读后续写微讲座六：利用主题语境 快速归纳主题
外刊输入——悟语言之道
Same Festival, Different Styles
Christmas is the biggest holiday of the year in many countries including the US and the
UK. Decorating Christmas trees, giving gifts and singing Christmas songs are just a few of
the traditional features that the two nations share. However, just as there are many cultural
differences between the two lands, Christmas is not exactly the same on both sides of the
Atlantic. The differences range from language to the way people celebrate it.
The language of Christmas is not really the same in the US and the UK. Britons usually say
“Happy Christmas” to each other on this important occasion. But Americans will look confused or
burst out laughing if you wish them “Happy Christmas”， as opposed to “Merry Christmas”.
The shortening of Christmas to “Chrimbo”， which is typical in the UK, is almost absolutely
unknown in the US. Another difference is the name of the whitebearded old man figure who
delivers presents to children. Britons usually call him “Father Christmas” whereas US people refer to
him only as “Santa Claus” or simply “Santa”．
A Christmas dinner in the US doesn't necessarily have turkey, either. The BBC
explained that Americans save that particular representative food for Thanksgiving Day, and
they often go for ham or roast beef on Christmas Day. For dessert, Christmas cake, Christmas
pudding is popular in the UK. In the US, however, your postmeal treat will probably be one of
the following: pumpkin pie, fruitcake, apple pie, pecan (山核桃) pie, or sweet potato pie.
During the dinner, Britons make it a habit to put on paper hats and pull a firecracker
with diners who gather together. But there is no such ceremony in the US, where paper hats are
less common and Christmas crackers are nearly unheard of.
However, one thing you will find in the US, but not in the UK, is that the graceful
Christmas decorations you see in movies are real. Some homeowners even turn their houses into
light shows to display a joyful atmosphere.
In spite of all those differences, Christmas remains a significant festival for both countries
when people show their religious beliefs and gratitude towards life.
1.重点词汇再现
(1)decorate v. 装饰
(2)feature n. 特征
(3)range from...to... 包括；从……到……之间(4)occasion n. 特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)
(5)Merry Christmas 圣诞快乐
(6)typical adj. 典型的
(7)absolutely adv. 完全地
(8)figure n. 人物
(9)turkey n. 火鸡
(10)representative adj. 代表性的
(11)roast adj. 烤的
(12)pudding 不定
(13)pumpkin 南瓜
(14)firecracker 鞭炮
(15)gather v. 聚集
(16)ceremony n. 仪式
(17)graceful adj. 优雅的
(18)joyful adj. 快乐的
(19)atmosphere n. 气氛
(20)in spite of 尽管
(21)significant adj. 有重大意义的
(22)religious adj. 宗教的
(23)belief n. 信仰
(24)gratitude n. 感激之情
2．经典句型再现：make it ＋adj./n.＋for sb. to do sth.
During the dinner, Britons make it a habit to put on paper hats and pull a firecracker with
diners who gather together.
在晚餐期间，英国人习惯戴上纸帽，和一起的聚餐的人们放鞭炮。
迷你语料库(Mini Corpus)
序号 佳句呈现 赏析
Festivals are celebrated all
around the world. They have
描写节日的共性及区别——
1 a wide range of origins, such 不同的起源。figure为名词，
as the seasons of the year, 意为“人物”。
religions, famous figures, andimportant events.
Every festival has its
描写节日有不同的风俗及魅
2 different customs and unique
力。
charms.
However, no matter how①
描写节日精神的共通之处。
different they may seem, all
①no matter how 引导让步状
over the world, the spirit of
3 语从句，等于however，意为
sharing joy, gratitude, love,
“不管怎样、无论如何”。
or peace is common in all
②描写节日的共性。
festivals②.
People celebrate to show that 描写对丰收节日的态度——
4 they are grateful for the 感恩。be grateful for意为
year's supply of food. “因……感激”。
续 表
序号 佳句呈现 赏析
It featured a parade and a
描写节日的庆祝活动。parade
5 great feast with music, dancing
意为“游行”。
and sports.
During the MidAutumn
描写中秋节的庆祝方式。
Festival in China, families
admire the shining moon意为
6 gather to admire the shining
“赏皓月”；enjoy意为
moon and enjoy delicious
“吃、享用”。
mooncakes.
描写风俗的重要作用。play a
Customs play a significant role significant role in“起重要作
7
in festivals... 用”；significant“显著
的”，可用great替换。
With the development of 描写风俗的消失及新建。
modern society and the With the development of
8 spread of new ideas, some modern society意为“随着社
traditions may fade away and 会的发展”； fade away意为
others may be established.
“逐渐消失”；establish意为“建立”，同义动词为
found，同义词组为set up。
One example is the typical
描写中国春节最常见的庆祝
Chinese Spring Festival
方式——放鞭炮，驱赶邪
9 custom of lighting firecrackers
恶。light firecrackers意为
to drive away the evil spirits
“放鞭炮”。
and celebrate the new year.
Festivals are an important 描写节日的文化功能。
part of society. They reflect attitude 为名词，意为“态
10 people's wishes, beliefs, 度”，往往和介词to或
faiths and attitudes towards towards搭配使用，意为
life. “对……的态度”。
They are occasions that
allow us to relax and enjoy 描写节日的用途。that引导的
11
life, and forget about our 定语从句，修饰occasions。
work for a little while.
I experienced the Naadam
Festival in China's Inner 概括描写第一次经历庆祝活
12
Mongolia Autonomous Region 动。
for the first time this year.
描写节日的日期及持续时
The festival falls on the fourth 间。fall意为“发生”； fall
day of the sixth month of the on＋具体日期意为“适
13
lunar calendar, usually lasting 逢……”；lasting for three
for three days. days为v.ing形式作状语，意
为“持续”。
After singing some songs, 描写节日的庆祝活动。①is if
the competitors danced onto 意为“好像”，为比喻句；
14 the green field, waving their ②v.ing形式作状语，和句子
arms in the air as if① they 的主语the competitors构成主
were eagles②. 动关系。
That was the moment I started 描写对节日或庆祝活动的理
15
解。
to understand why people say“Horses are at the heart of
Mongolian culture”．
描写节日庆祝后的感受。
I'm finally back home now,
①v.ing作状语，和句子的主
feeling really tired①， but
16 语构成主动的关系。②单个
celebrating Naadam with my
v.ing形式作主语，谓语动词
friend was totally worth it②.
用单数形式。
读后续写入门篇：利用主题语境 快速归纳主题
主题语境是六大课程内容之一，和学科核心素养的“语言能力、文化意识、思维品质、
学习能力”是紧密相关的。
根据《普通高中英语课程标准》，主题为语言学习提供主题范围或主题语境。学生对主
题意义的探究应是学生学习语言的最重要内容，直接影响学生语篇理解的程度、思维发展的
水平和语言学习的成效。
主题语境分为三大类：人与自我、人与社会和人与自然。在读后续写这个写作任务中，
对于文章的主题走向，可以根据三大主题语境进行预测，提高写作效率和得分率。
主题语境 主题群 写作主题
生活与学习；
人与自我 自我的成长
做人与做事
社会服务与人际沟通；
文学、艺术与体育； 人与人的互动，尤其是人和人
人与社会
历史、社会与文化； 之间的互相帮助
科学与技术
自然生态； 人和野生动植物及环境和谐互
环境保护； 动；
人与自然
灾难防范； 人和宠物的和谐互动；
宇宙探索 灾难自救和救援
在文本的实际阅读中，有可能不仅仅涉及一个主题语境，在归纳文章中心主题的时
候，应该注意全面涵盖，才能使续写能够和原文的衔接度更高。
【即学即练】
阅读下面三段材料，分别归纳主题语境及写作主题。
语篇1I am the oldest of four kids in my family. In my parents' eyes, my milestone firsts are
not only my own; they are brand new experiences for them. Under their careful guidance, I
applied to six US East Coast universities in my senior year and easily decided which of the six
would be my early action choice. I was confident about my first choice school.
The excitement to join the student body at my top pick school was obvious. My mother
was excited, too. I filled an online shopping basket with school “goods” so the order
would be ready to go when I received the acceptance letter that I was so sure was coming.
I talked endlessly about the university's basketball team, what campus life would be like,
and what classes I'd choose; that's how certain I was that I'd be accepted. As my parents, they felt
reasonably hopeful that an acceptance letter was on its way.
Mother wasn't home when the rejection letter landed in my email box. The scene was a
heartbreaking combination of sobbing and disbelief. My father had invested considerable time and
resources into guiding me. We'd taken a fatherson tour of all six universities just a few weeks earlier.
This was his loss, too.
I was extremely shocked and upset. So were my parents. I sat in my room for hours, staring
silently at the email with tears rolling down my face. I didn't have a plan, but I knew that
I had to get myself out of the house and away from the laptop. I needed to draw my
attention away from that, just like I did when I was a 6yearold getting a shot in hospital.
At that moment, my mother knocked on the door and slowly entered my room.
主题语境：人与社会；人与自我
写作主题： With the support of my parents，I grew up and learned to face the failure
bravely.
语篇2
It happened when Tom was only ten years old. That day he was at home with his elder
sister Jane. Tom was doing his homework when he heard raised voices. At first he didn't
think seriously about it, since it was always noisy downstairs, but he soon realised this time it
was different.
“Quick! Quick! Remove the motorcycles from the shop，” someone yelled.
Then a thick burning smell filled the air. When Tom opened the front door of their flat to
investigate, a thick cloud of smoke greeted him. The motorcycle shop had caught fire and
people were running and crying.
Jane, who had been playing the violin in her room, hurried to the living room. They
rushed out of the door and along the corridor (走廊) through the smoke.They were heading towards the stairway at the far end of the corridor when Jane
suddenly stopped. She turned around and headed back the way they came. Tom had no idea
what she was doing, but he followed her.
Jane had suddenly remembered the lady in her 70s who lived next door to them, who they
called Makcik. Jane began banging on Makcik's door, but got no answer. As the smoke
thickened around them, Tom could see many of their neighbours—some still in their pajamas
—running for safety. The thought of fear crossed his mind.
“She would have run for safety like everyone else！” Tom cried. However, Jane
refused to give up. “I know Makcik's still inside.” She said she was familiar with
Makcik's daily routine and was certain she would still be sleeping. She pounded against the door.
“Go downstairs. Go now! Go！”
主题语境：人与社会
写作主题： Facing the__fire and danger, Jane, together with her little brother, chose to
help__an__old__lady trapped in her room.
语篇3
(浙江卷)On a bright，warm July afternoon，Mac Hollan，a primary school teacher，was
cycling from his home to Alaska with his friends. One of his friends had stopped to make
a bicycle repair，but they had encouraged Mac to carry on, and they would catch up with him
soon. As Mac pedaled(骑行) along alone，he thought fondly of his wife and two young
daughters at home. He hoped to show them this beautiful place someday.
Then Mac heard quick and loud breathing behind him.“Man，that's a big dog！” he
thought. But when he looked to the side，he saw instantly that it wasn't a dog at all，but a
wolf，quickly catching up with him.
Mac's heart jumped. He found out his can of bear spray. With one hand on the bars，
he fired the spray at the wolf. A bright red cloud enveloped the animal，and to Mac's relief，it
fell back，shaking its head. But a minute later，it was by his side again. Then it attacked
the back of Mac's bike，tearing open his tent bag. He fired at the wolf a second time，and
again，it fell back only to quickly restart the chase(追赶).
Mac was pedaling hard now. He waved and yelled at passing cars but was careful not
to slow down. He saw a steep uphill climb before him. He knew that once he hit the hill，
he'd be easily caught up and the wolf's teeth would be tearing into his flesh.
At this moment，Paul and Becky were driving their car on their way to Alaska. They
didn't think much of it when they saw two cyclists repairing their bike on the side of theroad. A bit later，they spotted what they，too，assumed was a dog running alongside a man
on a bike. As they got closer，they realized that the dog was a wolf. Mac heard a large
vehicle behind him. He pulled in front of it as the wolf was catching up fast，just a dozen
yards away now.
主题语境：人与自然；人与社会
写作主题： Encountering a wolf, Mac tried his best to run away with the help of Paul
and Becky．
名校模拟演练：
1，（2022·广东·高三开学考试）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完
整的短文。
I recently had a challenging time working on a group project. My teacher put me with three
people who weren’t all that excited about getting any work done, and the experience was extremely
stressful.
Our assignment was to pick one of the 50 states and make a brochure about it.
“Let’s pick Hawaii!” said Cupcake. “Hawaii has super cute swimsuits.”
“That is so true!” said Cookie. “Speaking of swimsuits, there are some get-ready-for-summer
sales happening right now.”
“Really? Maybe my mom will take me shopping this weekend,” said Cupcake.
I turned to Volcano. “Which state do you think we should pick?”
Volcano shrugged(耸肩). “I don’t care. But what happened to your hair, Arizona? It looks like it
got caught in a blender(搅拌机)!” The rest of Volcano’s comments during the meeting were equally
“helpful.”
At our next group meeting, no one seemed very eager to talk about our brochure, so I went ahead
and shared the interesting facts I’d learned about Hawaiian food and culture. When I was done, no
one said anything, so I pulled out my notebook. “Cupcake, you had offered to search for pictures of
Hawaiian sea life. Were you able to find some?”
“I didn’t have time,” she answered, “but here’s a photo of me at the hotel pool in Hawaii.” I
looked at the picture she had taped in her notebook and smiled. “You look great, but you probably
don’t count as sea life. Cookie, you were going to find some historical information. And Volcano,you were in charge of Hawaiian geography, right?”
“I’ll do my part soon,” said Cookie. “I’ve been really busy lately.”
“Me, too. I’ve been really busy!” said Volcano.
I was getting the impression that no one but me planned to work on the brochure. “What am I
going to do? Do I have to do all the work for everyone if I don’t want a bad grade?”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As we set the table for dinner, my mom could tell I was stressed out.
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And at our next group meeting, I tried to bring up my concerns in a friendly way.
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2, （2022·浙江省淳安中学高三开学考试）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之
构成一篇完整的文章。
On the first day of school, I stared in awe at the huge buildings. This high school was definitely
bigger than the one I had previously attended.
This was my second year of high school, but my first year of school in St. Louis. I had decided
the night before that I would be much happier in a new school if I made friends that were so-called
“popular”. Getting in with the right group of people would make my life a whole lot better. I even
bought a new outfit and had my hair styled just so the first day would be perfect.Scared, yet anxious to begin my new life, I walked up the stairs to the front door. The halls were
packed with kids yelling and laughing and telling stories of their summer adventures. My first class
was geometry, but where was that?
I was standing in the hall looking confused, when a short, blond girl wearing glasses came up
and asked, “Are you new? You look lost. Do you need help? My name is Diane. What’s yours?”
Even though she seemed a bit strange, definitely not the kind of person I wanted to be associated
with, I decided to answer her anyway. I was, after all, lost.
After exchanging names. I followed her up the stairs and down a hallway on the right, making
polite conversation the whole way. When we reached my room she said, “Well, here you are.
Welcome to JFK, and I hope your day goes all right.”
I said thanks and waved good-bye. Once inside the classroom, I saw one big group of people
huddled around someone who seemed to be telling some sort of story. I walked over and got close
enough to overhear. All eyes were glued to the guy in the middle of the circle who was wearing a
letter jacket covered with patches. I decided that this guy was popular, so I managed to get a seat
right next to him. I said, “Hi, my name is Lisa and I’m new here.” He said, “Johnny.”
注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右：
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置答题。
At the end of the class, I turned to him and asked, “I’m not sure where my next class is, could
you help me?”
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Just at that time, someone came up and tapped me on the shoulder.
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【答案】
1, As we set the table for dinner, my mom could tell I was stressed out. “What’s going on?” she asked. “No one
else in my group is doing any work,” I told her. “So I thought that the only way to get the brochure done is to do it
myself.” “Well,” my mom said with a smile. “First of all, I think you should talk with your group about your
concerns in a friendly way. Secondly, you should do the best job you can on your part of the assignment.” After
hearing my mother’s words, I was lost in thought.
And at our next group meeting, I tried to bring up my concerns in a friendly way. “Since we’re working as a
team, we’re all relying on each other to do the best we can,” I told them. “If anyone is having trouble, maybe we
can talk about solutions together.” Surprisingly, Cupcake, Cookie, and Volcano all ended up doing their share. They
didn’t necessarily do things the way I would have, but I guess that’s the deal with group projects.
【导语】文章以时间发展为线索，讲述了我在团队项目中遇到的一个挑战。老师分配我和其它三人一起，
从50个州中选出一个州，然后对这个州做一个宣传册。在和小组其它三人的沟通中，我发现其它三人对于
我分配的任务都不愿配合去完成，我进退两难，不知该如何做。
【详解】1.段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“当我们摆好餐具准备吃晚饭的时候，我妈妈看得出来我压力很大。”可知，第一段
可描写妈妈看出我的情绪，想法设法安慰我，同时向我提出一些建议。
②由第二段首句内容“在我们的下一次小组会议上，我试图友好地提出我的担忧。”可知，第二段可描写
在我的态度转变后，团队的其他三人都出色地完成了自己该做的事情。
2.续写线索
妈妈看出端倪——询问——提出建议——第二次会议——我改变态度——三人完成任务——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①询问：ask/enquire/inquiry/question②告知；回答：told/informed/replied
③谈论；交谈：talk about /communicate/discuss
情绪类
①友好的：friendly/amicable/neighborly
②惊人地，出人意外地：surprisingly/unexpectedly/amazingly
【点睛】[高分句型1]
So I thought that the only way to get the brochure done is to do it myself.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]
If anyone is having trouble, maybe we can talk about solutions together.（运用了if引导条件状语从句）
2, One Possible Version:
At the end of the class, I turned to him and asked, “I’m not sure where my next class is, could you help me?”
With a frown, he looked at me and then said a quick no, turned back to his friends, and walked out of the
classroom. As they were walking out I heard him say, “Did you guys see that new girl trying to get into our group?
That outfit was too strange.” They all laughed and some of them turned around and stared at me. My face hot
with shame, I stood stock-still, not believing what had just happened.
Just at that time, someone came up and tapped me on the shoulder. It was Diane. Like a ray of sunshine, the
big smile on her face swept away my gloom. I struggled to hold my feelings back and told her what I had
encountered. A gleam of concern in her eyes, she said she was sorry and offered to find my next class. At that
moment I realized how wrong I was in wanting to only be friends with popular people. Maybe I shouldn’t decide
whether a person is worth being my friend or not by their reputation, but by who they are.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者高中第二年是在圣路易斯的第一年，作者在学校认识了
Diane，Diane给作者指路。结果作者因为穿着被班上的同学嘲笑，Diane也对作者表示了关心，作者也感悟
到不应该只和受欢迎的人交朋友。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“下课的时候，我转向他问：‘我不知道下节课在哪里，你能帮我吗？’”可知，第
一段可描写对方的反应以及作者被嘲笑的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“就在那时，有人走过来拍了拍我的肩膀”可知，第二段可描写Diane帮助作者以及
作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：询问——拒绝——嘲笑——帮助——感悟
3.词汇激活行为类
①走出：walk out of/step out of
②融入：get into/fit into
③抑制：hold back/restrain
情绪类
①奇怪的：strange /odd
②担心：concern /worry
【点睛】[高分句型1] My face hot with shame, I stood stock-still, not believing what had just happened.(运用了
what引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Maybe I shouldn’t decide whether a person is worth being my friend or not by their reputation, but
by who they are. (运用了whether引导宾语从句)
