专题08 概要写作15 篇 (上海专用)
【题型知识点细目表】
题号
难度
知识点
1
适中
动物,科普知识
2
适中
发明与创造
3
适中
动物,科普知识
4
较难
环境保护,科普知识
5
较难
职业规划,哲理感悟
6
较难
阅读
7
适中
健康饮食 ,科普知识
8
较难
情绪
9
较易
动物
10
较难
家人和亲人 ,生活故事
11
较难
社会问题与社会现象,人工智能
12
较难
方法/策略,职业内容
13
较难
环境保护,人与动植物
14
较难
社会问题与社会现象,人工智能
15
较难
音乐与舞蹈,广告/布告
【高考典例】
1．Directions： Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no
more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Scientists Discover Animal Language
It is human beings’ pride that we are the only species on the Planet that can speak and think. However,
recent research cast doubt on that common belief.
Zuberbuhler, a psychologist at St. Andrews University, and his colleagues recorded thousands of calls made
by Diana monkeys and noticed that the monkeys adapted their calls to change the meaning to warn one another
about different situations. For example, they made a ‘krack’ alarm call at the sight of tiger. However, when they
merely repeated calls made by other monkeys they added an ‘oo’.
The researchers found that the same calls would be recognised by other species, like Campbell’s monkeys.
So they are communicating across species. “And since then we have found that hornbill birds can understand
these calls and they too can understand all the different meanings”, said Zuberbuhler.
What is also surprising is that signs of intelligence have been found in birds, whose small brains were long
assumed to be a complete barrier to sentence. However, all is changing fast. A few years ago Irene Pepperberg of
the Massachusetts Institute of Technology taught a parrot to recognise and count up to six objects and describe
their shapes, which couldn’t have been achieved if birds were unable to memorize.
Last year, that was topped by Alex Kacelnik, a professor of behavioral ecology at Oxford, who discovered
that crows (乌鸦) are capable of using tools in complex orders, the first time such behaviour has been observed in
non-humans. In an experiment seven crows successfully grabbed a piece of food placed out of reach using three
different lengths of stick. Crucially, they were able to complete the task without any special training, suggesting
the birds were capable of a level of abstract reasoning normally associated only with humans.
All this is powerful evidence against the idea that people are unique.
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【答案】It may be surprising that scientists have discovered signs of language and intelligence in monkeys and
birds. Some monkeys can communicate various meanings with different calls, which are across species. Some
birds, like parrot and crows, have the ability to recognize and reason. So language and intelligence are not unique
to humans.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家在猴子和鸟类身上发现了语言和智力的迹象，挑战
了“人类是唯一会说话、会思考的物种”的传统观点。科学家研究发现有些猴子可以通过不同的叫声传
达不同的意思，这是跨物种的。有些鸟，比如鹦鹉和乌鸦，有识别和推理的能力。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
Human beings take pride in the fact that we are the only species on the Planet that can speak and think.
①
However, recent research cast doubt on that common belief.
The monkeys adapted their calls to change the meaning to warn one another about different situations. And they
②
are communicating across species.
It is surprising that signs of intelligence have been found in birds, whose small brains were long assumed to be a
③
complete barrier to sentence..
Evidence disproves human uniqueness in intelligence/communication.
④
2. 缜密构思 将第1、3 两个要点进行重组，将第2、3 两个要点进行整合。
3. 遣词造句
It may be wrong that if you think we human beings are the only species on the Planet that can speak and think.
Monkeys adapt calls for specific warnings and the warnings would be recognised by other species, like
Campbell’s monkeys.
Birds show advanced abilities of memorizing, tool use, and reasoning.
Evidence disproves human exclusivity in intelligence/communication.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It may be surprising that scientists have discovered signs of language and intelligence
in monkeys and birds. 运用一个主从复合句对原文第一段至第五段内容进行了概括。其中It 为形式主语，
that 引导主语从句。
【高分句型2】 Some monkeys can communicate various meanings with different calls, which are across
species. 概括了第二、三段内容，运用了which 引导的非限制性定语从句。
【高分句型3】Some birds, like parrot and crows, have the ability to recognize and reason. 对第四、五段进行
了概括，使用了动词不定式短语作后置定语。
2．Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of
the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Fluido,a Texas-based analytics company,recently released its new product,called FluidoPlus for free. It
connects retailers (零售商) to a cloud-based analytics service using Wi-Fi. They then collect information about
customers behaviour by monitoring the media access code (MAC) in every smart phone that enters the stores.
This means that stores will be able to implement an analytics package to receive information that could help guide
their marketing. With the information，store managers can measure the number of people who walk past the store
and the number who come through the front door. Also, this information includes whether or not these people
come in immediately or are convinced to do so by the shop front.
Fluido Plus has received a lot of criticism from consumers concerned about their privacy being invaded.
But Fluido assures that the MAC data is scrambled, which means that no personally identifiable information is
collected. The company also points to the fact that Fluido is a part of the group that initiated the Mobile Location
Analytics code of conduct. These sets of rules require companies to receive customers’ agreement before they can
collect any personal information.
Emily Carrless, a senior director at the NO Watching Please Co, believes that this technology ignores
customers’ privacy. “This is a clear example of profit outweighing privacy,” she said. The use of tracking
technology by shops in order to provide a better or more personal service seems totally disproportionate. Carrless
also stressed the importance of customer awareness. She said that while tracking technology was still developing,
there was an obvious goal in mind to identify individuals. Companies like Fluido won’t stop at the general
information like the number of customers who walk into stores. The long game is about identifying individuals,
and this technologies is very close to enabling Fluido to do that.
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【答案】Fluido released FluidoPlus, a product collecting information about customers by monitoring the MAC,
thus helping analyzing their behavior to promote marketing. Fluido assures consumers of scrambled MAC and
essential customers’ agreement. However, Carrless believes that Fuido prefers profit to privacy and it will identify
individuals one day, so consumer awareness is important.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Fuido 最近发布的新产品FluidoPlus 的作用，和消费者对此的
态度。
【详解】1.要点摘录
Fluido, a Texas-based analytics company, recently released its new product, called FluidoPlus for free.
①
They then collect information about customers behaviour by monitoring the media access code (MAC) in every
②
smart phone that enters the stores. This means that stores will be able to implement an analytics package to
receive information that could help guide their marketing.
Fluido Plus has received a lot of criticism from consumers concerned about their privacy being invaded. But
③
Fluido assures that the MAC data is scrambled, which means that no personally identifiable information is
collected.
Emily Carrless, a senior director at the NO Watching Please Co, believes that this technology ignores
④
customers’ privacy. “This is a clear example of profit outweighing privacy,” she said. The use of tracking
technology by shops in order to provide a better or more personal service seems totally disproportionate. Carrless
also stressed the importance of customer awareness.
2.缜密构思
将①、②两个要点进行整合。将③、④两个要点进行重组。
3.遣词造句
Fluido released FluidoPlus, a product collecting information about customers by monitoring the MAC, thus
helping analyzing their behavior to promote marketing.
Fluido assures consumers of scrambled MAC and essential customers’ agreement.
However, Carrless believes that Fuido prefers profit to privacy and it will identify individuals one day, so
consumer awareness is important.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Fluido released FluidoPlus, a product collecting information about customers by
monitoring the MAC, thus helping analyzing their behavior to promote marketing.（运用了非谓语动词，对原
文第一段进行了概括。其中现在分词collecting 作定语、现在分词helping 作结果状语，不定式to promote
作目的状语，表达非常高级）
【高分句型2】However, Carrless believes that Fuido prefers profit to privacy and it will identify individuals one
day, so consumer awareness is important. （运用了一个复杂的主从复合句，对原文第三段进行了概括。其
中that 引导的宾语从句，表达非常高级）
3．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no
more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Neuroscientists usually define a singular memory as an engram (记忆印记) — a physical change in brain
tissue associated with a particular recollection. Recently, brain scans revealed that an engram isn't isolated to one
region of the brain and instead manifests as a colorful splattering across the neural tissue. “A memory looks more
like a web in the brain than a single spot,” says neuroscientist and National Geographic Explorer Steve Ramirez of
Boston University. That's because when a memory is created, it includes all the visual, auditory, and tactile inputs
that make an experience memorable, and brain cells are encoded from all of those regions.
Now, scientists are even able to track how memories move across the brain, like detectives finding
footprints in the snow. While at MIT in 2013, Ramirez and his research partner Xu Liu had a breakthrough: They
were able to target the cells that make up one engram in a mouse's brain and then implant a false memory. In their
work, mice reacted in fear to a particular stimulus even when they had not been conditioned in advance. While
mouse brains are less advanced than the human equivalent, Ramirez says they can still help neuroscientists
understand how our memories work, too.
In their current work, Ramirez and his colleagues are investigating whether positive and negative memories
are stored in different groups of brain cells, and whether negative memories can be “overwritten” by positive ones.
To prep mice for the experiments, the team injects the animals’ brains with a virus that contains fluorescent
proteins and surgically implants optic fibers. The mice are then given a diet that prevents the virus from
fluorescing until the researchers are ready to tag a positive or negative experience. Positive memories are created
by putting male mice in cages with female mice for an hour, and negative memories are created by putting the
mice in cages that deliver brief foot shocks. Once the mice have been conditioned to associate certain triggers
with each experience, they undergo a short surgical operation so the scientists can stimulate the cells associated
with the positive or negative engrams.
They are finding that activating positive memories while a mouse is in a cage it associates with fear makes that
mouse less fearful. Using a different technique, University of Toronto neuroscientist Sheena Josselyn was able to
completely eliminate fear memories in mice.
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【答案】Possible 1: Memory is like a net in the brain. Scientists can even track the movement of memory in the
brain. At present, Sheena Josselyn, a neuroscientist at the University of Toronto, has used mice as experimental
objects, using a different technology, which can completely eliminate the fear memory of mice. (49 words)
Possible 2: Recently, brain scans revealed that an engram isn't isolated to one region of the brain and
instead manifests as a colorful splattering across the neural tissue. Scientists not only tracked the movement of
memory in the brain, but also studied the storage location and interaction between positive memory and negative
memory. (51 Words)
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了神经系统科学家Steve Ramirez 和同事利用老鼠进行实验，
追踪记忆在大脑中移动的方式，该研究有助于神经科学家了解我们记忆的工作原理。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
Recently, brain scans revealed that an engram isn’t isolated to one region of the brain and instead manifests as a
①
colorful splattering across the neural tissue.
Now, scientists are even able to track how memories move across the brain, like detectives finding footprints in
②
the snow.
In their current work, Ramirez and his colleagues are investigating whether positive and negative memories are
③
stored in different groups of brain cells, and whether negative memories can be “overwritten” by positive ones.
Using a different technique, University of Toronto neuroscientist Sheena Josselyn was able to completely
④
eliminate fear memories in mice.
2.缜密构思
将第1 个要点进行改写，将第2、3、4 三个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
Recently, brain scans revealed that an engram isn't isolated to one region of the brain and instead manifests as a
colorful splattering across the neural tissue.
Scientists not only tracked the movement of memory in the brain, but also studied the storage location and
interaction between positive memory and negative memory
【点睛】【高分句型1】Recently, brain scans revealed that an engram isn't isolated to one region of the brain
and instead manifests as a colorful splattering across the neural tissue.（运用了that 引导的宾语从句，对第一
段内容进行了概括总结）
【高分句型2】Scientists not only tracked the movement of memory in the brain, but also studied the storage
location and interaction between positive memory and negative memory.（运用了not only...but also 连接的并列
句，对二三四五段内容进行了概括，not only 部分概括第二段内容，but also 部分概括其他段落内容，非常
凝练）
【热点话题练习】
4．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no
more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Save the Sink
There are portents (凶兆) of a longer-term and faster decline of the land carbon sink. For instance, the
global forest carbon sink has steadily declined since 2001, mainly due to deforestation. In 2023 and 2024,
wildfires further reduced the forest sink to its lowest point in two decades, fuelling feedback cycles that accelerate
climate change. “We’re seeing this happening right before our eyes and faster than we thought it would,” says
Rose.
If the land carbon sink does vanish in the not-so-distant future, the consequences for climate action would
be profound. Most countries depend on their sinks to meet emissions promises under the Paris Agreement that
aims to keep long-term global warming to a 1.5℃ threshold. So, losing the sinks earlier than expected would
mean emissions have to decline more rapidly elsewhere. In Europe, for instance, a sudden decline in the forest
carbon sink over the past few years — a perfect storm of overharvesting in the aftermath of drought, heat and
insect outbreaks — has put the bloc far off track to meet its 2030 emissions targets.
The good news is that there are effective ways to save the sink, or slow down its death. A climate ecologist
says the most important steps are to protect, restore and manage ecosystems, in that order. If existing forests were
left to grow undisturbed, a maximum potential uptake of 228 billion tonnes of carbon as they reach full maturity
over decades — equivalent to about a third of our cumulative carbon emissions to date. Another 87 billion tonnes
could be captured by restoring forests in places where they once grew.
Beyond this, better management of ecosystems could enhance the land carbon sink by several billion tonnes
each year. This involves avoiding monster wildfires by conducting prescribed burns, rolling out climate-friendly
farming practices like cover cropping, and more sustainable harvesting of trees. If we want to hold onto the
unexpected gift of a land carbon sink then we must stop “removing the allies that we have”, says Zohner — and
try to keep growth ahead of death just a little bit longer.
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【答案】
The land carbon sink is disappearing faster than expected because of deforestation and wildfires, which
holds countries back from meeting the 1.5℃ Paris Agreement goal. However, effective protection, restoration and
management measures, like wildfire prevention, eco-friendly agriculture, and sustainable harvesting, can enable
the growth of sinks to outpace their death by greatly boosting current and future carbon absorption. (58 words)
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了陆地碳汇出现加速衰退的不良趋势及其可能给各国达成气候目
标带来的严重影响，并提出了保护、恢复和管理生态系统等一系列挽救陆地碳汇的有效措施。
【详解】1.要点摘录
The global forest carbon sink has steadily declined since 2001, mainly due to deforestation. In 2023 and 2024,
①
wildfires further reduced the forest sink to its lowest point in two decades, fuelling feedback cycles that accelerate
climate change.
Most countries depend on their sinks to meet emissions promises under the Paris Agreement that aims to keep
②
long-term global warming to a 1.5℃ threshold.
A climate ecologist says the most important steps are to protect, restore and manage ecosystems.
③
Beyond this, better management of ecosystems could enhance the land carbon sink by several billion tonnes
④
each year. This involves avoiding monster wildfires by conducting prescribed burns, rolling out climate-friendly
farming practices like cover cropping, and more sustainable harvesting of trees.
2.缜密构思
将要点①②整合，说明陆地碳汇的不良趋势及影响；将要点③④整合，介绍一系列挽救陆地碳汇的有效
措施。
3.遣词造句
The land carbon sink is declining faster than expected due to deforestation and wildfires, which holds countries
back from meeting the 1.5℃ Paris Agreement goal.
However, effective protection, restoration and management measures, like wildfire prevention, eco-friendly
agriculture, and sustainable harvesting, can enable the growth of sinks to outpace their death.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The land carbon sink is disappearing faster than expected because of deforestation and
wildfires, which holds countries back from meeting the 1.5℃ Paris Agreement goal. (使用了which 引导的非限
制性定语从句，对一二段内容进行了简明扼要地概括)
【高分句型2】However, effective protection, restoration and management measures, like wildfire prevention,
eco-friendly agriculture, and sustainable harvesting, can enable the growth of sinks to outpace their death by
greatly boosting current and future carbon absorption. (使用了并列短语作主语，介词短语作插入语及方式状
语等，对三四段内容进行整合概括)
5．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no
more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Stop Asking Kids What They Want to Be When They Grow Up
When I was a kid, I dreaded the question. Adults always seemed terribly disappointed that I wasn’t
dreaming of becoming something grand or heroic, like a filmmaker or an astronaut.
In college, I finally realized that I wanted to do many things. So I became a psychologist. My job is to fix
other people’s jobs. I get to experience them indirectly — I’ve gotten to explore how filmmakers blaze new trails
and how astronauts build trust. And I am convinced that asking youngsters what they want to be does them harm.
My first beef with the question is that it forces kids to define themselves in terms of work. When you’re
asked what you want to be when you grow up, it’s not socially acceptable to say, “A father” or “A person of
integrity.” This might be why parents say their most important value for their children is to care about others, yet
their kids believe that top value is success.
The second problem is the implication that there is one calling out there for everyone. Although having a
calling can be a source of joy, research shows that searching for one leaves students feeling lost and confused. And
even if you’re lucky enough to stumble onto a calling, it might not be a successful career. Callings often go
unanswered: Many career passions don’t pay the bills, and many of us just don’t have the talent.
There is a third hurdle: Careers rarely live up to your childhood dreams. In one study, looking for the ideal
job left college seniors feeling more overwhelmed throughout the process — and less satisfied with the outcome.
I’m all for encouraging youngsters to aim high and dream big. Those aspirations should be bigger than
work. Think about what kind of person you want to be — and about all the different things you might want to do.
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【答案】One possible version:
A psychologist claims parents’ asking about kids’ future plans is harmful because kids will measure their
worth by career success. It also implies everyone has a calling, but finding it puzzles kids and the calling may
frustrate them. Seeking dream jobs often leaves kids dissatisfied. Kids should have ambition greater than work
and consider who they really want to become.
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。身为心理学家的作者结合自身经历，反思得出询问孩子“长大后想做
什么”会让他们以职业定义自我价值，并陷入“天职迷思”和理想化职业的困境，他建议应鼓励孩子思
考“想成为什么样的人”，而非局限于工作目标。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
So I became a psychologist.
①
And I am convinced that asking youngsters what they want to be does them harm.
②
My first beef with the question is that it forces kids to define themselves in terms of work.
③
This might be why parents say their most important value for their children is to care about others, yet their kids
④
believe that top value is success.
Although having a calling can be a source of joy, research shows that searching for one leaves students feeling
⑤
lost and confused.
Callings often go unanswered: Many career passions don’t pay the bills, and many of us just don’t have the
⑥
talent.
In one study, looking for the ideal job left college seniors feeling more overwhelmed throughout the process —
⑦
and less satisfied with the outcome.
I’m all for encouraging youngsters to aim high and dream big.
⑧
Those aspirations should be bigger than work.
⑨
Think about what kind of person you want to be — and about all the different things you might want to do.
⑩
2. 缜密构思
将第1、2、3、4 四个要点进行整合，结合作者的身份给出核心论点：问孩子未来职业是有害的，并从身
份价值的角度给出第一个理由；将第5、6 两个要点进行重组，从“天职”迷思的角度给出第二个理由；
将第7 个要点进行重组，从理想职业的角度给出第三个理由；将第8、9、10 三个要点进行整合，给出问
题的解决方案。
3. 遣词造句
Additionally, the assumption that everyone has one “true calling” often leads to confusion, as many passions don’t
translate into viable careers.
Instead, the author suggests shifting the focus from what to who — encouraging kids to aspire to meaningful
personal growth beyond just occupational titles.
【点睛】[高分句型1] A psychologist claims parents’ asking about kids’ future plans is harmful because kids will
measure their worth by career success. (运用了that 引导宾语从句并被省略、because 引导原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] Kids should have ambition greater than work and consider who they really want to become. (运用了
who 引导宾语从句)
6．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no
more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The Experience Of A Used Bookstore
I would choose a used bookstore over the shopping mall bookstores any day. The hunt through a used
bookstore is thrilling and like no other.
The door to a used bookstore opens a world of adventure. The atmosphere of a used bookstore alerts all
your senses. The overwhelming but exciting view of an endless maze of books, the slight but present smell of
books and paper, the sounds of pages being turned and the clerk commenting on the “good finds”, and the feel of
books as you turn through that bin full of endless possibilities, and the taste of sweet taste of victory when you
found a bargain.
A used book tells more than just the story it was made to tell. The book comes with a sense of history. The
book has passed through many hands before yours, and now it has ended up in yours. You have a chance to
become part of this book’s history. My favorite used book is one that has documented history; a handwritten “To”
and “From” note on the opening page, notes in the margins, and highlighted or underlined sections. This helps the
reader to gain a perspective beyond their own. The same book or story leaves different impressions for everyone,
and being able to follow the thoughts of a previous reader may help to expand our own minds, develop a
perspective, or perhaps a new world view.
A used book can provide a blast from the past. Looking through the shelves, or bins at a used bookstore
may bring you across your favorite childhood books, or that one book that got you hooked and made you a book
enthusiast. Perhaps, you find a book that you remember reading and want to pass on the joy to a kid in your life.
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【答案】Wandering around the used bookstore makes me feel excited. All my senses are engaged along the
adventurous hunt for a used book, which carries a sense of history and helps readers gain new perspectives by
following previous readers’ thoughts. We may also find our childhood favorites there, encouraging us to pass
down the joy of reading to kids. (58 words)
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者偏爱二手书店的原因，在二手书店搜寻书籍的过程令人兴
奋，书店的氛围能调动所有感官；二手书承载着历史印记，前人的批注能拓宽读者视野；此外，还能在
二手书店找到童年挚爱书籍，将阅读的快乐传递下去。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
I would choose a used bookstore over the shopping mall bookstores any day. The hunt through a used bookstore
①
is thrilling and like no other.
The atmosphere of a used bookstore alerts all your senses.
②
A used book tells more than just the story it was made to tell. The book comes with a sense of history.
③
My favorite used book is one that has documented history; a handwritten “To” and “From” note on the opening
④
page, notes in the margins, and highlighted or underlined sections. This helps the reader to gain a perspective
beyond their own.
Looking through the shelves, or bins at a used bookstore may bring you across your favorite childhood books,
⑤
or that one book that got you hooked and made you a book enthusiast.
Perhaps, you find a book that you remember reading and want to pass on the joy to a kid in your life.
⑥
2. 缜密构思
将第①点作为总起句，点明作者对二手书店的偏爱及搜寻书籍的乐趣；将第②点作为二手书店的独特氛
围特点；将第③、④点整合为二手书的历史价值及对读者视野的拓宽作用；将第⑤、⑥点整合为在二手
书店能找回童年读物并传递阅读快乐；按此逻辑组织语言形成概要。
3. 遣词造句（与答案一致）
Wandering around the used bookstore makes me feel excited. All my senses are engaged along the
adventurous hunt for a used book, which carries a sense of history and helps readers gain new perspectives by
following previous readers’ thoughts. We may also find our childhood favorites there, encouraging us to pass
down the joy of reading to kids.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Wandering around the used bookstore makes me feel excited.（使用动名词短语作主
语）
[高分句型2] All my senses are engaged along the adventurous hunt for a used book, which carries a sense of
history and helps readers gain new perspectives by following previous readers’ thoughts.（使用which 引导的定
语从句）
7．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no
more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Sweetness: The Silent Killer in Disguise
Imagine starting your day with a flavored yogurt, sipping soda at lunch, and ending with a “healthy”
granola bar. You’d be shocked to learn these daily choices may contain over 50g of added sugar — far exceeding
the WHO’s recommended 25g limit. This unconscious intake is just the first step toward a chain of health risks, as
excessive sugar disrupts our bodies in ways we often ignore.
Sugar’s most immediate threat lies in its metabolic disruption. When consumed in excess, fructose ( 果糖)
overloads the liver, converting into fat and triggering insulin ( 胰岛素) resistance. This process not only raises
blood sugar levels but also lays the groundwork for type 2 diabetes, as confirmed by Harvard research linking
high-sugar diets to a 26% higher diabetes risk.
Beyond metabolism, sugar wages war on the heart. A study in JAMA Internal Medicine revealed that adults
consuming 25% of calories from sugar faced three times the risk of heart-related death. Sugar irritates blood
vessels, raises “bad” cholesterol (LDL), and speeds up artery hardening. Research from the University of
California shows that drinking just one sugary drink daily increases heart disease risk by 20%.
New research shows how sugar harms the brain. UCLA studies found that diets high in sugar make the
hippocampus smaller, which weakens memory and learning. Sugar addiction works like drug addiction, causing
strong sugar cravings that take over clear thinking. A 2025 Neuroscience study found that sugar consumption
potentially causes memory problems, restlessness and shorter attention spans.
Breaking free requires mindful choices: check labels for hidden sugars, replace sodas with flavored water,
and enjoy fruits’ natural sweetness. Simple changes, such as picking dark chocolate over candy, can help. Every
spoonful of sugar is a decision — choose wisely for your health’s future.
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____________________
【答案】
Hidden sugars in daily food exceed health limits, posing severe health risks. It disrupts metabolism,
increasing diabetes risk through insulin resistance. Sugar also dramatically increases heart disease risk by
damaging blood vessels and raising cholesterol. Furthermore, it harms brain function, weakening cognitive
capacity by shrinking hippocampus and causing addiction. Mindful dietary choices are essential to reduce sugar
intake.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了日常食物中隐藏的糖分超出健康限度，会带来严重的健康风
险。
【详解】1.要点摘录
You’d be shocked to learn these daily choices may contain over 50g of added sugar — far exceeding the WHO’s
①
recommended 25g limit.
Sugar’s most immediate threat lies in its metabolic disruption. This process not only raises blood sugar levels
②
but also lays the groundwork for type 2 diabetes.
Beyond metabolism, sugar wages war on the heart. Sugar irritates blood vessels, raises “bad” cholesterol
③
(LDL), and speeds up artery hardening.
New research shows how sugar harms the brain. Sugar addiction works like drug addiction, causing strong
④
sugar cravings that take over clear thinking.
Breaking free requires mindful choices: check labels for hidden sugars, replace sodas with flavored water, and
⑤
enjoy fruits’ natural sweetness.
2.缜密构思
将第1 个要点作为背景引入，第2、3、4 个要点分别阐述糖对代谢、心脏和大脑的危害，第5 个要点说明
应对措施，重组为一段。
3.遣词造句
Excessive sugar intake disrupts metabolism, raising diabetes risk; harms the heart by irritating vessels and raising
bad cholesterol; and damages the brain, weakening memory.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Hidden sugars in daily food exceeds health limits, posing severe health risks.（运用了
现在分词短语作状语）
【高分句型2】Sugar also dramatically increases heart disease risk by damaging blood vessels and raising
cholesterol.运用了含有非谓语动词的句子，对原文第二、三段进行了概括。其中动名词damaging，作宾语，
表达非常高级。
8．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no
more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Most people experience the natural feeling of jealousy at some point in their lives. Some people feel it more
strongly than others and some even suffer from the feeling to the extent that jealousy starts consuming them. In
some cases the feeling is justified but in others it is not. Frankly speaking, jealousy is a poisonous emotion, both
for the person experiencing it and for their families and friends.
Jealousy is usually considered as a single, independent emotion, but in reality, it is a whole bundle of
feelings that interconnect with each other such as anger, fear, hurt, anxiety, sadness, depression, loneliness, envy,
feeling powerless, feeling excluded and so on.
For the most part, jealousy is a by-product of one’s own problems with self-confidence and self-respect. It
is about a deep fear of the unknown fear of being abandoned and of losing power or control over their families or
friends, and also the fear that the needs will not be met. Jealous people often feel very insecure and anxious about
their worthiness, feeling that they might not be good enough.
Jealousy can also easily become an obsession with people. Someone who is being consumed by jealousy
constantly draws in mind pictures and imagines situations where their families or friends are betraying them. As a
result, they always manage to convince themselves that their families or friends have done something not proper.
These endless suspicions are poisonous and can be extremely harmful to any relationship.
So, how is it possible to prevent these ugly thoughts from appearing and from flooding one’s mind at all?
The best thing to start with is to start sharing your feelings with your families or friends. It is important to tell
them openly that you love them. You may also want to explain that because they are so important to you, you are
feeling jealous and insecure. In addition, never feel in a negative way about yourself and certainly do not talk
negatively about yourself. Self-confidence is respected by others and if you are always able to think positively
when negative feelings start invading you, a habit of doing so will be eventually developed in you.
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【答案】Jealousy is a common but poisonous emotion, which is actually a mix of interconnected feelings like
anger, fear and sadness. It mainly arises from low self-confidence and the fear of being abandoned or losing
control. It can turn into obsession, causing suspicion and damaging relationships. To address it, share feelings with
loved ones and foster positive self-confidence.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了嫉妒这一常见情绪的本质，指出其是多种交织情感的集合，源
于自信心与自尊的缺失及相关恐惧心理，还会发展为执念破坏人际关系；同时给出应对方法，即与亲友
倾诉感受并建立积极的自信心。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
Most people experience the natural feeling of jealousy at some point in their lives.
①
Frankly speaking, jealousy is a poisonous emotion, both for the person experiencing it and for their families and
②
friends.
in reality, it is a whole bundle of feelings that interconnect with each other such as anger, fear, hurt, anxiety,
③
sadness, depression, loneliness, envy, feeling powerless, feeling excluded and so on.
For the most part, jealousy is a by-product of one’s own problems with self-confidence and self-respect.
④
Jealousy can also easily become an obsession with people.
⑤
These endless suspicions are poisonous and can be extremely harmful to any relationship.
⑥
The best thing to start with is to start sharing your feelings with your families or friends.
⑦
never feel in a negative way about yourself and certainly do not talk negatively about yourself.
⑧
2. 缜密构思：
以①②点总起，点明嫉妒的普遍性与危害性；以③点说明嫉妒的本质是多种交织的情感；整合④点，指
出嫉妒源于自信心和自尊的缺失及相关恐惧；以⑤⑥点表明嫉妒会发展为执念，滋生猜疑并破坏人际关
系；最后整合⑦⑧点，给出应对嫉妒的具体方法。
3.遣词造句
Jealousy is a common but harmful emotion, which is actually a mix of interconnected feelings like anger, fear and
sadness.
It mainly results from low self-confidence and the fear of being abandoned or losing control.
It can turn into obsession, leading to suspicion and damaging relationships.
To address it, share feelings with loved ones and cultivate positive self-confidence.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Jealousy is a common but poisonous emotion, which is actually a mix of interconnected
feelings like anger, fear and sadness. （用一个定语从句对一、二段部分内容进行总结，表达高级）
[高分句型2]It can turn into obsession, causing suspicion and damaging relationships.（用现在分词作状语，对
第三内容进行总结，表达高级）
9．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no
more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
It’s Time to Learn From Snakes
Nowadays, snakes are universally disliked. But if we stop disliking them and start listening, we might learn
from these creatures that have been mastering harsh environments for well over 100 million years.
Take, for example, a species of sea snake that inhabits the inland bays of a Pacific island. The coastal
waters are a tropical mixture of pollutants and industrial wastes. In response to these environmental poisons, the
sea snakes have evolved a very neat cleansing trick. The natural substance in their skin captures and locks away
environmental poisons in their bodies before they can cause harm. The snakes get rid of the poisons every time
they cast off their skins.
Burmese python (巨蟒) also reveal astonishing biology. In harsh, unpredictable habitats where food may
be scarce for months, they can go a year without eating, then swallow prey equal to their body weight. To cope,
they regenerate, enlarge, and later shrink vital organs, a process that bypasses molecular stop signals which in
other animals would stop growth and cause insulin (胰岛素) resistance. This allows them to process massive
meals efficiently, making them masters of survival.
Finally, we might reflect on the lesson of another Australian snake, the file snake. During years of limited
rainfall, when rivers run low and prey becomes scarce, the females postpone reproductive maturation up to 10
years and may produce only once a decade. This is closely tied to resource availability and their ability to endure
extended unfavorable conditions. Due to their low metabolic (代谢的) rate, these snakes can remain in a state of
reduced activity, conserving energy and effectively waiting until environmental conditions improve.
Facing increasing environmental extremes nowadays, we humans probably don’t have such luxury to wait
out the bad times. But we can begin to learn from snakes that adaptation to a harsh environment is both possible
and necessary. They must be doing something right.
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【答案】
Though widely disliked, snakes teach us lessons as masters of extreme environments. Living in poisonous
environments, sea snakes can trap poisons and remove them by renewing skins. Burmese pythons can make vital
organs bigger, smaller and even regrow to efficiently digest infrequent but large meals. Female file snakes can
postpone reproduction to survive the lack of food and water. (59 words)
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了尽管蛇普遍不受欢迎，但它们作为极端环境中的生存大师，
给我们提供了学习经验。
【详解】1.要点摘录
Nowadays, snakes are universally disliked. But if we stop disliking them and start listening, we might learn
①
from these creatures that have been mastering harsh environments for well over 100 million years.
The natural substance in their skin captures and locks away environmental poisons in their bodies before they
②
can cause harm. The snakes get rid of the poisons every time they cast off their skins.
To cope, they regenerate, enlarge, and later shrink vital organs, a process that bypasses molecular stop signals
③
which in other animals would stop growth and cause insulin resistance. This allows them to process massive
meals efficiently, making them masters of survival.
During years of limited rainfall, when rivers run low and prey becomes scarce, the females postpone
④
reproductive maturation up to 10 years and may produce only once a decade.
2.缜密构思
将第1 个要点进行总结，将第2、3、4 三个要点进行整合，将总结性语句放在文章最后。
3.遣词造句
Though universally disliked, snakes have mastered harsh environments for over 100 million years; different
species evolve unique survival tricks, offering humans valuable adaptation lessons amid growing environmental
extremes.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Though widely disliked, snakes teach us lessons as masters of extreme environments.运
用了一个复杂的主从复合句，对原文第一段进行了概括。其中Though 引导了让步状语从句，且使用了省
略，表达非常高级。
【高分句型2】Living in poisonous environments, sea snakes can trap poisons and remove them by renewing
skins.运用了现在分词Living 作状语、动名词renewing 作宾语，对原文第二段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
10．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no
more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Thirty-Three
Shortly, I told Gabby that I could have been alive for half my life or all of it. She countered, suggesting a
third. We sipped orange wine, described as “funky,” in a Berkeley restaurant filled with the glow of headlights
through rain-streaked windows. Our conversations often centered on time — its different types, how we measure
it, and its origins. One night, we became fascinated by the idea that time could be a universal fact or just the way
we perceive it, like the ticking clock on the wall.
The following day, our neighbor Gloria banged on the wall, prompting us to buy her flowers and write a
note. I shared with Gabby that my brother had died at twenty-eight, and I was now five years older than he ever
was. I wasn’t seeking sympathy but understanding, language to frame my experience. As we ate bread, Gabby
mentioned a time-related app that claims to predict how many years we have left, based on lifestyle questions we
answered at the table.
Earlier, I had a fleeting sense that I might outlive my brother, despite knowing he hadn’t lived well. He
refused a sentimental pocket watch from our grandfather, saying he couldn’t bear to keep something so
meaningful. Our grandfather later gave the watch to me. I remembered middle school, when the album “Illmatic”
and its chorus resonated with him, looping through his closed door. These memories began to overlay as I sat with
Gabby, recalling moments of family and youth, all blending into the present.
In that moment, I was hugging my grandfather on Berkeley’s University Ave., thanking him for the watch,
and sharing memories of my brother. I realized how much time had passed since I met Gabby — almost a year
ago, we didn’t know each other. I told Gabby the watch still worked but needed winding, forgiving my brother for
his choices and words. Gabby smiled, and we clinked glasses of orange wine, sharing a meal of tuna carpaccio
and boar ragu, feeling the flow of time and memory together.
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【答案】Answer for Reference:
Gabby and I pondered time’s nature over “funky” orange wine. I shared how my brother died at twenty-
eight; It was about finding words to realize I’m now five years older than he ever was. Memories surfaced — my
brother refusing our grandfather’s sentimental pocket watch. Recalling this with Gabby, I forgave his choices.
Clinking glasses, we felt time and memory intertwine.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和Gabby 在伯克利一家餐厅喝着“另类”的橙酒，探讨时
间的本质；作者向她倾诉哥哥28 岁离世，如今自己比哥哥在世时的年纪大了五岁，还回忆起哥哥拒绝祖
父的怀表等往事，最终在与Gabby 的交流中原谅了哥哥，两人举杯共饮，感受着时间与记忆的交织。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
We sipped orange wine, described as “funky,” in a Berkeley restaurant filled with the glow of headlights
①
through rain-streaked windows. Our conversations often centered on time — its different types, how we measure
it, and its origins.
I shared with Gabby that my brother had died at twenty-eight, and I was now five years older than he ever was.
②
I wasn’t seeking sympathy but understanding, language to frame my experience.
③
He refused a sentimental pocket watch from our grandfather, saying he couldn’t bear to keep something so
④
meaningful.
I told Gabby the watch still worked but needed winding, forgiving my brother for his choices and words.
⑤
Gabby smiled, and we clinked glasses of orange wine, sharing a meal of tuna carpaccio and boar ragu, feeling
⑥
the flow of time and memory together.
2. 缜密构思
以第①点总起，点明作者和Gabby 喝橙酒并探讨时间这一核心场景；将第②③点整合为作者向Gabby 倾
诉哥哥离世及自身心境的核心内容；将第④点作为与哥哥相关的关键回忆；将第⑤点作为作者原谅哥哥
的心理转变；将第⑥点作为总结句，呈现两人感受时间与记忆交织的结尾场景，最终整合所有要点形成
与答案一致的表述。
3. 遣词造句
Gabby and I pondered time’s nature over “funky” orange wine. I shared how my brother died at twenty-eight; It
was about finding words to realize I’m now five years older than he ever was. Memories surfaced — my brother
refusing our grandfather’s sentimental pocket watch. Recalling this with Gabby, I forgave his choices. Clinking
glasses, we felt time and memory intertwine.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I shared how my brother died at twenty-eight; It was about finding words to realize I’m
now five years older than he ever was.（运用了how 引导的宾语从句以及省略that 的宾语从句）
[高分句型2] Clinking glasses, we felt time and memory intertwine.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）
11．Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no
more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
What is AI’s Role in Art Creation?
As artificial intelligence advances across creative fields, a question emerges: Do people want AI to become
an artist or simply a tool for artistic creation? Evidence suggests that while the public is increasingly familiar with
AI systems, they would prefer to see AI supporting human creativity rather than replacing it.
A key reason lies in the human dimension of art. When people picture their favorite works, say, Van Gogh’s
The Starry Night, what they value is not merely technical delivery but the emotional depth tied to human
experience. In a recent survey, over 60 percent said they would value their favorite artwork less if told it was AI-
produced. Their responses highlight a shared belief: People seek the imaginative struggles and personal histories
behind creative works, a quality machines cannot genuinely copy.
Concerns about originality and copyright strengthen this resistance. Respondents criticized AI outputs as
unoriginal, seeing them as mere reflections of models trained on vast quantities of human-created materials. The
possibility of unauthorized data use and unclear artistic ownership fuels distrust. These worries reveal why people
hesitate to view AI-generated materials-especially films-as real art: It lacks clear authorship and true creative
intention.
Yet attitudes shift when AI assists rather than replaces human artists. Forty-two percent of participants
regarded users of AI as artists who provided clear creative direction — a sign of openness to human-AI
collaboration. This perspective points to a real obstacle in today’s creative world: Many individuals with ideas
lack the resources or skills to realize them. In such cases, AI can serve as an enabling tool, lowering costs and
expanding access to creative expression.
Ultimately, people value art as a human-centered means of connection. While AI can broaden artistic
possibilities, it’s best used as a tool that supports and enriches human vision.
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【答案】Most people prefer AI as a tool for art rather than an independent artist because they value the human
emotion and personal history behind artworks. Concerns about originality and copyright also lead to resistance
toward AI-generated art. However, if AI assists human artists by lowering creative barriers, it is more widely
accepted. Ultimately, art is seen as a human-centered form of connection.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了人工智能在艺术创作中的角色，指出大众更倾向于AI 作为创作
工具而非独立艺术家，原因是人们看重艺术背后的人类情感与个人经历，且担忧AI 作品的原创性和版权
问题；AI 辅助人类创作、降低创作门槛时易被接受，艺术终究是以人类为核心的情感联结方式。
【详解】1. 要点摘录（列出至少5 个要点，均为原文原句）
Evidence suggests that while the public is increasingly familiar with AI systems, they would prefer to see AI
①
supporting human creativity rather than replacing it.
When people picture their favorite works, say, Van Gogh’s The Starry Night, what they value is not merely
②
technical delivery but the emotional depth tied to human experience.
In a recent survey, over 60 percent said they would value their favorite artwork less if told it was Al-produced.
③
Concerns about originality and copyright strengthen this resistance.
④
Forty-two percent of participants regarded users of AI as artists who provided clear creative direction — a sign
⑤
of openness to human-AI collaboration.
In such cases, AI can serve as an enabling tool, lowering costs and expanding access to creative expression.
⑥
Ultimately, people value art as a human-centered means of connection.
⑦
2. 缜密构思
以第①点总起，点明大众对AI 的核心定位；整合②③点，说明人们重视艺术的人文属性是排斥AI 替代
创作的关键；以第④点作为原创性与版权层面的抗拒原因；整合⑤⑥点，体现大众对AI 辅助创作的接受
度及AI 的作用；以第⑦点总结艺术的核心属性，最终整合所有要点形成与答案一致的表述。
3. 遣词造句
Most people prefer AI as a tool for art rather than an independent artist because they value the human emotion and
personal history behind artworks. Concerns about originality and copyright also lead to resistance toward AI-
generated art. However, if AI assists human artists by lowering creative barriers, it is more widely accepted.
Ultimately, art is seen as a human-centered form of connection.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Most people prefer AI as a tool for art rather than an independent artist because they value
the human emotion and personal history behind artworks.（运用了because 引导原因状语从句）
[高分句型2] However, if AI assists human artists by lowering creative barriers, it is more widely accepted.（运
用了if 引导条件状语从句）
12．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no
more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Flexible Thinking for Your Career
Does work ever leave you feeling stuck with limited opportunities to be creative? To prosper, you might
want to increase your brain’s flexibility. But is this even possible, and if so, how?
Most jobs require the ability to problem-solve and cope with challenges, at least to a certain extent. Imagine
a teacher who has a new and very nervous student in the class. If that teacher is a flexible thinker, he or she will be
able to adapt the classroom management, even if he or she hasn’t seen this situation before. According to Leonard
Mlodinow, author of Elastic, flexible thinkers rely on idea generation and imagination — they are willing to
experiment and take risks. “Elastic thinking, or flexible thinking, is what you need when the circumstances
change, and you are dealing with something new. It’s not about following rules.” Therefore, instead of following
the typical procedure for welcoming a new student, the teacher might come up with a tailored response, based on
prediction and previous experience.
So, how can you become a more flexible thinker? According to Dr Lisa Feldman Barrett, it’s all about
exercising the brain. One way of doing this, she says, is through exposure to a variety of experiences, which make
it easier to adjust to new situations. A lot of companies now consider flexible thinking in the workplace, especially
when it comes to design. Workspaces may have couches where workers can lie down and relax, giving them the
space to come up with and process new ideas. Mlodinow says it’s very important to take time to daydream, listen
to ideas and concepts you disagree with and spend time doing activities outside of your comfort zone. This will
help you understand multiple points of view and therefore blossom in many different aspects of your career.
So, if you want to make a change, you can become a flexible thinker too, with a little practice.
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_____
【答案】
Flexible thinking is essential for career prosperity, as it helps people adapt to new situations and solve problems
with imagination rather than rigid rules. It can be developed by exercising the brain, such as gaining diverse
experiences, daydreaming, accepting opposing ideas and stepping out of comfort zones. Some companies also
optimize workspaces to foster this ability.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了灵活思维对职业发展至关重要，能助力应对新情况、解决问题，
可通过多样体验、放空、接纳异见等大脑锻炼来培养。
【详解】1 要点摘录
To prosper, you might want to increase your brain’s flexibility. Most jobs require the ability to problem-solve
①
and cope with challenges, at least to a certain extent.
Elastic thinking, or flexible thinking, is what you need when the circumstances change, and you are dealing
②
with something new. It’s not about following rules.
According to Dr Lisa Feldman Barrett, it’s all about exercising the brain. One way of doing this, she says, is
③
through exposure to a variety of experiences, which make it easier to adjust to new situations.
Mlodinow says it’s very important to take time to daydream, listen to ideas and concepts you disagree with and
④
spend time doing activities outside of your comfort zone.
2.缜密构思将第1、2 两个要点进行重组，将第3、4 两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
Flexible thinking is crucial to career success because it helps people adapt to new situations and solve problems
with imagination rather than rigid rules.
It can be developed by exercising the brain, such as having different experiences, daydreaming, accepting
opposing viewpoints, and stepping out of your comfort zone.
Some companies will also optimize their workspaces to cultivate this ability.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Flexible thinking is essential for career prosperity, as it helps people adapt to new
situations and solve problems with imagination rather than rigid rules. （运用了as 引导的原因状语从句）
[高分句型2] It can be developed by exercising the brain, such as gaining diverse experiences, daydreaming,
accepting opposing ideas and stepping out of comfort zones.（运用了并列动名词短语作such as 的宾语成分）
13．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no
more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Catania Turns the Tables on Blue Crabs
In a suburb of Catania on Sicily’s east coast, smoke rises from street stalls grilling horse meat, while
youngsters gather around counters selling seltz limone e sale — a soda drink with lemon and sea salt. Amid this
lively scene, a family of ex-fishers, the Salamones, have opened La Fish, a seafood restaurant that dares to
challenge local diet traditions. Alongside Sicily’s classics like swordfish (剑鱼) and tuna, tonight’s tasting menu
features a surprising newcomer to the island’s tables — the Atlantic blue crab.
These blue-clawed, olive-shelled crabs, originally from the western Atlantic Ocean, have become an
ecological threat in the Mediterranean. Without natural enemies, they feed on young clams, destroying shellfish
harvests and destroying Italy’s reputation as one of the world’s top clam producers. Their rapid spread has been
linked to rising sea temperatures, which have made Sicilian waters increasingly welcoming to non-native species.
What began as an environmental concern is gradually turning into a test of human adaptability.
People in Sicily are responding in creative ways. One form of response comes from chef Mario Contadino,
who celebrates the crab’s sweet and delicate flavor. He serves it on sticky sushi rice with onions, bell peppers,
garlic, tomatoes, celery, and edible (可食用的) flowers to appeal to hesitant locals. “Catania people can be closed-
minded, “he admits, “but that first bite does not lie. “Another response comes from scientists. Marine biologist
Francesco Tiralongo of the University of Catania argues that embracing such non-native species in local diets is”a
necessary response to climate change and ecological challenges. “
Social acceptance is following slowly but steadily. In the fish market behind Piazza del Duomo, shopkeeper
Rosario now sells 20 kilograms of blue crab a day, saying customers love its taste. Meanwhile, the Salamone
family turns the outsider into opportunity: by presenting blue crab as a fancy food, they show that”anything can be
edible. “
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【答案】例文
In Sicily, the invasive Atlantic blue crab threatens local shellfish but has inspired creative responses. Chefs like
Mario Contadino promote its culinary value, while scientists advocate its consumption as an adaptation to climate
change. Gradually, locals are accepting it as a food source, transforming an ecological threat into a culinary
opportunity.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍西西里卡塔尼亚人如何把入侵物种大西洋蓝蟹“化害为宝”——
从生态威胁变为餐桌新宠，体现了人类对气候变化与物种入侵的灵活应对。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
Invasive Atlantic blue crab, linked to rising sea temperatures, devours young clams and damages Italy’s
①
shellfish reputation.
Chef Mario Contadino promotes its sweet meat with creative dishes; biologist Francesco Tiralongo argues
②
eating it is a necessary climate-adaptation strategy.
Fish vendor Rosario now sells 20 kg daily; the Salamone family present it as fancy food, winning slow but
③
steady social acceptance.
2. 缜密构思
将①压缩为“入侵原因+危害”；将②整合为“厨师+科学家”双轨对策；将③概括为“市场接受+身份转
变”，形成“问题—对策—结果”三段式。
3. 遣词造句
The warming-mediated Atlantic blue crab invades Sicilian waters, wrecking clam beds.
Catania counters by culinary rebranding: chefs craft enticing recipes and scientists endorse consumption as
climate adaptation.
Gradual public acceptance now converts the pest into a profitable delicacy.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Chefs like Mario Contadino promote its culinary value, while scientists advocate its
consumption as an adaptation to climate change.（运用了while 连接两个句子，强调前后两者的对比）
[高分句型2] Gradually, locals are accepting it as a food source, transforming an ecological threat into a culinary
opportunity.（运用了现在分词transforming 作状语）
14．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage
and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.
Is artificial intelligence giving us false memories?
You may have seen videos spreading online of some celebrities doing strange things — for example,
making funny faces. You may also have seen videos of them joining in lively dances at a celebration. The thing is,
one of these things really happened and the other is created by artificial intelligence (AI). You might remember
both, but can you remember which is which?
In psychology, a ‘source monitoring framework’ describes the processes involved in identifying where our
memories came from. The framework records the source of a memory as one piece of information. It gets
embedded into the memory alongside other aspects of what we experienced. The ‘label’ that states where the
memory came from can easily fade though, even while other aspects of the memory persist. Thus, AI-generated
videos risk mixing up with real events in our minds — a problem that could worsen as AI video improves.
This separation between a memory’s content and its source happens all the time. How often do you
recognise an actor’s face on-screen, but can’t recall what other films or TV shows you’ve seen them in? These
same memory failures help explain how easy it is to form ‘false memories’, as shown by the research of Prof
Elizabeth Loftus. She observed that when certain ideas are suggested to us, we make them up in our own minds,
but later on forget where the ideas initially came from. They can then be easily mistaken for events that actually
happened to us.
Based on Loftus’s findings, it seems likely that AI will be able to plant many false memories in our minds,
especially if we consume the artificial content in a similar setting to where we consume real news. As such, we
need to discuss how to label AI-generated content to make it easier to remember it’s not real.
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【答案】例文
Artificial intelligence is blurring the line between real and fake memories, especially in videos. According
to psychology’s “source monitoring framework,” memory sources fade over time, making AI-generated content
easily confused with real experiences. Professor Loftus’s research shows that people often forget the origin of
ideas, leading to false memories. Therefore, clear labeling of AI content is necessary to help distinguish reality
from fabrication.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了人工智能可能使我们产生虚假记忆的问题。
【详解】1.要点摘录
AI-generated videos may mix with real events in our minds, causing confusion.
①
According to the “source monitoring framework” in psychology, memory sources fade over time, making it
②
hard to distinguish AI-generated content from real experiences.
Professor Loftus’s research shows people often forget idea origins, leading to false memories.
③
Clear labeling of AI content is necessary to help distinguish reality from fabrication.
④
2.缜密构思
将要点①②整合，阐述AI 使真假记忆混淆的原理；要点③作为研究支持；要点④提出应对措施。
3.遣词造句
AI blurs real and fake memories, especially in videos, as memory sources fade over time, according to
psychology.
【点睛】【高分句型1】According to psychology’s “source monitoring framework,” memory sources fade over
time, making AI-generated content easily confused with real experiences.运用了现在分词making 作状语，对原
文第二段进行了概括。
【高分句型2】Professor Loftus’s research shows that people often forget the origin of ideas, leading to false
memories.运用了一个复杂的主从复合句，对原文第三段进行了概括。其中that 引导的宾语从句，和现在
分词leading 作状语，表达非常高级。
15．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no
more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The role of music in advertising
Music is all around us. It’s an accessible and popular art form which accompanies our daily lives, so
advertisers spend much time and money securing the right music for an advertisement in order to boost sales.
Research suggests that the specific qualities of music as an art form enhance the science of selling. As one
researcher puts it, “Music is the catalyst (催化剂) of advertising. It expands pictures and colors words, and often
adds a form of energy available through no other source.”
Take the visually simple but interesting advertisement for an airline in France, with the soundtrack of
Mozart’s Piano Concerto No. 23, for example. It projects greatness and elegance in the hope that viewers will
associate those qualities with the airline. My research, which looked at hundreds of viewer comments about the
music used in advertising, suggested it was successful.
Music is also effective at arousing feelings of nostalgia (怀旧之情). The extent to which music arouses
emotional memories in advertisements creates associations with consumers’ past experiences. A good choice of
music allows businesses to tap into this nostalgia for commercial benefit.
However, the use of popular music in advertising can also develop arguments around the tension between
artistic effort and commercialism. Some people believe a work of art shouldn’t be used for the pursuit of profit.
The findings of my study showed that consumers sometimes passionately oppose the use of music produced by
respected musicians in advertisements, as they believe that doing this destroys its pure artistic value. For example,
the use of the Beatles’ song Revolution by one shoe brand was seen by some as using John Lennon’s song word to
sell shoes. It made some of its wearers so angry that they refused to buy the products.
So advertisers need to be careful. While the right choice of music can attract customers, the wrong choice
can create opposition.
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【答案】One possible version:
Advertisers use music in advertisements to boost sales. For one thing, music can create brand associations,
projecting the quality of the product. For another, music taps into nostalgia, boosting commercial appeal.
However, using cherished songs can cause opposition, as some perceive it as commercial exploitation, harming
artistic integrity. Therefore, advertisers must carefully select music to attract customers.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了广告商利用音乐增强品牌形象并唤起消费者怀旧情感，但过度
商业化可能引发艺术价值受损的争议，因此需权衡音乐选择以吸引顾客。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
It’s an accessible and popular art form which accompanies our daily lives, so advertisers spend much time and
①
money securing the right music for an advertisement in order to boost sales.
It projects greatness and elegance in the hope that viewers will associate those qualities with the airline.
②
Music is also effective at arousing feelings of nostalgia (
③
怀旧之情).
A good choice of music allows businesses to tap into this nostalgia for commercial benefit.
④
However, the use of popular music in advertising can also develop arguments around the tension between
⑤
artistic effort and commercialism.
The findings of my study showed that consumers sometimes passionately oppose the use of music produced by
⑥
respected musicians in advertisements, as they believe that doing this destroys its pure artistic value.
So advertisers need to be careful.
⑦
While the right choice of music can attract customers, the wrong choice can create opposition.
⑧
2. 缜密构思
将第1 个要点进行缩略，点明音乐在广告中的作用；将第2 个要点进行提炼，说明音乐创造品牌联想；将
第3、4 两个要点进行整合，说明音乐唤起怀旧情感；将第5、6 两个要点进行整合，补充商用音乐的风险
及其原因；将第5、6 两个要点进行重组，给出谨慎选择音乐的结论。
3. 遣词造句
Advertisers use music to enhance brand image and evoke nostalgia, boosting appeal.
However, commercializing revered songs may trigger backlash for exploiting art.
Thus, balancing commercial goals with artistic integrity is crucial to avoid alienating consumers.
【点睛】[高分句型1] For another, music taps into nostalgia, boosting commercial appeal. (运用了现在分词
boosting…作状语)
[高分句型2] However, using cherished songs can cause opposition, as some perceive it as commercial
exploitation, harming artistic integrity. (运用了动名词using…作主语、as 引导原因状语从句、现在分词
harming…作状语)
