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2023 年高考英语二轮复习讲义+分层训练（全国通用）
06.情态动词与虚拟语气
1. The new test should ____ doctors to detect the disease early.
A. able B. enable C. disable D. unable
2. Only when you have contracted the virus ________ the correctness of advice that, unless you are strong enough
to get over it of yourself, you ________ be vaccinated.
A. you will recognize; need to B. will you recognize; are to
C. you will recognize; must D. will you recognize; should
3. —It’s 7:30 and he hasn’t taken the nucleic acid test yet!
—Well, he ________.
A. ought to B. oughtn’t to have C. ought to have D. ought to have to
4. - Will my car be ready by the end of this week?
- It ________ be, sir. I will give you a call if it is ready.
A. should B. shall C. would D. must
5. —Can I please have a little more time?
—No, you_________. The test time is up.
A. can’t B. couldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t
6. — You burned your face and arms.
—Yes, I in the shade like all the other tourists at noon.
A. should be B. must have been C. must be D. should have been
7. When reading The Road Not Taken, one cannot help but ________ in one’s mind images of a peaceful wood
deep within the countryside.
A. seeing B. to see C. see D. seen
8. I heard that your team won the football match yesterday afternoon. You ______ have performed quite well.
A. can B. must C. should D. need
9. Your cousin ________ his trip in Jixian County, didn’t he? He looks amazingly different.
A. will have enjoyed B. should have enjoyed
C. can have enjoyed D. must have enjoyed
10. Technology is supposed to make our lives easier, but it________ also be depressing at times.A. should B. will C. can D. must
11. Living and working with others ______ sometimes be complicated, and humour makes this easier.
A. must B. can C. should D. need
12. You ______ some moments when you were disappointed. If so, how did you deal with them?
A. must be having B. must have had C. must have D. must had
13. There was no sign of a break-in, so the thieves ________ someone on the inside helping them.
A. must have had B. could have had
C. needn’t have had D. might have
14. —________ you make a little less noise please? I’m trying to work.
—Oh. sorry.
A. Must B. Need C. Should D. Can
15. The change in climate may________our mood.
A. affect B. affects C. effect D. effects
16. —Who’s singing in the next room? Is it Lucy?
—It ______ be her. She has gone to New York.
A. can’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. won’t
17. — See to it that the door ________ before you go to bed.
—But the door just ________ close.
A. is fastened… doesn’t B. is fastened…won’t
C. will be fastened… won’t D. will be fastened… doesn’t
18. Walking alone in the deserted town, John felt his blood running cold. He thought he _________ Tom to go with
him.
A. might ask B. should ask C. should have asked D. might have asked
19. A police spokesman said if the man had gone much further in opening the letter, he _________ killed.
A. may be B. could have been C. would be D. should have been
20. Whatever Brad said _________ have made her angry because she totally lost her temper.
A. might B. must C. would D. should
21. —I wonder why Mr Green hasn’t showed up at the meeting yet.
—I’m not sure, but he ________ in a traffic jam driving here.
A. could be stuck B. might stuck
C. might have been stuck D. must have stuck22. — Oh, my God! I just missed the last bus back home.
—That’s really bad. I’m sure you it, but you just didn’t hurry up.
A. should have caught B. could have caught C. could catch D. can catch
23. — Tom is still unhappy today.
— It’s all your fault. You ______ to him yesterday for your mindless mistake.
A. should apologize B. should have apologized
C. shouldn’t have apologized D. must apologize
24. I ________ have finished the report without your timely help. Thank you so much!
A. could B. couldn’t C. must D. mustn’t
25. He ________ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.
A. should B. needn’t C. must D. can’t
26. —A man answered the phone. I suppose it was her husband.
—It ______ her husband. He has been dead for ages.
A. mustn’t be B. couldn’t have been C. may not have been D. mustn’t have been
27. —Few of my fellows passed the politics quiz this time on campus.
—How come? It ________ tough.
A. should be B. might be
C. must have been D. could have been
28. It is unbelievable that such an excellent football team ________have failed in the finals.
A. would B. must C. should D. could
29. The spokesman did not regret what he had said at the conference but felt that he ________ it indirectly.
A. could express B. would express C. could have expressedD. must have expressed
30. We showed up early and had to wait two hours before the ceremony began. We ________.
A. shouldn’t hurry B. needn’t have hurriedC. mustn’t have hurriedD. wouldn’t hurry
31. — Where are you going for your holidays this summer?
— Well, it’s not been decided. I ______go to the countryside to see my parents.
A. might B. need C. can D. must
32. His appearance has changed so much that you ________ not recognize him.
A. may well B. may as well C. maybe D. should
33. Public health experts kept telling citizens it was of utmost importance that social distancing and hygiene habits
________ amid the pandemic.A. were to be kept B. had to be kept
C. must be kept D. should be kept
34. Just as I was hurrying to class, there ________ come Tom with a long story to tell you.
A. could B. must C. might D. would
35. We are surprised that his prediction about the experiment result ________ be so precise.
A. should B. could C. must D. will
36. The school adviser recommended he ________the lost time.
A. made of B. can make it C. making up D. make up for
37. He insisted that he________ in good health and________ to work there.
A. was; be sent B. is; be sent
C. is; was sent D. was; send
38. It is demanded that every student in Zhixin High School ________ themselves to studying.
A. devotes B. devoted C. is devoted D. devote
39. Helen recommended that I ______ receive further education.
A. was sent to B. sent to C. was sending to D. be sent to
40. It _____ that every student _____ for at least 30 minutes every day.
A. is recommended, work out B. recommends, works out
C. is recommended, works out D. is recommending, work out
41. It is strongly recommended that the date ________ by two days.
A. should advance B. be advanced
C. has been advanced D. is advanced
42. I advised that he ________ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he ________ quite well then.
A. was sent; felt B. be sent; was feeling
C. be sent; feel D. should be sent; should feel
43. If he had not gone out in the storm, he ________ alive now.
A. will be B. would be C. would have been D. is
44. All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ___ badly wounded and that he ___ at once.
A. shouldn’t be; be operated on B. were; must be operated on
C. was; should be operated D. was; be operated on
45. His suggestion, according to the article he wrote for the Post, is that organic farming ________ to guarantee the
quality of both plants and the soil.A. be adopted B. is adjusted
C. should be adapted D. can be attained
46. At the routine office meeting, the headmaster insisted the problems ______ paid special attention to.
A. referred to being B. referred to be C. refer to being D. refer to be
47. A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund _________ to raise money.
A. establishes B. established C. be established D. will establish
48. The manager recommended that the fresh graduate ______ a chance.
A. be given B. should give
C. would be given D. should be giving
49. The professor highly recommends that we________the hardest task first________we can avoid
procrastination(拖延).
A. deal with, so that B. must deal with, so
C. should deal with, so as to D. be dealt with, in order that
50. Our headteacher treats us ________ we were her own children.
A. even if B. even though C. as if D. if only
51. The school recommends parents________ their children to swim in rivers or lakes during summer holidays.
A. not permit B. do not permit
C. mustn’t permit D. couldn’t permit
52. ______ the picture of the popular singer, I would show it to you right now.
A. I had taken B. Did I take C. Had I taken D. I took
53. If you ________ that late movie last night, you wouldn’t be so sleepy now.
A. haven’t watched B. hadn’t watched C. didn’t watch D. wouldn’t have watched
54. The order came that all the small coal mines ________down in half a year.
A. would be closed B. should be closed C. must be closed D. would close
55. —Have you ever been to the Great Wall?
—No, but I wish I ________.
A. will B. have C. did D. had
56. ________the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily
A. Had it not been for B. If it were not C. If it had not been forD. Were it not for
57. ________ what was going to happen next, I would never have left her alone.
A. Had I known B. If I know C. If I knew D. If had I known58. My demand was that the information referred to in my report ________to Mr. Brown without delay.
A. should email B. emailed C. must be emailed D. be e-mailed
59. I can’t stand the young man sitting in the front. He always talks as though he ________ everything.
A. knew B. knows C. has known D. had known
60. Linda couldn’t have answered the question so easily if she ________ a few books on world history before
hand.
A. hadn’t read B. hasn’t read C. wouldn’t have read D. didn’t read
61. Thomas can take his motor apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he ________ me how.
A. teaches B. will teach C. has taught D. would teach
62. The new traffic law requires that everyone ________ his or her car checked at least once a year.
A. has B. had C. will have D. have
63. How I wish I ________ to repair the cellphone! I only made it worse.
A. had tried B. hadn’t tried C. have tried D. didn’t try
64. My suggestion is that more people from all walks of life________ to finance the Project with their deeper love
for these children.
A. be encouraged B. are encouraged C. were encouraged D. should encourage
65. It is essential that these application forms ________ back as early as possible.
A. are sent B. be sent C. will be sent D. should send
66. If he ________ to the teacher attentively yesterday, he ________ the answer to the problem now.
A. had listened; would have known B. listened; would know
C. listened; would have known D. had listened; would know
67. If only I ________ an umbrella last night! I was wet through.
A. took B. should take C. had taken D. take
68. ________ the traffic jam on the highway, we should have arrived at the stadium earlier.
A. In spite of B. Because of C. But for D. Due to
69. Sorry, I am too busy at the moment. If I ________free, I would certainly go for a walk with you.
A. have been B. had been C. am D. were
70. It was demanded that the working conditions in that area ________ as soon as possible.
A. must improve B. improve C. was improved D. be improved
71. Look at the situation I’m in. If only I ________ your advice earlier!
A. took B. would take C. had taken D. should take72. The professor insisted that his solution________more practical and that we________it into practice as soon as
possible.
A. was; put B. was; must put C. should be; put D. should be; put
73. --- I’ve told Jenny the truth about the new house.
---But I’d rather you ________.
A. didn’t B. hadn’t C. don’t D. wouldn’t
74. —Lily looks hot and dry today.
—So ________ you if you had so high a fever.
A. do B. are C. will D. would
75. If the ambulance had come here sooner last night, the patient ________now.
A. will be alive B. will have been alive C. would have been alive D. would be alive
76. This digital camera is of fine quality. If it ________ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our
expense.
A. would B. should C. could D. might
77. ________it rain this afternoon, the football match would be put off till next Friday.
A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will
78. Susan is going to deliver a speech about the culture of his country, but I’d rather she________ more on its
education.
A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused
79. But for your generous help, we ________ the task ahead of time.
A. would not fulfill B. would not have fulfilled
C. would fulfill D. would have fulfilled
80. ________ his phone number yesterday, I would have called him up.
A. Should he know B. Were I to know C. Had I known D. Have I known
参考答案
1. B
【解析】考查动词。句意：这种新的检测方法将使医生能够及早发现这种疾病。A. able能够的（形容词）；
B. enable使能够（动词）；C. disable使……失去能力（动词）；D. unable不能的（形容词）。情态动词
should后接动词原形。enable sb. to do sth.使某人能够做某事。故选B。
2. D【解析】考查倒装句和情态动词。句意：只有当你感染了病毒，你才会认识到建议的正确性，除非你足够
强壮来克服它，你应该接种疫苗。本处only在句首，后面跟了做状语的when，主句用部分倒装结构，即
将will 提至主语 you 之前，故空处一用will you recognize；分析可知，本句表示“除非你足够强壮来克服
它，否则你应该接种疫苗”，故空处二表示“应该”，用should符合题意；故选D项。
3. C
【解析】考查情态动词+have done。句意：——已经7:30了，他还没有去做核酸！——是的，他本应该去
做的。根据句意可知，此处意为“本应该做，却没做……”，应用情态动词+have done，表达为ought to
have done，故此处答语应为“Well, he ought to have (taken it)”，故选C。
4. A
【解析】考查情态动词表推测的用法。句意：——我的车这周末能准备好吗？——应该能，先生，如果准
备好了我会给你打电话的。A. should应该会；B. shall将会；C. would将；D. must一定。根据句意，本处
表示肯定的推测，根据“I will give you a call if it is ready.”可知，此处指非常有可能的事，用should符合语
境。故选A项。
5. C
【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：——能再给我一点时间吗？——不，你不可以。考试时间到了。
A. can’t不能；B. couldn’t不能；C. mustn’t不准，禁止；D. needn’t不需要。由“The test time is up”可知，
此处表示“禁止”，因此空格处是mustn’t。故选C。
6. D
【解析】考查“情态动词+have done”的用法。句意：——你的脸和胳膊都晒伤了。——是的，我应该像其
他游客一样在中午的时候待在阴凉处。分析句子且根据句意可知，空处是在表示“过去本该做某事（而实
际上未做）”，站在现在的角度上评说过去的事情，所以应填should have done，表示“本应该做（而实际
未做）”。故选D项。
7. C
【解析】考查动词。句意：当阅读《未走的路》时，人们不禁会在脑海中看到乡村深处一片宁静的树林。
分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：can’t help but do sth.意为“忍不住要做”，空处需填动词原形。故选
C项。
8. B
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：听说你们队赢得了昨天下午的足球比赛。你肯定表现很不错。根据I heard
that your team won the football match yesterday afternoon可知，球队已经获胜，由此可推断球队表现好的可
能性是很大的。must have done表示对过去事实肯定的推测。故选B项。9. D
【解析】考查情态动词+have done。句意：你表弟在蓟县的旅行一定很愉快，是吗?他看起来很不一样。根
据“He looks amazingly different.”可知，他看起来很不一样。表示对过去事实肯定的推测，用must have
done。故选D项。
10. C
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：科技应该让我们的生活更轻松，但它有时也会让人沮丧。根据句意可
知，此处表示情态动词的推测功能，can表示理论可能、有时可能。故选C。
11. B
【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：与他人一起生活和工作有时会很复杂，幽默让这变得更容易。A.
must必须；B. can可能；C. should应该；D. need需要。根据句意和语境，此处表达“可能”，can符合题
意。故选B项。
12. B
【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：你一定有过失望的时候。如果有，你是怎么处理的？由“If so, how
did you deal with them”可知，句子表示“你一定有过失望的时候。如果有，你是怎么处理的”，由did可知，
空格处是对过去的肯定推测，用must have done，故选B。
13. A
【解析】考查情态动词表对过去的推测。句意：没有破门而入的痕迹，所以小偷一定有内部人员帮助他们。
A. must have had过去一定有；B. could have had本可以有（却没有）；C. needn’t have had本不需要有；D.
might have可能有。由“There was no sign of a break”可知，句子表示“没有破门而入的痕迹，所以小偷一
定有内部人员帮助他们”，空格处是对过去的肯定推测，表示“过去一定有”，用must have had，故选
A。
14. D
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：——你能小点声吗?我在努力工作。——哦。对不起。A. Must必须；B.
Need需要；C. Should应该；D. Can能够。根据“I’m trying to work.”可知，希望对方能够小声一点。故选
D。
15. A
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：气候的变化可能会影响我们的心情。A项和B项作为动词，意为“影响”；
C项和D项作为名词时，意为“影响”，情态动词 may之后，应该加动词原形。根据句意和语法逻辑，故
选A项。
16. A【解析】考查情态动词。句意：——谁在隔壁房间唱歌？这是露西吗？——不可能是她。她去纽约了。A.
can’t 不可能；B. shouldn’t不应该；C. mustn’t不允许，不准；D.won’t不会，将不。根据后句“She has
gone to New York.”可知，唱歌的人“不可能”是露西，此处考查查情态动词表示否定推测，应用can’t。故
选A项。
17. B
【解析】考查动词。句意：——你睡觉前一定要把门关好。——但是门就是关不上。句中fasten为动词，
意为“关紧，锁好”，此处the door与fasten之间是被动关系，同时表述的是客观事实故使用一般现在时
的被动语态。第二空中对无生命体，表示不能或者拒绝做某事，此时用won’t。故选B。
18. C
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：约翰独自走在无人的城镇里，感到毛骨悚然。他想他本应该叫汤姆和他一
起去。根据“felt”可知，此处使用一般过去时，排除A项和B项；might have done表示“对过去事实可能
性的推测”，表示“本应该做却没有做”使用should have done。故选C。
19. B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：一名警方发言人表示，如果这名男子在打开信的时候走得更远，他可能会
被杀死。此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，if条件句使用过去完成时，主句谓语动词使用could/
might/should/would have done，排除A项和C项，结合句意“可能会被杀”应用could have been，should表
示“应该”。故选B。
20. B
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：布拉德说的话一定让她很生气，因为她完全失控了。A. might可能；
B. must一定；C. would将会；D. should应该。根据“said”和“because she totally lost her temper.”可知，此
处表示“对过去事实的肯定推测”，需用must have done这种形式。故选B。
21. C
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：——我想知道为什么格林先生还没有出现在会议上。 ——我不确定，但
他可能是在驾车来这里被堵车了。A. could be stuck可能堵车了；B.might stuck可能堵车了；C. might have
been stuck可能堵车了；D.must have stuck一定是堵车了。此处表示对于过去已经发生的事情的推测应该用
情态动词的完成式，且根据句意可知，应用被动语态，故选C项。
22. B
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：——我的天啊!我刚刚错过了回家的末班车。——真的很糟糕。我相信你本
可以赶上它的，但你就是不快点。对过去事情的推测，用情态动词+have done。should have done 本应该做
而没做某事，强调“本来应该”；could have done 本可以做却没做某事，强调“本来可以”。故选B。23. B
【解析】考查情态动词+have done。句意：——汤姆今天仍然不高兴。——都是你的错。你昨天本应该为
你的愚蠢错误向他道歉。此处表示“本应该做某事而未做”应用should have done。故选B。
24. B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：没有你的及时帮助，我是不可能完成报告的。非常感谢！分析句子可知，
本句涉及without虚拟语气的用法，根据句意可知，本句是对过去情况的虚拟，表示与过去事实相反时，
谓语动词应为would/could/might (not) have done sth.，结合句意可知，空处应为couldn’t have finished，表示
“本不可能完成”。故选B项。
25. C
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：他一定已经完成了他的工作；否则，他不会在海边玩得很开心。A. should
应该；B. needn’t不必；C. must必须；一定；D. can’t不能。must have done一定做过某事，表示对过去事
情的较有把握的推测。根据“otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.”可知，他一定已经完
成了工作。故选C。
26. B
【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：——一个男人接的电话。我想是她的丈夫。——不可能是她丈夫。
他已经死了好多年了。A. mustn’t be禁止；B. couldn’t have been过去不可能是；C. may not have been也许
不是；D. mustn’t have been错误用法。由“He has been dead for ages”可知，接电话的不可能是他丈夫，表
示“过去不可能是”用couldn’t have been，故选B。
27. C
【解析】考查推测句。句意：——这次在校园里，我的同伴很少通过政治测验。——怎么会这样？这一定
很艰难。表示对过去情况的肯定推测用must have done (过去必定做了)形式。故选C项。
28. C
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：真难以置信，这样一支优秀的足球队居然在决赛中输了。A. would会，
总是；B. must一定，必须；C. should应该，居然；D. could能够，可能。结合句意此处表示“居然已经做
了某事”应用should。故选C。
29. C
【解析】考查情态动词+have done。句意：发言人对他在会上所说的话并不后悔，但觉得他本可以间接表
达出来。根据句意可知他觉得本来能够间接地表达（却没有那样做）。显然是对过去的事表示遗憾，因此
应该使用could have done，could have done用于肯定句，表示本来可以做却未做。故选C。
30. B【解析】考查动词。句意：我们到得很早，在仪式开始前等了两个小时。我们本不必这么匆忙。A. should
n’t hurry不该匆忙；B. needn’t have hurried本不该这么匆忙；C. mustn’t have hurried肯定不这么匆忙；D.
wouldn’t hurry将不这么匆忙。由语意可知，我们来得早，还等了两个小时，因此可知，我们不需要来这么
早，不必这么匆忙的，此处考查needn’t have done结构，表示“过去本不必要做但已经做了”。故选B项。
31. A
【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：——这个夏天你打算去哪里度假? ——嗯，还没决定呢。我可能
会去乡下看我的父母。A. might可能；B. need需要；C. can能；D. must必须。根据“it’s not been decided”
可知，去向为定，只是可能去乡下看父母，用情态动词might。故选A项。
32. A
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：他的外表变化太大了，你有可能认不出他。A. may well很可能；B. may as
well不妨；C. maybe也许；D. should应该。根据句意可知是表示很有可能的推测，B和D项语义不符，而
C项为副词与空格后的动词原形加否定词无法搭配；而A项为情态动词短语，后能接动词原形。故选A项。
33. C
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：公共卫生专家不断告诉公民，在流感大流行期间，保持社会距离和卫生习
惯是至关重要的。结合设空前后内容可知，在流感大流行期间，社交距离和卫生习惯的保持是必须的，一
定要做的，情态动词must“必须”，表示必要或很重要，keep与habits之间是被动关系，故选C。
34. B
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：就在我匆匆赶去上课的时候，汤姆偏偏来了，说有一个很长的故事要告诉
我。A. could能够；B. must 必须，一定，偏偏，非要；C. might表示许可，可能； D. would将要，愿意。
结合句意，是说我在匆忙去上课的路上，汤姆此时非要和我说事情，这里用must表示不快的心情，可以翻
译为“非得，偏偏”。故选B项。
35. A
【解析】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：我们很惊讶，他对实验结果的预测竟然如此准确。A. should竟然；
B. could能够；C. must必须；D. will将会。由“We are surprised”可知，句子表示“我们很惊讶，他对实验
结果的预测竟然如此准确”，空格处是“竟然”，故选A。
36. D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析和虚拟语气。句意：学校顾问建议他弥补损失的时间。A. made of理解，看待；
B. can make it能够成功；C. making up组成，编造，化妆；D. make up for弥补。recommend后的宾语从句
应用虚拟语气，谓语部分为（should）+动词原形，结合句意可知，此处指“弥补”损失的时间，make up
for符合题意。故选D。37. A
【解析】考查时态和语态以及虚拟语气。句意：他坚持说他身体很好，并且坚持被派去那里工作。第一空：
insist意为“坚持说，坚持认为”时其后宾语从句用陈述语气，主句用的一般过去时，此处也用一般过去时；
第二空：insist意为“坚持”时其后从句用虚拟语气，采用“should+动词原形”的形式，其中should可省
略，主语he和sent之间是被动关系，用被动语态，应是be sent。故选A项。
38. D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：志新中学要求每个学生都要全身心地投入到学习中去。表达“投身于……，
投入”用devote oneself to...，It is demanded that… 要求……，这种结构的主语从句中，谓语动词用
“should + 动词原形”，should可以省略。故选D。
39. D
【解析】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：海伦建议把我送去接受进一步的教育。recommend意为“建
议”，其后的that从句中用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，“我”是被送去接受教育，因此空格处用
should be done，其中should可省略，因此空格处是(should) be sent to，故选D。
40. A
【解析】考查主语从句和虚拟语气。句意：建议每个学生每天至少锻炼30分钟。it is recommended that+
主语从句，在这个主语从句中要用should+动词原形的虚拟语气，should可以省略。故选A。
41. B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：强烈建议将日期提前两天。根据句意分析句子可知，句中的it是形式主语，
真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句，句中的recommend意为“建议”，所以后面that从句中的谓语动
词应该用should+动词原形，should可以省略，且从句的主语the date和谓语动词advance之间是被动关系，
所以应该用被动语态。故选B项。
42. B
【解析】考查宾语从句、虚拟语气和时态。句意：我建议他立马被送到医院去，但是他坚持说他那时感觉
很好。分析句子结构和意思可知，第一个空是advised后面的宾语从句的谓语动词，advise是“建议”的意
思，从句谓语要用should do的虚拟语气结构，should可以省略，从句主语he和谓语动词send是被动关系，
要用被动结构(should) be done；第二个空是insisted后面的宾语从句的谓语动词，insisted是“坚持说”的意
思，从句谓语要用真实的时态，句中有时间状语then，谓语要用过去进行时，主语是he，be动词用was。
故选B。
43. B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他没有在暴风雨中出去，他现在还活着。分析可知，本句为错综时间虚拟条件句，从句与过去事实相反，用过去完成时，主句与现在事实相反用would+do/be。故选B。
44. C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：医院里所有的医生都坚持认为他伤势严重，坚决主张应该立即给他动手术。
insist表示“坚持认为、坚持说”时，其引导的从句，表示已经发生或已经存在的状态，用陈述语序；insist
表示“坚决要求、坚决主张”时，从句用虚拟语气。第一个空格处指“坚持认为”，需用陈述语气，时态
为一般过去时；第二个空格处指“坚决主张”需用虚拟语气should+动词原形，主语he与动词operate之间
为被动，需用被动语态。故选C项。
45. A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析和虚拟语气。句意：根据他为《华盛顿邮报》撰写的文章，他的建议是，应该
采用有机农业，以保证植物和土壤的质量。A. adopt采取；B. adjust调整；C. adapt适应；D. attain获得。
根据“organic farming”可知此处表示“被采用”，suggestion、advice等名词后的表语从句一般用虚拟语气，
其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) +原形动词。故选A项。
46. B
【解析】考查非谓语动词，虚拟语气。句意：在办公室例行会议上，校长坚持要特别注意提到的问题。分
析句子成分可知，“insisted”后为宾语从句，因为“insist”词义为“坚持要求”时，引导的宾语从句应用虚
拟语气(should) do，又因宾语从句的主语为“the problems”，所以谓语动词应为(should) be done；“refer to”
词义为“涉及，提到”，应为过去分词形式作后置定语修饰前面的名词“the problems”。故选B。
47. C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：学院的一位教授建议设立一个基金来筹集资金。动词proposed作为“建
议”之意，后面的宾语从句使用虚拟语气，谓语动词使用should +动词原形，should可以省略。 a fund与
establish之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选C。
48. A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：经理建议给应届毕业生一个机会。 recommend表示建议，其后的宾语从句
用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略，give与逻辑主语the fresh graduate是被动关
系，故选A。
49. A
【解析】考查虚拟语气和状语从句。句意：教授强烈建议我们先处理最难的任务，这样我们就可以避免拖
延。Recommend表示建议后跟宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语为should+动词原形，should可以省略，且为
主动关系，故排除B和D选项；第二空引导目的状语从句，表示“以便”应用so that。故选A。
50. C【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们的校长好像我们是她自己的孩子一样对待我们。A. even if 即使；
B. even though 即使；C. as if 好像；D. if only 如果……就好了。根据句意可知，“____ we were her own
children.”是方式状语从句，用从从属连词as if引导，其意为“好像”，该从句中使用了虚拟语气。故选
C。
51. A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：学校建议家长在暑假期间不要允许孩子在河里或湖里游泳。recommend后
面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，其结构为“should+动词原形，should可以省略”。所以空处填should not
permit，should省略后，剩下not permint。故选A。
52. C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我拍了这位流行歌手的照片，我现在就给你看。分析句子结构可知，
此处考查错综复杂型的虚拟语气。主句有时间状语“now”是对于现在的虚拟，而根据句意可知，从句是对
于“过去”的虚拟，应用had done，且此处省略了if，则将had提前构成倒装。故选C项。
53. B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你昨晚没有看那部晚场电影，你现在就不会这么困了。由语意可知，
之所以你感到困，是因为你昨晚看了夜场电影，由此可知如果你没有看，你就不会困。本句是错综时间条
件句，从句表示与过去事实相反，故用过去完成时，即had done结构。故选B项。
54. B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：命令规定半年内关闭所有小煤矿。order, advice, command等表示“建议”
类名词与that从句连用，从句用虚拟语气，且用should+动词原形。故选B项。
55. D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：——你去过长城吗？——没有，但我希望我有。I wish...从句表示与过去事
实相反，应用过去完成时。had后面承前省略了been to the Great Wall。故选D项。
56. D
【解析】考查条件状语从句中虚拟语气的用法。句意：要不是因为这些云的话，你很容易就能在空中找到
那架飞机。这里的“要不是因为这些云的话”是一种与现在事实相反的假设，故用一般过去时，A、C项
都是过去完成时，应排除；即为if it were not for，这里是省略了if将be动词提前，从句倒装。故选D项。
57. A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我知道接下来会发生什么，我绝不会丢下她一个人。本句是省略了if
的条件句，且表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。使用if省略，把had提到从句主语之前，故选
A。58. D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我的要求是，我报告中提到的资料应立即用电子邮件寄给布朗先生。根据
句意分析句子可知，was后面是一个表语从句，空格处是该表语从句的谓语部分，而英语中demand,
advice, proposal, suggestion等名词跟表语从句时，从句中的谓语动词应该用should do，should可以省略，
所以排除B项和C项；从句的主语the information和动词e-mail之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态。
故选D项。
59. A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我不能忍受坐在前面的那个年轻人。他说起话来总是好像什么都知道似的。
分析句子，句中as though意为“似乎，好像”，后面的内容表示与现在事实相反，即对现在的虚拟，故用
一般过去时。故选A。
60. A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果琳达没有预先读过几本关于世界历史的书，她就不能这么轻易地回答
这个问题了。由句意和上文的couldn't have answered可知，此处是if引导的非真实条件句，表示与过去事
实相反，从句用过去完成时。故选A。
61. D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：托马斯可以把他的马达拆开再组装起来。我真希望他能教我怎么做。在
wish后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，表示对将来的愿望应用would/could/might do。故选D。
62. D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：新的交通法规要求每个人每年至少检查一次他或她的车。require后面的宾
语从句中应用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，should可省略，因此空格处是动词原形have，故选D。
63. B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我多么希望我没有去修理那块表！我只让事情变得更糟了。动词wish后接
宾语从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气，若表示与过去相反的愿望，从句谓语用过去完成时。根据句意以及
“made”可知，句中表示和过去事实相反的情形，所以宾语从句用过去完成时。结合 I only made it worse.
可知，此处表示我多么希望我没有修理那块表，故选B。
64. A
【解析】考查虚拟语态。句意：我的建议是，更多各行各业的人们被鼓励用他们对这些孩子更深的爱来资
助这个项目。suggestion后的表语that从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可省。且主
语people与encourage是被动关系，故选A。
65. B【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：重要的是，这些申请表格应尽早返回。It is essential that....从句谓语用虚拟
语气，即should+动词原形，should可省。结合语境应用被动形式。故选B项。
66. D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他昨天认真听老师讲课，他现在就知道问题的答案了。根据句意和if
从句的时间状语yesterday和主句的时间状语now可知，这个句子是一个含错综时间条件句的虚拟语气，从
句与过去事实相反，从句的谓语动词应该用had done形式，主句与现在事实相反，主句的谓语动词应该用
would do形式。故选D项。
67. C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要是我昨晚带把伞就好了!我全身都湿透了。If only表示“要是……就好
了”，这里表示与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时，因此空格处是had taken，故选C。
68. C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是高速公路上的交通堵塞，我们本应该早点到达体育场的。A. In spite
of尽管；B. Because of因为；C. But for要不是；D. Due to因为，由于。根据句中“we should have arrived at
the stadium earlier”可知，此处使用了和过去事实相反情况的虚拟语气，四个选项只有but for表示“如果没
有”是含蓄虚拟语气的标志词。故选C。
69. D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：对不起，我现在太忙了。如果我现在有空的话，我肯定会和你一起出去散
步。根据句意以及句中的at the moment可知，此处表示对现在情况的一种假设，所以从句中谓语动词要用
过去式，be动词用were。故选D。
70. D
【解析】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：有人要求尽快改善那个地区的工作条件。It was demanded that...
里It是形式主语，that从句是主语从句，从句中应用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，工作条件是被改善，
因此空格处是被动语态should be improved，should可省略，故选D。
71. C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：看看我现在的处境。要是我早点听你的劝告就好了！分析句子，句中if
only意为“要是……该多好”，此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，故使用过去完成时。故选C。
72. A
【解析】考查时态和虚拟语态。句意：教授坚认为他的解决方案更实用，并坚持我们应尽快付诸实践。结
合句意，第一空insist表示“坚持说”，主句为一般过去时，其后宾语从句也用一般过去时；第二空insist
表示“坚持认为”，其后宾语从句应用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可省，故选A。73. B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：——我已经告诉珍妮关于新房子的真相了。——但是我宁愿你没有告诉她。
根据句意可知，I’d rather that...从句中的内容表示与过去事实相反，所以应该用虚拟语气，谓语动词应用过
去完成时had done，hadn’t后面省略了told Jenny the truth about the new house。故选B项。
74. D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：——莉莉今天看起来很燥热。——如果你发这么高的烧，你也会的。根据
句意可知，第二个人说的话是与现在事实相反的假设，所以，应该用虚拟语气，同时空格处又是该句子的
主句，谓语动词应该用would do。故选D项。
75. D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果救护车昨晚早点来的话，病人现在可能还活着。由语意可知，昨晚救
护车来得晚了一些，所以病人没有得到及时救治，因此现在病人没有得救。本句是错综条件句，主句与现
在事实相反，故用would/could do结构，故应为would be alive。故选D项。
76. B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：这架数码相机质量很好。如果在一年内坏了，我们将免费修理。根据句意
可知，该题是考查与将来事实相反的虚拟语气。if虚拟条件句表示与将来事实相反，从句的谓语动词用一
般过去式或were to do或should+动词原形。故选B项。
77. B
【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意：如果今天下午下雨，足球赛将推迟到下星期五。根据句意和句中的
would可知，该题是考查的是与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，逗号前面应该是一个虚拟条件句if it should rain
this afternoon。在if引导的虚拟条件句中如果有should，可以将if省略，同时将should提到句首构成倒装。
故选B项。
78. B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：苏珊将发表一个关于他的国家文化的演讲，但我宁愿她专注于更多关于教
育的演讲。I would rather that...后接从句与过去事实相反用过去完成时，与现在或将来事实相反均用一般过
去时。该句与将来事实相反，应用一般过去时。故选B项
79. B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有你的慷慨帮助，我们是不会提前完成任务的。根据句意可知，该
题中的but for是隐含含蓄条件的介词短语，其意义为“要不是，如果没有”，根据句意可知，该句子表示
和过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以主句的谓语动词应该用would/could have done，所以先排除A项和C项；
但是根据句意，主句应该用否定句，所以D项不对。故选B项。80. C
【解析】考查非真实条件句中if的省略。句意：要是我昨天知道他的电话号码的话，我就会打电话给他了。
根据句意以及I would have called her up可知本句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以设空处所在句子应为
if引导的虚拟条件句if I had known his phone number yesterday。if虚拟条件句省略if时，把were，had或
should提到句首，构成部分倒装，所以此空应该填Had I known。故选C。
