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2023届高考英语语法复习专项试卷：动词（4）
一、填空
1.The old man was utterly ________(吸引) in the book..
2.My brother took the pills for only three days before he fully recovered, so the medicine
_________(prove) effective.
3.An artist ____________ (inspire) by the scene painted this beautiful picture.
4.She treated the _________ (adopt) son as if he were her own.
5.Perhaps, one day, readers of F. Sott Fitzgerald's most admired work will find themselves__________
(glue) to their screens by episodes of The Great Gatsby.
6.With his attention ________(focus) on his book, he didn’t notice me enter his study.
7.________(tire) and hungry, the tourists wanted to find a restaurant to have something to eat.
8.Many students believe that they will choose their courses and universities __________(base) on their
own interests.
9.To save energy, we’d better buy the goods which can be r________.
10.Goats ' cheese may be ________ (加工) in many ways.
11.Athletes who have reached the agreed standard can be_______(admit)as competitors.
12.You’d better not get ___________ (annoy) at his ignorance.
13.She felt proud with her living ______ (earn) by herself.
14.These flowers will die unless ________(water) every day.
15.________(surround) by a crowd of fans, he couldn’t move a bit.
二、语法填空
16. Smell, more than any other sense, is deeply rooted in memory. It is believed by scientists ①_____
smells can recall feelings of distant memories. The scientists say ②_____ area of the brain assigns
memories to smells and stores ③_____(they) for decades. The area can instantly recall the memories with
great clearness years later if a person encounters the smell again. Christina Strauch, from the Ruhr
Universität Bochum in Germany, says smells ④______(store) in the olfactory brain. The word "olfactory"
means anything related ⑤_____ the sense of smell.
Many smells can transport us back to our childhood. Smells from cookies baking in the kitchen or the
smell of a home-made dish can bring back ⑥_____(amaze) memories of growing up. Some smells can
take you away to another point in time. Some smells can make you wish you ⑦_____(be) back in the past,
or make you want to escape, which depends on whether the smell has a positive or negative
⑧_____(associate). Some doctors partly depend on this for their patients. Smells can even encourage you
⑨_____(buy) things in stores. Many stores introduce certain smells to awake particular memories,
⑩_____ can make people buy things they loved years ago.
17.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。PM stands for particulate(微粒的) matter: the term for a mixture of solid particles(粒子) and liquid
droplets in the air. Some particles are large or dark enough to be seen by our eyes. Others are so small that
they can only ①________(discover) with a microscope.
These particles come in many sizes and ②________ (shape) and can be made up of many different
chemicals. Some come directly from a source, such as fields or fires. Most particles form ③________ the
atmosphere as a result of complex reactions of chemicals, ④________ are pollutants from power plants,
industries and automobiles.
Particulate matter ⑤________ (contain) microscopic particles that are so small that they can be
breathed in and make one ⑥________ (serious) ill. Some particles less than 10 micrometers in diameter
can get deep into your lungs ⑦________ some may even get into your bloodstream. Of these, particles
less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter, also known as PM2.5, create the ⑧________ (great) risk to health.
Fortunately, every day the Air Quality Index (AQI) tells you how clean or ⑨________ (pollute) your
outdoor air is, along with associated health effects that may be of concern. The AQI translates air quality
data into numbers and colors that help you understand when ⑩________ (take) action to protect your
health.答案以及解析
1.答案：absorbed
解析： 考查翻译填空。句意：那位老人全神贯注于这本书.be absorbed in是固定短语"全神贯注于"，
所以填：absorbed.
2.答案：proved
解析： 考查系动词prove的用法。句意是"我哥哥只吃了三天的药丸就康复了，所以这药证明是非
常起作用的。"句中prove是系动词，后面接形容词effective作表语，prove表示"证明是"，不用于
被动语态。由took可知句子是一般过去时态，所以prove用过去式proved.故答案是proved.
3.答案：inspired
解析： 句意：受现场启发的艺术家绘了这幅美丽的图画。考查翻译填空。根据句意及句子结构，
要填入动词，artist与inspire，之间是动宾关系，用过去分词作定语，故填inspired。
4.答案：adopted
解析： 句意：她对这个儿子就像自己亲生的一样。考查单词填空。根据后面的名词可知需要用形
容词，adopted收养的，故填adopted。
5.答案：glued
解析： 句意：也许，有一天，菲茨杰拉德最受赞赏的作品的读者会发现自己被《了不起的盖茨
比》的剧集完全吸引住了。分析句子可知，所给词glue这里表示"完全吸引；使专注于"之意，动词
find后面接复合宾语，themselves与glue之间为被动关系，应用过去分词glued作宾语补足语，表
示"发现自己被完全吸引"，故填glued.
6.答案：focused
解析：With his attention...his book,这句话是伴随状语,不构成一个完整的句子,不缺少谓语,考虑非谓
语动词。又因为他的注意力是被他聚焦,所以考虑被动。故正确答案为focused。
7.答案：Tired
解析： 句意：又累又饿，游客们想找家饭店吃点儿东西。此处是形容词作状语，表示"疲惫的"，
所以填Tired。
8.答案：based
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：许多学生认为他们会根据自己的兴趣来选择课程和大学。在that引
导的宾语从句中，谓语是will choose，宾语 their courses and universities故base要用非谓语形式，
base与名词courses and universities之间是被动关系，故填based。
9.答案：recycled
解析： 考查语态。句意：为了节约能源，我们最好购买可回收的物品。结合句意，定语从句的谓
语动词是含有情态动词的被动语态，故填recycled。
10.答案：processed
解析： process表示"加工"， cheese与process之间是动宾关系，要用情态动词的被动语态。故填
processed。
11.答案：admitted解析： 考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：只有达到商定标准的运动员才能被接纳为参赛者。分
析句子可知主语athletes和admit之间是被动关系，句中给出了will be，可知句子用一股将来时的
被动语态，admit用过去分词admitted。故填admitted。
12.答案：annoyed
解析： get是连系动词，后接形容词作表语；过去分词作表语，多半用来表示人物所处的心理状态
或情感变化，其主语多半是人。故填：annoyed。
13.答案：earned
解析：考查”with+o+oc” 结构, earn与逻辑主语her living 构成动宾关系，因此用过去分词。
14.答案：watered
解析：本题考查unless引导的条件状语从句的省略问题。当条件状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，
且从句的动词是be动词时,可将从句的主语和be动词一起省去。主句主语是the flowers, 从句主语
也是the flowers, 且与动词water（浇水）之间是被动关系，要用被动语态。由“every day(每天)”，
得知，时态是一般现在时。其完整形式: unless the flowers are watered every day。可以把“the
flowers are”省略，所以本空直接填入watered。
15.答案：Surrounded
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:被一群粉丝包围着,他动不了了。因为he和surround之间是被动关系,
所以用过去分词短语作状语。
16.答案：①that ②an ③them ④are stored ⑤to ⑥amazing ⑦were ⑧association ⑨to buy ⑩which
解析：①考查名词性从句。句意为: 科学家们相信气味能唤起关于遥远记忆的感觉。分析句子结构
可知, 此处引导主语从句, It为形式主语, 且从句中不缺成分, 句意完整, 应用that引导该从句。故填
that。
②考查冠词。句意为: 科学家们说, 大脑的一个区域将记忆分配给气味, 并将这些记忆储存几十年。
此处表泛指, 应用不定冠词, 且area的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
③考查代词。句意见上一题解析。此处作动词stores的宾语, 应用they的宾格形式。故填them。
④考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。句意为: 德国波鸿鲁尔大学的克里斯蒂娜•施特劳赫说, 气味
储存在嗅觉大脑中。分析句子结构可知, 此处陈述客观事实, 应用一般现在时, 从句主语smells与从
句谓语动词store之间是被动关系, 应用被动语态, 且smells为复数形式。故填are stored。
⑤考查介词。句意为: "olfactory"这个词是指任何与嗅觉有关的东西。be related to意为"与......有关",
为固定短语。故填to。
⑥考查词性转换。句意为: 厨房里烘烤的饼干的气味, 或者家里做的菜的气味, 都能勾起成长的美好
回忆。此处修饰名词memories, 应用形容词作定语, 意为"令人惊喜的"。故填amazing。
⑦考查虚拟语气。句意为: 有些气味会让你希望回到过去, 或者让你想要逃离, 这取决于这种气味是
有积极的还是消极的联想。wish后跟宾语从句时, 从句要用虚拟语气。此处表示与现在事实相反的
愿望, 从句的谓语动词应用一般过去时, be动词应用were。故填were。
⑧考查词性转换。句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知, positive和negative是形容词, 应修饰名
词, 此处作has的宾语。故填association。⑨考查非谓语动词。句意为: 气味甚至可以促使你去商店购物。encourage sb. to do sth.为固定搭配,
意为"促使、鼓励某人做某事"。故填to buy。
⑩考查定语从句。句意为: 许多商店会引入某些气味来唤起特定的记忆, 让人们购买多年前喜欢的
东西。分析句子结构可知, 此处引导非限制性定语从句, 修饰前面整个句子, 从句中缺少主语, 应用
关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
17.答案：1. be discovered2. shapes3. in4. which5. contains6. seriously7. and/while8. greatest9. polluted
10. to take
解析：①本题主要考查被动语态。分析成分可知，they和discover之间是被动关系，因此应用被动
语态。前有情态动词should，此处be动词应用原形。故正确答案为be discovered。
②本题主要考查名词。分析成分可知，此处和sizes并列，因此应用可数名词复数形式。shape作名
词意为“形状”，复数形式为shapes。故正确答案为shapes。
③本题主要考查介词。分析句子可知，particle应该是在atmosphere中。in表示“在……里面”。
故正确答案为in。
④本题主要考查连接词。分析句子可知， pollutants from power plants, industries and automobiles是
用来解释chemicals的，因此应用非限制性定语从句连词which。故正确答案为which。
⑤本题主要考查谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处为句子谓语动词，主语为Particulate matter，是单
数形式，因此谓语为第三人称单数形式contains故正确答案为contains。
⑥本题主要考查副词。分析句子成分可知，此处修饰形容词ill，故应用副词形式。serious是形容
词，意为“严重的”，副词为seriously。故正确答案为seriously。
⑦本题主要考查连词。分析句子成分可知，此处应是连词，连接前后句子，且为并列关系。故正
确答案为and/while。
⑧本题主要考查形容词最高级。根据空前的定冠词the可知，此处为形容词最高级形式。great是形
容词，意为“好的；大的”，最高级形式为greatest。，故正确答案为greatest。
⑨本题主要考查形容词。根据空前的连词or可知，此处与clean是并列关系。pollute是动词，意为
“污染”，形容词形式为polluted，意为“被污染的”。故正确答案为polluted。
⑩本题主要考查非谓语。“特殊疑问词+不定式”是固定搭配，when to take action表示“何时采取
行动”。故正确答案为to take。
