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模块五模拟检测
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
1.What does the woman think of the talk？
A. Wonderful. B. Uninteresting. C. Full of facts.
2.What are they doing now?
A. They are having a rest.
B. They want to keep something.
C. They are climbing a hill.
3.What did the man do last night?
A. He watched a play. B. He did nothing. C. He stayed at home.
4.Where are they talking now?
A. At a hotel. B. At the airport. C. In the bookstore.
5.Does the man often call home?
A. No,he doesn’t. B. Not very often. C. Yes,he does.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1 . 5分，满分22. 5分)
听第6段对话，回答第6至7题。
6.Where did the conversation take place?
A. At a shop. B. On the street. C. In the man’s house.
7.What is the relationship between the two speakers?
A. Driver and policeman. B. Husband and wife. C. Customer and shopkeeper.
听第7段对话，回答第8至9题。
8.How did the man travel?
A. By air. B. By train. C. By ship.
9.What can we learn from this conversation?
A. The man was a friend of the manager.
B. Cindy was the wife of the manager.
C. It was the first time that Mr. Brown had seen Cindy.
听第8段对话，回答第10至12题。
10.What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Sister and brother. B. Teacher and student. C. Husband and wife.11.What does “kids” mean according to this conversation?
A. Boys. B. Children. C. Girls.
12.How many people are there in the house at the moment?
A. Three. B. Five. C. Six.
听第9段对话，回答第13至16题。
13.Where did the conversation take place?
A. In a shop. B. In a market. C. In a factory.
14.What color of paint did the woman want?
A. Dark blue. B. Light blue. C. Sky blue.
15.How much was the paint?
A. Twenty dollars. B. Thirty dollars. C. Forty dollars.
16.Until when should the man work?
A. Until seven o’clock. B. Until eight o’clock. C. Until nine o’clock.
听第10段独白，回答第17至20题。
17.Who stays with the children when the speaker goes out?
A. His mother. B. His wife’s mother. C. The servant.
18.Why do the speaker’s children dislike eating in restaurants?
A. Because the food is not delicious.
B. Because they have to be quiet for a long time.
C. Because the food is not enough.
19.Why doesn’t the speaker’s father get fat?
A. Because he works very hard on the farm for a long time.
B. Because he doesn’t eat much.
C. Because he doesn’t eat meat.
20.Why does the speaker’s father eat again right after he comes back from a restaurant?
A. Because he is hungry.
B. Because he is not used to the food.
C. Because he likes the food at home.
1-5 BCABC 6-10 ACACC 11-15BAACA 16-20BBBAA
听力原文
Text 1
W: Don’t you think his talk was boring?M: No, not at all. He gave us plenty of facts.
Text 2
W: Would you like to stop for a rest now?
M: Oh,let’s keep going. We are almost at the top of the hill.
Text 3
W: Did you go to the theatre last night?
M: Yes,I did.
W: What did you think of the play?
M: It was excellent.
Text 4
W: This plane should have taken off half an hour ago.
M: I’m sorry for the delay. We’ll be taking off shortly.
Text 5
W: I wish I had the time to call home as often as you do.
M: Yes,I really like to keep in touch with my family．
Text 6
M: I really like this shirt. But I am afraid it is not my size.
W: Try it on first. If it is the wrong size, you can try another one.
M: Oh,where is the changing room?
W: It’s over there by the mirror.
M: Can I take two shirts to try on now?
W: Yes, you can take three shirts at a time to try on.
M: I just want to try on these two that I like.
W: OK,I’ll wait here to help you when you have finished.
Text 7
M: Hello, how do you do? I’m John Brown.
W: Hello,Mr.Brown.How do you do? It’s a pleasure to meet you.
M: Thank you. You must be Cindy. The manager of your company called me and said you would come to meet
me.
W: Yes. I’m Cindy. Let me take this suitcase for you,please.
M: Thanks. That’s very kind of you.
W: What about your bag? Would you like me to carry it?M: No,thanks. I can manage it myself.
W: How was the flight?
M: Not bad.
Text 8
W: Hi, dear. You’re home early.
M: Hi,darling. Where were you?
W: I was in the bathroom.
M: Where are the kids?
W: Jack’s at the library. Bill and Tom are at football practice.
M: And Susan?
W: She was here a few minutes ago. Maybe she’s in her room.
M: Oh,I’m tired.
W: How was your day?
M: Busy, but not bad.
Text 9
M: Can I help you?
W: Yes. I want to paint my son’s bedroom. I think sky blue is a pretty color.
M: How big is the room?
W: Not very big.
M: How many gallons of paint do you want?
W: I don’t know.
M: Look, why don’t you tell your painter to buy the paint?
W: I am the painter.
M: Well, then. Do you know the size of the room?
W: No. I’m sorry, I don’t.
M: Is it larger or smaller than this store?
W: It’s about half the size of this store.
M: You need two gallons.
W: Now what do I do?
M: Madam, why don’t you get a painter?
W: My son and I want to paint the room together.
M: All right. Here read these instructions. Do you want the paint now?W: Yes, please.
M: Two gallons of sky blue. That’s $ 20.
W: Thank you. What time do you close?
M: We’re open till 8: 00 tonight.
Text 10
My wife and I occasionally go to a nice restaurant to eat. My wife’s mother, lives with us and she stays with
the children. This makes it very easy for us to go out for the evening.
Last week we went to the restaurant in a new hotel. We had a wonderful meal. First, we had soup and a salad.
Then Helen, my wife, had mutton with peas and carrots, and I had beefsteak with potatoes. For dessert, I had
some ice cream and Helen had fresh fruit. We had several cups of coffee after we finished eating. The food was
delicious, the quantity was large, and it wasn’t too expensive.
Our children don’t like to eat in restaurants because they have to sit and be quiet for a long time. They would
rather go to their grandmother’s farm. Their grandmother—my mother prepares everything they like. She usually
has fried chicken, corn, and hot biscuits with honey. She always serves plenty of chocolate ice cream and cake for
dessert.
I’m always surprised that my father doesn’t weigh a lot more when I see how much he eats. But he works
very hard on the farm from about 5 o’clock in the morning until it gets dark in the evening.
When my parents visit us in the city, we usually take them to a restaurant. I know they enjoy it, but my father
always eats something else after he gets home. The quantity may be large in the restaurant, but it is still not large
enough for a hungry farmer.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(改编自2020·西藏拉萨中学高三月考)Having friends may well keep you healthier and help you deal with
stress better. Some studies show that people with close friends have a greater ability to fight disease than people
who are alone.
Make friendship a priority. Find the time to be with friends even if it means letting the lawn go unmoved or the
dishes unwashed for a while. When you can’t get together, use the phone to keep in touch.
Open up to close friends. Maintaining a deep friendship requires a level of “heartfelt” intimacy. Don’t be
afraid to express your inner fears and disappointments. Listen to your friends when they have problems, but offeradvice only when it’s wanted. Help raise friends’ self-esteem when they are shaken by a job loss, or other such
events.
Have different friends for different activities, such as going to the movies, singing in a choir, and joining in a
bowling league.
Don’t wait for a friend to ask a favor. When a friend has the flu, offer to go to the store or drive his or her
children to their after-school activities.
Never take a friendship for granted. Like a good marriage, friendship needs care and patience. Become a
joiner. Find a group that matches your interests.
Talk to strangers. Conversations started in museums, laundry rooms, or bookstores can lead to firm friendship.
Enroll in an adult－education course. A classroom is an ideal place to meet others with similar interests.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了朋友的重要性，如何交朋友和维持友谊。
21.According to the passage, you’d better offer advice to your friends ________.
A. at any moment B. only when they are happy
C. only when they want it D. only when you are glad
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Listen to your friends when they have problems, but offer advice only
when it’s wanted.(当你的朋友有麻烦的时候，倾听他们的意见，但是只在需要的时候提供建议)”
可知，你最好只在你的朋友需要的时候提供建议。故选C。
22.What we should do to have friends according to the author?
A. Make friendship a priority. B. Open up to close friends.
C. Never take a friendship for granted. D. All the above.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Make friendship a priority.(把友谊放在首位)”；第三段中“Open up
to close friends.(对亲密的朋友敞开心扉)”以及倒数第三段中“Never take a friendship for granted.
(永远不要把友谊视为理所当然)”可知，作者认为，我们应该把友谊放在首位、对亲密的朋友敞
开心扉和永远不要认为友谊是理所当然的才能交到朋友。故选D。
23.Which of the statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. You should have different friends for the same activities.
B. You should wait for a friend to ask a favor.
C. You should avoid talking with strangers in museums, laundry rooms, or bookstores.D. You should never take a friendship for granted.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Never take a friendship for granted. Like a good marriage,
friendship needs care and patience. Become a joiner. Find a group that matches your interests.(永远不
要把友谊视为理所当然。就像美满的婚姻一样，友谊需要关心和耐心。做一个主动参与者。找
到一个与你志同道合的圈子)”可知，D选项“你永远不应该把友谊视为理所当然”正确。故选
D。
B
(2021·南昌市八一中学高三模拟) Iman, the last Sumatran rhino(犀牛)in Malaysia, died in 2019 — bringing
the endangered species one step closer to extinction. Now, Malaysian scientists are hoping to use tissues and cells
from Iman and other dead rhinos to bring the population back.
“Before the three rhinos (the last survivors in Malaysia) died, we got their cells, and the cells are still alive —
which is why I’m quite confident,” Dr. Lokman said. “If we don’ t have any cells, or have just tissue that isn’t
living anymore, we wouldn’t be able to do anything. But now we have a living thing that we can use.”
The cells came from the rhinos’ hearts, lungs and brains. What is the most important is that the team collected
stem cells (干细胞). One possible approach is to develop these stem cells into an egg(卵子)and sperm(精子), to
create an embryo(胚胎)that will be placed into a surrogate mother(代孕母亲). She will likely be another rhino,
either a Sumatran rhino from another country or another species. The other method is to take the egg of a surrogate
animal, remove the nucleus(细胞核), and join it with a Sumatran rhino’s body cell. This technique was famously
used to clone Dolly the sheep in 1996. Dr. Lokman and his colleagues are trying both ways. The team is still in the
early stages; next, they need to find a suitable surrogate female.
Sumatran rhinos are listed as critically endangered by the World Wildlife Fund. There are less than 80 alive in
Indonesia and Thailand. The fall in the population was first caused by hunting. Later, the situation was worsened by
the loss of habitats and human activity. Unfortunately, there are now only five remaining rhino species worldwide,
and all are threatened. Some sub-species have already died out; the western black rhino was declared extinct in
2013. And it is a pity that the last male northern white rhino died in 2019.
【语篇导读】这篇文章是说明文。主要介绍了马来西亚科学家团队希望利用克隆技术，使濒危的苏门答腊
犀牛种群重新繁荣。
24.What makes it possible for the team to bring the Sumatran rhinos population back?A. They have collected three rhinos living cells.
B. They have carried out similar experiments before.
C. There is a baby Sumatran rhino living in Malaysia.
D. There are still some cells alive in the dying rhino.
【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Before the three rhinos (the last survivors in Malaysia) died, we got their
cells, and the cells are still alive — which is why I’m quite confident, (在这三头犀牛死去之前，我们
获得了他们身上的活体细胞，这就是我非常有信心的原因)”可知，该科学家团队掌握了活体细
胞，就能将苏门答腊犀牛种群数量繁衍扩大。故选A项。
25.What do the two methods have in common?
A. Both have been used for Dolly. B. Both change the cell’ s nucleus.
C. Both involve a surrogate female. D. Both rely on the Sumatran rhinos’ stem cells.
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段“One possible approach is to develop these stem cells into an egg(卵
子)and sperm(精子), to create an embryo (胚胎) that will be placed into a surrogate mother (代孕母亲).
(一种可行的方法就是，将这些干细胞培植入一个卵子和精子中。这样做的目的是创造一个能
放入代孕妈妈体内的胚胎)”和“The other method is to take the egg of a surrogate animal, (另一个办
法就是取出一个代孕妈妈体内的卵子)”可知，两种方法的共同点在于，它们都需要一个代孕妈
妈。故选C项。
26.What feeling does the author express in the last paragraph?
A. Her admiration for cloning technology. B. Her satisfaction with the scientists’ efforts.
C. Her disappointment at protection measures. D. Her deep worry about the rhino population.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Unfortunately, there are now only five remaining rhino species
worldwide, and all are threatened.(不幸的是，目前全世界仅剩五个犀牛物种，它们的生存所有都
受到威胁)”可知，作者对锐减的犀牛种群数量充满担忧。故选D项。
27.What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Last Sumatran rhino in Malaysia has died. B. Scientists hope to clone Sumatran rhinos.
C. Stem cells are giving birth to new rhino babies. D. Sumatran rhinos are listed as critically endangered.
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章首段“Now, Malaysian scientists are hoping to use tissues and cells fromIman and other dead rhinos to bring the population back.(现在，马来西亚科学家希望使用Iman和其
他死亡犀牛的组织和细胞，使犀牛复生)”可知，全文主要讲述了马来西亚科学家希望通过克隆
技术，使苏门答腊犀牛复生。故选B项。
C
(2021·湖北武汉市高三三模)As a child, Paolo Fanciulli was attracted by underwater abandoned ships ,
particularly the fish and seagrass that lived in them. But in the past decade , his job as a fisherman has grown
harder, as trawling(用拖网捕鱼)near the coast has been destroying the Mediterranean ecosystem.“The nets are
weighed down with heavy chains to be dragged on the sea bottom, so they uproot the seagrass that is key to the
Mediterranean ecosystem" he said.
While Italian law bans trawling within 5.5km of the coast, it's so profitable that it's not uncommon for boats to
carry on illegally at night.
In 2006, a desperate Tuscan government dropped concrete blocks into the sea to interrupt the trawlers.
Fanciulli said they didn't work as they were too far apart and the nets simply dragged between them. He then began
to wonder: what if, instead of dropping concrete blocks into the water, he dropped art? He asked a mine in nearby
Carrara to donate two marble blocks to make sculptures. They donated 100 instead.
Through word of mouth , contributions and online crowdfunding, Fanciulli persuaded artists including Giorgio
Butini and Beverly Pepper to carve sculptures from the marble.Then he took them to sea and lowered them in. The
underwater sculptures create both a physical brier for nets and a unique underwater museum.
The“museum”appears to be having some effects gradually. Although 10 years ago the seagrass was
disappearing, it is now growing back. The statues also deserve credit for helping to preserve the fishing industry by
protecting the fish resources because the nursery areas of various commercial fish species are below the coast. All
kinds of undersea life appears to be returning. Seagrass covers the statues, shellfish has taken up residence, and
more dolphins have been seen.
Fanciulli hopes to build on the museum's success.“We put in the first statues in 2007 but our goal is to reach
100,”he said, sensing an opportunity.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲拖网捕鱼对生态系统产生了不良的影响，Paolo Fanciull，一
个渔夫想出来一个方法来解决：在海底放置大理石雕塑，改善了生态系统。
28.What has made Fanciulli’s job grow harder?
A. An illegal fishing practice. B. The declining fishing industry.
C. The concrete blocks underwater. D. The increasing number of fishermen.
【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“But in the past decade , his job as a fisherman has grown harder, as
trawling (用拖网捕鱼)near the coast has been destroying the Mediterranean ecosystem.“The nets are
weighed down with heavy chains to be dragged on the sea bottom, so they uproot the seagrass that is
key to the Mediterranean ecosystem" he said. ”( 但在过去的十年里，他作为渔民的工作变得越来越
困难，因为在海岸附近拖网捕鱼破坏了地中海的生态系统。他说：“渔网被沉重的链条拖到海
底，因此它们连根拔起了对地中海生态系统至关重要的海草。”)以及第二段“While Italian law
bans trawling within 5.5km of the coast, it's so profitable that it's not uncommon for boats to carry on
illegally at night.”( 尽管意大利法律禁止在海岸5.5公里范围内进行拖网捕鱼，但这是如此有利可
图，以至于船只在夜间进行非法活动并不罕见)由此可知，拖网捕鱼，一种违法行为使Fanciulli
的工作变得越来越难，故选A。
29.What does Fancilli mean by“dropped art”in paragraph 3?
A. Establishing an art museum. B. Removing the concrete blocks.
C. Appealing for artists' donation. D. Laying sculptures under the sea.
【答案】D
【解析】词义猜测题。根据下文“He asked a mine in nearby Carrara to donate two marble (大理石) blocks to
make sculptures. ”(他请求卡拉拉附近的矿山捐赠两块大理石用于雕刻。)以及第四段“Through
word of mouth , contributions and online crowdfunding, Fanciulli persuaded artists including Giorgio
Butini and Beverly Pepper to carve sculptures from the marble.Then he took them to sea and lowered
them in. The underwater sculptures create both a physical brier for nets and a unique underwater
museum. ”(通过口口相传、捐款和在线众筹，法胡利说服了乔治·布蒂尼(Giorgio Butini)和贝弗
利·佩珀(Beverly Pepper)等艺术家用大理石雕刻雕像。然后他把他们带到海里，放下去。这些水
下雕塑为渔网创造了一个物理的荆棘和一个独特的水下博物馆)由此可推断上文意思是代替往海
里扔混凝土，而是放置雕塑。故猜测“dropped art”意为“在海底放置雕塑”，故选D。
30.Which of the following can best describe Fanciulli’s measure?
A. Fruitless. B. Doubtful. C. Conventional. D. Rewarding.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第六段“The ‘museum’ appears to be having some effects gradually. … All kinds
of undersea life appears to be returning. Seagrass covers the statues, shellfish has taken up residence,
and more dolphins have been seen.”(“博物馆”似乎正在逐渐发挥一些作用。虽然10年前海草正
在消失，但现在又重新长出来了。这些雕像还因为保护了鱼类资源而帮助保护了捕鱼业，因为各种商业鱼类的苗圃都在海岸下面。各种海底生物似乎都在回归。海草覆盖着雕像，贝类在这
里定居，越来越多的海豚被发现)由此可推断出Fanciulli的方法起作用了，所以是Rewarding(值
得的)。故选D。
31.What's the text mainly about?
A. Benefits brought by fine arts. B. Harm trawling does to marine life.
C. Efforts by a fisherman to protect sea life. D. Attempts by artists to preserve biodiversity.
【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“ ‘The nets are weighed down with heavy chains to be dragged on the
sea bottom, so they uproot the seagrass that is key to the Mediterranean ecosystem’ he said. ”(他说：
“渔网被沉重的链条拖到海底，因此它们连根拔起了对地中海生态系统至关重要的海草。”)，
第三段“He then began to wonder: what if, instead of dropping concrete blocks into the water, he
dropped art? ”
(然后他开始思考：如果他不是把混凝土块扔进水里，而是把艺术品扔进水里会怎么样?)以及第
六段“The ‘museum’ appears to be having some effects gradually.”(“博物馆”似乎正在逐渐发挥
一些作用)由此可知，文章主要讲拖网捕鱼对生态系统产生了不良的影响，Paolo Fanciull，一个
渔夫想出来一个方法来解决：在海底放置大理石雕塑，改善了生态系统。因此 C选项“一个渔
民保护海洋生物的努力。”符合主旨大意，故选C。
D
(改编自2021·天津高三模拟)When I was 17 years old I had surgery because of a disease. The day after the
surgery, I awoke to find a friend of mine sitting in a chair across from my bed. I don’ t remember much about his
visit. But I will not forget that he visited me on that day, and sat there for I don’ t know how long, while I was under
the influence of a morphine drip(输液). We benefit greatly from our close friendships, but they are not a matter of
calculable gain or loss.
Our age, what we might call the age of economics, is strongly influenced by two types of relationships that
reflect the lives we are encouraged to lead. There are consumer relationships, those that we participate in for the
pleasure they bring us. They are focused on the present. It is what brings immediate pleasure that matters. And there
are entrepreneurial(商业的)relationships, those that we invest in, hoping they will bring us some return.
Aristotle thought that there were three types of friendship: those of pleasure, those of usefulness, and true
friendship. In Pleasure Friendships, he said, “It is not for their character that men love ready-witted people, but
because they find them pleasant.” About the usefulness friendships, he said, “Those who love each other for theirutility(效用)do not love each other for themselves, but because of some good which they get from each other.”
Although we benefit from our close friendships, these friendships are not a matter of calculable gain and loss.
Consumer pleasures are lasting for only a limited time. They surround us for a short period and then they fade, like
a drug. Entrepreneur friendship, when successful, leads to the victory of personal gain.
It is precisely the non-economic character that is threatened in a society in which each of us is offered only the
choices of ownership, shopping, competition and growth. It is threatened when we are led to believe that
friendships without obvious recognizable gain are, in the economic sense, irrational(不合理的). Friendships are not
without reason, perhaps, but they are certainly without that particular reason. Shared experience, not just everyday
amusement or advancement, is the true basis of friendship.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了经济时代的友谊。作者通过对三种类型的友谊的解释来说服
读者接受他的论点。
32.The author mentions his operation in the first paragraph to ________.
A. recall one of his best friends B. advise people to visit sick friends
C. introduce the topic of true friendship D. talk about the experience of surgery
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段When I was 17 years old I had surgery because of a disease. The day after
the surgery, I awoke to find a friend of mine sitting in a chair across from my bed. I don’ t remember
much about his visit. But I will not forget that he visited me on that day, and sat there for I don’ t know
how long, while I was under the influence of a morphine drip (输液). We benefit greatly from our close
friendships, but they are not a matter of calculable gain or loss.“当我17岁的时候，我因为一种疾
病做了手术。手术后的第二天，我醒来发现我的一个朋友坐在我床对面的椅子上。关于他的来
访我记得不太清楚了。但我不会忘记他那天来看我，在我注射吗啡的影响下，他在那里坐了不
知道多久。我们从亲密的友谊中获益良多，但它不是一件可以计算得失的事情”由此可知，作
者在第一段提到了他的手术，是为了介绍真正友谊的话题。故选C。
33.Consumer relationships center on ________.
A. the sharing of joy and sorrow B. mutual support in times of trouble
C. personal gain or personal loss D. immediate pleasure
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中 There are consumer relationships, those that we participate in for the
pleasure they bring us. They are focused on the present. It is what brings immediate pleasure that
matters.“还有消费者关系，我们参与其中是因为他们给我们带来快乐。他们专注于现在。真正重要的是能立即带来快乐”由此可知，消费者关系以即时愉悦为中心。故选D。
34.The author tries to persuade readers to accept his argument by ________.
A. explaining three types of friendship B. discussing questions
C. analyzing causes and effects D. providing examples and facts
【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第一句 Aristotle thought that there were three types of friendship: those of
pleasure, those of usefulness, and true friendship.“亚里士多德认为有三种类型的友谊:愉悦的，有
用的，和真正的友谊”由此可知，作者试图通过对三种类型的友谊的解释来说服读者接受他的
论点。故选A。
35.The author seems to support the idea that ________.
A. friendships are a matter of calculable gain or loss
B. there are no specific reasons for friendship
C. short-term pleasure is the center of friendship
D. everyday amusement is the true basis of friendship
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中 Friendships are not without reason, perhaps, but they are certainly
without that particular reason. “友谊也许不是没有理由的，但他们肯定没有那个特殊的理由”由
此可知，作者似乎支持友谊没有具体原因的观点。故选B。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2021·湖北高三三模)When I was teaching, we talked a lot about high vs. low-stakes(风险)writing.
Recently, I’ve been thinking about friendships the same way—high and low-stakes friendships. Since the stakes
might be different for men and women, will limit this discussion to women’s friendships with men and women.
36
Friendships are high stakes when they are intimate(亲密的). 3 7 We also depend on the other person for
support in difficult times; advice in times of conflict, and sympathy in times of regret. We feel “known” by them.
The loss of a high-stakes friend is painful: it has a noticeable impact on our lives.
Low-stakes friendships, on the other hand, are more casual and limited emotionally. We may play bridge or
tennis together; go out for dinner with our partners. 3 8 We don’t share any feelings or experiences that would
make us feel emotionally fragile and we do not talk about feelings toward each other. The loss of a low-stakes
friend may be regrettable, but it does not leave any mark in our lives.According to Professor Harry Stack Sullivan, the first high-stakes friendship is typically formed in pre-
adolescence with friend of the same sex, a “chum”(密友). Chumship is a relationship in which the other person’s
interest and security become as important as one’s own.
3 9 The preadolescent who successfully enters a chumship finds someone with whom she can share her
innermost thoughts and feelings. To her chum, she can reveal what she feels to be the most terrible things about
herself in an atmosphere of acceptance. Successful chumships offer an opportunity to work through disagreements
and learn to compromise. 40
A. But we do not feel “known”.
B. What do I mean by high and low-stakes friendships?
C. The formation of chumship is crucial to personality growth.
D. It is a developmental stage that lays the groundwork for later relationships.
E. We share feelings about important aspects of our lives and about each other.
F. An end to the friendship would have a dramatic impact on our sense of well-being.
G. Chumships occur during preadolescence (10-12), but they can continue much longer than that.
【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。主要讲述了高风险和低风险的友谊。
36.【答案】B
【解析】根据上文“When I was teaching, we talked a lot about high vs. low-stakes(风险)writing. Recently,
I’ve been thinking about friendships the same way—high and low-stakes friendships. Since the stakes
might be different for men and women, will limit this discussion to women’s friendships with men
and women.(当我教书的时候，我们谈论了很多关于高风险和低风险写作的话题。最近，我一
直在思考友谊，就像高风险和低风险的友谊一样。因为男人和女人的利害关系可能不同，这将
把讨论局限于女人与男人和女人的友谊。)”，再结合第二段“Friendships are high stakes when
they are intimate.(当友谊是亲密的时候，它们是高风险的)”，以及第三段“Low-stakes
friendships, on the other hand, are more casual and limited emotionally.(另一方面，低风险的友谊更
随意，情感上也更有限)”可以看出，第一段提到友谊有高风险和低风险两种模式，且二、三段
分别介绍高风险和低风险友谊的内涵。所以B选项：“What do I mean by high and low-stakes
friendships?(我所说的高风险和低风险友谊是什么意思呢？)”，正好起承上启下的作用，故选
B。
37.【答案】E
【解析】根据上文“Friendships are high stakes when they are intimate.(当友谊是亲密的时候，它们是高风
险的)”，因此可以看出，接下来是对高风险友谊的描述。E选项：“We share feelings aboutimportant aspects of our lives and about each other.(我们彼此分享各自生活的方方面面和对对方的
感觉)”这是高风险友谊的描述之一，符合题意。故选E。
38.【答案】A
【解析】根据第二段的“We feel ‘known’ by them.(我们觉得他们‘了解’我们。)”，A选项“But we do
not feel ‘known’.(但我们并不觉得被人‘知道’。)”与其作对比，是对低风险友谊的阐述，符合
题意。故选A。
39.【答案】C
【解析】第四段的第二行引出了“密友”，以及第四段的“Chumship is a relationship in which the other
person’s interest and security become as important as one’s own.(密友是一种关系，在这种关系中，
对方的利益和安全变得和自己的一样重要)”，而设空处空处下一句“The preadolescent who
successfully enters a chumship finds someone with whom she can share her innermost thoughts and
feelings.(一个成功地进入密友关系的青春期前的女孩会找到一个能和她分享内心想法和感受的
人。)”，这主要是在讲密友关系的重要性，故C项：“The formation of chumship is crucial to
personality growth.(密友关系的形成对人格成长至关重要)”说明了其重要性。故选C。
40.【答案】D
【解析】根据上文“To her chum, she can reveal what she feels to be the most terrible things about herself in
an atmosphere of acceptance. Successful chumships offer an opportunity to work through
disagreements and learn to compromise.(对她的密友来说，她可以在一种接受的氛围中透露自己
最可怕的事情。成功的密友关系提供了一个克服分歧、学会妥协的机会)”这是在讲发展密友关
系带来的好处和机会，因此D选项：“It is a developmental stage that lays the groundwork for
later relationships.(这是一个发展阶段，为以后的关系奠定了基础。)”正好承接上文，故选D。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(改编自2021·江苏高三三模)My relationship with my pen pal(笔友)is one of the most valuable friendships
I have ever had, even though I have never met her in 41 , or even heard her voice.
It all started in 2013. I was on my way to USC to meet with Kerstin Zilm, a German radio personality who
wanted to interview me about being a 42 student at Long Beach City College. After the interview, a woman
named Renate 43 out to Kerstin, inquiring how she could find me and help me financially with college. Ithought it was great that Renate, who 44 in Germany, wanted to assist with my education.
At first, Renate and I emailed each other twice a 45 . She wanted to know a lot more about my life growing
up in Watts, my attempts to 46 my education, and whether there were ways 47 finances that she could help.
I did not have a specific answer for her last question, but her 48 support was important. Just having someone
rooting for me and my education gave me a boost.
Her support kept coming, in 49 forms. She would email me articles, send books, and began a
50 of having a birthday cake delivered to me every December on my birthday. I emailed back more frequently.
When I had a good day, I couldn’t wait to tell Renate. And when I had a bad day, I couldn’t wait to tell her 51
because I knew she would make me feel better.
“You really have the heart of a fighter,” she would say in her email, “But fortunately you also got soul,
52 and compassion. In this way you are a rich person.”
Whenever I needed encouragement, she always 53 . After a couple of years of pen pal friendship, we were
emailing at least once a week. I even downloaded WhatsApp so I could talk to her more 54 .
My friendship with Renate has become so important to me that I can no longer 55 a life where I was not
her friend. She has become a friend forever.
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者求学时受到了一位笔友的支持，她成为了作者永远的朋友。
41. A. place B. total C. person D. truth
【答案】C
【解析】 A. place地方；B. total总数；C. person人；D. truth事实。根据“never”及下文“or even heard
her voice(甚至听过她的声音)”可知，此处应是指没见过笔友本人，in person“亲自”。故选C项。
42. A. struggling B. fresh C. considerate D. top
【答案】A
【解析】A. struggling奋斗的；B. fresh新鲜的；C. considerate体贴的，考虑周到的；D. top顶尖的。根据
下文“inquiring how she could find me and help me financially with college(她问怎么能找到我，资
助我上大学)可知，此处应是指奋斗、努力的意思。故选A项。
43. A. turned B. laid C. carried D. reached
【答案】D
【解析】A. turned转动；B. laid放；C. carried携带；D. reached到达。根据下文“inquiring how she could
find me and help me financially with college(问怎么能找到我，资助我上大学)可知，此处应是指
Renate找到克斯汀然后询问怎么能找到(联系)我，资助我上大学。reach out意为“联系，找到”。故选D项。
44. A. locates B. travels C. resides D. gives
【答案】C
【解析】A. locates 坐落于；B. travels 旅游；C. resides 居住；D. gives 给。根据上文“a German radio
personality”可知Kerstin Zilm是德国的，由此也可以猜测Renate应是居住在德国的人，才能联系
到Kerstin Zilm。故选C项。
45. A. day B. week C. month D. year
【答案】C
【解析】 A. day天；B. week周；C. month月；D. year年。根据倒数第二段“After a couple of years of pen
pal friendship, we were emailing at least once a week(做了几年的笔友之后，我们每周至少发一次邮
件)”可知，此时作者和Renate的联系并不是很频繁。结合下文“She wanted to know a lot more
about my life growing up in Watts, my attempts to ... my education, and whether there were ways ...
finances that she could help.(她想更多地了解我在瓦茨成长的生活，我继续深造的努力，以及除了
经济之外，她是否还有其他办法可以帮我)可知，Renate还是比较关心作者的情况。由此可猜测
应是一个月两次。故选C项。
46. A. further B. continue C. summarize D. deal with
【答案】A
【解析】A. further 增进；B. continue 继续；C. summarize 总结，概括；D. deal with 处理。根据上文
“attempts(努力)以及下文“my education”可知，此处应是指作者继续深造(学习)。故选A项。
47. A. without B. beyond C. under D. by
【答案】B
【解析】A. without没有；B. beyond超出；C. under在……之下； D. by通过。根据下文“that she could
help”，结合上文讲到她给了作者经济帮助可知，可知此处应是指她想知道除了经济她是否还能
在其他方面帮助作者。故选B项。
48. A. physical B. moral C. academic D. economic
【答案】B
【解析】A. physical身体上的；B. moral道德的，精神的；C. academic学术的；D. economic经济的，经济
上的。根据下文“Just having someone rooting for me and my education gave me a boost.(仅仅是有
人支持我和我所受的教育就给了我很大的帮助)”和她给作者寄来书和文章等可知，此处应是指她
给作者精神上的支持。故选B项。
49. A. collective B. commercial C. sensible D. various【答案】D
【解析】A. collective集体的；B. commercial商业的；C. sensible明智的，理智的；D. various各种各样的。
根据下文“She would email me articles, send books, and began a ... of having a birthday cake
delivered to me every December on my birthday.(她会通过电子邮件给我发文章，送书，并开始了每
年12月我生日的时候给我送生日蛋糕的传统)可知，此处应是指她以各种不同的形式提供支持。
故选D项。
50. A. piece B. symbol C. tradition D. creation
【答案】C
【解析】 A. piece块；B. symbol符号；C. tradition传统； D. creation创造。根据下文“every December
on my birthday”可知，她每年12月给作者送生日蛋糕已经成为一个传统。故选C项。
51. A. as well B. instead C. at least D. ever since
【答案】A
【解析】A. as well也；B. instead 取代；C. at least 至少；D. ever since 自从。根据上文“When I had a good
day, I couldn’t wait to tell Renate.(当我开心的时候，我就会迫不及待地告诉瑞内特)”以及“And”可
知，此处应是指当作者心情不好的时候，也会迫不及待地告诉她。故选A项。
52. A. intelligence B. preference C. comprehension D. liberty
【答案】A
【解析】A. intelligence 智慧；B. preference 偏好；C. comprehension 理解；D. liberty 自由。根据上文
“soul”及下文“and compassion”可知，设空处与上下文是并列关系。应是指精神、智慧和同情
心。故选A项。
53. A. demanded B. delivered C. engaged D. pursued
【答案】B
【解析】A. demanded 要求；B. delivered 传递，兑现；C. engaged 订婚；D. pursued 追求。根据上文
“Whenever I needed encouragement(每当我需要鼓励的时候)可知，此处应是指给予鼓励(把“鼓
励”传递，兑现给我)。故选B项。
54. A. intentionally B. normally C. consequently D. frequently
【答案】D
【解析】A. intentionally有意地；B. normally正常地；C.consequently必然地；D. frequently频繁地。根据
上文“After a couple of years of pen pal friendship, we were emailing at least once a week.(做了几年
的笔友之后，我们每周至少发一次邮件)可知，此处应是指作者为了能更频繁地和她交谈。故选
D项。55. A. clarify B. recognize C. uncover D. fancy
【答案】D
【解析】A. clarify分类；B. recognize认出；C. uncover发现；D. fancy想象。根据下文“She has become a
friend forever(她已经成为我永远的朋友)”可知，她对作者很重要，作者无法想象没有她的生活。
故选D项。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
的
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当 单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(改编自2021·黑龙江铁人中学高二期末)It’s now been over two decades since scientists in Scotland
successfully cloned a sheep and named the newborn Dolly. Ever since, the technology that powers cloning
66 (advance)slowly but steadily. Recently, scientists in China have cloned two bouncing baby monkeys,
theoretically(理论上) 67 (open)the door for the cloning of humans. Nevertheless, the researches stress that they
have no 68 (intend)of cloning humans. They think that the general public and the government will not allow the
extension of 69 (apply)of these methods from non-human primates to humans. Instead, the ultimate goal is to
create cloned monkeys that can be used to test new treatments for diseases 70 (associate)
with human genes. The research is 7 1 great benefit to the medical development.
The monkeys, both female, are named Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua, from the word “Zhonghua”, 72 meaning
is “Chinese nation”. They 73 (production)effectively using some of cloning that created Dolly 22 years ago. The
researchers plan to continue improving 74 technique called somatic cell nuclear transfer(体细胞核移植) 75
(increase)the efficiency of cloning. The same technique has been used to clone 23 different mammal species so far,
including sheep, mice, cattle, pigs, cats and dogs.
【语篇导读】这是一篇新闻报道。最近，中国科学家克隆了两只蹦蹦猴，理论上为克隆人类打开了大门。
文章对此进行了报道。
66.【答案】has advanced/has been advancing
【解析】考查动词的时态。根据“Ever since”可知，此处可用现在完成时。此处也可表示动作发生在过
去，一直持续到现在，并且在将来一段时间内仍将进行，使用现在完成进行时。句子主语
technology为第三人称单数，故填has advanced/has been advancing。句意：从那以后，为克隆
提供动力的技术一直在缓慢但稳定地发展。
67.【答案】opening
【解析】考查现在分词。动词open意为“打开”，和谓语之间没有连词，和句子“scientists in China
have cloned two bouncing baby monkeys”构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词作结果状语，故填opening。句意：最近，中国科学家克隆了两只蹦蹦猴，理论上为克隆人类打开了大门。
68.【答案】intention
【解析】考查词性转换(名词)。no修饰名词，have no intention of无意。句意：然而，研究人员强调他
们无意克隆人类。
69.【答案】application
【解析】考查词性转换(名词)。在介词of后应用名词application表示“应用”作宾语。故填application。
句意：他们认为普通大众和政府不会允许这些方法从非人类灵长类动物延伸到人类。
70.【答案】associated
【解析】考查非谓语动词。动词associate意为“使关联”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语diseases
构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词作后置定语，故填 associated。句意：相反，
他们的最终目标是创造出可以用来测试与人类基因相关疾病的新疗法的克隆猴子。
71.【答案】of
【解析】考查习惯用法。be of great benefit to=be greatly beneficial to有益于，对……有益。句意：该
研究对医学的发展有很大的益处。
72.【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。在非限制性定语从句中meaning和先行词“Zhonghua”构成所属关系，所以应
用关系代词whose表示“……的”。故填whose。句意：这两只猴子都是雌性，分别名为“中
中”和“华华”，取自“中华”一词，意为“中华民族”。
75.【答案】were produced
【解析】考查词性转换(动词)及其时态和语态。主语they指代“中中、华华”，故句子缺谓语动词，又
they与谓语动词存在被动关系，根据上下文应该用一般过去时。故填 were produced。句意：它
们(中中、华华)是用22年前克隆多莉的方法有效繁育出来的。
73.【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。这种技术在前文“They were produced effectively using some of cloning that
created Dolly 22 years ago.”(它们是用22年前克隆多莉的方法有效繁育出来的)中已经提及，
所以此处为特指，应用定冠词the。故填the。
74.【答案】to increase
【解析】考查非谓语动词。“继续改进体细胞核移植技术是为了提高克隆效率”，所以应用 to do不定
式表目的，故填to increase。句意：研究人员计划继续改进体细胞核移植技术，以提高克隆效
率。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节 应用文(满分15分)
(改编自2021·湖南省东安县第一中学)假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom来信想了解中国新能源汽车
的相关情况，请根据内容提示给他回信。
内容包括：1.鼓励使用新能源汽车的原因；
2.与传统汽车相比，新能源汽车的优势；
3.个人看法。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.信的格式已给出，不计入总词数；
3.可适当添加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Tom,
Having learned you are anxious to learn something about the development of China’s new energy automobiles,
I’d love to give you a detailed introduction.
In order to further protect the environment, China has adopted various measures to promote the development
of the new energy vehicle industry. Compared with traditional cars, new energy vehicles have advantages. New
energy vehicles are more environmentally-friendly and we can greatly reduce the cost of use. Besides, electric
motors operate at much lower noise.
In my view, the development of new energy vehicles is an inevitable trend and the need of social development.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分25分 )
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
(2021·湖北高三模拟)Once there was a little girl Lily who was very friendly and popular in her class. Shewas friends with everyone in her class. There was no one in class who did not like her. She was very kind and
would always be busy with her friends. She felt very happy that she had so many friends at school and in her
neighborhood.
On Friendship Day, her class organized an event, in which everyone had to make three presents and give them
to their best friends. Lily was really looking forward to the coming Friendship Day as she was expecting gifts from
her friends. However, when all the presents were shared among her classmates, she was the only one who hadn’t
received any presents. She felt terrible and cried a lot. She wondered how that was possible. She had made so much
effort to be friends with everyone but in the end no one thought of her as one of their best friends.
Everyone came and tried to comfort her for a while but each one only stayed for a short time before leaving.
This was exactly what Lily had done so many times to others.
On that day when she got home, her mother saw her sad face. And then her mother asked her the reason for her
sadness. “Where can I find true friends?” Lily asked. Her mother was surprised at her question. Then she asked Lily
what had happened in school. Her mother comfort her and said, “You cannot buy friends with a smile or a few good
words. If you really want true friends, you will have to give them real time and love. For a true friend you must
always be available，in good times and bad.”
Lily replied, “But I want to be friends with everyone!”
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
Her mother shook her head. _________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Lily decided to change her ways and thought how she could make true friends. ________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________【答案】
Her mother shook her head. She said, “My dear, you are a lovely girl but you can’ t be a close friend to
everybody. There just isn’t enough time available for everyone, so it’s only possible to have a few true friends. The
others will be playmates but they won’ t be close friends.” Hearing this Lily realized that although she was a good
classmate, she had not been a true friend to anyone. She had tried not to argue with anyone and she had tried to pay
attention to everyone but now she had found out that was not enough to create true friendships.
Lily decided to change her ways and thought how she could make true friends. Just thinking about that, she
realized her mother was always willing to help her. She put up with all of Lily’s dislikes and problems, she always
forgave her and she loved her a great deal. Lily smiled from ear to ear. She realized that she already had the best
friend anyone could ever want.
