文档文本内容
Unit 13 We’re trying to save the earth!
第15 讲
适用学科
初中英语
适用年级
九年级
适用区域
人教版区域
课时时长（分钟）
120
知识点
现在进行时，be used to，被动语态
教学目标
知识与技能目标：
（1）We’re trying to save the earth! 现在进行时的结构和用法。
（2）But it used to be so clean! used 的用法。
（3）This is not only cruel, but also harmful to the environment. Not only but also
的用法。
（4）The air is badly polluted. 空气被严重污染。被动语态的用法。
过程与方法：
（1）能听懂谈论环境污染与保护的对话，并熟练运用所学句型就环境污染问题发表自己
的观点；
（2）能读懂有关环保的文章，并学会简单描述有关环保的
情感态度和价值观：
（1）通过本单元的学习体会到关爱动物、保护环境的重要性；
（2）增强环保意识并且倡导从身边小事做起，保护地球母亲。
教学重点
现在进行时的用法，used to 的用法
教学难点
Used to 的用法；被动语态；情态动词的用法
教学过程
概述
一导入
Ask students to talk about the things that they are doing to protect our earth.
Let students make sentences with following phrases.
T: What can you do to protect the earth?
S: We can ...
take the bus or subway
Bring a bag to go shopping
Do not use wooden chopsticks or plastic forks
二知识讲解
知识点1 litter
(1) 可用作动词或名词，意为“乱扔；垃圾”。
如：The floor was littered with some papers.
（2）litter 表示废弃物(尤其指在公共声所乱扔的废纸)时是不可数名词.
如：The streets were full of litter.
知识点2 bottom
(1) 名词，意为“底部；最下部”。
如：He was always bottom of the class in math.
(2) 动词或形容词，意为“底部的”。
如：Put your books on the bottom shelf.
知识点3 afford
(1) 动词，意为“承担得起；买得起”。
如：I can’t afford this car.
(2) 常构成短语：afford to do sth. 意为“负担得起做某事”。
如：I can’t afford to buy this car.
知识点4 take part in
(1) 意为“参加，参与……活动”。
如：Take part in something you believe in.
(2) join 多指参加组织，成为其中的一个成员。take part in 指参加活动。
如：I will never forget the day when I joined the Party.
知识点5 realize
意为“了解；意识到；实现”。不用于进行时。
如：Do you realize that all of these shirts are half off?
知识点6 without
是介词，意为“没有”，后面接名词或动名词。
如：Without the sun, nothing would grow.
知识点7 recycle
可用作动词，也可用作名词，意为“回收利用；再利用”。
如：We should try to recycle all our waste paper.
知识点8 inspiration
名词，意为“灵感；鼓舞人心的人或事物”。
如：Many artists have drawn their inspiration from nature.
知识点9 creativity
(1) 名词，“创造力；独创性”。
如：A good teacher can encourage our creativity.
(2) 形容词形式是creative，意为“创造性的，有创造力的”。
如：Express your creative side.
知识点10 辨析gate 与door
(1) 这两个词都有“门”的意思。
(2) gate 指大门口。
(3) door 指屋子、衣柜等的“门”或“门口”。
如：He is waiting for you at the park gate.
Close the door when you go out.
知识点11 throw
意为“扔掉；抛弃”，如果代词做宾语，要放在两词中间。
如：That’s rubbish you can throw it away.
知识点12 put down 与bring down
(1) pull down 意为“拉下，拆毁”。
(2) bring down 意为“拿下；带下；搬下”。
如：He tried to pull down the zipper(拉链) normally.
He’ll need help to bring the computer down.
知识点13 put sth to good use
意为“好好利用”。
如：The waste water was put to good use.
知识点14 be used to
1. used to be+形容词/名词（短语）表示“过去存在某种状态”。
如：I used to be very quiet.
She used to be an English teacher.
2. used to do sth. 意为“过去常常做某事”。
如：My father used to read newspapers after dinner.
3. be used to(doing)sth. 意为“习惯于（做）某事”。
Now I am used to practicing handwriting after finishing my homework.
例题1
-Why are you so tired these days?
-Well, I have ________ homework to do.
A. too much
B. too many
C. much too
D. many too
【答案】A
【解析】本题需要“太多”，排除C 和D；homework 不可数，故答案为A。
例题2
I couldn’t do it ________ your great help. Thanks a lot!
A. with
B. without
C. for
D. to
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查介词的用法。句意：没有你的帮忙，我无法做这件事。结合句意可知答案为B。
三、例题精析
例题3
I can’t afford _________ a big house now.
A. buy
B. to buy
C. buying
D. buys
【答案】B
【解析】本题考察非谓语动词的用法。“不能负担得起做某事”用can’t afford to do sth.，故答案为B。
例题4
The boy is sleeping.
Please ________ the radio.
A. turn up
B. turn down
C. turn on
D. turn off
【答案】B
【解析】本题需要“调小”，故答案为B。
例题5
It usually ________ Mum about half an hour to cook.
A. pays
B. takes
C. spends
D. costs
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查It takes sb. some time to do sth.，故答案为B。
例题6
I hope everyone can care about ________ the environment and stop ________ things.
A. protecting, wasting
B. protecting, to waste C. protect; wasting
D. protect; to waste
【答案】A
【解析】本题考察非谓语动词的用法。根据句意体会可知答案为A。
四课堂运用
基础
单项选择
1. The price of the coat is very high. I can’t___________________
A. offer
B. afford
C. avoid
D. allow.
2.________his parent__________she likes the red car but they can’t afford it.
A. Both, and
B. Not only; but also
C. Neither; nor
D. Either; or
3. -What's
your
hobby?
-I ______________listen to music, but now I enjoy dancing.
A. am used to
B. use to
C. am used D. used to
4. -Now people have to pay some money for ____________bags in supermarkets.
-Yes. Because they are bad for the environment.
A. bin
B. paper
C. cloth
D. plastic
5. -Where did you get these old doors?
-From the old houses which were ______________ by the workers.
A. taken down B. pulled down
C. turned down
D. put down
6. -There are a lot of of____________________ bike riding.
-I agree. It’s good for the environment and it saves money.
A. instructions
B. instruments
C. advantages
D. products
7. A little wine will not be_______________ to your health.Just don't drink too much.
A. helpful
B. helpless
C. harmful
D. harmless
8. - Please remember ___________________ the letter for me, Mike.
-OK, I won’t forget it.
A. post B. posting
C. to post
D. posted
9. David Burt’s dream in China is to go into the west and__________________an early
childhood school there.
A. clean up
B. look up
C. give up
D. set up
10. -Don’t keep the water running while brushing your
teeth.
-Sorry. I forgot to ______________________.
A. turn on it
B. turn it on
C. turn off it
D. turn it off
答案：1-5 B B D D B 6-10 C C C D D
解析:
1. B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这件外套的价格太高了。我买不起。offer“提供”；afford“负担得起”；
avoid“避免”；allow“允许”。根据句意可知选B。
2. B 考查连词。句意：不仅他父母，而且他也喜欢那辆红色的汽车，但他们买不起。not
only.…but
also...
“不仅……而且…”符合句意。若选A 项，应将likes 改成like。
3. D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一一你的爱好是什么？一—我过去常听音乐，但是现在我喜欢跳舞。used
to"过去常常”，后跟动词原形；be
used
to“习惯于”，后跟动词-ing 形式。根据句意可知选D。
4. D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：—现在，人们必须花钱在超市买塑料袋。一是的。因为它们对环境有害。
bin“箱子”；paper“纸”；cloth“布”；plastic“塑料”。根据语境可知选D。a
5. B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一一你从哪里弄来这些旧门？—从那些被工人推倒的旧房子里。take
down
“记下”；pull
down“拆毁”；turn
down“调低”；put
down“放下；镇压”。故选B。
6. C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一—骑自行车有很多的好处。——我同意。它对环境有益而且省钱。instruction
“指示；命令”；instrument“工具；乐器”；advantage“好处；优点”；product“产品”。根据下句可推
断出，上句是说骑自行车的好处。故选C。
7. C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：喝一点儿酒不会对你的健康有什么危害，只是不要喝太多。helpful“有用
品的”；helpless“无用的"；harmful“有害的"；harmless“无害的”。根据句意可知选C。
8. C 考查固定搭配。remember
to
do
sth.是固定搭配，意为“记得做某事”，指应该做或还没有做的事
情，故答案为C。
9 D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：戴维·伯特在中国的梦想是去西部建立一所幼儿学校。clean
up“清扫”；look
up“查阅”；give
up“放弃”；set
up“建立”。根据句意可知选D。
10. D 考查动词短语辨析。句意；——你刷牙时不要让水流着。一—抱歉。我忘了关上了。turn
on“打开”；
turn off“关上”。代词作宾语时，要放在动词和副词之间。根据句意可知选D。
巩固
1. —Do you want to eat here?
一No. Just fish and chips to___________ , please.
A. put away
B. take away
C. send away
D. throw away
2. -Do you know Amy Hayes?
-Of course. She is the woman who built a house__________________rubbish.
A. by
B. out of
C. from
D. into
3. The singer ____________________while still at school.
A. has discovered
B. was discovered
C. discovered
4. -How much is the ticket to Central Park?
-A one-way ticket _____________$40, and you can________________ another $ 20 for a round-trip ticket.
A. Costs; pay
B. costs; spend
C. pays; spend D. spends; pay
5. I am surprised at the new look of my hometown, for it __________________a lot over the years.
A. changed
B. changes
C. will change
D. has changed
答案：1-5 B B B A D
1. B 考查动词短语辨析。put away“收起来”；take away“带走”；send away“送走”；throw away
“扔掉”。结合本题语境可知，说话人要把食物打包带走，故答案为B。
2. B 考查固定短语。句意：——你知道Amy Hayes 吗？——当然了。她是自己用废品建房子的那个妇
女。Build out of...意为“用……建……”，是固定搭配。故选B。
3. B 考查语态。句意：那个歌手在上学时就已经被发掘出来了。discover 为及物动词，singer 与discover
之间是被动关系，时态应用一般过去时。故选B。
4. A 考查动词辨析。cost“花费”，物作主语；spend“花费”，人作主语；pay..…for...“为……付款”，
人作主语。第一空是物作主语，用cost；第二空是人作主语，且后有介词for，所以用pay。故选A。
5. D 考查时态。句意：我对我家乡的新面貌感到惊叹，因为这么多年以来它改变了很多。根据句意及句中
时间状语“over the years”知，应用现在完成时态。故选D。
【答案】1-5 B B B A D
拔高
词汇运用
1. There is a_____________(wood) bridge
over
the
river.
2. __________________(science) discoveries play a part in the development
of
the
world.
3. The
government
should
make
more
____________________(law) to
protect
the
environment.
4. It
is
another____________________
(work)of
the
famous
writer.
5. We
aren’t
able
to
see
the
stars
in
the
sky
clearly.
The
problem
is
that
people
use
too
much
light. And it’s
so
_______________(harm)
to
the
environment.
【答案】1. wooden
2. Scientific
3. laws
4. work
5. harmful
五课堂小结
重要单词、词组、句型
1. litter 可用作动词或名词，意为“乱扔；垃圾”。litter 表示废弃物(尤其指在公共声所乱扔的废纸)时是不
可数名词.
2. bottom 名词，意为“底部；最下部”。形容词，意为“底部的”。
3. afford 动词，意为“承担得起；买得起”。常构成短语：afford to do sth. 意为“负担得起做某事”。
4. Take part in 意为“参加，参与……活动”。join 多指参加组织，成为其中的一个成员。take part in 指参加
活动。
5. without 是介词，意为“没有”，后面接名词或动名词。
6. Inspiration 名词，意为“灵感；鼓舞人心的人或事物”。
7. creativity 名词，“创造力；独创性”;形容词形式是creative，意为“创造性的，有创造力的”。
8.
pull down 意为“拉下，拆毁”。bring down 意为“拿下；带下；搬下”。
9. Put to good use 意为“好好利用”。
10. Be used
to
be + 形容词/名词（短语）表示“过去存在某种状态”。
used
to
do
sth.意为“过去常常做某事”。
be
used
to (doing) sth. 意为“习惯于（做）某事”。
六课后作业
基础
1. In summer vacation, you can take part in our community activities to put what you’ve learned_______good use.
A. for B. of C. to D. with
2. It’s sunny. Let’s go sightseeing_______________ watching TV in the hotel.
A. thanks to
B. instead of C. as well as
D. instead
3. Remember to ___________the lights when you
leave the room.
A. turn on
B. turn off
C. turn up
D. turn down
4. The workers ____________________the old buildings to build new ones.
A. gave up
B. put down
C. took out
D. puled down
5. I think students should______________ all kinds of activities after class.
A. take part in
B. join
C. take a part in
D. take part to
6. These things are useless to me. Remember to___________
A. throw it away B. throw away it
C. throw them away D. throw away them
7. The company wants to __________________a school for the poor children.
A. put off B. set up C. call in D. look after
8. - Let’s plant some trees first.
- OK. To protect the environment, it is no use talking without_____________.
A. making a decision
B. giving advice
C. taking action
D. learning a lesson
9. - The T-shirt looks nice on you!How much did it___________________？
- I just________________ ten dollars for it.
A. spend; took
B. cost; paid
C. take; cost
D. pay; spent
10. Photos can _______________lots of good memories to people.
A. look like
B. turn into
C. bring back
D. give back
答案：1-5 C B B D A
6-10 C BC B C
解析：
1. C
put
sth.to
good
use“好好利用某物”，是固定短语。
2. B
thanks
to“幸亏”；instead
of“而不是”；as
well as“也”；instead“代替”，常放在句末。由
“天气晴
朗，咱们去观光吧”可知建议不在旅馆里看电视。故instead
of 符合句意。选B。
3. B turn
on“接通（电源、煤气等），打开（水龙头等）”；turn
off“关掉”；turn
up“调高；调大”；
turn down“调低；调小”。由从句句意“当你离开房间时”可知，主句要表达的句意应为“记得要关灯”。
故选B。
4. D give
up“放弃”；put
down“放下；记下”；take out“取出”；pull
down“拆下；摧毁”。由“to
build
new
ones”可推知“拆除”了那些旧的，故选D。
5. A
C, D 两项本身表达错误，take
part
in 是固定短语，“大能随意增减或替换词语；take
part
in
指
参加会议、群众性活动等；join
指加入某个党派、团体、组织等，成为其中的一员。由后面的activities 可
知选A。句意为“我认为学生们应该在课后参加各种活动”。
6. C
throw
away“扔掉；抛弃”，为“动词+副词”型短语，人称代词作宾语时，须放在两词之间，可排
除B、D 两项。these
things 应用them 代替，故选C。
7 B
put
off“推迟”；set
up“建立”；call
in“召来”；look
after“照顾”。句意：这个公司想为贫
穷的孩子们建立一所学校。故选B。
8. C
make
a
decision
意为“作出决定”；give
advice 意为“给出建议”；take
action
意为“采取
行动”；learn
a lesson 意为“吸取教训”。由第一个人的建议——去植树及第二个人回答OK 可知，第二
个人觉得对于保护环境来说只说而不“采取行动”是没用的，故选C。
9. B
spend, cost, pay 和take 四个词都可以表示“花费”。spend 和pay
用人作主语，pay
常与for 搭配；
cost 用物作主语；take 常用it 作形式主语。问句中主语it（T-shirt）指物，需用cost；答语中pay..for 为固定
搭配。故选B。
10. C 由常识可知照片能给人们带来很多美好的回忆。bring
back 使想起。
巩固
完成句子
1. 拆房容易建房难
It’s
easier
to_____________ __________houses
than
to build
them.
2. 咱们把碎玻璃扔掉吧，否则它会伤到人。Ilord
Let’s________________ ______________the
broken
glass. Or
it will
hurt
someone.
3. 熬夜对我们的健康不好。
Staying
up
late
is _________
___________ our
health.
4. 爷爷在睡觉，请关掉收音机
Grandpa
is
sleeping.Please
______________ _________________the radio.
5. 在我奶奶眼里什么都有用，她很擅长好好利用它们。
Everything
is
useful
in
my
grandma’s
eyes
and
she’s
very
good
at
_______________them
__________good
use.
答案1. pull
down
2. throw
away
3. harmful
to / bad
for 4. turn
off
5. put; to
拔高
1. Mr. Trump _______________________Miss Hillary and ___________________2016 US presidential election.
A. beat;
won
B. won; beat C. won; won D. beat; beat
2. Nick_________________a job in a bank,but to our surprise,he didn't take it.
A. is offered B. offered
C. was offered
3. My mother ________________isn't in the city.
A. used to live
B. used living
C. used to living
D. used live
4. Mr. Lee has worked here_______________________2009. So he has worked here ____________about 8 years
A. since;
for B. for; since
C. for; for D. in; since
5. - Paul, I’m busy cooking. Can you give a hand?
-Just a minute.
I______________my e-mail.
A. am checking B. will check
C. have checked D. was checking
6. How much does the ticket _________________from Shanghai to Beijing?
A. cost B. take C. spend D. pay
答案：1-6 A C C AAA
1. A 考查动词辨析。句意：特朗普战胜了希拉里，赢得了2016 年的总统大选。beat 意为“打败；战胜”，
宾语通常指人；win 意为“赢得，获胜”，宾语通常是比赛、奖项等。由此可知本题选A。
2. C 考查被动语态。句意：有人给尼克提供了一份在银行的工作，但是让我们惊讶的是，他没接受。根据
后句的时态可知本题用一般过去时，且由句意可知本题应用被动语态，故C 项正确。
3. C 考查固定搭配。句意：我妈妈不习惯生活在城市里。be
used
to
doing
sth.意为“习惯于做某事”。
故本题选C。
4. A 考查介词。句意：李先生自从2009 年就在这里工作。因此他在这里工作了大约8 年了。since 后跟时间
点；for 后跟时间段。故本题选A。
5. A 考查时态。句意：保罗，我忙着做饭。你帮下忙好吗?—等会儿，我邮件。结合选项的意思
“将要查看”、“正在查看”、“已经查看过了”、“那时正在查看”，可知空处填“正在查看”合适。
故选A。
6. A 考查动词辨析。Cost, take, spend, pay 都有“花费”之意，这里主语是ticket，排除选项C 和D，因为spend
和pay 的主语是人；take 指花费时间，不用于指花费金钱，也排除掉。故选A。
七教学反思
