记叙文概要写作怎么写|高中英语Summary专项

哈喽，各位同学~

今天我们讲一下记叙文概要如何写~

记叙文写概要是很让人头疼的一个类型：人物太多、情节太碎，分不清哪些该留、哪些要删，要么写得像完整复述故事，要么漏掉关键情节拿不到高分。

其实记叙文概要就三个字：抓重点！

找对方法，抓大放小，记叙文summary很好拿下！

✅记叙文概要核心抓取三大板块

🔹1. 抓基础：故事六要素

抓住人物、时间、地点、起因、经过、最终结果，简称 5W1H（Who / When / Where / What / Why / How）

🔹2. 抓主线：梳理故事情节，人物动作，情感脉络，只保留主干信息，剔除细致描写。

🔹3. 抓升华：看好核心寓意以及启示

不少记叙文结尾会点明道理，像坚持的意义、善意的力量、学会沟通等等，概要里必须包含这层意思，体现你对文章的深度理解。

📌四步写作流程

1. 通读全文，标记关键信息完整读一遍文章，圈画关键情节、故事转折点、情绪关键词，先搞清楚整件事的来龙去脉。
2. 大胆删减，剔除次要细节概要写作要学会做减法！对话、环境渲染、动作细节、举例描写这些内容直接舍弃，只保留推动故事发展的主干情节。
3. 串联要点，统一时态按照时间或者因果逻辑把提炼出来的要点串联起来。⚠️记叙文概要大多使用一般过去时，全程保持时态统一，不要来回切换。
4. 收尾自查写完之后检查：关键情节有没有遗漏？词数是否达标？有没有摘抄原文大段句子？逻辑是否通顺？

📘完整例题+逐段精讲

✅题目（标准考试格式）

Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

📄原文（记叙文，故事类）

William was watching news reports on his phone. It was about 10 minutes before he would get off when he heard a loud noise. Some students in the front were screaming, and William, surprised, looked up to see what was happening. He found that the bus driver was no longer in his seat. He had passed out and fallen onto the bus steps. The students were scared and didn't know what to do.

William, however, had received bus safety training in Grade 5 and had learned how to use the bus's two‑way radio in an emergency. Now, in the face of danger, he quickly jumped out of his seat, grabbed the radio, and reported that the driver needed immediate help.

The radios on other buses allowed the bus driver's workmates to hear William report the emergency. Soon, another bus driver and an ambulance arrived to help. When they got there, the bus driver was awake, sitting up but unable to work. William and everyone else on the bus went to school as usual.

William used what he had learned to help the sick bus driver get quick medical treatment. His brave actions attracted a lot of attention. People in his hometown now call the 11‑year‑old a hero. A local TV station even interviewed him.

✔第一步：判断体裁 ✅记叙文

👉核心：人物 + 时间 + 地点 + 事件起因→经过→高潮→结局（人物行动，故事发展）

记叙文概要核心思路：抓5W1H（Who / When / Where / What / Why / How）

🎯5W1H快速定位

• Who：William (an 11‑year‑old student)
• Where：on the school bus
• When：before William got off the bus
• What：the bus driver suddenly passed out
• How：William used his safety training, called for help via two‑way radio
• Result：Ambulance arrived, driver received help, William was regarded as a hero

🔍逐段精讲（哪些留✅ / 哪些删❌）

📌Paragraph 1（起因）

✅保留要点：在校车上，司机突然昏迷，其他学生惊慌失措不知道怎么办❌删掉：

• William was watching news reports on his phone（无关小细节）
• screaming, surprised（情绪描写，不用写进概要）
• fallen onto the bus steps（细碎细节）

👉提炼例句：

On the school bus, the driver suddenly passed out, leaving other students at a loss.

📌Paragraph 2（高潮，主角行动！最重要段落）

✅保留要点：William曾经接受过安全培训，他立刻使用双向无线电求救❌删掉：

• jumped out of his seat, grabbed（动作细节，不用逐一刻画）
• in Grade 5（时间细节，可以省略）

👉提炼例句：

With previous safety training, William used the two‑way radio to call for help.

📌Paragraph 3（救援到来）

✅保留要点：很快救护车和救援人员赶到❌删掉：

• radios on other buses, workmates heard（次要背景）
• went to school as usual（非常次要，可删）
• sitting up but unable to work（细节）

👉提炼例句：

Soon, an ambulance and helpers came to offer assistance.

📌Paragraph 4（结局+评价）

✅保留要点：他的勇敢行为得到大家认可，被大家称为小英雄❌删掉：

• A local TV station even interviewed him（额外例子，可以删掉，节省词数）

👉提炼例句：

His brave behaviour won him wide praise and people viewed him as a hero.

🧩要点合并，同义改写，控制≤60词

✅参考范文1，基础版（词数：57）

On the school bus, the driver suddenly passed out while other students scared. Thanks to his earlier safety training, William used the two‑way radio to call for help. Soon an ambulance arrived. The 11‑year‑old boy’s brave action earned him recognition and he was considered a hero.

（点评：中规中矩，稳妥拿分。适合基础较弱的学生）

✅参考范文2，基础版（词数58）

On the school bus, the driver suddenly passed out and other students grew scared and helpless. Having received safety training before, William used the radio to call for help. Soon the ambulance arrived. The 11‑year‑old boy’s brave action impressed people greatly, so they regarded him as a local hero.

 （点评：使用了现在分词作状语 Having received...句子语法结构稍丰富）

✅参考范文3，高分句式版（词数：59）

When the bus driver lost consciousness on the school bus, other students were trapped in panic. Drawing on his earlier safety training, William used the two‑way radio to send an emergency request. Rescuers arrived soon, and the boy’s courageous deed gained widespread acclaim, earning him the name of hero.

 （点评：使用了When引导的时间状语从句，Drawing on..... /earning him.....非谓语动词，句式和词汇更高级）

✅参考范文4，高分句式版（词数：57）

In a sudden emergency, 11-year-old William prevented a crisis on a school bus. When the driver fainted, William, instead of panicking, quickly used the two-way radio to seek immediate help. Consequently, the driver received timely treatment. His quick thinking made him a local hero.

 （点评：词汇高级，句式结构流畅自然，体现了语言的熟练运用）

✅检查：

✅完整故事链：起因→主角行动→救援到来→结局评价

✅没有大段摘抄原文，自己改写

✅删掉所有无关细碎细节

✅词数达标（＜60）

❌记叙文概要高频踩坑点

1. ❌大量堆砌细节（把jump、grab、scream全部写进去，词数爆炸，主次不分）
2. ❌要素残缺：只有起因，没有主角行动, 漏掉故事结局，只写过程
3. ❌自己增加剧情、添加个人主观评价，抒发自己的感想（比如：I think William is great .❌客观转述故事即可）
4. ❌照搬原句，直接复制原文长句被判抄袭
5. ❌打乱故事时间顺序，逻辑混乱
6. ❌时态来回变动，人称前后不一致

📌记叙文概要万能做题步骤总结

1. ✅通读，抓5W1H，分清：起因 → 经过（主角行动） → 结局
2. ✅圈出主线，划掉情绪描写、细碎动作、无关小细节
3. ✅串联事件，用简单逻辑词（then, soon, luckily, thanks to…）
4. ✅改写，不要照抄，控制词数≤60
5. ✅检查主线是否完整，有没有丢关键情节

✨高分加分小技巧

✅同义替换： 灵活替换原文里的动词、形容词

✅善用过渡词：At first、Suddenly、Finally、Eventually...，把故事情节自然衔接，读起来流畅

✅句式优化：把原文长句简化，避免堆砌大量修饰词

📝 记叙文概要万能模板（直接背）

Step 1：点明主角与起因

At first, [Who] was doing [What] when [起因].

Step 2：主角如何应对（核心动作）

However, instead of panicking, [Who] decided to [核心动作]. With his/her [能力/勇气], he/she managed to [解决方式].

Step 3：结局与升华

Consequently, [结果]. His/Her [品质] earned him/her wide praise / made him/her a hero.

💡小提醒

记叙文概要不是让你讲故事，不需要生动华丽的描写，客观、简洁、完整地把故事主线呈现出来就是一篇优秀summary。多练习抓取主线，慢慢就能快速提炼重点啦。