2018山东潍坊英语试卷+答案+解析(word整理版)_山东历年中考真题_山东省历年中考真题2013~2024_初中英语历年真题（2013-2024）

2018年潍坊市初中学业水平考试 (满分:120分 考试时间:120分钟) 第Ⅰ卷(共73分) 一、听力测试(共25小题;每小题1分,满分25分)(略) 二、单项选择(共8小题;每小题1分,满分8分) 从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 21.To prepare for trip to LA, Betty is making list of things to take along. A.the;the B.不填;a C.the;a D.a;不填 22.Students here often do physics experiments small groups. A.by B.in C.for D.at 23.The Three Gorges Dam produces for millions of people in China. A.electricity B.influence C.transport D.technology 24.Doctor Bethune sometimes had to treat the wounded on own. A.him B.his C.them D.their 25.—I always hate being late for school. — A.So am I. B.So do I. C.So I am. D.So I do. 26.The photos that won the first prize in the competition will be on the website. A.put away B.put off C.put up D.put on 27.You will still miss the flight you catch a Didi car. A.even if B.as if C.until D.before 28.We were all disappointed at . A.what does the boy say B.what the boy says C.what did the boy say D.what the boy said 三、完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分) 阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Riding a Mobike on the street, you might hear some people speaking Chinese aloud. Turning to the right, you see a Sichuan-style restaurant. After walking into a store, you see that Huawei smartphones are 29 . But you􀆳re not in China—you􀆳re in Manchester in Britain. In fact, you might see 30 things in many other cities. Chinese products have been 31 worldwide. Chinese food has been enjoyed in western countries for a long time. To 32 local people􀆳s tastes, Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the 33 . Unlike Chinese, Australian people don􀆳t like to eat meat with the bone 34 , so Chinese restaurants there provide big pieces of meat without bones, 35 for fish. Some Chinese brands(品牌)are also becoming more 36 . In many cities in Europe, stores sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers. And more than half of US-owned drones(无人机)are Chinese models. They􀆳re not simply made in China, but designed and developed in the 37 . In the past, most western people thought Chinese products were cheap and not dependable. But now, things have changed greatly.“Made in China” becomes cool. More and more people 38 Chinese brands. 29.A.for fun B.at work C.on sale D.in use 30.A.similar B.different C.common D.unusual 31.A.stored B.collected C.received D.accepted32.A.meet B.copy C.spread D.answer 33.A.kitchens B.drinksC.dishesD.services 34.A.upB.out C.on D.in 35.A.just B.even C.yet D.still 36.A.traditional B.expensive C.practical D.popular 37.A.country B.circle C.field D.town 38.A.sell B.trust C.improve D.question 四、阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A When she was just 9 years old, Katie Stagliano planted a cabbage seed(卷心菜种子)in a garden outside her house. She cared for it every day by watering it, weeding it and giving it plant food. It grew to be HUGE! Forty pounds huge! Katie wanted to do something special with this very special cabbage. With her mom􀆳s help, she decided to donate(捐赠)it to a local soup kitchen to help feed the hungry in her community of Summerville, South Carolina. When she arrived to make her donation, she saw a long line of people waiting for food. Then, Katie served her cabbage to the guest. As the many people thanked her, she knew she could and should do more to help. With the help of her parents and school, Katie􀆳s Krops was born! Katie􀆳s Krops plants gardens to grow food that is donated to local soup kitchens to feed the hungry. Katie􀆳s dream is to end hunger around the world. So, after she created several gardens in her community, she decided to do more. She wanted to help other kids create gardens in their communities! As of 2017, 7 years after she started, there are now 83 Katie􀆳s Krops gardens growing across the United States! All of the gardens are led by kids between the ages of 9 and 16. 39.What is “something special” Katie did at last in Paragraph 2? A.Building her first garden. B.Giving the cabbage plant food. C.Helping mom in the local soup kitchen. D.Donating the cabbage to people in need. 40.Who runs the 83 gardens? A.Hungry people there. B.Katie Stagliano herself. C.Teenagers from 9 to 16. D.Parents and schools together. 41.Katie􀆳s Krops . A.creates a lot of jobs for local people B.has its own soup kitchens everywhere C.is now all over South Carolina, the US D.helps fight hunger in their own communities 42.Katie􀆳s story sounds . A.encouraging B.relaxing C.boring D.tiring B43.Who plays the leading role in making decisions? A.Cat. B.Marc.C.Iggy. D.Barney. 44.The underlined word “awesome” probably means . A.awfulB.crazy C.nervous D.fantastic 45.What do we know about the Island Club? A.It􀆳s a new place for the three friends. B.It􀆳s one of the top clubs of UK. C.Coffee is always free there. D.Iggy prefers to eat there. C Researchers in the 1960s found bilingual(双语的)people scored higher on intelligence(智力)tests than monolinguals—people who speak only one language. The latest studies show that being bilingual does not necessarily make people cleverer, but it probably does make you better at certain skills. Imagine driving down the highway. There􀆳re many things that could attract your attention and you really need to be able to watch all of them. Why would bilingualism make you any better at that?The answer is that bilingual people are often better at controlling their attention—a function(功能)called the executive control system. It􀆳s quite possibly the most important system we have because it􀆳s where all of your decisions about what to attend to, what to ignore(忽视), what to process are made. The best method to measure(测量)the executive control system is called the Stroop Test. Suppose you would have the word “blue” written in red, but you have to say the colour red. But “blue” is so eye-catching, and you really want to say “blue”. You need to ignore it so that you can say the colour red. That􀆳s the Stroop Test. Bilingual people continually practice this function. They have to, because both languages are active in their brain at the same time. They need to ignore one to be able to speak in the other. This exercise might help in other ways, too. Researchers say bilingual children are more likely to have friends from different cultures. Bilingual adults are often four to five years later than others in developing Alzheimer􀆳s disease. 46.What did the recent research find about bilingual people? A.They can safely drive their cars. B.They can well manage their attention. C.They can have a better control of imagination. D.They can easily pick out the colours they want. 47.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A.Red. B.Blue. C.Test. D.System. 48.What can we learn from the last paragraph? A.Bilingualism may do harm to people􀆳s health. B.Bilingualism helps children make more foreign friends. C.People must practice speaking two languages continually. D.People use more active words from their mother languages. 49.What might be the best title for the text? A.How does the Stroop Test work? B.What is executive control system? C.Are monolingual people smarter? D.Are bilingual people better at some skills? D It seems that food deliverymen(送货员)are always in a hurry. They wear blue, red or yellow helmets and many of them don􀆳t follow traffic rules. 50 They use mobile phones while driving. These rude behaviors have caught the public􀆳s attention. In the first half of 2017, food deliverymen had 76 traffic accidents in Shanghai, according to Shanghai Public Security Bureau. That means every two and a half days, a food deliveryman will die or get hurt on the road. 51 The strict rules of the food delivery service companies and the anxious customers may be the answer. Many companies will fine(罚款)a deliveryman up to 2,000 yuan, if he fails to deliver an order on time, reported China Daily. 52 To solve the problem, food delivery service companies need to improve their incentive systems, noted CRI Online. 53 Shanghai has asked companies to train their deliverymen on traffic rules and safety. Now in Shenzhen, if a deliveryman gets caught breaking traffic rules more than twice, then he will be banned(禁止)from driving food service delivery vehicles for a whole year. 根据短文内容,从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项,选项中有一项为多余选项。 A.Some cities are also taking action. B.What are the strict rules used for? C.What makes deliverymen take such risks? D.Fines also go to those who get bad reviews from customers. E.They drive on the wrong side of the road and run red lights. 第Ⅱ卷(共47分) 五、词汇应用(共12小题;每小题1分,满分12分) 阅读下面的短文,用括号内所给词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词。 I live in Pennsylvania. It is a 1 (north)state of America, which is the 33rd 2 (large)state in America. You might know some of the cities, like Philadelphia, Pittsburgh and Allentown. The state capital is Harrisburg. Now let me tell you a little more about my state. Several Indian tribes(部落)lived in Pennsylvania before 3 (Europe)came. The Dutch came first, 4 (follow)by Sweden. England started colonies(殖民地)later. After a few fights, they 5 (take)control of the land. Pennsylvania 6 (give)to the Penn family later. That is how Pennsylvania got its name. Pennsylvania was the 7 (two)to join the nation. The city of Philadelphia 8 (be)an important city since the colony was founded. It was even the capital of America, too! Today, Pennsylvania is sometimes regarded as the snack capital of the country. It is famous for snacks, like pretzels and chips, Heinz ketchup and sauces. There is also Hershey, which is well 9 (know)as the chocolate company. There are steel companies in the state, as well as a lot of colleges. There are plenty of things 10 (do)in Pennsylvania. There are several major sports teams. Pennsylvania has 121 state parks, and they all have free 11 (enter). Hunting is popular here, too. Are you thinking about 12 (visit)the state? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 六、翻译句子(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分) 用括号内所给的词或短语,将下列句子翻译成英语。 1.那就是李华头疼的原因。(why) 2.新图书馆将会比旧的大多了。(than) 3.韩梅,高个子,黑色长发。(with) 4.你最好一回家先做作业。(as soon as) 5.我表姐每周花两个小时的时间学京剧。(spend...in...) 七、阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分) 阅读下面的短文,根据短文后的要求答题。 Sometimes it may seem that what you are learning at school will be of no use in the future . It may seem that you􀆳re wasting your life away. But you will be surprised to find how much of what you learnt at school is helpful to you one day. Three people were asked what they found useful at school, and their thoughts are shared below. When I used to ask my teacher how to spell something, she often said, I don􀆳t know. Then she would take out the dictionary and look it up. She was not ashamed to say that she didn􀆳t know the answer. I learnt two things. You don􀆳t have to know ; and if you don􀆳t know how to spell something, just get the dictionary out. Both are very useful lessons! John Ring Bicester, United Kingdom In school, you also learn to deal with life in general. Little mistakes can seem to be very serious. Wear the wrong clothes and it seems that everyone is laughing at you. Get too close to a boy too fast and everyone talks about you. You want to go into a hole and die! But the truth is that life goes on. You might feel that what you did “wrong” will never ever be forgotten. However, if you can be brave and keep on, you will find that whatever happened will pass and you will start to enjoy life again. Lindsey Smith Boston, United States We had a class called Guidance and in it we learnt about making good decisions in life. I found it pretty boring and didn􀆳t pay much attention. One day the teacher made us guess which appliance(家电)we should buy first once we had our own homes. The answer was a fridge. I learnt that it was true once I had my own place. The first day I bought some chicken meat. By dinner time it smelled and I couldn􀆳t even eat it! My housemate and I started saving to buy a fridge right away. Robert Knight Cape Town, South Africa 1.Please translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.(请将文中画线句子翻译成汉语) 2.Fill in the blank with one proper word to complete the sentence in John􀆳s thought.(请在John的文段空白处填入一个恰当的词,使句意完整) 3.Find out the two little “serious” mistakes mentioned by Lindsey.(no more than 15 words)(请找出Lindsey提到的两个“严重”的小错误,15词以内) (1) (2) 4.Why is a fridge considered the first choice of appliance by Robert and his teacher?(请根据短文内容回答问题) 5.What is the text mainly about?(no more than 15 words)(请根据短文内容回答问题,15词以内) 八、写作(满分15分) 人总要慢慢长大,那些曾经的过往成就了未来的你。读完上述阅读表达内容,根据图表提示,请你也用英语分享一下学校生活中让你受益的人或事。 内容包括: 1.具体是什么; 2.学到了什么。 注意: 1.词数80左右; 2.文中不要出现考生本人的真实信息。2018年潍坊市初中学业水平考试 答案速查 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 C B A B B C A D C A 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 D A C D B D A B D C 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 D A C D A B B B D E 51 52 53 C D A 第Ⅰ卷 二、单项选择 21.C 句意:为了准备去洛杉矶的旅行,贝蒂正在列一张要带的东西的清单。本题考查冠词。第一个空特指即将进行的旅行,用定冠词the;第二个空表示正在列一个清单,make a list of...意为“列一个……的清单”,表示单数,list以辅音音素开头,用不定冠 词a。故选C。 22.B 句意:这里的学生经常以小组的形式做物理实验。本题考查介词。in small groups为固定搭配,意为“以小组的形式”。介词in可以表示“用,以(材料、手段、方法等)”,故选B。 23.A 句意:三峡大坝为中国数百万人供电。本题考查名词。electricity电;influence影响;transport运输;technology技术。三峡大坝是一个水力发电工程,故选A。 24.B 句意:白求恩医生有时不得不自己治疗伤员。本题考查代词。him宾格,他;his形容词性物主代词,他的;them宾格,他们;their形容词性物主代词,他们的。 25.B 句意:——我一直讨厌上学迟到。——我也是。本题考查倒装句。“so+助动词+主语”结构主要用来说明前面所说的情况,也同样适用于后面的人或物,意为“……也一样”。本句为肯定形式的倒装,强调“我”也讨厌上学迟到。 26.C 句意:在比赛中获得一等奖的照片将被刊登在网站上。本题考查动词短语。根据句意,照片应该是被刊登或放在网站上,故选C。 27.A 句意:即使你赶上滴滴汽车,你还是会错过这次航班。本题考查连词。even if即使;as if好像,似乎;until直到……为止;before在……之前。根据句意可知选A。 28.D 句意:我们都对那个男孩说的话感到失望。本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句中应用陈述句语序,并且此处应用过去时态,故选D。 三、完形填空 [语篇解读] 以前,许多西方人认为中国产品便宜,质量不好,但是现在情况发生了变化。越来越多的人信任中国品牌,中国品牌在世界各地都有销售。 29.C 根据After walking into a store, you see that Huawei smartphones are...(当你走进一个商店,你会看到华为智能手机……)可以判断,华为手机正在销售,故选C。for fun为了好玩;at work在工作;on sale在销售;in use在使用中。 30.A 句意:事实上,你可能在其他许多城市也看到类似的事情。similar相似的;different不同的;common普通的;unusual不寻常的。 31.D 句意:中国产品已经被世界各国接受。本句为被动语态的现在完成时态,选项中的动词用的是过去分词形式。store储存;collect收集;receive收到;accept接受。根据句意选D。 32.A meet相遇,满足;copy复制;spread展开;answer回答。由下文可知中国餐馆已经做出了一些改变,故判断本句意为“为了满足当地人的口味”,故选A。 33.C 根据上句判断,中国餐馆对菜肴做出了一些改变,故选C。dish菜肴;kitchen厨房;drink饮料;service服务。 34.D up向上;out外面的;on在……上。句意:与中国人不同,澳大利亚人不喜欢里面有骨头的肉。in意为“在……里面”,故选D。 35.B just刚才,仅仅,只是;even甚至;yet还,已经;still仍然。句意:……因此那里的中国餐馆提供没有骨头的大块的肉,甚至是鱼。根据句意可知选B。 36.D 根据下文可知,许多欧洲城市都销售中国产品,因此判断,一些中国品牌正变得更受欢迎。traditional传统的;expensive昂贵的;practical实际的;popular受欢迎的,故选D。 37.A country国家;circle圈子;field领域;town城镇。句意:它们不仅仅是中国制造的,还是在国内设计和开发的。中国是一个国家,故选A。 38.B 根据文章大意可知,本句想要表达的意思是“越来越多的人信任中国品牌”。sell销售;trust信任;improve提高;question怀疑。故选B。 四、阅读理解 A [语篇解读] 在9岁时,凯蒂种出来一颗巨大的卷心菜,她把卷心菜捐给了有需要的人。后来,在父母和学校的帮助下,凯蒂成立了Katie􀆳s Krops去帮助社区里面那些饥饿的人们。 39.D 细节理解题。第二段第二句意为“在她妈妈的帮助下,她决定把卷心菜捐献给当地的一个流动厨房,帮助南卡罗来纳州萨默维尔社区的饥饿者”,因此可以得知她把卷心菜捐给了有需要的人。 40.C 细节理解题。根据文章最后一句话可知,所有的菜园都是由9到16岁的孩子们带头管理的,故选C。 41.D 细节理解题。A选项意思是“为当地人创造了许多工作机会”,B选项意思是“到处都有自己的流动厨房”,C选项意思是“现在遍及南卡罗来纳州”,D选项意思是“帮助消除他们自己社区的饥饿者”。根据第四段和第五段内容可知应选 D。 42.A 主旨大意题。根据对整个故事的理解可知,这个故事是充满正能量的。encouraging令人鼓舞的;relaxing令人放松的;boring无聊的;tiring累人的。故选A。 B [语篇解读] 这是一个群聊的聊天记录。几个朋友在商量外出活动的事情。 43.C 细节理解题。题干意为“谁在决策中起主导作用?”,根据聊天记录,可以看出Iggy为主要发言人,其他人都在问他的意见,另外,聊天记录最后一条Iggy说“I just always have the best ideas.”,由此可知应选C。 44.D 词义猜测题。根据下面一句“Yeah,my mate Barney knows it, says there􀆳s a great DJ, amazing dance music.”可知The Island Club有很棒的DJ和舞曲,可以推测awesome应该表示“很棒”的意思。故选D。 45.A 细节理解题。根据第六个发言框中的“Found out about a new place last night, check this out.”可知,这对于他们来说是一个新地方。故应选A。 C [语篇解读] 讲双语的人一定比只说一种语言的人聪明吗?最新研究发现,不一定是这样,但是他们在某些技能方面的确有较高的水平。本文详细介绍了原因。 46.B 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的“bilingual people are often better at controlling their attention”可知说双语的人更善于控制自己的注意力,故应选B。 47.B 细节理解题。第四段倒数第二、三句的句意:但是“蓝色”如此引人注目,你真的想说“蓝色”。你需要忽视它,以便你能说出“红色”。根据句意可知,这里的它指的是前面一句的“蓝色”。故选B。48.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段第五句话“Researchers say bilingual children are more likely to have friends from different cultures.”可知应选B。 49.D 主旨大意题。根据对全文的理解可知,本文讲的是说两种语言的人在一些技能方面比说一种语言的人有优势。故应选D项,意为“说双语的人在某些技能方面更擅长吗?” D [语篇解读] 外卖送货员总是匆匆忙忙,他们开车逆行,闯红灯,违反交通规则,非常危险。应该如何处理这些问题?针对这种情况,有些城市已经采取了措施。 50.E 根据上下文判断,这里应该是列举送货员违反交通规则的例子。E选项意为“他们开车逆行还闯红灯”。 51.C 根据后面一句“The strict rules of the food delivery service companies and the anxious customers may be the answer.”可知,讲的是送货员着急的原因。故选C,意为“什么让送货员冒这样的风险?” 52.D 上一句给出了公司罚款的原因是送餐不及时,本句仍然在谈论罚款;并且“Fines”与上文“...will fine a...”的内容对应。故选D。 53.A 前文讲公司应该改善激励系统,下文举例子说上海已经要求公司在交通规则和安全方面培训送货员。所以,本空应该是一个起到承上启下作用的句子,故选A,意为“一些城市也在采取行动。” 第Ⅱ卷 五、词汇应用 [语篇解读] 本文介绍了宾夕法尼亚州的历史、地理、经济和文化。 1.northern 修饰名词state应该用形容词,north的形容词形式为northern。 2.largest 句意:……它是美国第33大州。large为形容词,前面用the+序数词,此处应为最高级largest。 3.Europeans 句意:在欧洲人来之前,几个印第安部落生活在宾夕法尼亚。Europeans为名词European(欧洲人)的复数形式。 4.followed 句意:荷兰人先来,其次是瑞典。followed by...为固定搭配,意为“接着是,然后是”。 5.took 句意:经过几次战斗,他们控制了这块土地。根据语境可知需用动词过去式。take的过去式为took。 6.was given 句意:宾夕法尼亚后来被授予Penn家族。此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。 7.second/2nd 前面有定冠词the,此处应为序数词。 8.has been 根据“since the colony was founded”可知,此处应该用现在完成时态。主语是The city of Philadelphia,故助动词用第三人称单数形式has。 9.known 短语be well known as...意为“作为……而著名”。 10.to do 句意:在宾夕法尼亚有很多事情要做。此处用动词不定式表示目的。 11.entry/entrance 句意:宾夕法尼亚有121个州立公园,而且它们都有免费的入口。此处应该填enter的名词形式entry或者entrance。 12.visiting 介词about后面接v.-ing,故应填visiting。 六、翻译句子 1.That􀆳s(the reason)why Li Hua has(got)/gets/suffers from a headache. that is(the reason)why...是固定句型,头疼可用have a headache, get a headache或suffer from a headache来表示。谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 2.The new library will be much bigger than the old one. 根据句意可知应该用一般将来时和形容词的比较级。修饰比较级一般用much, even, still, far等。 3.Han Mei is tall/a tall girl with long black hair. with在此处表示“具有”。 4.You􀆳d better do your homework first as soon as you come(back)/get/arrive home. as soon as引导时间状语从句,had better do sth.表示“最好做某事”。“回家”可以用以下方法表达:get home, arrive home, go back home或come back home。 5.My cousin spends two hours in learning Beijing Opera every/each week. spend...in...表示“花费……做……”,后面接动v.-ing, in可以省略。句型为sb. spend(s) some time (in) doing sth.。 七、阅读表达 [语篇解读] 在学校里学到的东西有时候看起来是没有用的,但是有一天你会惊奇地发现这些东西对你很有帮助。那些过往成就了未来的你。文中三个人分享了他们的观点。 1.有时候,似乎你在学校学到的东西在将来会毫无用处。 It seems that...结构意为“似乎……”;be of no use毫无用处。 2.everything 句意:你不必知道每一件事,如果你不知道怎么拼写某个(单词),就把字典拿出来。 3.(1)Wearing the wrong clothes.(2)Getting too close to a boy too fast. 根据第二个框中第三句和第四句可知。 4.Because a fridge can keep food fresh. 根据第三个框中第六句和第七句可知,因为没有冰箱,Robert买来的鸡肉很快就变质了。所以,首先要买一台冰箱的原因是冰箱能够保鲜。 5.Useful things we learnt at school. 本文主要内容是讲一些我们在学校学到的看似没有用的东西后来变得很有用。因此文章主题就是我们在学校学到的有用的东西。 八、写作 [写作提示] 本题要求分享学校生活中让你受益的人或事,为记叙文。应使用一般过去时和第一人称。写作要点包括:1.要分享的事是什么;2.你从中学到了什么。 [参考范文] I hated running because it often made me feel hot all over and have a stomachache. My PE teacher advised me to walk first and then try running. So I did it every day after school. I continued doing it for more than two years. Thanks to my PE teacher, last month I passed the running test successfully. From this I learn that we should start everything with the easiest and make progress little by little. And of course, we must keep trying our best.