文档内容
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came？
教材核心词汇知识链接及典例解读
heavily adv.在很大程度上；大量地
【教材原句】was waiting for the bus when it began to rain heavily.雨开始下大的时候，我正在等公交车。
【常见用法】heavily为副词，意为“在很大程度上；大量地”。它的形容词形式是heavy,意为“很多的；
大
量的；程度大的”。
【联想拓展】①形容雨、雪下得大的时候，用形容词heavy或副词heavily;形容雨下得大还可以用副词
hard.
There will be a heavy rain tomorrow.明天将有一场大雨。
You'd better stay at home. It is raining heavily/hard outside.你最好待在家里。外面雨下得很大。
②形容风大的时候用strong/strongly,也可用high,high wind 意为“大风”。
The wind is so strong.=The wind is blowingstrongly.风太大了。
It is snowing heavily now.雪现在下得很大。
典例－Look!It's raining outside.
－Oh! Our clothes are still hanging in the yard!
A.strongly B.hardly C.greatly D.heavily
【解析】strongly 意为“坚决地；强烈地”，常用来形容风大；hardly 意为“几乎不”；greatly 意为“大
大地；非常”；heavily 意为“在很大程度上；大量地”，常用来形容雨或雪大。结合语境及空前的
raining 可知选D项。
【答案】D
pick up接电话
【教材原句】I called at seven and you didn't pick up.我在七点钟给你打过电话，但是你没接。
【常见用法】pick up 意为“接电话”，相当于pick up the phone.pick up 还可意为“捡起；拾起；（偶
然）
学会；（开车）接（人）”。
The phone rang. I didn't pick up because l was busy.电话响了。我没有接电话，因为我很忙。
Would you please help me pick up the book on the floor?你能帮我把地上的书捡起来吗？Dad told me that he would pick me up at the school gate.爸爸告诉我他会开车来校门口接我。
Note:pick p 为动副短语，若代词作其宾语，要放在动词和副词之间。
典例
Nowadays, it's common for a child to some knowledge of the computer just by watching others
working on it.
A.bring up B.pick up C.look up D.set up
【解析】句意为：现在，对于孩子来说，仅通过观察别人操作电脑就可以学会一些电脑知识是很常见的事
情。bring up 意为“提起；抚养”；pick up 意为“接电话；捡起；学会”；look up 意为“查找；查阅”；
set up
意为“建立”。结合语境和knowledge可知此处指学会一些电脑知识。故选B项。
【答案】B
go off（闹钟）发出响声
【教材原句】My alarm didn't go off so l got up late.我的闹钟没响，所以我起床晚了。
【常见用法】此处go off 意为“（闹钟）发出响声”。go off 还可意为“爆炸；（食物）变坏”。
This bottle of milk has gone off.这瓶牛奶变质了。
The bomb went off at 6:30 this morning.炸弹在今晨6时30分爆炸。
【联想拓展】含有go的其他常见短语：
go away 走开；消失
go back 回去；追溯到
go by(时间）过去
go over 重复；仔细检查
go up 上升
go down 下降；（飞机）坠落
report v.&n.报道；公布
【教材原句】The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area.电视新闻报道说，该地区
有一场大暴风雨。
【常见用法】此处report用作及物动词，意为“报道；公布”，其后可接名词、代词或从句作宾语。经常
用于被动语态中，“It is reported that...”意为“据报道······”。report还可以作可数名词，意为“报道；报
告”。The journalist reported the news.记者报道了这条新闻。
It is reported that it's going to rain tomorrow.据报道，明天会下雨。
This is a media report of the food shortages.这是一份关于食物短缺的媒体报道。
【联想拓展】reporter是report的名词形式，意为“记者”。
My sister is a news reporter.我姐姐是一位新闻记者。
beat v.敲打；打败
【教材原句】Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows.当
大雨开始拍打窗户的时候，本正在帮他妈妈做晚餐。
【常见用法】beat 此处用作不及物动词，意为“敲打”。beat还可以用作及物动词，意为“敲打；打败”。
She was beating the carpet with a stick.她正用一根棍子敲打地毯。
He beat me at chess.他下棋赢了我。
【联想拓展】beat还可以用作名词，意为“（连续有节奏的）跳动；敲击；节奏”。
Can you hear the beat of a drum?你能听见鼓声吗？
He beat all the other competitors and won first prize他击败了所有其他的竞争对手，并获得了第一名。
at first 起初；起先
【教材原句】Ben could not sleep at first.本起初无法入睡。
【常见用法】at first 意为“起初；起先”，可放在句首和句末。
At first,I didn't like Lucy.But later,we good friends.起初，我不喜欢露西。但后来，我们成了好朋友。
【联想拓展】frst of all意为“首先”，常位于句首。
We can do a lot to stay healthy.First of all,We should have a balanced diet.我们可以做很多事情来保持健康。首
先，我们应该饮食均衡。
realize v.理解；领会；认识到
【教材原句】Kate realized her bag was still at home.凯特意识到她的包还在家里。
【常见用法】realize 用作及物动词，意为“理解；领会；认识到”，不用于进行时态，其后可接名词、代
词
或从句作宾语。realize作及物动词，还可意为“卖现；使成为现实”。
I realized that he told me a lie.我意识到他对我撒了谎。All my wishes have been realized.我所有的愿望都实现了。
典例
It was only later that Jerry his mistake.
A.taught B.drew C.realized D.chose
【解析】句意为：直到后来杰里才认识到他的错误。teach 意为“教；讲授”；draw 意为“画”；realize
意为
“理解；领会；认识到”；choose 意为“选择”。结合语境可知答案为C项。
【答案】C
asleep adj.睡着
【教材原句】He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m.当风在早晨3点左右逐
渐减弱的时候，他才最终睡着。
【常见用法】asleep 用作形容词，常常作表语，一般不作定语。fall asleep是固定搭配，意为“进入梦乡；
睡着”。
He was asleep at that time.那个时候他正在睡觉。
【联想拓展】sleep 作动词时，意为“睡觉”；作名词时，意为“睡眠”；sleepy 为形容词，意为“困倦
的”。
I can't sleep because of the noise outside.外面的噪声吵得我无法睡觉。
Linda didn't have a good sleep last night.琳达昨晚没睡好。
Jim stayed up late last night, so he feels sleepy now.吉姆昨晚熬夜到很晚，所以他现在感觉很困。
rise v.&n.升起；增加；提高
【教材原句】When he woke up,the sun was rising.当他醒来时，太阳正在升起。
【常见用法】rise是不及物动词，后面不直接接宾语，也不能用于被动语态。意为“升起；增加；提高”，
当表示提高的意思时，rise一般用物作主语。rise 还可表示太阳的上升、河水的上涨等。此外，rise 还可
以作名词。
The price of apples in this store rises to $4 per kilo.这家商店苹果的价格涨到了4美元每千克。
The river is rising after the heavy rain.大雨之后，河水上涨了。
There is an alarming rise in unemployment this year.今年失业率上升惊人。
【联想拓展】raise 是及物动词，后面可直接接宾语。意为“升起；增加；提高”，当表示提高时，raise一般
用人作主语。raise还有“举起；筹集；饲养”的意思。
常见短语 raise sb.'s hand 意为“举手”，raise money for...意为“为······筹钱”。
Many stores have raised their prices.很多商店都涨价了。
My grandmother raises some ducks in her yard.我的奶奶在她的院子里养了一些鸭子。
We have great trouble in raising so much money.我们筹够这么多钱有很大困难。
completely adv.彻底地；完全地
【教材原句】My parents were completely shocked!我父母完全震惊了！
【常见用法】completely 作副词，意为“彻底地；完全地”。
He has completely forgotten my name.他彻底把我的名给忘了。
【联想拓展】complete 作动词时，意为“结束；完成”；作形容词时，意为“完全的；彻底的”。
When will the work be completed?这项工作什么时候完成？
Can you make a complete sentence using these words?你能用这些词造一个完整的句子吗？
典例
I （complete) forgot that it's his birthday today.
【解析】句意为：我完全忘了今天是他的生日。结合语境可知空处应填副词修饰动词 forgot,故填
completely.
【答案】completely
一、单项选择
1．— I felt ________ last night and then I fell ________ quickly.
— I think you need more rest.
A．sleepy; asleep B．asleep; asleep C．sleepy; sleepy D．asleep; sleepy
2．I think we will ________ them and we will ________ the football match.
A．beat; win B．win; beat C．beat; beat
3．Whenever I see the birds, I’ll ________ flying in the sky.
A．dream of B．think up C．work on D．pick up
4．—Will you tell Mr. Green about the matter by email?
—No. I will go ________.A．at first B．all the time C．in person
5．—We’d better go to the airport now.
—No need to hurry. Our plane will ________ in three hours.
A．take off B．clean off C．go off
6．Melting ice（融冰）can cause sea level to rise. Since 1993, sea level __________ at a speed of 3.2cm every 10
years.
A．rose B．has risen C．rises
7．________, I didn’t like English. But now it’s my favorite subject.
A．So far B．After all C．As usual D．At first
8．The sun ________ in the east and sets in the west.
A．rises B．travels C．climbs D．runs
9．— The temperature __________ often these days.
— So it does. The highest temperature was 18℃ yesterday, but it is 6℃ today. And it will be 10℃ tomorrow.
A．changes B．rises C．drops D．stays
10．Martin ________ the floor when his friend called him up.
A．sweeps B．swept C．is sweeping D．was sweeping
11．—Is there a ________ in today’s newspaper?
— Yes. It’s about the storm.
A．report B．news C．advice D．information
12．—It’s raining ________ outside. Let’s stay at home.
—OK. We can play the games.
A．hardly B．quickly C．slowly D．heavily
13．I didn’t ________ it rained until I got out of the classroom.
A．like B．realize C．hope D．hate
14．To tell the ________, I didn’t go to the party.
A．true B．truth C．cloud D．light
15．It will become very hot when the sun ________ at this time of the year.
A．raises B．falls C．falls down D．rises
16．I got up so late this morning because my clock didn’t ________.
A．go on B．go out C．go up D．go off
17．My alarm clock doesn’t ________. My dad will have it repaired.
A．take off B．put off C．run off D．go off18．—Why didn’t you come to the picnic yesterday?
—Sorry. I was so busy with my homework that I ________ forgot it.
A．completely B．suddenly C．recently D．quietly
19．At last he _________ studying hard was very important. He decided to study harder.
A．thought B．said C．asked D．realized
20．As we know, the sun _________ in the east and sets in the west.
A．rises B．travels C．climbs D．runs
21．The newspaper ________ that about 300 people were killed in the fire.
A．guessed B．discussed C．spoke D．reported
22．She didn’t know the strange man and had to ________ the police for help.
A．look B．visit C．call D．run
23．My alarm didn’t _________ this morning, so I got up late and didn’t catch the first school bus.
A．get off B．run off C．turn off D．go off
24．Although it is raining _________, the policemen are still on duty in the street.
A．clearly B．directly C．heavily D．quickly
25．—Is there an important ________ in today’s newspaper?
—Yes. It’s about the storm.
A．report B．news C．advice D．article
26．—Did you find our old school last week?
—Yes, but with much difficulty, for it ________ changed.
A．completely B．never C．hardly D．heavily
27．Don’t read books in the sun. The strong _________ will hurt your eyes.
A．wind B．cloud C．light D．match
28．—Did Mike ________ the match?
—No, he didn’t. Tom ________ him.
A．win；beat B．win；won C．beat；won D．beat；beat
29．I see them walk by my house every day.(选择同义项)
A．run to B．pass by C．come up D．clean up
30．After you watch this program, you will ________ how much danger they face.
A．realize B．receive C．reach D．refuse
二、根据首字母填空1．Keep trying and believe in yourself, then nothing can b________ you.
2．While they were s__________ the floor, their teacher came in.
3．Don’t lie (撒谎) to me. You must tell me the t________.
4．She said nothing, just standing there in s________.
5．The old man was s________ when he heard that his son was killed in the accident.
6．—What’s the d________ today?
—It’s April 8th.
7．We should put off the basketball game because there will be a rainstorm in this a________.
8．I put an a________ on the desk in order to get up early in the morning.
9．Mr. Black is busy, so Mr. Smith is going to the meeting i________ of him.
三、根据汉语提示填空
1．My grandpa is getting old, he always falls ________（睡着的）watching TV.
2．—How many ________ (章节) are there in the text?
—Ten. I need to read two of them.
3．The event happened ________ (不久前).
4．We need to put some more ________（木头）on the fire.
5．There’s a ________（奇怪的）thing in front of me in the dark. I don’t know what it is.
6．Do you know who broke the ________ (窗户)?
7．A bird flew into our classroom _________ (突然) while we were doing homework.
8．What were you doing when the basketball _________（比赛）began?
