文档内容
第 4 讲 无提示词类——连词
对连词的考查涉及并列句、名词性从句、状语从句和定语从句等，是高考语法填空的重
点和难点，也是学生的易错点。做题时要认真分析句子成分，如果发现两个句子之间存在并
列、转折、选择或者因果关系，则要填并列连词；如果空处引导从句，则首先要看它所引导
的是哪一种从句，然后根据连词的种类和功能来确定填哪一个。
技法一 如何确定并列连词
考查
解题思路 针对训练
方向
1.(2022·山东潍坊测评)Only a few primate
1.表示并列或递进关系的 species sing， they are precious resources in
有：and，both...and...， our search for the evolutionary origins of human
not only...but (also)...等。 musicality.
2.表 示 选 择 关 系 的 2.(2022·山东潍坊期末统考)He didn’t receive
分析 有：or，either...or...， an award for his honesty he did go from
关系 not...but...等。3.表示转折 litter to glitter (闪光) in just one week.
或对比关系的有：but， 3.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)The GPNP is designed to
reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the
while等。
并列 authenticity and integrity(完整性) of natural
4.表示因果关系的有： ecosystems，preserving biological diversity，
连词
protecting ecological buffer zones， leaving
so，for等。
behind precious natural assets(资产) for future
generations”．
1.“祈使句＋and/or＋陈
4.We were sleeping we heard the dog
述句”
barking crazily outside.
2.be doing...when...
固定 5.Work more efficiently you will have
3.be about to do...when...
句型 more time for the rest and relaxation.
4.be on the point of
6.Get down to your work at once you will
doing...when...
be fired.
5.had just done...when...
技法二 如何确定定语从句的关系词
考查方向 解题思路 针对训练
1.先行词指人且所填关系词在从句中 1.(2022·山东枣庄二模)He later
作主语时，可以用关系词that或 set up China’s first draft bank，
关系代词 who。 Rishengchang， later had
2.先行词指人且所填关系词在从句中 35 branches across the country.
作宾语时，可以用关系词that或 2.(2022·浙江1月)Kim Cobb，aprofessor at the Georgia Institute
whom或who，也可以不填。
of Technology in Atlanta，is one
3.先行词指物且所填关系词在从句中
of a small but growing minority of
作主语或宾语时，可以用关系词that
academics are cutting
或which。
back on their air travel because of
4.先行词指人或物且所填关系词在从
climate change.
句中作定语时，可以用关系词
3.And the most popular of all is an
whose。
8-inch-tall stuffed animal version
5.在非限制性定语从句中不能用关系
of the Beijing Olympics mascot—
词that。
Bing Dwen Dwen，a rotund
6.在非限制性定语从句中，如果先行
panda suit is made of ice.
词是前面的整个句子或句子的一部
4.(2020·天津改编) is
分时，可以用关系词as或which。as
described in paragraph 4，taking
译为“正如”；which译为“这一
a small kid to a half-hour Story
点，这件事”，表明事物的状态或
Time allows the parent to enjoy
结果。
quiet reading.
先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的
5.She added that the area
名词且所填关系词在从句中作状语
they lived had seen major
时，可以用关系词when，where或
“habitat loss” linked to
why。
关系副词 agricultural expansion.
注意 先行词是表示时间、地点或
6.In most Chinese tea villages，
原因的名词且所填关系词在从句中
March is the time of year
作主语或宾语时，可以用关系词that
locals start to pick and process tea.
或which。
7.Wind power is an ancient source
1.关系词依据先行词来确定，如果先
of energy which we may
行词指人，用whom；如果先行词指
return in the near future.
物，用which；如果先行词指人或
8.The old lady had one son and
物，且关系词在从句中作定语，则
two daughters，none of
介词＋关系词 用whose。
treated her well，which made her
2.介词根据以下原则来确定：
very sad.
(1)与先行词的搭配；
9.I’d appreciate my teacher very
(2)与从句谓语的搭配；
much without help I
(3)逻辑关系。
couldn’t win the award.
注意 常见的只用that而不用which的情况：
(1)先行词指物是不定代词或者被不定代词所修饰时，关系代词通常只用that。Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?
(2)先行词指物被序数词、形容词最高级或the only，the very，the last等修饰时，关系代词通
常只用that，不用which。
This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen.
This is the only thing that we can do now.
(3)先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which。
The scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all.
(4)当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也作表语时，关系代词通常只用that。
Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.
技法三 如何确定名词性从句的连接词
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。分析句子结构，先找出
主句的谓语动词，谓语动词之前的从句为主语从句，动词和介词后的为宾语从句，系动词后
的为表语从句，名词后的从句且对名词内容加以解释的从句为同位语从句。判断出从句以后，
再根据以下技法确定连接词。
考查方向 解题思路 针对训练
1.(2019·全国Ⅰ)While they are rare north of
分析句子结构，若待填的连
88°，there is evidence they range all
接词不作任何成分也没有任
the way across the Arctic，and as far south as
从属连词 何意思，只起连接作用，要
James Bay in Canada.
that和 考虑连接词that；若表示
2. anyone actually believes in a causal
whether/if “是否”的意思，要考虑连
relationship between eating these foods and
接词whether；if可以用于引
receiving the promised benefits or not is
导宾语从句。
unclear.
3.With magnificent natural scenery
分析句子结构，若从句缺少
civilization，the tourist area lies along
主语、宾语、表语，要用连
may be the most charming section of the
连接代词 接代词what，who，whom，
upper reaches(上游) of the Yellow River.
which，whose，whatever
4.(2020·全国Ⅲ)In ancient China lived an
等。
artist paintings were almost lifelike.
分析句子结构，若从句缺少 5.That is you have to overcome your
状语，要用连接副词where laziness if you want to be outstanding in life.
连接副词 (表地点)，when (表时间)， 6.Finally，the motto also represents a series
how (表方式或程度)，why of patterns of countries should work
(表原因)等。 together.
在名词性从句中it作形式主
7.It is likely FAST will help make
形式主语和
语或形式宾语。其用法在前 many new Nobel-level discoveries.
形式宾语it
面代词讲解时已经提到。 8.It is warned the pandemic couldcreate a “lost” generation who will be
affected by “lifelong” mental illnesses.
技法四 如何确定状语从句的连接词
考查方向 解题思路 针对训练
1.(2022·山东威海期末) a
根据句意确定是什么状语从句从而 keystone species disappears，other
确定连接词，常见的状语从句的连 plants and animals may die off and not
接词有： grow back.
1.时间状语从句while/when/as/
2.(2022·福建福州期末) I got
since/before/after/until
my first library card in the
2.条件状语从句if/unless/once
mid-1950s，my appreciation for the
3.让步状语从句though/although/ institution developed quickly.
while/as 3. it is normal for you
4.地点状语从句where to want only the best for yourselves，
5.原因状语从句because/since/as that is the source of your problems and
状语从句的
stress.
连接词
4.(2019·全国Ⅲ)On our way to the
根据固定句型来确定状语从句的连
house，it was raining hard that
接词，常见的固定句型有：
we couldn’t help wondering how long
so/such...that...
it would take to get there.
not...until...
5.If you don’t understand
It will/won’t be＋...＋before...
something，you may research，
It was＋...＋before...
study，and talk to other people
It is some time＋since...
you figure it out.
whether...or not...
6.(2021·天津改编)We all need to get
no sooner...than...
involved in saving energy
hardly...when...
it’s at work，at home，or at school.
Group 1 达标练
1．By the time a child becomes an adult，he needs to learn he can deal with the
success and failure connected with risk-taking.
2．Lenny runs everywhere he can. he goes，he tracks his progress by using an
app，such as Map MyRun or Strava.3．The struggle to break out of the pupa(蛹) was necessary for the butterfly’s survival
it enabled its wings and body to grow strong.
4．An expert says the creatures not only would likely not have survived if ice had covered their
caves， also probably could not have survived the warmer temperatures farther from the
glaciers’ edge.
5．All the countries life expectancy dropped had taken an average of 5－6 years
to achieve.
6．I was running so fast I bounced off the trunk and landed on my backside.
7．Starting recycling projects in the home or community and picking up trash in the neighborhood
are also can make a difference.
8．These paintings are created by patients have been hospitalized for a long
time.
9．(2022·江西新余二模)After quite some time，Cheng，upon waking up，became aware
his students had been standing in the snow for a while immediately invited them to
come in.
10．These relics，dating from the Spring and Autumn Period to the Qing Dynasty，included a
variety of items，most of are plates，vases and figurines.
Group 2 真题练
1．On the 1,100-kilometer journey，the man Cao Shengkang， lost his eyesight at
the age of eight in a car accident，crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces.(2022·全国甲)
2．The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued(发布) at the
ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international
cooperation cultural exchanges.(2022·全国乙)
3．The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species live
within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ)
4．Cobb，for her part，started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak she
could do so remotely；about three-quarters of the time，they agreed.(2022·浙江1月)
5．The poor woman wasn’t able to give him any information about she lived.
(2021·北京)
6．William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from we
can learn without repeating them.(2021·天津改编)
7．What puzzles Lily’s friends is she always has so many crazy ideas.(2021·天
津改编)
8．It is different from traditional tourism it allows the traveller to become
educated about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics.(2021·全国乙改编)
9．Dr.Rowan， secretary resigned two weeks ago，has had to do all his own
typing.(2020·天津改编)
10．The student completed this experiment to make come true Professor Joseph
had said.(2020·天津改编)
A
(2022·山东青岛莱西期末)
An elephant herd 1. fascinated locals and people around the world by making a 500-
kilometer trip through southwestern China finally returned home on August 12，also the 10th
World Elephant Day.
The elephants traveling from their home in a mountainous area toward the city of Kunming
caught 2. (globe) attention.Under the guidance of the leading elephant，the giant
creatures explored forests，farms and even a 3. (retire) home.Local governments 4. (lay)
food down to keep them away from populated areas.Trucks，drones(无人机)were also used 5.
(monitor) the elephants and clean up roads for them to pass safely.Luckily，no other animals or
humans were injured.
There are many video clips(视频) on the social media 6. (show) interesting behavior
of the animals along their path.In one，two young elephants are being helped out of a ditch(沟渠)
by older members of the group and in another，a baby elephant 7. (milk) by its mother.
Asian elephants are among the most highly protected animals in China and 8. drove
the elephants to make their long trip is still unknown.“Asian elephants usually won’t leave their
home range unless there are major changes to the environment，like a 9. (lose) of habitat
linked to agriculture expansion，” 10. official of the World Wildlife Fund said.
B
A three-bedroom 3D-printed farmhouse has been built in Wujiazhuang village ，
Zhangjiakou，1. is the co-host city for the 2022 Winter Olympics.With ceilings and
walls decorated by weave patterns，Zhao Xiujuan’s house covers 2. area of 106
square meters.
When Xu Weiguo，a professor at Tsinghua University，came up with the idea of building a
3D-printed farmhouse ， there was an outpouring of concern from villagers ， who 3.
(wonder) whether it would be strong enough.However，Zhao shrugged off 4. her
fellow villagers doubted and made the work go on.The construction 5. (complete) in
two weeks，with only two people on each device.
China’s 3D printing technology has been 6. (wide) used in many fields.“Thistechnology can not only save manpower and construction costs ， but also increase 7.
(efficient) and quality，” Xu said，adding that it can keep the design and construction of
traditional houses while 8. (create) beautiful patterns.“There are still a large number of
houses and infrastructure(基础设施) 9. (build) in China in the future，” Xu
said.“Intelligent technologies can solve the labor shortage problem faced by the construction
industry，freeing workers 10. their heavy labor.”
