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Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
教材核心词汇知识链接及典例解读
mess n.杂乱；不整洁
【教材原句】And she won't be happy if she sees this mess.而且如果她看见这样的杂乱，她会不高兴的。
【常见用法】mess作名词，意为“杂乱；不整洁”，是不可数名词。其常用短语 in a mess意为“乱七八
糟”，make a mess 意为“弄得一团糟”，a mess of...意为“一大堆···...”。
What a mess!太乱了！
You can make cookies if you promise not to make a mess in the kitchen.如果你答应不把厨房搞得乱七八糟，你
可以去做小甜饼。
【联想拓展】mess 还可以作动词，意为“把······弄乱”，短语 mess up 意为“弄糟；弄乱”。
She felt she'd messed up her whole life.她感觉她把自己整个生活都弄得一团糟。
Look!The room is in a mess.看！这间屋子一团糟。
neither adv.也不 pron.两者都不
【教材原句】For one week,she did not do any housework and neither did l.在一周时间里，她没做任何家务，
我也没做。
【常见用法】neither 作副词时，意为“也不”。neither作代词时，意为“两者都不”，后可跟单数名词，
也可
接of.neither...nor...意为“既不······也不···...”，连接两个并列主语时谓语动词的形式遵循“就近一致”原则。
neither的反义词是both.“neither+助动词／情态动词／be动词＋主语”表示上句否定的情况也适合于后者。
所用助动词／情态动词／be动词取决于前句，且助动词／情态动词／be动词的形式和后面的主语有关。
－He is not a doctor.他不是医生。
－Neither am 1.我也不是。
－Neither answer is correct.两个答案都不对。
－Neither she nor l am going to take a trip.我和她都不打算去旅行。
Note:“neither+助动词／情态动词／be动词＋主语”的反义结构是“so+助动词／情态动词／be动词＋主
语”，表示前面肯定的情况也适用于后者。
典例
①－Would you like some milk or coffee,sir?－ .Just a glass of water,please.
A.Both B.Either C.Neither D.None
【解析】由空后一句“Just a glass of water,please.”可知，空处指不要牛奶也不要咖啡，因此用
Neither,表示“两者都不”。
【答案】C
②Neither Tom nor I interested in playing WeChat.
A.am B.is C.are D.be
【解析】neither...nor...意为“既不······也不···...”，连接两个并列主语时谓语动词的形式遵循“就近一
致”原则，空前是1,因此应用am.故选A项。
【答案】A
borrow v.借；借用
【教材原句】Could I borrow that book?我可以借那本书吗？
【常见用法】borrow 意为“借；借用”，是非延续性动词，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。
You are allowed to borrow six books from the library at a time.你一次可以从图书馆借六本书。
【易混辨析】borrow,lend与keep的用法区别
borrow
意为“借；借用”，为非延续性动词，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。强调从别人那里把东西借来。
borrow sth. From sb./somewhere
lend
意为“借给；借出”，为非延续性动词，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。强调主语把东西借给别人使用。
lend sb. sth. =lend sth.to sb.
keep
意为“保存；保留”，为延续性动词，能和表示一段时间的状语及 how long连用。通常表示持有某物多
长时间。
keep sth.for+-段时间
He borrowed a dictionary from me yesterday.他昨天向我借了一本字典。
Can you lend me that book?你能把那本书借给我吗？
How long may I keep this book?这本书我可以借多久？
Tom always borrows many books from the library.汤姆总是从图书馆里借很多书。provide v.提供；供应
【教材原句】It is the parents' job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.在
家中给他们的孩子提供一个干净、舒适的环境是家长们的事情。
【常见用法】provide 作动词，意为“提供；供应”，常见搭配有 provide sth.for sb.,相当于 provide sb.
with sth.,意为“为某人提供某物”。
The project is designed to provide young people with work.该项目旨在为年轻人提供工作。
【易混辨析】provide与offer的用法区别
provide指为某人提供对方需要或想要的东西。
offer侧重主动提供。常见搭配有 offer sth. To sb.=offer sb. sth.和 offer to do sth..
This school provides new chairs and desks for the students.这所学校为学生们提供新的桌椅。
Mr.Brown often offers help to me.布朗先生经常为我提供帮助。
depend v.依靠；信赖
【教材原句】Children these days depend on their parents too much.如今孩子们太依赖他们的父母。
【常见用法】depend作动词，意为“依靠；信赖”。其常见用法有：
①That/lt depends.意为“视情况而定。”
②depend on sth.意为“取决于某事”，depend on sb.意为“依赖某人”。
－How long are you staying?你打算待多久？
－I don't know. It depends.不知道，看情况而定。
Choosing the right bike depends on what you want to use it for.选择合适的自行车取决于你想用它做什么。
【联想拓展】dependent作形容词，意为“依靠的；依赖的”，其反义词为independent,意为“独立的；自
主的”；dependence 作名词，意为“依赖；依靠”，其反义词为 independence,意为“独立”。
develop v.发展：壮大
【教材原句】Doing chores helps to develop children's independence and teaches them how to look after
themselves.做家务帮助发展孩子们的独立性，并教会他们如何照顾自己。
【常见用法】develop 作动词，意为“发展；壮大”，常见的短语有develop into...,意为“发展成···.··”；
develop from...,意为“由······发展而来”。
I'm looking for a job which can help me develop my skills.我正在找一份能帮我发展我的技能的工作。
【联想拓展】develop的形容词形式是 developed和developing,前者意为“（国家）发达的；（感觉、系统等）成熟的”，后者意为“（国家）发展中的；生长的”。其名词形式为 development,意为“发展”。
Note:一些动词加后缀－ment可变为名词，比如improve-improvement(提高），argue-argument（争论），
agree-agreement(协议）。
典例
Doing some chores at home helps to (develop)children's independence and make their future lives
easier.
【解析】根据 help to do sth.结构可知，此处应填develop.
【答案】develop
since conj.因为；既然 prep.,conj.&adu.从······以后；自······以来
【教材原句】Since they live in one house with their parents,they should know that everyone should do their part
in keeping it clean and tidy.既然他们和父母生活在同一所房子里，他们就应该知道每个人都应该为保持房屋
的干净和整洁尽一份力。
【常见用法】since可作连词，意为“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句，通常放在句首；也可引导时间状
语
从句，意为“从······以后；自······以来”。
Since you are unable to answer,perhaps we should ask someone else.既然你回答不了，那么我们也许应该问问
别人。
We have been waiting here since two o'clock.我们从两点钟就在这儿等了。
【易混辨析】since,because,as与for引导原因状语从句时的用法区别
since
引导的原因状语从句一般位于主句前，表示双方都已知的、显然的理由，用法比较正式，语气比because
弱。
because
表示直接原因，语气最强，常用于回答why开头的特殊疑问句。because 从句可位于主句前或主句后。
as
引导原因状语从句时，表示附带说明的“双方已知的原因”，含有对比说明的意味，语气比since弱，较
为正式，位置较为灵活，但常放在主句前。
for
引导的是并列句，表示原因，但并不构成主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些辅助性的补充说明。for引
导的并列句只放于主句后，并用逗号与主句隔开。Since everyone is here, let's start our class.既然大家都到齐了，我们就开始上课吧。
He didn't come to school,because he was ill.他没来上学，因为他生病了。
As Liu Na is not ready,we go without her.因为刘娜（音译）没准备好，我们只好没带她去。
The days are short,for it is December now.白天短了，因为现在是十二月份了。
一、单项选择
1．—Could I ________ your English dictionary?
—Sure, but you can't ________ it to others.
A．borrow; lend B．lend; borrow C．borrow; keep D．keep; borrow
2．—Tom didn’t have breakfast yesterday morning. Later he felt rather hungry.
— .
A．Neither did I B．Neither I did C．So did I D．So I did
3．—Excuse me, Can I your ruler?
—Sorry, I can’t it to you. I am using it now.
A．borrow; lend B．borrow; borrow C．lend; borrow D．lend; lend
4．– Last summer holiday, I didn’t go anywhere. How boring!
– . But I’m going somewhere for a holiday this summer.
A．Neither I did B．Neither did I C．So did I D．So I did
5．Don’t ________ any more time, or we will miss the meeting.
A．save B．trust C．waste D．love
6．The company can _________ lunch for you if you work there.
A．feed B．provide C．have D．eat
7．We must _________ ourselves. We have no choice.
A．depends on B．depend on C．depended on D．depending on
8．—Don’t be angry with your kid when he makes a mistake again, will you?
—No, I won’t. I know that _______ of us are perfect after all.
A．none B．neither C．no one D．all
9．My dad tells me not to ________ too late in the evening. He says it is dangerous.A．stay out B．come out C．find out D．give out
10．I have read all these books. I want to to a school library.
A．keep them down B．give them up
C．give them away D．pick them up
11．Can you provide us some information the computer?
A．for; with B．with; about C．with; with D．for; about
12．If you don’t want to watch the movie. ________ will I.
A．Each B．Both C．Either D．Neither
13．I ________ some money from him, but I’ll ________ it to him in a few days.
A．borrow; return B．lend; borrow
C．borrow; keep D．lend; keep
14．You should learn to be independent, Eric. Don’t ________ your parents too much.
A．look after B．help with C．depend on D．take out
15．Students at Green High School often ________ books from their school library and can ________ them for a
week.
A．keep; borrow B．lend; keep C．borrow; borrow D．borrow; keep
16．My brother was ________ with happiness when he was told that he had been accepted into a key high school.
A．filled B．full C．provided D．joined
17．—What a ________! Why not clean up your room?
—Sorry, I'll do it right now.
A．lie B．mess C．pity D．day
18．It's not good to ________ food. Let's take the dumplings away.
A．cook B．waste C．finish D．provide
19．—I have no idea what to do this weekend.
—You could do some volunteer work ________ you can kill the boring time.
A．in order to B．so that C．as long as D．even though
20．Children these days ________ their parents too much. They should learn how to look after themselves.
A．get off B．pick up C．deal with D．depend on
21．He went to Beijing ______ watch a football game.
A．so that B．because C．in order to D．in order that
22．This town is so beautiful and clean. I believe that it will ________ a big city in the future.
A．made of B．made from C．develop from D．develop into23．Helen has got two brothers. ________of them likes chocolate, but she loves it.
A．None B．Neither C．Each D．Any
24．We are planning to go for a picnic this weekend，but it________ the weather.
A．keeps on B．puts on C．depends on
25．—Could you take out the rubbish and do the dishes，Tony？
—Sure，Mom will be mad if she sees this _________，I think．
A．matter B．mess
C．trouble D．difficulty
二、短文选词填空
根据短文内容，从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，使短文完整、连贯，每词限用一次，
其中有两个多余。
depend，ill，waste，mess，fair，since，neighbor，stress，sweep，anyway，pass，provide
I work in a cleaning company.Usually people call us，and we 1 ． house cleaning service.
One day，I got a call from a man named David.“I want to help an old man.He just had surgery(手术) and is
still 2 ． .Can I pay for it without letting him know？” he asked.David was a very kind man.He called us because
he was worried about his 3 ． ，Mr.Smith.Mr.Smith just came back from the hospital.His house was in a 4 ． ，but
he couldn't do any housework.Even 5 ． the floor was difficult for him.He didn't tell his children because he didn't
want them to 6 ． their time taking care of him.David wanted to help Mr.Smith without bringing him any 7 ． .And
then we asked David what would happen if Mr.Smith would refuse to let us come into his house.“I have to at least
try，and 8 ． ，I really want to help him，” he said.
Luckily，Mr.Smith let us in and our workers did a good job. 9 ． we promised David not to tell his name，we
didn't tell too much to Mr.Smith.Mr.Smith was touched by the gift from someone he didn't know.Sometimes we
don't expect 10 ． on others，because we are afraid of letting them get into trouble.However，there is always
someone who cares for you and tries his best to help you.
三、多句选词填空
用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。
Neighbor fair stress drop develop
1．I can't sleep all night because I have too much ________ from the parents and the teachers.2．Our city is ________ quickly and getting more and more beautiful.
3．The ________ of the match is very important for sports players.
4．Amy was so careless that she ________ her favorite bear into the water.
5．She lives next to my house. We are ________．
