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强化练(六) 主旨大意题(1) (限时：25 分钟)
A
(2022·河北沧州二模)
Woody Williams of Charlotte，North Carolina is simply Woody Williams，a retired graphic
artist and musician who plays in local clubs and bars.But online，the 72-year-old is known as
Funky Geezer (时髦老头)，and he’s got more than 3 million followers on TikTok alone!
In December 2020，Woody was staying in his home to avoid catching the COVID-19，just
like everybody else.He found himself with more free time than usual，and since he couldn’t go to
perform in a club or jam with any bands，he decided to check out what was happening online.He
downloaded TikTok and uploaded a short video of himself doing a little dance.The likes and
comments started pouring in，and before he knew it，his video had been viewed millions of
times!
Encouraged，Woody leaned in to his Funky Geezer persona(人设)，uploading more videos
to his channel.He enjoys connecting with people again，and always loves putting on a show to
make others smile.
Funky Geezer has now gone viral more than once，and he’s got a large following across all
of his social channels.He’s even getting requests to bring his dance moves to foreign lands，
although he’s not sure he’ll be traveling much beyond his usual circles.
“I was asked to do shows in Canada，England and Micronesia，” he said.“I don’t even
know where Micronesia is.”
Woody says he doesn’t run his “Funky Geezer Show” for fame or fortune; he simply
wants to put a smile on someone’s face! “My motto is to inspire until you die，” he said，
adding，“I am just encouraging the newbies to come up，grab their guitar，get involved，and
express themselves.”
1．Why did Woody upload a short video on TikTok?
A．To pass time.
B．To attract followers.
C．To show a dancing style.
D．To promote local clubs and bars.
2．What did Woody do after the success of his first video?
A．He viewed millions of videos.
B．He encouraged others to jam with bands.
C．He began connecting people with dancing.
D．He went one step further towards his new persona.3．What are paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly about?
A．How popular Woody is.
B．Where Woody will travel.
C．What channels Woody uses.
D．Why Woody moved abroad.
4．Which is a proper word to describe Woody?
A．Proud. B．Lazy.
C．Sensitive. D．Enthusiastic.
B
What does it take to become an astronaut？It’s a question that’s been asked since the start
of the Space Age in the 1960s.In those days，pilots were considered the most well-trained
professionals，so military fliers were first in line to go to space.More recently，people from a
wide range of professional backgrounds—doctors，scientists，and even teachers—have trained to
live and work in near-Earth orbit.Even so，those selected to go to space must meet high standards.
People who want to become astronauts must be in top physical condition.Each country’s
space program has health requirements for its space travelers.They usually assess a candidate’s
fitness to withstand some pretty tough conditions.For example，a good candidate must have the
ability to endure the rigors of lift-off and to function in weightlessness.All astronauts must have
good visual acuity and normal blood pressure.Beyond that，there is no age limit.Most astronaut
trainees are between the ages of 25 and 46，although older people have also flown to space later in
their careers.
People who go to space are usually self-confident，risk-takers，adept at stress management
and multitasking.They also need to be able to work as part of a team for any given assignment.On
Earth，astronauts are usually required to perform various public relations duties，such as speaking
to the public ， working with other professionals ， and sometimes even testifying before
government officials.So，astronauts who can relate well to many different kinds of people are seen
as valuable team members.
Often，astronauts have a background as scientists and many have high-level degrees，like
PhDs.Others have military training or space industry expertise.Regardless of their background，
once an astronaut is accepted into a country’s space program，he or she goes through rigorous
training to actually live and work in space.
5．Which of the following is of least importance to an astronaut?
A．Normal blood pressure.
B．Good eyesight.
C．Tough body.
D．Young age.
6．According to the passage，an astronaut is one who ________.A．is strong and healthy
B．has self-confidence
C．can work under great pressure
D．all of the above
7．Why are astronauts asked to perform public duties?
A．To make them famous among people.
B．To relieve their feelings of tension.
C．To raise their awareness of teamwork.
D．To promote public interest in the aerospace.
8．What could be the best title for the passage?
A．Everyone Can Be an Astronaut
B．The Professional Qualities of an Astronaut
C．Training Astronauts is Much Easier Nowadays
D．It’s Not Mysterious to Be an Astronaut
C
(2022·山东临沂一模)
When evaluating people on various psychological tests，psychologists often distinguish
between markers of absolute performance and relative performance.Absolute performance reflects
the raw measurement of something，like the time it takes to run a mile.Relative performance is
how a person rates in relation to their peers，as in what place a runner gets in a race.
The standards we use to evaluate ourselves are almost always relative ，as we compare
ourselves to our peers and the standards that are most familiar to us.For instance，in my private
practice，I have one patient I will call “Omar” who is dependent on social services and makes
less than $30,000 per year at his job.While this level of poverty would lead most people to wake up
depressed each day ， Omar is one of the most optimistic and appreciative individuals I
know.Why？Because most of his closest peers—his siblings and friends from childhood—have
lives far worse than his.
In contrast to Omar，I have another patient，an adolescent I’ll call “Lena”，whose
family has property over $5 million.Lena，however，lives in an upper-class neighborhood where
her family is at the lower end of the income level.Though Lena’s family allows her to enjoy
possessions and experiences that less than 1 percent of her peers across the world can share，she
consistently feels “less than”．Why？Because Lena doesn’t compare herself to the rest of the
world.This is too abstract an exercise for her，as it would be for most of us.
Accordingly，whether a psychologist is psychodynamic or cognitive-behavioral，therapy(疗
法) with individuals struggling with situational or psychological depression aims to solve the
problems associated with basing one’s self-worth on comparisons with others.Psychologists try to
help people focus on personal growth around the achievement of concrete goals in line with theirvalues，independent of the achievement of others.For all of us，defining these goals，especially
during periods of emotional calm，can go a long way in helping us to avoid the trap of relativity
that often leads to situational and psychological depression.
9．What is the function of paragraph 1?
A．To show the significance of evaluating people.
B．To motivate readers to study psychological tests.
C．To help people perform well in psychological tests.
D．To provide some background information on evaluating people.
10．Why does the author mention his two patients?
A．To measure different achievements.
B．To introduce the standards to evaluate people.
C．To explain relative performance with examples.
D．To contrast relative performance and absolute performance.
11．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A．Setting goals in life is essential for everyone.
B．It’s important to avoid unhealthy comparisons.
C．A sense of achievement can affect one’s happiness.
D．Improving self-worth can help get rid of depression.
12．What is the best title for the text?
A．Happiness：Is it all relative?
B．Self-worth：Is it measurable?
C．Self-worth：Is it based on efforts?
D．Happiness：Is it associated with achievements?
