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秘籍 03 完形填空
目录
完形填空
【高考预测】完形填空概率预测+题型预测+考向预测........................................................................................01
【思维导图】完形填空考点考向思维导图............................................................................................................02
【应试秘籍】完形填空常考点及应对的策略........................................................................................................02
【误区点拨】完形填空点拨常见的易错点............................................................................................................03
【抢分通关】完形填空押题新高考方向，讲解通关策略（含新考法）............................................................06
概率预测 ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆
题型预测 动词、动词短语、名词、形容词、副词
动词词义辨析、动词短语词义辨析、名词词义辨析、形容词/副词词义辨析
考向预测
☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆秘籍：完形填空的每一个空都不是孤立存在的，它是整个篇章的一部分，与上下文有紧密的逻辑关系。命
题以动词、名词为主，形容词和副词为辅。着重考查考生的阅读理解能力，逻辑推理能力，词汇运用能力
和跨文化交际能力。解题时应该采用以下六个技巧。
一 研读首句，获取全文线索
完形填空的首句一般不设空，主题句一般在段首或段尾，对把握文章的主题思想和作者的写作观点和
态度起到指导作用。
二 前后呼应法
解答完形填空，始终要抓住文章本身，联系“双线索”。大线索-全文中心和基调，小线索-设空前后
句子所构成的语境，前有伏笔，后又呼应进行解答。
三 逻辑提示词
利用上下文的逻辑关系是命题设计中运用较多的方法之一，注意生活常识、行文脉络及句子间的转承关
系逻辑词的含有义。
转折关系 however, but, though, whereas, nevertheless等因果关系 so, therefore, thus, because, for, since, as等
让步关系 though, although, despite, in spite of等
顺序关系 before, after, first, second, in addition, then, next, finally
等
条件关系 if, unless, once, provided that等
解释关系 that is to say, in other words, namely等
并列关系 and, while等
四 把握语法结构和长句分析能力
完形填空原文升华处中常会出现一两句较长的复合句，根据语法结构正确理解长难句往往成为解题的关
键。
五 利用词语辨析和固定搭配
选项中四个单词词性一致，意义相近时需要在特定语境中能够合理判断所需词义或熟词生义，考生平时
应当大量积累词汇及短语。
六 复原语篇，审核答案
对完形填空进行初读和初选后，根据对语篇的全面理解，将已选答案代入原文，进一步查漏补缺，验证
答案。
易错点一：动词或动词短语易错
秘籍：根据上下文的提示，在句中、句组中寻找线索，同时关注熟词生义的推断。
（2024年九省联考） I was working my way through university then and had little
money for ______ the car.
A. washing B. parking C. purchasing D. maintaining.
破解：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时我正努力读完大学，几乎没有钱保养这辆车。A. washing清洗；B.
parking停车；C. purchasing购买；D. maintaining保养。根据空前“I was working my way through university
then and had little money”可知，作者当时正在在读大学，没有什么钱，所以几乎是不保养车的。故选D。
变式1：Dale Carnegie rose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he found a way to
fill a universal human need.
It was a need that he first back in 1906 when young Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in
Warrens burg.A．admitted B．filled C．supplied D．Recognized
破解：考查动词词义及语境理解。句意：早在1906年，当年轻戴尔还是华伦斯堡州立师范学院的一名三年
级学生时，他就意识到了这种需求。A. admitted承认；B. filled装满；C. supplied提供；D. recognized认
出，识别。 根据第一段中的 he found a way to fill a universal human need . 和第 1 空后的 back in 1906 when
young Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in Warrens burg. 可知 ，很早他就“意识到”这种需要。故选
D。
变式2：In the August sun, it was unbearably hot in my car. I was in Vancouver, the Knight Street
Bridge as I tried to get home after work. Traffic was already slowing down and then it came to a full stop. I was
stuck even before getting on the bridge.
A．passing B．constructing C．approaching D．Guarding
破解：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时我在温哥华，下班后正准备回家，正接近Knight Street大桥。A.
passing经过；B. constructing建筑，修建；C. approaching接近；D. guarding守卫，保卫。 根据下文“ even
before getting on the bridge” 可知，此时作者应该还没上桥 ，所以应该是“接近，靠近”Knight Street大桥。
故选C。
易错点二：名词易错
（2023年新高考I卷）
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have
finished the course earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was carrying a ____23____ across
the finish line.
As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____24____ when a
runner in front of her began crying in pain.
22. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
23. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor
24. A. race B. school C. town D. training
破解：22. A. delay延误；B. chance机会；C. trouble麻烦；D. excuse借口。 根据上文“ Melanie Bailey
should have ________ the course earlier than she did” 和上一题的解析可知 ，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比
赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。
23.句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge裁判；B. volunteer志愿者；C. classmate
同学；D. competitor参赛者。 根据第一段的“ hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race ” 可知 ，她
是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。
24. A. race比赛；B. school学校；C. town城镇；D. training训练。 根据第一段的“ hundreds of runners
competed in a cross-country race” 可知 ，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。故选A。
变式1：I was getting more excited as we got off the train at beautiful Grand Central Station. After a tour at the
Museum of Modern Art, we visited Radio City Music Hall and the Christmas tree at Rockefeller Center. In one of
the in the area, I found a tiny boxed set of Peter Rabbit books, perfect for my daughters.
A．shops B．factories C．schools D．hospitals
破解：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这个地区的一家商场，我发现一套彼得兔书，很适合我的女儿。A.
shops商场；B. factories工厂；C. schools学校；D. hospitals医院。 根据 上句 visited Radio City Music Hal l
and the Christmas tree at Rockefeller Center. In one of the ... 和下句 “ I found a tiny boxed set of Peter Rabbit
books,”可知，作者发现一套适合女儿的书，应该在逛商场时。故选A。
变式 2：Sarah, a Girl Guide (女童子军) from Wagga Wagga, dreams of being a medical scientist, inspired by
Florence Nightingale’s pioneering work in the field of nursing. “I want to make a positive on the world by
learning first aid to help people in need ,”explains Sarah, who has a vision of seeing more girls in science.
A. fortune B．arrangement C．effort D．Impact
破解：考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我想通过学习急救来帮助有需要的人，对世界产生积极的影响，”萨
拉解释说，她希望看到更多的女孩从事科学研究。A. fortune幸运；B. arrangement安排；C. effort努力；D.
impact重大影响。 根据下文中的“ by learning first aid to help people i n nee d ”可知，萨拉想通过学习急救帮
助人们，由此可知，此处指的是她通过帮助人们，而对世界产生积极的“影响”。故选D项。
易错点三： 形容词和副词易错
（2024年九省联考） I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my
car broke down. My phone was ______, too. I managed to get to a gas station, but it was Sunday in the early fall,
and there was no mechanic on duty.
A. busy B. loud C. dead D. secure
破解：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的手机也没电了。A. busy忙的；B. loud大声的；C. dead（因无电
力）不工作的；D. secure可靠的。 根据上文“ I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my
car broke down . ” 以及句中的 too 可知 ，作者的车坏了，手机也因为没电而关机了。故选C。
变式1：（浙江省义乌五校2023-2024学年高三联考）
During my stay at the University of Michigan, one of the senior professors asked me to join a seminar on culture
and emotion. In a general round of self-introductions, I introduced myself in a(n) Dutch way as one of
those who are “interested in culture and emotion”. The professor supplemented (补充) my self-introduction to fit
American standards, saying I was one of the world’s experts on the topic.
A. understated B．interesting C．dramatic D．Proud破解：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一场大概的自我介绍中，我以一种低调的方式介绍自己是“对文化
和情感感兴趣”的人之一。A. understated轻描淡写的，低调的；B. interesting有趣的；C. dramatic戏剧性
的；D. proud自豪的。由 下文“ ‘ expert’ was a big word ” 可知 ，作者在这里“低调地”介绍自己。故选A
项。
变式2：When the cars did move, I moved carefully, making sure not to crash into other cars. Finally, I made it
onto the bridge. The traffic was still moving forward at a snail’s pace. Tired and hungry, I became very .
A．hopeless B．nervous C．anxious D．Stressed
破解：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：又累又饿，我变得非常焦虑。A. hopeless绝望的；B. nervous紧张的；
C. anxious焦虑的；D. stressed焦虑的，紧张的。根据上文“Tired and hungry”可知，作者又累又饿，变得很
焦虑。故选C。
1. （2023-2024学年湖北高中名校联盟）
The 8-year-old boy across the street stormed in and out of his own house very often. A neighbor, William
Dunn, 21 what was going on in his life. So Dunn asked him.
“He told me that he didn’t have a 22 ,” says Dunn, now 58, “and I realized there was 23 I could do
for him.” That something was 24 , a passion Dunn’s father had shared with him.
Dunn has taken groups of kids out almost every 25 to fish. Most didn’t have father figures in their
lives and had never fished. “They’d been through a lot, and their lives were 26 ,” Dunn says. “But when they
were fishing, all of that 27 . Out on the boat, they’d be smiling, and even 28 .”
Jayden, now 13, has become a devoted fisherman and 29 Dunn with helping him mature. “I hope he
knows I mean it when I say thank you,” he says.
Just as 30 as the fishing are the 31 Dunn forms with the kids. “When Jayden was going
through a 32 period recently in study — I let Dunn know that his grades were suffering and he had a
little talk with Jayden,” Jayden’s mother says. To her delight, Jayden’s grades 33 improved in the next
exam.
“There is nothing like seeing a 34 light up with a smile,” Dunn says. “I feel lucky to 35
that every weekend.”
21．A．revealed B．explained C．doubted D．wondered
22．A．mother B．father C．brother D．sister
23．A．something B．nothing C．anything D．everything
24．A．camping B．boating C．fishing D．running
25．A．day B．month C．year D．weekend26．A．different B．difficult C．disciplined D．dynamic
27．A．went away B．broke out C．came about D．took over
28．A．studying B．sailing C．singing D．speaking
29．A．charges B．entertains C．rewards D．credits
30．A．important B．promising C．interesting D．complex
31．A．circles B．habits C．impressions D．relationships
32．A．rough B．long C．meaningful D．productive
33．A．hardly B．nearly C．genuinely D．accidentally
34．A．fisherman B．kid C．parent D．neighbor
35．A．dream B．expect C．witness D．receive
【答案】
21．D 22．B 23．A 24．C 25．D 26．B 27．A 28．C 29．D 30．A
31．D 32．A 33．C 34．B 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了善良的威廉·邓恩几乎每个周末都带着一群孩子出去钓鱼，他们大
多数人在生活中没有父亲的形象，也从来没有钓过鱼。在钓鱼的过程中，孩子们很开心，同时邓恩也给了
这些孩子一些建议和鼓励，这些孩子们也取得了进步。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：邻居威廉·邓恩想知道他的生活发生了什么。A. revealed揭示；B. explained
解释；C. doubted怀疑；D. wondered想知道。根据下文“So Dunn asked him.”可知，邻居威廉·邓恩想知道
他的生活发生了什么。故选D。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“他告诉我他没有父亲，”现年58岁的邓恩说，“我意识到我可以为他做
点什么。”A. mother母亲；B. father父亲；C. brother兄弟；D. sister姐姐。根据下文“Dunn has taken
groups of kids out almost every 5 to fish. Most didn’t have father figures in their lives and had never
fished.”可知，这个男孩没有父亲。故选B。
23．考查代词词义辨析。句意：“他告诉我他没有父亲，”现年58岁的邓恩说，“我意识到我可以为他做
点什么。”A. something某物；B. nothing什么都没有；C. anything任何东西；D. everything一切。根据下
文“That something was 4 , a passion Dunn’s father had shared with him.”可知，邓恩想为他做点什
么，something属于原词复现。故选A。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那就是钓鱼，这是邓恩的父亲和他共同的爱好。A. camping露营；B.
boating划船；C. fishing钓鱼；D. running跑步。根据下文“Dunn has taken groups of kids out almost every
5 to fish.”可知，此处指钓鱼。故选C。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：邓恩几乎每个周末都带着一群孩子出去钓鱼。A. day天；B. month月；C.
year年；D. weekend周末。根据下文“I feel lucky to 1 5 that every weekend.”可知，此处指几乎每个
周末，邓恩都带着一群孩子出去钓鱼。故选D。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“他们经历了很多，他们的生活很艰难，”邓恩说。A. different不同
的；B. difficult艰难的；C. disciplined纪律严明的；D. dynamic充满活力的。根据上文“Most didn’t have
father figures in their lives and had never fished.”及常识可知，这些孩子大多数人没有父亲，生活很艰难。故
选B。27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但当他们钓鱼时，所有这些都消失了。A. went away消失；B. broke out爆
发；C. came about产生；D. took over接管。根据下文“Out on the boat, they’d be smiling, and even 8
.”可知，但当他们钓鱼时，这些孩子很开心，那些生活的艰难都忘记了、消失了。故选A。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在船上，他们会微笑，甚至唱歌。A. studying学习；B. sailing航行；C.
singing唱歌；D. speaking谈话。根据上文“Out on the boat, they’d be smiling”可知，但当他们钓鱼时，这些
孩子很开心，singing符合此处语境。故选C。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现年13岁的杰登已经成为一名忠实的钓鱼人，他认为邓恩帮助他成熟起
来。A. charges控告；B. entertains使快乐；C. rewards奖赏；D. credits认为。固定搭配credit sb. with sth.“把
某事归功于某人”。故选D。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：和钓鱼一样重要的是邓恩和孩子们之间的关系。A. important重要的；B.
promising有希望的；C. interesting有趣的；D. complex复杂的。根据语境可知，此处指和钓鱼一样重要的
是邓恩和孩子们之间的关系。故选A。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：和钓鱼一样重要的是邓恩和孩子们之间的关系。A. circles圆圈；B. habits
习惯；C. impressions印象；D. relationships关系。根据下文“Dunn forms with the kids.”可知，此处指邓恩
和孩子们之间的关系。故选D。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“当杰登最近在学习上遇到困难时，我让邓恩知道他的成绩很差，他还
和杰登聊了一会儿，”杰登的母亲说。 A. rough 艰难的；B. long长的；C. meaningful有意义的；D.
productive富有成效的，多产的。根据下文“I let Dunn know that his grades were suffering and he had a little
talk with Jayden”可知，此处指杰登最近在学习上遇到了困难。故选A。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：令她高兴的是，杰登的成绩在下次考试中真正提高了。A. hardly几乎不；
B. nearly差不多；C. genuinely真正地；D. accidentally意外地。根据上文“To her delight”可知，杰登的成
绩在下次考试中真正提高了。故选C。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“没有什么比看到一个孩子面带微笑更开心的了，”邓恩说。A. fisherman
渔夫；B. kid孩子；C. parent父亲（或母亲）；D. neighbor邻居。根据上文“Dunn has taken groups of kids
out almost every 5 to fish.”可知，此处指看到一个孩子面带微笑。故选B。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个周末都能见证这一切，我感到很幸运。A. dream梦见；B. expect预
期；C. witness见证；D. receive接收。根据上文““There is nothing like seeing a 1 4 light up with a
smile,” Dunn says.”可知，每个周末都能见证一个孩子面带微笑，我感到很幸运。故选C。
2.（福建省福州高级中学2023-2024学年高三试题）
A mistake made six years ago has turned into a holiday tradition. A grandmother who mistakenly 21
a stranger to attend the family’s Thanksgiving dinner in 2016 ended up making a 22 , and now the pair
have 23 the holiday together every year since. This year is no exception.
In 2016, Wanda Dench tried to text her grandson about the family’s Thanksgiving dinner plans, but she 24
added a stranger to the message. Jamal Hinton was on the receiving end of the holiday text and jokingly accepted
her 25 .
“You’re not my grandma,” Hinton wrote back, including a selfie to 26 he was not the grandsonDench thought she was texting. “Can I still get a plate though?”
Dench, ever the 27 grandmother, replied, “Of course you can. That’s what Grandmas do… 28
everyone.” Hinton posted about the funny mix-up and it went viral (疯传). And on Thanksgiving day, he 29
drove from Tempe, Arizona to Mesa to 30 the Dench family for the holiday. And every year since,
Hinton and Dench have got together for the holiday.
In 2020, he informed followers of some sad news—Dench’s husband, Lonnie, had died from COVID-19. So
last Thanksgiving, 31 Lonnie, the family held a small, pared-down (精简的) 32 the day
after the holiday to keep the 33 alive.
This year, Hinton tweeted, “We are all set for year 6!”, 34 a screenshot of their text exchange as
usual. Dench’s name is saved in his phone as “Grandma Wanda”. The story of 35 went viral again—
spreading some holiday cheer on social media.
21．A．reminded B．invited C．forced D．allowed
22．A．friend B．deal C．decision D．story
23．A．planned B．organized C．celebrated D．booked
24．A．carefully B．purposefully C．secretly D．accidentally
25．A．gift B．idea C．offer D．apology
26．A．argue B．pretend C．show D．announce
27．A．generous B．strict C．patient D．caring
28．A．forgive B．feed C．remember D．understand
29．A．casually B．hardly C．nearly D．actually
30．A．disturb B．join C．greet D．congratulate
31．A．in honor of B．in search of C．in praise of D．in place of
32．A．conversation B．conference C．competition D．gathering
33．A．mistake B．news C．tradition D．holiday
34．A．taking B．enjoying C．collecting D．sharing
35．A．honesty B．kindness C．generosity D．toughness
【答案】
21．B 22．A 23．C 24．D 25．C 26．C 27．D 28．B 29．D 30．B
31．A 32．D 33．C 34．D 35．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了主人公丹奇将发给自己孙子的短信误发给了一个叫辛顿的小伙，因
为这一次“错误”，辛顿收获了几位“家人”，并参与了他们的感恩节聚会。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2016年，一位祖母错误地邀请了一位陌生人参加家庭的感恩节晚餐，结果
却交到了朋友，从那以后，这对陌生人每年都会一起庆祝感恩节。A. reminded提醒；B. invited邀请；C.
forced迫使；D. allowed允许。根据“a stranger to attend the family’s Thanksgiving dinner”以及下文“now the
pair have 3 the holiday together”可知，此处为一位祖母错误地邀请了一位陌生人参加家庭的感恩
节晚餐。故选B项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2016年，一位祖母错误地邀请了一位陌生人参加家庭的感恩节晚餐，结果却交到了朋友，从那以后，这对夫妇每年都会一起庆祝感恩节。A. friend朋友；B. deal交易；C. decision
决定；D. story故事。根据下文“and now the pair have 3 the holiday together every year since.”可推
知，此处为一位祖母错误地邀请了一位陌生人参加家庭的感恩节晚餐，结果却交到了朋友。故选A项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2016年，一位祖母错误地邀请了一位陌生人参加家庭的感恩节晚餐，结果
却交到了朋友，从那以后，这对夫妇每年都会一起庆祝感恩节。A. planned计划；B. organized组织；C.
celebrated庆祝；D. booked预定。根据上文提到的一位祖母错误地邀请了一位陌生人参加家庭的感恩节晚
餐，结果却交到了朋友，以及该句中的“the holiday together every year since.”可推知，此处为从那以后，这
对陌生人每年都会一起庆祝感恩节。故选C项。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：2016年，旺达·丹奇(Wanda Dench)试图给孙子发短信，告诉他家里的感恩
节晚餐计划，但她不小心在短信里添加了一个陌生人。A. carefully仔细地；B. purposefully有目的地；C.
secretly秘密地；D. accidentally不小心地。根据上文提到的试图给孙子发短信，告诉他家里的感恩节晚餐
计划，以及该句中的but 转折和“added a stranger to the message.”可推知，此处为她不小心在短信里添加了
一个陌生人。故选D项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：贾马尔·辛顿收到了这条节日短信，并开玩笑地接受了她的邀请。A. gift礼
物；B. idea主意；C. offer提议，邀请；D. apology道歉。根据上文提到的祖母错误地邀请了一位陌生人参
加家庭的感恩节晚餐，结果却交到了朋友。以及该句中的“accepted”可知，此处为贾马尔·辛顿开玩笑地接
受了她的邀请。故选C项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你不是我的奶奶，”辛顿回复道，并附上了一张自拍照，以表明他不是
丹奇以为她在发短信的那个孙子。A. argue争论；B. pretend假装；C. show表明；D. announce宣布。根据
上文“Hinton wrote back, including a selfie”可知，此处为辛顿回复道，并附上了一张自拍照，以表明他不是
丹奇以为她在发短信的那个孙子。故选C项。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丹奇，这位慈祥的祖母，回答说：“你当然可以。A. generous慷慨的；
B. strict严格的；C. patient有耐心的；D. caring关心他人的，体贴的。根据祖母的回复“Of course you can.”
可推知，此处为表示祖母是很有爱心的。故选D项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：奶奶就是这么做的……喂饱每个人。A. forgive原谅；B. feed喂养；C.
remember记得；D. understand理解。根据句意以及上文“That’s what Grandmas do”可推知，此处为表示奶
奶就是这么贴心的喂饱每一个人。故选B项。
29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：感恩节那天，他从亚利桑那州的坦佩开车到梅萨，和丹奇一家一起过节。
A. casually随意地；B. hardly几乎不；C. nearly将近；D. actually事实上。 根据句意以及该句中的
“drove from Tempe, Arizona to Mesa”可推知，此处为他从亚利桑那州的坦佩开车到梅萨，和丹奇一家一起
过节。故选D项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：感恩节那天，他从亚利桑那州的坦佩开车到梅萨，和丹奇一家一起过节。
A. disturb打扰；B. join加入；C. greet打招呼；D. congratulate祝贺。根据下文“And every year since,
Hinton and Dench have got together for the holiday.”可知，此处为他从亚利桑那州的坦佩开车到梅萨，和丹奇
一家一起过节。故选B项。
31．考查介词短语辨析。句意：因此，去年感恩节，为了纪念朗尼，这家人在节后的第二天举行了一个小
型的、精简的聚会，以保持这一传统。A. in honor of为了纪念；B. in search of寻找；C. in praise of赞扬；D. in place of代替。根据上文“Dench’s husband, Lonnie, had died from COVID-19.”可知，此处为为了纪念朗
尼，这家人在节后的第二天举行了一个小型的、精简的聚会。故选A项。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，去年感恩节，为了纪念朗尼，这家人在节后的第二天举行了一个小
型的、精简的聚会，以保持这一传统。A. conversation对话；B. conference会议；C. competition比赛；D.
gathering聚会。根据该句中的“the family held a small, pared-down (精简的)…”以及“to keep the 1 3
alive.”可推知，此处为为了纪念朗尼，这家人在节后的第二天举行了一个小型的、精简的聚会，以保持这
一传统。故选D项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，去年感恩节，为了纪念朗尼，这家人在节后的第二天举行了一个小
型的、精简的聚会，以保持这一传统。 A. mistake错误；B. news新闻；C. tradition传统；D. holiday节
日。根据下文“This year, Hinton tweeted, “We are all set for year 6!”可知，今年已经是第六年举行这个聚会
了，由此可推知，这已经形成了一种传统了。 故选C项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：像往常一样分享了他们文字交流的截图。A. taking带走；B. enjoying享
受； C. collecting收集；D. sharing分享。根据句意以及该句中的“a screenshot of their text
exchange as usual.”可推知，此处为像往常一样分享了他们文字交流的截图。故选D项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个善良的故事再次走红，在社交媒体上传播了一些节日的欢呼。A.
honesty诚实；B. kindness善良；C. generosity慷慨；D. toughness韧性。通读全文以及下文“spreading some
holiday cheer on social media.”可知，此处为这个善良的故事再次走红，在社交媒体上传播了一些节日的欢
呼。故选B项。
3.（安徽省合肥市第一中学2023-2024学年高三质检试题）
This week, I will hike along the Appalachian Trail alone to look for what can be hard to find in the city:
solitude. In the 21 , I can find places to be alone, but it is much harder to find true solitude. The 22
between cities and mountains is the secret I find that the 23 comforts.
For many people, the idea of being alone in mountains can be 24 . It’s understandable because we
are, 25 , social animals. But being in the wild without others doesn’t mean being 26 . In fact, it
can be quite the 27 . Life is there already. There are the bird calls in the air and frogs crossing the trail.
And there is more.
When you come to a(n) 28 where the sunlight makes it to the forest floor, you can sometimes catch
a hint of something. I don’t know what to call it. Words 29 . But it feels something like a root or a(n)
30 song of the world’s own presence.
If that moment is just between you and the wild world, then you are 31 indeed. That is when
you can 32 what Henry David Thoreau meant when he said, “I never found the 33
that was so companionable as solitude.”
So, as the great John Muir 34 it: “Keep close to Nature’s heart once in a while, and climb a
mountain or spend a week in the wild to wash your 35 clean.”
21．A．mountain B．city C．air D．sea
22．A．connection B．agreement C．difference D．argument23．A．food B．friendship C．music D．wilderness
24．A．discomforting B．amusing C．relaxing D．exciting
25．A．by choice B．by accident C．by nature D．by mistake
26．A．happy B．alone C．patient D．brave
27．A．opposite B．false C．beautiful D．same
28．A．apartment B．office C．farm D．clearing
29．A．fail B．spread C．matter D．win
30．A．sweet B．unvoiced C．popular D．odd
31．A．angry B．sad C．lucky D．frightened
32．A．refuse B．forget C．forgive D．understand
33．A．pond B．companion C．hunter D．rain
34．A．put B．denied C．accepted D．assessed
35．A．land B．body C．record D．spirit
【答案】
21．B 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．C 26．B 27．A 28．D 29．A 30．B
31．C 32．D 33．B 34．A 35．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者到大山里徒步旅行，寻找城市里难以找到的独处，并体会到了
它的独特之处。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在城市里，我可以找到独处的地方，但要找到真正的孤独要难得多。A.
mountain山；B. city城市；C. air空气；D. sea大海。根据上文“This week, I will hike along the Appalachian
Trail alone to look for what can be hard to find in the city: solitude(本周，我将独自沿着阿巴拉契亚小道徒步旅
行，寻找在城市中很难找到的东西：独处)”以及下文“between cities and mountains(在城市和大山之间)”可
推理出空白处应填表示“城市”含义的名词，故选B项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：城市和大山之间的区别是我发现了荒野令人舒适的秘密。A. connection连
接；B. agreement同意；C. difference区别；D. argument争论。根据下文“between cities and mountains(在城
市和大山之间)”可知此处说的是城市和大山之间的区别，故选C项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. food食物；B. friendship友谊；C. music音乐；D. wilderness荒
野。根据上文“In the city, I can find places to be alone, but it is much harder to find true solitude.(在城市里，我
可以找到独处的地方，但要找到真正的孤独要难得多)”可知作者在此处要表达的是从与大山相关的事物中
发现的秘密，分析四个选项，D项“wilderness荒野”表达的含义符合语境，故选D项。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，独自一人在山上的想法可能会让人感到不安。A.
discomforting令人不安的；B. amusing有趣的；C. relaxing愉快的；D. exciting令人兴奋的。根据上文
“being alone in mountains(独自一人在山上)”可推理出空白处应填表示“令人不安的”含义的形容词，故选
A项。
25．考查介词短语辨析。句意：这是可以理解的，因为我们天生就是群居动物。A. by choice自愿；B. by
accident偶然地；C. by nature天生地；D. by mistake错误地。根据下文“social animals(群居动物)”可知此处
上下文说的是人的自然属性，分析四个选项，C项“by nature天生地”表达的含义符合语境，故选C项。26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在野外没有其他人并不意味着孤独。A. happy高兴的；B. alone独自
的；C. patient耐心的；D. brave勇敢的。根据下文“Life is there already. There are the bird calls in the air and
frogs crossing the trail.(生命已经存在。空中传来鸟叫声，青蛙穿过小径)”可知此处上下文说的是在野外还有
其他的生命，并不是独自一种生命形式，故选B项。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，情况可能恰恰相反。A. opposite相反的；B. false假的；C.
beautiful漂亮的；D. same相似的。根据下文“Life is there already. There are the bird calls in the air and frogs
crossing the trail.(生命已经存在。空中传来鸟叫声，青蛙穿过小径)”可知下文表达的含义与上文相反，故选
A项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你来到阳光照射到森林地面的空地时，有时你会发现一些东西。A.
apartment公寓；B. office办公室；C. farm农场；D. clearing林中空地。根据下文“阳光照射到森林地面”
可知此处上下文说的是森林中的空地，故选D项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我无以言表。A. fail无能为力；B. spread传播；C. matter有关系；D. win
赢得。根据上文“I don’t know what to call it.(我不知道该怎么称呼它。)”可知此处上下文说的是作者无法用
语言表达出来，故选A项。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但它感觉有点像世界自身存在的根源或无声之歌。A. sweet甜的；B.
unvoiced无声的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. odd古怪的。根据上文“When you come to a(n) clearing where the
sunlight makes it to the forest floor, you can sometimes catch a hint of something. (当你来到阳光照射到森林地面
的空地时，有时你会发现一些东西。)”可知，此处说的是在林中空地看到了太阳照射到森林的地面时的感
受，作者把这种感受比喻为一首歌，是无声的，故选B项。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果那一刻就在你和狂野世界之间，那么你真的很幸运。A. angry生气
的；B. sad难过的；C. lucky幸运的；D. frightened害怕的。根据下文“what Henry David Thoreau meant(亨
利·戴维·梭罗所说)”可知此处上下文说的是作者认为如果你找到了那种感觉，你就体会到了亨利·戴维·梭罗
在他的名言里表达的含义，所以作者认为你是幸运的，故选C项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时你才能理解亨利·戴维·梭罗所说的“我从未找到像独处这样友好的伴
侣”的意思。A. refuse拒绝；B. forget忘记；C. forgive原谅；D. understand理解。根据下文“what Henry
David Thoreau meant when he said(亨利·戴维·梭罗所说的)”可推理出空白处应填表示“理解”含义的动词，
故选D项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. pond池塘；B. companion伴侣；C. hunter猎人；D. rain雨。根据
下文“so companionable as solitude(像孤独这样友好的……)”可知此处说的是亨利·戴维·梭罗把独处当做伴
侣，故选B项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，正如伟大的约翰·缪尔所说：“偶尔贴近大自然的心，爬山或在野外
呆一周，把你的心灵洗干净。A. put说；B. denied否认；C. accepted接受；D. assessed评定。根据下文
“Keep close to Nature’s heart once in a while, and climb a mountain or spend a week in the wild to wash your
spirit clean(偶尔贴近大自然的心，爬山或在野外呆一周，把你的心灵洗干净。)”可知，这是约翰·缪尔说的
话，空白处应填表示“说”含义的动词，故选A项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. land陆地；B. body身体；C. record记录；D. spirit心灵。根据上
文“Keep close to Nature’s heart once in a while, and climb a mountain or spend a week in the wild(偶尔贴近大自然的心，爬山或在野外呆一周)”可知此处上下文说的是偶尔到野外放松身心，分析四个选项，D项“spirit
心灵”表达的含义符合语境，故选D项。
4.（安徽皖江名校联盟2023-2024学年高三试题）
I’d like to share my story of kindness. I had a car 41 and needed to get a new car as quickly as
possible but I don’t have 42 . Everything is more 43 these days so I saw some cars for around $
5000 but then I found one 44 for $ 4000.
This newer car has some 45 and only 1 key but it has power locks, steering (转向装置) an
windows, newer tyres and safely airbags so it is much 46 than my old car. After a test drive I said I
47 to buy it. The seller, Richard, said that he only wanted me to pay $3500 as we are the right people 48
buying it. He said he’d had some terrible interactions with people asking him to 49 it to them. I’m a
single parent of an 11-year-old child and I think he was very taken by my lovely and lively girl and her 50
of how we had had an accident and the car just doesn’t feel 51 anymore.
I paid the money and the next day he was 52 enough to drive it over. Then he told me that he’d paid
3 months registration (登记), 53 the tank and bought me a new key! They cost almost $300. How
amazing! We have been 54 feeling so safe and happy. He has made such a 55 to our lives!
41．A．chance B．fortune C．accident D．seat
42．A．feelings B．savings C．activities D．maps
43．A．simple B．important C．attractive D．expensive
44．A．printed B．advertised C．played D．lost
45．A．favor B．honor C．damage D．advice
46．A．better B．sicker C．worse D．heavier
47．A．started B．wanted C．hated D．disliked
48．A．in sight of B．by means of C．by way of D．in hope of
49．A．sell B．store C．share D．hide
50．A．exam B．dream C．story D．night
51．A．quiet B．noisy C．dangerous D．safe
52．A．kind B．polite C．smart D．energetic
53．A．watched B．emptied C．filled D．discovered
54．A．driving aroundB．walking off C．playing by D．looking about
55．A．promise B．difference C．plan D．rule
【答案】
41．C 42．B 43．D 44．B 45．C 46．A 47．B 48．D 49．A 50．C
51．D 52．A 53．C 54．A 55．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者和女儿发生车祸后买车的过程。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我出了车祸，需要尽快买一辆新车，但我没有积蓄。A. chance机会；B.
fortune财富；C. accident事故；D. seat座位。根据后文的“needed to get a new car as quickly as possible”可知，作者需要尽快买一辆新车，可推知作者以前的车不能用了，因为发生了交通事故。car accident意为
“车祸”，为固定短语。故选C项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我出了车祸，需要尽快买一辆新车，但我没有积蓄。A. feelings感受；B.
savings储蓄；C. activities活动；D. maps地图。根据前文的“needed to get a new car as quickly as possible”
可知，作者需要尽快买一辆新车。由空前表示转折的连词“but”可知，空后想说作者买不起，即作者没有
积蓄。故选B项。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些天一切都更贵了，所以我看到一些车的价格在5000美元左右，但后
来我发现一辆广告上的价格是4000美元。A. simple简单的；B. important重要的；C. attractive 吸引人
的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据前文的“so I saw some cars for around $5000”可知，所以作者看到了一些售
价5000美元左右的车，加上作者没有积蓄，觉得现在一切都比以前昂贵了许多。故选D项。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些天一切都更贵了，所以我看到一些车的价格在5000美元左右，但后来
我发现一辆广告上的价格是4000美元。A. printed打印；B. advertised做广告；C. played玩；D. lost丢失。
根据前文的“so I saw some cars for around $ 5000 but then I found one 4000”和后文的“for $ 4000”可知，有
一辆便宜的车被做广告，车要价4000美元。故选B项。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这辆新车有一些损坏，只有一把钥匙，但它有动力锁、转向装置、窗户、
新轮胎和安全气囊，所以它比我的旧车好多了。A. favor赞成；B. honor荣誉；C. damage损坏；D. advice
劝告。根据后文的“it has power locks, steering (转向装置) an windows, newer tyres and safely airbags”可知，
这辆车不错，且由空后的表示转折关系的连词“but”可知but前是车的毛病，结合选项，只有damage和车
的毛病有关。故选C项。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这辆新车有一些损坏，只有一把钥匙，但它有动力锁、转向装置、窗
户、新轮胎和安全气囊，所以它比我的旧车好多了。A. better更好；B. sicker病情较重的；C. worse 更糟
的；D. heavier更重的。根据前文的“it has power locks, steering (转向装置) an windows, newer tyres and
safely airbags”可知，这辆车配置很好，所以比作者的车更好。故选A项。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：试驾之后，我说我想买它。A. started启动；B. wanted想要；C. hated讨
厌；D. disliked不喜欢。根据前文的“so it is much 6 than my old car”可知，作者喜欢这辆车，想要买这辆
车。故选B项。
48．考查介词短语辨析。句意：卖家理查德说，他只要我付3500美元，因为我们是合适的人，希望买它。
A. in sight of看见；B. ；By means of通过；C. ；By way of通过；D. in hope of希望。根据前文的“wanted
me to pay $3500”可知，车主觉得作者是希望买车的合适人选。故选D项。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说，他曾与一些要求他把它卖给他们的人有过一些糟糕的互动。A. sell
出售；B. store储存；C. share共享；D. hide隐藏。根据前文的“The seller, Richard, said that he only wanted
me to pay $3500 as we are the right people 8 buying it. He said he’d had some terrible interactions with people”可
知，这句话中的he指的是卖车的Richard，所以人们希望他卖车给他们。故选A项。
50．10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是一个11岁孩子的单亲家长，我想他被我可爱活泼的女儿和她讲述
的我们发生事故并且汽车感觉不再安全了的故事深深打动了。A. exam考试；B. dream梦；C. story故事；
D. night夜。根据前文的“I think he was very taken by my lovely and lively girl”可知，空前的her指的是作者
的女儿。根据后文的“how we had had an accident”可知，这是女儿的故事。故选C项。51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是一个11岁孩子的单亲家长，我想他被我可爱活泼的女儿和她讲述的
我们发生事故并且汽车感觉不再安全了的故事深深打动了。A. quiet安静的；B. noisy嘈杂的；C. dangerous
危险的；D. safe安全的。根据前文的“I had a car 1 ”可知，作者和女儿发生了交通事故，故感觉车不再安
全了。故选D项。
52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我付了钱，第二天他好心地把车开了过来。A. kind友善的；B. polite礼
貌的；C. smart聪明的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据后文的“drive it over”可知，他把车开了过来，故他
人很好。故选A项。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他告诉我，他付了3个月的注册费，加满了油箱，给我买了一把新钥
匙！A. watched看着；B. emptied清空；C. filled填充；D. discovered发现。根据前文的“I paid the money
and the next day he was 12 enough to drive it over. Then he told me that he’d paid 3 months registration (登记)”
可知，他人很好。且根据空后的“the tank”可知，他加满了油箱。故选C项。
54．考查动词短语辨析。句意：A. driving around到处开车；B. walking off离开；C. playing by在……旁玩
耍；D. looking about环顾四周。根据前文的“I paid the money and the next day he was 12 enough to drive
it over.”可知，作者买了这辆车，故开车出去。故选A项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给我们的生活带来了巨大的改变！A. promise承诺；B. difference差异；
C. plan计划；D. rule规则。make a difference意为“起（重要）作用，有影响”。根据前文的“feeling so
safe and happy”可知，作者和女儿买到车后很开心，故Richard对作者和女儿影响很大。故选B项。
5. （广东省六校2023-2024学年高三联考试题）
Dressed up as Captain America for parades occasionally, Timothy White could have saved the day with his
shield (盾牌) if he were the superhero. But in real life, when he saw trouble this September afternoon, he wasn’t
wearing his 21 and couldn’t depend on superpowers.
White was driving home in Harrisburg when he noticed something hard to 22 . A truck on the
opposite side of the street was moving from side to side uncontrollably and the driver appeared to be 23
. Referred to as Captain Harrisburg, White had to stop that 24 before accidents.
Having made a U-turn, White faced the same 25 as the truck and tried to overtake. No luck with
the heavy traffic. 26 , Captain Harrisburg ran like crazy to catch up with the truck and leaped in
through its open window. The man behind the 27 , 64-year-old Todd DeAngelis, was barely conscious
and quite 28 by a stranger near him. White took 29 of the stick shift and forced the truck
to park. DeAngelis, a diabetic (糖尿病患者), said he was not well. White 30 down a police officer. An
ambulance 31 DeAngelis to a hospital, where it was 32 that had his blood sugar gone
lower, things could have been much worse. After his 33 , DeAngelis credited White with saving his
life.
White’s actions that day were not out of 34 . He ran a nonprofit and he once tried to save people
on fire. He was from playing a 35 to becoming one in real life.
21．A．belt B．costume C．mask D．uniform
22．A．spot B．recall C．miss D．forgive23．A．asleep B．alarmed C．calm D．cheerful
24．A．trick B．survivor C．player D．vehicle
25．A．direction B．fact C．task D．danger
26．A．Speeding up B．Hurrying back C．Pulling over D．Rolling out
27．A．seat B．wheel C．window D．door
28．A．annoyed B．surprised C．inspired D．amused
29．A．hold B．care C．account D．possession
30．A．knocked B．turned C．set D．flagged
31．A．pointed B．signaled C．rushed D．dragged
32．A．determined B．discussed C．celebrated D．preferred
33．A．injury B．training C．recovery D．retirement
34．A．gratitude B．character C．kindness D．date
35．A．captain B．policeman C．doctor D．superhero
【答案】
21．B 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．A 26．C 27．B 28．B 29．A 30．D
31．C 32．A 33．C 34．B 35．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述Timothy White救助卡车司机的故事。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在现实生活中，这个九月的下午，当他看到麻烦时，他没有穿着他的服
装，也不能依靠超能力。A. belt皮带，腰带；B. costume服装；C. mask面具；D. uniform制服。上文
“Dressed up as Captain America”提到Timothy White经常打扮成美国队长，此处指那天他看到麻烦时没有
穿着美国队长的服装，故选B。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：White在哈里斯堡开车回家时，注意到一件难以忽视的事情。A. spot看
见；B. recall回忆起；C. miss错过，未察觉；D. forgive原谅。根据“he noticed something”以及下文对事情
的描述可知，White注意到一件难以忽视的事情，故选C。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：街道对面的一辆卡车无法控制地左右移动，司机似乎睡着了。A. asleep
睡着的；B. alarmed担心的；C. calm镇静的；D. cheerful快乐的。根据“A truck on the opposite side of the
street was moving from side to side uncontrollably”可知，车辆不受控制，司机似乎是睡着了，故选A。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：White被称为哈里斯堡上尉，他不得不在事故发生前使那辆车停下。A.
trick戏法；B. survivor幸存者；C. player运动员；D. vehicle车辆。上文提到一辆卡车无法控制地左右移
动，此处指White要逼停那辆车，否则会发生危险，故选D。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：White做了一个u型转弯，面对着与卡车相同的方向，试图超车。A.
direction方向；B. fact事实；C. task任务；D. danger危险。根据上文“A truck on the opposite side of the
street”和本句中“Having made a U-turn”可知，卡车原本在相反的方向，White做了一个u型转弯后应是和
卡车同向而行，故选A。
26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：哈里斯堡上尉把车停在路边，疯狂地跑上卡车，从开着的窗户跳了进去。
A. Speeding up加速；B. Hurrying back赶回去； C. Pulling over靠路边停车；D. Rolling out展开。根据下文
“Captain Harrisburg ran like crazy to catch up with the truck”可知，White把车停在路边，疯狂奔跑去追车，故选C。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：64岁的Todd DeAngelis坐在驾驶座上，几乎没有意识，他对身边的陌生人
感到非常惊讶。A. seat座位；B. wheel车轮，方向盘 ；C. window窗户；D. door门。根据空后“64-year-
old Todd DeAngelis, was barely conscious”可知，此处是描述卡车司机的情况，behind the wheel开车，在驾
驶，固定短语，故选B。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. annoyed生气的，恼怒的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. inspired受到启
发的；D. amused好笑的，逗乐的。根据空后“by a stranger near him”可知，开车时身边出现一个陌生人，
司机应是惊讶，故选B。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：White握住变速杆，迫使卡车停了下来。A. hold拿，抓；B. care护理，照
顾； C. account解释，说明；D. possession拥有。根据“forced the truck to park”可知，White握住变速杆，
迫使卡车停了下来，take hold of握住，控制住，固定短语，故选A。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：White拦住了一名警察。A. knocked敲；B. turned翻转；C. set设置；D.
flagged标示，变弱。结合上文“DeAngelis, a diabetic (糖尿病患者), said he was not well.(DeAngelis有糖尿
病，他说自己不舒服)”可知，司机不舒服，White应是拦住了一名警察求助，flag down挥手拦下，固定短
语，故选D。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一辆救护车将DeAngelis紧急送往医院，在那里，医生确定，如果他的血
糖再低一些，情况可能会更糟。A. pointed指向；B. signaled发信号，显示；C. rushed冲；D. dragged拖，
拽。根据语境及“where it was _____12_____ that had his blood sugar gone lower, things could have been much
worse”可知，情况紧急，应是一辆救护车将DeAngelis紧急送往医院，故选C。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. determined决定，确定；B. discussed讨论；C. celebrated庆祝；D.
preferred更喜欢。根据空后“had his blood sugar gone lower, things could have been much worse”可知，这是
医生检查后确定的结论，故选A。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：康复后，DeAngelis称赞White救了他的命。A. injury伤害；B. training训
练；C. recovery康复，恢复；D. retirement退休。上文提到DeAngelis被紧急送往医院，结合空后
“DeAngelis credited White with saving his life”可知，DeAngelis应是康复后称赞White救了他的命，故选
C。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：White那天的行为并不违背他的性格。A. gratitude感激；B. character性
格；C. kindness善良；D. date日期。根据下文“He ran a nonprofit and he once tried to save people on fire.(他
经营着一个非营利组织，他曾经试图拯救着火的人)”可知，White乐于助人，所以救DeAngelis这件事符合
他的性格，out of character不符合……的性格/特点，故选B。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从扮演超级英雄变成了现实生活中的超级英雄。A. captain船长，队长；
B. policeman警察；C. doctor医生；D. superhero超级英雄。根据文章内容，结合文章首句“Dressed up as
Captain America for parades occasionally, Timothy White could have saved the day with his shield (盾牌) if he
were the superhero.(Timothy White偶尔会打扮成美国队长参加游行，如果他是超级英雄，他可以用他的盾
牌拯救世界)”可知，Timothy White偶尔扮成超级英雄，此处指他从扮演超级英雄变成了现实生活中的超级
英雄，故选D。6.（广东省揭阳市普宁一中2023-2024学年高三试题）
When our neighbor’s 94-year-old father passed away, his mother moved in with them. She 21 a home
full of canned goods. Later, the women’s group in our community 22 that anyone in need of home canning
supplies could come to the 23 and take what was available. The contents were too old to eat, but the jars
could be 24 .
I was a new canner with not much 25 but a desire to do more, so our family set out to 26
supplies. When we 27 , we found three decades of frugality (节俭) and preparedness. In the basement of the
home was a storehouse of 28 and canned home-grown foods. Different-sized jars were filled with decades
of autumn’s harvests. 29 from those shelves were jams, vegetables, fruit, beans, juice, and smoked fish.
30 , for our family to make use of the jars, the fruits of harvests past had to be 31 . I carried the
jars to the backyard, my wife 32 them and emptied their contents, my older son cleaned them out and my
daughter kept the baby 33 . That evening I 34 sanitizing (消毒) the glass jars.
On that day, we filled our vehicle with jars, but more 35 , we filled our family with lessons of life. I am
grateful for the good examples of our neighbors.
21．A．came across B．heard about C．left behind D．held back
22．A．announced B．admitted C．predicted D．pretended
23．A．shelter B．house C．restaurant D．park
24．A．essential B．powerful C．familiar D．useful
25．A．effort B．energy C．equipment D．pressure
26．A．buy B．deliver C．witness D．collect
27．A．gathered B．slid C．arrived D．escaped
28．A．stolen B．preserved C．baked D．damaged
29．A．Looking down B．Showing off C．Turning up D．Breaking away
30．A．Hopefully B．Finally C．Expectedly D．Unfortunately
31．A．shared B．frozen C．protected D．removed
32．A．packed B．opened C．painted D．repaired
33．A．entertained B．annoyed C．frightened D．bathed
34．A．laughed at B．referred to C．stayed up D．applied for
35．A．strictly B．significantly C．urgently D．amazingly
【答案】
21．C 22．A 23．B 24．D 25．C 26．D 27．C 28．B 29．A 30．D
31．D 32．B 33．A 34．C 35．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者邻居的母亲搬走后，家里留下了许多灌装食品，然后作者
一家人去邻居家收集罐子的故事。
21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她留下了一屋子罐头食品。A. came across偶遇；B. heard about听说；C.
left behind留下；D. held back抑制。根据上文“When our neighbor’s 94-year-old father passed away, his
mother moved in with them.(我们邻居94岁的父亲去世后，他的母亲搬去和他们住在一起)”可知，作者邻居的母亲搬走了，所以应该是“留下”一屋子罐头食品。故选C项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，我们社区的妇女团体宣布，任何需要家用罐头用品的人都可以到这
个房子里来拿。A. announced宣布；B. admitted承认；C. predicted预测；D. pretended假装。根据下文“
anyone in need of home canning supplies could come to(任何需要家用罐头用品的人都可以来)”可知，这应该
是是我们社区“宣布”的内容。故选A项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. shelter遮蔽物；B. house房子；C. restaurant餐馆；D. park公园。
分析句意再根据上文的home可知，此处用house与上文呼应。故选B项。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：里面的东西太旧了，不能吃，但这些罐子可能是有用的。A. essential重
要的；B. powerful强大的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. useful有用的。根据but可知，此处上下文是转折关系，
所以此处指虽然食物不能吃了，但罐子可能是“有用的”。故选D项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是一个新开罐头厂的人，没有太多的设备，但我想做更多的事情，所以
我们全家开始收集物资。A. effort努力；B. energy精力；C. equipment设备；D. pressure压力。根据上文“I
was a new canner(我是一个新的罐头制造商)”可知，此处是指没有太多“设备”。故选C项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. buy买；B. deliver递送；C. witness目睹；D. collect收集。根据
上文“a desire to do more(想要做更多的事情)”可知，此处是指要开始行动起来“收集”物资。故选D项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们到达时，我们发现了三十年的节俭和准备的物品。在家里的地下室
里有一个仓库，里面存放着自制的腌制食品和罐头食品。A. gathered聚集；B. slid滑落；C. arrived到达；
D. escaped逃跑。根据下文“we found three decades of frugality (节俭) and preparedness.(我们发现了三十年的
节俭和准备的物品)”可知，这应该是到达后发现的，所以此处指当我们“到达时”。故选C项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. stolen偷盗；B. preserved保存；C. baked烘焙；D. damaged破
坏。根据上文的storehouse可知，仓库里面应该是“保存”着一些食品。故选B项。
29．考查动词短语辨析。句意：从架子上往下看，有果酱、蔬菜、水果、豆类、果汁和熏鱼。A. Looking
down向下看；B. Showing off 炫耀；C. Turning up调高；D. Breaking away脱离。分析句意再根据下文的
those shelves可知，此处是指从架子上“往下看”，看到了好多东西。故选A项。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，为了让我们家利用这些罐子，过去收获的果实不得不被移走。
A. Hopefully有希望地；B. Finally最后；C. Expectedly预期地；D. Unfortunately不幸地。根据下文“our
family to make use of the jars(我们家开始利用这些罐子)”可知，我们要利用罐子，就要把罐子里的东西处理
掉，所以此处是指“不幸的是”。故选D项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. shared分享；B. frozen冻结；C. protected保护；D. removed移
开。根据上文第4题的分析可知，里面的东西太旧了，不能吃，但这些罐子可能是有用的，所以需要“移
走”罐子里的东西。故选D项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把罐子搬到后院，妻子打开罐子，把里面的东西倒出来，大儿子把罐子
清理干净，女儿逗孩子开心。A. packed打包；B. opened打开；C. painted绘画；D. repaired修理。根据下
文“emptied their contents(清空他们的内容)”可知，清空罐子，需要先“打开”罐子。故选B项。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. entertained愉快的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. frightened受惊的；
D. bathed淋漓的。根据空前“my daughter kept the baby”可知，应该是女儿在哄孩子高兴，即保持孩子“愉
快”。故选A项。34．考查动词短语辨析。句意：那天晚上，那天晚上我熬夜给玻璃罐子消毒。A. laughed at嘲笑； B.
referred to参考；C. stayed up熬夜；D. applied for申请。根据空格前的evening可知，应该是晚上“熬夜”
给玻璃罐子消毒。故选C项。
35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在那一天，我们用罐子装满了我们的车，但更重要的是，我们给我们的家
庭带来了人生的教训。A. strictly严格地；B. significantly重要地；C. urgently迫切地；D. amazingly令人惊
讶地。根据下文“we filled our family with lessons of life.(我们让家庭充满了人生的教训)”可知，此处是指
“更重要的是”。故选B项。
7.（2023-2024高三·山东聊城·期末）
I had not visited Eton for many years. When one day passing from the Fellows’ Library into the Gallery, I
caught sight of the 1 of my school friend Digby Dolben hanging just without the door among our most
2 contemporaries. I was 3 arrested and as I stood gazing on it, my 4 asked me if I knew
who it was. I was thinking that I must be almost the only person who would know him. Far 5 of my
boyhood were crowding 6 upon me: he was standing again beside me in the eager promise of his youth.
This portrait-gallery of old Etonians is very 7 : outstanding distinction of birth or excellent qualities
may win you a place there. 8 , how came Dolben there? It was 9 he was a poet; and yet his
poems were not known. They were carefully 10 by his family and a few friends. Indeed, such of his
poems as could have come to the eyes of the authorities who approved of this memorial would not 11
it. There was another 12 — the portrait bears its own certification. Though you might not perhaps
understand the poet in it, you can see the soul immersed in deep thought, the habit of stainless (无瑕的) life, of
13 , of enthusiasm for high ideals. Such a being must have 14 remarkably among his fellows.
When his early death endeared (使价值更高) his memory, loving grief would generously 15 him the
glory which he had never worn.
1．A．statue B．character C．portrait D．theme
2．A．valuable B．distinguished C．familiar D．gracious
3．A．wholly B．partly C．curiously D．secretly
4．A．peers B．chairman C．leader D．companion
5．A．judgment B．thought C．memories D．behaviour
6．A．hurriedly B．freshly C．anxiously D．eagerly
7．A．selective B．splendid C．handsome D．challenging
8．A．Yet B．Therefore C．Thus D．However
9．A．because B．why C．that D．what
10．A．observed B．captured C．illustrated D．guarded
11．A．operate B．promote C．justify D．permit
12．A．appreciation B．reason C．cause D．effect
13．A．devotion B．ambition C．imagination D．symbol
14．A．brought about B．stood for C．stood out D．brought in15．A．interpret B．grant C．appoint D．identify
【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．A 10．D 11．C
12．B 13．A 14．C 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者回到多年未到访的伊顿学校，偶然经过图书馆进入画廊时，看
到了他的校友迪格比·多尔本的肖像挂在门外，和同时代最杰出的人在一起，这让作者感到困惑。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当我从研究员图书馆走进画廊时，我看到了我的同学迪格比·多尔
本的肖像，就挂在门外，和我们同时代最杰出的人在一起。A. statue雕像；B. character角色；C. portrait肖
像；D. theme主题。根据下文“hanging”和“This portrait-gallery of old Etonians is very 7 : outstanding
distinction of birth or excellent qualities may win you a place there.”可知，作者看到的是同学的肖像挂在画廊
墙上。故选C项。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当我从研究员图书馆走进画廊时，我看到了我的同学迪格比·多
尔本的肖像，就挂在门外，和我们同时代最杰出的人在一起。A. valuable有价值的；B. distinguished杰出
的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. gracious优雅的。结合常识和下文“This portrait-gallery of old Etonians is very 7
: outstanding distinction of birth or excellent qualities may win you a place there.”可知，伊顿学校肖像画廊
挂的都是杰出的人士的肖像。故选B项。
3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我完全被吸引住了，我站在那里凝视着它，我的同伴问我是否知道这是
谁。A. wholly完全地；B. partly部分地；C. curiously好奇地；D. secretly秘密地。根据下文“I stood gazing
on it”可知，作者完全被其吸引并驻足凝视。故选A项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我完全被吸引住了，我站在那里凝视着它，我的同伴问我是否知道这是
谁。A. peers同龄人；B. chairman主席；C. leader领导者；D. companion同伴。根据下文“asked me if I
knew who it was”可知，是同行的其他同伴问作者。故选D项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：童年时代的遥远记忆鲜活地涌上我的心头，他又站在我身边，热切地承诺
着他的青春。A. judgment判断；B. thought思想；C. memories回忆，记忆；D. behaviour行为。根据下文
“my boyhood were crowding 6 upon me: he was standing again beside me in the eager promise of his youth.”可
知，作者回想起往事，记忆涌上心头。故选C项。
6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：童年时代的遥远记忆鲜活地涌上我的心头，他又站在我身边，热切地承诺
着他的青春。A. hurriedly匆忙地；B. freshly新鲜地；C. anxiously焦虑地；D. eagerly渴望地。根据下文
“he was standing again beside me in the eager promise of his youth”可知，作者对当年的格比·多尔本记忆犹
新。故选B项。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个伊顿公学老校友的肖像画廊是非常挑剔的：杰出的出身或优秀的品
质可能为你赢得一席之地。A. selective严格筛选的；B. splendid壮丽的；C. handsome英俊的；D.
challenging具有挑战性的。根据下文“outstanding distinction of birth or excellent qualities may win you a place
there”可知，只有具有杰出的出身或优秀的品质的人的肖像才能进入肖像画廊，所以肖像画廊是严格筛选
的，非常挑剔。故选A项。
8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，多尔本怎么会出现在这里呢? A. Yet然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Thus
因此；D. However然而。根据下文“how came Dolben there?”可知，作者对多尔本的肖像挂在这里有疑问，上下文有转折关系。故选D项。
9．考查连词词义辨析。句意：那是因为他是个诗人；然而他的诗却不为人所知。A. because因为；B. why
为什么；C. that那个；D. what什么。上文“how came Dolben there?”提出疑问，“he was a poet”下文解释
原因，用because引导表语从句，表示原因。故选A项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们被他的家人和几个朋友小心地守护着。A. observed观察；B. captured
捕捉；C. illustrated说明；D. guarded守护。根据上文“and yet his poems were not known”可知，知道多尔本
的诗的人并不多，所以只有他的家人和几个为数不多的朋友守护着他的诗歌。故选D项。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，即使他的诗能够进入那些批准这个纪念的权威人士的眼睛，这也
不能成为正当理由。A. operate操作；B. promote促进；C. justify是……的正当理由；D. permit允许。根据
上文“and yet his poems were not known. They were carefully 10 by his family and a few friends.”可知，多
尔本的诗受众很少，不能成为他的肖像被挂在肖像画廊的正当理由。故选C项。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有一个原因——这幅画像有自己的证明。A. appreciation欣赏；B. reason
原因；C. cause起因，理由；D. effect效果。根据下文“the portrait bears its own certification”可知，这是另
一个原因。故选B项。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然你可能不理解其中的诗人，但你可以看到沉浸在深刻思考中的灵魂，
纯洁生活的习惯，奉献精神，对崇高理想的热情。A. devotion奉献；B. ambition抱负；C. imagination想象
力；D. symbol象征。根据句中“the soul immersed in deep thought”和“enthusiasm for high ideals”可推知，
多尔本追求崇高理想，有奉献精神。故选A项。
14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这样一个人在他的同伴中一定很突出。A. brought about导致；B. stood for
代表；C. stood out突出；D. brought in引进。根据上文“you can see the soul immersed in deep thought, the
habit of stainless ( 无瑕的 ) life, of 13 , of enthusiasm for high ideals.”可推知，多尔本是一个在人群中突
颖而出的人。故选C项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的英年早逝使对他怀念价值更高，充满爱心的悲痛慷慨地给予他从未享
有过的荣耀。A. interpret解释；B. grant授予，给予；C. appoint任命；D. identify识别。根据“the glory”可
知，给予荣耀。故选B项。
8.（2023-2024高三·江苏·阶段练习）
In the summer of 2018, I decided to do a solo expedition (独自探险) across Antarctica. To get some 16
, I did a two-week training course. I learned all the 17 : how to camp in the snow, how to pull a sled and
what clothing to wear. In October, I flew to Antarctica from Punta Arenas. I’d allowed 70 days, which would make
it the longest 18 one-way expedition across Antarctica
I only took 19 . I didn’t even take a hairbrush. The first few days were 20 . The winds were
about 60 mph, and my sled weighed 120 kg. Even if the visibility is good, you can’t 21 much — it’s a
white horizon. I was on the move for 13 to 15 hours a day.
Then, I found the conditions to be much worse. There was more sastrugi (雪脊) and it felt colder. The last 40
hours were really hard. I 22 about 14 times every two hours. As a result, I fell behind 23 . In
the end, I 24 922 miles and fell more than 100 miles short of my goal. Towards the end of my trip, ahelicopter flew to pick me up. The 25 I felt when I saw the dot in the distance was unbelievable.
It took me a while to be 26 of what I’d achieved, because I had failed to reach my 27
goal, but I’ve learned it’s 28 to move the goalposts. I don’t agree with the idea of conquering (征服)
somewhere. You treat places with 29 and hope they’ll allow you 30 passage.
16．A．donation B．experience C．attention D．rescue
17．A．basics B．risks C．benefits D．aids
18．A．cooperative B．romantic C．unsupported D．abnormal
19．A．companions B．necessities C．cashes D．credits
20．A．pleasant B．calm C．tough D．lucky
21．A．talk B．hear C．feel D．see
22．A．fell over B．dropped out C．looked away D．put up
23．A．fundraising B．supply C．schedule D．homework
24．A．measured B．designed C．searched D．covered
25．A．burden B．relief C．pain D．anxiety
26．A．proud B．skeptical C．shy D．ashamed
27．A．insignificant B．unbearable C．disturbing D．initial
28．A．regrettable B．unnecessary C．acceptable D．inappropriate
29．A．respect B．courage C．carelessness D．coldness
30．A．narrow B．safe C．limited D．challenging
【答案】
16．B 17．A 18．C 19．B 20．C 21．D 22．A 23．C 24．D 25．B
26．A 27．D 28．C 29．A 30．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者2018年穿越南极洲的单人探险，一路上遇到了很多困难，
虽然最后没有达到最初的目标，但作者还是为自己感到骄傲。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了获得一些经验，我参加了一个为期两周的培训课程。A. donation捐
赠；B. experience经历；C. attention注意力；D. rescue救援。根据后文“I did a two-week training course”可
知，参加培训课程是为了获得经验。故选B。
17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我学会了所有的基本知识：如何在雪地里露营，如何拉雪橇以及穿什么衣
服。A. basics基础；B. risks风险；C. benefits利益；D. aids帮助。后文“how to camp in the snow, how to
pull a sled and what clothing to wear”是作者学到的基本知识。故选A。
18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我安排了70天的时间，这将使它成为穿越南极洲最长的无支持的单程探
险A. cooperative合作的；B. romantic浪漫的；C. unsupported无支持的；D. abnormal反常的。呼应上文
“do a solo expedition”作者是独自去的，所以无支持。故选C。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只带了必需品。A. companions同伴；B. necessities必需品；C. cashes现
金；D. credits信用。根据后文“I didn’t even take a hairbrush.(我甚至都没带梳子)”可知，作者只带了必需品
上路。故选B。
20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最初的几天很难熬。A. pleasant令人愉快的；B. calm平静的；C. tough艰难的；D. lucky幸运的。根据后文“The winds were about 60mph, and my sled weighed 120kg.(风速约为每
小时60英里，我的雪橇重达120公斤)”可知，一开始很困难，风速约为每小时60英里，雪橇重达120公
斤。故选C。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使能见度很好，你也看不见很多东西——这是一片白色的地平线。A.
talk谈话；B. hear听见；C. feel感觉；D. see看见。上文“Even if the visibility is good”提到了能见度，对应
的是看到东西，故选D。
22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我每两个小时摔倒14次。A. fell over摔倒；B. dropped out辍学；C. looked
away转移目光；D. put up放置。上文“Then, I found the conditions to be much worse.”提到了情况更糟糕
了，结合上文提到风速大，视野差，说明作者经常摔倒，选项中fell over符合语境。故选A。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果，我落后于计划。A. fundraising资金筹集；B. supply供给量；C.
schedule计划；D. homework家庭作业。根据后文“fell more than 100 miles short of my goal”可知，作者落后
于计划了。故选C。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我走了922英里，离我的目标还差100多英里。A. measured测量；
B. designed设计；C. searched搜索；D. covered覆盖，行走。根据后文“922 miles”表示走了多少距离，应
用动词cover。故选D。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到远处的那个点时，我感到难以置信的宽慰。A. burden负担；B.
relief安慰；C. pain痛苦；D. anxiety焦虑。根据后文“I felt when I saw the dot in the distance was
unbelievable”可知，作者到达了终点，所以是感到宽慰。故选B。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我花了一段时间才为我所取得的成就感到自豪，因为我没有达到我最初
的目标，但我知道改变目标是可以接受的。A. proud骄傲的；B. skeptical怀疑的；C. shy害羞的；D.
ashamed羞愧的。根据后文“of what I’d achieved”指为取得的成就感到自豪，应用be proud of。故选A。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我花了一段时间才为我所取得的成就感到自豪，因为我没有达到我最初
的目标，但我知道改变目标是可以接受的。A. insignificant不重要的；B. unbearable难以忍受的；C.
disturbing令人不安的；D. initial最初的。根据上文“because I had failed to reach my”以及后文提到了改变目
标可以接受，说明作者没能达到最初的目标。故选D。
28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我花了一段时间才为我所取得的成就感到自豪，因为我没有达到我最初
的目标，但我知道改变目标是可以接受的。A. regrettable后悔的；B. unnecessary不必要的；C. acceptable
可接受的；D. inappropriate不合适的。上文“It took me a while to be 11 of what I’d achieved, because I had
failed to reach my 12 goal, but I’ve learned it’s”中but表示转折，说明虽然没有达到最初目标，但指导改变
目标也是可以接受的。故选C。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你以尊重的态度对待每个地方，希望它们能让你安全通行。A. respect尊
重；B. courage勇气；C. carelessness粗心；D. coldness寒冷。根据上文“I don’t agree with the idea of
conquering somewhere.(我不同意征服某个地方的想法)”可知，作者认为要尊重对待每个地方。故选A。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你以尊重的态度对待每个地方，希望它们能让你安全通行。A. narrow狭
窄的；B. safe安全的；C. limited有限的；D. challenging挑战性的。根据上文“hope they’ll allow you”指尊
重每一个地方，他们才能让你安全通行。故选B。9.（2023-2024高三·重庆·阶段练习）
In China, having a portrait of the deceased at the funeral holds great signifcance. Wu Muliang, a 24-year-old
from East Chinas Fujian province, took on the responsibility of 31 funeral portraits for his fellow
villagers.
32 , taking funeral portraits for the elders was not part of Wu’s plan when he first decided to return to
the village. He embarked on this task 33 . With a background in the new media industry, Wu was
originally looking to make videos centered around agriculture and rural areas — topics that were 34 both
on social media and at the state level.
35 by his grandparents until the third grade of primary school, Wu saw them only once or twice a
year thereafter. Wu’s grandfather passed away nine years ago. At that time, the family couldn’t find a 36
funeral portrait for him, and it has always been a(n) 37 for the whole family. The elderly, especially those
in rural areas, 38 have their pictures taken and most of them have to use the one from their ID card. When
Wu’s grandma asked him to take a funeral portrait for her, he was a little 39 . However, when he saw her
getting excited while 40 the dress for the photo shoot, he changed his mind.
In his small philanthropic (慈善的) photo booth, Wu took funeral portraits not just for his grandmother, but
also for more than a dozen other elderly villagers. While taking these portraits, Wu also 41 some
behind-the-scenes moments. He made these moments into videos and posted them online, which have now
exceeded 4 million 42 on the video-sharing platform Bilibili. Many people left comments, saying that
the videos reminded them of their own 43 .
Wu was glad that he could help others and make 44 impacts. “I hope to do more to help 45
the memories of the elders in the village.” He said.
31．A．painting B．capturing C．hanging D．printing
32．A．Therefore B．Otherwise C．However D．Instead
33．A．coincidentally B．purposefully C．enthusiastically D．helpfully
34．A．controversial B．heavy C．modest D．trendy
35．A．Cared B．Brought C．Guided D．Raised
36．A．proper B．true C．whole D．vivid
37．A．comfort B．annoyance C．regret D．worry
38．A．frequently B．rarely C．normally D．usually
39．A．nervous B．sympathetic C．upset D．relieved
40．A．choosing from B．picking out C．dealing with D．trying out
41．A．created B．cherished C．enjoyed D．recorded
42．A．views B．readings C．observations D．donations
43．A．contacts B．grandparents C．friends D．cousins
44．A．efficient B．necessary C．full D．positive
45．A．recall B．preserve C．shape D．waken
【答案】31．B 32．C 33．A 34．D 35．D 36．A 37．C 38．B 39．C 40．B
41．D 42．A 43．B 44．D 45．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了吴木良回到家乡为村民拍摄葬礼遗照的经历，展现了他的成
长、改变和善良品质。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：24岁的吴木良来自中国东部福建省，他负责为他的村民拍摄葬礼遗照。A.
painting绘画；B. capturing捕获、拍摄；C. hanging悬挂；D. printing印刷。根据下文“taking funeral
portraits for the elders was not part of Wu’s plan when he first decided to return to the village.”可知，吴木良是为
村民拍摄葬礼上的遗照。故选B。
32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当他第一次决定返回村庄时，为长辈拍摄葬礼遗照并不是他计划的
一部分。A. Therefore因此；B. Otherwise要不然；C. However然而；D. Instead反而、代替。根据第一段内
容可知，吴木良为老人们拍遗照；而根据空后“taking funeral portraits for the elders was not part of Wu’s plan
when he first decided to return to the village.”可知，这并不是吴木良回到家乡的初衷。上下文之间存在转折关
系。故选C。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他巧合地开始了这项任务。A. coincidentally巧合地；B. purposefully故意
地；C. enthusiastically热情地；D. helpfully有用地。根据上文“taking funeral portraits for the elders was not
part of Wu’s plan when he first decided to return to the village.”可知，吴木良为老人们拍遗照并不是他回到家
乡的初衷；再根据下文“When Wu’s grandma asked him to take a funeral portrait for her, he was a
little____9____.”可知，他帮老人拍遗照源于自己的祖母的一次要求，所以是非常巧合地开始了这项任务。
故选A。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为新媒体行业的从业人员，吴木良最初的目标是制作以农业和农村地
区为中心的视频——这些话题在社交媒体和国家层面都很流行。A. controversial有争议的；B. heavy沉重
的；C. modest谦虚的；D. trendy流行的、赶时髦的。根据上文“Wu was originally looking to make videos
centered around agriculture and rural areas”可知，吴木良最初回到家乡是为了制作以农业和农村地区为中心
的视频，由此可推测，这些话题目前很流行，所以他才特意回到家乡拍摄这些视频。故选D。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从小被祖父母抚养到小学三年级，此后每年只能见到他们一两次。A.
Cared关心；B. Brought带来；C. Guided指引；D. Raised提高、抚养。根据空后“by his grandparents until
the third grade of primary school”可退出，吴木良是由祖父母抚养长大的。故选D。
36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当时，家人无法为他找到合适的葬礼遗照，这一直是全家的遗憾。A.
proper恰当的；B. true真实的；C. whole全部的；D. vivid生动的。根据下文“The elderly, especially those in
rural areas,____8____have their pictures taken and most of them have to use the one from their ID card.”以及他心
中的遗憾可知，祖父去世时，家中无法为他找到合适的遗照。故选A。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时，家人无法为他找到合适的葬礼遗照，这一直是全家的遗憾。A.
comfort舒适；B. annoyance恼怒；C. regret遗憾、后悔；D. worry担忧。根据上文“At that time, the family
couldn’t find a____6____funeral portrait for him”以及常理可知，祖父的葬礼上没有合适的遗照是家人心中的
遗憾。故选C。
38．考查副词词义辨析。句意：老年人，尤其是农村地区的老年人，很少拍照，他们中的大多数人不得不
使用身份证上的照片。A. frequently频繁；B. rarely几乎不、很少；C. normally通常；D. usually经常。根据下文“most of them have to use the one from their ID card”可知，这些老人过世时，只能用身份证上的照
片，由此可知，他们很少拍照。故选B。
39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当吴木良的奶奶让他为她拍摄葬礼遗照时，他有点难过。A. nervous紧
张的；B. sympathetic同情的；C. upset心烦的、难过的；D. relieved放松的。根据上文“When Wu’s
grandma asked him to take a funeral portrait for her”以及常理可知，当老人让他帮忙拍遗照时，作为晚辈，心
中不免难过心酸。故选C。
40．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，当他看到她在为照片挑选礼服时很兴奋时，他改变了主意。A.
choosing from从中选出；B. picking out挑选；C. dealing with解决；D. trying out试验。根据空后的“the
dress for the photo shoot”可推测，祖母是在为拍照挑选衣服。故选B。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在拍摄这些照片的同时，吴木良还记录了一些幕后的时刻。A. created创
造；B. cherished珍爱；C. enjoyed喜欢、享受；D. recorded记录。根据下文“He made these moments into
videos and posted them online”可知，他在为老人拍遗照的时候，还将幕后的时刻记录下来，然后将那些时
刻做成视频发布到网上。故选D。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他将这些瞬间制作成视频并发布到网上，目前视频分享平台哔哩哔哩的播
放量已超过400万次。A. views观点、观看；B. readings读物；C. observations评论；D. donations捐赠。根
据下文“on the video-sharing platform Bilibili”以及“Many people left comments”可推测，视频被观看很多
次。故选A。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多人留言说，这些视频让他们想起了自己的祖父母。A. contacts联系；
B. grandparents祖父母；C. friends朋友；D. cousins堂兄弟、姐妹。根据上文“In his small philanthropic(慈
善的) photo booth, Wu took funeral portraits not just for his grandmother, but also for more than a dozen other
elderly villagers. While taking these portraits, Wu also____11____some behind-the-scenes moments.”可知，他纪
录的是老人们拍遗照的幕后时刻，由此可知，网友们看到视频后想起的是自己的祖父母。故选B。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：吴木良很高兴他能帮助别人并产生积极的影响。A. efficient效率高的；
B. necessary必要的；C. full满的、完全的；D. positive积极的。根据上文“Many people left comments,
saying that the videos reminded them of their own ____13____.”可知，人们觉得他制作的视频让自己想起了自
己的祖父母，由此可知，这些视频产生的是积极的影响。故选D。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我希望做更多的事情来帮助保存村里老人的记忆。”他说。A. recall回
忆；B. preserve保存；C. shape塑造；D. waken唤醒。根据常理可知，遗照可用来帮助保存人们对老人的记
忆。故选B。
10.（辽宁省朝阳市辽宁名校2023-2024学年高三试题）
One day, Tim came home from school. His face was filled with sadness and 21 . His classmate had
said hurtful things to him, 22 Tim to feel upset and discouraged. Listening to Tim, the grandfather, John, sat
him down and listened to his 23 . Then he told Tim a story.
“Once, in a dense forest, there lived an oak tree,” said John. “One day, a fierce storm 24 in the forest.
The winds blew, the rain 25 , and the whole forest shook with fear. Despite the chaos, the oak tree stayed
solid. 26 about the oak tree’s resilience (适应力), a tiny reed in the nearby wetland 27 and asked,“How do you manage to stand firm during the storm? ” The oak tree 28 gently, “Dear reed, I sway (摇
摆)with the wind instead of resisting it. I 29 that storms are a part of life, just as 30 and
misunderstandings are a part of growing up.”
Tim asked his grandfather, “What does this story mean?”
John smiled and said, “In life, we face difficulties and 31 . Stay strong and overcome them with a
positive attitude. Don’t let hurtful words bring you down. They are 32 , like storms. Focus on your
strength and keep moving forward.”
Tim understood and faced 33 at school with bravery. With his grandfather’s guidance, Tim 34
to be a caring and resilient person who inspired others like his grandfather.
The wise grandfather taught his grandson the 35 of resilience, empathy and the ability to
overcome difficulties.
21．A．hope B．confidence C．improvement D．anger
22．A．confusing B．attracting C．causing D．assisting
23．A．dreams B．proposals C．measures D．complaints
24．A．formed B．folded C．floated D．calmed
25．A．survived B．poured C．gathered D．circulated
26．A．Worried B．Serious C．Careful D．Curious
27．A．argued B．expanded C．approached D．spun
28．A．quarrelled B．pressed C．appealed D．replied
29．A．hear B．understand C．doubt D．fear
30．A．patterns B．blanks C．troubles D．talents
31．A．conflicts B．permits C．theories D．voyages
32．A．convincing B．temporary C．direct D．true
33．A．greetings B．accusations C．challenges D．attempts
34．A．grew up B．showed up C．came in D．set off
35．A．root B．importance C．output D．discovery
【答案】
21．D 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．B 26．D 27．C 28．D 29．B 30．C
31．A 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是蒂姆在睿智的祖父教导下认识到适应力、同理心和克服困难的
能力的重要性，最终成长为一个有爱心、有韧性的人。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的脸上充满了悲伤和愤怒。A. hope希望；B. confidence自信；C.
improvement 改善；D. anger生气。根据上文的“with sadness”和下文“His classmate had said hurtful things
to him”可知，anger与sadness匹配，此处指蒂姆的表情是悲伤和生气的。故选D。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的同学对他说了些伤人的话，使蒂姆感到沮丧和沮丧。A. confusing使困
惑；B. attracting吸引；C. causing引起；D. assisting帮助。根据下文“Tim to feel upset and discouraged.”可
知，同学们的行为引起Tim不好的情绪。故选C。23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：听了蒂姆的话，爷爷，约翰，让他坐下来，听他的抱怨。A. dreams梦想；
B. proposals建议；C. measures方法；D. complaints抱怨。根据“His classmate had said hurtful things to him”
和“Tim to feel upset and discouraged.”可知，他向爷爷抱怨自己的委屈。故选D。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，森林里刮起了一场猛烈的风暴。A. formed形成；B. folded折叠；C.
floated漂浮；D. calmed使冷静。根据上文“a fierce storm”可知，森林刮起了风暴，即形成了风暴。故选
A。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：风在刮，雨在下，整个森林都在恐惧中颤抖。A. survived幸存；B. poured
倾倒，倾盆而下；C. gathered聚集；D. circulated循环。根据上文“the rain”可知，天下起了大雨，倾泻而
下。故选B。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：附近湿地上的一棵小芦苇对橡树的坚韧感到好奇，走近问道:“你是如何
在暴风雨中站稳的?”A. Worried担忧的；B. Serious严肃的，认真的；C. Careful细心的；D. Curious好奇
的。根据下文“How do you manage to stand firm during the storm?”可知，小芦苇对橡树的行为充满好奇。故
选D。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：附近湿地上的一棵小芦苇对橡树的坚韧感到好奇，靠近问道:“你是如何在
暴风雨中站稳的?”A. argued辩论；B. expanded扩充，展开；C. approached靠近；D. spun旋转。根据“a
tiny reed in the nearby wetland ”可知，附近的小芦苇由于好奇，靠近橡树询问。故选C。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：橡树温柔地回答:“亲爱的reed，我随风摇摆，而不是抵抗它。”我知道风
暴是生活的一部分，就像烦恼和误解是成长的一部分一样。”A. quarrelled争吵；B. pressed按，压；C.
appealed吸引；D. replied回答。根据下文“Dear reed, I sway (摇摆)with the wind instead of resisting it.”可
知，橡树温柔地回答。故选D。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：橡树温柔地回答:“亲爱的reed，我随风摇摆，而不是抵抗它”我知道风暴
是生活的一部分，就像烦恼和误解是成长的一部分一样。”A. hear听见；B. understand明白，理解；C.
doubt怀疑；D. fear害怕。根据下文“storms are a part of life”可知，我明白了一个道理。故选B。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：橡树温柔地回答：“亲爱的reed，我随风摇摆，而不是抵抗它。”我知道
风暴是生活的一部分，就像烦恼和误解是成长的一部分一样。”A. patterns模式；B. blanks空白；C.
troubles麻烦；D. talents人才，才能。根据下文“misunderstandings are a part of growing up.”可知，此处指
生活中的“麻烦和误解”。故选C。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在生活中，我们面临困难和冲突。A. conflicts冲突；B. permits允许；C.
theories理论；D. voyages航行。根据上文“In life, we face difficulties”可知，conflicts与“困难”构成并
列，此处指生活中的困难和冲突。故选A。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们是暂时的，就像风暴一样。A. convincing令人信服的；B. temporary
临时的，暂时的；C. direct直接的；D. true真实的。根据下文“like storms. Focus on your strength and keep
moving forward.”可知，困难和冲突都是暂时的。故选B。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：蒂姆理解并勇敢地面对学校的挑战。A. greetings问候；B. accusations控
告；C. challenges挑战；D. attempts企图。根据“Tim understood and”可知，此处指勇敢面对“挑战”。故
选C。
34．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在祖父的指导下，蒂姆成长为一个有爱心、有韧性的人，激励着像他祖父一样的人。A. grew up长大；B. showed up出现；C. came in进来；D. set off出发，开始。根据下文“to be a
caring and resilient person who inspired others like his grandfather. ”可知，蒂姆长成了一个有爱心的人。故选
A。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位睿智的祖父教导他的孙子适应力、同理心和克服困难的能力的重要
性。A. root 根；B. importance重要性；C. output产量；D. discovery发现。根据“who inspired others like
his grandfather.”退知，蒂姆知道了适应力、同理心和克服困难的能力的重要性。故选B。
