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译林高中英语选必一词汇表默写本+高考高频核心词汇20个精讲精练
译林高中英语选必一词汇表默写本+高考高频核心词汇20个精讲精练词汇是学习的核心和基础。为了便于检查复习，现在陆续把译林高中课本词汇表整理好并制作默写本用于检查，希望对大家有所帮助。 先来20个高考高频核心词汇，涵盖词性变形、短语搭配与易考熟词生义，搭配习题巩固，帮大家高效突破英语完形与语法填空考点。 link vt./n. 联系；连接；纽带；linkage n. 关联，联系 ‑ link A to/with B 把A与B联系/连接起来 ‑ a link between A and B A与B之间的联系 ‑ link up (with) 连接；会合 n.（网络）链接；vt. 将…归因于（阅读高频） 例：The report links stress to poor sleep. 这份报告把睡眠差归因于压力。 Studies link poor sleep with memory loss. 研究将睡眠不好与记忆力衰退联系起来。 impress vt. 使印象深刻；使铭记；impression n. 印象；impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的；unimpressive adj. 无深刻印象的 ‑ impress sb with sth 用某物给某人留下深刻印象 ‑ impress sth on/upon sb 使某人铭记某事 ‑ be impressed by/with… 对……印象深刻 vt. 压印，盖印 例：The mark is impressed on the surface. 印记被压印在表面。 What impressed me most was his courage in face of difficulty. 给我印象最深的是他面对困难时的勇气。 security n. 安全；保障；保安；secure adj.安全的 vt.获得；保护；insecure adj.不安全的 ‑ sense of security 安全感 ‑ food security 粮食安全 ‑ security guard 保安 辨析：security抽象保障；safety侧重人身平安 n. 抵押品；(复数securities)有价证券 例：He offered his house as security for the loan. 他拿房子做贷款抵押。 Social development is important to people’s sense of security. 社会发展对人们的安全感很重要。 diverse adj.多种多样的；diversity n.多样性；diversify v.使多样化 ‑ diverse cultures 多元文化 ‑ diverse backgrounds 不同背景 adj. 迥然相异的，差别极大的 例：They hold diverse views on social problems. 他们对社会问题持截然不同的观点。 China is home to diverse ethnic cultures. 中国拥有丰富多彩的民族文化。 consume vt.消耗；耗费；吃，喝；consumer n.消费者；consumption n.消耗量 ‑ consume time/energy 消耗时间/精力 ‑ be consumed with 被（强烈情绪）占据 ① vt. 烧毁，毁灭；② vt. 心中充满（愤怒、嫉妒等负面情绪） 例1：The big fire consumed the whole building. 大火烧毁了整栋大楼。 例2：She was consumed with anger. 她怒火中烧。 Large‑sized cars consume much more fuel. 大排量汽车消耗更多燃料。 compose v.作曲；创作；组成；使镇静；composer n.作曲家；composition n.作文；成分 ‑ compose music/poems 作曲/写诗 ‑ be composed of 由……组成 ⚠️consist of无被动 = be composed of被动 vt. 使平静，使镇定；compose oneself 使自己冷静 例：She composed herself before speaking. 她先镇定下来再开口说话。 The team is composed of students from different grades. 这支队伍由来自不同年级的学生组成。 deserve vt.值得；应得；deserving adj.值得帮助的 ‑ deserve sth 应得某物 ‑ deserve to do sth 应该做某事 ‑ deserve doing = deserve to be done 值得被…（主动表被动） vt. 应受（惩罚），活该 例：He deserves punishment for his mistake. 他犯错理应受罚。 This problem deserves careful consideration. =This problem deserves considering / to be considered. 这个问题值得仔细考虑。 overcome vt.(overcame‑overcome)克服；战胜；使深受影响 ‑ overcome difficulties/barriers 克服困难/障碍 ‑ be overcome with grief/fear 悲痛万分/十分恐惧 vt.（情绪、疾病）把…压垮（多用于被动） 例：She was overcome with sorrow at the bad news. 听到噩耗她悲痛不已。 With determination, we can overcome any difficulty. 凭借决心，我们可以克服任何困难。 surround vt.包围；环绕；surrounding adj.周围的；surroundings n.环境(只用复数) ‑ be surrounded by/with… 被……包围 vt.（谜团、传闻）笼罩，围绕（抽象） 例：Mystery surrounds his disappearance. 他的失踪笼罩着谜团。 The small town is surrounded by green hills. 这座小镇被青山环绕。 defend v.防御；保护；辩解；defence n.防御；defensive adj.防御性的 ‑ defend sb/sth against/from… 保护……免受…… ‑ defend oneself 自卫；为自己辩解 ‑ in defence of 为保卫…… vt. 为…辩护（法律）；卫冕（体育） 例：He will defend his championship title next year. 明年他将卫冕冠军。 They fought bravely to defend their homeland. 他们英勇战斗保卫祖国。 strike v.(struck‑struck/stricken)击打；突然想到；罢工；划火柴 n.罢工；袭击 ‑ It strikes/struck sb that… 某人突然想到…… ‑ go on strike 举行罢工 ① vt.(灾难)袭击；② strike a deal 达成协议；③ strike sb as…给某人留下…印象 例：A heavy storm struck the coastal city. 一场暴风雨袭击了这座沿海城市。 It struck me that I had forgotten the appointment. 我突然想到我忘记了这次约会。 oppose vt.反对，抵制；opposing adj.相反的；opposition n.反对 ‑ oppose sth / oppose doing sth 反对（做）某事 ‑ be opposed to (doing) sth 反对（做）某事（to是介词） vt. 使对照，使对比 oppose A to B 把A与B做对比 例：The author opposes reality to fantasy in the novel.作者在小说中将现实和幻想对比。 Many people are opposed to building the factory here. 很多人反对在这里修建工厂。 arrange v.安排；筹备；整理；arrangement n.安排；筹备 ‑ arrange to do sth 安排做某事 ‑ arrange for sb to do sth 安排某人做某事 ‑ make arrangements for… 为……做安排（必须复数） vt. 改编（乐曲） 例：The song is arranged for violin. 这首曲子被改编为小提琴曲。 We have arranged for him to give us a speech. 我们已经安排他给我们做一场演讲。 decline vi./n.下降；衰退；衰落 vt.婉言拒绝 ‑ on the decline 在衰退中；在下降 ‑ decline to do sth 婉言拒绝做某事 ‑ a decline in … ……方面的下降 vi.（健康）衰弱；（太阳）下落 例：His health began to decline after the illness.生病后他身体日渐衰弱。 The number of traditional craftsmen is on the decline. 传统手艺人的数量正在减少。 He declined to answer our questions. 他婉拒回答我们的问题。 expose vt.暴露；揭露；使接触；exposure n.暴露；接触 ‑ expose sb to sth 使某人接触/暴露于某物 ‑ be exposed to… 暴露于；接触到（to介词） vt. 揭发，揭露（丑闻、真相） 例：The report exposed the whole truth.这份报告揭露了全部真相。 Children should be exposed to more excellent traditional art. 孩子们应该多接触优秀的传统艺术。 reward vt.奖励；回报 n.奖赏，报酬；rewarding adj.有回报的，有益的 ‑ reward sb for (doing) sth 因某事奖赏某人 ‑ reward sb with sth 用某物回报某人 ‑ in reward for 作为对…的回报 vt.（抽象）使得到回报 例：Your hard work will reward you sooner or later.你的努力迟早会有回报。 He was rewarded for saving the child from the river. 他因从河里救起孩子而受到嘉奖。 claim vt.声称；宣称；索要；夺去（生命） n.索赔；所有权；声明；claimant n.索赔人 ‑ claim to do sth 声称做某事 ‑ claim for sth 就…提出索赔 ‑ make a claim 提出索赔 vt.（灾难、事故）夺去（生命） 例：The flood claimed hundreds of lives.洪水夺走数百人的生命。 He claims to have finished the task ahead of time. 他声称已经提前完成任务。 distinguish vt.&vi.区分；辨别；使出众；distinction n.区别；荣誉；distinct adj.明显的；distinctive adj.独特的 ‑ distinguish A from B 区分A与B ‑ distinguish between A and B 辨别A和B ‑ distinguish oneself 表现出众，脱颖而出 vt. 作为…的特征，使有别于 例：Culture distinguishes humans from animals.文化使人区别于动物。 It is hard to distinguish the two twins. 很难区分这对双胞胎。 owe vt.欠（钱/人情）；归功于；owing adj.未付的 ‑ owe sb sth = owe sth to sb 欠某人某物 ‑ owe sth to sb/sth 把…归功于 ‑ owing to 由于，因为（介词短语） vt. 应当给予 例：You owe him an apology.你理应向他道歉。 He owes his success to his teachers’ help. 他把成功归功于老师的帮助。 blame vt.责备；归咎于 n.责任，指责；blameless adj.无过失的 ‑ blame sb for sth 因某事责备某人 ‑ blame sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人 ‑ be to blame (for) 该受责备；应承担责任（主动表被动！高频考点） n.（过错的）责任 例：He took the blame for the mistake.他为这个错误承担责任。 Who is to blame for the accident? 谁该为这起事故承担责任？ 巩固练习题（10道，语法填空，覆盖熟词生义、介词、主动表被动考点） 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. She took a deep breath and ____(compose) herself before giving the speech. 2. Many citizens are opposed to ____(develop) the wetland for industry. 3. ____(expose) to strong sunlight for long will do harm to your skin. 4. It suddenly ____(strike) me that I had left my wallet on the bus. 5. The problem deserves ____(discuss) at the meeting tomorrow. 6. The team ____(compose) of 8 members won the game last week. 7. He owes his great progress ____ his parents’ constant encouragement. 8. The flood ____(claim) many lives in the southern area last summer. 9. Who is ____(blame) for the failure of the project? 10. Hard work will be ____(reward) sooner or later. 参考答案+简要解析 1. composed ----熟词生义：使镇定；时态一般过去时 2. developing---- 介词to后面接动名词；be opposed to doing 3. Being exposed ----动名词作主语；be exposed to 暴露于 4. struck---- It struck sb that… 某人突然想到…，过去式 5. discussing / to be discussed ----deserve doing = deserve to be done主动表被动 6. composed---- be composed of由…组成；过去分词作后置定语，去掉be 7. to ----owe sth to sb 把…归功于 8. claimed ----熟词生义：(灾难)夺去生命；过去式 9. to blame ----be to blame 应受责备，主动表被动，固定用法 10. rewarded ----被动语态：努力终将得到回报 获取默写本词汇表方法：关注，私信：选必一词汇表 更多阅读： 【高考完形填空｜50组高频核心动词短语】同动词归类打包记忆（月考必背） 三招破解语法填空，帮你稳稳拿住15分 吃透高考熟词生义：从2023浙江1月英语真题学命题逻辑和复习策略 高考真题语法突破五‖26年2卷之谓语动词精讲精练