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2023届高考英语语法复习专项试卷：动词（1）
一、填空
1.Look！The plant ______________（与......相似）grass in appearance.
2.In China, a whole fish ______(symbol) richness. At a party, it is a tradition to serve the whole fish.
3.The graduation ceremony itself takes place at the end of May or the beginning of June, which usually
______(include) music, award, and a guest speaker.
4.For me, the library as well as the courses explain Harvard as the home of devoted scholars.
5.What's worse, many a person always litter here and there in the streets, which is of our great concern.
6.As we know, a clean city, where disease may be reduced and people's health may be better, are good
both to our mind and body.
7.Sports can help you forget all that make you unhappy and face school and life more positively.
8.Every day, he went to work before I get up, and comes hack home after I go to bed. But to me, it doesn't
matter at all, because he is a great hero in my mind.
9.Why do humans laugh? That question increasingly ______(interest) scientists around the globe.
10.The dust absorbs heat, warming up the atmosphere and making it circulate more strongly, which
_____(prevent) the formation of ice clouds.
11.This image that you create of yourself ______(determine) who you are and how you feel.
12.I doesn’t want a red apple. I want a green one.
13.The old man doesn't _________(hear) very well.
14.Reading widely ______(able) us to have a chance to broaden our horizons.
15.Preparing different kinds of food to satisfy guests’ tastes usually ________ (require) a lot of time.
二、语法填空
16.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sudan is the only male northern white rhino (犀牛) left in the world. That ①________(mean) Sudan,
42, is the last hope for avoiding extinction. ②________ (protect) him, officials have placed him under
24-hour armed guard at the OI Pejeta Conservancy in central Kenya. Sudan lives there ③________ two
female northern white rhinos, Fatu and Najin.
Northern white rhinos, ④________ can weigh up to 5,000 pounds, were once plentiful across
northern and central Africa. ⑤________ (hunter) have killed thousands of rhinos because
of ⑥________ high demand for the animals,horns (角). Rhino horns, believed to have medical effects, are
used in ⑦________ (tradition) Asian medicines. More than 1,000 rhinos ⑧________ (kill) in 2014 in
South Africa alone and fifty-four rhinos in Kenya, which has a much ⑨________ (small) population.
Sudan, Fatu, and Najin have had their horns ⑩________ (remove) so that they will not be hunted.
People hope Sudan and one of the females will be able to have a baby. Sudan is very old, but scientists will
not give up hope.
17. The heat wave that broke high temperature records in five European countries a week ago is now
over Greenland, ①_____(cause) the island's vast ice sheet to melt at near-record levels and a huge②_____(lose) of ice in the Arctic. On Wednesday alone, more than 10 billion tons of ice was lost to the
oceans by surface melting, which is equal ③_____ about 400,000 Olympic-sized swimming pools, said
Ruth Mottram, a climate scientist at the Danish Meteorological Institute.
Melting ④_____(increase) in recent decades because of climate change and has been decreasing the
accumulation of snow. Previously, during the 1970s and the 1980s, Greenland lost ⑤_____ average of 50
billion tons of ice each year. From 2010 to 2018, that figure shot up to 290 billion tons ⑥_____(annual).
This summer, the extent of the melting could surpass(超过) the record set in 2012, ⑦_____ about 97% of
the ice sheet's surface began to melt. NASA/JPL-Caltech reported at the time.
Greenland, the world's largest island, ⑧_____(lie) between the Atlantic and Arctic oceans, with 82% of
its surface ⑨_____(cover) by ice. A June 2019 study by scientists in the US and Denmark said melting ice
in Greenland alone will add between 5 and 33 centimetres to the rising ⑩_____(globe) sea levels by the
year 2100. If all the ice in Greenland melted, which would take centuries, the world's oceans would rise by
7.2 metres.答案以及解析
1.答案：resembles
解析：根据括号内词义，与..... 相似 可译为resemble。分析句子，结合句意，句子为一般现在时，
主语为单数名词，设空处应用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填: resembles。
2.答案：symbolises
解析：句意为: 在中国, 一整条鱼象征着财富。设空处为谓语动词, 主语是a whole fish, 为第三人称
单数, 故填symbolises。
3.答案：includes
解析：句意为: 毕业典礼一般在五月底或六月初举行, 通常包括音乐节目、毕业证书授予和特邀嘉
宾演讲等内容。设空处为定语从句的谓语动词, 关系词在从句中作主语, 先行词为The graduation
ceremony, 是第三人称单数, 故定语从句的谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。
4.答案：explain→explains
解析：当as well as连接两个并列成分作主语时, 其谓语动词通常与前面的主语保持人称和数的一致,
又因本句主语是the library, 所以谓语要用第三人称单数形式。故将explain改为explains。
5.答案：litter→litters
解析：句意为: 更糟糕的是, 许多人总是在街上到处扔垃圾, 这是我们非常关注的。固定短语"many
a(n)+单数名词"意为"许多的; 大量的", 但是其谓语动词要用单数形式。故将litter改为litters。
6.答案：are→is
解析：句意为: 正如我们所知, 一个干净的城市, 疾病可能会减少, 人们的健康状况可能会更好, 这对
我们的身心都有益。分析句子结构可知, 此处是句子的谓语, 主语a clean city是名词单数, 所以谓语
也应该用第三人称单数形式。故将are改为is。
7.答案：make→makes
解析：句意为: 运动可以帮助你忘记所有让你不快乐的事情, 证你更积极地面对学校和生活。分析
句子结构可知, 此处是一个定语从句, 先行词是all, 在此处意为"所有", 视为一个整体, 从句谓语动词
用第三人称单数形式。故将make改为makes。
8.答案：went→goes
解析：根据句中的时间状语Every day以及下文的get up, comes back和go to bed可知, 此处应用一
般现在时, 又因主语he是第三人称单数, 谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故将went改为goes。
9.答案：interests
解析：句意为: 人们为什么会笑? 这个问题越来越引起全球科学家的兴趣。设空处在句中作谓语, 且
陈述客观事实, 应用一般现在时, 主语为That question, 谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填
interests。
10.答案：prevents
解析：句意为: 尘埃吸收热量, 使大气升温, 使其更强烈地循环, 从而阻止了冰云的形成。从句中充
当主语的关系词which指代前面的句子, 和prevent是主动关系, 谓语用第三人称单数形式, 故填
prevents。11.答案：determines
解析：句意为: 你所创造的自身形象决定了你是谁, 你的感受如何。此空为谓语, 根据上下文可知,
时态为一般现在时, 主语(This image)为单数概念, 谓语应用第三人称单数形式, 故填determines。
12.答案：I want a red apple. I want a green one.
解析： I是第一人称，助动词用do；does用于第三人称单数形式；故把doesn't改为don't。
故填：doesn't改为don’t。
13.答案：hear
解析：
14.答案：enables
解析：分析可知, 此处应用动词作谓语, enable"使能够;使有机会", 动词词性, 句子陈述的是事实, 应
用一般现在时, 主语为动名词短语reading widely, 谓语应用第三人称单数形式, 故填enables。
15.答案：requires
解析： 句子的主语是Preparing different kinds of food to satisfy guests' tastes,为单数形式,因此谓语动
词使用单数,句子陈述事实,因此使用一般现在时,故答案为requires。
16.答案：1. means 2. To protect 3. with 4. which 5. Hunters 6. a 7. traditional 8. were killed 9. smaller 10.
removed
解析： ①考查动词时态。这里用一般现在时态，表示客观事实。句意：这意味着42岁的苏丹是避
免北方白犀牛灭绝的最后希望。故填 means。
②考查非谓语动词。这里用动词不定式作目的状语。句意：为了保护他肯尼亚中部的 OI Pejeta自
然保护区的官员将他置于24小时的武装警卫之下。故填 To protect。
③考查介词。with表示“和…一起”。句意：苏丹和两头雌性北方白犀牛Fatu和 Najin生活在一
起。故填with。
④考查非限制性定语从句。句中先行词 Northern white rhinos在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故用
关系代词 which。句意：北方白犀牛重可达5000磅，曾在非洲北部和中部大量繁殖。故填
which。
⑤考查名词复数。根据谓语have killed可知，用复数名词。句意：猎人杀死了成千上万的犀牛……。
故填 Hunters。
⑥考查冠词。名词 demand是可数名词，a在这里表示泛指。句意：……由于对犀牛角的需求量很
大。故填a。
⑦考查形容词。根据Asian medicines可知空格处用形容词，故用形容词形式。句意：犀牛角被认
为具有医疗作用，被用于传统的亚洲药物。故填traditional。
⑧考查语态。句中主语 rhinos与动词kill之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。句意：仅2014年，南
非就有超过1000头犀牛被杀……。故填 were killed。
⑨考查形容词比较级。根据空格前的much可知用 smaller。句意：……而肯尼亚的犀牛数量要少
得多。故填 smaller。⑩考查非谓语动词。本题考查have sth. done结构。句意：为了不被猎杀，苏丹、法图和纳金的犀
牛角都被去除掉了。故填 removed。
17.答案： ①causing ②loss ③to ④has increased/has been increasing ⑤an ⑥annually ⑦when ⑧lies
⑨covered ⑩global
解析：①句意为: 一周前在五个欧洲国家打破高温纪录的热浪现在正在格陵兰岛上空, 导致岛屿上
巨大的冰盖以接近纪录的速度融化, 也导致北极地区的冰层大量流失。is为本句的系动词, 动词
cause与其之间无连词连接, 应用非谓语动词形式作结果状语; 主语The heat wave与动词cause之间
为逻辑上的主动关系, 应用现在分词形式。故填causing。
②a为冠词, huge为形容词, 两者均修饰该空, 应用单数名词。故填loss。
③be equal to为固定搭配, 意为"等同于"。故填to。
④由时间状语in recent decades可知, 此处应使用现在完成时(表示过去的动作对现在的影响)或现在
完成进行时(强调动作从过去一直持续到现在并有可能继续下去), 主语Melting为第三人称单数形式。
故填has increased/has been increasing。
⑤an average of为固定搭配, 意为"平均"。故填an。
⑥此处表示"每年, 一年一次地", 应用副词作状语。故填annually。
⑦句意为: 今年夏天, 融化的程度可能超过2012年创下的纪录, 当时约97%的冰盖表面开始融化。分
析句子结构可知, 设空处引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作状语, 先行词为2012, 指时间, 故填
when。
⑧此处陈述的是客观事实, 用一般现在时; 主语为Greenland, 谓语动词用第三人称单数, 故填lies。
⑨此处为"with+宾语+宾补"结构, 宾语82% of its surface与动词cover之间是逻辑上的被动关系, 应用
过去分词形式。故填covered。
⑩此处修饰名词短语sea levels应用形容词。故填global。
