文档内容
Unit4 Body Language
目标导航
重点词汇 阅读单词
1．gesture n．手势；姿势；姿态
2．fake adj.假装的；假的；冒充的
3．nonverbal adj.不涉及言语的；非言语的
4．slump vi.垂头弯腰地走(或坐等)
5．tick vt.给(试卷、问题等)打钩号vi.(钟表)发出嘀嗒声n.钩号
6．chin n．下巴
7．demonstrate vt.表现；表达；说明；证明
8．identical adj.相同的
9．interpret vt.把……理解(解释)为 vi.& vt.口译
10．waist n．腰；腰部
11．trial n．& v．审讯；审判；试验；试用
12．internal adj.内部的；里面的
13．pose n．故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势 vi.摆好姿势 vt.造成(威胁、问题等)
14．reveal vt.揭示；显示；露出
15．chest n．胸部；胸膛
16．ultimately adv.最终；最后
17．component n．组成部分；零件
18．tone n．语气；腔调；口吻
19．distract vt.分散(注意力)；使分心
20．intervene vi.干预；介入
重点单词
1．appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的
2．witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证 n．目击者；证人
3．cheek n．面颊；脸颊
4．bow vi.鞠躬；点头 vt.低(头)
5．barrier n．隔阂；障碍
6．incident n．发生的事情；严重事件；冲突
7．twin adj.双胞胎之一的；孪生之一的 n．孪生之一；双胞胎之一
8．bend vt.& vi.(bent，bent)(使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向
9．clarify vt.使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清
10．tendency n．趋势；倾向11．lower vt.把……放低；降低；减少 adj.下面的；下方的；较小的
12．imply vt.意味着；暗示
13．stare vi.盯着看；凝视 n．凝视
14．ceiling n．天花板；上限
15．perceive vt.察觉；看待；理解
16．merely adv.只是；仅仅；只不过
17．bother vi.& vt.费心；麻烦；因……操心 n．麻烦；不便
18．weep vi.& vt.哭泣；流泪
19．conflict n．矛盾；冲突 vi.冲突；抵触
20．inquire/enquire vi.& vt.询问；打听
词汇拓展 1．interaction n．交流；相互影响→interact vi.相互交流；相互影响
2．vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变→various adj.不同的；各种各样的→variety n．多样性；
变化；种类
3．approve vi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过→approval n．赞成；同意；批准→approving adj.赞
许的；赞成的
4．employ vt.使用；应用；雇用→employee n．雇员；受雇者→employer n．雇主；雇用者
→employment n．雇用；聘用
5．differ vi.相异；不同于→different adj.不同的；有差异的→difference n．差别；差异
6．favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同→favorable adj.赞成的；有利的
7．anger n．愤怒；怒气vt.使生气；激怒→angry adj.生气的；愤怒的→angrily adv.生气
地；愤怒地
8．reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的→rely vi.依赖；信赖
9．slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→slightly adv.略微；稍微
10．assess vt.评估；评价→assessment n．评价；评定
11．educator n．教师；教育工作者；教育家→educate vt.教育→educated adj.受过教育的；
有教养的→education n．教育
12．barely adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚→bare adj.赤裸的；光秃秃的；空的
13．occupy vt.占据；占用→occupied adj.有人使用的；忙于……的；被占领的→occupation
n．占领；职业
14．distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别→distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的
15．anxiety n．焦虑；担心；害怕→anxious adj.忧虑的；焦虑的；渴望的
16．embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的→embarrassing adj.使人难堪的；令人尴尬的
→embarrass vt.使窘迫；使尴尬
17．ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧→shame n．羞耻；羞愧；遗憾的事→shameful adj.可耻的
→shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的
18．adjust vt.调整；调节 vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯→adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的→adjustment n．调整；调节；适应
19．react vi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→reaction n．反应；作用
重点词组 1．by contrast相比之下
2．by comparison(与……)相比较
3．make inferences推理；推断
4．break down消除；分解；打破
5．straighten up直起来；整理；收拾整齐
6．in other words换句话说；也就是说
7．call on(短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请
8．at work有某种影响；在工作
重点句型 1．A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.A
smile can break down barriers.
微笑能够帮助我们度过困境，并在满是陌生人的世界里找到朋友。微笑可以消除隔阂。
2．And if we are feeling down or lonely，there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of
a good friend.
如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，最美好的事情就是看到好朋友的笑脸。
3．Of course，not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.
当然，并不是每个抬头的人都专注于课堂。
4．With their chins on their hands，they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up
at the ceiling.
他们用手托着下巴，非常专注地盯着窗外或上面的天花板。
知识精讲
知识点01 vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变
Just like spoken language, body language varies from culture to culture.就像口语一样，身体语言也因文化
而异。
[例1] The temperature varies from time to time.
温度常常变化。
[例2] The sword hardly varied in form from the 12th to the 15th century.
剑的样式从12 世纪到15 世纪几乎没有什么改变。
[知识拓展]
(1)vary in sth. 在某方面不同
vary with sth. 随……而变化vary between...and...＝vary from...to... 由……到……情况不等
(2)variety n. 变化；种类；多样性
a variety of＝varieties of 许多的；各种各样的
(3)various adj. 各种各样的
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译
①The students' work varies considerably quality.
②Prices vary the type of the room you require.
③Opinions on this matter vary greatly from person to person.
④由于各种原因，我不愿见他。
, I'd prefer not to meet him.
＝ , I'd prefer not to meet him.
＝ , I'd prefer not to meet him.
【答案】1.in 2.with 3.to 4.For various reasons,For a variety of reasons，For varieties of reasons,
知识点2 approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过
(教材P )In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved of.
38
相反，在另一些国家，眼神交流并不总是被认可。
[例1] The minister approved the building plan.
部长批准了该建筑计划。
[例2] Her father will never approve of her marriage to you.
他父亲永远不会同意她和你结婚。
[知识拓展]
(1)approve of 赞成；同意
approve of sb./sb.'s (doing)sth.
同意某人(做)某事
(2)approval n. 赞成；同意；批准；认可
give one's approval to 批准某人……
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①She doesn't approve our decision.
②I approve of your (try)to earn some money, but please don't neglect your studies.
③Hope the arrangements meet with your (approve).
④我非常赞成这些新的测试。
I very much ．
[小片段填空]
I don't need all the time.If someone does not me, I will still be okay.
我不总是需要别人的认同，如果有人不认同我，我还是会觉得没事。
【答案】1.of 2.trying 3.approval 4.approve of these new tests ， approval ，approve of知识点3 witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证 n．目击者；证人
In Japan, someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money.
在日本，看到别人做这个手势的人可能会认为这是有钱的意思。
[例1] A witness was examined by him in a court of law.
他在法庭上质问一个证人。
[例2] He gave witness on behalf of an accused person.
他为被告作证。
[知识拓展]
(1)witness sth. 目击了某事
witness to (doing)sth. 证实，证明(做)某事
witness for 为……作证
(2)be a witness to sth. 是某事的证据/证人
bear/give witness to 做……的证人；为……作证
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①He made a very poor witness himself.
②His good health is a witness the success of the treatment.
③司机作证说，他看到此人进入那栋大楼。
The driver the man enter the building.
④这些事实证明了他的粗心。
These facts are ．
[小片段填空]
The who the incident the police and promised to be
a ．
这个目击了这起事故的目击者向警察提交了证据并且答应做证人。
【答案】1.for 2.to 3.witnessed to having seen4.a witness to his carelessness， witness ，witnessed ，gave
witness to，witness
[图形助记]
知识点4 differ vi.不同于；相异
Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” differ around the world.
甚至我们用作“是”和“不”的手势也因地而异。
[例1] Japanese differs greatly from French in pronunciation.
日语发音和法语大不相同。[例2] Conditions of employment differ according to the type of company you are working for.
雇佣条件因供职公司的不同而有差异。
[知识拓展]
(1)differ from... 与……不同/有区别
differ in... 在……方面不同
differ with sb.on/about/over sth.
与某人在某事上持不同(看法)
(2)different adj. 不同的
be different from... 与……不同
(3)difference n. 不同，差别
make a difference (to...) (对……)有作用或影响
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Worried about my health, I tried many (differ)kinds of diets but nothing worked.
②There're many (differ)between British English and American English.
③在日常生活中，每个人都会时不时地失败，但你如何做出反应却有很大影响。
In our daily life, everyone fails every now and then.But it is how you react that ．
④很显然，这对双胞胎在性格方面不一样。
Apparently, the twins ．
⑤这些模型的大小和形状都不一样。
The models differ in size and shape.
[小片段填空]
Learners with cultural backgrounds their thinking patterns and learning
styles.The can be investigated and explained.
不同文化背景的学习者在思维模式和学习风格上有很大的不同。这种差异可以被研究和解释。
【答案】1.different2.differences3.makes a big difference4.differ from each other in character5.differ in
different ，differ a lot in，difference
知识点5 favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同
Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands, bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when they meet
someone else.
在其他地方，人们见面时更喜欢握手、鞠躬或点头。
[例1] A mother shouldn't show too much favour to one of her children.
母亲不应该对一个孩子表现出过多的宠爱。
[例2] I must decline to show favour to any of the candidates.
我必须拒绝偏袒任何一位候选人。
[知识拓展]
do sb.a favour＝do a favour for sb. 帮某人的忙in favour of... 支持……
ask sb.for a favour＝ask a favour of sb.
请求某人帮忙
in one's favour 对某人有利
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译
①Most of them were in favour my opinion while David was against it.
②The exchange rate is our favour for the time being.
③今天你能帮我个忙去学校接山姆吗？
Could you and pick up Sam from school today? ＝Could you and pick
up Sam from school today?
④我想请你帮忙，你能把你的电话借给我吗？
I want to ; will you lend me your cell phone?
＝I want to ；will you lend me your cell phone?
【答案】1.of 2.in 3.do me a favour，do a favour for me4.ask a favour of you， ask you for a favour
[图形助记]
知识点6 break down消除；分解；打破
A smile can break down barriers.微笑可以打破障碍。
[例1] Our car broke down and we had to draw it to a garage.
我们的车坏了， 不得不把它拖到修车厂去。
[例2] By then the gate was being broken down.
那时候大门快要被砸开了。
[知识拓展]
break away from 脱离；摆脱；挣脱；打破陈规
break in 闯入；强行进入
break out 突然发生；爆发(不用于被动语态)
break up 打碎；分裂；解体；解散
[即学即练]——完成句子
①他的车在路上出故障了，那就是他开会迟到的原因。
His car on the way, and that was why he was late for the meeting.
②这个女孩挣脱她妈妈，跑了。
The girl her mother and ran away.③这个乐队大约在1970年解散，但是令人高兴的是，到了20世纪80年代中期他们再次相聚。
The band about 1970, but happily they reunited in the mid1980s.
④在这一地区总有意想不到的事情发生。
Something unexpected always in this area.
⑤为了很快地进入着火的房子， 消防队员拆了那面墙。
The firemen in order to gain quick access to the building on fire.
【答案】1.broke down2.broke away from3.broke up4.breaks out5.broke down the wall
知识点7 reliable adj.可信赖的；可靠的
Which is a more reliable guide for understanding someone's feelings，their body language or the words they
speak?
哪一种方式更能帮助我们理解别人的感受：是肢体语言还是他们说的语言？
[例1] It has a highly reliable control system.
它具备一套极可靠的控制系统。
[例2] He's a good musician and totally reliable．
他是个出色的音乐家，而且非常可靠。
[知识拓展]
(1)a reliable friend 可靠的朋友
be reliable as 作为……是可靠的
(2)rely v. 信任；信赖；依赖；依靠
rely on/upon 依靠；依赖
rely on it that... 相信
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①This statement is not reliable evidence.
②It would be better to rely ourselves than on others.
③You may rely on that he will help you.
④那个年轻人诚实，且有合作精神，当你需要他帮忙的时候，他总是在那儿。简言之，他很可靠。
The young man is honest, cooperative, and is always there when you need his help.In short,
．
[小片段填空]
The land, the essential means of production, is the most living security that the peasants can
．
土地作为基本的生产资料，是农民可以依赖的最可靠的生活保障。
【答案】1.as 2.on 3.it 4.he's reliable reliable ，rely on
知识点8不定式短语作后置定语
(教材 P )For example, making eye contact—looking into someone's eyes—in some countries is a way to
38display interest.
例如，在一些国家，进行眼神交流——直视某人的眼睛——是表现出兴趣的一种方式。
句式分析：不定式短语to display interest作后置定语，修饰a way。
[例1] The meetings were a way to get acquainted with each other.
这些会议是一种相互结交的途径。
[例2] The best way to deal with a tease is to ignore him.
对付爱捉弄人的人的最佳方法就是不搭理他。
[知识拓展]
(1)在the first, the second, the last, the next, the only等词和形容词最高级后或在被这些词修饰的名词/代词
后，常用不定式作定语。
(2)在time, way, chance, ability, promise等抽象名词后，常用不定式作定语。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①The chance (go)for a picnic has been ruined.
②He is the only man (know)the truth.
③最好的旅行方式是坐高铁。
The best way is to take a highspeed train.
④他总是第一个来，最后一个走。
He is always ．
⑤多锻炼是保持健康的好方法。
It's a good way with more exercise.
【答案】1.to go2.to know3.to travel4. the first to come and the last to leave5.to keep fit
知识点8 when doing...
In Japan, it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person.
在日本，当你和年长的人说话时，低头可能是对长辈的尊重。
句式分析：句中when talking to an older person是一个省略句，补全后为：when you are talking to an
older person。
[例1] When seeing the naughty child, the teacher sympathized to his mother.
当看到那个淘气的孩子时， 老师对他的母亲表示很同情。
[例2] I kept a diary every day while (I was)travelling.
在那次旅行期间，我每天都写日记。
[知识拓展]
当when，while，before，after，unless，as if，if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主
语是it，且从句谓语中含有be动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译
①He won't come unless (invite).
②While (play)with his children outdoors, the father felt very happy.③如果你被录用干这份工作的话，你会很快被通知到的。
, you'll be informed soon.＝ , you'll
be informed soon.
【答案】1.invited2.playing 3.If you are accepted for the job, If accepted for the job,
知识点9 比较级的否定形式表示最高级含义
And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.
如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。
句式分析：句中nothing better than是比较级的否定形式表示最高级的含义。
[例1] Personally, she would like nothing better than to accept this invitation.
就她个人来说，她巴不得接受这次邀请。
[例2] Peter likes nothing better than going to the coast and messing about in his boat.
彼得最喜欢去海边，毫无目的地让船在海中漂荡。
[知识拓展]
最高级意义的多种表达法：
(1)否定词＋形容词/副词比较级(＋than)
(2)否定词＋so/as ＋形容词/副词原级＋as
(3)比较级＋ than＋
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①I have never spent a (worrying)day.
②Tom is t(intelligent)than any other student/all the other students in his class.
③再没有别的书对我的生活有更大的影响了。
has had a greater effect on my life.
④多么好的一本小说啊！我从未读过比这更感人的了。
What a wonderful novel! I have never read ．
⑤李洋在班里学习最努力。
Li Yang studies harder ．
⑥在夏季炎热的下午，我想不出什么东西比一杯冰凉可口的啤酒更好。
I can think of a nice cold beer on a hot summer afternoon.
【答案】1.more worrying2.more intelligent3.No other book4. a more moving one5.than anyone else in his
class6.nothing better than
语法精讲
动词ing形式作宾语和表语
一、动词ing形式作宾语
1．作动词的宾语
接动词ing形式作宾语的常用动词(短语)有：avoid，miss，delay/put off避免错过少延期
advise，finish，practise建议完成多练习
enjoy，imagine，can't help喜欢想象禁不住
admit，deny，envy承认否定与嫉妒
escape，risk，excuse逃避冒险莫原谅
stand，keep，mind忍受保持不介意
He admitted referring to his notes in the exam.
他承认在考试中查阅了笔记。
She can't stand being looked down upon in public.
她忍受不了在公众场合被人看不起的感觉。
Would you mind opening the window?
你介意打开窗子吗？
He tried to avoid answering my questions.
他试图对我的问题避而不答。
2．作介词的宾语
在下面的短语中，常用动词ing形式作介词的宾语： be good at，dream of，care about，be concerned
about，be interested in，feel like，insist on，think of，aim at，set about，be used to习惯于；get down to开始
做；lead to导致；devote oneself to献身于……；look forward to期待；stick to坚持；pay attention to注意。
I dream of sailing around the world and leading a happy life.
我梦想着环游世界，过上幸福的生活。
He insisted on doing it in his own way.
他坚持要按照自己的方法做。
I'm looking forward to your coming next time.
我期待着你下一次的到来。
Because of the bad weather，they have to give up going out for a picnic tomorrow.
因为天气不好，他们不得不放弃明天的外出野餐。
3．在以下结构中，动词ing形式作介词的宾语，介词常省略。
spend...(in)doing花费……做某事
have difficulty/trouble (in)doing...做……有困难/麻烦
stop/prevent...(from)doing阻止……做某事
waste time (in)doing浪费时间做某事
be busy (in)doing忙于做某事
have a good/hard time (in)doing高兴做某事/费了很大劲做某事
There is no point (in)doing做某事毫无意义
He is always busy working every day，which has made him have little time to play with his child.
他每天总是忙于工作，这使他很少有时间和孩子一起玩。
There is no point giving him such a good chance.给他提供这样一个好机会没有意义。
[即学即练1]——单句语法填空
①I'm looking forward to (hear)from you.
②He devotes himself to (look)into the matter.
③She likes spending much money (buy)clothes for herself.
4．动词ing形式作宾语时的几个特殊情况
(1)动词ing的复合结构。
＋动词ing
Would you mind my/me eating the cake?
你介意我吃这块蛋糕吗？
Would you mind Mary's/Mary driving the bike?
你介意玛丽骑自行车吗？
[名师点津]
动词ing的复合结构的否定形式为：形容词性物主代词/代词(宾格)/名词(宾格)/名词's所有格＋not
doing...。
(2)某些动词及动词短语后面既可以用不定式也可以用动词ing作宾语。
①动词begin，start，continue等词后既可跟不定式，又可跟动词ing作宾语，意义基本相同。
They continued discussing/to discuss the plan after having a rest.
休息了一会后，他们继续讨论这项计划。
②动词love，like，hate等后可跟动词ing和不定式作宾语，但接动词ing表示经常性的情况，接不定式
表示具体的动作。
I love walking with my friend on a sunny day.(习惯)我喜欢和朋友在一个阳光明媚的日子里散步。
It is a pleasant day today，so I love to have a walk with my friend.(具体)
今天是个令人愉快的日子，所以我想和朋友一起散散步。
③一些动词后既可跟动词ing作宾语，又可跟不定式作宾语，但意义有很大差别。
He forgot turning the light off.
他忘记他已经关了灯。
The light in the office is still on.He forgot to turn it off.
办公室的灯还亮着。他忘记关了。
[名师点津]
对比记忆作宾语的动词含义They stopped to have a look at the fantastic scenery.
他们停下来，看了看这美妙绝伦的风景。
They stopped working and had a rest.
他们停止工作，休息了一下。
(3)用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词ing形式。
其结构如下：
主语＋＋it＋＋doing...
I found it useless/no use arguing about it.
我发现争论这件事没有用。
Do you consider it any good trying again?
你觉得再试会有用吗？
(4)在动词need，require，want，deserve后，用动词ing形式表示被动含义，即need/require/want/deserve
doing＝need/require/want/deserve to be done。
These clothes need washing．＝These clothes need to be washed．
这些衣服需要洗。
The house requires repairing．＝The house requires to be repaired ．
这座房子需要修理。
(5)在(be)worth后面只能用动词ing形式来表示被动含义。
The film is worth seeing a second time.
这部电影值得再看一次。
[即学即练2]——单句语法填空
①I remember (see)her before，but I can't remember when it was.
②You must remember (tell)Jackson the news tonight.
③I didn't mean (visit)him yesterday afternoon.
④Giving up your plan means (lose)a large amount of money.
⑤All of us stopped (talk)when we saw our teacher come in.
⑥She felt thirsty, so she stopped (get)a drink of water.
【答案】1.seeing 2. to tell3. to visit4.losing 5.talking 6.to get
二、动词ing形式作表语
1．动名词用作表语
Her job is checking letter of credit and terms of contract．
她的工作是核对信用证和合同款。
That is not playing the game．
这样做就不公平了。
This was really carrying matters a little too far．
这事做得真有点太过分了。[名师点津]
(1)不要把作表语用的动名词和现在进行时态混淆。
动名词说明主语的情况或性质，其内容在逻辑上等于主语的内容；
现在分词说明动作是由主语完成的(即表示主语正在进行的动作)。
His job is cleaning the classroom.(动名词短语作表语)
他的工作就是打扫教室。
He is cleaning the classroom.(谓语，现在进行时)
他正在打扫教室。
(2)动名词(短语)和不定式(短语)都能用作主语或表语，两者的区别是：
表示比较抽象、一般的行为，不跟特定的动作执行者联系在一起时，多用动名词(短语)；
表示具体某次行为、特别是将来的行为，往往跟特定的动作执行者联系在一起时，多用不定式。
但在多数情况下，两者差别不太大，可以互用。试比较：
Our job is building houses.(经常性的一般行为)
我们的工作是盖房子。
Our main task now is to build this house.(特定的具体某次行为)
我们现在的主要任务是盖这间房子。
[即学即练3]——单句语法填空
①One of the good exercises is (swim).
②The real problem is (get)to know the needs of the customers.
③The important thing now is (save)lives.
【答案】1.swimming2.getting3.to save
2．现在分词用作表语
现在分词作表语，总是跟在系动词之后，构成复合谓语。现在分词作表语，表示主语所具有的特征。
许多作表语的现在分词几乎已经形容词化，可以用副词修饰，也可以有比较级形式。这类常见的现在
分词有amazing, amusing, annoying, astonishing, boring, charming等。
The development of our aviation industry is quite encouraging．
我们的航空工业的发展是非常令人鼓舞的。
A few pages are wanting．
有几处缺页。
The whole damned day had been humiliating．
这一整天可坏透了，令人丢脸。
[名师点津]
(1)现在分词作表语时，系动词除be外还有appear, sound, look, become, come, get, go, grow, keep, remain,
seem等。
What he says sounds more convincing．
他说的话听起来更有说服力。
The European scene began to look threatening again.欧洲局势再度出现危险。
(2)现在分词作表语用时，相当于形容词，表示性质或状态；进行时态中的分词是谓语动词的组成部
分，表示具体的动作，两者不可混淆。
The present situation is encouraging．(表语)
目前的形势是令人鼓舞的。
The present situation is encouraging us to stride forward in production.(现在进行时)
目前的形势正在鼓舞我们在生产上迈步前进。
The problem is quite pressing．(表语)
问题很紧迫。
She is pressing the button.(现在进行时)
她正在按电钮。
[即学即练4]——单句语法填空
①The situation both at home and abroad is very (inspire).
②The book is (interest)and I'm interested in it.
③He remembered our names from ten years ago—isn't that just (amaze)?
【答案】1.inspiring2.interesting3.amazing
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Poems which had seemed dull and (bore)suddenly came to life.
2．The bird narrowly escaped (shoot)by the hunter.
3．She looked small and gentle and altogether (charm).
4．Do you feel like (have)a walk with me after supper?
5．My father suggested (read)more books in my spare time.
6．To avoid (see)by the teacher, Tony stole into the classroom by the back door.
7．Have you considered (build)a house in the countryside?
8．Some of the children are shy and they have some difficulty in (make)friends.
9．We regret (inform)you that you will have to give up this chance.
10．We agreed (meet)here，but so far she hasn't turned up yet.
【答案】1.boring2.being shot 3.charming4.having 5.reading 6. being seen7.building 8.making 9.to inform
10.to meet
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．目前形势令人惊恐。
The present situation is ．
2．这个问题正在会上讨论。
This question at the meeting.
3．当这个人看完信后，他看着他的朋友。
After the man finished , he looked at his friend.
4．李明一直梦想着将来可以开始他自己的生意。Li Ming has always been dreaming of in the future.
5．尽管我是一个残疾人，但我在生活中总是喜欢帮助别人。
While I'm a disabled man, I always enjoy in my daily life.
【答案】1.is terrifying2.is being discussed3. reading the letter,4.starting his own business5.helping others
写作园地
介绍性说明文
介绍性说明文是根据某种特定的需要，对事物的性质、特点、功能做出客观、科学的解释，从而给人
知识或传播信息的一种文体。它主要运用说明的表达方式，向别人介绍清楚事物是怎么样的。对被介绍对
象起解释、阐述的作用。
[基本框架]
第一段：开头对要说明的事物或事情简要介绍(点题)；
第二段：按照题目提供的信息分层次，按照一定的顺序进行说明，注意语言的客观简明；
第三段：结尾照应开头(题目没有特殊要求，不要对此事物发表看法)。
[常用词块]
1．be familiar with its history 熟悉它的历史
2．other important aspects其他重要的方面
3．raise their awareness of keeping fit
提高他们的健身意识
4．play a very important role in daily communication
在日常交流中起着非常重要的作用
5．the reasons behind this这背后的原因
6．the application of new technologies新技术的应用
7．account for the increase解释增加的原因
8．for one reason or another因某种理由
9．a number of factors许多因素
10．be on the increase正在增长
[常用语句]
★精彩开头
Today, the topic is...今天的主题是……
When you find/see..., what should you do?
当你发现/看到……，你应该怎么做？
As is known to all, it is important to...
众所周知，……是很重要的。
★正文佳句
The reason for...is that...……的原因是……
This brings out the important fact that...这引出了一个重要的事实……
More importantly, you should...
更重要的是，你应该……
It is well known that ...is very important in our daily lives because...
众所周知……在我们的日常生活中很重要，因为……
...can not only ..., but also ...
……不仅……，而且……
...is very important/convenient/helpful when people want to...
当人们想要……时，……很重要/方便/有用。
★余味结尾
It would give us a chance to...
这将给我们一个机会……
In a word, as long as you ...you can...
总之，只要你……你可以……
If you can do what has been mentioned above, you...
如果你能做到以上所提到的，你……
[升格示例]
根据下面提示写一篇英语短文介绍肢体语言。
1．肢体语言的作用(如传递信息等)；
2．明白在不同文化中肢体语言的重要性；
3．你对肢体语言的看法。
注意：1.词数80左右，标题已给出；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；
3．短文中不能出现与本人相关的信息。
Body Language
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[学生习作]
Body Language 点评：
People use body language to send messages.It is helpful 1.该习作语言准确，而且使用了非谓语动
because it can help make you easily understood.When you 词、复合句等，总体来说是一篇不错的作are talking with others，you are not just using words，but
also using body movements.Body language is different in 文，但也存在一些问题。
different countries.It is important to know the meaning of 2.文章没有分段，缺少框架意识。
gestures and movements in foreign countries.Using body 3.语法结构不够多样，句式不够丰富多变。
language correctly will help communicate with people.I think 如没有使用被动语态。
that it is important in our lives to learn and use body 4.衔接不够顺畅。
language.
[升格作文]
Body Language
Body language is used by people to send messages to one another.When talking with others, you are not just
using words, but also using expressions and body movements.
Different countries have different body language.When you use a foreign language, it is important to know the
meaning of gestures and movements in the foreign countries.Using body language in a correct way will help
communicate with people and make the stay in a foreign country easy and comfortable.
In a word, I am convinced that it is of great importance in our lives to learn and properly use body language.
人们之间的沟通除了通过语言外，还可以借助身势语。在英语课上，老师让你根据下列要点用英语写
一篇关于身势语对人们交流的帮助的短文。
学会使用身势语的好处：
1．帮助传递信息；
2．借此了解一个国家的文化；
3．……
要求：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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[参考范文]
First of all, body language helps us to get our messages across.Sometimes it may be more effective than
words.Also, when we don't know how to express ourselves clearly, we can use body language.Having a wide
knowledge of a foreign country's body language can also help us learn about its culture.What's more, using body
language in a correct way will help make our stay in a foreign country easy and comfortable while travelling
abroad.In conclusion, I think that it is very important for us to learn and use body language.
分层提分
题组A 基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词) (每小题2分，共20分)
1．I saw three superb camp beds，two of which were (占据)．
2．Teachers in this high school of the program because it’s good for kids’ growth.
3．Every (交流) between keepers and their animals creates some sort of connections.
4．Workers (反应) angrily to the latest news of more job losses at the factory.
5．Why are you staring at me? Are you (暗示) that I didn’t adopt a good method?
6．She found herself in with her parents over her future career in fashion design.
7．I thought that this was just a story，but then I it with my own eyes many times.
8．Ocean colors from green to blue，depending on the type and quantity of phytoplankton(浮
游植物)．
9．Could you do me a and pick up Sam from school today?
10．You can trust him because his information comes from a source.
【 答 案 】 1.occupied2.approve 3.interaction4.reacted5.implying6.conflict 7.witnessed 8.vary
9.favo(u)r10.reliable
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空) (每小题2分，共16分)
11． of afterclass activities will be held， from the English corner to the
Literature club.(vary)
12．The of the company is in training his .(employ)
13．Different students from each other in many aspects.(differ)
14．I am with my ，which most of my time every day.
(occupy)
15．I feel of my action，which is a to me.(shame)
16．The farmer can easily weeds from wanted plants.(distinguish)
17．My brother suffering from is becoming more and more .(anxiety)
18．Her questions about my private life me.(embarrass)
【答案】11.Varieties ，varying 12.employer ，employed ，employees13.Different ，differ 14.occupied ，
occupation，occupies 15.ashamed ，shameful ，shame 16.distinguished ，distinguish 17.anxiety ，
anxious18.embarrassing ，embarrassed
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共16分)
19．她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。这个笑容融化了我内心的坚冰。(排比句)(读后续写之喜乐心理描写)
.
20．没有什么比参加5km越野比赛更有意义的了，它对我们身心都有益处。(否定词＋比较级)
the fivekilometer crosscountry running race，which
benefits us physically and mentally.
21．并非每个学生都真正理解尊重和传播中国传统文化的重要性。(部分否定)
.
22．既绝望又无助，简跪了下去，悔恨的泪水从她的脸颊上流了下来。(with复合结构)(读后续写之孤独郁
闷心理描写)
Desperate and helpless，Jane knelt down， .
【答案】
19.The smile on her face shone like a diamond.The smile melted the ice in my heart
20.Nothing is more rewarding than taking part in
21.Not every student is/Every student is not really aware of the importance of respecting and spreading Chinese
traditional culture.
22.with tears of regret rolling down her cheeks
题组B 能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading and Thinking部分
Gestures can 1. (use) to express what’s going on in people’s minds in the interactions
2. others，but the same gesture may have different meanings in different countries.For
instance，in some countries，looking into the eyes of the person you are talking to 3. (be) a way
to display interest ， but in many Middle Eastern countries men and women should avoid 4.
(make) eye contact.In most countries,5. (shake) one’s head means “no” and nodding means
“yes”．By
6. (compare)，in Bulgaria and southern Albania，the gestures have the opposite meaning.In
countries 7. France and Russia，people may kiss their friends on 8. cheek
when they meet.Elsewhere，people favour shaking hands，bowing from the waist，or nodding the head when
they meet someone else.
All in all，body language 9. (vary) from culture to culture，but it is safe
10. (follow) the golden rule—When in Rome，do as the Romans do.
【答案】1.be used2.with 3.is4.making5.shaking6.comparison7.like 8.the 9.varies20.to follow
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后翻译短文并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子
为本单元的语法项目：动词ing形式作宾语和表语)
In our interactions with others，we employ appropriate body language，namely, nonverbal language to
demonstrate our internal emotions.Sometimes we have difficulty in interpreting and distinguishing gestures
because they aren’t 1. .So we should learn to perceive，assess and adjust our wordsaccordingly.For instance，if a person is embarrassed and ashamed，he will 2. his head，
bend his body and stare at the ground.If a person boils with anger or experiences anxiety，he will have a
tendency to cross with arms in front of his chest，with tears rolling down his cheeks.If a person does not move
his eyes for a long time，it means that he is 3. .If a person approves of or 4. a
plan，he may be witnessed straightening up and nodding his head.Certainly we can’t always make reliable
inferences because body language 5. from person to person.Nevertheless，I still call on people
to reveal body language with the purpose of breaking down the barriers in our daily communication .After
all，properly reacting to body language is an important component of our daily routine.
【答案】1.identical2.lower 3.distracted4.favours 5.varies
题组C 培优拔尖练
Ⅰ.完形填空
[一]
Danielle was living in a new city with no local bank of her own.She desperately needed to 1 a bank to cash her
paycheck.For more than two weeks，she made 2 one after another but in vain.
Danielle decided to attend a meeting at the local women’s resource center.The women there had been a strong
source of encouragement since she came here.Sitting next to Danielle，Amy began to share the details of her 3
situation.She was just days away from 4 her home and her car.Her phone and electric services were both scheduled
to be cancelled.Her husband had gambled away their money.She had nothing left.
As Amy described the situation，Danielle 5 a soft whisper in her heart：“After the meeting，give Amy
twenty dollars.” Danielle immediately thought，“But I can’t.I only have forty dollars.” She heard the 6
again.Danielle knew she needed to follow. 7 the meeting concluded，she 8 her purse and quietly handed
twenty dollars to Amy.Knowing Danielle’s situation，Amy was 9 to accept it at first.But as a crowd of women
10 to give Amy hugs of support，Danielle told her that she wanted her to have it.Then Danielle left.
With just twenty dollars left in her wallet，Danielle decided to try cashing her paycheck at just one more bank
before 11 home.She was 12 filled with renewed confidence and optimism.She walked into the bank next to
the women’s center.Moments later，the bank 13 her paycheck with no questions asked.Wearing a big smile，
Danielle returned home.
Realizing true hope has no 14 ，she continues to be 15 for the lifetime supply that she received for just
twenty dollars.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Danielle的一段困难的经历。她曾经一直无法找到能够兑现支票的
银行，所以过着困顿的生活。在当地一家妇女会参加活动时，Danielle听说了Amy的经历，将自己仅有的40
美元分了一半给Amy，希望帮助更为困顿的Amy。在回家之前，她再次去银行尝试兑现支票，结果成功了。
Danielle意识到希望无价。
1．A.select B．find C．consult D．search
B【解析】句意为：她急需找一家银行兑现她的薪水支票。select选择；find找；consult咨询；search搜
寻。故选B项。
2．A.decisions B．choices C．appointments D．attemptsD【解析】句意为：两个多星期了，她尝试了一家又一家银行但都是徒劳。decision决定；choice选择；
appointment约会；attempt尝试。故选D项。
3．A.similar B．unique C．desperate D．social
C【解析】句意为：坐在Danielle旁边的Amy开始讲述她绝望处境的细节。similar相似的；unique独特
的；desperate令人绝望的；social社会的。根据下文Amy快失去房子、车子，甚至连电话都快被停用了可
知，Amy处于很绝望的状况。故选C项。
4．A.ruining B．leaving C．missing D．losing
D【解析】句意为：她离失去房子和车子只有几天了。ruin毁灭；leave离开；miss错过；lose失去。故选
D项。
5．A.received B．found C．heard D．felt
C【解析】句意为：当Amy描述这一情况时，Danielle听到心里有个声音轻声说：“集会结束后，给艾米
20美元”。receive收到；find发现；hear听到；feel感觉到。故选C项。
6．A.story B．advice C．order D．voice
D【解析】句意为：她再次听到了那个声音。story故事；advice建议；order命令；voice声音。根据上文的
whisper和引号里的内容可知，此处应是声音。故选D项。
7．A.Before B．while C．When D．Though
C【解析】句意为：当集会结束时，她伸进了她的钱包，安静地把20美元递给Amy。before之前；while
当……的时候；when当……的时候；though尽管。故选C项。
8．A.reached into B．put away C．gave out D．took on
A【解析】句意见上题解析。reach into伸手去拿；put away收起来；give out分发；take on承担。根据后文
可知，她应当是从钱包里掏出20美元递给Amy。故选A项。
9．A.unwilling B．anxious C．eager D．embarrassed
A【解析】句意为：Amy知道Danielle的处境，一开始并不愿意接受。unwilling不情愿的；anxious焦虑
的；eager渴望的；embarrassed尴尬的。故选A项。
10．A.intended B．approached C．managed D．continued
B【解析】句意为：但当一群女性走过来给Amy拥抱支持时，Danielle告诉她，上帝想让她拥有它。intend
意图；approach临近；manage管理；continue继续。故选B项。
11．A.leaving B．sailing C．heading D．departing
C【解析】句意为：钱包里只剩下20美元，Danielle决定在回家前再去一家银行兑现她的支票。leave离
开；sail航行；head朝着；depart出发。此处指回家前，所以是朝着家的方向。故选C项。
12．A.anyhow B．somehow C．therefore D．otherwise
B【解析】句意为：不知怎么地，她又恢复了信心和乐观。anyhow无论如何；somehow不知怎么地；
therefore因此；otherwise否则。故选B项。
13．A.counted B．checked C．cashed D．tested
C【解析】句意为：过了一会儿，银行兑现了她的支票，没有问任何问题。count数数；check检查；cash
支付现金；test测试。故选C项。14．A.price B．cost C．cause D．purpose
A【解析】句意为：意识到真正的希望是无价的，她不断感谢那段用20美元换来的终身经验。price价格；
cost花费；cause结果；purpose目的。故选A项。
15．A.ready B．welcome C．fortunate D．thankful
D【解析】句意见上题解析。ready准备好的；welcome受欢迎的；fortunate幸运的；thankful感激的。根据
语境可知，故选D项。
[二]
When I was growing up，we still did Christmas gift exchanges at school. 1 letting us pick who we brought a
gift for，we were paired by drawing a classmate’s 2 out of a hat(随机)．One year，when I was six or seven，I
was 3 with a boy named Gordon.Even at that age，we were all very 4 that Gordon’s family didn’t have
much money，and when he gave me a small，seemingly 5 gift at our gift exchange，a bunch of my classmates
started making fun of him.I hate to admit it，but I 6 them.
When I got home from school that day，I showed my mother the gift and told her what had happened.She explained
to me that the present Gordon had given me was probably far more 7 for his family to buy than the one I had given
him.Then I felt 8 that something I had said had more than likely really 9 someone，and I just couldn’t live
with myself.
The next day at school，I found Gordon and 10 him for the present and told him I really liked it.Not because
my mother told me I should，but because I knew in my heart it was the right thing to do.
That is one of those 11 that still sting(刺疼) a little bit all these years later，because I was so 12 in the
way I acted.You see，my mother was the absolute best 13 of someone who could always find good in people，
and she worked to 14 everyone she came into contact with.Hers were big shoes to fill，so when I 15 to
emulate(模仿) her，I was extremely hard on myself—not because I let her down，but because I let myself down.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的童年时期与同学Gordon互换圣诞节礼物，Gordon不起
眼的礼物受到了其他同学和作者的嘲笑，在妈妈的解释下，作者认识到这份不起眼的礼物可能对于 Gordon的
家庭来说已经很昂贵了，从而认识到要为他人着想，并以妈妈为榜样效仿学习。
1．A.In spite of B．Apart from C．Regardless of D．Instead of
D【解析】句意为：不是让我们挑选礼物送给谁，而是通过随机抽取一个同学的名字配成一组。in spite of
尽管，不顾；apart from除了……外(都)，要不是；regardless of不管，不顾；instead of代替，而不是。故
选D项。
2．A.face B．name C．family D．gift
B【解析】句意见上题解析。face脸；name名字；family家庭；gift礼物。前文动词“drawing”有“抽签”
的含义，所以，应是抽取写有同学名字的字条。故选B项。
3．A.arranged B．appointed C．invited D．paired
D【解析】句意为：有一年，在我六七岁的时候，我和一个叫 Gordon的男孩结对。arrange安排，布置；
appoint任命，安排；invite邀请；pair把……组成一对。此处与前文“we were paired”相呼应，be paired
with sb.意为“与某人组成一组/一对”。故选D项。4．A.aware B．surprised C．curious D．confused
A【解析】句意为：即使在那个年纪，我们都很了解Gordon的家没有多少钱，当他在我们的礼物交换会上
送给我一个看似不起眼的小礼物时，我的一帮同学开始取笑他。aware知道，了解；surprised惊讶的；
curious好奇的；confused困惑的。故选A项。
5．A.practical B．extraordinary C．unimpressive D．attractive
C【解析】句意见上题解析。practical 实际的，可行的；extraordinary 意想不到的，令人惊奇的；
unimpressive普通的，没有印象的；attractive吸引人的。前文“when he gave me a small”提及是一个“小”
礼物，与此相呼应，应是“普通的，不起眼的”。故选C项。
6．A.blamed B．refused C．parted with D．joined
D【解析】句意为：虽然我不愿意承认，但我还是加入了他们(一起嘲笑他)。blame责备；refuse拒绝；part
with与……分开；join参加，加入。join sb.加入某人一起。故选D项。
7．A.smart B．expensive C．difficult D．meaningful
B【解析】句意为：她向我解释说，对他的家庭来说，Gordon给我的礼物可能比我给他的要贵得多。smart
聪明的；expensive昂贵的；difficult困难的；meaningful有意义的。故选B项。
8．A.urgent B．angry C．horrible D．proud
C【解析】句意为：然后我觉得(自己)很糟糕，我说的话很可能真的伤害了别人，我无法不内疚。urgent紧
急的，迫切的；angry生气的；horrible十分讨厌的，可恶的；proud骄傲的。故选C项。
9．A.frightened B．hurt C．destroyed D．bothered
B【解析】句意见上题解析。frighten使害怕；hurt使(身体上、感情上)受伤；destroy破坏，毁坏；bother使
烦恼。根据前文可知，作者同其他同学一起嘲笑了 Gordon，这样的行为应是使Gordon在感情上受到了伤
害。故选B项。
10．A.praised B．respected C．congratulated D．interested
A【解析】句意为：第二天在学校，我找到了Gordon，称赞了他这件礼物，并告诉他我真的很喜欢。praise
表扬，称赞；respect尊敬，尊重；congratulate祝贺；interest使感兴趣。故选A项。
11．A.jokes B．memories C．choices D．opportunities
B【解析】句意为：这是那些多年后仍然让我有点心痛的记忆之一，因为我对自己当时的行为很失望。joke
笑话；memory记忆；choice选择；opportunity机会。故选B项。
12．A.disappointed B．frustrated C．excited D．annoyed
A【解析】句意见上题解析。disappointed失望的；frustrated沮丧的；excited兴奋的；annoyed恼怒的。根
据后文“not because I let her down，but because I let myself down”可知，作者应是对自己当时嘲笑Gordon的
行为感到失望。故选A项。
13．A.educator B．sample C．participant D．example
D【解析】句意为：你看，我的母亲绝对是一个最好的榜样，她总是能发现别人的优点并努力去为她接触
到的每一个人着想。educator教育工作者；sample样品；participant参与者；example例子，榜样。故选D
项。
14．A.build up B．give up on C．bring up D．look out for
D【解析】句意见上题解析。build up增进，加强；give up on对……表示绝望；bring up养育，提出；lookout for留意，提防，为……着想。故选D项。
15．A.wanted B．hurried C．failed D．learned
C【解析】句意为：她太出色，所以当我没能效仿她时，我对自己非常苛刻——不是因为我让她失望了，
而是因为我让自己失望了。want想要；hurry仓促(做某事)，匆忙；fail失败；learn学习，了解。故选C
项。
Ⅱ.语法填空
When Zhang Lingshan was a child，she would watch the Chinese period drama Palace on television，attracted by
the characters’ ancient clothing.She didn’t know what these beautiful clothes 1. (call)—only that they were
from some 2. (distance) past.“They looked fairy-like，dreamy，” she said.“I was completely drawn by the
beauty of these clothes，and then 3. (eventual) came to understand the culture of Hanfu，and I liked it more
and more.”
Now aged nineteen 4. living in Beijing，Zhang is a member of China’s growing “Hanfu
movement”—a renaissance(复兴) of the ancient clothing traditionally worn by ethnic-majority Han Chinese before 5.
Qing Dynasty.Tight-knit Hanfu communities and university clubs often meet up for themed 6. (activity)．Zhang
and her friends sometimes visit places with ancient architecture，like Beijing’s Forbidden City,7. emperors
once lived，to take photos in costume and post them on social media.
Nowadays，Hanfu is seen as a way 8. (celebrate) Chinese culture and improve national self-esteem.In the
past few years，Hanfu clubs and social media platforms 9. (help) bring the Han clothing back under the
spotlight.“It’s the confidence of the younger people，the confidence of the country，” said Christine Tsui，a
fashion columnist and researcher 10.
(base) in Shanghai.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汉服的复兴。
1.were called【解析】考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，动词 call与主语clothes之间是被
动关系，此处应用被动语态；know后面是宾语从句，主语时态为一般过去时，从句也用相应的过去时态，此处
应用一般过去时；clothes是复数，谓语动词也应用复数形式。故填were called。
2. distant【解析】考查词性转换。此处应用形容词修饰名词past。故填distant。
3. eventually【解析】考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词came。故填eventually。
4. and【解析】考查连词。此处表示“如今，张玲珊19岁了，并且住在北京”。前后两个短语表并列关系，
应用and连接。故填and。
5.the【解析】考查冠词。朝代前应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
6. activities【解析】考查名词的单复数。此处表示“紧密联系的汉服团体和大学汉服社团经常会面举办主题活
动”。根据常识可知，组织的活动不止一个，此处应用名词复数形式。故填activities。
7. where【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是Beijing’s
Forbidden City，表示地点；关系词在从句中作地点状语，此处应用where引导该从句。故填where。
8. to celebrate【解析】考查非谓语动词。a way to do sth.为固定用法，意为“做某事的方式”。故填 to
celebrate。9. have helped【解析】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。由上文中的“In the past few years”可知，此处应用现在
完成时；主语为Hanfu clubs and social media platforms，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填have helped。
10.based【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，a fashion columnist and
researcher与base之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处应用过去分词形式。be based in...在……居住(或工作)。故
填based。
