Lecture
Lecture 6
6
2020【春】高三目标清北班
Part One
Writing
Part Two
Gap-filling
Part Three Task Reading
CONTENTS
CONTENTS
Part Four
Cloze
Part 1 Writing
by小米粒杨梓艺
I. 题型说明
概要写作题型是基于原文行文逻辑基础上的，对原文要点的提取
和再现。考查要点为：
(1) 对原文要点的理解和呈现；
(2) 所写语段的上下文连续性；
(3) 应用语法结构和词汇的准确性。
概要写作
提供一篇350字以内的文章，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60
字左右的内容概要。
基于该短文：不可有自己的观点
60字左右：精简至50-80字
内容概要：概括重要内容
I. 题型说明
概要写作
评分标准 (21-25)
1. 理解准确，涵盖所有要点
2. 准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇
3. 完全使用自己的语言
4. 有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使概要结构紧凑
II. 典例示范
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main
point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use you own words as far as
possible.
(A) When we wake up feeling sleepy and with dark circles under eyes, many of us
often think: “I'm going to go to bed earlier tomorrow!" But however determined we
are, chances are that we don't stick to (坚持) our promise. This behavior is called
"bedtime procrastination (拖延症)”.
(B) According to a study carried out by a group of health psychologists at Utrecht
University in the Netherlands in 2014, bedtime procrastination is a common
problem. In their study, 53 percent of the 2,400 participants said they didn’t follow
their sleep schedule, delaying it at least twice a week.
(C) It's found that they delayed bedtime not because they liked to stay up late, but
they couldn't stop doing other unimportant things, which were keeping them up in
the first place.
(D) "People who generally have trouble resisting temptations (诱惑) and sticking to
their intentions are more likely to delay going to bed." Floor Kroese, a psychologist
at Utrecht University, further explained to HuffPost.
(E) Yet, according to scientists, lack of self-control is not the only thing to blame.
Our body clock also plays an important role when it comes to bedtime. In order to
check the influence of the body clock on sleep, psychologists at Ulm University in
Germany studied the sleep patterns of 108 people in February. It was found that
those who get up late are more likely to postpone (推迟) their bedtime than those
who wake early every morning.
(F) "The intention to go to bed earlier is not enough," Jane Kuhnel, a psychologist at
Ulm University, concluded in Popular Science. "Biological processes need to
support this intention."
(G) People always think that bedtime procrastination isn’t a big problem, but as
Kroese told Popular Science, “the choices we make that affect our sleep could turn
out to be pretty important for our health.”
III. 阅读审题
1. 请快速阅读上文，圈出4-6 你认为重要的关键词。
bedtime procrastination
Netherlands
Floor Kroese
lack of self-control
body clock
Ulm University
sleep pattern
health
Popular Science
勘误
III. 阅读审题
1. 请快速阅读上文，圈出4-6 你认为重要的关键词。
bedtime procrastination
Netherlands
Floor Kroese
lack of self-control
body clock
Ulm University
sleep pattern
health
Popular Science
III. 阅读审题
2. 请再次阅读段 (A) 与段 (B)，完成以下填空，每空不超过3个单词。
Paragraph (A) and (B) mentioned a common problem, _____________
_________________, which means not following ___________________
and delaying going to bed.
III. 阅读审题
2. 请再次阅读段 (A) 与段 (B)，完成以下填空，每空不超过3个单词。
Paragraph (A) and (B) mentioned a common problem, _____________
_________________, which means not following ___________________
and delaying going to bed.
bedtime
procrastination
sleep schedule
(C) It's found that they delayed bedtime not because they liked to stay up
late, but they couldn't stop doing other unimportant things, which were
keeping them up in the first place.
(D) "People who generally have trouble resisting temptations (诱惑) and
sticking to their intentions are more likely to delay going to bed." Floor
Kroese, a psychologist at Utrecht University, further explained to HuffPost.
III. 阅读审题
3. 请再次阅读段 (C) 至段 (G)，完成以下练习。
① 请尝试为剩余段落划分层次。
A B // C D E F G
(E) Yet, according to scientists, lack of self-control is not the only thing to
blame. Our body clock also plays an important role when it comes to
bedtime. In order to check the influence of the body clock on sleep,
psychologists at Ulm University in Germany studied the sleep patterns of
108 people in February. It was found that those who get up late are more
likely to postpone (推迟) their bedtime than those who wake early every
morning.
(F) "The intention to go to bed earlier is not enough," Jane Kuhnel, a
psychologist at Ulm University, concluded in Popular Science. "Biological
processes need to support this intention."
(G) People always think that bedtime procrastination isn’t a big problem,
but as Kroese told Popular Science, “the choices we make that affect our
sleep could turn out to be pretty important for our health.”
z
z
(C) It's found that they delayed bedtime not because they liked to stay up late, but
they couldn't stop doing other unimportant things, which were keeping them up in
the first place.
(D) "People who generally have trouble resisting temptations (诱惑) and sticking to
their intentions are more likely to delay going to bed." Floor Kroese, a psychologist
at Utrecht University, further explained to HuffPost. //
the first reason for delayed bedtime: lack of self-control
III. 阅读审题
3. 请再次阅读段 (C) 至段 (G)，完成以下练习。
① 请尝试为剩余段落划分层次。
A B // C D E F G
(E) Yet, according to scientists, lack of self-control is not the only thing to blame.
Our body clock also plays an important role when it comes to bedtime. In order to
check the influence of the body clock on sleep, psychologists at Ulm University in
Germany studied the sleep patterns of 108 people in February. It was found that
those who get up late are more likely to postpone (推迟) their bedtime than those
who wake early every morning.
(F) "The intention to go to bed earlier is not enough," Jane Kuhnel, a psychologist at
Ulm University, concluded in Popular Science. "Biological processes need to
support this intention." //
the second reason for delayed bedtime: the influence of the body
clock
III. 阅读审题
(G) People always think that bedtime procrastination isn’t a big problem, but as
Kroese told Popular Science, “the choices we make that affect our sleep could turn
out to be pretty important for our health.” //
the importance of earlier sleep
III. 阅读审题
A B // C D // E F // G
② 请完成下列结构图。
bedtime procrastination
delaying going to bed
1.
_______________
2. ___________: have trouble
resisting temptations and sticking
to their intentions
the influence of 3. ________: those
who get up late are more likely to
sleep late
solutions
intention and
biological processes
importance
important for our 4.
___________
bedtime procrastination
delaying going to bed
1.
_______________
2. ___________________: have
trouble resisting temptations and
sticking to their intentions
the influence of 3. __________________:
those who get up late are more likely to
sleep late
solutions
intention and
biological processes
importance
important for our 4.
___________
reasons
lack of self-control
the body clock
health
③ 请用上一题得到的结构图，比对
第一题中你圈出的关键词，看看自
己忽略了哪些要点。
IV. 复述要点
MAIN IDEA:
① (现象+定义) Studies carried out by psychologists find a common
problem called “bedtime procrastination”, which means not following the
sleep schedule and delaying sleeping.
② (原因) The reasons for this behavior are lack of self-control and the
influence of body clock on sleep.
③ (对策+重要性) Psychologists think the intention to sleep earlier and
biological processes are important, or your health will be affected.
IV. 同义改写
被动改主动，定语从句改非谓语，同义词替换
① Studies carried out by psychologists find a common problem
called “bedtime procrastination”, which means not following the
sleep schedule and delaying sleeping.
→ According to studies, experts find a behavior called “bedtime
procrastination”, meaning not _________ the sleep schedule and
_________ sleeping.
A. sticking to; putting off
B. sticking to; taking off
C. turning up; looking down
D. turning up; starting off
IV. 同义改写
两句并一句，逻辑突出，适当增减
② The reasons for this behavior are lack of self-control and the
influence of body clock.
→ Two studies carried out by experts find that lack of self-control
and the influence of body clock on sleep _________ “bedtime
procrastination”, the behavior of delaying going to bed.
A. result from
B. are caused by
C. are responsible for
D. are harmful to
IV. 同义改写
两句并一句，逻辑突出，适当增减
③ Psychologists think the intention to sleep earlier and biological
processes are important, or your health will be affected.
→
Considering its ______________________ on health, psychologists
_____________________ us to sleep earlier and keep a healthy
sleep pattern.
effect / impact / influence
advise / urge
改写练习-同义替换
学 而 思 网 校
Vacations are good for us.
Many of us came back from vacations.
The
company’s
promise
to
satisfy
customer’s need is important to its
success in sales promotion.
改写练习-同义替换
学 而 思 网 校
Vacations are good for us.
Vacations benefit us.
Many
of
us
came
back
from
vacations.
Many of us returned home from
vacations.
The company’s promise to satisfy
customer’s need is important to its
success in sales promotion.
The
company’s
commitment
to
customer satisfaction is vital to its
sales promotion.
改写练习-句式转换
学 而 思 网 校
Many of us returned home with a
feeling that our last vacation was not
great.
There is no doubt that the celebrity
spokes people could promote the
sales of a product.
改写练习-句式转换
学 而 思 网 校
Many of us returned home with a feeling
that our last vacation was not great.
Many of us returned home, not feeling
very great.
There
is
no
doubt
that
celebrity
spokespersons can promote the sales of a
product.
Undoubtedly, celebrity spokespersons
can boost the sales of a product.
巩固练习
学 而 思 网 校
Sport tourism
Tourism is the world's largest industry and is predicted to grow well into the years to come. Increasingly, the economic
importance of tourism has been recognized by governments around the world. At the same time, the tourism industry has
become more complicated in its development and marketing new forms of tourism. One of the fastest growing parts of the
tourism industry is travel related to sport and physical activity. A recent survey found that while the traditional beach and sight-
seeing vacations continue to predominate, 22% of those surveyed reported that opportunities to participate in sports were
important when selecting a vacation.
The term sport tourism has been adopted in recent years to describe sport-related leisure travel. It is generally recognized
that there are three broad categories of sport tourism. The first category is watching sporting events or Sports Event Tourism,
including hallmark events such as FIFA World Cup Football Championships, and the Olympic games. Tournaments sponsored
by the Professional Golf Association or the World Tennis Association are also part of the spectator-centered sector of sport
tourism.
The second type of sport tourism, celebrity and nostalgia sport tourism involves visiting famous sports-related attractions.
Visits to the sports halls of fame fall into this category. Another form of celebrity and nostalgia sport tourism that has emerged in
recent years is meeting famous sports personalities. The cruise industry has been experienced in this area. Sports theme cruise
such as "the NBA basketball cruise" arranges for passengers to meet personalities from sports while they are on board.
Active participation is the third category of sport tourism. This is composed of individuals who travel to participate in golf,
skiing, and tennis in particular, although other sports such as fishing, and scuba diving are popular in the US.
巩固练习
学 而 思 网 校
Sport tourism
Tourism is the world‘s largest industry and is predicted to grow well into the years to come. Increasingly, the economic importance of tourism
has been recognized by governments around the world. At the same time, the tourism industry has become more complicated in its development
and marketing new forms of tourism. (总) One of the fastest growing parts of the tourism industry is travel
related to sport and physical activity. A recent survey found that while the traditional beach and sight-seeing vacations
continue to predominate, 22% of those surveyed reported that opportunities to participate in sports were important when selecting a vacation.
The term sport tourism has been adopted in recent years to describe sport-related leisure travel.（总） It is generally
recognized that there are three broad categories of sport tourism. （分1）The first category is
watching sporting events or Sports Event Tourism, including hallmark events such as FIFA World Cup Football
Championships, and the Olympic games. Tournaments sponsored by the Professional Golf Association or the World Tennis Association are also
part of the spectator-centered sector of sport tourism.
（分2）The second type of sport tourism, celebrity and nostalgia sport tourism involves
visiting famous sports-related attractions. Visits to the sports halls of fame fall into this category. Another form of celebrity
and nostalgia sport tourism that has emerged in recent years is meeting famous sports personalities. The cruise industry has been experienced
in this area. Sports theme cruise such as "the NBA basketball cruise" arranges for passengers to meet personalities from sports while they are on
board.
（分3） Active participation is the third category of sport tourism. This is composed of individuals who travel
to participate in golf, skiing, and tennis in particular, although other sports such as fishing, and scuba diving are popular in the US.
巩固练习
学 而 思 网 校
范文：
Sport tourism is growing fast recently, which means a new way of travel
related to sport and physical activity. There are 3 types of sport tourism.
The first type of sport tourism is watching some famous or typical sporting
events. The second one includes paying a visit to famous sites of sports
and meeting celebrities of sports. Besides, participating actively is the third
kind of sport tourism.
类型介绍
议论文是高考书面表达常考体裁，议论文通常分为论点，论据和论
证三部分，通过摆事实，讲道理的方式来表达观点。
近几年高考书面表达中，其主要命题形式是以提纲式和表格式来呈
现写作材料的，写作时常以三段式的形式展开议论。
在高考中常与概括材料结合考察，即先总结材料的主要内容，
再对相关话题表述观点。
任务型写作
江苏任务型写作：提供一篇350词以内的短文，求考生基于该短文写出一
篇30词左右的内容概要。
分两个部分：
1. 概括材料。
2. 表达观点。
概括材料时要注意：
（1）对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；
（2）应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；
（3）上下文的连贯性；
（4）对各要点表达的独立性情况。
总之，要把握主题句和文章结构；提炼关键词；省略细节；减少例子；精
简表达。
议论文写作
表达观点的议论文写作：
观点明确，有理有据，用好论证方法（举例论证；对比论证等）。
开头：可以巧引谚语，引述各方观点，表达自我观点。
正文：阐明理由，论据详实有条理。
结尾：总结观点，呼应主题。
开头表达
巧引谚语：
As the proverb says, …
It goes without saying that...
There is an old saying that…
引出话题：
Recently, the problem of … has aroused people's concern.
Nowadays, … has become a problem we have to face.
引述各方观点：
People's opinions about … vary from person to person.
When it comes to … , some people think (hold the opinion) that … However,
others ....
表达自我观点： As far as I'm concerned, ...；From my point of view, ...
正文表达
阐明理由：
There are several reasons for…, but in general, they come down to three major ones.
This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons.
Generally, the reasons can be listed as follows.
论据详实有条理：
First, … Second, … Third, …
For one thing …,for another…
On the one hand,... on the other hand...
结尾表达
总结观点：
From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that…
The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that…
Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that…
范文讲解
请阅读下面文字, 并按照要求用英语写一篇150 词左右的文章。
Li Jiang: Have you heard this? A group of exchange students from the UK are visiting our
school next month.
Su Hua: Yes, I have. Some are already recommending the traditional Chinese dress for the
welcome ceremony.
Li Jiang: But it seems people have different opinions.
Su Hua: What do you think?
Li Jiang: I think it's a good idea. It's an opportunity to make the Chinese culture better known
to international students.
Su Hua: I agree. But we don't have to dress that way. That's not our daily style. Besides, it's
not very convenient.
Li Jiang: You see, it's the Chinese culture that the British friends are coming for. Just the right
occasion.
Su Hua: I prefer the school uniform. It's nice. It's also a better display of our school culture.
范文讲解
【写作内容】
1. 用约30 个词概括上述信息的主要内容；
2. 在上述场合，你是否倾向于穿中国传统服装？请说明理由（不少于两点）。
【写作要求】
1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 不必写标题。
【评分标准】
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
范文讲解
请阅读下面文字, 并按照要求用英语写一篇150 词左右的文章。
Li Jiang: Have you heard this? A group of exchange students from the UK are visiting our
school next month.
Su Hua: Yes, I have. Some are already recommending the traditional Chinese dress for the
welcome ceremony.
Li Jiang: But it seems people have different opinions.
Su Hua: What do you think?
Li Jiang: I think it's a good idea. It's an opportunity to make the Chinese culture better known
to international students.
Su Hua: I agree. But we don't have to dress that way. That's not our daily style. Besides, it's
not very convenient.
Li Jiang: You see, it's the Chinese culture that the British friends are coming for. Just the right
occasion.
Su Hua: I prefer the school uniform. It's nice. It's also a better display of our school culture.
归纳Li Jiang的观点和Su Hua的观点
思路点拨
1. 先归纳两人观点
2. 再表达你的观点
3. 并说明原因
需要适当补充细节
可以进行对比论证
范文讲解
范文一
Li Jiang and Su Hua are discussing what to wear when receiving the British students
next month. Li recommends the traditional Chinese dress while Su prefers the school
uniform.
I would be happy to wear traditional Chinese clothes at the welcome ceremony.
Firstly, this is precisely what the British visitors are expecting. They come to learn about
Chinese culture with their own eyes. Their Chinese peers in the typical Chinese dress
would be highly impressive. The school uniforms are fine, but not special enough to give a
unique Chinese flavour. Secondly, the inconvenience is not a problem if our purpose is to
share Chinese culture. It is just the so-called inconvenience that displays the richness,
delicacy and great fascination of Chinese culture with a history of thousands of years.
The traditional Chinese clothes, it seems to me, will make the occasion very Chinese
and inviting to the British guests.
范文讲解
范文二
Li Jiang and Su Hua don't agree on what to wear when greeting the British students.
Li suggests traditional Chinese clothes while Su thinks the school uniforms are more
suitable.
I prefer the school uniform to the traditional Chinese dress at the welcome
ceremony next month. Although the traditional Chinese dress may look more beautiful
and stylish, it is a little bit strange to walk around in it. We feel at ease in our school
uniforms every day. What's more, the traditional Chinese dress can't reflect the unique
culture of our school. From the design and colour of our uniforms, the British friends will
learn more about our school. Besides, the choice of the traditional Chinese dress means
extra money, and extra time, for we have to change it back after the event.
So the school uniforms are a better choice than the traditional Chinese dress for
such an occasion.
巩固练习
请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150 词左右的文章。
Recently, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage (SACH) issued a guidance to
open cultural heritage buildings to the public, encouraging local governments, cultural
heritage departments and organizations using or managing such buildings to better
bring these buildings' cultural and social value into play, on the precondition of full
protection. The SACH is clear that, no matter what their current conditions are, heritage
buildings should be opened as much as possible.
In the past, due to insufficient preserving technologies and lack of funds, repairing
work was seen as a major hassle, and thus opening the buildings to the public was
difficult. Even famous heritage places like the Palace Museum in Beijing were plagued by
such difficulties.
Today, China has dramatically increased its input into cultural heritage protection,
and archaeological protection technologies are improving. The time is ripe for heritage
buildings to be opened up.
巩固练习
【写作内容】
1. 用约30 个单词写出上文概要；
2. 用约120 个单词就“对公众开放文物建筑”这一话题，阐述你的看法，并用2-3
个理由或论据支撑你的看法。
【写作要求】
1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 不必写标题。
【评分标准】内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
练习点拨
请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150 词左右的文章。
1. Recently, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage (SACH) issued a guidance to
open cultural heritage buildings to the public, encouraging local governments, cultural
heritage departments and organizations using or managing such buildings to better
bring these buildings' cultural and social value into play, on the precondition of full
protection. The SACH is clear that, no matter what their current conditions are, heritage
buildings should be opened as much as possible.
1. 国家文物局要求开放文化遗产建筑。
练习点拨
2. In the past, due to insufficient preserving technologies and lack of funds, repairing
work was seen as a major hassle, and thus opening the buildings to the public was
difficult. Even famous heritage places like the Palace Museum in Beijing were plagued by
such difficulties.
3. Today, China has dramatically increased its input into cultural heritage protection,
and archaeological protection technologies are improving. The time is ripe for heritage
buildings to be opened up.
2. 在过去，由于保护科技不足和缺乏资金，维修工作是主要困难。
3. 由于文物保护的投入增多，现在开放的时机已经成熟。
练习点拨
抓住段落主旨句，总结文章大意
然而，很多同学写成了这样：
The State Administration of Cultural Heritage (SACH) issued a guidance to open cultural
heritage buildings to the public due to increased input and improved protection
technologies.
参考：With more input into cultural heritage protection, cultural heritage buildings to
the public are encouraged to be opened to the public to better bring these buildings'
cultural and social value into play.
重复度太高
可以做好同义词转换
or主动变被动
练习范文
你对向公众开放文化遗产建筑怎么看？
抓住文化遗产的
文化和社会价值来谈
构思ing
向公众开放文化遗产建筑的意义：
1. 它们具有考古意义。
2. 继承和传播传统文化，促进文化传播。
文化遗产的文化和社会价值：
1. 满足人们的精神生活需求。
2. 造福子孙后代。
写作词汇过关
1. 具有考古和历史价值
be of archaeological and historical significance/value
2. 继承传统文化
inherit traditional culture
3. 促进文化传播
help traditional culture (to) spread
promote cultural transmission
4. 满足公众的精神需求
satisfy people's needs for spiritual life
5. 惠及后代
benefit the future generations
benefit the generations to come
参考范文
With more input into cultural heritage protection, cultural heritage buildings to the
public are encouraged to be opened to the public to better bring these buildings'
cultural and social value into play.
I am in favour of this practice. The value of such buildings mainly lies in two aspects.
First, they are of archaeological significance; second, they inherit and spread traditional
culture and thus promote cultural transmission. If a heritage building is closed, only the
first aspect is made use of.
Only opening heritage buildings can fully display their social value, and to make
them so is the best way for us to show our respect for such buildings. Besides, opening
cultural heritage buildings to the public can best satisfy their demands for spiritual life,
thus benefiting the generations to come.
In short, opening cultural heritage buildings to the public is a win-win situation.
Only in this way can we inherit our cultural heritages better.
Part 2 Gap-filling
by小米粒蒋欣彤
方法复习
七选五解题技巧
看文章结构
找关键词
找逻辑关系
方法复习
特殊型
普通型
文章结构
方法复习
关键词
数字
代词
词汇
复现
方法复习
逻辑
词汇
逻辑
推断
逻辑
关系
A
Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are
not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. ___1___
One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. ___2___ We know that,
while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between
brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.
Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between
neurons (神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh
memories to form the next day. ___3___
Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. ___4___ The synapses in
the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 percent smaller than those taken
before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.
If Tononi's theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night's, we find it
harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have
smaller room for new experiences.
Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even
though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to
be protected and stayed the same size. ___5___ "You keep what matters," Tononi says.
精讲精练
精讲精练
A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.
B. It's as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.
C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.
D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.
E. That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.
F. "Sleep is the price we pay for learning," says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.
G. Tononi's team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains
of 12 mice.
精讲精练
A
Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats
are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month. 1 ______
C
A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.
B. It's as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.
C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.
D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.
E. That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.
F. "Sleep is the price we pay for learning," says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.
G. Tononi's team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains
of 12 mice.
精讲精练
A
One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 2 ______ We know
that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections
between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have
been unclear.
E
A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.
B. It's as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.
C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.
D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.
E. That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.
F. "Sleep is the price we pay for learning," says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.
G. Tononi's team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains
of 12 mice.
精讲精练
A
Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between
neurons (神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh
memories to form the next day. 3 ______
Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right.
A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.
B. It's as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.
C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.
D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.
E. That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.
F. "Sleep is the price we pay for learning," says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.
G. Tononi's team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains
of 12 mice.
F
精讲精练
A
Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 4 ______ The
synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 percent smaller
than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons
weaken while sleeping.
A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.
B. It's as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.
C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.
D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.
E. That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.
F. "Sleep is the price we pay for learning," says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.
G. Tononi's team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains
of 12 mice.
G
精讲精练
A
Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even
though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem
to be protected and stayed the same size. 5 ______ "You keep what matters," Tononi
says.
A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.
B. It's as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.
C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.
D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.
E. That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.
F. "Sleep is the price we pay for learning," says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.
G. Tononi's team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains
of 12 mice.
B
精讲精练
B
Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of
course, you want to make sure that you become an acceptable and valuable part of
your new neighborhood. The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you
conduct yourself as a good neighbor should. ___1___
Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to
keep your property (房产) neat, clean, and in good repair. ___2___ By choosing to
keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and
feel of the area.
Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously. When going
for a walk, take along a small garbage bag. ___3___ This small act will let your
neighbors know that you care about the area.
___4___ If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and
newspapers. If a neighbor suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping. Let
them know you are there to help in any way that is acceptable, while still respecting
the privacy of your neighbor.
___5___ By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what
belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general,
you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciates.
精讲精练
A. In general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone.
B. A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.
C. Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior.
D. Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping.
E. Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.
F. People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.
G. Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly.
精讲精练
B
Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of
course, you want to make sure that you become an acceptable and valuable part of
your new neighborhood. The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you
conduct yourself as a good neighbor should. 1 ______
A. In general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone.
B. A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.
C. Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior.
D. Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping.
E. Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.
F. People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.
G. Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly.
首段尾句
概括上文，引出下文
G
精讲精练
B
Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to
keep your property (房产) neat, clean, and in good repair. 2 ______ By choosing to
keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and
feel of the area.
A. In general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone.
B. A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.
C. Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior.
D. Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping.
E. Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.
F. People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.
G. Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly.
F
精讲精练
B
Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously. When going
for a walk, take along a small garbage bag. 3 ______ This small act will let your
neighbors know that you care about the area.
A. In general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone.
B. A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.
C. Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior.
D. Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping.
E. Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.
F. People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.
G. Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly.
E
精讲精练
B
4 ______ If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and
newspapers. If a neighbor suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping. Let
them know you are there to help in any way that is acceptable, while still respecting
the privacy of your neighbor.
A. In general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone.
B. A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.
C. Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior.
D. Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping.
E. Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.
F. People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.
G. Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly.
B
精讲精练
B
5 ______ By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what
belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general,
you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciates.
A. In general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone.
B. A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways.
C. Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior.
D. Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping.
E. Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.
F. People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.
G. Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly.
尾段首句
文章主题，总结全文
C
精讲精练
C
Bad News for the Highly Intelligent
There are advantages to being smart. People who do well on IQ tests tend to be
more successful in the classroom and the workplace. They also tend to live longer,
healthier lives, and are less likely to experience negative life events.
___1___ In a study, Ruth Karpinski and her colleagues carried out a study on the
members of Mensa, a high IQ society. The study covered mood (情绪) disorders and
anxiety disorders. Respondents were asked to report whether they had ever suffered
from each disorder. The researchers compared the percentage of those who reported
disorder to the national average and found that Mensa's highly intelligent members
were more likely to suffer from a range of serious disorders.
To explain their findings, Karpinski and his team bring up the hyper brain and
hyper body theory. This theory holds that, for all of its advantages, being highly
intelligent is associated with psychological and physiological “overexcitabilities”, or OE.
___2___ This can include anything from an astonishing sound to conflict with
another person. According to the theory, OEs are more common in highly intelligent
people. A highly intelligent person may overanalyze a disapproving comment made by
a boss, imagining negative outcomes that simply wouldn't occur to someone less
intelligent. ___3___
精讲精练
The results of this study must be interpreted cautiously. Showing that a disorder
is more common in a sample of people with high IQs than in the general population
doesn't prove that high intelligence is the cause of the disorder. ___4___ All the
same, the findings set the stage for research that promises to cast new light on the
link between intelligence and health. One possibility is that associations between
intelligence and health outcomes reflect pleiotropy (基因多效性), which occurs
when a gene (基因) influences seemingly unrelated characteristics. ___5___ In a
2015 study, Rosalind Arden and her colleagues concluded that the association
between IQ and living longer is mostly explained by genetic factors. From a practical
standpoint, this research may lead to insights about how to improve people's
psychological and physical well-being.
精讲精练
A. Now there's some bad news for those smart people.
B. There is already some evidence to suggest that this is the case.
C. It is an unusually strong reaction to an environmental threat or abuse.
D. Scientists did many researches to understand the reasons behind the advantages.
E. That may cause the body's stress response, which may make the person even
more anxious.
F. It's also possible that people who join Mensa differ from other people in ways
other than just IQ.
G. They found that the differences between the respondents were seen for mood
and anxiety disorders.
精讲精练
C
Bad News for the Highly Intelligent
1 ______ …The researchers compared the percentage of those who reported
disorder to the national average and found that Mensa's highly intelligent members
were more likely to suffer from a range of serious disorders.
A. Now there's some bad news for those smart people.
B. There is already some evidence to suggest that this is the case.
C. It is an unusually strong reaction to an environmental threat or abuse.
D. Scientists did many researches to understand the reasons behind the advantages.
E. That may cause the body's stress response, which may make the person even more
anxious.
F. It's also possible that people who join Mensa differ from other people in ways
other than just IQ.
G. They found that the differences between the respondents were seen for mood and
anxiety disorders.
A
精讲精练
C
To explain their findings, Karpinski and his team bring up the hyper brain and
hyper body theory. This theory holds that, for all of its advantages, being highly
intelligent is associated with psychological and physiological “overexcitabilities”, or OE.
2 ______ This can include anything from an astonishing sound to conflict with
another person.
A. Now there's some bad news for those smart people.
B. There is already some evidence to suggest that this is the case.
C. It is an unusually strong reaction to an environmental threat or abuse.
D. Scientists did many researches to understand the reasons behind the advantages.
E. That may cause the body's stress response, which may make the person even more
anxious.
F. It's also possible that people who join Mensa differ from other people in ways
other than just IQ.
G. They found that the differences between the respondents were seen for mood and
anxiety disorders.
C
精讲精练
A. Now there's some bad news for those smart people.
B. There is already some evidence to suggest that this is the case.
C. It is an unusually strong reaction to an environmental threat or abuse.
D. Scientists did many researches to understand the reasons behind the advantages.
E. That may cause the body's stress response, which may make the person even more
anxious.
F. It's also possible that people who join Mensa differ from other people in ways
other than just IQ.
G. They found that the differences between the respondents were seen for mood and
anxiety disorders.
E
C
According to the theory, OEs are more common in highly intelligent people. A
highly intelligent person may overanalyze a disapproving comment made by a boss,
imagining negative outcomes that simply wouldn't occur to someone less intelligent.
3 ______
精讲精练
C
The results of this study must be interpreted cautiously. Showing that a disorder
is more common in a sample of people with high IQs than in the general population
doesn't prove that high intelligence is the cause of the disorder. 4 ______
A. Now there's some bad news for those smart people.
B. There is already some evidence to suggest that this is the case.
C. It is an unusually strong reaction to an environmental threat or abuse.
D. Scientists did many researches to understand the reasons behind the advantages.
E. That may cause the body's stress response, which may make the person even more
anxious.
F. It's also possible that people who join Mensa differ from other people in ways
other than just IQ.
G. They found that the differences between the respondents were seen for mood and
anxiety disorders.
F
精讲精练
C
One possibility is that associations between intelligence and health outcomes
reflect pleiotropy (基因多效性), which occurs when a gene (基因) influences
seemingly unrelated characteristics. 5 ______ In a 2015 study, Rosalind Arden and her
colleagues concluded that the association between IQ and living longer is mostly
explained by genetic factors. From a practical standpoint, this research may lead to
insights about how to improve people's psychological and physical well-being.
A. Now there's some bad news for those smart people.
B. There is already some evidence to suggest that this is the case.
C. It is an unusually strong reaction to an environmental threat or abuse.
D. Scientists did many researches to understand the reasons behind the advantages.
E. That may cause the body's stress response, which may make the person even more
anxious.
F. It's also possible that people who join Mensa differ from other people in ways
other than just IQ.
G. They found that the differences between the respondents were seen for mood and
anxiety disorders.
B
Part 3 Cloze
by小米粒蒋欣彤
When I was 8 years old, I once decided to run away from home． With my suitcase 36
and some sandwiches in a bag, I started for the front door and said to Mom, “I’m leaving.”
“If you want to 37 , that’s all right,” she said． “But you came into this home without
anything and you can leave the same way．” I 38 my suitcase and sandwiches on the
floor heavily and started for the door again．
“Wait a minute,” Mom said． “I want your 39 back． You didn’t wear anything when you
arrived．” This really angered me． I tore my clothes off—shoes, socks, underwear and
all—and 40 , “Can I go now?” “Yes,” Mom answered, “but once you close that door, don’t
expect to come back．” I was so 41 that I slammed (砰地关上) the door and stepped
out on the front porch．
36． A． packed
B． returned
C． cleaned
D． repaired
37． A． drop out B． go by
C． move around
D． run away
38． A． pressed
B． shook
C． threw
D． pulled
39． A． bag
B． clothes
C． sandwiches
D． suitcase
40． A． explained B． suggested
C． continued
D． shouted
41． A． angry
B． sorry
C． frightened D． ashamed
42 I realized that I was outside, with nothing on． Then I noticed that down the street,
two neighbor girls were walking toward our house． I ran to 43 behind a big tree in our
yard at once． After a while, I was 44 the girls had passed by． I dashed to the front
door and banged on it loudly．
“Who’s there?” I heard． “It’s Billy! Let me in!”
The voice behind the 45 answered, “Billy doesn’t live here anymore．He ran away from
home．” Glancing behind me to see if anyone else was coming, I begged, “Aw, c’mon,
Mom! I’m 46 your son． Let me in!”
The door inched open and Mom’s smiling face appeared． “Did you change your 47
about running away?” she asked．
“What’s for supper?” I answered．
42． A． Certainly B． Naturally
C． Suddenly
D． Possibly
43． A． play
B． bide
C． rest
D． wave
44． A． sure
B． proud
C． eager
D． curious
45． A． house
B． tree
C． door
D． yard
46． A． also
B． still
C． even
D． already
47． A． conclusion
B． promise
C． concern
D． decision
Part 4 Task Reading
by小米粒飘渺
方法复习
取词
• 从题干当
中抽取出
关键词
定位
• 到原文中
找到对应
的部分
改写
• 按题目要
求对原文
做加工
“阅读表达”该怎么做？
1. 标志: Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words.
2. 做题技巧: “up and down”法
① 往上文找提示信息
② 填上以后要能跟下文逻辑通顺，句意相符
类型一、句子填空题
3. Please fill in the blank in the first paragraph with
proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.
(Please answer within 10 words.)
_____________________________________________
【1】 Today, due to numerous medical and scientific
advances, people are living longer than ever before. But
_________ your body, mind, and soul. The following tips
are a good start for getting you on your way to living a
long and healthy life.
答案：you have to be good to
1. 标志: What’s the best title of the passage?
What’s the main idea of this passage?
Use three words to summarize the passage.
2. 做题技巧: 一找，二 并，三化简
类型二、主旨大意题
1. What would be the best title for the passage?
(Please answer within 10 words.)
_________________________________________
【1】 Today, due to numerous medical and scientific
advances, people are living longer than ever before. But
_________ your body, mind, and soul. The following tips
are a good start for getting you on your way to living a
long and healthy life.
【2】Eat a balanced diet—one that is rich in fruits, vegetables,
whole grains, and fiber and low in saturated fat, trans fat, and
cholesterol. A well-alanced diet can provide your body with the
essential nutrients needed to achieve and maintain optimum
(最佳的) health. Be physically active—try to incorporate 30
minutes of activity into your day, every day. The options are
endless; start walking on' the beach in the mornings, try
jogging with a friend, or go for a bike ride in the afternoons.
Make sure you choose activities that you enjoy, that way
you'll be more likely to make them a habit.
【3】Get regular preventive check-ups—see your doctor
regularly; remember your doctor is your partner in health
care. By having regular check-ups, you may be able to catch
small problems before they become big ones.
【4】Be safe — use common sense and be streetsmart (适应
都市生活的). Don't put yourself in situations that are
questionable. Always wear your seatbelt and bike helmet.
Don't go for a run, walk, or jog at night by yourself. Keep
your home well lit and free of things that could make you
fall.
【5】Stay in touch with family and friends— get to know
your neighbors. Take the time to be involved with your
community. By creating a strong social network, you will
not only have friends to celebrate with when good things
happen, but also a support system in difficult times.
【6】Keep a positive attitude— studies have shown that
people who have a positive attitude tend to live longer,
and lead healthier and happier lives. Try to find the humorin life.
And remember to laugh.
1. What would be the best title for the passage?
(Please answer within 10 words.)
_________________________________________
主旨句：
The following tips are a good start for getting yo
u on your way to living a long and healthy life.
答案：Tips for Healthy Aging.
1. 标志: Find a sentence/phrase which can be
replaced by the following one.
2. 做题技巧:
①找同义词或近义词
②找并列/转折成分
③找定语从句、同位语从句或补充说明成分
类型三、同义替换题
2. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by
the following one?
There should be enough light in your house and there
isn't anything that could make you fall.
_________________________________________
【4】Be safe — use common sense and be streetsmart (适应
都市生活的). Don't put yourself in situations that are
questionable. Always wear your seatbelt and bike helmet.
Don't go for a run, walk, or jog at night by yourself. Keep
your home well lit and free of things that could make you
fall.
1. 标志: Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
2. 做题技巧:
① 识别出固定搭配
② 列清句子主干
③ 调整正确语序
类型四、翻译题
5. Translate the underlined sentence in the fifth paragraph
into Chinese.
By creating a strong social network, you will not only
have friends to celebrate with when good things happen,
but also a support system in difficult times.
答案：建立牢固的社会人际网，不仅在有好事时有人和你一
起庆祝，而且在困难时有人支持你。
1.
标志：What’s your opinion…?
What would you do if…?
Can you give some suggestions…?
2. 做题技巧：理解文章，精炼语言，形成答案
类型五、开放式问题
4. What should you pay attention to when doing activities?
What should you do to keep a positive attitude?
(Please answer within 30 words.)
_____________________________________________
答案: Don't be alone; do the activities you enjoy and make
them a habit.
You should try to find the humor in life. And remember
to laugh.
1.
句子填空题
2.
主旨大意题
3.
同义替换题
4.
翻译题
5.
开放式问题
阅读表达的五类问题
1. 根据题目，扫描全文
2. up and down：
定位答案要迅速，做好标记
答题时不仅看上文，也要看下文
3.精炼语言，形成答案
阅读表达解题步骤
精讲精练
A
Some people live to climb the highest mountains. Some people live only dreaming
about it while others live to avoid ever climbing at all. But one thing is certain, all people
encounter mountains in their life.
When I was a little girl, my family moved to a tiny town at the bottom of a big
mountain. One day after school, while exploring the green woods of this magnificent
mountain, I almost fell on a set of stairs. What could these steps lead to? Curiosity got
the best of me as I knew it would be starting to get dark soon. I started climbing up
those strangely mysterious steps.
I climbed and climbed. There was nothing but just green bushes and these steps. I
had to reach the top! But it was now getting real dark. If I kept going I might not be able
to see my way back. My mom would be worried sick if I didn't come home soon. So I ran
back home almost in the dark while trying not to get too scared.
Anxiously I went to bed dreaming about what I would find at the top of this magical
mountain. Could there be a castle up there? Maybe I would find a monster (怪物).
Maybe I was taking the risk of never coming back home. Or, maybe all I would find was
absolutely nothing! But something inside me was going to climb that mountain at all
cost. I could hardly wait to try this adventure again.
Now we live in a world surrounded by the "can't do" attitudes. We all fall down. We
all have doubts and regrets. Still we must climb and dream about what's at the top of
our mountain. Monsters may appear or the night will fall. But never ever give up on your
dream! Never let anyone tell you, "You can't." Dream big and climb high!
精讲精练
1. What made the author start to climb up the stairs to the mountain top? (no more
than 5 words).
2. Why did the author hurry back home without reaching the top of the mountain?
Give two reasons. (no more than 15 words).
3. How would you describe the author in terms of personalities according to
Paragraph 4? (no more than 10 words).
4. How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? (no more
than 5 words).
5. What's your attitude towards the "mountain" in your life? Please explain. (no
more than 20 words).
精讲精练
1. What made the author start to climb up the stairs to the mountain top? (no more
than 5 words).
__________________________________________________________________
精讲精练
Curiosity made her do so. / The desire to explore.
第二段：When I was a little girl, my family moved to a tiny town at the bottom of a
big mountain. One day after school, while exploring the green woods of this
magnificent mountain, I almost fell on a set of stairs. What could these steps lead to?
Curiosity got the best of me as I knew it would be starting to get dark soon. I started
climbing up those strangely mysterious steps.
2. Why did the author hurry back home without reaching the top of the mountain?
Give two reasons. (no more than 15 words).
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
精讲精练
Because it was getting dark, and she didn't want her mother to worry about her.
Or: Because she was scared, and might not be able to find her / the way back home.
第三段：I climbed and climbed. There was nothing but just green bushes and these
steps. I had to reach the top! But it was now getting real dark. If I kept going I might
not be able to see my way back. My mom would be worried sick if I didn't come
home soon. So I ran back home almost in the dark while trying not to get too scared.
3. How would you describe the author in terms of personalities according to Paragraph 4?
(no more than 10 words).
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
精讲精练
She had rich imagination and she was brave.
Or: She was a brave and determined girl with rich imagination.
Or: She was imaginative and determined, and she dared to explore.
Or: She was imaginative, adventurous and determined.
第四段：Anxiously I went to bed dreaming about what I would find at the top of
this magical mountain. Could there be a castle up there? Maybe I would find a
monster (怪物). Maybe I was taking the risk of never coming back home. Or, maybe
all I would find was absolutely nothing! But something inside me was going to climb
that mountain at all cost. I could hardly wait to try this adventure again.
imaginative / rich imagination
brave / determined / adventurous / dare to explore
精讲精练
4. How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? (no more
than 5 words).
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
We all sometimes fail.
Or: We face failure/defeat/hardships/challenges in life.
Or: There are difficulties/barriers/obstacles in life.
Or: We run into trouble sometimes.
Or: We have trouble in life.
最后一段：Now we live in a world surrounded by the "can't do" attitudes. We all
fall down. We all have doubts and regrets. Still we must climb and dream about
what's at the top of our mountain. Monsters may appear or the night will fall. But
never ever give up on your dream! Never let anyone tell you, "You can't." Dream big
and climb high!
精讲精练
5. What's your attitude towards the "mountain" in your life? Please explain. (no more
than 20 words).
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
I will try to reach my goal because I want to live an exciting life.
Or: I will try to reach / get to the top of the "mountain" because I want to be
successful in life.
goal / success
B
How Arts Promote Our Economy
When most people think of the arts, they imagine the end product, the beautiful
painting, a wonderful piece of music, or an award-winning performance in the theater.
But arts groups bring broader value to our communities. The economic impact of the
arts is often overlooked and badly judged.
The arts create jobs that help develop the economy. Any given performance takes a
tour bus full of artists, technical experts, managers, musicians, or writers to create an
appealing piece of art. These people earn a living wage for their professional knowledge
and skills.
Another group of folks is needed to help market the event. "If you build it they will
come" is a misleading belief. Painters, digital media experts, photographers, booking
agents and promoters are hired to sell tickets and promote the event. According to the
Dallas Area Cultural Advocacy Coalition, arts agencies employ more than 10,000 people
as full-or part-time employees or independent contractors.
精讲精练
A successful arts neighborhood creates a ripple effect (连锁反应) throughout a
community. In 2005, when the Bishop Arts Theatre was donated to our town, the
location was considered a poor area of town. After investing more than 1 million in
reconstructing the building, we began producing a full season of theater performances,
jazz concerts, and year-round arts education programs in 2008. Nearly 40 percent of jazz
lovers live outside of the Dallas city limits and drive or fly in to enjoy an evening in the
Bishop Arts District.
No doubt the theater has contributed to the area's development and economic
growth. Today, there are galleries, studios, restaurants and newly built work spaces
where neighbors share experiences, where there is renewed life and energy. In this way,
arts and culture also serve as a public good.
精讲精练
TeCo Theatrical Productions Inc. made use of Bloomberg's investment of $35,000 to
get nearly $400,000 in public and private sector support during the two-year period.
Further, Dallas arts and arts-based businesses produce $298 for every dollar the city
spends on arts programming and facilities. In Philadelphia, a metro area smaller than
Dallas, the arts have an economic impact of almost $3 million and support 44,000 jobs, 80
percent of which actually lie outside the arts industry, including accountants, marketers,
construction workers, hotel managers, printers, and other kinds of art workers.
The arts are efficient economic drivers and when they are supported, the entire
small-business community benefits.
It is wrong to assume arts groups cannot make a profit. But in order to stay in
business, arts groups must produce returns. If you are a student studying the arts,
chances are you have been ill-advised to have a plan B. But those who truly understand
the economic impact and can work to change the patterns can create a wide range of
career possibilities.
精讲精练
精讲精练
Arts as an
economic driver
Our communities ___1___ from arts in terms of economy.
___2___ of arts'
promoting our
economy
Arts activity demands a(n) ___3___ effort. It involves creation, performance ,
and ___4___.
Artists make a living through their creative work.
Others get paid by marketing the event.
Arts have a gradually spreading ___5___. They could help promote other
industries whether they lie inside or outside arts.
Besides tickets, some jazz lovers will pay their ___6___ to and from the events.
Arts contribute to cultural development when people gather together to share
their experience and renew their energy.
Investment in arts could produce potential ___7___ economic results.
TeCo used a $35,000 art investment to attract an overall support of $400,000.
In Dallas, one dollar invested in arts could harvest and extraordinary return of
nearly $300.
In Philadephia the arts have created about 35,000 job opportunities for
workers ___8___ arts industry.
Art students
making good living
With these ___9___ in mind, art students need not worry about their career
and have a(n) ___10___ plan.
精讲精练
Arts as an
economic driver
Our communities 1________ from arts in terms of economy.
第一段：When most people think of the arts, they imagine the end product, the
beautiful painting, a wonderful piece of music, or an award-winning performance in
the theater. But arts groups bring broader value to our communities. The economic
impact of the arts is often overlooked and badly judged.
benefit
精讲精练
2 ______ of
arts' promoting
our economy
Arts activity demands a(n) ___3___ effort. It involves creation,
performance , and ___4___.
Artists make a living through their creative work.
Others get paid by marketing the event.
Arts have a gradually spreading ___5___. They could help promote
other industries whether they lie inside or outside arts.
Besides tickets, some jazz lovers will pay their ___6___ to and from
the events.
Arts contribute to cultural development when people gather together
to share their experience and renew their energy.
Investment in arts could produce potential __7__ economic results.
TeCo used a $35,000 art investment to attract an overall support of
$400,000.
In Dallas, one dollar invested in arts could harvest and extraordinary
return of nearly $300.
In Philadephia the arts have created about 35,000 job opportunities
for workers ___8___ arts industry.
Ways
精讲精练
Arts activity demands a(n) 3 ______________ effort. It involves
creation, performance , and 4 ___________________.
Artists make a living through their creative work.
Others get paid by marketing the event.
joint/collective
第二段：The arts create jobs that help develop the economy. Any given performance
takes a tour bus full of artists, technical experts, managers, musicians, or writers to
create an appealing piece of art. These people earn a living wage for their professional
knowledge and skills.
第三段：Another group of folks is needed to help market the event. "If you build it
they will come" is a misleading belief. Painters, digital media experts, photographers,
booking agents and promoters are hired to sell tickets and promote the event.
According to the Dallas Area Cultural Advocacy Coalition, arts agencies employ more
than 10,000 people as full-or part-time employees or independent contractors.
promotion/marketing
第四段：A successful arts neighborhood creates a ripple effect (连锁反应) throughout
a community. In 2005, when the Bishop Arts Theatre was donated to our town, the
location was considered a poor area of town. After investing more than 1 million in
reconstructing the building, we began producing a full season of theater performances,
jazz concerts, and year-round arts education programs in 2008. Nearly 40 percent of
jazz lovers live outside of the Dallas city limits and drive or fly in to enjoy an evening in
the Bishop Arts District.
精讲精练
Arts have a gradually spreading 5 ______. They could help promote other
industries whether they lie inside or outside arts.
Besides tickets, some jazz lovers will pay their 6 ______ to and from the events.
Arts contribute to cultural development when people gather together to share
their experience and renew their energy.
effect
fares
精讲精练
Investment in arts could produce potential 7 _______ economic results.
TeCo used a $35,000 art investment to attract an overall support of $400,000.
In Dallas, one dollar invested in arts could harvest and extraordinary return of
nearly $300.
In Philadephia the arts have created about 35,000 job opportunities for
workers 8 ______________ arts industry.
positive
outside/beyond
第六段：TeCo Theatrical Productions Inc. made use of Bloomberg's investment of
$35,000 to get nearly $400,000 in public and private sector support during the two-year
period. Further, Dallas arts and arts-based businesses produce $298 for every dollar the
city spends on arts programming and facilities. In Philadelphia, a metro area smaller than
Dallas, the arts have an economic impact of almost $3 million and support 44,000 jobs, 80
percent of which actually lie outside the arts industry, including accountants, marketers,
construction workers, hotel managers, printers, and other kinds of art workers.
精讲精练
Art students
making good living
With these 9 ____________________ in mind, art students need
not worry about their career and have a(n) 10 __________ plan.
statistics/data/analyses
alternative
第六段：TeCo Theatrical Productions Inc. made use of Bloomberg's investment of $35,000
to get nearly $400,000 in public and private sector support during the two-year period.
Further, Dallas arts and arts-based businesses produce $298 for every dollar the city spends
on arts programming and facilities. In Philadelphia, a metro area smaller than Dallas, the arts
have an economic impact of almost $3 million and support 44,000 jobs, 80 percent of which
actually lie outside the arts industry, including accountants, marketers, construction workers,
hotel managers, printers, and other kinds of art workers.
最后一段：It is wrong to assume arts groups cannot make a profit. But in order to stay in
business, arts groups must produce returns. If you are a student studying the arts, chances
are you have been ill-advised to have a plan B. But those who truly understand the economic
impact and can work to change the patterns can create a wide range of career possibilities.
精讲精练
C
What can we learn from Amish people?
Many people think of the Amish as living without modern technology. These devout
communities, predominantly located in Pennsylvania, Ohio and Indiana, go without cars,
TVs, computers, phones or even the electricity needed to run so much of 21st century
gadgetry. But what researchers who have studied them have found is what the Amish
have a surplus of: good health in late life. The average American life expectancy is
currently just under 79 years. Back in 1900, it was only 47, but for early-20th century
Amish it was already greater than 70. Over the decades, most Americans have caught up
in overall life expectancy, but the Amish still have a significant edge in late-life health, with
lower rates of cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and more. So how do they do it?
Start with lifestyle. Amish communities are agrarian, with no modern farm
equipment, meaning all the work has to be done by hand. In 2004, the American College
of Sports Medicine fitted Amish volunteers with pedometers to determine how much
physical activity they performed. The results were dramatic. Amish men took 18,425 steps
a day and women 14,196 steps, compared with non-Amish people who are encouraged by
doctors to shoot for at least 10,000 steps and typically fail. Including other forms of
manual labor — lifting, chopping, sowing, planting — the Amish are six times as active as
a random sample of people from 12 countries.
One result of this is that only 4% of Amish people are obese, compared with
36.5% of the overall US population. Amish children are about one-third as likely
asnon-Amish to be obese, according to a 2012 study in PLOS One. This means 50%
lower rates of Type 2 diabetes.
The near absence of tobacco in the Amish community — some men do smoke
cigars — results in a 63% lower rate of tobacco-related cancers, according to a 2004
study of Ohio's Amish population. The Amish also had rates of all cancers that were
40% lower than the rest of the Ohio population.
Cardiovascular disease is one area in which the Amish don't have an edge, with
blood-pressure and heart-disease rates slightly higher than those of other
populations. Some of this might be attributed to the Amish diet, which is heavy on
pancakes, eggs and sausage for breakfast, and meat, potatoes, gravy and bread for
dinner. Working the farm can burn off those calories, but all the fat and salt and
carbs still have a bad effect.
精讲精练
The most powerful weapon in the Amish long-life arsenal, however, may be genes.
The Amish population in the US is about 318,000, descended from just 200 families that
immigrated in the 1700s. They mostly marry within their own communities, which
means the genes that existed when their ancestors got to America have remained. That
can be a dangerous thing if bad genes are hidden in the mix but a good thing if the
genes are sound. While no community is without genetic problems, the Amish seem to
have gotten a lucky draw.
In a study released last November, researchers announced the discovery of a gene
in an Amish community that seemed to be associated with an average life span 10%
longer than that of people without the gene.
While much of the Amish advantage is unique to the Amish themselves, there is
one long-life lesson on they can teach everyone else. Almost all elderly people in the
Amish community are cared for at home, by relatives. This isn't always realistic or
possible in the non-Amish world, but when it is, it plays huger health dividends than
medicine does.
精讲精练
精讲精练
精讲精练
What can we learn from Amish people?
Outline
Supporting details
Introduction
to the Amish
The Amish (1)_______________ the average American by more than 20
years last century.
The Amish in general enjoy better health than most people when they
are (2)_________.
Factors in the
Amish’s
(3)_________
___________
Lifestyles
The Amish have to (4)_________________ by hand due to
the lack of agricultural equipment. Thus , they are more
(5)________ active , taking more steps than the non-Amish
people. Various forms of manual labor (6)_______________
that they suffer less obesity. (7)___________ smoking
contributes to lower rates of tobacco-related cancers among
the Amish.
survived/outlived
old/aging
favo(u)r
farm/work/labo(u)r
physically
ensure/guarantee
Little/Less
/interest(s)
精讲精练
Factors in the
Amish’s
(3)_______
__________
Genes
The Amish are able to (8)_______ their genes pure
by marrying within their communities.
Problems with
the Amish’s
lifestyles
The Amish’s diet, (9)_________ more fat, salt and carbs than needed,
brings about high blood pressure and heart-disease rates.
Lesson from the
Amish
The power of family affection may go (10)_______________ that of
medicine.
keep
containing
above/beyond
favo(u)r
/interest(s)
课次
写作
听力
完形
1
中国文化
购物&餐饮
复现
2
校园活动
出行&日常
逻辑顺序&情感
3
社会实践
工作&校园
搭配&语法文化
&常识
课次
专题巩固
专项提升
4
阅读理解1（细节+推断）
语法填空
5
阅读理解2（主旨+猜词）
短文改错
6
七选五
任务型阅读
7
阅读综合
高频词及长难句详解
8
完形填空1
记叙文
9
完形填空2
夹叙夹议
10
语法题型
语法填空&短文改错&单项选择
11
写作1
提纲类1/图画类模板
12
写作2
提纲类2/概要类/议论类模板
13
高考题型综合巩固1
14
高考题型综合巩固2
Part One
【斐斐种草时间】
词源网站：http://etymonline.com/
【土豪斐鸡汤时间】选A
All grown-ups were once children... but only few of
them remember it.
所有的大人都曾经是小孩，虽然，只有少数
的人记得。 ——Le Petit Prince《小王子》
