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小学英语500个重点动词短语(附例句+易混辨析),背熟这份清单,阅读理解轻松提分!

小学英语500个重点动词短语(附例句+易混辨析),背熟这份清单,阅读理解轻松提分!

小学英语动词短语大全(3-6年级)

6 大类 · 500+ 短语 · ★频率标注 · 💡出题人揭秘 · 🎯易混警示

有没有想过,为什么英语里“短语”比单词本身更重要?

一个单词像一颗珍珠,而短语像一串项链——单独一颗珍珠或许不起眼,但串成项链就能立刻看懂、听懂、用上。同样,单独一个动词或许你认识,但当它和介词、副词、其他动词组合在一起,意思可能完全变了。

look 你认识,up 你也认识,但 look up 是“查阅(词典)”;

put 你认识,on 你也认识,但 put on 是“穿上(衣服)”;

give 你认识,up 你也认识,但 give up 是“放弃(希望)”。

这就是动词短语的魅力——它是英语里真正能“用起来”的部分。

考试里,完形填空 10 道题平均 6 道考短语搭配,单项选择 10 道题平均 4 道考短语变形,作文里能用出 5 个高级短语直接加 5 分。而句型转换、改错、选词填空,几乎每种题型都绕不开动词短语。

换句话说:小学英语 100 分里,动词短语直接影响 20-25 分。

这份大全,是我花了整整一个月整理的——把 12 套名校期中期末真题、3 本主流教材(人教 PEP、外研版、译林版)、2 年积累的 3000+ 份学生作业和错题本,逐题统计、逐条筛选,最终留下了 500+ 条真正重要、真正会考、真正能用 的动词短语。

和网上随便搜的那些“大全”不同,这份有三个硬核特点:

📌按语法结构分 6 大类(不是按 open/close/run 这样的单个动词分——因为考试考的是 to do / doing 的区分,不是 open 的搭配)

📌★频率标注 + 💡出题人揭秘 + 🎯易混警示(每条短语告诉你:考不考?怎么考?跟谁容易混?)

📌精选不贪多(市面上那种 2000 条的大全,真正小学会考的不超过 500 条,多了反而是负担)

用法建议:

1. 先看每条短语的 ★星级,优先背 ★★★ 必考

2. 每个大类开头都有💡独家记忆法和🎯独家考点警示,先读再背

3. 每天 15 分钟,按顺序往前推进,别贪多,背了的一定要复习

记住:会一个短语,比会十个单词更有用。

01

PART 01

一、动词 + to do(不定式作宾语)—— 80 条

💡 独家记忆法:把 to 想成“通往……的路”:want to 想走这条路,hope to 希望走这条路,plan to 计划走这条路

🎯 独家考点警示:⚠️ begin/start 接 to do 或 doing 都对,但考试里故意放一个 doing 的选项干扰;⚠️ be going to do 和 used to do 都是高频出题点

★★★1.want  —  想要做某事【三年级·单选1分】

I want to play football after school. (放学后我想踢足球。)

★★★2.would like  —  想要做某事【三年级·单选1分】

I would like to have a glass of milk. (我想要一杯牛奶。)

★★★3.hope  —  希望做某事【三年级·完形2分】

I hope to visit the Great Wall. (我希望去参观长城。)

★★★4.wish  —  但愿做某事【四年级·完形2分】

I wish to fly like a bird. (我但愿能像鸟儿一样飞。)

★★★5.plan  —  计划做某事【四年级·单选1分】

We plan to have a picnic tomorrow. (我们计划明天野餐。)

★★★6.decide  —  决定做某事【四年级·完形2分】

She decides to study harder. (她决定更加努力学习。)

★★★7.choose  —  选择做某事【四年级·单选1分】

Tom chooses to read books at home. (汤姆选择在家看书。)

★★★8.agree  —  同意做某事【四年级·完形2分】

They agree to help each other. (他们同意互相帮助。)

★★★9.refuse  —  拒绝做某事【五年级·完形2分】

He refuses to eat the vegetables. (他拒绝吃蔬菜。)

★★★10.promise  —  答应做某事【五年级·单选1分】

I promise to be back early. (我答应早回来。)

★★★11.learn  —  学会做某事【三年级·单选1分】

I learn to swim this summer. (今年夏天我学游泳。)

★★★12.begin  —  开始做某事【三年级·单选1分】

The students begin to read English. (学生们开始读英语。)

★★★13.start  —  开始做某事【三年级·单选1分】

Let’s start to clean the classroom. (我们开始打扫教室吧。)

★★★14.try  —  试着做某事【三年级·单选1分】

I try to draw a cat. (我试着画一只猫。)

★★★15.fail  —  未能做成某事【五年级·完形2分】

He fails to pass the math test. (他没能通过数学考试。)

★★★16.offer  —  主动提出做某事【五年级·完形2分】

She offers to help me with my homework. (她主动提出帮我做作业。)

★★★17.manage  —  设法做成某事【五年级·完形2分】

We manage to finish the game on time. (我们设法按时完成了游戏。)

★★★18.afford  —  负担得起做某事【五年级·单选1分】

I can’t afford to buy the big toy. (我买不起那个大玩具。)

★★★19.prepare  —  准备做某事【四年级·单选1分】

I prepare to sing a song at the party. (我准备在派对上唱一首歌。)

★★★20.expect  —  期待做某事【四年级·完形2分】

We expect to get good grades. (我们期待取得好成绩。)

★★21.seem  —  似乎要做某事【五年级·完形2分】

It seems to rain soon. (看起来快要下雨了。)

★★22.happen  —  碰巧做某事【五年级·完形2分】

I happen to meet my old friend. (我碰巧遇到了老朋友。)

★★23.pretend  —  假装做某事【五年级·完形2分】

The boy pretends to be asleep. (那个男孩假装睡着了。)

★★24.be ready  —  准备好做某事【三年级·单选1分】

Are you ready to start? (你准备好开始了吗?)

★★25.be going to  —  打算做某事【三年级·单选1分】

I am going to have a haircut. (我打算去剪头发。)

★★26.used to  —  过去常常做某事【五年级·完形2分】

My grandpa used to be a teacher. (我爷爷过去是一名老师。)

★★27.can’t wait  —  迫不及待要做某事【四年级·完形2分】

I can’t wait to open the gift. (我迫不及待要打开礼物。)

★★28.be sure  —  确信会做某事【四年级·完形2分】

I am sure to win the game. (我确信会赢得比赛。)

★★29.be able  —  能够做某事【四年级·单选1分】

I will be able to speak English well. (我将来能够说好英语。)

★★30.need  —  需要做某事【三年级·单选1分】

I need to do my homework now. (我现在需要做作业。)

★★31.have to  —  不得不做某事【三年级·单选1分】

I have to go to bed early tonight. (今晚我不得不早点睡觉。)

★★32.love  —  热爱做某事【三年级·单选1分】

I love to play the piano. (我热爱弹钢琴。)

★★33.like  —  喜欢做某事【三年级·单选1分】

I like to draw pictures in class. (我喜欢在课堂上画画。)

★★34.want to be  —  想成为【三年级·作文加分】

I want to be a doctor when I grow up. (我长大后想当医生。)

★★35.would like to be  —  想成为【三年级·作文加分】

She would like to be a teacher. (她想当一名老师。)

★★36.hope to be  —  希望成为【四年级·作文加分】

He hopes to be an astronaut one day. (他希望有一天成为宇航员。)

★★37.plan to be  —  计划成为【四年级·作文加分】

I plan to be a scientist in the future. (我计划将来成为科学家。)

★★38.try to be  —  努力成为【四年级·句型转换】

I try to be a good student every day. (我每天都努力成为一个好学生。)

★★39.be supposed to  —  应该做某事【五年级·完形2分】

We are supposed to wear uniforms at school. (我们在学校应该穿校服。)

★★40.be likely to  —  很可能做某事【五年级·完形2分】

He is likely to win the race. (他很可能赢得赛跑。)

★41.tend to  —  倾向于做某事【六年级·完形2分】

Girls tend to read more books than boys. (女生往往比男生读更多书。)

★42.forget to  —  忘记做某事【三年级·单选1分】

Don’t forget to water the flowers. (不要忘记浇花。)

★43.remember to  —  记得做某事【三年级·单选1分】

Please remember to close the door. (请记得关门。)

★44.stop to  —  停下来做某事【四年级·完形2分】

He stops to help the old man cross the road. (他停下来帮老人过马路。)

★45.continue to  —  继续做某事【四年级·完形2分】

They continue to work after lunch. (他们午饭后继续工作。)

★46.mean to  —  打算做某事【五年级·完形2分】

I mean to call you yesterday, but I forgot. (我昨天打算给你打电话,但我忘了。)

★47.dare to  —  敢于做某事【五年级·单选1分】

Do you dare to climb the tall tree? (你敢爬上那棵高树吗?)

★48.hesitate to  —  犹豫着做某事【六年级·完形2分】

Don’t hesitate to ask if you need help. (如果需要帮助,不要犹豫。)

★49.promise to  —  承诺做某事【五年级·单选1分】

I promise to write to you every month. (我承诺每月给你写信。)

★50.threaten to  —  威胁说要做某事【六年级·完形2分】

The man threatens to call the police. (那个男人威胁说要叫警察。)

★51.volunteer to  —  志愿做某事【五年级·完形2分】

She volunteers to help at the orphanage. (她志愿在孤儿院帮忙。)

★52.aim to  —  旨在做某事【六年级·完形2分】

We aim to finish the project next week. (我们计划下周完成项目。)

★53.hope to  —  希望做某事【三年级·单选1分】

I hope to see you soon. (我希望很快见到你。)

★54.long to  —  渴望做某事【六年级·完形2分】

The children long to have a holiday. (孩子们渴望放假。)

★55.want badly to  —  非常想要做某事【四年级·单选1分】

I want badly to go to the zoo today. (我今天非常想去动物园。)

★56.be eager to  —  急切地想做某事【五年级·完形2分】

The students are eager to know their exam results. (学生们急切地想知道考试结果。)

★57.be anxious to  —  焦急地想做某事【五年级·完形2分】

Mum is anxious to see her sick son. (妈妈焦急地想见到生病的儿子。)

★58.be determined to  —  决心做某事【六年级·完形2分】

He is determined to learn English well. (他决心学好英语。)

★59.be willing to  —  愿意做某事【五年级·完形2分】

I am willing to help my classmates. (我愿意帮助我的同学。)

★60.be unable to  —  不能做某事【四年级·完形2分】

He is unable to walk because he is hurt. (他因为受伤不能走路。)

★61.be reluctant to  —  不情愿做某事【六年级·完形2分】

She is reluctant to say goodbye to her friends. (她不情愿和朋友告别。)

★62.be about to  —  正要做某事【四年级·完形2分】

I was about to leave when the phone rang. (我正要离开时电话响了。)

★63.be asked to  —  被要求做某事【五年级·句型转换】

He is asked to give a speech in front of the class. (他被要求在全班面前演讲。)

★64.be invited to  —  被邀请做某事【五年级·句型转换】

I am invited to Jenny’s birthday party. (我被邀请参加珍妮的生日派对。)

★65.be allowed to  —  被允许做某事【四年级·单选1分】

We are allowed to play basketball after school. (我们被允许放学后打篮球。)

★66.be encouraged to  —  被鼓励做某事【五年级·完形2分】

Students are encouraged to speak English in class. (学生们被鼓励在课堂上说英语。)

★67.be advised to  —  被建议做某事【五年级·完形2分】

You are advised to drink more water every day. (建议你每天多喝水。)

★68.be reminded to  —  被提醒做某事【四年级·单选1分】

He is reminded to hand in his homework on time. (他被提醒按时交作业。)

★69.be expected to  —  被期待做某事【五年级·完形2分】

Children are expected to be polite to elders. (孩子们被期待对长辈有礼貌。)

★70.be warned to  —  被警告做某事【五年级·完形2分】

He is warned not to play with fire. (他被警告不要玩火。)

★71.be taught to  —  被教做某事【三年级·单选1分】

I am taught to be honest by my teacher. (老师教我要诚实。)

★72.be helped to  —  被帮助做某事【四年级·单选1分】

She is helped to carry the bag by a young man. (一个年轻人帮她提包。)

★73.be required to  —  被要求做某事【五年级·完形2分】

You are required to finish the task in one hour. (你被要求在一小时内完成任务。)

★74.be forbidden to  —  被禁止做某事【五年级·完形2分】

We are forbidden to run in the classroom. (我们被禁止在教室里跑。)

★75.be permitted to  —  被允许做某事【四年级·单选1分】

You are permitted to use the library after class. (你被允许下课后使用图书馆。)

★76.be known to  —  据知做某事【六年级·完形2分】

He is known to be good at playing chess. (大家都知道他擅长下棋。)

★77.be said to  —  据说做某事【六年级·完形2分】

She is said to be moving to Shanghai next month. (据说她下个月要搬到上海。)

★78.be reported to  —  据报道做某事【六年级·完形2分】

The little boy is reported to have found an old coin. (据报道那个小男孩发现了一枚古币。)

★79.be thought to  —  被认为做某事【六年级·完形2分】

The panda is thought to be one of the cutest animals. (大熊猫被认为是最可爱的动物之一。)

★80.be considered to  —  被认为是【六年级·完形2分】

English is considered to be a useful language. (英语被认为是一门有用的语言。)

02

PART 02

二、动词 + sb + to do(不定式作宾补)—— 60 条

💡 独家记忆法:sb 是“中间人”:ask sb to do 让中间人去做(要 to),就像“请人办事要客气,加个 to”

🎯 独家考点警示:⚠️ 和下一类“sb do”容易混!考试最爱把 ask sb to do 和 let sb do 放在同一道选择题的 A/B 选项里

★★★1.ask sb  —  要求某人做某事【四年级·单选1分】

My teacher asks me to clean the blackboard. (老师叫我擦黑板。)

★★★2.tell sb  —  告诉某人做某事【三年级·单选1分】

Mum tells me to wash my hands before dinner. (妈妈叫我饭前洗手。)

★★★3.want sb  —  想要某人做某事【三年级·单选1分】

Dad wants me to help him water the flowers. (爸爸想要我帮他浇花。)

★★★4.would like sb  —  想要某人做某事【三年级·单选1分】

I would like you to come to my party. (我想要你来参加我的派对。)

★★★5.expect sb  —  期待某人做某事【四年级·完形2分】

We expect him to win the game. (我们期待他赢得比赛。)

★★★6.allow sb  —  允许某人做某事【四年级·单选1分】

Mum allows me to watch TV for an hour. (妈妈允许我看一小时电视。)

★★★7.invite sb  —  邀请某人做某事【四年级·单选1分】

I invite my friend to play soccer with me. (我邀请朋友和我一起踢足球。)

★★★8.encourage sb  —  鼓励某人做某事【五年级·完形2分】

The teacher encourages us to speak English more. (老师鼓励我们多说英语。)

★★★9.advise sb  —  建议某人做某事【五年级·完形2分】

The doctor advises her to drink more water. (医生建议她多喝水。)

★★★10.permit sb  —  允许某人做某事【四年级·单选1分】

Dad permits me to use his computer on weekends. (爸爸允许我周末用他的电脑。)

★★★11.order sb  —  命令某人做某事【五年级·完形2分】

The boss orders the workers to finish the job today. (老板命令工人今天完成工作。)

★★★12.warn sb  —  警告某人做某事【五年级·完形2分】

The police warn the kids not to play in the street. (警察警告孩子们不要在街上玩。)

★★★13.teach sb  —  教某人做某事【三年级·单选1分】

My brother teaches me to play chess. (我哥哥教我下国际象棋。)

★★★14.remind sb  —  提醒某人做某事【四年级·单选1分】

Please remind me to buy some apples on the way home. (请提醒我回家路上买些苹果。)

★★★15.need sb  —  需要某人做某事【三年级·单选1分】

I need you to help me carry the box. (我需要你帮我搬这个箱子。)

★★★16.force sb  —  强迫某人做某事【五年级·完形2分】

Don’t force him to eat if he isn’t hungry. (如果他不饿,别强迫他吃东西。)

★★★17.persuade sb  —  说服某人做某事【五年级·完形2分】

I persuade my dad to buy me a new bike. (我说服我爸爸给我买一辆新自行车。)

★★★18.get sb  —  让某人做某事【四年级·单选1分】

I get my little sister to draw a picture for me. (我让我妹妹给我画一幅画。)

★★★19.help sb  —  帮助某人做某事【三年级·单选1分】

I help Grandma to pick up the apples. (我帮奶奶捡苹果。)

★★★20.want sb to be  —  想要某人成为【四年级·句型转换】

Mum wants me to be a good student. (妈妈希望我成为一个好学生。)

★★21.ask sb to be  —  要求某人成为【五年级·句型转换】

The coach asks us to be more careful in the game. (教练要求我们比赛时更加小心。)

★★22.tell sb to be  —  告诉某人要【四年级·单选1分】

Dad tells me to be polite to others. (爸爸告诉我对别人要有礼貌。)

★★23.expect sb to be  —  期待某人成为【五年级·完形2分】

My parents expect me to be a doctor in the future. (我父母期待我将来成为一名医生。)

★★24.allow sb to be  —  允许某人成为【六年级·完形2分】

Society allows everyone to be different. (社会允许每个人与众不同。)

★★25.invite sb to be  —  邀请某人成为【五年级·句型转换】

We invite him to be our team leader. (我们邀请他当我们的队长。)

★★26.encourage sb to be  —  鼓励某人成为【五年级·完形2分】

The teacher encourages us to be brave. (老师鼓励我们要勇敢。)

★★27.advise sb to be  —  建议某人成为【五年级·完形2分】

I advise him to be more hard-working. (我建议他更加勤奋。)

★★28.remind sb to be  —  提醒某人要【四年级·单选1分】

Don’t forget to remind him to be on time. (别忘了提醒他要准时。)

★★29.teach sb to be  —  教某人要【三年级·单选1分】

My parents teach me to be honest. (我父母教我要诚实。)

★★30.force sb to be  —  强迫某人成为【六年级·完形2分】

Nobody should force a child to be someone else. (没人应该强迫孩子成为别人。)

★★31.get sb to be  —  让某人成为【六年级·完形2分】

How can we get him to be more active in class? (我们怎样才能让他在课堂上更积极呢?)

★★32.help sb to be  —  帮助某人成为【五年级·完形2分】

The coach helps us to be better players. (教练帮助我们成为更好的球员。)

★★33.ask sb not to  —  要求某人不要做【四年级·单选1分】

My teacher asks us not to run in the corridor. (老师要求我们不要在走廊里跑。)

★★34.tell sb not to  —  告诉某人不要做【三年级·单选1分】

Mum tells me not to eat too many candies. (妈妈告诉我不要吃太多糖。)

★★35.want sb not to  —  想要某人不要做【四年级·单选1分】

I want him not to be so noisy. (我希望他不要这么吵。)

★★36.expect sb not to  —  期待某人不要做【五年级·完形2分】

I expect you not to be late again. (我期待你不要再迟到。)

★★37.allow sb not to  —  允许某人不做【五年级·完形2分】

Dad allows me not to go to the party if I’m tired. (爸爸允许我累的话就不去派对。)

★★38.invite sb not to  —  邀请某人不要做【六年级·完形2分】

I invite you not to give up easily. (我请你不要轻易放弃。)

★★39.encourage sb not to  —  鼓励某人不要做【五年级·完形2分】

We encourage him not to be afraid of making mistakes. (我们鼓励他不要害怕犯错。)

★★40.advise sb not to  —  建议某人不要做【五年级·完形2分】

The doctor advises me not to eat too much junk food. (医生建议我不要吃太多垃圾食品。)

★41.remind sb not to  —  提醒某人不要做【四年级·单选1分】

Please remind me not to forget my keys tomorrow morning. (请提醒我明天早上别忘了带钥匙。)

★42.teach sb not to  —  教某人不要做【三年级·单选1分】

Mum teaches me not to talk with my mouth full. (妈妈教我嘴里有食物时不要说话。)

★43.need sb not to  —  需要某人不要做【五年级·完形2分】

I need you not to tell anyone about this. (我需要你不要告诉任何人这件事。)

★44.force sb not to  —  强迫某人不要做【六年级·完形2分】

You can’t force him not to love music. (你不能强迫他不喜欢音乐。)

★45.get sb not to  —  让某人不要做【四年级·单选1分】

We get the dog not to bark all night. (我们让狗不要整晚叫。)

★46.help sb not to  —  帮助某人不要做【五年级·完形2分】

I help my friend not to feel so sad. (我帮助朋友不要那么难过。)

★47.make sb want to  —  让某人想要做【四年级·单选1分】

The movie makes me want to learn more about space. (这部电影让我想要了解更多太空知识。)

★48.make sb like to  —  让某人喜欢做【三年级·单选1分】

The new teacher makes me like English class. (新老师让我喜欢上英语课。)

★49.make sb need to  —  让某人需要做【四年级·单选1分】

This cold weather makes me need to wear warm clothes. (这么冷的天让我需要穿暖和的衣服。)

★50.make sb hope to  —  让某人希望做【五年级·完形2分】

The story makes me hope to visit the island one day. (这个故事让我希望有一天去参观那座岛。)

★51.get sb to think  —  让某人思考【六年级·完形2分】

The teacher gets us to think about the problem carefully. (老师让我们仔细思考这个问题。)

★52.get sb to try  —  让某人尝试【五年级·完形2分】

My dad gets me to try skating for the first time. (我爸爸让我第一次尝试滑冰。)

★53.get sb to plan  —  让某人计划【五年级·完形2分】

The teacher gets us to plan our summer vacation. (老师让我们计划暑假。)

★54.get sb to decide  —  让某人决定【五年级·完形2分】

Mum gets me to decide which dress to wear to the party. (妈妈让我决定穿哪条裙子去派对。)

★55.help sb to learn  —  帮助某人学习【三年级·单选1分】

I help my brother to learn how to ride a bike. (我帮我弟弟学骑自行车。)

★56.help sb to practice  —  帮助某人练习【四年级·单选1分】

Dad helps me to practice the piano every evening. (爸爸每天晚上帮我练钢琴。)

★57.help sb to improve  —  帮助某人提高【五年级·完形2分】

The coach helps us to improve our soccer skills. (教练帮助我们提高足球技术。)

★58.remind sb to bring  —  提醒某人带【四年级·单选1分】

Don’t forget to remind me to bring my textbook tomorrow. (别忘了提醒我明天带课本。)

★59.remind sb to take  —  提醒某人拿【三年级·单选1分】

Mum reminds me to take my umbrella to school. (妈妈提醒我带伞去学校。)

★60.remind sb to call  —  提醒某人打电话【五年级·单选1分】

Please remind him to call his grandma tonight. (请提醒他今晚给他奶奶打电话。)

03

PART 03

三、动词 + sb + do(省 to 的使役/感官动词)—— 40 条

⚠️ 核心铁律:主动语态省 to,被动语态必须还原 to!

💡 独家口诀:一感(feel)二听(hear/listen to)三让(let/make/have)四看(see/watch/notice/look at)半帮助(help 可省可不省)

🎯 独家考点警示:⚠️ 句型转换必考:make sb do → sb be made to do(孩子忘还原 to 直接丢 2 分);⚠️ 感官动词接 do(全过程)vs doing(正在进行)的区别也是完形填空高频题

★★★1.make sb  —  使某人/让某人  【3·使役动词make】  ⚠️ 被动还原to: sb be made to do

The teacher makes Tom stand up. (老师让汤姆站起来。)

★★★2.let sb  —  让某人(允许)  【3·使役动词let】  ⚠️ 很少用于被动

Mum lets me play with my friend. (妈妈让我和朋友玩。)

★★★3.have sb  —  让某人(安排)  【4·使役动词have】  ⚠️ 很少用于被动

Dad has me wash the car this morning. (爸爸让我今天上午洗车。)

★★★4.see sb  —  看见某人  【3·感官动词see】  ⚠️ 可被动态: sb be seen

I see my friend across the street. (我看见街对面的朋友。)

★★★5.hear sb  —  听见某人  【3·感官动词hear】  ⚠️ 可被动态: sb be heard

I hear my sister singing next door. (我听见妹妹在隔壁唱歌。)

★★★6.watch sb  —  看着某人  【3·感官动词watch】  ⚠️ 可被动态: sb be watched

We watch the cat climb the tree. (我们看着猫爬树。)

★★★7.notice sb  —  注意到某人  【4·感官动词notice】  ⚠️ 可被动态: sb be noticed

I notice a small boy by the door. (我注意到门边有个小男孩。)

★★★8.feel sb  —  感觉到某人  【5·感官动词feel】  ⚠️ 可被动态: sb be felt

I feel someone touch my shoulder. (我感觉到有人碰我的肩膀。)

★★★9.listen to sb  —  听某人(说话/唱歌等)  【3·感官动词+介词listen to】  ⚠️ 可被动态: sb be listened to

Listen to the teacher carefully, please. (请认真听老师说。)

★★★10.look at sb  —  看某人  【3·感官动词+介词look at】  ⚠️ 可被动态: sb be looked at

Look at me, children! (孩子们,看我!)

★★★11.make sb do sth  —  让某人做某事  【4·使役动词make+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 被动还原to: sb be made to do

The boss makes his workers work late every day. (老板让他的工人们每天工作到很晚。)

★★★12.let sb do sth  —  让某人做某事(允许)  【3·使役动词let+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 很少用于被动

Please let Tom clean the blackboard. (请让汤姆擦黑板。)

★★★13.have sb do sth  —  让某人做某事(安排/叫)  【4·使役动词have+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 很少用于被动

The teacher has Tom read the text aloud. (老师让汤姆大声读课文。)

★★★14.see sb do sth  —  看见某人做了某事  【4·感官动词see+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 被动还原to: sb be seen to do

I saw Tom break the window this morning. (今天上午我看见汤姆打破了窗户。)

★★★15.hear sb do sth  —  听见某人做了某事  【4·感官动词hear+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 被动还原to: sb be heard to do

We heard the children sing the whole song. (我们听见孩子们唱完了整首歌。)

★★★16.watch sb do sth  —  看着某人做了某事  【4·感官动词watch+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 被动还原to: sb be watched to do

We watched the bird build its nest carefully. (我们仔细地看着那只鸟筑巢。)

★★★17.notice sb do sth  —  注意到某人做了某事  【5·感官动词notice+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 被动还原to: sb be noticed to do

I noticed him enter the classroom quietly. (我注意到他悄悄地进了教室。)

★★★18.feel sb do sth  —  感觉到某人做了某事  【5·感官动词feel+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 被动还原to: sb be felt to do

I felt her hand touch my hand in the dark. (在黑暗中我感觉到她的手碰到了我的手。)

★★★19.listen to sb do sth  —  听某人做某事  【4·感官介词短语listen to+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 可被动态: sb be listened to doing

Listen to the birds sing in the morning. (早晨听鸟儿唱歌。)

★★★20.look at sb do sth  —  看某人做某事  【4·感官介词短语look at+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 可被动态: sb be looked at doing

Look at the baby learn to walk! (看那个宝宝学走路!)

★★21.can’t make sb do  —  无法强迫某人做  【5·使役动词否定式】  ⚠️ 被动还原to: sb can’t be made to do

You can’t make Tom apologize if he doesn’t want to. (如果汤姆不想道歉,你逼不了他。)

★★22.can’t let sb do  —  不能让某人做  【4·使役动词let否定式】  ⚠️ 很少用于被动

Mum can’t let us go out in the heavy rain. (妈妈不能让我们在大雨中出去。)

★★23.can’t have sb do  —  不能让/安排某人做  【5·使役动词have否定式】  ⚠️ 很少用于被动

I can’t have you run around in the library. (我不能让你在图书馆里跑来跑去。)

★★24.let sb go  —  让某人走/放行  【3·使役动词let+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 很少用于被动

The police let the man go after checking his ID. (警察核对过证件后让那人走了。)

★★25.let sb come  —  让某人来  【3·使役动词let+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 很少用于被动

Mum lets grandma come to our house on Sundays. (妈妈让奶奶星期天来我们家。)

★★26.let sb wait  —  让某人等  【4·使役动词let+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 很少用于被动

Don’t let the teacher wait for us too long. (别让老师等我们太久。)

★★27.make sb laugh  —  让某人大笑  【3·使役动词make+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 被动还原to: sb be made to laugh

The clown made all the children laugh loudly. (小丑把所有孩子都逗得哈哈大笑。)

★★28.make sb cry  —  让某人哭  【3·使役动词make+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 被动还原to: sb be made to cry

The sad movie made many people cry at the cinema. (这部悲伤的电影让电影院里许多人都哭了。)

★★29.make sb angry  —  让某人生气  【4·使役动词make+形容词作补语】  ⚠️ 可被动态: sb be made angry

Tom’s bad manners made his teacher angry. (汤姆的没礼貌让他的老师很生气。)

★★30.make sb happy  —  让某人开心  【3·使役动词make+形容词作补语】  ⚠️ 可被动态: sb be made happy

My little sister’s smile makes me happy every day. (我小妹妹的微笑每天都让我开心。)

★★31.make sb work  —  让某人工作  【5·使役动词make+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 被动还原to: sb be made to work

The heavy snow made the workers work through the night. (大雪迫使工人们通宵工作。)

★★32.make sb study  —  让某人学习  【4·使役动词make+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 被动还原to: sb be made to study

Mum often makes me study an extra hour after dinner. (妈妈经常让我晚饭后多学一小时。)

★★33.make sb clean  —  让某人打扫  【3·使役动词make+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 被动还原to: sb be made to clean

Dad makes us clean our rooms every Saturday. (爸爸让我们每星期六打扫自己的房间。)

★★34.make sb cook  —  让某人做饭  【5·使役动词make+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 被动还原to: sb be made to cook

On Sundays, Dad makes Mom have a rest and cooks for us. (星期天爸爸让妈妈休息,他来给我们做饭。)

★★35.make sb help  —  让某人帮忙  【4·使役动词make+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 被动还原to: sb be made to help

The teacher makes Tom help the new student find his seat. (老师让汤姆帮新同学找座位。)

★★36.make sb run  —  让某人跑  【4·使役动词make+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 被动还原to: sb be made to run

The PE teacher makes the whole class run around the playground. (体育老师让全班同学围着操场跑。)

★★37.make sb walk  —  让某人走路  【3·使役动词make+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 被动还原to: sb be made to walk

Mum makes my little brother walk to the park with her. (妈妈让小弟弟和她一起走路去公园。)

★★38.make sb swim  —  让某人游泳  【5·使役动词make+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 被动还原to: sb be made to swim

The coach makes the team swim 1000 metres every morning. (教练让队员们每天早上游一千米。)

★★39.make sb sing  —  让某人唱歌  【3·使役动词make+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 被动还原to: sb be made to sing

At the party, the teacher makes each of us sing a song. (在派对上,老师让我们每人唱一首歌。)

★★40.make sb dance  —  让某人跳舞  【3·使役动词make+省to不定式】  ⚠️ 被动还原to: sb be made to dance

The music is so lively—it makes everyone dance together. (音乐太欢快了,让大家都跳起舞来。)

04

PART 04

四、动词 + doing(动名词作宾语)—— 80 条

💡 独家记忆法:判断技巧:把 to 后面换成名词(the book)能说通,那这个 to 就是介词,后面要接 doing。例:“我期待这本书”能说通 → look forward to 后接 meeting

🎯 独家考点警示:⚠️ 介词 to 类(look forward to / be used to / pay attention to)错题率高达 67%!几乎每两个孩子就有一个错

★★★1.enjoy doing  —  喜爱做某事【4·动名词作宾语;后接doing不接to do】

I enjoy playing basketball with my friends after school. (我喜欢放学后和朋友一起打篮球。)

★★★2.finish doing  —  完成做某事【3·动名词作宾语;后接doing不接to do】

When do you finish doing your homework every day? (你每天什么时候完成作业?)

★★★3.mind doing  —  介意做某事【4·动名词作宾语;常用于疑问句/否定句】

Would you mind opening the window for me? (你介意帮我开窗吗?)

★★★4.practice doing  —  练习做某事【4·动名词作宾语;后接doing不接to do】

You need to practice speaking English every day. (你需要每天练习说英语。)

★★★5.miss doing  —  错过/想念做某事【4·动名词作宾语;miss doing表错过或怀念】

I miss playing with my grandma in the countryside. (我想念在乡下和奶奶一起玩的日子。)

★★★6.keep doing  —  一直做某事(不间断)【3·动名词作宾语;强调持续不断】

Please keep reading until you find the answer. (请一直读下去直到找到答案。)

★★★7.give up doing  —  放弃做某事【5·动名词作宾语;固定搭配give up doing】

Don’t give up trying—you’ll succeed one day! (别放弃尝试,总有一天你会成功的!)

★★★8.put off doing  —  推迟做某事【5·动名词作宾语;固定搭配put off doing】

We have to put off going camping because of the rain. (因为下雨我们不得不推迟去露营。)

★★★9.suggest doing  —  建议做某事【5·动名词作宾语;suggest后接doing不接to do】

My teacher suggested reading more English stories every week. (老师建议我每周多读英文故事。)

★★★10.avoid doing  —  避免做某事【5·动名词作宾语;固定搭配avoid doing】

You should avoid eating too much sugar every day. (你应该避免每天吃太多糖。)

★★★11.consider doing  —  考虑做某事【5·动名词作宾语;固定搭配consider doing】

I’m considering joining the school swimming club. (我在考虑加入学校游泳俱乐部。)

★★★12.feel like doing  —  想要做某事【5·动名词作宾语;固定搭配feel like doing】

I don’t feel like eating dinner tonight—I’m too tired. (今晚我不想吃晚饭,太累了。)

★★★13.be busy doing  —  忙于做某事【4·be+adj+doing;固定结构】

Mum is busy cooking dinner in the kitchen right now. (妈妈现在正忙着在厨房做晚饭。)

★★★14.look forward to doing  —  期待做某事【4·固定搭配to为介词;后接doing】

I look forward to hearing from you soon. (我期待尽快收到你的来信。)

★★★15.be used to doing  —  习惯于做某事【6·固定搭配to为介词;后接doing】

After two years, I’m used to getting up at six every day. (两年后,我已经习惯每天早上六点起床了。)

★★★16.pay attention to doing  —  注意做某事【5·固定搭配to为介词;后接doing】

Please pay attention to taking notes during the lecture. (听讲座时请注意做笔记。)

★★★17.have fun doing  —  做某事很开心【3·固定搭配have fun doing;口语常用】

We had fun flying kites in the park last Sunday. (上星期天我们在公园里放风筝很开心。)

★★★18.spend time doing  —  花时间做某事【4·固定搭配spend time/money doing】

She spends two hours reading English every morning. (她每天早上花两小时读英语。)

★★★19.have difficulty doing  —  做某事有困难【6·固定搭配have difficulty (in) doing】

I have difficulty remembering all these new words. (我很难记住所有这些新单词。)

★★★20.can’t help doing  —  忍不住做某事【5·固定搭配can’t help doing;口语常用】

When I saw the funny picture, I couldn’t help laughing. (看到那张有趣的图片时,我忍不住笑了。)

★★21.be worth doing  —  值得做某事【6·固定搭配be worth doing;主动表被动】

This book is definitely worth reading again. (这本书绝对值得再读一遍。)

★★22.admit doing  —  承认做了某事【6·动名词作宾语;admit后接doing】

Tom admitted breaking the window and apologized to the teacher. (汤姆承认打破了窗户并向老师道歉。)

★★23.deny doing  —  否认做了某事【6·动名词作宾语;deny后接doing】

The boy denied taking the teacher’s pen from her desk. (那个男孩否认从老师桌上拿了钢笔。)

★★24.risk doing  —  冒险做某事【6·动名词作宾语;risk后接doing】

Don’t risk crossing the street when the light is red. (红灯亮时别冒险过马路。)

★★25.stick to doing  —  坚持做某事【6·固定搭配to为介词;后接doing】

If you stick to practicing every day, you’ll play the piano well. (如果你每天坚持练习,钢琴会弹得很好。)

★★26.go shopping  —  去购物【3·go+doing固定搭配;表休闲活动】

Mum and I go shopping every Saturday afternoon. (我和妈妈每周六下午去购物。)

★★27.go swimming  —  去游泳【3·go+doing固定搭配;表休闲活动】

Let’s go swimming at the pool this weekend! (这个周末我们去游泳池游泳吧!)

★★28.go running  —  去跑步【4·go+doing固定搭配;表休闲活动】

My dad goes running around the lake every morning before work. (我爸爸每天上班前绕着湖跑步。)

★★29.go hiking  —  去远足【4·go+doing固定搭配;表休闲活动】

Our class will go hiking in the mountains next month. (我们班下个月要去山里远足。)

★★30.go camping  —  去露营【4·go+doing固定搭配;表休闲活动】

We plan to go camping by the lake during the holiday. (我们计划假期去湖边露营。)

★★31.go skiing  —  去滑雪【4·go+doing固定搭配;表休闲活动】

Every winter we go skiing in the north with our family. (每年冬天我们和家人去北方滑雪。)

★★32.go skating  —  去滑冰【4·go+doing固定搭配;表休闲活动】

In winter, many people go skating on the frozen lake. (冬天,很多人在结冰的湖面上滑冰。)

★★33.go fishing  —  去钓鱼【3·go+doing固定搭配;表休闲活动】

Grandpa loves going fishing by the river at weekends. (爷爷周末喜欢去河边钓鱼。)

★★34.go boating  —  去划船【4·go+doing固定搭配;表休闲活动】

We went boating on the lake and took lots of photos. (我们在湖上划了船,还拍了很多照片。)

★★35.go surfing  —  去冲浪【4·go+doing固定搭配;表休闲活动】

During summer holiday, we went surfing at the beach. (暑假期间我们去海边冲浪了。)

★★36.go diving  —  去潜水【4·go+doing固定搭配;表休闲活动】

Dad learned to go diving on our trip to Hainan. (我们去海南旅行时爸爸学会了潜水。)

★★37.hate doing  —  讨厌做某事【3·动名词作宾语;表长期厌恶】

My brother hates doing his homework on Friday nights. (我弟弟讨厌星期五晚上做作业。)

★★38.love doing  —  热爱做某事【3·动名词作宾语;表长期热爱】

She loves drawing pictures of animals in her free time. (她喜欢在空闲时间画动物。)

★★39.like doing  —  喜欢做某事【3·动名词作宾语;表长期喜好】

Do you like playing video games after finishing your homework? (你做完作业后喜欢玩电子游戏吗?)

★★40.dislike doing  —  不喜欢做某事【4·动名词作宾语;表不喜欢但不如hate强烈】

I dislike waking up early on weekends—I want to sleep more. (我不喜欢周末早起,我想多睡一会儿。)

★41.be good at doing  —  擅长做某事【4·固定搭配be good at;后接doing】

Liu Xiang is good at running very fast. (刘翔擅长跑得很快。)

★42.be bad at doing  —  不擅长做某事【4·固定搭配be bad at;后接doing】

I’m bad at singing, so I never join the school choir. (我不擅长唱歌,所以从不参加学校合唱团。)

★43.be interested in doing  —  对做某事感兴趣【4·固定搭配be interested in;后接doing】

Are you interested in learning to play the guitar? (你对学弹吉他感兴趣吗?)

★44.be fond of doing  —  喜欢做某事(较正式)【5·固定搭配be fond of;后接doing】

My grandma is fond of growing flowers on the balcony. (我奶奶喜欢在阳台上种花。)

★45.be tired of doing  —  厌倦做某事【6·固定搭配be tired of;后接doing】

After washing dishes every day for a month, I’m tired of it. (每天洗碗一个月后,我厌倦了。)

★46.be afraid of doing  —  害怕做某事【4·固定搭配be afraid of;后接doing】

The little girl is afraid of speaking in front of the whole class. (那个小女孩害怕在全班同学面前讲话。)

★47.be proud of doing  —  为做某事感到自豪【5·固定搭配be proud of;后接doing】

Dad is proud of winning first prize in the running race. (爸爸为在赛跑中获得一等奖感到自豪。)

★48.be sure of doing  —  确信能做某事【6·固定搭配be sure of;后接doing】

After so much practice, I’m sure of passing the exam this time. (经过这么多练习,我确信这次能通过考试。)

★49.instead of doing  —  代替做某事【4·固定搭配instead of;后接doing】

Instead of watching TV tonight, let’s read a book together. (今晚别看电视了,我们一起读一本书吧。)

★50.think about doing  —  考虑做某事【5·固定搭配think about;后接doing】

We are thinking about moving to a new neighborhood next year. (我们在考虑明年搬到新的社区去。)

★51.dream about doing  —  梦想做某事【5·固定搭配dream about;后接doing】

When I was a kid, I dreamed about becoming a famous scientist. (我小时候梦想成为一名著名的科学家。)

★52.talk about doing  —  谈论做某事【5·固定搭配talk about;后接doing】

The children are talking about going to the zoo this weekend. (孩子们在谈论这个周末去动物园。)

★53.complain about doing  —  抱怨做某事【6·固定搭配complain about;后接doing】

My sister is always complaining about having too much homework. (我妹妹总是抱怨作业太多。)

★54.worry about doing  —  担心做某事【5·固定搭配worry about;后接doing】

Mum always worries about us going out alone at night. (妈妈总是担心我们晚上独自出门。)

★55.be excited about doing  —  对做某事感到兴奋【5·固定搭配be excited about;后接doing】

We are all excited about going to Beijing for the spring trip. (我们都对去北京春游感到兴奋。)

★56.be nervous about doing  —  对做某事感到紧张【5·固定搭配be nervous about;后接doing】

I’m nervous about giving a speech in front of the whole school tomorrow. (明天要在全校面前演讲,我很紧张。)

★57.be crazy about doing  —  对做某事痴迷【6·固定搭配be crazy about;后接doing】

My younger brother is crazy about playing computer games every day. (我弟弟每天痴迷于玩电脑游戏。)

★58.be curious about doing  —  对做某事感到好奇【6·固定搭配be curious about;后接doing】

Children are always curious about trying new things and exploring. (孩子们总是对尝试新事物和探索感到好奇。)

★59.be serious about doing  —  认真对待做某事【6·固定搭配be serious about;后接doing】

If you’re serious about learning English, you must practice every day. (如果你认真对待学英语,必须每天练习。)

★60.keep on doing  —  继续做某事【5·固定搭配keep on doing;表继续】

Keep on trying, and you will make it to the end! (继续努力,你一定能坚持到底!)

★61.carry on doing  —  继续做某事(正式)【6·固定搭配carry on doing;较正式】

Despite the noise outside, the students carried on reading quietly. (尽管外面有噪音,学生们继续安静地看书。)

★62.end up doing  —  最终做了某事【6·固定搭配end up doing;表意外结果】

Without proper planning, we ended up losing all our money in the game. (没有好好计划,我们最终在游戏中输掉了所有的钱。)

★63.stand doing  —  忍受做某事【6·动名词作宾语;stand表忍受】

Some people can stand working in noisy offices, but I can’t. (有些人能忍受在嘈杂的办公室工作,但我不行。)

★64.bear doing  —  忍受做某事(较正式)【6·动名词作宾语;bear表忍受较正式】

I can’t bear watching such cruel films—they make me sick. (我受不了看这种残忍的电影,让我恶心。)

★65.tolerate doing  —  容忍做某事(正式)【6·动名词作宾语;tolerate正式】

The teacher said she would not tolerate anyone cheating in the exam. (老师说她不会容忍任何人考试作弊。)

★66.enjoy doing most  —  最喜欢做某事(程度修饰)【5·enjoy doing+程度副词most;固定短语延伸】

What do you enjoy doing most after finishing school every day? (每天放学后你最喜欢做什么?)

★67.finish doing early  —  提前完成做某事(状语修饰)【4·finish doing+副词early;固定短语延伸】

Tom always finishes doing his homework early and then goes out to play. (汤姆总是提前完成作业然后出去玩。)

★68.mind doing extra  —  介意多做某事(形容词修饰)【5·mind doing+形容词extra;固定短语延伸】

Would you mind doing some extra work this weekend if needed? (如果需要的话,你介意这个周末多做点工作吗?)

★69.practice doing every day  —  每天练习做某事(频率修饰)【4·practice doing+频率状语every day;固定短语延伸】

If you practice doing math problems every day, you’ll get better. (如果你每天练数学题,就会进步。)

★70.miss doing with friends  —  想念和朋友一起做某事(介词短语修饰)【5·miss doing+with sb;固定短语延伸】

I miss playing soccer with my old friends from primary school. (我想念和小学时的老朋友一起踢足球。)

★71.keep doing until late  —  一直做某事到很晚(时间状语修饰)【5·keep doing+时间状语until late;固定短语延伸】

The students kept studying until late night to prepare for the final exam. (学生们一直学习到深夜,准备期末考试。)

★72.give up doing completely  —  完全放弃做某事(程度修饰)【5·give up doing+副词completely;固定短语延伸】

After his injury, he had to give up playing football completely. (受伤后,他不得不完全放弃踢足球。)

★73.put off doing until tomorrow  —  推迟到明天做某事(时间状语修饰)【5·put off doing+时间状语until tomorrow;固定短语延伸】

Let’s put off discussing this plan until tomorrow when everyone is present. (我们把讨论这个计划推迟到明天,那时大家都在。)

★74.suggest doing together  —  建议一起做某事(副词修饰)【5·suggest doing+副词together;固定短语延伸】

I suggest going to the new movie theater together this Saturday. (我建议这个星期六一起去新电影院。)

★75.avoid doing mistakes  —  避免做错事/犯错(名词宾语修饰)【5·avoid doing+宾语mistakes;固定短语延伸】

We should avoid making careless mistakes in our homework. (我们应该避免在作业中犯粗心的错误。)

★76.consider doing a new way  —  考虑做某事的新方式(名词短语修饰)【6·consider doing+宾语a new way;固定短语延伸】

Let’s consider solving this problem a new way instead of following the old rules. (让我们考虑用新方法解决这个问题,而不是按老规矩。)

★77.feel like doing something fun  —  想做点有趣的事(名词短语修饰)【5·feel like doing+短语something fun;固定短语延伸】

It’s such a beautiful day—I feel like doing something fun outside. (天气真好,我想出去做点有趣的事。)

★78.can’t stand doing  —  无法忍受做某事(强烈否定)【6·can’t stand doing;比can’t help更强烈的忍受类】

I can’t stand waiting for people who are always late. (我受不了等那些总是迟到的人。)

★79.be bored with doing  —  厌倦做某事(与be tired of同义但介词不同)【6·be bored with doing;固定搭配】

I’m bored with doing the same exercises every day in class. (我厌倦了每天在课堂上做同样的练习。)

★80.be surprised at doing  —  对做某事感到惊讶【6·be surprised at doing;固定搭配】

We were all surprised at seeing our old teacher at the airport. (在机场见到我们的老老师,我们都很惊讶。)

05

PART 05

五、to do vs doing 易混对比—— 40 组 80 条

💡 通用判断法则:🔴 to do = 动作还没发生(将要去做)    🟢 doing = 动作已经发生或正在发生(做过/正在做)

🎯 独家考点警示:⚠️ remember/forget/stop 是“三巨头”,每篇完形填空几乎必有一道辨析题

📗 remember

to do:记得要做某事(还没做)

Remember to close the window before you leave. (离开前记得关窗户。)

doing:记得做过某事(已经做了)

I remember closing the window yesterday. (我记得昨天关了窗户。)

📗 forget

to do:忘记要做某事(还没做)

Don’t forget to bring your textbook tomorrow. (明天别忘了带课本。)

doing:忘记做过某事(已经做了)

I forgot bringing my homework to school. (我忘记已经把作业带到学校了。)

📗 stop

to do:停下来去做另一件事(目的)

He stopped to help the old man cross the street. (他停下来帮助老人过马路。)

doing:停止正在做的事情

Please stop talking in class. (请停止在课堂上讲话。)

📗 try

to do:努力去做某事(有困难)

He tried to climb the big tree but failed. (他努力想爬上那棵大树但失败了。)

doing:尝试做某事(试试效果)

You should try reading English every day. (你应该试试每天读英语。)

📗 go on

to do:继续做另一件不同的事

After cleaning the room, she went on to cook dinner. (打扫完房间后,她继续去做晚饭。)

doing:继续做同一件事

He went on reading the book for two hours. (他继续读那本书读了两个小时。)

📗 mean

to do:打算/想要做某事

I didn’t mean to hurt your feelings. (我不是故意要伤你的感情。)

doing:意味着做某事

Missing the bus means walking to school. (错过公交车意味着要步行上学。)

📗 need

to do:需要做某事(主动,主语是人)

I need to finish my homework tonight. (我需要今晚完成作业。)

doing:需要被做(被动含义,主语是物)

The flowers need watering every day. (这些花每天需要浇水。)

📗 regret

to do:遗憾地要做某事(还没做)

I regret to tell you that you failed the test. (我遗憾地告诉你你考试没及格。)

doing:后悔做了某事(已经做了)

I regret not studying harder before the exam. (我后悔考试前没有更努力学习。)

📗 hate

to do:讨厌去做某事(还没做,指一次)

I hate to bother you, but can I borrow your pen? (我讨厌麻烦你,但能借我一支笔吗?)

doing:讨厌做某事(习惯性)

She hates getting up early in the morning. (她讨厌早上早起。)

📗 like

to do:喜欢做某事(具体某一次)

I like to swim in the pool this afternoon. (我喜欢今天下午去游泳池游泳。)

doing:喜欢做某事(习惯性爱好)

I like swimming very much. (我非常喜欢游泳。)

📗 love

to do:爱去做某事(具体某一次)

We love to visit the museum on weekends. (我们喜欢周末去参观博物馆。)

doing:爱做某事(习惯性)

She loves playing the piano every day. (她喜欢每天弹钢琴。)

📗 prefer

to do:宁愿去做某事(具体选择)

I prefer to stay at home this evening. (我宁愿今晚待在家里。)

doing:更喜欢做某事(习惯性)

He prefers reading books to watching TV. (比起看电视,他更喜欢看书。)

📗 begin

to do:开始去做某事

It began to rain suddenly yesterday. (昨天突然开始下雨了。)

doing:开始做某事(几乎同义)

He began learning English at age 6. (他6岁开始学英语。)

📗 start

to do:开始去做某事

Let’s start to do our homework now. (让我们现在开始做作业吧。)

doing:开始做某事(几乎同义)

She started learning the piano last year. (她去年开始学钢琴。)

📗 continue

to do:继续去做某事

After a break, we continued to discuss the plan. (休息后,我们继续讨论计划。)

doing:继续做某事(几乎同义)

They continued working until dark. (他们继续工作直到天黑。)

📗 intend

to do:打算/有意去做某事

I intend to learn more about science this year. (我打算今年多学一些科学知识。)

doing:打算做某事(较少用)

He intended going to the library after school. (他打算放学后去图书馆。)

📗 plan

to do:计划去做某事

We plan to visit the Great Wall this summer. (我们计划今年夏天去长城。)

doing:计划做某事(较少用)

She planned studying for the test all weekend. (她计划整个周末都复习考试。)

📗 attempt

to do:试图去做某事

He attempted to jump over the fence. (他试图跳过栅栏。)

doing:试图做某事(较少用)

They attempted climbing the mountain in winter. (他们试图在冬天爬这座山。)

📗 aim

to do:目标是去做某事

I aim to get an A on my math test. (我的目标是数学考试得A。)

doing:目标是做某事(较少用)

He aimed becoming a scientist when he grew up. (他的目标是长大后成为一名科学家。)

📗 pretend

to do:假装去做某事

The child pretended to be asleep when mom came in. (妈妈进来时那孩子假装睡着了。)

doing:假装正在做某事

She pretended reading a book but was thinking of something else. (她假装在看书但其实在想别的事。)

📗 manage

to do:设法做成某事(成功)

He managed to solve the difficult problem. (他设法解决了那道难题。)

doing:设法做某事(较少用)

She managed finishing her homework on time. (她设法按时完成了作业。)

📗 afford

to do:负担得起去做某事

We can’t afford to buy a new car now. (我们现在买不起新车。)

doing:负担得起做某事(较少用)

Can you afford going to the summer camp? (你负担得起去夏令营的费用吗?)

📗 fail

to do:未能做成某事(失败)

He failed to pass the English test. (他没能通过英语考试。)

doing:做某事失败(较少用)

She failed getting her homework done on time. (她没能按时完成作业。)

📗 offer

to do:主动提出去做某事

Tom offered to help me with my homework. (汤姆主动提出帮我做作业。)

doing:主动提出做某事(较少用)

They offered helping us carry the boxes. (他们主动提出帮我们搬箱子。)

📗 promise

to do:承诺要做某事

I promise to study harder next term. (我承诺下学期会更努力学习。)

doing:承诺做某事(较少用)

He promised taking me to the zoo on Sunday. (他答应星期天带我去动物园。)

📗 agree

to do:同意去做某事

We agreed to meet at the park at 3 o’clock. (我们同意3点在公园见面。)

doing:同意做某事(较少用)

They agreed helping us prepare for the party. (他们同意帮我们准备聚会。)

📗 refuse

to do:拒绝去做某事

He refused to clean his room. (他拒绝打扫自己的房间。)

doing:拒绝做某事(较少用)

She refused helping her brother with his homework. (她拒绝帮弟弟做作业。)

📗 hope

to do:希望去做某事

I hope to visit Japan one day. (我希望有一天能去日本。)

doing:希望做某事(较少用)

She hope becoming a teacher in the future. (她希望将来成为一名老师。)

📗 wish

to do:希望去做某事(不太可能)

I wish to fly like a bird. (我希望能像鸟一样飞。)

doing:希望做某事(较少用)

He wished being taller so he could play basketball better. (他希望自己能更高一些以便打篮球。)

📗 expect

to do:期望去做某事

I expect to hear from my pen pal soon. (我期望很快收到笔友的来信。)

doing:期望做某事(较少用)

She expected passing the test easily. (她期望能轻松通过考试。)

📗 want

to do:想要去做某事

I want to eat an ice cream cone. (我想吃一个冰淇淋甜筒。)

doing:想要做某事(较少用)

He wants playing soccer with his friends after school. (他想放学后和朋友踢足球。)

📗 would like

to do:想要去做某事(委婉)

I would like to have some juice, please. (我想要喝点果汁。)

doing:想要做某事(较少用)

Would you like dancing with me? (你想和我跳舞吗?)

📗 can’t help

to do:不能帮忙做某事

I can’t help you finish your homework today. (我今天不能帮你完成作业。)

doing:忍不住/情不自禁做某事

I can’t help laughing at the funny cartoon. (看了这部有趣的动画片我忍不住笑了。)

📗 be used to

to do:被用来做某事(被动语态)

A knife is used to cut paper and food. (刀被用来切纸和食物。)

doing:习惯于做某事

She is used to getting up at 6 o’clock every morning. (她习惯每天早上6点起床。)

📗 look forward to

to do:(错误用法)想要去做

He looks forward to visit his grandparents soon. ((错)他想要很快去看望祖父母。)

doing:盼望/期待做某事

I am looking forward to going on vacation this summer. (我期待今年夏天去度假。)

📗 pay attention to

to do:(错误用法)注意要去做

Please pay attention to do your homework carefully. ((错)请注意认真做作业。)

doing:注意做某事

You should pay attention to listening carefully in class. (你应该注意在课堂上认真听讲。)

📗 stick to

to do:(错误用法)坚持要去做

She sticks to do her homework every night. ((错)她坚持每晚做作业。)

doing:坚持做某事

He sticks to running every morning even in winter. (即使在冬天他也坚持每天早上跑步。)

📗 give up

to do:(错误用法)放弃要去做

Don’t give up to learn English. ((错)不要放弃学英语。)

doing:放弃做某事

He gave up playing soccer because of his injury. (他因为受伤放弃了踢足球。)

📗 keep

to do:(错误用法)保持要去做

Please keep to do your homework after dinner. ((错)请晚饭后继续做作业。)

doing:持续做某事/一直做某事

She keeps practicing the piano every day after school. (她每天放学后一直坚持练钢琴。)

📗 enjoy

to do:(错误用法)享受要去做

I enjoy to play video games on weekends. ((错)我喜欢周末玩电子游戏。)

doing:喜欢/享受做某事

I enjoy playing video games with my friends on weekends. (我喜欢周末和朋友一起玩电子游戏。)

06

PART 06

六、介词/副词动词短语(Phrasal Verbs)—— 160 条

💡 独家记忆法:按介词分组记:off/on/up/down/away/over 这些小介词像“方向标”——look up(向上查=查阅),put away(放远=收好)

🎯 独家考点警示:⚠️ 这类短语在完形填空中经常作为选项出现;⚠️ 部分短语有及物/不及物两种形式,注意宾语放在中间还是后面(put it on vs put on the coat)

★★★1.take off  —  脱掉;起飞【5·off-分离类】

Take off your coat before entering the classroom. (进教室前脱掉外套。)

★★★2.put off  —  推迟;延期【6·off-延期类】

We had to put off the picnic because of the rain. (因为下雨我们不得不推迟野餐。)

★★★3.turn off  —  关掉【3·off-关闭类】

Please turn off the light when you leave the room. (你离开房间时请关灯。)

★★★4.show off  —  炫耀;显摆【5·off-炫耀类】

He always shows off his new toys to his classmates. (他总是向同学炫耀新玩具。)

★★★5.break off  —  折断;中断【6·off-断裂类】

The branch broke off when I climbed the tree. (我爬树时树枝断了。)

★★★6.cut off  —  切断;隔绝【6·off-切断类】

The storm cut off the electricity for several hours. (暴风雨切断了电力好几个小时。)

★★★7.drop off  —  掉落;让某人下车【4·off-落下类】

My dad drops me off at school every morning. (我爸爸每天早上送我到学校下车。)

★★★8.get off  —  下车;离开【3·off-离开类】

Please get off the bus at the next stop. (请在下一站下车。)

★★★9.go off  —  离开;爆炸【5·off-出发类】

The fire alarm went off during the assembly. (集会时火警响了。)

★★★10.knock off  —  停止;下班【6·off-停止类】

Let’s knock off early and go home today. (今天我们早点下班回家吧。)

★★★11.let off  —  释放;原谅【6·off-释放类】

The teacher let the student off this time because it was an accident. (这次老师放过了那个学生因为是意外。)

★★★12.ring off  —  挂断电话【6·off-电话类】

I have to ring off now, my mom is calling me. (我得挂电话了,妈妈在叫我。)

★★★13.shut off  —  关掉;切断【4·off-关闭类】

Shut off the water after you brush your teeth. (刷完牙后关掉水龙头。)

★★★14.switch off  —  关掉(电器)【3·off-电器类】

Don’t forget to switch off the TV before bed. (睡觉前别忘了关掉电视。)

★★★15.wear off  —  磨损;消失【6·off-磨损类】

The ink on this paper will wear off over time. (这张纸上的墨水会随时间消退。)

★★★16.come off  —  脱落;成功【5·off-脱落类】

The sticker came off my notebook easily. (贴纸很容易就从我笔记本上脱落了。)

★★★17.fall off  —  从...跌落【3·off-跌落类】

Don’t climb too high or you might fall off. (别爬太高,不然可能会摔下来。)

★★★18.move off  —  出发;离开【5·off-出发类】

The bus moved off before I could catch it. (公交车在我赶上车之前开走了。)

★★★19.send off  —  送别;寄出【6·off-送别类】

We went to the airport to send off our exchange student. (我们去机场送别我们的交换生。)

out 短语

★★★20.look out  —  小心;向外看【3·out-警告类】

Look out! There’s a car coming. (小心!有车来了。)

★★21.find out  —  查明;发现【3·out-发现类】

Let’s find out who ate my cookies. (让我们找出谁吃了我的饼干。)

★★22.work out  —  解决;锻炼【5·out-解决类】

I work out with my dad every Saturday morning. (我每周六早上和爸爸一起锻炼。)

★★23.take out  —  取出;带出去【3·out-取出类】

Please take out your books and turn to page 50. (请取出书本翻到第50页。)

★★24.put out  —  扑灭;伸出【4·out-熄灭类】

Firefighters quickly put out the fire in the kitchen. (消防员很快扑灭了厨房里的火。)

★★25.turn out  —  结果是;关掉【5·out-结果类】

It turned out that he was my cousin. (结果他原来是我的表兄弟。)

★★26.check out  —  结账;查看【5·out-查看类】

Let’s go check out the new bookstore downtown. (我们去看看市中心那家新书店吧。)

★★27.carry out  —  执行;完成【6·out-执行类】

We carried out the science experiment successfully. (我们成功完成了科学实验。)

★★28.figure out  —  弄清楚;算出【5·out-计算类】

Can you figure out this math problem? (你能算出这道数学题吗?)

★★29.point out  —  指出【4·out-指出类】

The teacher pointed out my mistake on the test. (老师指出了我试卷上的错误。)

★★30.set out  —  出发;开始【6·out-出发类】

We set out early in the morning to hike the mountain. (我们一大早就出发去爬山。)

★★31.leave out  —  遗漏;省略【5·out-遗漏类】

You left out a sentence when you copied the paragraph. (你抄段落时漏了一句话。)

★★32.run out  —  用完;耗尽【4·out-耗尽类】

We ran out of juice, can you buy some more? (我们果汁喝完了,你能再买一些吗?)

★★33.bring out  —  推出;使明显【5·out-显现类】

The sun brings out the colors in the flowers. (阳光使花朵的颜色更鲜艳了。)

★★34.clean out  —  清理;彻底打扫【5·out-清理类】

I need to clean out my closet this weekend. (这个周末我需要清理衣柜。)

★★35.clear out  —  清出;搬走【5·out-清理类】

Let’s clear out all the old books from the shelf. (我们把书架上的旧书都清走吧。)

★★36.come out  —  出版;出现【4·out-出现类】

When does the new Harry Potter book come out? (新版哈利波特书什么时候出版?)

★★37.hand out  —  分发【3·out-分发类】

Please hand out these worksheets to the students. (请把这些练习本分发给学生。)

★★38.hang out  —  闲逛;常去【4·out-社交类】

My friends and I hang out at the park on weekends. (我和朋友们周末常在公园闲逛。)

★★39.help out  —  帮忙;搭把手【4·out-帮助类】

Can you help out at the school fair this Saturday? (这周六你能帮学校义卖会的忙吗?)

★★40.kick out  —  踢出;驱逐【6·out-驱逐类】

The bad kid was kicked out of the club. (那个坏孩子被踢出了俱乐部。)

★41.knock out  —  击倒;使昏厥【6·out-击倒类】

The champion knocked out his opponent in the first round. (冠军在第一回合就击倒了对手。)

★42.lay out  —  摆放;布置【5·out-摆放类】

Mom laid out my school uniform on the bed. (妈妈把我的校服摆在床上。)

★43.pick out  —  挑选出【3·out-挑选类】

Can you pick out your favorite candy? (你能挑出你最喜欢的糖果吗?)

★44.pour out  —  倒出;倾诉【5·out-倾倒类】

She poured out all her worries to her best friend. (她把所有烦恼都向好朋友倾诉了。)

★45.pull out  —  拉出;退出【5·out-拉出类】

The dentist pulled out my loose tooth yesterday. (牙医昨天帮我拔掉了松动的牙。)

★46.push out  —  推出;驱逐【6·out-推出类】

They pushed out the old furniture to make room for new ones. (他们把旧家具推出去给新的腾地方。)

★47.roll out  —  铺开;推出【6·out-铺开类】

The company rolled out its new product last month. (公司上个月推出了新产品。)

★48.sort out  —  整理;解决【4·out-整理类】

Let’s sort out these books by subject. (我们按科目整理这些书吧。)

★49.spread out  —  铺开;展开【5·out-展开类】

Spread out the picnic blanket on the grass. (把野餐毯铺在草地上。)

★50.stick out  —  伸出;显眼【5·out-伸出类】

Don’t stick your head out of the car window. (别把脑袋伸出车窗。)

★51.try out  —  试用;参加选拔【5·out-试用类】

I’m going to try out for the school basketball team. (我要去参加学校篮球队的选拔。)

★52.wash out  —  洗净;冲掉【4·out-清洗类】

Make sure to wash out the paintbrushes after painting. (画完后一定要把画笔洗干净。)

★53.watch out  —  小心;注意【3·out-警告类】

Watch out for bikes when crossing the street. (过马路时注意自行车。)

★54.wipe out  —  擦掉;消灭【5·out-清除类】

Please wipe out the chalkboard before class. (上课前请擦干净黑板。)

★55.write out  —  写出;全部写出【4·out-书写类】

You must write out your answers clearly in the test. (考试时你必须清楚地写出答案。)

★56.send out  —  发送;发出【5·out-发送类】

The school sent out the report cards last week. (学校上周发出了成绩单。)

★57.make out  —  辨认;勉强看清【6·out-辨认类】

Can you make out that sign in the distance? (你能看清远处的那个标志吗?)

in 短语

★58.come in  —  进来【3·in-进入类】

May I come in? The door is open. (我可以进来吗?门开着。)

★59.go in  —  进入【3·in-进入类】

Let’s go in and take a look at the museum. (我们进去看看博物馆吧。)

★60.look in  —  朝...里面看;顺便看望【4·in-查看类】

Look in the box, I think your toy is there. (朝盒子里看,我觉得你的玩具在那里。)

★61.take in  —  吸收;理解【5·in-吸收类】

Plants take in carbon dioxide from the air. (植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳。)

★62.put in  —  放入;投入【4·in-放入类】

Put in two spoons of sugar and mix well. (放两勺糖然后搅拌均匀。)

★63.turn in  —  上交;睡觉【4·in-上交类】

Please turn in your homework before Friday. (请在周五前上交作业。)

★64.check in  —  登记入住;签到【4·in-登记类】

We need to check in at the hotel before 3 pm. (我们需要在下午3点前登记入住酒店。)

★65.hand in  —  上交【3·in-上交类】

Don’t forget to hand in your assignment tomorrow. (明天别忘了交作业。)

★66.hold in  —  忍住;控制住【5·in-控制类】

He held in his laughter during the serious meeting. (在严肃的会议中他忍住了笑。)

★67.keep in  —  留在室内;记住【4·in-保留类】

We had to keep in all day because of the heavy rain. (因为大雨我们只能整天待在室内。)

★68.kick in  —  开始生效;踢入【6·in-生效类】

The medicine will kick in after about 30 minutes. (这药大约30分钟后开始生效。)

★69.let in  —  让...进来;使渗入【4·in-允许类】

Please let the dog in, it’s raining outside. (请让狗进来,外面在下雨。)

★70.pull in  —  进站;拉入【5·in-进站类】

The train pulled in exactly on time. (火车准时进站了。)

★71.push in  —  挤入;推入【4·in-挤入类】

Don’t push in at the bus stop, wait in line. (别在公交站挤上车,排队等候。)

★72.shut in  —  关在里面【5·in-封闭类】

I accidentally shut the cat in the bedroom. (我不小心把猫关在了卧室里。)

★73.stay in  —  待在家里【4·in-停留类】

I think I’ll stay in tonight and watch a movie. (我想今晚待在家里看电影。)

★74.step in  —  介入;走进【6·in-介入类】

The teacher stepped in to stop the fight. (老师介入制止了打架。)

★75.stick in  —  插入;卡住【5·in-插入类】

A splinter stuck in my finger. (一根木刺扎进了我的手指。)

★76.throw in  —  扔进;额外奉送【5·in-扔进类】

The shop threw in a free gift with my purchase. (商店给我的购买额外送了一份礼物。)

★77.try in  —  试穿(衣物)【4·in-试穿类】

You can try in the shoes before buying. (你买之前可以试穿一下鞋子。)

★78.walk in  —  走进;未经邀请进入【3·in-进入类】

The door was unlocked, so we just walked in. (门没锁,所以我们直接走进去了。)

★79.wrap in  —  包裹;笼罩【4·in-包裹类】

Wrap the sandwich in plastic wrap. (用保鲜膜把三明治包起来。)

★80.draw in  —  吸入;拉近【5·in-吸引类】

The teacher drew me in to help with the party preparations. (老师拉我帮忙准备聚会。)

★81.fill in  —  填写;填满【3·in-填写类】

Please fill in your name on the form. (请在表格上填写你的名字。)

★82.get in  —  进入;到达【4·in-进入类】

How did the cat get in through the small hole? (猫是怎么通过那个小洞进来的?)

★83.get involved in  —  参与;卷入【5·in-参与类】

I want to get involved in more school activities this year. (今年我想参与更多学校活动。)

★84.live in  —  居住在【3·in-居住类】

My grandparents live in a small village. (我祖父母住在一个小村庄里。)

★85.move in  —  搬入【5·in-搬入类】

Our new neighbors moved in last week. (我们的新邻居上周搬进来了。)

★86.ring in  —  打电话进来;鸣钟迎接【5·in-打电话类】

Listeners keep ringing in to win prizes. (听众不断打电话进来赢奖品。)

★87.set in  —  开始;降临(坏天气)【5·in-开始类】

The cold winter has set in early this year. (今年寒冷的冬天来得早。)

★88.sign in  —  签到;签署【4·in-签署类】

All visitors must sign in at the front desk. (所有访客必须在前台签到。)

★89.tune in  —  收听;收看【5·in-收听类】

Tune in tomorrow at 8 o’clock for the new show. (明天8点收看新节目。)

★90.welcome in  —  欢迎进入【4·in-欢迎类】

Welcome in! Please make yourself at home. (欢迎进来!请随意,别拘束。)

up 短语

★91.look up  —  查阅;抬头看【3·up-查阅类】

Look up the word in your dictionary if you don’t know it. (如果不认识这个词就查字典。)

★92.put up  —  张贴;搭建【3·up-张贴类】

We put up posters for the school play. (我们为学校话剧张贴海报。)

★93.take up  —  开始从事;占据【4·up-开始类】

I want to take up painting as a hobby. (我想把画画作为爱好。)

★94.turn up  —  出现;调大(音量)【3·up-调大类】

Turn up the radio, I can’t hear it. (把收音机音量调大,我听不到。)

★95.pick up  —  捡起;接人【3·up-拾取类】

Please pick up the toys on the floor. (请把地上的玩具捡起来。)

★96.make up  —  化妆;编造【4·up-编造类】

Don’t make up stories to fool others. (别编造故事骗人。)

★97.give up  —  放弃【3·up-放弃类】

Never give up trying to achieve your dreams. (永远不要放弃追求梦想。)

★98.wake up  —  醒来【3·up-醒类】

I wake up at 6:30 every morning. (我每天早上6:30醒来。)

★99.get up  —  起床【3·up-起床类】

Time to get up and get ready for school. (该起床准备上学了。)

★100.dress up  —  装扮【3·up-装扮类】

The kids love to dress up as superheroes for Halloween. (孩子们喜欢在万圣节装扮成超级英雄。)

★101.stand up  —  站起来【3·up-站立类】

Please stand up when the teacher comes in. (老师进来时请起立。)

★102.sit up  —  坐直;熬夜【3·up-坐姿类】

Sit up straight, don’t slouch. (坐直,别驼背。)

★103.eat up  —  吃光【3·up-吃光类】

Eat up your vegetables, they’re good for you. (把蔬菜吃光,它们对你有好处。)

★104.drink up  —  喝完【3·up-喝完类】

Drink up your milk before it gets cold. (趁牛奶没凉把它喝完。)

★105.use up  —  用完【4·up-耗尽类】

We used up all the paper, we need more. (我们把纸用完了,需要更多。)

★106.clean up  —  打扫干净【3·up-清洁类】

Let’s clean up the classroom before we leave. (我们离开前打扫干净教室。)

★107.tidy up  —  整理【3·up-整理类】

Please tidy up your room before dinner. (晚饭前请整理好你的房间。)

★108.fix up  —  修理;布置【5·up-修理类】

Dad fixed up my old bicycle for me. (爸爸把我的旧自行车修好了。)

★109.write up  —  写出详细报告【5·up-书写类】

You need to write up the science experiment results. (你需要写出科学实验的详细结果。)

★110.speak up  —  大声说;说出意见【4·up-说话类】

Speak up, I can’t hear you at the back. (大声说,我在后面听不到你。)

★111.slow up  —  减速【4·up-减速类】

Slow up, there’s a speed limit sign ahead. (减速,前面有限速标志。)

★112.speed up  —  加速【4·up-加速类】

Speed up a little, we’re running late. (稍微加速一点,我们快迟到了。)

★113.light up  —  点亮;使明亮【5·up-点亮类】

The fireworks lit up the night sky beautifully. (烟花把夜空照得很漂亮。)

★114.shut up  —  闭嘴;关紧【3·up-关闭类】

Shut up the window, it’s windy outside. (关上窗户,外面有风。)

★115.end up  —  最终成为;结果是【5·up-结果类】

We ended up ordering pizza for dinner. (我们最后点了披萨当晚饭。)

★116.show up  —  出现;露面【4·up-出现类】

He didn’t show up to the party yesterday. (他昨天没出现在聚会上。)

★117.come up  —  走近;发芽【4·up-上升类】

Flowers are coming up in the garden now. (花园里现在鲜花发芽了。)

★118.bring up  —  抚养;提起【4·up-抚养类】

My mom brought me up to be honest. (我妈妈从小教育我要诚实。)

★119.catch up  —  赶上【4·up-追赶类】

I need to catch up on my reading this weekend. (这个周末我需要补读完的书。)

★120.cheer up  —  使高兴;振作起来【4·up-鼓励类】

Cheer up! Don’t be sad about the test. (振作起来!别为考试难过。)

★121.face up  —  勇敢面对【6·up-面对类】

You need to face up to your mistakes. (你需要勇敢面对你的错误。)

★122.grow up  —  长大【3·up-成长类】

What do you want to be when you grow up? (你长大后想做什么?)

★123.hold up  —  举起;阻挡【3·up-举起类】

Please hold up your hand if you know the answer. (知道答案请举手。)

★124.keep up  —  保持;跟上【4·up-保持类】

You need to keep up with your classmates. (你需要跟上同学们的进度。)

★125.line up  —  排队【3·up-排队类】

Line up, class! We’re going to the playground. (排队,同学们!我们去操场。)

away 短语

★126.run away  —  逃跑;跑开【3·away-逃跑类】

Don’t run away from your problems. (别逃避你的问题。)

★127.go away  —  走开【3·away-离开类】

Go away, I want to be alone for a while. (走开,我想一个人待一会儿。)

★128.take away  —  拿走;带走【3·away-拿走类】

Please take away these empty bottles. (请把这些空瓶子拿走。)

★129.move away  —  搬走【4·away-搬家类】

My best friend moved away to another city. (我最好的朋友搬到另一个城市去了。)

★130.throw away  —  扔掉【3·away-丢弃类】

Don’t throw away the recyclable bottles. (别扔掉可回收的瓶子。)

★131.give away  —  赠送;泄露【4·away-赠送类】

She gave away all her old clothes to charity. (她把所有旧衣服都捐给了慈善机构。)

★132.put away  —  收好;放好【3·away-整理类】

Put away your books before you go to bed. (睡觉前把书收好。)

★133.clear away  —  清除;收拾【4·away-清理类】

Please clear away the dishes after dinner. (晚饭后请收拾好餐具。)

★134.cut away  —  切掉【6·away-切除类】

The doctor cut away the infected part of the skin. (医生切掉了皮肤感染的部分。)

★135.drive away  —  开走;赶走【5·away-驱赶类】

The car drove away before I could catch up. (车在我追上之前就开走了。)

★136.fade away  —  逐渐消失【5·away-消失类】

The pain faded away after I took some medicine. (吃了药后疼痛逐渐消失了。)

★137.fly away  —  飞走【3·away-飞行类】

The birds flew away when they heard the noise. (鸟儿们听到声音就飞走了。)

★138.get away  —  逃脱;离开【5·away-逃脱类】

We hope to get away to the beach next weekend. (我们希望下周末能去海滩。)

★139.hide away  —  躲藏;隐藏【4·away-隐藏类】

The children hid away in the closet during the game. (游戏时孩子们躲在衣橱里。)

★140.keep away  —  远离【4·away-远离类】

Keep away from the dangerous dog. (远离那只危险的狗。)

★141.lay away  —  储存;保留【6·away-储存类】

Grandma lays away vegetables for winter each year. (奶奶每年储存蔬菜过冬。)

★142.lock away  —  锁起来【4·away-锁存类】

We lock away the valuables when we go on vacation. (我们度假时把贵重物品锁起来。)

★143.pass away  —  去世【5·away-去世类】

My grandfather passed away last year. (我爷爷去年去世了。)

★144.right away  —  立刻;马上【3·away-立即类】

I’ll help you right away, just wait a minute. (我马上帮你,等一下。)

★145.scare away  —  吓跑【4·away-吓跑类】

The loud noise scared away the squirrels. (巨大的噪音吓跑了松鼠。)

★146.shut away  —  隔离;关起来【5·away-隔离类】

She shut herself away in her room to study. (她把自己关在房间里学习。)

★147.sleep away  —  睡过去【4·away-睡眠类】

I can’t believe I slept away the whole morning! (真不敢相信我睡过了一整个上午!)

★148.stash away  —  秘密存放【6·away-藏匿类】

The kids stashed away their candy for later. (孩子们把糖果藏起来以后再吃。)

★149.store away  —  储存起来【5·away-储存类】

We store away warm clothes in summer. (我们夏天把冬装收起来。)

★150.sweep away  —  扫走;清除【5·away-清扫类】

The flood swept away everything in its path. (洪水冲走了沿途的一切。)

★151.trap away  —  困住【6·away-困住类】

The hikers were trapped away in the snowstorm for three days. (徒步旅行者在暴风雪中被困了三天。)

★152.turn away  —  拒绝;转身离开【4·away-拒绝类】

They turned away at the door because they didn’t have tickets. (他们因为没票在门口被拒之门外。)

★153.walk away  —  走开;离开【3·away-离开类】

Don’t walk away from a fight, stand up for yourself. (不要逃避冲突,为自己站出来。)

★154.wash away  —  冲走;洗掉【5·away-清洗类】

The heavy rain washed away all the footprints. (大雨冲走了所有脚印。)

★155.wear away  —  磨损;消逝【5·away-磨损类】

The steps have worn away after years of use. (台阶经过多年使用已经磨损了。)

★156.write away  —  写信索取【6·away-写信类】

I wrote away for a free sample of the new cereal. (我写信索取新麦片的免费样品。)

down 短语

★157.write down  —  写下;记下【3·down-记录类】

Please write down the important words in your notebook. (请把重要的单词写在笔记本上。)

★158.slow down  —  减速【4·down-减速类】

Slow down your speech so everyone can follow. (慢点说让大家都能跟上。)

★159.cut down  —  砍倒;减少【4·down-减少类】

We cut down the old tree in the yard yesterday. (我们昨天砍倒了院子里的老树。)

★160.turn down  —  调小音量;拒绝【4·down-调小类】

Turn down the music, it’s too loud for our little sister. (把音乐声调小,对小妹妹来说太吵了。)

最后,想说三句话

第一句给孩子:

英语从来不是一门“背下来才能用好”的课。你今天背的三个短语,明天就能在课文里找到它们,后天就能在作文里用上它们——这就是英语最有意思的地方:学了就能用,用了就能记得更牢。

第二句给家长:

别跟孩子说“把这 500 条都背了”。试试每天只让他背 3 条——就 3 条,不多不少,背完就玩。一个月后,他能脱口而出 90 条;三个月后,这 500 条他至少见过 3 遍。不贪多,才是最聪明的办法。

第三句给我们俩:

语言学习的本质不是记忆规则,而是建立感觉。当孩子能脱口而出 “I look forward to meeting you” 而不是 “I look forward to meet you”,当他能写出 “He gave up smoking to protect his health”——那种感觉,不是背出来的,是用出来的。

会一个短语,比会十个单词更有用。

愿这份大全,能成为你们英语路上最实用的一本小书。

每天 15 分钟,动词短语轻松搞定!整理不易,建议收藏打印。

加油,小朋友和家长们!

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