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Unit 1 What's the matter?
教材核心词汇知识链接及典例解读
break n.间歇；休息
【教材原句】You need to take breaks away from the computer.你需要远离电脑休息。
【常见用法】break 作名词，意为“间歇；休息”，常用于短语 take breaks/take a break,意为“休息”。
break还可以作及物动词，意为“（使）破碎；违犯；违背”，后面可以直接跟宾语，比如break a
cup,break
the rules/promises.break 的形容词形式是broken,意为“破碎的；损坏的”。
They worked for ten hours without a break.他们工作了10个小时，没有休息。
I have to break the window to get into theroom.我不得不打破窗户进入房间。
Mind the broken glass.当心碎玻璃。
The soccer ball broke the window.足球把窗户打碎了。
trouble n.问题；苦恼
【教材原句】“It's sad that many people don't want to help others because they don't want any trouble,”says one
passenger.一位乘客说：“很多人不想帮助他人因为他们不想惹麻烦，这很令人伤心。”
【常见用法】trouble 作名词，意为“问题；苦恼”；trouble 还可作动词，意为“麻烦（某人）；使苦
恼”。
We have trouble in working out the problem.解决这个问题我们有困难。
We'll be in big trouble if we miss the bus.如果我们错过公交车，我们将会有大麻烦。
You will get into trouble if you park your car here.如果你把你的车停在这里，你会遇到麻烦的。
I promise not to trouble you again.我保证再也不麻烦你了。
搭配收藏
①have trouble(in) doing sth.做某事有困难
②be in trouble 处于困境；惹出麻烦
③get into trouble 陷入困境；遇到麻烦
④trouble sb.麻烦某人
lie v.躺；平躺【教材原句】I think you should lie down and rest.我认为你应该躺下休息。
【常见用法】lie 作动词，意为“躺；平躺”，可用于短语 lie down,意为“躺下”，其过去式为lay.lie还
可作“位于”讲，后跟副词或介词。lie意为“说谎”时常用于短语 lie to sb.(对某人说谎）和 lie about sth.
(就某事撒谎），此时lie的过去式为lied.lie的现在分词为lying.lie还可以作名词，意为“谎言”，常用于
短语 tell a lie,意为“说谎”。
Don't lie on the wet floor.不要躺在潮湿的地板上。
The town lies in a small valley.这个城镇位于一个小山谷之中。
She lied about her age.她谎报了她的年龄。
I always know when he's telling lies.他一说谎我就知道。
Look! The baby is lying on the bed.看！这个婴儿正躺在床上。
典例［浙江杭州中考］
After a long day,Tom down on the bed and went to sleep.
【解析】句意为：漫长的一天后，汤姆在床上躺下并睡着了。根据首字母提示和空后的down及bed可
知此处表示“躺下”。lie down意为“躺下”，为固定短语；结合后面的went可知本句为一般过去时，lie
意为“躺；平躺”时，过去式为lay.
【答案】lay
risk n.&v.危险；风险；冒险
【教材原句】As a mountain climber,Aron is used to taking risks.作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。
【常见用法】risk作名词，意为“危险；风险”，可用于短语 take risks/a risk(冒险）和at risk(处境危险；
受到威胁）。risk还可以作动词，意为“冒险”，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词形式作宾语。
I couldn't take the risk of leaving him alone.我不能冒险留他独自一人。
That would mean putting other children at risk.那就意味着把其他孩子置于危险中。
When children start smoking,they don't realize that they're risking their health.当孩子们开始抽烟时，他们没有
意识到他们是在拿他们的健康冒险。
典例［山东烟台中考·改编］Eating too much salt increases the （风险）of high blood
pressure.
【解析】根据中文提示可知此处指吃太多盐增加患高血压的风险，设空处应填名词，故填risk.
【答案】risk
decision n.决定；抉择【教材原句】...we have to make a decision that could mean life or death.······我们不得不做出可能意味着生或
死的决定。
【常见用法】decision 为decide的名词形式，意为“决定；抉择”。make a decision to do sth.相当于decide
to do sth.,意为“决定做某事”。
We make a decision to go to the museum tomorrow.我们决定明天去博物馆。
【联想拓展】－sion为名词后缀，类似的词还有discussion（讨论），expression(表达），conclusion(结
论）等。
典例［山东烟台中考·改编］They haven't made a （decide) about where to spend their summer
vacation.
【解析】冠词a后面跟可数名词单数，动词decide的名词形式为 decision,意为“决定；抉择”时为可数名
词。make a decision 意为“做决定”。
【答案】decision
mean v.意思是；打算；意欲
【教材原句】This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of.它的意思是“处于一个
你似乎无法摆脱的困境之中”。
【常见用法】mean作及物动词，意为“意思是；打算；意欲”，表示一个人的言论或行为、某一标志或词
语
的意思所指，其后常接名词、动名词形式、动词不定式或宾语从句。其过去式是meant,名词形式是
meaning,意为“意义；意思”。其形容词形式为meaningful和meaningless,二者互为反义词，分别意为“有
意义的”和“无意义的”。
The red light means“stop”。红灯表示“停止”。
【易混辨析】mean doing sth.与 mean to do sth.的用法区别
易混词组 用法
mean doing sth. 意为“意味着做某事”，此处mean意为“意味着”。
mean to do sth. 意为“打算做某事”，此处mean 意为“打算；意欲”。
My new job will mean traveling all over the world.我的新工作将意味着周游世界。
I didn't mean to upset you.我没打算让你伤心。
典例
［湖北武汉中考·改编］I didn't mean Curry yesterday.It was pouring with rain saccepted his offer
of a lift.A.to trouble B.trouble C.troubling D.troubled
【解析】mean to do sth.意为“打算做某事”；mean doing sth.意为“意味着做某事”。由下一句中的so I
accepted his offer of a lift 可知此处指“我昨天没打算麻烦柯里”，故选A项。
【答案】A
control n.&v.限制；约束；管理
【教材原句】In this book,Aron tells of the importance of making good decisions,and of being in control of one's
life.在这本书中，阿伦讲述了正确抉择和掌控自己的命运的重要性。
【常见用法】control作名词时，意为“限制；约束；管理”。control还可以作动词，其后可直接跟宾语。
Babies are born with very little control over their movements.婴儿出生时几乎无法控制自己的活动。
Sarah took a deep breath,trying to control her anger.萨拉深吸一口气，努力控制她的愤怒。
【背例句·学搭配】
－Do you need any help?你需要帮忙吗？
－No,thanks.It's under control.不，谢谢。一切都在掌控之中。
This factory is in the control of the old man.这家工厂由这位老人管理。
The plane was out of control and crashed into the sea.飞机失控，坠入了大海。
搭配收藏
①be under control 被控制住；处于控制之中
②be in the control of...受·····控制；受······管理
③be out of control 失去控制
The car was out of control and hit a tree.汽车失去控制，撞到了树上。
一、单项选择
1．Mr. Li. I feel a little nervous before this coming exam. You’d better take a break （选出划线同义词）from
studies and relax.
A．rest B．breath C．walk D．lie
2．— I’m sorry to break your pen. —_______
A．That’s right B．It doesn’t matter C．Thank you D．You’re welcome3．Luke told me to take a break from running.
A．have a break B．take a rest
C．have a rest D．all the above
4．—I have trouble _________ new word. Can you help me?
—Sure. You can look it up in the dictionary.
A．understanding B．to understand C．understand D．understood
5．—______ —I have a toothache.
A．What's wrong with you? B．What's the matter with you?
C．What's your trouble? D．A，B and C
6．Linda has trouble ____________ Chinese history.
A．learning B．learn C．to learn D．learned
7．— My sister has a stomachache.
— You should tell her and rest.
A．to lie down B．lying down C．lie down D．lay down
8．The driver was scared a lot when he saw an old man on the road.
A．lay B．lying C．to lie
9．If you don’t mind ______ , you’re sure to succeed one day.
A．take risks B．have risk
C．taking risks D．having risk
10．He made a decision risks.
A．take B．takes C．to take D．taking
11．They had to make a decision that could mean ___________________.
A．live and die B．life or die C．live and death D．life or death
12．I didn’t mean _____ Curry yesterday. It was pouring with rain so I accepted his offer of a lift.
A．to trouble B．trouble C．troubling D．troubled
13．--- I often see my friends use ASAP when chatting online. What does it mean, Simon?
--- It “as soon as possible”.
A．stands up B．stands for C．takes place D．takes away
14．The letters NBAmean the National Basketball Association.
A．are B．become
C．stand for D．instead
15．—Is Paul in control ________ this supermarket?—Yes. ________ our surprise, he really does a good job.
A．of; With B．with; With C．of; To D．with; To
16．________ the scientists’ hard work, Tiangong II was launched (发射) successfully.
A．As for B．Thanks to C．Instead of D．In control of
17．We all know the importance of _______ control of our own lives.
A．be in B．being in C．to be in D．in
18．I expect to _____a famous supermarket in the future.
A．in control of B．be in control of
C．be in the control D．in the control of
19．I couldn't believe that such an expensive car was________and crashed into another car.
A．without controlling B．out of control C．under the control
20．The traffic in Wuhan will be less busy ______ more subways.
A．because of B．because C．in control of D．thank for
21．My uncle was ______ control of a small company.
A．for B．in C．to D．on
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
22．Students need to take _____ (break) between two classes.
23．The boy usually plays computer games for hours without taking _____(break).
24．There are many people _________ (lie) on the beach and enjoying the sunshine now.
25．As we know, the driver is too tired and he needs _____(lie) down.
26．They __________ (decision) to spend their summer vacation together.
27．Wearing red can help you make a ________ (decision) quickly.
三、完成句子
28．Why not ____________________________________________________________________.
29．没有他的帮助，你能走出困境吗？
Can you ________ ________ ________ the trouble without his help?
30．当我们处于困境时，我们不应该放弃。
We shouldn’t ______ ______ when we are in trouble.
