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2015 年长沙市初中毕业学业水平考试 英语(含答案全解全析) (满分:120分 时间:120分钟) Ⅰ.听力技能(略) Ⅱ.知识运用(两部分,共20小题,计20分) 第一节 语法填空 从A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。(共10小题,计10分) 21.— I use your dictionary? —Of course.But please return it to me before you leave. A.Must B.Need C.May 22.There is wrong with my back and it hurts seriously. A.anything B.something C.nothing 23.It􀆳s necessary for us to our parents when we have problems. A.to talk B.talking C.talk 24.—Will you see the film Cinderella with us tonight? —No,I it last week. A.see B.have seen C.saw 25.—Rose,could you please water the flowers in the garden? —Why ? You see,my brother is listening to music. A.me B.I C.mine 26.—Jane Zhang is going to hold a concert here in July. —Really? exciting news! A.How B.What an C.What 27.—I called you last night,but you didn􀆳t answer. —Sorry,Grace.I I Am a Singer when the phone rang. A.am watching B.was watching C.have watched 28. he had failed many times,he didn􀆳t give up and succeeded in the end. A.Unless B.Although C.If 29.There will be cars in the city because people will prefer the subway. A.fewer B.less C.more 30.—Could you tell me the Dragon Boat Festival in China? —Sure.People usually watch the dragon boat races and eat zongzi. A.when do people celebrate B.why people celebrate C.how people celebrate 第二节 词语填空 通读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳答案。(共10小题,计10分) I am not a brave girl,and even a little mouse scares(惊吓)me. 31 I􀆳ve been crazy about bungee jumping(蹦极).One day,I found a good place for this exciting 32 in Thailand by surfing the Internet.I packed my bag and flew there.However,I had no ideahow to get to the address listed on the 33 .I called them and took a taxi,but the taxi driver didn􀆳t know the way,either.He dropped me halfway. Having bought some bread,I had to wait for the car that was supposed to pick me up.Just then a young man jumped out of a car and asked if I was Jenny.Then we 34 to the bungee jumping place.I was amazed by the sights along the road through the window of the car. I quickly signed an agreement which said I might die,and 35 a harness(安全 带).The guide led me through a gate,asked me to sit in a special seat and tied my 36 and ankles(踝)well. I was nervous but not scared.As soon as I stood up and felt my ankles 37 together,I got scared.I walked slowly to the edge(边)of the bridge and looked back.The workers looked at me and couldn􀆳t help laughing.At last it was time to go.So I jumped as 38 forward as I could. At that moment my memory seemed to stop.I felt 39 going up,like riding a fast lift,and then another drop and...Finally,I stopped in the air.I spread my arms wide,laughing loudly and 40 .The workers pulled me up,smiling at me. 31.A.But B.Or C.So 32.A.taskB.sport C.subject 33.A.magazine B.newspaper C.website 34.A.walked B.ran C.drove 35.A.put out B.put on C.put off 36.A.legsB.ears C.eyes 37.A.tiedB.dividedC.spread 38.A.close B.far C.short 39.A.themselves B.himself C.myself 40.A.sadly B.angrily C.proudly Ⅲ.阅读技能(三部分,共25小题,计50分) 第一节 图表理解 阅读下列图表,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出最佳选项回答 问题或完成句子。(共5小题,计10分) A 41.How can you get more information about the advertisement? A.By visiting the website of Wenhua School. B.By calling Mike at 845-6789. C.By sending your resume to the school. 42.Which of the following is NOT required according to the advertisement? A.Good computer skills.B.Good communication skills. C.At least three-year teaching experience. B Missing since:June 3,2015 Poodle:young(2 years old),curly hair,shy Last seen:Wuyi Square Please contact(联系):Sarah 839-6722 sarahcs@hotmail.com Please do not run after the dog.It may run in fear. Home soon with your help! Lost and found items(物件)will be displayed(陈列)in the school hall. On Friday,June 15,2015 During lunch 12:30—1:30 Parents:If you know that your child has lost something,please remind(提醒)him or her.You are also welcome to have a look. 43.What is Poodle like? A.It􀆳s brave. B.It􀆳s lovely.C.It􀆳s shy. 44.From the chart(图表)above,we know that . A.Poodle was lost two years ago B.we can call Sarah or email her if we find Poodle C.parents are not allowed to look at the display on June 15,2015 45.How long will the display last? A.Half an hour. B.An hour. C.Two hours. 第二节 短文理解 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出最佳选项回答 问题或完成句子。(共15小题,计30分) A China is a nation of etiquette(礼仪).Chinese people are among the most hospitable people in the world.If foreigners visit a Chinese family,they would be surprised at the warmth that they would receive as guests.When you visit a Chinese family,the host usually makes tea for you.Then he will serve you snacks(小吃)like biscuits or candy.Someone in the family will also chat with you,never letting you feel lonely. At the same time,other family members will prepare a meal for you.Chinese people treat(款待)their guests with a big meal.They always present more food than the guest can eat.On the table,the guests must be the first to eat.Perhaps one of the things that surprises a western guest most is that the Chinese host likes to pick food for visitors,which won􀆳t happen at western tables.The Chinese family go out of their way to make you feel at home.As you are done eating,the host usually says,“It seems that you didn􀆳t eat much.Please have more.” Although you tell them you are full,they still put more food in your bowl. Being warm and hospitable has long been an important part of Chinese culture and tradition.As Confucius(孔子)said thousands of years ago: To meet friends from afar How happy we are! 46.What does the underlined word “hospitable” mean in this passage? A.好客的B.勤劳的C.朴实的 47.As a guest in a Chinese family,you are usually offered by the host. A.coffee and snacks B.juice and snacks C.tea and snacks 48.Why does a western visitor feel surprised when the host picks food for him? A.Because he thinks it􀆳s not polite. B.Because he thinks it􀆳s not necessary. C.Because it won􀆳t happen in western countries. 49.What the Chinese family do for the guests is to . A.make them feel at home B.show their wealth C.make them feel uncomfortable 50.What􀆳s the meaning of the words by Confucius at the end of the passage? A.学而时习之,不亦说乎? B.有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎? C.人不知而不愠,不亦君子乎? B Li Ting,15,from Shanghai,was preparing a talk on some western festivals.She searched online for certain information and made PowerPoint presentations(展示). Wu Qiang,her classmate,was doing his chemistry homework carefully.But he couldn􀆳t work out the last problem even he tried his best.So he took out his mobile phone,openeda special app(应用软件),and searched the problem.Answers soon appeared on the screen in several seconds. Nowadays,many students do homework online with the help of the Internet like Li and Wu.They search information online,use apps or discuss through QQ and WeChat. “It􀆳s convenient.You don􀆳t have to wait for your teacher to explain it to you face to face,”according to Wu.“You can also learn by seeing how others work them out.What􀆳s more,it improves students􀆳 abilities.And it􀆳s especially true for new kinds of homework.I am quite skilled at finding information online and using Microsoft Office.” However,this trend(趋势)also causes problems.Some lazy students just copy the answers online without thinking.Even some ask their classmates to do homework for them.And their teachers don􀆳t know the fact. Anyhow,knowing how to use the Internet is important.The key is to have good self- control.When you come across(遇到)a difficult problem,think about it by yourself first.Be sure to understand the reasons behind the answers after you􀆳ve turned to the Internet,or you won􀆳t make progress.If you are not sure about your self-control,ask your parents for help. 51.Both Li Ting and Wu Qiang used the Internet to . A.play games B.search information C.take exams 52.Paragraph 4 is mainly about of doing homework with the help of the Internet. A.the advantages B.the disadvantages C.the problems 53.Which problem is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 5? A.Some students only copy the answers online. B.Some cheat their teachers by asking their classmates to do homework for them. C.Nobody is able to finish their homework now without the Internet. 54. is the key to using the Internet to study. A.Self-respect B.Self-control C.Self-development 55.In this passage the writer wants to tell us that . A.the Internet can be a good helper if we use it properly B.the Internet has made all the students lazy C.it􀆳s not necessary to learn to use the Internet C Have you ever heard of e-waste(electronic waste,电子垃圾),which can be produced every day? How do you deal with your computers,MP4 players and mobile phones when they􀆳re broken or you want a new one? Most people just throw them away.With the development of electronic industry,e- waste pollution has become a serious problem.According to the United Nations,in2014,people around the world produced 41.8 million tons of e-waste and only recycled 6.5 million tons.The US was the biggest waster,producing 7.1 million tons.China came second,with 6 million tons. It􀆳s important to pay attention to e-waste.It can either be valuable or harmful(有害 的),depending on how we deal with it.E-waste is a valuable urban mine(城市矿藏).The value of the metals,like gold and silver in the waste around the world,is amazing.And the metals can be reused.But if people throw them away,the toxic chemicals(有毒化学物质)can get into the earth or air,affecting the environment and people􀆳s health. Apple,for example,now recycles people􀆳s used products in China when they are buying new ones.The company will test and repair the used ones and sell them at lower prices.To help reduce(减少)e-waste,we can buy longer lasting electronic products.If you have unwanted electronics,find a new home for them.You can also take computers and phones to see if companies offer recycling programs. 56.The following can become e-waste EXCEPT . A.computers B.mobile phones C.plastic bags 57.Which country produced most e-waste last year according to the United Nations? A.America. B.China. C.Japan. 58.What does the underlined word “affecting” mean in this passage? A.保护 B.影响 C.改善 59.From Paragraph 4,we learn that . A.the recycled Apple products will be sold at higher prices B.buying longer lasting electronic products is a good way to reduce e-waste C.it􀆳s better to keep the unwanted electronics in your bedroom 60.The main purpose of this passage is to . A.prove that e-waste is useless B.encourage people to buy more electronic products C.advise people to deal with e-waste properly to reduce pollution 第三节 阅读表达 阅读下面的短文,然后根据短文内容回答问题。(共5小题,计10分) 1.Did Father always stay with the family? 2.What happened to the neighbor in 1999? 3.Why was Father required to return to work? 4.How did Father help the neighbor harvest rice in the field? 5.How long did Father spend in harvesting the neighbor􀆳s rice? 61.Did Father always stay with the family? 62.What happened to the neighbor in 1999? 63.Why was Father required to return to work? 64.How did Father help the neighbor harvest rice in the field? 65.How long did Father spend in harvesting the neighbor􀆳s rice? Ⅳ.写作技能(三部分,共11小题,计30分)第一节 语篇翻译 阅读下面的短文,将画线部分译成英文或中文。(共5小题,计10分) What are magic words? Words like“thank you”,“please” and“sorry”can work wonders in our daily life.These polite expressions are used every day in America—among strangers,between friends or with family.66. People with good manners always communicate with others well by using these magic words . What should you do when you receive a gift for your birthday? 67.你最好坐下来写 一封感谢信。68. The words “ thank you ” are very important and used very often .We say them when someone hands us a letter,passes us a book,offers us a drink,or lends us an umbrella. “Please”is another important word,but many people forget to use it.It is not polite to ask someone for help without saying“please”.69. We are supposed to use it when we ask for something,too .It may be a book,a pen,or more milk.It may be in the classroom,at home,or at the bus stop.We can use“please”to make a request(请求)pleasant. 70.我们也应该学会说“对不起”。If we have hurt someone􀆳s feeling,we will have to say“sorry”.When we have told a lie and regret it,the same word should be used.Sometimes we have forgotten something or broken a promise,so we need to explain with the word as a beginning.“Sorry” is such a word that can make people forget wrongs. “Thank you! Please! Sorry!”—these words are simple but useful.Man said them long ago.We use them now.So will our kids. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 第二节 情景交际 通读下面的对话,根据上下文补全对话内容。(共5小题,计10分) A:Hey,Frank!71. ? B:Pretty good. A:Did you have fun last weekend? B:72. .I went to the old people􀆳s house with my friends and had a good time. A:Wow!What did you do there? B:We helped the old clean their houses and chatted with them.How about you? A:I just read a science magazine. B:Oh,really? 73. ? A:Hmm...it is about the main causes of smog(雾霾)and ways to beat it. B:Great! But 74. ?A:We can live a greener life by using cleaner energy to solve the problem,I think. B:You do? A:Yes,natural gas is a good choice.By the way,75. ? B:It􀆳s 7:45 now. A:Oh,God.Hurry up or we􀆳ll be late. B:OK. 第三节 书面表达(计10分) 76.假设你是李华,现就读于某寄宿制中学。你的室友王明经常违反寝室(dormitory)规定,如不 整理床铺,休息时间大声接打电话,未经许可(permission)动用他人物品,离开寝室不关灯等。 为了提醒他改正不良习惯,做个文明室友,你决定写一封电子邮件给他。 要求:(1)包含以上所有要点,可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; (2)字数:60—80词(信的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数); (3)信中不得出现你的真实姓名、学校名和地名。 答案全解全析 Ⅱ.知识运用 第一节 语法填空 21.C 句意:——我可以用一下你的字典吗?——当然。但是请你在离开之前还给我。本题 考查情态动词。情态动词表示请求语气不能用need和must,故答案为C。 22.B 句意:我的背部出问题了,疼得很厉害。本题考查固定句型:There is something wrong with...表示“……出问题了”。故选B。 23.A 句意:当我们遇到问题时和父母谈谈对我们来说是必要的。本题考查非谓语动词。由 固定句型It is+adj.+for sb.to do sth.“做某事对于某人来说是……”可知答案选A。 24.C 句意:——今晚你将和我们一起去看电影《灰姑娘》吗?——不,我上周看过了。本题 考查动词时态。从答句中的last week可知该句要用一般过去时,答案选C。 25.A 句意:——罗丝,请你去花园浇花好吗?——为什么是我?你看,我哥哥在听音乐呢。本 题考查代词。根据句意“为什么是我”,排除C;在没有谓语动词的句子中,人称代词常用宾 格形式,故答案选A。 26.C 句意:——张靓颖七月份将在这里举行一场音乐会。——真的吗?多么令人兴奋的消 息啊!本题考查感叹句。被感叹词为不可数名词news,应用what 且不加冠词。故选C。27.B 句意:——昨晚我给你打电话了,但是你没接。——对不起,Grace。电话响的时候我在 看《我是歌手》。本题考查动词时态。由语境可知“看《我是歌手》”是“昨晚打电话” 时正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时。故选B。 28.B 句意:虽然他失败了很多次,但是他没有放弃最后成功了。本题考查状语从句。“他失 败了很多次”和“他没放弃”是让步关系。故选B。 29.A 句意:因为人们将更喜欢乘地铁,所以城市里将有更少的小汽车。由语境可知人们将更 喜欢乘坐地铁,所以应该有“更少的”小汽车,排除C;car为可数名词,要用few的比较级修饰。 故选A。 30.C 句意:——你能告诉我在中国人们怎样庆祝端午节吗?——当然可以。人们通常看龙 舟赛,吃粽子。本题考查宾语从句。根据宾语从句使用陈述句语序可排除A;答句说的是如何 过端午节。故选C。 第二节 词语填空 [语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。并不勇敢但一直对蹦极着迷的“我”,费尽周折,克服困难,最后 终于战胜自己完成了蹦极这一运动,从而体会到成功的喜悦并为自己感到自豪。 31.A 文章第一句提到作者并不是一个勇敢的人,下文又提到作者对蹦极这项运动着迷。前 后两句是转折关系,故选A。 32.B 设空处指代前文的“bungee jumping”,而蹦极应该是一项体育运动,因此选B。task任 务;subject科目。 33.C 前文提到作者是通过网络找到蹦极的地方,因此该空对应的是website。magazine杂志; newspaper报纸。 34.C 由前文的a young man jumped out of a car可知作者和这个年轻男子是开车去的蹦 极地点。故选C。walk走路;run跑步。 35.B 作者应该是系上安全带。put on穿上,系上;put out熄灭,扑灭;put off推迟。 36.A 空后的and表示并列关系。and后面提到的是脚踝,根据实际情况可推测该空填legs。 37.A 第三段最后一句提到作者蹦极前脚被绑在一起,因此作者站起来后应该是感觉到自己 的脚踝被“绑”在一起。故选A。 38.B 根据常识可知蹦极应该是往远的地方跳。故选B。 39.C 作者感到自己飞起来了。因此填和主语I对应的反身代词myself。 40.C 前文提到作者在蹦极前紧张不安,最后终于战胜自己完成了蹦极这个运动。因此作者 感到非常“自豪”。故选C。sadly悲伤地;angrily生气地。 [长难句] Having bought some bread,I had to wait for the car that was supposed to pick me up.买了些面包后,我不得不等待着那辆应该来接我的车。 本句为含有定语从句的主从复合句。其中that引导的从句作定语修饰先行词the car且 在从句中作主语。 Ⅲ.阅读技能 第一节 图表理解 A [语篇解读] 本文是应用文。图表为一则英语教师招聘启事,文中介绍了招聘学校的有关信 息和联系方式。 41.A 细节理解题。在文章第三、四句能得出答案。B项中Mike错了,应该是Alex。C项 不属于寻求更多信息的方式。 42.C 细节理解题。从You should 后可以看出,C项不在必要条件内。 B[语篇解读] 本文为失物招领。文中分别介绍了丢失的狗的特征以及丢失时间和主人的联 系方式和其他失物招领物件的相关信息。 43.C 细节理解题。在Poodle后可以找出答案。 44.B 细节理解题。A选项中,Poodle丢失的时间是June 3,2015;C选项中,应该是允许父母 看。 45.B 细节理解题。根据During lunch 12:30—1:30可知,是一个小时。 第二节 短文理解 A [语篇解读] 本文为说明文。文章详细描写了中国家庭是如何招待客人的,正如几千年前孔 子所说的:有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎? 46.A 词义猜测题。根据文章主题可知主要介绍中国人的热情好客。 47.C 细节理解题。由第二段第一句和第二句“When you visit a Chinese family,the host usually makes tea for you.Then he will serve you snacks(小吃) like biscuits or candy.”可 知答案选C。 48.C 细节理解题。由第三段第五句“Perhaps one of the things that surprises a western guest most is that the Chinese host likes to pick food for visitors,which won􀆳t happen at western tables.”可知答案选C。 49.A 细节理解题。由第三段的“The Chinese family go out of their way to make you feel at home.”可知选A。 50.B 推理判断题。文章主要介绍中国作为礼仪之邦是如何做到热情好客的,因此本句是就 “friends”而表明的观点。 B [语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。作者分别讲述了学生使用网络的好处和坏处,并提出建议指导 学生如何正确使用网络来帮助学习和提高能力。 51.B 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句She searched online for certain information and made PowerPoint presentations(展示).和第二段倒数第二句So he took out his mobile phone,opened a special app(应用软件),and searched the problem.可知,Li和Wu都是通过网 络去找寻信息。故选B。 52.A 主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句It􀆳s convenient.可知本段描述有利方面,该段的内容 都是在说好的方面,故答案为A。 53.C 细节理解题。该段的Some lazy students just copy the answers online without thinking.与A对应;Even some ask their classmates to do homework for them.与B对应;C 项在文章中没有提到。故选C。 54.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句The key is to have good self-control.可得出答案 为B。 55.A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,如果运用恰当,网络会是一个好帮手。 C [语篇解读] 本文为议论文。你听说过每天产生的电子垃圾吗?当你的电脑、音乐播放器或 手机坏了,或者你想换新的,你将如何处理它们?随着电子工业的发展,电子垃圾成为当今社会 的一个严重问题,而回收利用废弃电子产品有利于减少电子垃圾对环境和人们健康的危害。 56.C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中How do you deal with your computers,MP4 players and mobile phones when they􀆳re broken or you want a new one?可知C选项与其 余两项不属于一类,故答案为C。 57.A 细节理解题。根据第二段的The US was the biggest waster可得出答案为A。58.B 词义猜测题。根据第三段中“有毒化学物质可能进入土壤或空气”可知会“影响” 环境和人们的健康。故选B。 59.B 细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句中we can buy longer lasting electronic products 可知答案选B。 60.C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主要的目的是建议人们为减少环境污染恰当处理电 子垃圾。 第三节 阅读表达 [语篇解读] 本文为记叙文。在城里工作的父亲很少在家,却每年回来帮助收割水稻。勤劳 善良而又信守诺言的父亲以顽强的毅力克服重重困难帮助邻居彻夜收割水稻,感人至深,给作 者留下了深刻印象。 61.No,he didn􀆳t. 由文章第一句中“seldom”可知父亲很少在家,故作否定回答。 62.He lost his arms in a traffic accident. 由第二段第一句可知答案信息。 63.Because his partner was ill in hospital. 根据文中第二段第三句What􀆳s worse,he had to return to work the next day because his partner was ill in hospital.可得出答案。 64.By hand without a machine. 根据倒数第三段第二句“He decided to harvest it by hand without a machine.”可知答案信息。 65.The whole night. 由文中倒数第二段最后一句“He spent the whole night keeping his word.”可知答案。 Ⅳ.写作技能 第一节 语篇翻译 [语篇解读] 请,谢谢,对不起……每天陌生人之间、朋友之间,或者家人之间使用此类礼貌措 辞会达到更好的交流效果。 66.举止文明的人总是通过使用这些有魔力的词汇与别人很好地交流。 67.You􀆳d better sit down and write a thank-you note. 68.“谢谢”非常重要并且经常被使用。 69.当我们需要某样东西的时候,我们也应该使用它。 70.We should learn to say“sorry”too. 第二节 情景交际 71.How is it going 根据下文“Pretty good.”可知是要问最近如何。 72.Yes,I did 根据后文“had a good time”可知,应为肯定回答。 73.What is it about 根据答句“it is about...”可知是要提问“这本书是关于什么的”。 74.how can we live a greener life 根据答句“We can live a greener life by...”可知答案。 75.what time is it now/what􀆳s the time now 根据答句“It􀆳s 7:45 now.”可知,上文在询 问时间。 评析 今年中考补全对话的考查与往年大同小异,没有固定的主题,并且考点与往年有很多相 似之处,很多题目是将答和问反过来,因此学生应注重对上下文的理解!本年偏向对学习生活、 时事的讨论,场景贴近生活,体现了中考英语越来越注重实际运用能力的趋势。 第三节 书面表达 [写作要点] 1.本文应为应用文。主体时态为一般现在时。 2.正确使用should,hope,remember to do等。 3.内容包含题目中提示信息,恰当使用关联词语。 [参考范文] Dear Wang Ming ,I􀆳m writing to kindly remind you of the dormitory rules .As we live in the same room,we are like family so we should love each other and respect each other.What􀆳s more,we should make our room clean and tidy.Therefore,I hope you can read the following rules and obey them.Rule No.1:When you get up in the morning,remember to make the bed.Rule No.2:Don􀆳t make phone calls when we are sleeping.Rule No.3:Don􀆳t use others􀆳 things without permission.Rule No.4:Turn off the lights before you leave the room.I hope all of us can obey these rules and make our room more and more comfortable. Best wishes , Li Hua