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第 3 讲 无提示词类——冠词、代词和介词
技法一 如何确定填冠词
冠词是名词的标志，当空后是名词或“形容词＋名词”，而且没有其他限定词时，一般
需要用冠词。
考查方向 解题思路 针对训练
1.(2020·全国Ⅲ改编)In
1.在文中第一次提到可数名词单数
ancient China lived
时，一般为泛指，用不定冠词a/an。
artist whose paintings were
2.在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”
almost lifelike.
时，用不定冠词a/an。
不定冠词a/an 2.(2022·山东日照联
3.a一般用于发音以辅音音素开头的
考)Liuzhou luosifen，
名词前，an一般用于发音以元音音
soup dish，is named by some
素开头的名词前(注意：并不是指辅
people as “durian(榴莲) of
音字母或者元音字母开头的单词)。
soup” for its strong smell.
3.(2022·山东泰安期末)Wang
is China’s second woman in
space，after Liu Yang made
1.第二次及以后提到时表特指，用定
history by joining
冠词the。
Shenzhou-9 spacecraft in 2012.
2.当名词后有定语修饰时，多数情况
4.(2022·福建莆田质
用定冠词the。
检)Designed and constructed
3.用在序数词或最高级前或有only，
to highest ever
very，same等修饰的名词前。
定冠词the
standards for green and
4.用在“逢十”的年代前，表示“在
sustainable housing，the three
某世纪几十年代”。
villages will be able to
5.用于表示姓氏的复数名词前，表示
accommodate 5,500 athletes
“一家人”或“夫妇俩”。
and team officials.
6.用于世界上独一无二的事物前。
5.The Antarctic is only
7.用于被演奏的西洋乐器前。
region in the world that has
never been home to human
civilization.
1.与不定冠词a/an 连用的常用短 6.In a sometimes callous(冷漠
固定搭配 语： 的) world where people can be
have a cold/fever/try/talk/rest/break
so focused on what they’retake an interest in... take a chance
make a difference as a result
all of a sudden a waste of
as a matter of fact in a word doing，a random act of
in a hurry once in a while kindness can make
once upon a time have a good time difference.
keep an eye on... 7.A study showed that an 80-
2.与定冠词the连用的常用短语： year-old Tsimané person has
on the other hand by the way same cardiovascular(心血管
take the place of... in the front of... 的) age as an American in his
all over the world at the end of mid-50s.
the same (...) as by the end of...
in the beginning at the same time
at the beginning of... at the moment
注意 冠词的特殊用法还有：
(1)动词＋sb.＋介词＋the＋身体部位。
(2)抽象名词具体化：某些抽象名词可以与不定冠词a 连用，常见的有pleasure，surprise，
comfort，danger，success，failure，duty 等。
技法二 如何确定填代词
语法填空考查代词，有两种考查方式，有提示词类和无提示词类，人称代词及物主代词
多以有提示词的形式出现，已经在前面做了讲解。无提示词类主要考查it，对前面名词指代
的代词和不定代词。
考查方向 解题思路 针对训练
1.如果空格前出现了单数名词，并 1.However，the railway quickly
且空格处作主语或宾语，可根据指 proved to be a great success and
代的情况用he，she，it或者him， within six months，more than
her，it。 25,000 people were using
2.如果空格前出现了复数名词，并 every day.
且空处作主语或宾语，可根据指代 2.No bread eaten by a man is so
代词的指代用法 的情况用they或them。 sweet as earned by his
3.如果前面出现了单数名词或者不 own labor.
可数名词，后面再次提到而且是特 3.He skimmed the pages
指，用that。 quickly，then read again
4.如果前面出现了复数名词，后面 more carefully.
再次提到而且是特指，用those。 4.If you’re buying today’s
5.如果前面出现了单数名词，后面 paper from the stand，could you再次提到而且是泛指同名不同物的
get _____ for me？
东西用one。
5.However， was not until
three decades later that Zhi left
the village and went to an even
more remote village school in the
1.指代天气、时间、距离等。
mountains.
2.用作形式主语或形式宾语。
it的用法 6. is believed that there
3.it用在一些固定句型和固定用法
will be 2.5 billion automobiles
中。见下面的【注意】。
worldwide by 2050.
7.I couldn’t have made
through those times without the
support of my parents.
注意 (1)常用it作形式主语的句型有：
It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他
It＋be＋adj.＋of/for sb.＋to do sth.
It is no good/no use/useless/a waste of time doing sth.
It is a pity/a fact/no wonder/adj.＋that...
It seems/appears/turns out/occurs to sb.＋that...
It is said/reported/believed/...＋that...
It takes sb.some time/money to do sth.
(2)常用it作形式宾语的句型有：
主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/make/keep/...＋it＋补语＋to do sth./that...
主语＋like/hate/love/appreciate/...＋it＋从句
(3)固定用法：
when it comes to...当谈到……
as sb.puts it正如某人所言
make it成功
技法三 如何确定填介词
当空格后出现的是名词、代词或者动名词，且这些词不作主语、宾语或者表语时，需要
考虑填介词。
考查方向 解题思路 针对训练
年月周前要用in，日子前面却要禁。
1.(2021·全国甲)It was built
时间名词前
遇到几号要用on，上午下午又是in。
originally to protect the city
的介词
要说某日上下午，用on换in才能行。
the Tang dynasty and has now午夜黄昏须用at，黎明用它也不错。
been completely restored(修复).
at也用在时分前。
2.(2020·浙江7月)Some time
在……里，用in；在……上，用on；穿 after 10,000 BC，people made
表示地点和
过……，用through/across；通过……方 the first real attempt to control
方式的介词
式，用by；借助……工具，用with等。 the world they lived ，
through agriculture.
by accident，in trouble，in spite of，in 3.Morgan says that it is time that
“介词＋ honour of，in search of，in vain，in people stopped standing by and
n.”搭配 turn，in return，at risk，on board，on recording on their phones when
average等。 they see someone trouble.
4.Born in Nanchang City in
1961，Zhi applied to work as a
remind sb.of sth.，rob sb.of sth.，go back
“vi.＋介 teacher at the primary school in
to/date from，exchange...for...，run out
词”搭配 Niyang village after
of，account for，agree with 等。
graduation，though her mother
strongly disagreed her.
5.This route，known the
be known as，be curious about，be proud Great Ring Line，was also built
“adj.＋介
of，be rich in，be devoted to，be fond of by CRCC，and was the first
词”搭配
等。 European subway project
designed by a Chinese company.
Group 1 达标练
1．A lion went all the way round a wildlife photographer’s truck.Then it got up on the back and
looked at him the window，which was one of his happiest moments.
2．A netizen(网民) named Joleen-kun said their application had been seen，which was something
to be proud as they were respected by the committee.
3．Like oil painting and sculpture in the West，calligraphy is as much an artistic form a
spiritual anchor for many Chinese throughout history.
4．Having been running for about another 15 minutes，I needed to know how I missed
(he)．
5．(2022·福建福州期末)When I studied English literature at university，I thought best
to build my own library.6．(2022·河北衡水中学二调)Employing 3D laser scanning technology，the researchers digitally
record the shapes，colors and other fine details of the grottoes and later reproduce by
using 3D printing technology.
7 ． These 24 solar terms were soon absorbed into The Taichu calendar ， the first well
documented calendar in history of China.
8．“The piano is my best friend，” said Xiong， high school student at the Chengdu
Special Education School.“ brings so much pleasure into my life.”
9 ． According to Ling ， learners aged 4 to 60 kept practicing guzheng and stayed
contact with her via the Internet during the three-month lockdown in Wellington.
10．For downhill，skiers go at very high speeds，and the course is the longest and has the largest
vertical(垂直的) drop.Super-G courses have more gates and smaller vertical drop.
Group 2 真题练
1．Cobb，for her part，started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak whether/if
she could do so remotely；about three-quarters of time，they agreed.(2022·浙江1月)
2． friend of his，Wu Fan，volunteered to be his companion during the trip.(2022·全国
甲)
3．He flew 4,700 kilometers Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept.20，planning to hike
back to Xi’an in five months.(2022·全国甲)
4．May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day，which was named officially
the United Nations on November 27th,2019.(2022·全国乙)
5．To celebrate festival，a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman
Museum in Beijing on Thursday.(2022·全国乙)
6．While riding his bike home a cold night，he came across a sad-looking elderly
woman wandering the streets by herself.(2021·北京)
7．In 1844 they bought it $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser，who
performed their marriage ceremony in 1842.(2021·浙江6月)
8．While you’re in China，Mount Huangshan is must to visit！(2021·新高考全国
Ⅰ)
9．My parents made a point for their two kids to spend time outside，no matter the
weather or season.(2020·浙江改编)
10．But was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most
significant，the researchers found.(2020·江苏改编)
A(2022·福建三明质检)
China’s biang biang noodles are taking the world by storm—yet the dish’s name doesn’t
1.__________(official) exist.Here in Xi’an，the capital of China’s Shaanxi Province and one of
the country’s oldest cities，the craft of noodle-pulling is so twisted together with the blowing
sound 2._________ the noise ended up inspiring this dish’ s curious name ： biang biang
noodles.The onomatopoeic(拟声的)“biang” character 3. (mean) to imitate the sound of
flour mixed with water hitting a counter.It is also 4. (complex) to write than any character
in the Chinese language.
In the past centuries，Shaanxi’s biang biang noodles were no more than 5. humble
local dish.Compared to other noodle 6. (variety) from north-west China，biang biang
were less known outside of Xi’an,7. they were a comforting and beloved food among
locals，for whom the back story and written character were common knowledge.In recent years，
biang biang noodles and its associated custom have become more widely known across China，
8._________(drive) in part by social media interest in the made-up biang character.Now，the dish
is passing through land and sea from its humble beginnings 9. the hearts and mouths of
diners the world over—a breakthrough that many people haven’t expected 10. (be)
delightful.
B
China has formally made an 1. (announce) of its first five national parks of
230,000 square kilometers from Tibet to Hainan，focusing on preservation of its most valuable
bio-resources.
Giant Panda National Park will surely be 2. hit with the swells of tourists who
come yearly for some of the world’s cutest animals.3. (cover) three provinces of
Sichuan，Shaanxi and Gansu，the region is the panda’s natural habitat.
The intersection(交汇处) of Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces is home to Northeast Chins Tiger
and Leopard National Park，which 4. (set) out to protect the habitats of those two
species since its start.It is the unique area 5. live both wild Siberian tigers and
Siberian leopards.
China’ s best-preserved rainforest is in Hainan ， the only place in the world 6.
(find) the Hainan black-crested gibbon.Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park protects the
gibbons and 7. (they) environment.
Unlike those three，Wuyishan National Park in Fujian Province and Sanjiangyuan National
Park on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau focus 8. (much) on preserving multiple animals
than 9. (specific) protecting one species.They serve various rare and endangered
species and conserve biodiversity.
Now，with some tourist programs 10. place，these parks will be a good way for
tourists to truly experience the natural originality as well as expansive Chinese landscape.
