2021潍坊英语试卷+答案+解析(word整理版)_山东历年中考真题_山东省历年中考真题2013~2024_初中英语历年真题（2013-2024）

年潍坊市初中学业水平考试 一、阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 1.The underlined word “weird” in Picture 2 has the similar meaning to . A.awful B.strange C.fantastic D.interesting 2.In Alex􀆳s opinion, . A.Dave is different B.ballet is only for girls C.football is only for boys D.Tony is worried about his feet 3.The three boys are mainly talking about . A.dances B.sports C.hobbies D.classes B The 6-year-old girl, Ruby, lived in New Orleans, Louisiana. She was supposed to go to school close to her home. But all the students in that school were white. Ruby was black. School leaders didn􀆳t want to accept her, so they made Ruby take a hard examand hoped she would fail. But Ruby was so smart that she passed the test easily and was finally allowed to go to the school. Ruby was excited about her new school. But when she and her mom arrived on her first day, she saw a crowd of angry people shouting very cruel things at the gate. They did not want a black child to attend the school. “I had no idea what was happening,” remembered Ruby. She thought the crowd was celebrating something. Each day, Ruby went to school with four police officers who worked for the national government to protect her. The sight of this small girl with her big bodyguards moved the artist Norman Rockwell. He created a painting of Ruby. He called it “The Problem We All Live With”. It became a very famous painting. Ruby grew up to be a civil rights activist. She worked to protect the rights given to all citizens by the government. She even went to the White House to meet President Barack Obama. They looked at Mr. Rockwell􀆳s painting. It hung outside the Oval Office. “We should never judge a person by the color of their skin,” Ruby said. “That􀆳s the lesson I learned in first grade.” 4.How could Ruby get the chance to go to the school? A.By meeting the president. B.By passing a difficult exam. C.By visiting the school leaders. D.By asking for help from the government. 5.What was the crowd probably shouting at the school gate? A.No seats for black! B.Congratulations! C.Let her in! D.Welcome! 6.Why did Mr. Rockwell create the painting? A.To celebrate Ruby􀆳s success. B.To present his painting skills. C.To praise the four police officers. D.To show the serious social problem in the US. 7.What lesson did Ruby learn in first grade? A.Fight for your rights. B.Intelligence(智商) is valuable. C.Treat people of different colors equally(平等地). D.Get help from the police when in trouble. C Everything is made of something. Nothing is made of nothing. Chemistry is about the smallest things that other bigger things are made of, and what happens when they change. The word chemistry comes from chemical, which is an example of one type of the very small things that other bigger things are made of. The words you are reading now are made of a dark liquid called ink(墨水), which is written on paper. The paper itself is made out of the chemicals that wood is made out of. Both the ink and the paper were made by different chemical processes. A chemical process is what happens when chemicals come together to make other chemicals, and therefore other things.Cooking makes chemical changes. Your different ingredients are made of different chemicals, and when you put them together and make them hot and cook them, the chemicals change into new chemicals and the different ingredients make something new. That tomato sauce you􀆳re making is made of tomatoes, onions, garlic, salt and pepper. Those ingredients each have their own chemicals and their own flavors, but now with your sauce you􀆳ve made something different, something that has its own flavor, all the ingredients mixed together, all the chemicals mixed together, something new. You can smell the chemical changes, too, as they go up into your nose, especially when you forget about your sauce and it doesn􀆳t just cook but burns and becomes black and has a really bad flavor. You can􀆳t make it better, either, because once chemicals change, they can􀆳t be changed back again. 8.What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A.Chemistry. B.Chemical. C.The smallest things. D.The bigger things. 9.What is a chemical process? A.Ink is written on paper. B.Paper is made out of wood. C.Everything is made of something. D.Things mixed together produce something new. 10.What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A.How to make tomato sauce. B.What to use to form new things. C.Ingredients and their own flavors. D.Chemical changes in cooking food. 11.Which might be the best title for the text? A.What chemistry is like B.Chemistry changes everything C.Where the word chemistry comes from D.A chemical process is called chemistry D Every time you􀆳re online, you are bombarded (如炮轰)by pictures, articles, links and videos trying to tell their story. 12 . Read these tips, and don􀆳t get fooled by fake news!1.Check the source (来源) 13 . Does it look real? Is the text well written? Fake news websites often use addresses that sound like real newspapers, but don􀆳t have many real stories about other topics. 2.Watch out for fake photos Many fake news stories use images(图像)that are photoshopped or taken from an unrelated site. Sometimes, if you just look closely at an image, you can see if it has been changed. Or use a tool like Google Reverse Image Search. 3. 14 Look to see if the story you are reading is on other news sites that you know and trust. If you do find it on many other sites, then it probably isn􀆳t fake(although there are some exceptions). 4.Look for other signs There are other methods that fake news uses. These include using ALL CAPS (全大 写) and lots of ads that come out when you click on a link. 15 . If the news story makes you angry, it􀆳s probably designed to make you angry. If you know these things about online news, and can use them in your everyday life, then you have the control over what to read and what to believe. If you find a news story that you know is fake, the most important advice is: don􀆳t share it! 根据短文内容,从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项,选项中有一项为多余选 项。 A.Check the story in other places B.Unluckily, not all of these stories are true C.Fake news stories often spread much faster D.Also, think about how the story makes you feel E.Look at the website where the story comes from 二、语言知识运用(共20小题;每小题1分, 满分20分) A 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项。 Space suits don􀆳t just make astronauts look cool. Without these 16 suits, astronauts wouldn􀆳t be able to leave their spaceship. That is to say, they wouldn􀆳t be able to 17 on the Moon or work outside the International Space Station. Space is a 18 place for human beings. Firstly, there is no air to breathe. Secondly, space also has high levels of radiation(辐射),energy that can pass through our bodies and make us 19 . Thirdly, some parts of space are really cold 20 other parts are very hot. So astronauts could die in just a few seconds if they 21 outsidetheir spaceship without their suits. With a space suit, though, astronauts can move around in space for several hours. Space suits keep astronauts 22 sealed(密封的)inside. A backpack sends O in to 2 let astronauts breathe normally. At the same time, the CO 23 astronauts breathe 2 out is sucked away. The suit also protects them from harmful radiation and fast-moving space dust. 24 the space suit is another suit that looks like a pair of tight pajamas(睡 衣)with little pipes running through them. Water runs through these pipes to 25 astronauts because wearing a space suit can make astronauts very hot! 16.A.private B.special C.plastic D.expensive 17.A.run B.walk C.live D.surf 18.A.funny B.natural C.beautiful D.dangerous 19.A.sickB.bored C.strong D.relaxed 20.A.after B.since C.before D.while 21.A.rushed B.jumpedC.steppedD.escaped 22.A.safely B.quicklyC.quietly D.terribly 23.A.whoB.this C.that D.whether 24.A.Above B.Under C.BehindD.Between 25.A.wash away B.warm up C.cool off D.clean out B 阅读下面短文,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词。 I knew that my father􀆳s aunt, Betsey Trotwood, lived somewhere near Dover, so I decided to look for her. I had to walk there and the journey took six long days. When I got to Dover, I asked a few people and they told me where 26 (go). When Miss Betsey saw me, she shouted,“Go away! Don􀆳t walk on my grass!” “Please, madam,” I said bravely, “please, Aunt Betsey...” “What!” she cried, 27 (look) at me in great surprise. “Please, Aunt Betsey, I􀆳m your nephew David Copperfield. You came on the night I was born and saw my dear mother. My life 28 (be) very miserable since she died. My stepfather sent me to work in London and I hated it and ran away. Then someone stole my money and I had to walk...” I felt weak and suddenly fell to the ground. My aunt picked me up and took me into her sitting room. While I 29 (eat), my aunt asked me a lot of questions. I was tired after the long day. Soon I fell asleep in a warm, 30 (comfort) bed. Several days 31 (late) my stepfather, Mr. Murdstone arrived. “David is a very bad boy, violent and lazy, maybe the 32 (bad) boy in the world,” he said 33 (angry). “We found him a good job in London but he ran away. Now he must 34 (punish)!”Aunt Betsey listened to him carefully and 35 (reply), “I don􀆳t believe a word you say. I know you􀆳ve been cruel to this boy and his poor mother. I􀆳ll look after David from now on. Now get out of here!” 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 三、翻译句子(共4小题;每小题1.5分, 满分6分) 用括号内所给的词或短语, 将下列句子翻译成英语。 36.浪费这么好吃的食物真是可惜。(waste, such) 37.袁隆平被誉为“杂交水稻(hybrid rice)之父”。(name) 38.昨天经过讨论,我们才知道如何解决这个问题。(not...until...) 39.中国的祝融号火星探测器(Zhurong rover)已经成功登陆火星(Mars)。 (land on) 四、阅读表达(共5小题;满分9分。其中第41小题1分,其余每小题2分) 阅读下面的短文, 根据短文后的要求答题。 Long, long ago, there lived an unhappy king. He slept badly and didn􀆳t feel like eating. One day, a doctor was called in to examine the king. But he found nothing wrong with his body. “It􀆳s all in his mind. Neither medicine nor rest can help him. What he needs is the shirt of a happy person to wear. That􀆳ll make him happy.” The prime minister was called to the palace. But he said that he had a lot of power, it didn􀆳t make him happy. He always worried that many people were trying to take his position. Then the banker came. “Oh, I􀆳m afraid I􀆳m not happy, either,” he said. “I have a lot of wealth, but I feel nervous when I think someone tries to steal my money every day.” Finally, the top general was told to go out and find a happy man in three days. He searched and searched but couldn􀆳t find anyone. It seemed that everyone had their own problems, and no one was truly happy. Two days passed. Just as he was about to give up, he saw a poor man on the street eating with his hands and singing happily to himself. The general went up to him and asked, “What makes you so happy? You have no power, money or fame.” The poor man smiled, “ I have everything I want , and I don􀆳t want what I can􀆳t have . So I􀆳m happy.” “Great! You are the very man I􀆳m looking for,” the general said in great joy. “Then I need to give your shirt to our king. How much do you want for it?” “Shirt? I􀆳ve no shirt at all.” 40.What was wrong with the king?(根据短文内容回答问题) 41.Fill in the blank in Paragraph 2 with a proper word. (在第二段空白处填入一个恰当的 词, 使句意完整)42.According to the passage, both the prime minister and the banker felt unhappy because they always worried about what they had got. (在句子空白处填入一个恰当的词,使 句意完整,语法正确) 43.Why was it hard for the general to find a happy man?(根据短文内容回答问题) 44.Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. (将文中画线句子翻译成汉语) 五、写作(满分15分) Teens Around the World是一个国际青少年网站, 近日有人发帖, 讨论“发现生活中的 小欢喜”。假设你是李华,请结合自己的生活体会,用英语跟帖。 注意: 1.不要出现考生本人信息; 2.80词左右。 Teens Around the World nearly forget how to smile. In fact, little happiness is everywhere in our daily life. Try to think about one thing that makes you feel Li Hua, China 24 2021年潍坊市初中学业水平考试(参考答案) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 B B C B A D C C D D 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 A B E A D B B D A D 21 22 23 24 25 C A C B C一、阅读理解 A [语篇解读] 本文是一段对话, 内容是三个男孩在谈论兴趣爱好,男孩Tony喜欢芭蕾,引起了 争议。 1.B 词义猜测题。依据第5幅图中Alex的话“it􀆳s different”可知,Alex认为一个男孩跳芭 蕾舞是奇怪的。故答案选B。 2.B 推理判断题。依据Alex对Tony的嘲笑可知他认为男孩不该跳芭蕾舞。故答案选B。 3.C 主旨大意题。对话以Tony喜欢跳芭蕾舞展开,所以主要是谈论个人爱好。故答案选 C。 B [语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文, 文章讲述黑人女孩Ruby想去上学,却因为黑人身份受到层 层阻碍。长大后Ruby成了一个民权活动家,致力于保护政府赋予所有公民的权利。 4.B 细节理解题。依据第一段后两句话可知,Ruby通过了一场高难度的考试,从而获得了入 学机会。故答案选B。 5.A 推理判断题。依据第二段第三句话可知,围在门口的人们不希望黑人上这所学校。由 此可以推测“No seats for black!”可能是他们喊的话。故答案选A。 6.D 推理判断题。依据油画的名称“The Problem We All Live With”可知,他想通过这幅 画展现美国严重的社会问题。故答案选D。 7.C 细节理解题。最后一段中That指代前面We should never judge a person by the color of their skin。由此可知,答案选C。 C [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了化学的相关知识。 8.C 词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句...the smallest things that...可知,此处they指的是最小 物质。故答案选C。 9.D 细节理解题。由第二段最后一句可知,化学过程是指不同的化学品结合在一起,生成新 物质的过程。故答案选D。 10.D 段落大意题。由第三段首句及下文制作番茄酱的例子可知,第三段主要讲述烹饪中的 化学变化。故答案选D。 11.A 标题归纳题。本文主要讲述化学的相关知识。故答案选A。 D [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了几种辨别假新闻的方法。 12.B 设空处起到承上启下的作用,主要表达并非所有的故事都是真实的。故答案选B。 13.E 通过小标题可知本段主要讲述查看新闻的来源。E项符合语境。故答案选E。 14.A 设空处为小标题,通过该小标题下的第一句可知,这个建议是在其他地方核实这则报道。 故答案选A。 15.D 通过下文(如果这则新闻报道让你很生气,这很可能是故意为之。)可知,设空处是指思 考一下新闻报道带给你的感受。故答案选D。 二、语言知识运用 A [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍太空服的作用。 16.B 依据下文可知,没有太空服,宇航员无法离开宇宙飞船。由此可知,太空服不同于一般 的服装。special意为“特殊的”,符合语境。故答案选B。 17.B 本句是对上一句的进一步解释,这里说的是,如果没有太空服,他们就不能在月球上行 走或在空间站外面工作。故答案选B。 18.D 由下文列出的三点内容可知,太空对人类来说是危险的。故答案选D。 19.A 依据常识可知,辐射会致病。故答案选A。 20.D 根据设空处前后的意思可知,在太空中,有些地方很冷,而有些地方却很热。while意为 “然而”,表示对比。故答案选D。 21.C 根据前句内容可推断,设空处指如果宇航员不穿太空服就走出宇宙飞船,仅仅几秒钟就 会死亡。step意为“跨步;迈步”。故答案选C。 22.A 依据下文可知太空服的作用,即安全地把宇航员密封在里面。故答案选A。 23.C 分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词the CO,设空处缺少关系代词充 2 当宾语,故答案选C。 24.B 此处讲太空服的构造,太空服下面还有一套衣服,under意为“在(一层衣服等)里面”, 符合语境。故答案选B。 25.C 依据下文可知穿太空服会很热, 而水流经这些管道会为宇航员降温。cool off意为 “使感到凉快”,符合语境。故答案选C。B [语篇解读] 本文是一篇小说节选。文章主要讲述David历尽艰辛,找到亲人Betsey并被她 收留的经过。 26.to go 此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构,作told的宾语。故答案为to go。 27.looking 此处为现在分词短语作伴随状语,意为“很惊讶地看着我”。故答案为 looking。 28.has been since引导的时间状语从句与现在完成时连用。故答案为has been。 29.was eating 此处While引导的时间状语从句用过去进行时,表示正在做某事时。故答案 为was eating。 30.comfortable 此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词bed。故答案为comfortable。 31.later “一段时间+later”是固定结构,意为“……之后”。故答案为later。 32.worst 通过比较范围in the world可以判断此处用形容词最高级。故答案为worst。 33.angrily 副词修饰谓语动词said。故答案为angrily。 34.be punished 情态动词后用动词原形,根据语境,可知用被动语态。故答案为be punished。 35.replied 此处填谓语动词,根据and之前的并列谓语listened可知用一般过去时。故答案 为replied。 三、翻译句子 36.It􀆳s a pity to waste such delicious food. It+is/was+n.+ to do sth.是固定句型,it作形式 主语,不定式是真正的主语。 37.Yuan Longping is named as the “father of hybrid rice”.考查被动语态, be named as意 为“被称为”。 38.We didn􀆳t know how to solve the problem until the discussion yesterday. 考查 not...until...句型,意为“直到……才……”,另外注意时态用一般过去时。 39.China􀆳s Zhurong rover has successfully landed on Mars.考查短语land on以及时态,通 过“已经”可以确定用现在完成时。 四、阅读表达 [语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文,文章讲述国王为了让自己快乐起来,派他的将军出去寻找快 乐的人穿的衬衫,最后发现最快乐的人居然是街上的一个穷人。 40.He slept badly and didn􀆳t feel like eating. 依据第一段第二句可知答案。 41.although/though 设空处所在句为主从复合句,由语境可知此处需要填入从句引导词。此 处意为“虽然首相拥有许多权力,这却不能让他快乐”,由此可知要填表示让步的连词,故填 although/though。 42.losing 首相担心被取代,银行家害怕别人偷走他的钱。由此可知,两人都担心失去他们既 有的东西, lose“失去”, 空前about为介词,后跟动名词形式,故填losing。 43.Because everyone had their own problems. 依据第三段第三句可知答案。 44.我有我想要的一切,我不想要我不能拥有的东西。 注意从句的翻译,everything后为定语 从句,want后为宾语从句。 五、写作 写作提示 1.体裁:记叙文; 2.人称:主体人称为第一人称; 3.时态:以一般过去时为主,一般现在时为辅。 4.要点: 1)让你感到开心的事; 2)当时发生了什么事,你做了什么; 3)…… 参考范文 There are many things that make us happy in our daily life. As long as we discover one, we will feel happy. Let me tell you one of them. Last holiday, I had a good time visiting Beijing with my family. We arrived there in the morning. It was sunny and clear, so we decided to visit the Great Wall first. As the proverb goes:“One who fails to reach the Great Wall is not a true man.”Although we were tired, we kept on walking to the end. It was exciting. For lunch, we had somethingspecial—Peking duck. It was delicious. In the afternoon, we explored the hutong. There are a lot of new buildings now, but many of the old buildings named siheyuan are still there. I wondered what life was like here in the past. I really enjoyed getting around in Beijing.