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Unit 2 Thinking out of the box
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．beam n．
2．paradox n．
3．spark vt.
4． n．曲线，弧线，曲面，弯曲
5． vt.贮备，贮存(食物、书籍等)；存货 n．(商店的)现货，存货，库存；储
备物，备用物，供应物
6．bin n．
7．laser n．
8． n．手艺，工艺；技巧，技能，技艺；诡计，手腕，骗术
9． n．观念模式，思维倾向
10． n．创业者，企业家
11．lens n．
12．spectacle n．
13．magnify vt.
14．frame n．
15．anonymous adj.
16．accessory n．
17．thread n． vt.
18． vt.使成环，使绕成圈 n．环形，环状物，圆圈
19．counterbalance vt.
20．perch vi.
21．pinch vt.
22．clip vi.& vt. n．
23．stem n．
24．clamp vi.
25．engrave vt.
26． n．读写能力
27． vt.追溯，追究；查出，找到，发现，追踪；描绘(事物的过程或发展)，
追述，记述 n．痕迹，遗迹，踪迹；微量，少许28．disassemble vt.& vi.
29．hypothetical adj.假设的，假定的→ (pl. ) n．(有少量事实依据但
未被证实的)假说，假设；(凭空的)猜想，猜测
30．intuition n．直觉→ adj.凭直觉得到的，直觉的；有直觉力的
31． vt.证明……是错误(或虚假)的→(反)prove v．证明；证实；原来是
32．unease n．不安；忧虑→ adj.不安的；令人不安的；担心的→
adv.不稳定地，靠不住地，不确定地；不安地
33． n．令人惊异的人(或事)，奇迹→marvellous adj.令人惊奇的，奇特的，
非凡的；奇迹般的
34． n．(公开的)争论，争议，论战→controversial adj.引起争论的；有争议的
Ⅱ.核心短语
1．eager beaver
2．from scratch
3． 受欢迎，流行起来，变得时髦
4．at rest
5．in essence
Ⅲ.经典句型
1．as引导的非限制性定语从句
This intuitive thinking later played an important role in the development of his special theory of
relativity， in his 1949 Autobiographical Notes.
正如爱因斯坦在1949年的《自传笔记》中承认的那样，这种直觉思维后来在他的狭义相对
论的发展中发挥了重要作用。
2．过去分词短语作后置定语
Unfortunately ， now that we’ve tackled the technological problem of helping people see
clearly，we face an ethical dilemma ，
which are wearable computers in essence.
不幸的是，现在我们已经解决了帮助人们看清事物的技术问题，我们就面临着智能眼镜的发
展带来的道德困境，智能眼镜本质上是可穿戴计算机。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Cars powered by batteries made from seawater and planes fueled by ammonia(氨) will
become common over the next 10 years，Bill David，a professor of materials chemistry has
predicted.
Most batteries for electric cars and smartphones are powered by lithium(锂)，which has to be
mined，but David thinks that they will be overtaken by batteries made from sodium(钠)，which
can be obtained from seawater and salt.The future of air travel could also be greener thanks tobiofuels.
David said，“We are developing an ammonia-based plane.In principle，we can improve on
an Airbus A320 or a Boeing 787 and essentially replace jet fuel with ammonia.”
David said that batteries could，at first，combine sodium and lithium，as sodium was not
quite as powerful as lithium but is much more sufficient.“It’s not quite perfect in terms of
performance，so we need both，” David said.“Sodium is on the way up and most electric cars
have had a combination of lithium and sodium batteries in them.My estimate is that by 2040 I
would not be surprised if there were ten times more sodium batteries than lithium ones，maybe
even 100 times.”
The first generation of mass-produced sodium batteries has been used for an electric car for
the first time.Sodium will not be the final answer to eco-friendly air travel，however，which is
why David’s team is looking into the use of ammonia.Some companies are looking into whether
jet fuel can be replaced with hydrogen ， but David sees ammonia as more sustainable.He
said，“If you do the sums，then at 500mph you get the same amount of power as jet fuel，but
just 40 per cent of the range.However，even with the range hit，a 787 could still go from London
to New York.”
However，a report from the Royal Society on net-zero aviation，which David co-wrote，
says that replacing jet fuel with biofuel would require half of the agricultural land in the UK.
1．What is an advantage of sodium batteries?
A．Their performance is easy to improve.
B．Their raw material is easily accessible.
C．They are widely applied to various vehicles.
D．They are more powerful than other batteries.
2．According to David，which is ideal for future electric cars?
A．Lithium battery. B．Sodium battery.
C．Hydrogen fuel. D．Ammonia fuel.
3．What is paragraph 5 mainly about?
A．Hydrogen casts a light on jet fuel market.
B．Electric car makers favor sodium batteries.
C．Ammonia features sustainability and practicability.
D．Companies have mass-produced recycled batteries.
4．What’s David’s attitude to replacing jet fuel with biofuel?
A．Tolerant. B．Unclear.
C．Careful. D．Doubtful.
Ⅱ.七选五
The Importance of Inventions
They say necessity is the mother of invention，but invention drives the economy.The greatimportance of invention is that it solves problems and changes the world. 1 And it goes beyond
culture.The modern era is arguably the greatest time in the history of the world for innovation，but
none of it would have happened without the invention of electricity supplied on demand.With that
one advancement ， in came the fastest-changing period in human history and the greatest
population growth，too.
2 Even things like the toilet and modern plumbing made it possible to improve hygiene
and reduce exposure to human waste，which in turn made cities cleaner and more desirable to live
in.The modern bathroom also helped reduce the spread of disease，which in turn helped extend the
average life expectancy. 3
People eat better，and more safely，because of innovations we now take for granted like the
refrigerator，the oven and running tap water.Daily life at work has transformed because heavy-
lifting jobs can be done by forklifts.In fact，technology is reaching a new height. 4 More
people than ever before need to sit for work，with office jobs and the like changing our fitness
level and lowering the risk of injury during a workday.
Even entertainment has changed because no longer do people have to make their own fun by
playing games. 5 How people communicate，work，eat，travel，shop is all subject to
innovation and invention.Advances don’t always improve life，though，as many people are
learning through the constant-access struggles of smartphones and ever-present noise pollution in
cities.
A．Innovation shapes the way life is lived.
B．They can turn to their phone，TV or radio.
C．Factories are using robots for many tasks now.
D．They have affected the way we consume media.
E．Inventions influence all aspects of modern existence.
F．New technologies often simplify the average person’s life.
G．And that has led to the Earth’s population rising sharply in the last 150 years.
Ⅲ.应用文写作——建议信
假如你是大一新生李华，进入大学后，你发现学生缺乏创新能力，请给校长写一封信提
出一些合理化建议。内容包括：
1．学生创新能力的现状；
2．关于提高学生创新能力的建议；
3．创新能力的意义。
注意：写作词数应为80个左右。
