读后续写微讲座五：读深(深挖知识点)
外刊输入——悟语言之道
Exploring English Language Origins
The origins of US and UK English have led to differences between two language
systems.
American and British English are similar in many regards. For example, the majority of
the spellings and grammar rules are largely the same. However, beyond simple spellings like
colour (UK) and color (US), the two languages truly diverge (有区别) through speech.
Take the accents of Chris Evans, the star of Captain America, and Rowan Atkinson, who
played Mr. Bean, as an example of how far the two languages differ in modern times. But
have you ever wondered, in your point of view, how this change and gap came about?
For that, we have to look at the origins of both dialects. According to the BBC, British
English dates back to 449 AD, when the Saxons and the Angles—tribes (部落) from modern-
day Germany and Denmark—invaded Britain, replacing the ancient Celtic language.
As Celtic gradually faded, an early form of British English emerged with influences
based on French and Latin. It was later referred to as standard throughout the UK following the
first complete Modern English translation of the Bible (《圣经》) in 1535 and the emergence of
playwrights like William Shakespeare. This went on to form British English as we know today and
was heavily influenced by the accent spoken in London.
However, across the Atlantic Ocean, IndoEuropean languages spoken by migrants,
regional dialects of British colonists (殖民地居民) and Native American words all formed the
basis of US English. New words also arose from the need to explain major unfamiliar landscapes,
animals and living conditions, but they soon turned into a revolutionary tool during the
independence struggle.
In 1789, lexicographer (词典编纂者) Noah Webster wrote, “As an independent nation,
our honor requires us to have a system of our own, in language as well as government.”
It indicated the social demand as well.
Postrevolution US English kept changing based on neighboring cultures. This can still be
seen through state names such as Delaware and Illinois, which were related to Native American
tribes, and Colorado and Nevada, which were influenced by Spanish colonizers in the 1800s.
These days, Britons and Americans still argue over terminology (术语) and spellings. But
their variety and differences form a key part of each nation's historical culture. Indeed, it shows
the truth behind the phrase, “Britain and America, two nations were divided by a commonlanguage. We should learn to live with it and appreciate it.”
1.重点词汇再现
(1)system n. 系统
(2)regard n. 方面
(3)point of view 观点；看法
(4)gap n. 间隔；差距
(5)dialect n. 方言
(6)date back to 追溯到
(7)base v. 以……为基础
(8)refer to 指的是
(9)basis n. 基础
(10)major adj. 主要的
(11)struggle n. 斗争
(12)demand n. 要求；需求
(13)relate to 与……相关；涉及
(14)variety n. 多样化
(15)appreciate vt. 欣赏
2．经典句型再现：as引导状语从句，意为“随着”
As Celtic gradually faded, an early form of British English emerged with influences
based on French and Latin.
随着凯尔特人的逐渐衰落，早期的英式英语出现了，它受到了法语和拉丁语的影响。
迷你语料库(Mini Corpus)
序号 佳句呈现 赏析
①“be known for ＝ be
China is widely known for① famous for”意为“因……而
its ancient civilisation which 出名”；②which 引导非限
has continued all the way 制性定语从句；③despite是
1
through into modern times②， 介词，意为“尽管”，后面
despite③ the many ups and 跟名词或名词短语。本句描
downs in its history. 述中国古代文明历史源远流
长。
2 It dates back several thousand ①名词短语作同位语，解释longgu；②介词＋which引导
的定语从句，修饰先行词
years to the use of longgu—
animal bones and shells，介词
animal bones and shells① on
on和先行词搭配，意为
which symbols were carved
“在……上”。本句描写了
by ancient Chinese people②.
中国文字的起源——甲骨
文。
Over the years, the system ①as意为“因为”引导原因
developed into different 状语从句；②when引导定语
forms, as it was a time① 从句，修饰先行词a time；③
3 when people were divided v.ing形式作结果状语，表示
geographically②， leading to 自然而然的结果。本句描述
many varieties of dialects 了由于地理的不同，导致各
and characters③. 式各样的语言。
续 表
序号 佳句呈现 赏析
Emperor Qinshihuang united
where引导定语从句，修饰先
the seven major states into
行词one unified country。本
4 one unified country where the
句描述了中国文字系统统一
Chinese writing system began
的历史。
to develop in one direction.
That writing system was of “be of＋抽象意义的名词＝
5 great importance in uniting the be＋adj.”，可以用于描述事
Chinese people and culture. 物的重要性。
Even today, no matter where
“no matter＋疑问词”引导
Chinese people live or what
让步状语从句，意为“无
6 dialect they speak, they can
论……”，在写作中使用，
all still communicate in
属于亮点句型。
writing.
Written Chinese has also “介词＋which”引导定语从
7 become an important means by 句，修饰先行词means(n.方
which China's present is 式；方法)；by 和means 搭配意为“凭借……方式”。
connected with its past. 本句描写了文字的重要性
——联系中国过去和现在。
People in modern times can which引导定语从句，修饰先
read the classic works which 行词the classic works。本句
8
were written by Chinese in 描写了文字的作用——能够
ancient times. 让后人读到中国古典作品。
The high regard for the Chinese
writing system can be seen in ①as在此处是介词，意为
the development of Chinese “作为”；②过去分词短语
characters as① an art form, 作定语；③which 引导定语
9
known as Chinese calligraphy 从句，修饰先行词Chinese
②， which has become an calligraphy。 本句描写了书
important part of Chinese 法的重要作用。
culture③.
As China plays a greater
①as在此处是连词，引导时
role in global affairs①， an
间状语从句，意为“随
increasing number of②
着”；②an increasing
10 international students are
number of意为“越来越多
beginning to appreciate
的”。本句描写了中国文化
China's culture and history
和历史越来越重要。
through this amazing language.
本句使用了现在完成进行
I've been studying English
11 时，用来描述持续一段时间
since primary school.
的动作。
“used to do sth.”意为“过去常
I used to get high marks in
常做某事”；“have trouble
English, but now I'm having
12 with sth.”意为“做某事有困
a lot of trouble with my
难”。本句用来描述情况的
listening.
变化，形成一种对比。
Listening to English radio
v.ing形式作主语，谓语动词
13 programmes helps me get 用单数形式。本句用来描写
used to how fast native 有效的英语学习方法。speakers talk.
I also repeat what I hear to help 本句是一种英语学习方法，
14 myself to experience the 可以用于描写解决语言学习
feeling of the language. 的困难。
My biggest headache is how to
15 本句描写英语学习的困难。
be polite in English.
I have to think about who I'm
talking to① and then decide
whether to say②， “Open ①who引导宾语从句；
the window, please！” or ②whether 引导宾语从句。
16
“Could you open the window, 本句描写了思考并做决定的
please？” or even longer 场景。
“Would you mind opening the
window, please？”
...so I only need a few words to 特别注意bridge the gap这个
17
bridge the gap between us. 短语，意为“消除差距”。
读后续写入门篇：读深——深挖知识点(Words, expressions, sentences)
在读懂要素和主题、读通情节和感情发展并精析语言之后，如何尝试使用获取的信息，
并且应用到自己的写作中？最有效的做法就是把获取的信息与已经学过的语言知识结合起来
——挖掘语篇中的知识点，然后尝试使用到续写语篇中。这样，除了可以做到和原文的衔接，
也可以达到语言的一致性和衔接性。
在读深的过程中，可以从三个方面进行挖掘：
1．词汇
2．短语
3．句型
【典题精析】
阅读下面的材料， 完成以下任务。
I'm an English selflearner, but English is not my first language. Today I am an English
teacher. I would like to say that failures are not disastrous. Have faith, keep moving on, and
never give up hope, and you will see your hard work pay off.
I was a slow learner when I was little. Before five, I couldn't even speak in full
sentences. Unlike most other children, I seldom interacted with others; I neither cried northrew tantrums (发脾气). My extreme quietness made my parents wonder if I was mentally slow,
but they were not sure. Actually, I have to confess that my memories of my early childhood
are quite unclear.
My learning problems were the result of my mother taking some medicine when she
became pregnant with me. Although I was born without any physical defects (缺陷), the medicine
did affect my early intellectual development. When I was in elementary school, I learned very
slowly and was as quiet as a doll. While my teacher was teaching, my mind often wandered
outside the classroom to the playground. As a fifth grader, I finally started interacting with
my classmates. That was the first time in my memory that I had some friends.
After heading at full speed for my junior high education, my learning situation got stuck in
the mud again. In my country, students entering junior high school had to take an IQ test. It
was a test for schools to evaluate students' learning abilities so that they could arrange them
into different levels of classes based on their IQ test scores. I was placed in the “bottom class” as a
result of my belowaverage IQ score. Most of my teachers taught us using easy and slow methods
because they considered us incapable of learning much. However，despite that, I never lost faith
that I might one day succeed as if to prove that when God closes a door, he will definitely open up
a big window. A miracle occurred. That's when I discovered a strong passion for English.
1．词汇——请写出以下词汇的含义及词形变化。
(1)failure n．失败→fail v．失败
(2)disastrous adj.灾难性的→disaster n．灾难
(3)faith n． 信任 ， 信心 →faithful adj.忠诚的→faithfully adv.忠诚地；如实地
(4)actually adv.事实上→actual adj.实际的；真实的
(5)confess v． 坦白 ， 承认
(6)pregnant adj.怀孕的→pregnancy n．怀孕
(7)evaluate v． 评价 ， 评估 →evaluation n．评价；评估
(8)arrange v．安排→arrangement n．安排
(9)place v．放置
(10)average adj. 平均的 ， 普通的
(11)consider v ． 考 虑 → considerate adj. 考 虑 周 到 的 → considerable adj. 相 当 多 的
→consideration n．仔细考虑
(12)succeed v．成功→success n．成功→successful adj.成功的→successfully adv.成功地2．短语——请写出以下短语的含义。
(1)pay off 得到回报
(2)interact with sb. 和某人交往
(3)elementary school 小学
(4)at full speed 全速
(5)get stuck 困住
(6)be based on 以 …… 为基础
(7)as a result of 作为 …… 的结果
(8)be incapable of 不能
(9)lose faith 失去信心
3．句型——总结应用到的句型。
(1)I neither cried nor threw tantrums.
分析：neither...nor...为并列连词，意为“ 既不 …… 也不 …… ”。
(2)Although I was born without any physical defects①， the medicine did affect② my early
intellectual development.
分析：①Although引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”；②did affect是对谓语动词的强调。
一般情况下，用“do/does/did＋动词原形”表示。
(3)...I learned very slowly and was as quiet as a doll.
分析：as＋adj./adv.＋as表示同级比较。
(4)That was the first time in my memory that I had some friends.
分析：句型“This/That/It is/was the first/second/.../last time＋(that)...”意为“ 这 / 那是第
一 / 二 / …… / 最后一次做某事 ”。在此句型中，当主句为一般现在时或一般将来时时，从句的
谓语动词用现在完成时；当主句为一般过去时时，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。
(5)After heading at full speed for my junior high education, my learning situation got stuck
in the mud again.
分析：After＋v.ing形式在句中作时间状语。
(6)In my country, students entering junior high school had to take an IQ test.
分析：v.ing形式在句中作定语，修饰名词students。
(7)It was a test for schools to evaluate students' learning abilities so that they could arrange them
into different levels of classes based on their IQ test scores.
分析：so that引导结果状语从句。
(8)However, despite that①， I never lost faith that I might one day succeed as if toprove② that when God closes a door, he will definitely open up a big window.
分析：①despite意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句；
②as if＋to do是“as if ＋主句主语 ＋ 将来时”的省略；
He rushes out of the room as if he will meet some important person.
→He rushes out of the room as__if__to__meet some important person.
(9)That's when I discovered a strong passion for English.
分析：when引导表语从句。
名校模拟演练：
1, （2022·湖北·枣阳一中高三阶段练习）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
Andrew was a new student in my class, who had emotional management problems. Since he had
been suspended from class many times in previous years, I assured the worst when he came to my
class.
Andrew sat at the back of the classroom. Every time I talked in front of the class, he would chat
with the students around and even laugh loudly. Every time I called on him to answer a question, he
would respond with a casual “I don’t know”. If I gave him a slight, criticism, he would become really
angry. As an experienced teacher, I can always get students involved in class discussion or at least
motivate them to sit quietly and listen attentively. But for Andrew, I was really powerless. He was
just noisy and rude.
One day, Andrew was talking loudly in the class when I was teaching. I said in the usual tone of
voice, “Andrew, why don’t you join in our discussions but have one of your own?” Hearing that, he
got up from his chair, pushed the books over and shouted something. I couldn’t hear clearly what he
said other than several rude words. After the class, Andrew was sent to my office, where I gave him a
discipline referral a week’s out-of-school suspension. Deep in my mind, though, I didn’t expect
referrals to be effective since students would return behaving even worse than before. But what else
could I do with such a trouble-maker?
I had to admit this was one of my most awful teaching experiences. Andrew’s anger was almost
unexpected and out of control. The week without Andrew’s presence was a wonderful time, and the
class went on smoothly and efficiently. However, with his suspension week drawing to a close soon,I felt restless and uneasy. Would he disturb the class as always? Would he take revenge（报复）on
me?
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右：2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Para 1: On the day when Andrew was supposed to return, I waited for him at the door.
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Para 2: A flash of surprise spread over his face.
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2, （2022·广东·广州市第五中学高三阶段练习）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，
使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I had never noticed her. She was not the kind of girl who could draw attention. She was not tall
and just plain. In class, she liked sitting at the back, reading or taking notes. It was once I asked her
to read aloud the text that I looked at her with new eyes when I heard her standard American
pronunciation. Later on, the National College English Speech Contest would be held. I thought it
over and filled in her name with a smile. I red-penciled her draft of speech, corrected her
pronunciation, and even adjusted her body language.
However, I was always kind of worried because she was too introvert(内向的)and too quiet.
Could she seize this rare opportunity?
On the night of the contest, I told her to take it easy. Blushed(脸红的), she looked at me and said
nothing.
My heart sank. It seemed that she did tense up. I pated her and let her go to draw lots(抽签). As a
result, what she drew was No. 9 while No. 8 was recognized English master-hand(高手).
Sure enough, the English master-hand was fairly successful in the speech with his humor andhighly personal style. The whole audience would make a warm applause almost every 30 seconds
until she appeared on the stage, still talking over his speech with excitement.
My palms began to sweat. I sat there, with no courage to look at her. It was the first time that she
went up the stage, so I couldn't blame her for any slips. But at that moment, I found I was so scared
of her failure.
The strong spotlight made her so small and so insignificant that nobody seemed to notice she had
been on the stage, I said to myself, no hope.
But the moment that shocked me occurred. I clearly heard a voice, a very loud voice, “Now,
please focus on me.” She said this sentence three times in all, louder and louder.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150词左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The whole audience fell silent.
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After her speech ended for a long while, a thunderous applause sounded in the whole audience.
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【答案】
1, On the day when Andrew was supposed to return, I waited for him at the door. Eventually, the
familiar figure appeared, walking with his hands in his pockets. As he came close, I was about to
greet him when he ignored me deliberately. “Sorry, Andrew. I should have had a talk with you to finda way out before giving you a suspension,” apologized I. With his head lowered, he didn’t utter a
single word. “Maybe next time you can’t control yourself in class, you can step out of the door for a
while to collect yourself,” added I, trying to break the ice.
A flash of surprise spread over his face. The naughty boy froze there, staring at me with wide
eyes. “It is I who should say sorry,” murmured he, his face burning with shame. With a smile of
relief, I patted him on his shoulder, signaling to him to go back to his seat. In the days that followed,
Andrew didn’t misbehave in class anymore and took an active part in class discussions. Never before
did it occur to me that “apologies” could make such a huge difference — it turned one of my worst
experiences into perhaps the best one!
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了班级里的一个名叫安德鲁的新生从一开始的叛逆，顽皮以及在课
堂上胡作非为到最后遵守纪律，积极参与课堂讨论的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“在安德鲁应该回来的那天，我在门口等他。”可知，第一段可描写安德鲁回来之后
我的反应以及他的心理变化的过程。。
②由第二段首句内容“他脸上闪过一丝惊讶。”可知，第二段可描写安德鲁的变化让我感到惊讶以及我的
感悟。。
2.续写线索：安德鲁回来——我主动找安德鲁谈话——安德鲁的反应——我向安德鲁道歉——安德鲁的变
化——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①走近：came close /walk close/walk up to
②.和某人谈话：had a talk with /chat with
③.积极参加：took an active part in /participate in actively
情绪类
①.害羞：shame /blush
②.惊讶：surprise /amazement
【点睛】[高分句型1]. On the day when Andrew was supposed to return, I waited for him at the door.（运用了
when引导的时间状语从句。）
[高分句型2]. Never before did it occur to me that “apologies” could make such a huge difference — it turned one
of my worst experiences into perhaps the best one!（运用了否定词位于句首主句的部分倒装。）[高分句型3] Eventually, the familiar figure appeared, walking with his hands in his pockets.（运用了非谓语动词
中的现在分词作伴随状语。）
2, The whole audience fell silent. Small and thin as the girl appeared, the determined look on her
face instantly caught everyone’s eyes. She glanced at the audience, took a deep breath and began her
speech. Everything went smoothly－her voice was clear and influential and her speech was logical
and well-organized. Words of power and grace flowed freely out of the girl like magic. She was
usually soft-voiced and rarely drew attention in public before. It was like something in a dream!
After her speech ended for a long while, a thunderous applause sounded in the whole audience.
When the competition was drawing to a close, still immersed in her stunning performance, all of us
waited nervously for the winner’s name to be called. Tears of joy blurred my vision the moment the
host announced that she won the first prize. Holding the trophy tightly, she gave me a brilliant smile.
“You surely made yourself the most shining focus tonight!” I exclaimed, cheerfully pulling her into
my arms. Yes, sometimes a tremendous energy originates from the silent accumulation.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者挑选班里一个口语标准但是性格内向的女孩参加全国英语演
讲比赛。比赛的当天，作者现场督战，当看到对手强大，并赢得观众的阵阵掌声时，对自己的学生缺乏信
心。然而，事实证明，这个看上去文静，内向怯弱的女孩却以惊人的气魄赢得了观众的支持，取得了成功。
即沉默着发威的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“全场鸦雀无声。”可知，第一段可描写女孩在赛场上的表现，令人惊讶。描写的内
容可以包括女孩的演讲语速、声音等等以及赛场外观众的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“她的演讲结束了好一会儿，全场响起了雷鸣般的掌声。”可知，第二段可描写女孩
演讲后，观众们对女孩精彩表现的积极反应。同时可以描述女孩的获奖的心情以及作者的情绪反应。最后
阐述通过该经历作者收获的宝贵经验。
2.续写线索：现场比赛——鸦雀无声——精彩表现——热烈反响——登台领奖——最终感悟
3.词汇激活行为类
①.吸引目光：catch one’s eyes/draw one’s attention
②.接近尾声：draw to a close/come to an end
③.模糊视线： blur one’s vision /be vague
情绪类
①.坚毅的表情：the determined look/the decisive look②.高兴地： cheerfully/delightfully
【点睛】[高分句型1]. When the competition was drawing to a close, still immersed in her stunning
performance, all of us waited nervously for the winner’s name to be called. （使用when引导的时间状语从句，
以及过去分词作伴随状语。）
[高分句型2]. Tears of joy blurred my vision the moment the host announced that she won the first prize.（the
moment引导的时间状语从句以及that引导的宾语从句）
