解析】C Burdeyney 女士已经募集了11万美元，预计（expected）还能再募集4万 美元。 【49题解析】D Burdeyney 女士努力让越来越多的人认识到（understand）有办法解决眼疾 困扰。 【50题解析】A 文章第一段提到 Beverley Burdeyney turned seventy-four last year， 由此可 知 Burdeyney 女士已经退休（retirement）。 【51题解析】C Burdeyney 女士认为不存在老年（age）的问题，只有对眼疾的忽视。 【52题解析】B 根据空白处后的 do something about it 可知，要做点什么，不要站着不动。stand still 意为“站着不动；止步不前”，符合语境。 【53题解析】D 空白处后提到Burdeyney 女士希望自己能够为这个研究项目做出更多的贡 献，这是在她说完上一段话语后表达自己的愿望，故added符合语境。 【54题解析】A 根据空白处后的 into people＇s eyes可知，Burdeyney 女士想给人们的眼 睛带来光明（light）。 【55题解析】B 根据空白处后的 There is still a long way to go．可知，这仅仅是开始 (beginning)。 7. 【2021年6月新高考1卷】 My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory. My best friend Betsy's father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, 1 little bunny（兔子）cakes for all its 2 throughout Cleveland. It happened that the plant downtown needed eight kids for 3 help during our spring break, for which I had no 4 beyond listening to my favorite records. I'd 5 minimum wage. I'd see how a factory 6 . My parents thought all of this was a grand idea and called Betsy's dad with their 7 . Our 8 in the factory were simple: Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing （ 糖 霜 ） ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. 9 bunny from the belt. This was 10 than it sounds. 11 a bit and the cakes pile up. As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than I'd 12 . Dad 13 . The son of a grocer, he'd spent the summers of his childhood 14 food in Benardsville, New Jersey. This was the sort of work that made you 15 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me. 1. A.sold B.ordered C,made D.reserved 2. A.stores B.families C.schools D.citizens 3. A.generous B.financial C.technical D.temporary4. A.plans B.problems C.excuses D.hobbies 5. A.offer B.earn C.set D.suggest 6. A.worked B.closed C.developed D.survived 7. A.ambition B.permission C.experience D.invitation 8. A.joys B.ideas C.roles D.choices 9. A.Save B.Keep C.Stop D.Remove 10. A.harder B.better C.longer D.cheaper 11. A.Calmdown B.Slowdown C.Stayon D.Moveon 12. A.indicated B.witnessed C.expected D.remembered 13. A.cried B.smiled C.hesitated D.refused 14. A.tasting B.finding C.sharing D.delivering 15. A.withdraw B.donate C.receive D.appreciate 【答案】CADAB ABCDA BCBDD 【文章大意】本文是记叙文，文章讲述了作者第一次假期打工的经历，作者从中感悟到工 作不易，要尊重那些辛苦工作的人。 【解析】 【1 题解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是Hough Bakeries的经 理，在复活节期间，为其遍布Cleveland的商店制作小兔子蛋糕。根据后文可知作者在工厂 里做蛋糕。故选C。 【2 题解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最好的朋友Betsy的父亲是Hough Bakeries的经 理，在复活节期间，为其遍布Cleveland的商店制作小兔子蛋糕。分析题目可知，此处是指 同一品牌旗下的商店。故选A。 【3 题解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们春假期间，市中心的工厂碰巧需要八个孩 子临时帮忙。分析题目可知，工厂需要临时工。故选D。 【4 题解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了听我最喜欢的唱片，我对春假没有别的计划。 分析题目可知，这句话里的which指的是春假，作者对此没有别的计划，故选A。 【5 题解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会挣最低工资。分析题目可知，作者要去工厂 做工挣钱。故选B。 【6 题解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会看到工厂是如何运作的。分析题目可知，此 处是指作者通过去工厂做工而观察到工厂如何运作。故选A。 【7 题解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母认为这一切都是一个伟大的想法，并打电话给Betsy的父亲，得到他们的允许。分析题目可知，给Betsy的父亲打电话是为了得到 许可。故选B。 【8 题解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在工厂的职责很简单。分析题目可知，此处 是指作者在工厂里的职责。故选C。 【9 题解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：把兔子从传送带上拿下来。根据前文Place cakes on a moving belt，然后加上有糖霜的耳朵、眼睛和鼻子，这里应该是指把兔子拿下来。故 选D。 【10 题解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这比听起来要难。分析题目可知，作者的工作 听起来很简单，但实际很困难。故选A。 【11 题解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：稍微慢一点，蛋糕就堆积如山。分析题目可知， 这里指的是如果做工时手脚不够快，蛋糕就会堆起来。故选B。 【12 题解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一切都比我之前预想的要有压力。分析题目可知， 作者之前没料到工作会压力这么大。故选C。 【13 题解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸笑了。分析题目可知，作者的父亲听到作者 抱怨工作压力，联想到自己童年的经历，觉得很正常，所以笑了起来。故选B。 【14 题解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个杂货商的儿子，他童年的夏天都在 Bernardswille送外卖。分析题目可知，作者的父亲应该是在递送食物，其他选项不符。故 选D。 【15 题解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，这种工作能让你对自己挣的钱心存感 激，并尊重那些从事这项工作的人。分析题目可知，作者的父亲认为工作能让你认识到挣 钱的价值，心怀感恩。故选D。 8. 【2021年6月全国甲卷】 It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada. Burchill was 1 at the hotel on business and planning to 2 some friends in the area. They had asked him to 3 some pepperoni（辣香肠） from back east. So he 4 a suitcase full of pepperoni. As he was 5 that it would be too warm,he 6 it out on the table near an open window. He thought his pepperoni was 7 and well chilled（冷却） and he 8 . That's when things went 9 Eyy temenier walking down the long 10 and opening the door to my room to find an entire flock of seagulls, " Burchill said in a recent letter of 11 to the 4-star hotel.“The seagulls immediately went 12 They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to 13 at the same time, and pepperoni—everywhere. The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down, It was a real 14 ." Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion（莽 撞）. “I have 15 and I admit responsibility for my 16 , " he said in the letter. “I come to you, 17 , to apologize for the damage I had 18 caused and to ask you to 19 my lifetime ban from the hotel." His letter 20 . Banned from the hotel since 2001, Burchill is now welcome to come back, the Fairmont said. 1.A.studying B.staying C.looking D.packing 2.A.visit B.help C.follow D.make 3.A.sell B.have C.bring D.taste 4.A.filled B.locked C.abandoned D.lost 5.A.surprised B.pleased C.excited D.worried 6.A.dug B.cleared C.cut D.laid 7.A.delicious B.safe C.soft D.ready 8.A.left B.nodded C.waited D.regretted 9.A.far B.funny C.wrong D.blind 10.A.beach B.driveway C.hall D.table 11.A.application B.apology C.request D.invitation 12.A.hungry B.dead C.missing D.wild 13.A.wake up B.get out C.take off D.break in 14.A.mess B.puzzle C.fight D.challenge 15.A.recovered B.retired C.escaped D.matured16.A.suffering B.plans C.madness D.actions 17.A.hands in pockets B.nose in the air C.hat in hand D.feet on the ground 18.A.indirectly B.deliberately C.cautiously D.secretly 19.A.replace B.remember C.reconsider D.renew 20.A.arrived B.worked C.ended D.disappeared 【答案】DACAD DBACC BDBAD DCACB 【文章大意】本文是记叙文，文章讲述了主人公酒店出差住店时的一次不愉快经历。主人 公住酒店时，拿出来的香肠吸引了鸽子，而让宾馆收到损失。最后事情得到了圆满解决， 主人公又再次成为宾馆的座上宾，宾馆也欢迎他随时回来。 【1题解析】考查动词。根据下文 "a suitcase full of pepperoni" 和 "he 26 it out on the table near an open window" 可知，Burchill装了满满一箱子的腊肠，因为担心太热，温度过 高，他把香肠放到窗户的桌子上，一遍香肠可以冷却。由此可以推断他当时正在酒店收拾 行李。A. studying 学习，研究B. staying待着C. looking看 D. packing打包，故选D。 【2 题解析】考查动词。根据下文 "They had asked him to 23 some pepperoni（辣香肠） from back east." 可知他的朋友叫他带点香肠给他们，所以这里应该是他去拜访朋友或者看 望朋友。A. visit拜访B. help 帮助C. follow追随 D. make 交朋友。故选A。 【3 题解析】考查动词。根据上文，they 只带朋友，所以这里应该是让他带一些香肠过去。 A. sell卖 B. have 拥有C. bring 带来D. taste 品尝。故选C。 【4 题解析】考查动词。前面是bring在根据上文，Burchill正在打包，所以这里应该是把 箱子填满了香肠。A. filled 填满 B. locked 锁上C. abandoned 放弃D. lost丢失。故选 A。 【5 题解析】考查形容词、副词。根据本句 "too warm" 所以这里应该是Burchill担心太热。 A. surprised 吃惊的 B. pleased 高兴的 C. excited 兴奋的 D. worried担忧的。 故选D。 【6 题解析】考查动词。根据后问 "out on" 应该是他把香肠拿出来放到桌子上。A. dug 挖 B. cleared 清理 C. cut 剪断，切 D. laid放置。故选D。 【7 题解析】考查形容词、副词。他认为他的香肠会_____, 会冷却，所以他_____.这里应 该是他觉得放在桌子上没问题，所以他离开了。A. delicious 美味的 B. safe 安全 的 C. soft柔软的 D. ready准备好的。故选B。【8 题解析】考查动词。他认为他的香肠会_____, 会冷却，所以他_____.这里应该是他觉 得放在桌子上没问题，所以他离开了。A. left 离开 B. nodded 点头 C. waited 等待 D. regretted 后悔。故选A。 【9 题解析】考查形容词、副词。这里根据文章的首段，加拿大维多利亚州费尔蒙特皇后 酒店(Fairmont Empress Hotel)的尼克•伯奇尔(Nick Burchill)被列入黑名单，至少部分罪魁祸 首应该是海边的鸟儿。这里go wrong表示发生了意外。A. go far 成功，扬名 B. go funny 变得可笑 C. go wrong出错，出毛病 D.go blind 失明。故选C。 【10 题解析】考查名词。根据 "walking down the long 30__ and opening the door " 可以 猜测这里应该是回了酒店，所以只能是走过长长的酒店的走廊。A. beach 海滩 B. driveway 车道 C. hall 走廊（熟词生义）D. table 桌子。故选C。 【11 题解析】考查名词。根据下文 "I come to you, 37 , to apologize for the damage I had " 可以得知，这里应该是道歉。A. application 申请 B. apology 道歉 C. request 请 求 D. invitation 邀请。故选B。 【12 题解析】考查形容词、副词。根据下文 "They rushed to the window, 30 or 40 birds all trying to 33 at the same time, and pepperoni—everywhere." 可知，海鸥应该是着急出去。 A. go hungry 饥饿的 B. go dead 死的；不起作用的 C. go missing 迷失 的 D. go wild 疯狂的。故选D。 【13 题解析】考查短语。这里应该是海鸥应该是着急出去。A. wake up 唤醒 B. get out 出去 C. take off 脱下；起飞 D. break in 闯入。故选B。 【14 题解析】考查名词。根据前面 "The curtains were falling down, the lamps were falling down" 可知，此时的状况应该是一团糟。A. mess 乱糟糟 B. puzzle 谜 团 C. fight 斗争 D. challenge 挑战。故选A。 【15 题解析】考查动词。空格后面我承认我对此事有责任，根据上文 "Older and wiser now, Burchill chalked up the incident to youthful indiscretion伯奇尔年纪大了，也更聪明了， 他把这件事归咎于年轻人的轻率行为" 和下文 "to apologize for the damage" 可以推测此时 我应该是成熟了，长大了。A. recovered 恢复 B. retired 退休 C. escaped 逃 跑 D. matured 成熟。故选D。 【16 题解析】考查名词。同上，应该是为我的行为感到道歉。A. suffering 遭 受 B. plans 计划 C. madness 疯狂 D. actions 行 动。故选D。【17 题解析】考查短语。根据后文，为了道歉， 那么应该是毕恭毕敬的道歉。A. hands in pockets 两手抄兜B. nose in the air 目中无人 C. hat in hand 毕恭毕敬 地 D. feet on the ground 脚踏实地。故选C。 【18 题解析】考查形容词、副词。根据 "had caused" 在根据前文他的过失，所以很容易 得知这里应该是无心之举。A. indirectly 间接地 B. deliberately 故意地 C. cautiously 小心谨慎地 D. secretly 秘密地。故选A。 【19 题解析】考查动词。根据 "my lifetime ban from the hotel" 应该是请求移除对我的黑 明显限制。 A. replace 代替B. remember 记得 C. reconsider 重新考虑 D. renew 更新。故选C。 【20 题解析】考查动词。根据后文 "Burchill is now welcome to come back" 可知他现在已 经不在黑名单中了，所以他的道歉是起了作用的。 A. arrived 到达B. worked 工 作 C. ended 以……结束 D. disappeared 消失。故选B。 9. 【2021年6月全国乙卷】 Simply saying thank you doesn't seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a 1 just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different 2 of gratitude （感谢）. My thoughts were soon 3 . We had a woman patient who was 4 from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon, while 5 to get into bed she collapsed （倒下）from what was 6 discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous, 7 the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered, though 8 , and was ready for discharge （出院） after four weeks. She was 9 for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge, we shared in her 10 at her recovery. As she was 11 she was eager to say 12 to each of us in the nursing team. When she 13 one nurse, she tried to press a five-pound note into her hand. My colleague 14 to accept it, saying that we were all just 15 our job. The patientlooked puzzled, and then 16 : "Oh this isn't for the 17 I had. I take that as a 18 . No, this is for setting my hair yesterday." And there you have it. To many people, 19 lives is part of the job but styling hair is an 20 and should be rewarded. 1. A. cleaner B. chemist C. nurse D. doctor 2. A. grades B. meanings C. needs D. expectations 3. A. brushed aside B. put to the test C. brought under discussion D. taken into account 4. A. departing B. escaping C. retiring D. recovering 5. A. attempting B. choosing C. pausing D. promising 6. A. eventually B. fortunately C. casually D. secretly 7. A. assessing B. requiring C. forming D. proving 8. A. slightly B. accidentally C. slowly D. happily 9. A. grateful B. thoughtful C. sorrowful D. fearful 10. A. surprise B. delight C. curiosity D. disappointment 11. A. operating B. thinking C. hesitating D. leaving 12. A. sorry B. hello C. goodbye D. yes 13. A. reached B. consulted C. introduced D. persuaded 14. A. wished B. pretended C. failed D. refused 15. A. enjoying B. doing C. securing D. starting 16. A. repeated B. recited C. replied D. reported 17. A. courage B. patience C. duty D. care 18. A. goal B. given C. push D. greeting 19. A. risking B. changing C. saving D. building 20. A. honour B. ability C. opening D. extra 【答案】CABDA ABCAB DCADB CDBCD 【文章大意】本文是记叙文，文章讲述了作者是一名刚工作的护士，开始以为表达感谢很 简单，但一位病人病愈后的举动却让作者对表达感谢又有了更深一层的理解。 【解析】1 ：考查名词辨析。句意：就在几周前当护士的时候，我在考虑这个问题。根据后文to each of us in the nursing team可知，作者是一名护士。A. cleaner清洁工；B. chemist 化学家；C. nurse护士；D. doctor医生。故选C。 2 ：考查名词辨析。句意：然后我突然想到，如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激的词语， 那该有多好。分析题目可知，作者是要表达感激的不同程度。A. grades等级，制度；B. meanings意思；C. needs需要；D. expectations预期，期待。故选A。 3 ：考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的想法很快就得到了验证。分析题目可知，下文是作者 的理论得到验证的过程。故选B。 4 ：考查动词辨析。句意：我们有一个女病人正从膝关节置换手术中恢复。根据下文But she recovered 可知，病人正在恢复。A. depart 出发；B. escape 逃脱；C. retire 退休；D. recover恢复。故选D。 5 ：考查动词辨析。句意：一天下午，她试图上床睡觉时倒下了，最后被证实是心脏病发 作。分析题目可知，病人当时正试图上床睡觉。A. attempt尝试；B. choose选择；C. pause 停顿；D. promise许诺。故选A。 6 ：考查副词辨析。句意：一天下午，她试图上床睡觉时倒下了，最后被证实是心脏病发 作。分析题目可知，心脏病发作是后来确诊的。A. eventually最终地；B. fortunately幸运地； C. casually随意地；D. secretly秘密地。故选A。 7 ：考查动词辨析。句意：这次倒下是灾难性的，需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。分 析题目可知，病人当时需要医疗护理。A. assess评估，评定；B. require需要；C. form形成； D. prove证实。故选B。 8 ：考查副词辨析。句意：虽然恢复缓慢，但四周后她就可以出院了。分析题目可知，病 人恢复比较慢。A. slightly稍微；B. accidentally意外地；C. slowly慢地；D. happily高兴地。 故选C。 9 ：考查形容词辨析。句意：她很感激医疗和护理团队为她所做的一切。分析题目可知， 病人当时应该是一种感恩的心情。A. grateful感激的；B. thoughtful深思的；C. sorrowful悲 伤的；D. fearful害怕的。故选A。 10 ：考查名词辨析。句意：在她出院的那天，我们分享了她康复的喜悦。分析题目可知， 病人康复出院是一件喜悦的事情。A. surprise惊讶；B. delight高兴；C. curiosity好奇；D. disappointment失望。故选B。 11 ：考查动词辨析。句意：当她要离开的时候，她急切地想和我们护理小组的每个人说再 见。分析题目可知，病人要出院离开了。A. operate运转，操作；B. think思考；C. hesitate犹豫；D. leave离开。故选D。 12 ：考查名词辨析。句意：当她要离开的时候，她急切地想和我们护理小组的每个人说再 见。分析题目可知，病人要跟护理小组告别。A. sorry对不起；B. hello你好；C. goodbye 再见；D. yes是的。故选C。 13 ：考查动词辨析。句意：当她走到一个护士跟前时，她试图把一张五英镑的钞票塞到她 手里。分析题目可知，病人是走到护士跟前。A. reach到达；B. consult咨询；C. introduc介 绍；D. persuade说服，劝说。故选A。 14 ：考查动词辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是在做自己的工作。分析题目可 知，我的同事应该是拒绝接受病人的钱。A. wish祝愿；B. pretend假装；C. fail失败；D. refuse拒绝。故选D。 15 ：考查动词辨析。句意：我的同事拒绝接受，说我们只是在做自己的工作。分析题目可 知，此处是指护士们只是做了自己的本职工作。A. enjoy喜爱；B. do做；C. secure获得； D. start开始。故选B。 16 ：考查动词辨析。句意：病人看起来很困惑，然后回答说。分析题目可知，病人是在回 应护士的拒绝。A. repeat重复；B. recite背诵；C. reply回答；D. report报道。故选C。 17 ：考查名词辨析。句意：这不是为了我受到的照顾。分析题目可知，护士们之前应该是 照顾该病人。A. courage信心；B. patience耐心；C. duty责任心；D. care关心。故选D。 18 ：考查名词辨析。句意：我认为这是理所当然的。分析题目可知，病人认为护士们照顾 她是理所当然的。A. goal目标；B. give给予；C. push推；D. greet问候。故选B。 19 ：考查动词辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但做发型是一项额 外的工作，应该得到奖励。分析题目可知，这里是指拯救病人的生命。A. risk冒……的风 险；B. change改变；C. save拯救；D. build建设。故选C。 20 ：考查名词辨析。句意：对许多人来说，拯救生命是工作的一部分，但做发型是一项额 外的工作，应该得到奖励。分析题目可知，这里是指做发型不属于护士的本职工作，是额 外的。A. honour荣誉；B. ability能力；C. opening开始，开端；D. extra额外的。故选D。10. 【2021年6月浙江卷】 My mother is 92. Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her 1 and visit the doctor, providing 2 and transportation. During the week, however, she likes to go to a nearby store to 3 some small things she needs. Last week she walked up to the store, but when she went to pay for her groceries, she was 4 about three dollars. The only 5 to pay for the groceries was to take off the 6 she could do without: a bottle of nubbing alcohol（医用酒精）and a bar of soap. By taking off these, she was able to 7 the new total to the amount of cash she had with her. At this store, people 8 and then go off to the side to 9 their own groceries. My mother was putting her groceries into shopping bags when a 10 came up her and said. "Here are the things that you 11 , " handing her the rubbing alcohol and the 12 . My mother, who is never speechless, was speechless. She 13 for the woman's name and address so that she could 14 her. The woman told her it was her 15 . My mothet was so 16 by her gesture that she decided to go back to the store and give the cashier（收银员）a five-dollar bill to keep on hand 17 the same happened to someone else if they didn't have enough 18 for all of their groceries. So, whoever you are, thank you for the random act of 19 that not only helped my mother out, but 20 too. 1.A.exercise B.housework C.cooking D.shopping 2.A.reward B.medicine C.company D.shelter 3.A.return B.collect C.order D.buy 4.A.short B.cautious C.wrong D.concerned 5.A.aim B.way C.advice D.reason 6.A.weight B.things C.mask D.glasses 7.A.raise B.add C.bring D.switch8.A.show up B.call in C.check out D.sit down 9.A.store B.select C.deliver D.bag 10.A.stranger B.cashier C.friend D.doctor 11.A.looked for B.talked about C.threw away D.put back 12.A.receipt B.soap C.cash D.bottle 13.A.asked B.waited C.cared D.searched 14.A.repay B.trust C.recognize D.help 15.A.luck B.chance C.gift D.turn 16.A.surprised B.amused C.touched D.convinced 17.A.in case B.even if C.as though D.so that 18.A.energy B.money C.space D.time 19.A.faith B.courage C.kindness D.honor 20.A.made her day B.changed her mind C.caught her eye D.met her demand 【答案】DCDAB BCCDA DBAAC CABCA 【文章大意】本文是一篇温情小故事：“我”的母亲在商店买东西结账时，随身带的钱不 够， 一位陌生女士善意帮忙，母亲决心把这份爱心传递了下去。 1：考查名词辨析。A. exercise 运动； B. housework 家务； C. cooking烹饪； D. shopping购物。根据下一句 "但是在周中，她喜欢去附近的商店买一些她需要的小东西" 可知，我带母亲去购物（规律性的较大型采买）和看医生，故选D。 2：考查名词辨析。A. reward报酬； B. medicine药品； C. company陪伴； D. shelter庇护， 避难所。根据句意可知我带母亲是去购物和看医生，因此我提供的只能是陪伴和交通。易 错项：注意providing作为伴随状语，其主语为句子主语I，而非doctor。故选C。 3：考查动词辨析。A. return返回； B. collect收集； C. order命令，下单； D. buy购买。 根据句意 "但是在周中，她喜欢去附近的商店买一些她需要的小东西" 可知是 "购买"，故 选D。 4：考查形容词辨析。A. short短的，不足的，缺乏的； B. cautious谨慎小心的； C. wrong 错的； D. concerned担心的，关心的。根据句意和下文可知母亲在购物结账时（when she went to pay…），发现差三元钱，short表示 "不足，缺少的"，故选A。5：考查名词辨析。A. aim目标； B. way方式； C. advice建议； D. reason理由。根据句 意 "支付这些货品唯一的方式是拿掉一些可以不买的东西" 可知是pay的方式，故选B。 6：考查名词辨析。A. weight重量；B. things东西；C. mask面具，口罩；D. glasses眼镜， 玻璃杯。根据句意 "支付这些货品唯一的方式是拿掉一些可以不买的东西" 可知此处是去 掉一些 "东西"，故选B。 7：考查动词辨析。A. raise提高，筹集；养育；B. add添加；C. bring带来；使处于某种情 况；把……移到；D. switch改变；转换。根据句意 "…她能让新的总额到达她随身携带的 现金额" 可知是 "使total到达一个值"，故选C。 8：考查动词词组辨析。A. show up出现，露面；B. call in召来，拜访；C. check out结账离 开；D. sit down坐下。根据句意 "人们结账后然后离开到一边去装包自己的物品" 可知是 "结账"，故选C。 9：考查动词辨析。A. store储存；B. select选择；C. deliver递送；D. bag把……装入袋中。 根据句意 "人们结账后然后离开到一边去装包自己的物品" 可知是把买来的东西装袋，故 选D。 10：考查名词辨析。A. stranger陌生人；B. cashier收银员；C. friend朋友；D. doctor医生。 根据下文（13空所在的句子）可知母亲问这位女士的姓名和地址，好去还钱；证明母亲不 认识这位女士，因此选择陌生人，故选A。 11：考查动词词组辨析。A. looked for寻找；B. talked about谈论；C. threw away扔掉；D. put back放回。根据句意 "这是你……的东西"，递给母亲的正是她刚刚去掉（即放回商 店）的医用酒精和肥皂，可知是填 "放回去" ，故选D。 12：考查名词辨析。A. receipt收据；B. soap肥皂；C. cash现金；D. bottle瓶子。根据句意 "递给母亲的正是医用酒精和……" 并结合上文可知，正是6空所在句子中提到的酒精和肥 皂，故选B。 13：考查动词辨析。A. asked问；B. waited等待；C. cared关心，在意；D. searched寻找。 根据句意 "她问这位女士的姓名和地址，好来还钱" 可知是询问，故选A。 14：考查动词辨析。A. repay 归还，偿还；B. trust 信任；C. recognize 认出；D. help 帮助。 根据句意可知母亲询问女士的姓名地址以便把钱归还给她。故选A。 15：考查名词辨析。A. luck 运气；B. chance 机会，可能性；C. gift 礼物；D. turn （轮流 的）机会。根据上下文可知，母亲想要把钱会给她，但是她拒绝了，因此此处意为：这是 送你的（礼物）。故选C。16：考查形容词辨析。A. surprised 惊讶的；B. amused 逗乐的；C. touched 感动的；D. convinced 坚信的。空格后的her gesture指的是上文陌生人的好心帮助，由此可知母亲的情 感为 "感动的"。故选C。 17：考查连词辨析。A. in case 万一；B. even if 即使；C. as though 好像；D. so that 以至 于。根据句意：母亲决定给收银员5美元，万一别人也遇到同样的事情，也就是上文母亲 遇到的买东西时钱不够的情况。故选A。 18：考查名词辨析。A. energy 能量；B. money 金钱；C. space 空间；D. time 时间。根据 句意：没有足够的钱买下所有的东西。故选B。 19：考查名词辨析。A. faith 信念；B. courage 勇气；C. kindness 善良；D. honor 荣耀。 根据上文这位陌生人对母亲的帮助可知此处为 "感谢你的善良举动"。故选C。 20：考查词组辨析。A. made her day 使她心情愉悦； B. changed her mind 改变她的想法； C. caught her eye 吸引她的眼球；D. met her demand 满足她的要求。根据句意可知陌生人 的善意不仅帮助了我们母亲，同时也使她心情愉悦。故选A。 11. 【2021.3天津】 For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got 1 when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his 2 took a turn. After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy 3 . For Pruitt, a keen bicyclist, the first thing to do was 4 his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping, he found few available, which got him thinking: What if the 5 of bikes was Covid-19 related, and what if the person who'd taken his bike really needed 6 to get to work? With that thought in mind, Pruitt 7 a plan and posted it on the community website. He 8 to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for unwanted bikes, which he would repair-again 9 . And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn't have the 10 to buy one. The day the post went live, Pruitt received thirty 11 bicycles. Then came more than 500 12 for detailed information. By the end of 2020, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 fordonation or to be 13 to their owners. Pruitt tries to give his donations to families that are 14 struggling. 15 simply satisfying a material need, he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes. In addition to 16 skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community. 17 , the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment. "It's a really great 18 for kids," said a neighbor in an interview with the local newspaper. "Pruitt is certainly providing a 19 , but it's not just the bikes. It's the relationships in the community. It's the 20 that he can make on people." 1.A.amazed B.mad C.curious D.frightened 2.A.emotions B.career C.opinions D.route 3.A.ever B.together C.instead D.yet 4.A.ride B.lock C.repair D.replace 5.A.lack B.variety C.increase D.quality 6.A.instruction B.qualification C.transportation D.permission 7.A.came up with B.stuck to C.gave up D.broke away from 8.A.remembered B.refused C.hesitated D.offered 9.A.by accident B.in advance C.for free D.on credit 10.A.profit B.budget C.courage D.excuse 11.A.shared B.used C.expensive D.modern 12.A.enquiries B.advertisements C.notices D.announcements 13.A.exported B.sold C.lent D.returned 14.A.hardly B.slightly C.truly D.instantly 15.A.Without B.Beyond C.Upon D.Among 16.A.practical B.commercial C.mathematical D.social 17.A.Otherwise B.However C.Somehow D.Meanwhile 18.A.promise B.celebration C.comfort D.experience 19.A.competition B.service C.ceremony D.suggestion 20.A.compromise B.impression C.impact D.progress 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了 Robbie Pruitt在自己的自行车被偷后，想出了 给人免费修车的计划。他把这一计划发布到了网上，主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。他还想要一些没人要的自行车，他愿意再免费修理一次。然后他会把它们捐给那些真 正需要它们但没有预算买的人。他还教授邻居的孩子们免费修车，得到了邻居的赞赏。 【解析】 1 ：B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Robbie Pruitt承认，去年9月发现他的山地车被盗时，他很生 气。A. amazed惊讶的；B. mad生气的；C.curicus好奇的；D. frightened害怕的。根据第一 段最后一句 "After letting go of his anger and frustration" 可知，发现车被偷，Robbie Pruitt 当时很生气。故选B。 2 ：A 考查名词词义辨析。句意∶但很快，他的情绪发生了变化。A. emotions情绪；B. career事 业；C. opinions观点；D. route路线。结合后文"After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy"可知，Robbie Pruitt从生气沮丧变成了同情，情绪发生 了变化。故选A。 3 ：C 考查副词词义辨析。句意∶在放下愤怒和沮丧之后，他发现自己走上了同情之路。A. ever 曾经；B.together一起；C. instead相反；D. yet然而。结合上文 "he found himself on a road to sympathy" 可知，发现自己的车被偷，Robbie Pruitt放下愤怒和沮丧，反而走上了同情他 人的道路。故选C。 4 ：D 考查动词词义辨析。句意∶对于热衷于骑自行车的Pruitt来说，第一件要做的事就是取代 他被偷的自行车。A. ride骑车；B. lock锁上；C. repair修理；D. replace取代。根据后文 "his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping" 可知，车被偷，Pruitt要买车来取代被偷的 自行车。故选D。 5 ：A 考查名词词义辨析。句意∶但当他去买自行车时，发现几乎没有自行车，这让他想到∶如 果缺少自行车与Covid-19有关，如果骑他自行车的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. lack 缺乏；B. variety多样；C. increase增加；D. quality质量。根据上文 "he found few available" 可知，商店里也缺少自行车。故选A。 6 ： C 考查名词词义辨析。句意∶但当他去买自行车时，发现几乎没有自行车，这让他想到∶如果缺少自行车与Covid-19有关，如果骑他自行车的人真的需要交通工具去上班呢？A. instruction指令；B. qualification资格；C. transportation运输工具；D. permission允许。根 据前后文可知，Pruitt猜测偷自己自行车的人是因为确实需要交通工具去上班。故选C。 7 ：A 考查动词短语辨析。句意︰带着这个想法，Pruitt想出了一个计划，并把它发布在了社区网 站上。A. come up with提出；B. stick to坚持；C. give up放弃；D. break away from突然逃 跑。根据后文 "a plan and posted it on the community website" 指想出了一个计划，come up with符合语境。故选A。 8 ：D 考查动词词义辨析。句意∶他主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。A. remember记得； B. refuse 拒绝；C. hesitate 犹豫；D. offer提议。结合后文 " to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it." 指Pruitt提议为他人免费修车，offer to dosth."主动提出做某事”。故 选D。 9 ：C 考查固定短语辨析。句意：他还想要一些没人要的自行车，他愿意再免费修理一次。A. by accident偶然；B. in advance提前；C. for free免费；D. on credit赊账。呼应上文"fix bikes free of charge"他的修车都是免费的。故选C。 10 ：B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们但没有预算买的人。A. profit利润；B. budget预算；C. courage勇气；D. excuse借口。根据前后文可知，Pruitt捐 车的对象是那些需要车但是预算不够，买不起的人，but表示转折，说明预算紧张。故选 B。 11 ： B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一帖子发布当天，Pruitt收到了30辆二手自行车。A. shared共享的；B. used二手的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. modern现代的。根据上文 "He also asked for unwanted bikes," 可知，Pruitt也回收不想要的二手车，所以在帖子发布当天 收到了30辆二手自行车。故选B。 12 ：A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后就来了500多个询问详细信息的询问。A. enquiry询问；B. advertisement 广告；C. notice 通知；D. announcement 公告。根据后文"for detailedinformation"可知，此处指询问详细信息的询问。故选A。 13 ：D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到2020年底，Pruitt已经修复了140多件自行车，这些自行车 要么捐赠，要么返还原主。A. export出口；B. sell出售；C. lend借给；D. return返回、返 还。结合后文'to their owners"指修好的车返还给主人，return符合语境。故选D。 14 ：C 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Pruitt试图把他的捐赠捐给那些真正生活困难挣扎的家庭。A. hardly几乎不；B. slightly轻微地；C. truly真实地；D. instantly立即。此处呼应上文"folks who could truly use them"指Pruitt的捐赠都是给那些真正生活有困难的家庭的。故选C。 15 ：C 考查介词词义辨析。句意：在仅仅满足物质需求的基础上，他为邻居的孩子们提供了一个 学习如何修理自行车的机会。A. Without除了；B. Beyond越过；C. Upon在……上；D. Among在.……中间。结合后文"simply satisfying a materia need"表示"在仅仅满足物质需求 的基础上"可知，应用介词upon。故选C。 16 ： A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意︰除了实用技能，Pruitt的课程还教授团队合作，鼓励自我价值， 促进社区感觉。A. practical实际的；B. commercial商业的；C. mathematical数学的；D. social社会的。根据上文"he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes."可知，Pruitt为邻居的孩子们提供了一个学习如何修理自行车的 机会，即教授他们实用技能。故选A。 17 ：D 考查副词词义辨析。句意：同时，孩子们也有了一种成就感。A. Otherwise 否则；B. However然而；C. Somehow不知怎么；D. Meanwhile同时。根据前后文语境可知，孩子们 通过参加Pruitt的课程，学到了实用技能，同时还有了一种成就感，Meanwhile符合语境。 故选D。 18 ：D 考查名词词义辨析。句意∶一位邻居在接受当地报纸采访时说∶"对孩子们来说，这真是一 次很棒的经历。"A. promise承诺；B.celebration庆祝；C. comfort安慰；D. experience经历。 根据语境，参与Pruitt的课程对孩子们来说，是一次经历。故选D。 19 ：B考查名词词义辨析。句意∶Pruitt当然会提供服务，但不仅仅是自行车。A. competition比 赛；B. service服务；C. ceremony典礼；D. suggestion建议。结合上文可知，Pruitt为人们 免费修车，还为社区的孩子教授如何修车，所以他提供的是服务。故选B。 20 ：C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：而是他能对人们产生的影响。A. compromise 妥协；B. impression印象；C. impact影响； D. progress进步。根据后文"he can make on people"可知 为短语make impact on"对.……产生影响"。故选C。 2020年高考真题 12. 【2020·全国卷II】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。 It was just after sunrise on a June morning. “Nicolo,” whose real name cannot be 41 to the public because of Italy’s privacy laws, 42 working the whole night at a factory in Turin. As he often did, he stopped by the “after work auction(拍卖)” 43 by the Italian police where things 44 on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. There, among many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would look 45 above his dining room table. Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32. When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily, he 47 the paintings with him. He hung them above the same table he had 48 from Turin. His son, age 15, who had 49 an art appreciation class, thought that there was something 50 about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed(签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought, but when he 51 it, he only found “Bonnard,” a French 52 he had never heard of. He bought a book and was 53 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same 54 as his father’s painting. “That’s the garden in our picture,”Nicolo’s son told his father. They 55 learned that the painting they 56 was called “The Girl with Two Chairs.” They 57 the other painting and learned that it was 58 Paul Gauguin’s “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with aSmall Dog.” The 59 called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were 60 and worth as much as $50 million. 41．A．attached B．allocated C．exposed D．submitted 42．A．finished B．delayed C．considered D．tried 43．A．attended B．reserved C．cancelled D．run 44．A．shown B．found C．kept D．hidden 45．A．nice B．familiar C．useful D．real 46．A．battled B．debated C．discussed D．bargain 47．A．held B．left C．registered D．brought 48．A．chosen B．received C．ordered D．moved 49．A．missed B．failed C．taken D．led 50．A．concrete B．unusual C．unappealing D．natual 51．A．appreciated B．touched C．researched D．witnessed 52．A．painter B．designer C．author D．actor 53．A．expected B．surprised C．anxious D．ready 54．A．room B．kitchen C．hall D．garden 55．A．apparently B．confidently C．eventually D．temporarily 56．A．owned B．borrowed C．sold D．stole 57．A．collected B．cleaned C．framed D．studied 58．A．suitably B．actually C．rightly D．specifically 59．A．girl B．artist C．family D．police 60．A．copies B．originals C．models D．presents 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个名叫 Nicolo的人在拍卖会上以低 价购得两幅画。后来他学艺术欣赏的儿子经过研究发现这两副画可能来自著名画家，他们 打电话给意大利文化部，那儿的官员证实这两幅画都是画家的真迹，价值至少5000万美元。 41．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo完成了一整夜在Turin一家工厂的工作，他的真实名字因 意大利的隐私法不能暴露给公众。A. attached参加；B. allocated分配；C. exposed暴露；D. submitted上交。根据下文的because of Italy's privacy可知此处用be exposed to“暴露”符合 语境，故选C项。 42．A考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo完成了一整夜在Turin一家工厂的工作，他的真实名字因 为意大利的隐私法不能暴露给警方。A. finished完成；B. delayed推迟；C. considered考虑； D. tried尝试。根据上文的It was just after sunrise on a June morning可推测Nicolo刚在工厂 里上完了夜班，即完成了一整夜的工作，故选A项。 43．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，他顺便去了“下班后拍卖”，这个拍卖会是由意 大利警方进行的，在火车上发现的东西卖给出价最高的竞标人。A. attended参加；B. reserved保护；C. cancelled取消；D. run进行。结合常识可知，拍卖会上需要有警察来维持 秩序，进行拍卖，故选D项。 44．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样，他顺便去了“下班后拍卖”，这个拍卖会是由意 大利警察管理的，在火车上发现的东西卖给出价最高的竞标人。A. shown展示；B. found 发现；C. kept保存；D. hidden隐藏。根据句意可知，此处是指拍卖的东西都是从一列火车 上发现的，故选B项。 45．A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，很多其它东西中，Nicolo看到了两幅画，他觉得它 们看起来挂在自己的餐桌上方会很漂亮。A. nice漂亮的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. useful有用 的； D. real真的。根据下文的Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for 32$可推测Nicolo认为这两幅画挂在自己的餐桌前会很漂亮，所以才会出高价 买，故选A项。 46．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nicolo和另外一个竞标人竞争，直到Nicolo最终以32美元的价 格赢得了这两幅画。A. battled竞争；B. debated辩论；C. discussed 讨论；D. bargained讨价 还价。根据上文的were sold to the highest bidder可知此处用“竞争”符合语境，故选A项。 47．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Nicolo退休去Sicily居住时，他带上了这两幅画。A. held拿 着；B. left离开，留下；C. registered注册；D. brought带来。根据下文的he hung them above the same table可知，Nicolo搬家时带上了这两幅画，故选D项。 48．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把它们挂在同一张桌子的上面，这张桌子是他从Turin搬来的。A. chosen选择；B. received收到；C. ordered 命令；D. moved搬。根据上文的the same table可知，Nicolo搬家时也把桌子搬来了，故选D项。 49．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他15岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课，他认为那幅有一个年轻女 孩坐在花园椅子上的画是不寻常的。A. missed错过；B. failed失败；C. taken拿；D. led导 致。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语take classes“上课”，故选C项。 50．B 考查形容词词义辨析，句意：句意：他15岁的儿子在上一门艺术欣赏课，他认为那副有一 个年轻女孩坐在花园椅子上的画是不寻常的。A. concrete具体的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. unappealing不吸引人的；D. natural自然的。根据下文的it was signed ''Bonnato'' or he thought可知，儿子认为这幅画可能是一个著名画家的画，故觉得它有些不同寻常，故选B 项。 51．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：画上署名Bonnato或者他认为是这样，但当他仔细研究它时， 他只发现了“Bonnard”，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。A. appreciated欣赏；B. touched触 摸；C. researched研究；D. witnessed目睹。根据下文的he only found ''Bonnard''可推测儿子 仔细研究了画，故选C项。 52．A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：画上署名Bonnato或者他认为是这样，但当他仔细研究它时， 他只发现了Bonnard，一个他从未听说过的法国画家。A. painter画家；B. designer设计师； C. author 作家；D. actor演员。根据下文的a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard可知，此处 用画家符合语境，故选A项。 53．B 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他买了一本书，非常吃惊的发现里面有一幅艺术家Pierre Bonnard的画，他坐在和父亲画里面一样的花园里，一样的椅子上。A. expected意料的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. ready准备好的。根据下文的sitting on the same chair in the same 54 as his father's painting可知此处用“吃惊的”符合语境，故选B项。 54．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他买了一本书，非常吃惊的发现里面有一幅艺术家Pierre Bonnard的画，他坐在和父亲画里面一样的花园里，一样的椅子上。A. room房间；B.kitchen餐厅； C. hall 大厅；D. garden花园。根据上文的with a young girl sitting on a garden chair可知此处用“花园”符合语境，garden是原词复现，故选D项。 55．C 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们最终知道他们拥有的这幅画叫做“有两把椅子的女孩”。 A. apparently明显地；B. confidently自信地；C. eventually 最后；D. temporary暂时的。根 据上文的he bought a book and was 53 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same as his father's painting可知，此处是指经过一系列的对比和研究， 他们终于从一本书上得知了其中一副画的名字，故选C项。 56．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们最终知道他们拥有的这幅画叫做“有两把椅子的女孩”。 A. owned拥有；B. borrowed借；C. sold卖；D. stole偷。根据上文的Nicolo finally won the paintings for 32$可知，这幅画的所有权是Nicolo的，即他们拥有它，故选A项。 57．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们研究了另一幅画，发现它事实上是Paul Gauguin的《Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog》。A. collected收集；B. cleaned打扫；C. framed制 定；D. studied研究。根据上文的but when he 51 it可知此处用“研究”符合语境， research和study是同义词复现，故选D项。 58．B 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们研究了另一幅画，发现它事实上是Paul Gauguin的《Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog》。A. suitably适合地；B. actually事实上；C. rightly 正确地；D. specifically具体地。根据句意可知，此处是指他们研究了另外一副画，事实证 明也是一副著名画家的画，故选B项。 59．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人给意大利文化部打电话，官员肯定这些画是原版，价值 高达5000万美元。A. girl女孩；B. artist艺术家；C. family家庭；D. police警察。根据上下 文可知，此处是指Nicolo一家为了鉴别画的真伪给意大利文化部打电话，故选C项。 60．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这家人给意大利文化部打电话，官员肯定这些画是原版，价值 高达5000万美元。A. copies复制品；B. originals原版；C. models 模型；D. presents礼物。 根据下文的as much as $50 million可推测，这两幅画都是画家的原版，故选B项。13. 【2020·山东卷】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。 Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 21 . He learned the value and beauty of 22 there from a very young age. When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 23 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 24 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 25 , the number of snakes had declined as well. He 26 that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the 27 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 28 during the daytime. He turned to the 29 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 30 a nearby island where he began to plant trees. 31 young plants in the dry season was 32 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 33 of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 34 rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below. Molai 35 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals. 21．A．dream B．job C．home D．choice 22．A．nature B．youth C．culture D．knowledge 23．A．precious B．interesting C．disturbing D．awkward 24．A．waste B．tension C．pain D．damage 25．A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise 26．A．agreed B．realized C．remembered D．predicted 27．A．noise B．heat C．disease D．dust 28．A．directions B．partners C．help D．shelter 29．A．labor B．police C．forest D．finance 30．A．rebuilt B．discovered C．left D．managed 31．A．Decorating B．Observing C．Watering D．Guarding 32．A．tough B．illegal C．fantastic D．beneficial33．A．back B．top C．foot D．side 34．A．cool down B．keep off C．purify D．collect 35．A．returned B．learned C．failed D．continued 这是一篇记叙文。Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的 家园遭受巨大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减 少。Molai决定改变这一切，他经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在30多年 的时间里，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。 21．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A. dream 梦想；B. job工作；C. home家；D. choice选择。根据空前的second可知，他出生的村庄是 他的家，村庄附近的一些“湿地”成为了他的第二个“家”。故选C。 22．A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A. nature自然； B. youth青春，年轻；C. culture文化；D. knowledge知识。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。 故选A。 23．C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16岁时，Molai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的 事情。A. precious宝贵的；B. interesting有趣的；C. disturbing令人不安的，引起烦恼的； D. awkward尴尬的，笨拙的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。 这些情况都不正常，令人不安。故选C。 24．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走 了很多鸟类。A. waste废物；B. tension紧张；C. pain疼痛，痛苦；D. damage损害，伤害。 洪水侵袭这个地区，它会“损害”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。 25．A 考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A. Besides此外，另外；B. However 但是；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据as well可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离 开。而且，它还导致蛇的数量减少。故选A。 26．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. agreed同意；B. realized意识到；C. remembered记住，记起；D. predicted预测。Molai“意识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。 27．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. noise噪音；B. heat热；C. disease疾病；D. dust尘土。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉， 从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受炎热的影响。故选B。 28． 考查名词D词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身 之处。A. directions方向；B. partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C. help帮助；D. shelter遮蔽，庇护， 遮蔽物。树木可以给动物们提供“遮蔽”。故选D。 29．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A. labor劳动； B. police警察；C. forest森林；D. finance财政，金融。根据前一句中的“The solution, of course, was to plant trees”可知，Molai想要种树，所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。故选C。 30．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Molai自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在 那里种树。A. rebuilt重建；B. discovered发现；C. left离开；D. managed设法做成。根据前 面的”looking on his own”可知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他”发现”了一个小岛。故 选B。 31．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. Decorating装饰；B. Observing观察到；C. Watering浇水；D. Guarding守卫。该段后半部分 叙述的是Molai想尽办法收集水的努力。再结合该句中的“the dry season”可知，在旱季给幼 苗“浇水”很难。故选C。 32．A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. tough困难的；B. illegal非法的；C. fantastic极好的；D. beneficial有益的。根据该段后半部 分的叙述可知，Molai想尽办法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很“难”。故选 A。 33．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. back背部；B. top顶端；C. foot脚；D. side一边，一侧。 根据该段最后一句“The water would then drip on the plants below”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。 由此推知，竹子平台应该在每棵树苗的”顶端”。故选B。 34．D 考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置 了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. cool down冷却下来；B. keep off与……保持距离；C. purify净化，使纯净；D. collect收集。根据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知，他 将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。故选D。 35．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37年里，Molai继续种树。A. returned返回；B. learned学会；C. failed失败；D. continued继续。根据后一句可知，他的努力使1360英亩的 天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。由此推知，在接下来的37年里，他“继续”种树。故选 D。 14. 【2020·浙江卷】 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I’ve been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years. I use a small tractor to get about. My dog Don always sits beside me in the passenger scat. One morning I 36 a lost lamb when I was in the top field，near where a motorway cuts through my land. The lamb had become separated from its 37 , so I jumped out of the tractor to 38 it while Don stayed in his scat. Lamb and mother 39 , I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. This was so 40 because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out. 41 Don had somehow made the 42 move. My heart froze in my chest as I 43 the tractor heading towards the 44 .I ran desperately but failed to 45 . It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared. The 46 thing I saw was Don’s face, looking calmly back at me. Heart in mouth, I 47 the fence and looked over. The tractor was 48 againstthe crash barrier in the central reservation, having miraculously(奇迹般地) crossed the 49 road with fast-flowing traffic. I couldn’t see Don, but as I 50 the tractor he jumped out onto the road, apparently 51 , and dashed back to me. The police 52 and the motorway ran normally again. I couldn't quite believe my 53 it turned out no one got badly hurt, but the outcome could have been 54 .Don was given a special 55 that night—I didn’t want him thinking I was angry with him. 36．A．dropped B．spotted C．carried D．returned 37．A．kids B．friends C．owner D．mother 38．A．ask about B．play with C．tend to D．run into 39．A．freed B．switched C．reunited D．examined 40．A．unexpected B．dangerous C．embarrassing D．difficult 41．A．Fortunately B．Generally C．Immediately D．Obviously 42．A．lamb B．vehicle C．seat D．fence 43．A．saw B．stopped C．remembered D．drove 44．A．crowd B．motorway C．field D．hill 45．A．take off B．catch up C．hold back D．get out 46．A．real B．best C．basic D．last 47．A．fixed B．noticed C．reached D．closed 48．A．resting B．running C．parking D．turning 49．A．sleep B．long C．rough D．busy 50．A．abandoned B．approached C．recognized D．repaired 51．A．unclean B．uncertain C．unhurt D．unhappy 52．A．arrived B．replied C．survived D．waited 53．A．ability B．dream C．luck D．idea 54．A．common B．confusing C．desirable D．awful 55．A．meal B．test C．job D．lesson 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者开车带着它的狗去田地，路上发现了一只和它妈 妈走散的小羊。作者下车去照看小羊，把自己的狗留在了车上。后来，作者帮助小羊找到 了妈妈，谁知竟发现自己的狗开着拖拉机冲到了高速路上。作者赶紧沿途追赶，害怕造成 严重的后果。幸运的是，最后没有人受伤。这真是一个奇迹！ 36．B考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，我在山顶的田野里发现了一只迷路的小羊，那里有 一条高速公路穿过我的田地。A. dropped下降；B. spotted发现；C. carried搬； D. returned 返回。下文说小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我是无意中发现了一只迷路的小羊。故选B。 37．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don 还坐在它的座位上。A. kids小孩；B. friends朋友；C. owner主人；D. mother妈妈。根据下 文Lamb and mother，可知小羊是和它的妈妈走散了。故选D。 38．C 考查动词短语辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以我跳下拖拉机去照看它，而Don 还坐在它的座位上。A. ask about询问；B. play with同……一起玩；C. tend to照看；D. run into撞上。上文说小羊和它的妈妈走散了，所以可以推测出我跳下拖拉机去照看它。故选 C。 39．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然 离开了我。A. freed使自由；B. switched转变；C. reunited重聚；D. examined检查。下文说 我转过身去看拖拉机，因为小羊和它的妈妈重聚了，所以我才有心思去看我的拖拉机。故 选C。 40．A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这太出乎意料了，因为我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹。A. unexpected出乎意料的；B. dangerous危险的；C. embarrassing使人尴尬的；D. difficult困难 的。上文说我看见拖拉机突然离开了我，下文说我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹，所以这是让 人出乎意料的事情。故选A。 41．D 考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. Fortunately幸运地； B. Generally通常；C. Immediately立即；D. Obviously显然。根据while Don stayed in his seat可知我跳下车，照顾小羊的时候，Don还坐在它的座位上。那么，很显然，是Don以 某种方式使车子动了起来。故选D。 42．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然，Don以某种方式使车子动了起来。A. lamb小羊；B. vehicle车辆；C. seat座位；D. fence栅栏。根据I turned back to the tractor only to see it movesuddenly away from me.可知我转过身去看拖拉机，却看见它突然离开了我。所以这里指的 是Don开走了我的车。故选B。 43．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. saw看到；B. stopped停止；C. remembered记得；D. drove驾驶。下文说，我拼命地追，所 以我是看到了拖拉机朝高速公路开去。故选A。 44．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到拖拉机朝高速公路开去时，我的心都僵在胸口。A. crowd人群；B. motorway高速公路；C. field旷野；D. hill小山。根据near where a motorway cuts through my land.和having miraculously (奇迹般地) crossed the…road with fast- flowing traffic.可知拖拉机是朝高速公路开去。故选B。 45．B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我拼命地跑，但没能追上。A. take off起飞； B. catch up追上； C. hold back阻止；D. get out出去。根据I ran desperately以及下文It crashed through a wooden fence and disappeared.可知我没有追上拖拉机。故选B。 46．D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我最后看到的是Don的脸，它平静地看着我。A. real真实的； B. best最好的； C. basic基本的；D. last最后的。Don平静地看着我，这是我最后看到 的事情。故选D。 47．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心都提到嗓子眼了，我抵达栅栏，仔细检查。A. fixed固定； B. noticed注意； C. reached抵达；D. closed关。根据and looked over可知我是抵达了 栅栏。故选C。 48．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车 流如水的繁忙道路。A. resting 倚靠；B. running跑； C. parking停车；D. turning转动。根 据the crash barrier in the central reservation可知拖拉机是靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上。 故选A。 49．D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拖拉机正靠在路中间预留地带的防撞栏上，奇迹般地穿过了车流如水的繁忙道路。A. steep陡峭的；B. long长的；C. rough粗糙的；D. busy繁忙的。 根据fast-flowing traffic可知这条高速公路非常繁忙。故选D。 50．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然没 有受伤，冲回我身边。A. abandoned抛弃； B. approached接近;C. recognized意识到； D. repaired修理。下文说我的狗冲回我身边，所以我必定是接近了拖拉机。故选B。 51．C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看不见Don，但当我接近拖拉机时，它跳上了马路，显然 没有受伤，冲回我身边。A. unclean不洁的；B. uncertain不确定的；C. unhurt没有受伤的； D. unhappy不快乐的。根据下文no one got badly hurt可知我的狗没有受伤。故选C。 52．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：警察来了，高速公路的运行又恢复了正常。A. arrived到达；B. replied回答；C. survived幸存；D. waited等待。下文说高速公路的运行又恢复了正常，可 知是警察到达，处理了情况。故选A。 53．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能是 可怕的。A. ability能力；B. dream梦想； C. luck运气；D. idea想法。我的狗驾驶着拖 拉机上了车水马龙的高速路，结果却没有人受伤，所以我不相信我有这么好的运气。故选 C。 54．D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不能完全相信我的运气，结果没有人受重伤，但后果可能 是可怕的。A. common普通的；B. confusing混乱的；C. desirable令人向往的；D. awful可 怕的。根据上文作者的极度担忧My heart froze in my chest和Heart in mouth以及生活常识， 动物开车上了高速路，结果可能是非常可怕的。故选D。 55．A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Don那天晚上被给予了一顿特别的晚餐——我不想让它认为我 生它的气。A. meal一餐；B. test测验；C. job工作； D. lesson教训。根据下文I didn't want him thinking I was angry with him.可知我不想让它认为我生它的气，所以我给它提供了 一顿特别的晚餐。故选A。15. 【2019·全国卷II】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。 It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central lowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota. During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting. Ehlers ___41___about the small dog he had seen ___42___ alongside the road. He had ___43___ to coax(哄)the dog to him but, frightened, it had ___44___. Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that ___45___ dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove ___46___. After a long and careful ___47___. Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving ___48___ away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with ___49___. It just started licking(舔)Ehlers’ face. A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one ___50___ as lost in the local paper. The ad had a ___51___ number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers ___52___ the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had ___53___ their dog. Jeff had ___54___ in lowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched ___55___ for Rosie in the next four days. Ehlers returned to Minnesotan, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. “It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who ___56___ enough to go to that kind of ___57___,”says Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue ___58___. I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as ___59___ to it as I am to my dogs,” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be ___60___ to go that extra mile.” 41. A. read B. forgot C. thought D. heard 42. A. fighting B. trembling C. eating D. sleeping 43. A. tried B. agreed C. promised D. regretted 44. A. calmed down B. stood up C. rolled over D. run off 45. A. injured B. stolen C. lost D. rescued 46. A. home B. past C. back D. on47. A. preparation B. explanation C. test D. search 48. A. cautiously B. casually C. skillfully D. angrily 49. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety 50. A. predicted B. advertised C. believed D. recorded 51. A. house B. phone C. street D. car 52. A. called B. copied C. counted D. remembered 53. A. fed B. adopted C. found D. cured 54. A. hunted B. skied C. lived D. worked 55. A. on purpose B. on time C. in turn D. in vain 56. A. cares B. sees C. suffers D. learns 57. A. place B. trouble C. waste D. extreme 58. A. service B. plan C. effort D. team 59. A. equal B. allergic C. grateful D. close 60. A. suitable B. proud C. wise D. wiling 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ehlers和他的朋友救助了一只丢失的小狗， 最终帮它找到了主人。 41.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文 Ehlers和朋友一起去找那只狗可知，此处是指 Ehlers一直在想关于那只狗的事，think about考虑。故选C。 42.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文作者去哄小狗可知，这只狗是在路边发抖， trembling发抖。故选B。 43.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文可知，他在尽力的哄那只狗，try to do sth尽力做某 事。故选A。 44.D 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。他在尽力的哄那只狗，可是它很害怕，所以此处是指那只狗 被吓跑了，run off“跑开”的意思。故选D。 45.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文可知，这只狗是别人丢失的，因此此处用 lost“丢 失”。故选C。 46.C 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，四天后，Ehlers给他的朋友Greg打电话，他们 俩又驱车返回。 根据上文可知，此处是指他们又返回到之前见到那只走失的狗的地方， back向后，回原处。故选C。 47.D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文Greg在越过田野的地方看到了那只小狗可知，此处 是指他们在仔细寻找小狗，search寻找。故选D。 48.A 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。根据文中提到的frightened, nervousness, fear等词并结合上文 并根据下文Ehlers最终成功的安抚了它可知，小狗非常的谨慎小心，cautiously谨慎地，小 心地。故选A。 49.B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文小狗开始舔Ehlers的脸可知，它不再害怕，而是很 开心，joy开心。故选B。 50.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地的一个农民告诉他们，这听起来像是当地报纸上 刊登的那只丢失的狗。根据本句的in the local paper及语境可知，此处是指在报纸上刊登的， advertise登广告。故选B。 51.B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文Ehlers给狗的主人打电话可知，此处是指广告上有 电话号码，phone number电话号码。故选B。 52.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文语境可知，此处是指 Ehlers给Jeff和Lisa（狗的 主人）打了电话，call打电话。故选A。 53.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上下文语境可知，Ehlers给他们打电话是要告知他找到 了他们的狗，find找到。故选C。 54.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据下文狗听到枪声吓跑了可知，此处是指 Jeff带着狗在打猎，hunt打猎。故选A。 55.D 【解析】考查介词短语辨析。根据上文Ehlers找到的Jeff的狗可知，Jeff在狗丢失后没有找 到他的狗，in vain徒劳。故选D。 56.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很高兴知道还有那么一个人，他足够关心你，会去做 这样麻烦的事。根据上文可知，此处是指Ehlers对狗足够关心，care关心。故选A。 57.B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据上文Ehlers开车把那只小狗Rosie送到100英里远的机场， 把它航空托运到密歇根可知，这是件很麻烦的事情，trouble麻烦。故选B。 58.C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据上文可知，此处是指 Lisa在评论Ehlers帮助他们找回狗 付出的努力，effort努力。故选C。 59.D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想无论是谁丢了狗，可能就像我接近我的狗一样 去接近它。根据下文Ehlers说的话可知，此处是指他对待那只狗就像对自己的狗一样， close to靠近。故选D。 60.D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望有人愿意付出更多的努力。根据上文语境可 知，此处是表达他希望面对这样的事情，大家能愿意去付出更多努力去帮忙，be willing to do乐意做某事。故选D。 16. 【2019·全国卷III】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。 The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- ___41___ six months out of the year. Of course, we ___42___ it when the sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s tourism office. “We see the sky is ___43___, but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a ___44___ day.”But that ___45___ when a system of high-tech ___46___ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰)into the valley below. Wednesday, residents(居民)of Rjukan ___47___ their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to ___48___. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that ___49___ them to turn along with the sun throughout the ___50___ and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam(束)of light onto the town’s central ___51___, creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light ___52___, Rjukan residents gathered together. “People have been ___53___ there and standing there and taking ___54___ of each other," Ro says. "The town square was totally ___55___. I think almost all the people in the town were there. "The 3,500 residents cannot all ___56___ the sunshine at the same time. ___57___, the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s ___58___ residents. "It's not very ___59___,” she says, "but it is enough when we are ___60___.” 41. A. only B. obviously C. nearly D. precisely 42. A. fear B. believe C. hear D. notice 43. A. empty B. blue C. high D. wide 44. A. cloudy B. normal C. different D. warm 45. A. helped B. changed C. happened D. mattered 46. A. computers B. telescopes C. mirrors D. cameras 47. A. remembered B. forecasted C. received D. imagined 48. A. repair B. risk C. rest D. use 49. A. forbids B. directs C. predicts D. follows 50. A. day B. night C. month D. year 51. A. library B. hall C. square D. street 52. A. appeared B. returned C. faded D. stopped 53. A. driving B. hiding C. camping D. siting 54. A. pictures B. notes C. care D. hold 55. A. new B. full C. flat D. silent 56. A. block B. avoid C. enjoy D. store 57. A. Instead B. However C. Gradually D. Similarly 58. A. nature-loving B. energy-saving C. weather-beaten D. sun-starved59. A. big B. clear C. cold D. easy 60. A. trying B. waiting C. watching D. sharing 【语篇解读】本文属于说明文，讲述北欧一个小镇长达半年没有阳光照射，为此在附 近的山顶安装了一套镜子设备把阳光反射到小镇的广场。每当光线照射的时候，人们就聚 集在广场上，为寒冷的冬季增添一丝明亮。 41.C 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A. only仅仅；B. obviously 显然地；C. nearly几乎；D. precisely准确的。根据前文from late September to mid-March可知，从九月底到三月中旬， 差不多半年，故选C。 42.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. fear害怕；B. believe相信；C. hear听见；D. notice注意。 根据后文We see the sky is 43 , but down in the valley it's darker可知，我们看到天空是蓝色 ，的 但是到山谷的时候，就会变得更暗了，故可知，太阳照耀的时候，我们观察得到，故选 D。 43.B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. empty空的；B. blue蓝色的；C. high搞得；D. wide宽的。 根据常识可知，有太阳的时候，天空是蓝色的，故选B。 44.A 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. cloudy多云的；B. normal正常的；C. different不同的； D. warm温暖的。根据前文down in the valley it's darker可知，到山谷的时候，天变暗了， 像阴天一样，故选A。 45.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. helped 帮助；B. changed 改变；C. happened 发生；D. mattered关系重大。根据后文可知，该镇引入一套阳光反射镜来改变这种情况，故选B。 46.C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. computers电脑；B. telescopes望远镜；C. mirrors镜子；D. cameras相机。根据后文to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks可知，从附近的山顶上反 射太阳光，故可知，为一枚镜子，故选C。 47.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. remembered记得；B. forecasted预报；C. received获得，收到；D. imagined想象。根据句意可知，该镇的居民获得了冬天里的第一缕阳光，故选 C。 48.D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. repair修理；B. risk风险；C. rest 休息；D. use使用。 根据前一句their very first ray of winter sunshine可知，获得了冬天的第一缕阳光，是由于反 射板投入使用了，故选D。 put sth to use把某物投入使用。 49.B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些镜子由电脑控制，指导他们整天跟着太阳的位置 移动而移动，在大风的天气就自动关闭。A. forbids 禁止；B. directs 指导，导演；C. predicts预测；D. follows跟随，追随。本句描述这套系统的工作原理，电脑控制镜子的移 动，故选B。 50.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. day白天；B. night夜晚；C. month月；D. year年。根据文 章可知，太阳光出现在白天，故选A。 51.C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. library图书馆；B. hall大厅；C. square广场；D. street街道。 根据后文The town square可知，镜子反射聚集的光会照在小镇的中心广场上，故选C。 52.A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. appeared 出现；B. returned 归还；C. faded 褪去；D. stopped停止。根据后文Rjukan residents gathered together可知，当光照出现的时候，居民 出来，故选A。 53.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. driving驾驶；B. hiding隐藏；C. camping露营；D. sitting 坐。根据本句and standing there可知，光照出现的时候，人们会出来活动，坐在那里，站 在那里，故选D。 54.A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A. pictures照片，图片；B. notes笔记；C. care照顾；D. hold 抓住。根据文章可知，会彼此拍照，故选A。 55.B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. new新的；B. full满的；C. flat平坦的；D. silent沉默的。 根据后文I think almost all the people in the town were there.可知，差不多全镇的人都在广场上，故可知广场全是人，故选B。 56.C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. block阻挡；B. avoid避免；C. enjoy喜欢，享受；D. store 储存。根据句意可知，并不是3500名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，故选C。 57.B 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A. Instead代替；B. However然而；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Similarly相似地。前一句意思为并不是3500名居民都能同时享受到太阳光，后一句，新的 光线为小镇人们的意义不仅仅提供光线，故可知前后句属于转折关系，故选B。 58.D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. nature-loving热爱自然的；B. energy-saving节能的；C. weather-beaten受风雨侵蚀的；D. sun-starved渴望阳光的。根据前文可知，小镇差不多半年 没有阳光，故可知小镇人们渴望阳光，故选D。 59.A 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A. big大的；B. clear清晰的；C. cold冷的；D. easy容易的。 根据前文可知，镜子反射的光线有限，范围不够大，故选A。 60.D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A. trying尝试；B. waiting 等待；C. watching 观看； D. sharing分享。根据句意可知，大家一起晒太阳就足够了，故选D。 17. 【2019·北京卷】 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time. A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been ___11___ free rides to college students for the past eight years. Since he first started ___12___ his car to the young people. Wilson has ___13___ am astonishing 64, 000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous ___14___ with the students he transports to and from school. The students who he's ___15___ have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they've also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students ___16___ call him“Grandpa”. , Tina Stern ___17___ rides from Wilson for all her four years in college and the trips meant much more to her than just free ___18___. "It's not just a ride；you're not just sitting there in ___19___ silence or with your headphones on.” Stern said. “He asks you questions and actually ___20___ the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he'll ___21___ those things." Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation. On Point for College. Although the ___22___ asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes ___23___ to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration.Wilson is there to ___24___ them. If they run out of certain daily necessities. Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never ___25___ to buy them a meal. For many students, Wilson's help is not only appreciated, it's also entirely ___26___ for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students don't have a reliable car, while others have to ___27___ vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has ___28___ them to complete their education — but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the ___29___. “I just love driving and I love these kids, "Wilson said. "It's such a(n) ___30___ to be a part of these kids’ lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories." 11. A. linking B. sending C. offering D. distributing 12. A. donating B. lending C. delivering D. volunteering 13. A. paved B. covered C. measured D. wandered 14. A. arguments B. interviews C. negotiations D. conversations 15. A. met B. driven C. addressed D. greeted 16. A. even B. ever C. once D. already 17. A. earned B. received C. assessed D. demanded 18. A. transportation B. style C. time D. communication 19. A. forced B. awkward C. ridiculous D. suspicious 20. A. selects B. recites C. guesses D. remembers 21. A. act on B. settle on C. check on D. agree on22. A. club B. league C. college D. programme 23. A. far B. around C. beyond D. forwards 24. A. assist B. watch C. urge D. warm 25. A. expects B. attempts C. manages D. hesitates 26. A. extra B. unusual C. necessary D. adequate 27. A. share B. fuel C. repair D. exchange 28. A. required B. allowed C. reminded D. convinced 29. A. experience B. arrangement C. appreciation D. employment 30. A. effort B. ambition C. privilege D. convenience 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了 76岁的Paul Wilson八年来免费接送低收 入的学生上学的感人事迹。 11.C 根据第一段可知，Paul Wilson确保低收入的学生按时到达学校。由此可以推知，该句应指： Wilson给那些学生提供免费的乘车服务。故C选项正确。 12.D 根据上文中的“free rides”可知，Wilson是主动自愿将自己的汽车提供给那些学生的。故D 选项正确。 13.B Wilson让那些学生免费搭车，迄今他已经行程64,000英里。表示“行走一段路程”，应用 cover。B选项正确。 14.D Wilson在接送学生们上下学的过程中，和学生之间肯定有“谈话，交谈”，故D选项正确。 15.B 根据上文可知，Wilson每天接送那些学生，这些学生现在已经成为了物理学家，教师，工 程师等。该空应该对应上一句中的“he transports to and from school”，故B选项正确。drive 意为“驾车送（人）”。 16.A 这些学生将Wilson当作他们的偶像和朋友，有的甚至称他为“爷爷”。该空表示递进，故 A选项正确。 17.B 根据后面的介词from可以推知，Tina Stern从Wilson那儿获得免费的乘车机会。B选项正确。 18.A 对Tina Stern来说，这些行程不仅仅只是免费的运送而已。A选项正确。transportation意为 “运送”。 19.B Tina说：“那不仅仅是坐车而已。你并不只是坐在那儿，陷入令人尴尬的沉默中，也不是 戴着耳麦坐在那儿。” 坐在车里，彼此不交谈，只是沉默，这当然是令人尴尬的。故 B 选项正确。 20.D 在坐车的时候，Wilson会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。D选项正确。 21.C 在坐车的时候，Wilson会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。下一次这些学生再坐车的时候， Wilson会检查上次提到的这些东西。该句指的是在乘车期间，Wilson会利用这个机会了解 考查学生们的学习情况。故C选项正确。 22.D 根据上一句中的“programme”可知，D选项正确。Wilson最初通过一个非盈利组织On Point for College的一个项目作一名司机。该项目只要求它的成员们接送孩子们上下学。 23.C 结合下文中提到的“If they have problems with registration, Wilson is there to ____ them. If they run out of…If a student gets hungry…”可知，Wilson的所作所为超过了该项目的要求。 故C选项正确。 24.A 如果孩子们在登记方面有问题，Wilson会去帮助他们（解决相关的问题）。A选项正确。 25.D 从上文举的例子可知，该部分都表达的是Wilson对孩子们的帮助。因此该处应指：当孩子 们在上下学的途中饿了的时候，Wilson都会马上给他们去买吃的，从未犹豫过。D选项正 确。 26.C 根据下文中“Some students don’t have a reliable car, while others….For them, riding with Wilson has ____ them to complete their education”可以推知，对于那些乘车有困难的学生来说， 乘坐Wilson的车对于他们完成大学教育来说是必须的。C选项正确。27.A 有的学生没法得到可靠的汽车，有的学生必须和他们一周工作六天的家长共用车辆。表示 “共用”，需用share。A选项正确。 28.B 乘坐Wilson的汽车使得他们可以完成大学教育。表示“使得某人做某事，使某人能够做某 事”应该用allow sb. to do sth.。故B选项正确。 29.A Wilson认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。A选项正确。 30.C Wilson认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。在这个过程中，他认识了这些 学生，听到他们的故事，他认为这是自己的“荣幸”，故C选项正确：荣幸，荣耀。 18. 【2019·浙江卷】 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 There are lots of ways to raise awareness for a cause. Usually, the ___36___ the idea is, the more it gets noticed. And that’s precisely why one ___37___ Frenchman has caught our attention. Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe，surviving ___38___ on discarded(丢弃)food. The three-month, 1 900-mile journey from Paris to Warsaw is Dubanchet’s ___39___ of raising awareness of food waste in Europe and throughout the world. As you can ___40___, the trip is no piece of cake. While restaurants ___41___ tons of food each year, much of it remains inaccessible because of ___42___ garbage containers, health regulations, or business policies. Only about one in ten places ___43___ him food that would otherwise be discarded. For legal ___44___, most restaurants have a policy against ___45___ food waste. "Some people have even ___46___ their jobs by giving me food," Dubanchet said. What's ___47___ interesting is the attitude various cities have toward Dubanchet’s cause. Berlin has been the ___48___ while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen. There, he had to ___49___ at some 50 different stores or restaurants before finding food. The 50 isall the more serious when you consider the ___51___ exercise required to bike from France to Poland. "I have to get food ___52___ because after all the biking I am tired and I need the ___53___," Dubanchet explained. "Is my ___54___ full or empty? That is the most important thing, not what I am eating." He aims to ___55___ his journey by mid-July. With any luck, he’ll turn a few more heads in the process. 36. A. cleverer B. older C. stranger D. simpler 37. A. garbage-eating B. sports-loving C. food-wasting D. law-breaking 38. A. secretly B. finally C. entirely D. probably 39. A. purpose B. way C. opinion D. dream 40. A. observe B. imagine C. suggest D. remember 41. A. store B. cook C. shop for D. throw away 42. A. locked B. damaged C. connected D. abandoned 43. A. bought B. offered C. ordered D. sold 44. A. reasons B. rights C. fees D. aids 45. A. begging for B. giving away C. hiding D. causing 46. A. did B. kept C. accepted D. risked 47. A. hardly B. usually C. particularly D. merely 48. A. easiest B. nearest C. biggest D. richest 49. A. work B. shout C. ask D. jump 50. A. competition B. conversation C. conflict D. challenge 51. A. adequate B. rewarding C. demanding D. suitable 52. A. again B. alone C. later D. fast 53. A. spirit B. energy C. time D. effort 54. A. stomach B. hand C. pocket D. basket 55. A. arrange B. restart C. report D. finish 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了一个吃垃圾的法国人引起了我们的注意， Baptiste Dubanchet骑着自行车穿越欧洲，完全靠丢弃的食物生存。 36. C 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据Usually, the 36 the idea is, the more it gets noticed.可知这里意思是通常，这个观点越奇怪，它就会越受到关注。A. cleverer更聪明的；B. older更老的 C. stranger更奇怪；D. simpler更简单的，故选C。 37. A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据 Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, surviving 38 on discarded(丢弃) food.可知这里意思是那就是为什么一个吃垃圾的法国人引起了我们的注意。 A. garbage-eating吃垃圾的；B. sports-loving爱好体育的；C. food-wasting浪费食物的； D. law-breaking破坏法律的，故选A。 38. C 【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：Baptiste Dubanchet骑着自行车穿越欧洲，完全靠丢弃的食 物生存。A.secretly 秘密地；B. finally 最后；C. entirely完全地；D. probably很可能，故选 C。 39. B 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：从巴黎到华沙历时三个月、1900 英里的旅程，是 Dubanchet 引起欧洲和全世界对食物残羹注意的道路。A.purpose 目的；B.way 道路； C.opinion意见；D. dream梦想，故选B。 40. B 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：你可以想象，这次旅行不是小菜一碟。A. observe观察；B. imagine想象；C. suggest建议；D. remember记得，故选B。 41. D 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然餐馆每年扔掉大量的食物，但由于垃圾容器上锁 卫生规定或商业政策，很多食物仍然难以接近。A . store存储；B.cook做饭；C. shop for购 买某物；D. throw away扔掉，故选D。 42.A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据 it remains inaccessible可知这里意思是垃圾容器上锁。 A.locked上锁的；B . damaged被损坏的；C.connected连接的；D. abandoned被抛弃的，故 选A。 43. B 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：只有大约十分之一的地方给他提供了食物，否则就会被丢 弃。A.bought买；B. offered提供；C . ordered命令；D. sold销售，故选B。 44. A 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止浪费食物的政策。A.reasons原因；B. rights权利；C.fees费用；D. aids援助，故选A。 45.B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止分发食物残渣的 政策。A. begging for乞求； B. giving away分发；C . hiding隐藏；D. causing造成，故选 B。 46. D 【解析】考查动词辨析。上文说由于法律原因，大多数餐馆都有禁止分发食物残渣的政策 可知这里意思是有些人甚至冒着失业的危险给我食物。A.did做；B. kept保持；C.accepted 接受； D. risked冒…的危险，故选D。 47. C 【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：特别有趣的是各个城市对Dubanchet事件的态度。A.hardly 几乎不； B. usually 通常；C . particularly特别是；D . merely仅仅，故选C。 48. A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据while the most difficult was the Czech town of Pilsen.可知这 里意思是柏林是最容易的。A.easiest最容易的；B . nearest最近的；C . biggest最大的；D. richest最富有的，故选A。 49. C 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：在那里，他必须在大约50家不同的商店或餐馆询问，才能 找到食物。A.work工作；B. shout 呼喊；C.ask询问；D. jump跳跃，故选C。 50. D 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的高强度运动时， 挑战就更加严峻了。A. competition竞赛；B. conversation会话；C. conflict冲突；D. challenge挑战，故选D。 51. C 【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：当你考虑到从法国骑自行车到波兰所需要的高强度运动 时，挑战就更加严峻了。A. adequate充足的；B. rewarding有益的；C. demanding要求高的； D. suitable适当的，故选C。 52.D 【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：我必须快点吃东西，因为骑了那么多自行车，我累了，我需要能量。A.again再一次；B. alone独自地；C . later后来；D. fast迅速地，故选D。 53. B 【解析】考查名词辨析。根据because after all the biking I am tired可知我需要能量。A.spirit 精神； B . energy能量；C.time时间；D. effort努力，故选B。 54.A 【解析】考查名词辨析。根据That is the most important thing, not what I am eating.可知这里 意思是我的胃是满的还是空的。A. stomach胃；B. hand手；C. pocket口袋；D. basket篮子， 故选A。 55. D 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据With any luck, he'll tum a few more heads in the process.可知这 里意思是他计划在七月中旬结束他的旅行。A.arrange安排；B . restart重新开始；C. report 报告；D. finish结束，故选D。 --- End ---