专题14 七选五
考点
五年考情（2022-2026）
命题趋势
考点1 人与自我
（5 年12 考）
2026 全国二卷--四种从小培养孩子劳动品质
的实用方法；
2026 浙江一月卷--分析回读现象原因并给出
建议；
2025 全国一卷--咖啡馆员工是平凡英雄；
2025 北京卷--社会在培养成年人方面责任；
2024 新课标I 卷—使用英语词典体验；
2024 九省联考卷-初跑者常犯错误；
2023 新课标I 卷—自我宽恕中成长；
2023 新课标II 卷—开启艺术之旅建议；
2023 全国甲卷—培养耐心秘诀；
2022 新课标I 卷—寻找健身小伙伴；
2022 新课标II 卷—写文章修改文章建议；
2022 新课标II 卷—提高阅读速度建议；
1.七选五的语篇类型以说明文为
主，议论文和记叙文为辅。
2. 主题语境在“ 人与社会” 、
“人与自我”为主。词数一般为
280-300 词左右。题材贴近学生生
活，主要考查学生的文意重建和
逻辑思维能力。
3.设空位置以段中句为主，占2-3
空；兼顾段首句和段尾句。
4.除了完整句子，有时还有残缺
句，表现为主从复合句缺少主
句，并列句缺少后半句。
5.做题应注意根据挖空位置、前
后逻辑关系、词语复现、代词呼
应等方面作出判断。
6.从文本特征、主旨大意、句际
逻辑、语篇含义、作者观点等帮
助学生逐步树立语篇意识，把握
语篇结构，感悟作者情感态度和
价值取向。从语篇微观和宏观两
个角度，进一步提升理解语篇意
义的能力。
7. 引导学生通过大量阅读外刊来
拓展词汇量以及熟悉地道的英语
表达习惯和写作思维。
考点2 人与社会
（5 年7 考）
2026 全国一卷--人工智能(AI)在博物馆中的
应用；
2025 全国二卷--家庭参与志愿活动好处；
2025 浙江1 月卷—有效沟通的方式；
2025 八省联考卷--大学艺术博物馆之友；
2022 浙江1 月卷—充实生活建议；
2022 北京卷—健康与健身；
2022 全国甲卷—外出吃饭注意事项；
考点3 人与自然
（5 年2 考）
2024 新课标II 卷—如何避免过度旅游；
2023 全国乙卷—室内种植绿植的学问。
考点1 人与自我类七选五
【2026 全国二卷】
Ways to Teach Kids Work Ethic Early
Ever watched your child try to get out of doing housework by making excuses? If only the effort they put into
avoiding responsibility could be redirected into, well, actual responsibility. In fact, building work ethic (道德) in
kids doesn’t require military-style drills. Here are four simple and practical ways.
● Make housework part of the family routine.
Involve your child in the daily running of the house: tidying toys, feeding the dog, watering the
plants. ____36____ When the tasks become as routine as brushing teeth, kids internalise that helping with
housework is simply part of life.
● ____37____
You can’t expect your child to tackle their tasks with enthusiasm while you’re complaining about loading the
dishwasher. If your child sees you enjoying your work and taking pride in a job well done, they’re far more likely
to do the same.
● Build determination through goals.
____38____ Sometimes you have to help them find their “thing.” Set small, achievable goals together with
them and celebrate progress, not perfection. The trick is to let them struggle a bit — resist the urge to help fix
things the moment they experience a setback.
● Treat mistakes as opportunities.
Few things strike fear into a child’s heart like the prospect of failing. The best way is to normalise mistakes as
a natural part of learning. When kids mess up, don’t jump in with a rescue mission. ____39____
Teaching kids work ethic is to gently and consistently push them toward responsibility, determination, and
pride in their efforts. ____40____ No worry. Those habits you’re building now are setting your child up for a
lifetime of resilience (韧性) and satisfaction.
A. The key is consistency.
B. Help kids develop analytical skills.
C. Model the work ethic you want to see.
D. Instead, encourage them to do differently next time.
E. Sometimes, a cleaner living room is the best reward.
F. Progress can be slow, and you’ll wonder if it’s all sinking in.
G. Not every child is born with the willpower of a marathon runner.
【答案】36. A 37. C 38. G 39. D 40. F
【解析】
【导语】文章介绍了四种从小培养孩子劳动品质的实用方法。
【36 题详解】
根据空前“Involve your child in the daily running of the house: tidying toys, feeding the dog, watering the plants.
(让孩子参与家庭日常事务：整理玩具、喂狗、浇花。)”以及空后“When the tasks become as routine as
brushing teeth, kids internalise that helping with housework is simply part of life.(当做家务变得像刷牙一样常规
化，孩子就会从内心认同做家务是生活的一部分。)”可知，前文给出具体家务内容，后文强调把家务固化
成日常习惯，能让孩子形成观念，想要实现这个转变，核心要素就是持之以恒。A 选项“The key is
consistency.(关键在于持之以恒。)”，句中consistency 对应后文routine，点明坚持常态化做家务是养成习
惯的核心逻辑。
【37 题详解】
分析文章结构，该空为本段小标题，其余小标题均为简洁祈使句；根据本段后文“You can’t expect your
child to tackle their tasks with enthusiasm while you’re complaining about loading the dishwasher. If your child
sees you enjoying your work and taking pride in a job well done, they’re far more likely to do the same.(你不能指
望孩子满怀热情地处理自己的任务，而你自己却在抱怨把洗碗机里的碗碟摆好。如果你的孩子看到你享受
工作、并为自己出色完成的事情感到自豪，他们就更有可能也这样做。)”可知，整段核心是家长自身行为
会被孩子模仿，家长要做好榜样。C 选项“Model the work ethic you want to see.(树立你希望孩子拥有的劳
动榜样。)”概括本段内容，适合做小标题。
【38 题详解】
本段小标题是“Build determination through goals.(借助目标培养意志力。)”；根据空后“Sometimes you
have to help them find their “thing.” Set small, achievable goals together with them and celebrate progress, not
perfection. The trick is to let them struggle a bit — resist the urge to help fix things the moment they experience a
setback.(有时你需要帮孩子找到适合自己的事。和他们一起设定容易达成的小目标，看重进步而非完美。
诀窍是让他们适当经历磨砺，不要一遇到挫折就立刻帮忙解决问题。)”可知，后文提出需要借助外力、设
定小目标来锻炼意志力，反向说明孩子天生意志力参差不齐，不是所有人天生意志力都很强。G 选项
“Not every child is born with the willpower of a marathon runner.(并非每个孩子生来都拥有马拉松运动员那般
强大的意志力。)”解释了为什么需要靠目标培养毅力，前后因果通顺，且与本段主题一致。
【39 题详解】
根据空前“When kids mess up, don’t jump in with a rescue mission.(孩子搞砸事情时，不要立刻出手包揽补
救。)”可知，建议家长孩子出现问题不要立刻出手包揽补救，后文需要给出对应的正向替代方案。D 选项
“Instead, encourage them to do differently next time.(取而代之，鼓励他们下次换一种方式处理。)”中
instead 承接前文不插手的做法，给出引导孩子自主修正错误的具体方式，符合语境。
【40 题详解】
根据空后“No worry. Those habits you’re building now are setting your child up for a lifetime of resilience (韧性)
and satisfaction.(不必担心。你当下正在培养的这些习惯，会让孩子终身拥有抗挫折能力与成就感。)”可知，
No worry 是安慰语气，说明空格处必然是家长会产生的顾虑。F 选项“Progress can be slow, and you’ll
wonder if it’s all sinking in.(进步速度可能很慢，你会疑惑孩子究竟有没有真正听进去、学进去。)”提出家
长的焦虑疑惑，后文紧接着进行安抚解释，符合语境。
【2026 浙江一月卷】
During your initial reading of material, do you ever go back and reread sentences or paragraphs? Is it because
the material is too difficult to comprehend on the first reading or because you are asleep? ____16____ You are
napping (打盹) or daydreaming. Halfway down the page you realize that you have no idea what you have read.
____17____ Thus, you go back and reread, not because you did not understand, but because you were not paying
attention. This type of rereading is called regression.
Napping and daydreaming are habits caused by lack of involvement with the material. Be demanding on
yourself and expect 100 percent attention to the task. Engage your mind. Visualize the incoming ideas, and relate
the new material to what you already know. ____18____ If your mind is truly occupied with the text, you will not
be able to think about Friday night or where to go on Saturday.
Regression is a crutch (拐杖) that allows you to make up for wasted time. First of all, become aware of when
and why you are regressing. ____19____ Say, “OK. I missed that paragraph because I was thinking of something
else, but I’m going to keep on going and start paying close attention.”
____20____ Good readers who monitor their own comprehension use it in the reading process. However,
regressing because your mind was asleep is a waste of time.
A. Both are to blame.
B. Probably the latter is true.
C. Don’t just read the words; think the ideas.
D. Spend a few minutes reading the material aloud.
E. Your eyes were engaged, but your mind was not.
F. Then, start denying yourself the right in order to break the habit.
G. Rereading because you did not understand is a reasonable fix-up strategy.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. C 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍阅读中因打瞌睡导致的回读现象，分析原因并给出专注阅读、克服
该习惯的建议。
【16 题详解】
根据上文“Is it because the material is too difficult to comprehend on the first reading or because you are asleep?
(是因为材料太难，第一次读不懂，还是因为你打瞌睡了？)”以及下文“You are napping (打盹) or
daydreaming. (你在打盹或做白日梦。)”可知，此处应承接上文的两个疑问，明确更可能是后者（打瞌睡）
的情况，B 选项“Probably the latter is true. (可能后者是对的。)”中的the latter 指代上文because you are
asleep，与下文的打盹、做白日梦相呼应，符合语境。故选B 项。
【17 题详解】
根据上文“Halfway down the page you realize that you have no idea what you have read. (读到页面中间，你意
识到自己根本不知道读了什么。)”以及下文“ Thus, you go back and reread, not because you did not
understand, but because you were not paying attention. (因此，你回去重读，不是因为你不懂，而是因为你没
有集中注意力。)”可知，此处应体现眼睛在看但大脑没专注的状态，E 选项“Your eyes were engaged, but
your mind was not. (你的眼睛在看，但你的大脑没有投入。)”既解释了为什么不知道读了什么，又为下文
“没集中注意力”的原因做铺垫，符合语境。故选E 项。
【18 题详解】
根据上文“Engage your mind. Visualize the incoming ideas, and relate the new material to what you already
know. (集中注意力。想象即将接收的观点，并将新材料与你已有的知识联系起来。)”以及下文“If your
mind is truly occupied with the text, you will not be able to think about Friday night or where to go on Saturday.
(如果你的大脑真的专注于文本，你就不会去想周五晚上或周六去哪里。)”可知，此处应强调阅读时要思
考观点而非只看文字，C 选项“Don’t just read the words; think the ideas. (不要只看文字，要思考其中的观
点。)”与上文Engage your mind 和下文mind is truly occupied with the text 相呼应，符合语境。故选C 项。
【19 题详解】
根据上文“First of all, become aware of when and why you are regressing. (首先，要意识到自己何时以及为何
会回读。)”以及下文“Say, “OK. I missed that paragraph because I was thinking of something else, but I’m
going to keep on going and start paying close attention.” (比如，“好的。我因为想别的事情错过了那一段，但
我会继续读下去，并开始集中注意力。”)”可知，此处应体现意识到回读原因后，要拒绝回读以打破习惯，
F 选项“Then, start denying yourself the right in order to break the habit. (然后，开始拒绝自己回读的权利，以
打破这个习惯。)”中的Then 承接上文First of all，denying yourself the right 与下文keep on going 相呼应，
符合语境。故选F 项。
【20 题详解】
根据下文“Good readers who monitor their own comprehension use it in the reading process. However, regressing
because your mind was asleep is a waste of time. (善于监控自己理解程度的优秀读者会在阅读过程中使用它。
然而，因为打瞌睡而回读是浪费时间。)”可知，此处应区分两种回读，强调因不懂而回读是合理的，G 选
项“Rereading because you did not understand is a reasonable fix-up strategy. (因为不懂而回读是一种合理的补
救策略。)”中的Rereading because you did not understand 与下文regressing because your mind was asleep 形
成对比，reasonable fix-up strategy 与下文use it in the reading process 相呼应，符合语境。故选G 项。
【2025 全国一卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
An Unsung Hero
Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe has just that, and
more. 36
Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly
what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. 37 As the customer grabs
the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day?” Even when the line is getting longer, she
doesn’t let it get in the way of her genuine conversations.
Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. 38 “I
do so because I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning,” Murphy said. Being a
mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here to serve.
One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a
student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science
major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. 39 “Catherine always has a huge smile
on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said.
“I enjoy working in the cafe ” Murphy said. 40 She has every intention of staying and continuing
doing what she loves.
A. The cafe closes at 9 pm every day.
B. She has two children aged eight and four.
C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.
D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.
E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.
F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
G. She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else.
【答案】36 E 37. D 38. C 39. F 40. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述大学咖啡馆工作人员凯瑟琳•墨菲用真诚的服务和热情的微笑
为学生带来温暖的故事，展现了这位平凡英雄的动人之处。
36.根据上文“Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe
has just that, and more. (课间需要休息或早上快速提神？大学咖啡馆提供这些，还有更多。)”可知，开篇
引出咖啡馆的功能，空格处需揭示“更多”的内涵。E 选项“Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also
serves up smiles. (这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品，还提供微笑。)”通过“Not only...also...”结构，既承接
“drinks”，又引出下文核心——墨菲的微笑服务，符合语境。故选E 项。
37.根据上文“She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. (她在机器之间来回制作饮
品。)”及下文“As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your
day?” Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn’t let it get in the way of her genuine conversations. ( 当
顾客从她手中接过饮品时，她微笑着说：“你好，今天过得怎么样？”即使队伍越来越长，她也不会让这
影响到她真诚的交流。)”可推知，设空处需补充制作饮品后的环节。D 选项“After finishing an order, she
calls out the name on the cup. (完成订单后，她会喊出杯子上的名字。)”中的“finishing an order”衔接
“make the drinks”，“calls out the name”引出顾客接饮品的场景，形成“制作—叫号—交付”的完整流
程。故选D 项。
38.根据上文“Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on
time. (墨菲每天四点四十五起床，开车三十分钟准时上班。)”及下文“I do so because I like to make coffee
for the students. (我这样做是因为我喜欢为学生煮咖啡。)”可推知，设空处需进一步体现她对工作的投入。
C 选项“Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early. (有时她会提前到达，提前为学生服务。)”
中的“arrives early”补充了“准时上班”之外的主动性，“serve the students early”呼应“like to make
coffee for the students”，展现其敬业精神。故选C 项。
39.根据上文“Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six
days a week. (乔安娜・赖特是政治学专业的大四学生，她热爱咖啡，每周至少去这家咖啡馆六天。)”及下
文““Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright
said. (赖特说“凯瑟琳总是笑容满面，这总能让我心情愉快。”)”可推知，设空处需说明她频繁去咖啡馆的
原因。F 选项“Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class. (去咖啡馆让她一天有
个好的开始，并为上课做好准备。)”中的“starts her day off good”解释了“每周去六天”的动机，且
“cheerful mood”与墨菲的微笑服务形成因果关系。故选F 项。
40.根据下文“She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves. (她完全打算留下来，
继续做自己喜欢的事。)”可推知，设空处需体现她对工作的长期投入。G 选项“She has served here for 17
years and can’t imagine working anywhere else. (她已经在这里服务了17 年，无法想象在其他地方工作。)”
中的“17 years”凸显服务年限之长，“can’t imagine working anywhere else”强化对咖啡馆的情感联结，与
“staying”形成直接呼应。故选G 项。
【2025 北京卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What is adulthood? Societies all over the world view the concept of an adult as self-supporting and self-
directed, because it identifies a point in the life cycle.
As Alice Black points out, today’s parents’ fear of letting kids do more housework has added to their inability
to feel competent and, thus, confident in themselves. Psychologist Robert Turner wrote about this in his book, The
Life Cycle, mentioning a stage when kids learn self-direction and mastery. 35
But Turner’s other cycles are just as important. 36 If these life cycles are delayed, interrupted, or
denied, you feel incapable of accessing your states of self, controlling unpleasant feelings, and manipulating (操控)
the energy that puts together the fabric of your inner world.
Turner wisely said that “doing well” psychologically is being able to roll with the flow of emotions, manage
them, communicate clearly and well with others, and master various skills. This requires an internal locus (核心) of
control, which implies self-control of your thoughts, feelings, and actions. 37 You’re self-directed and not
reliant on the world to tell you who you are. And you know who you are within all this.
So, being an adult isn’t just holding a job. Being an adult is about having a rooted sense of self while being
capable of identifying and managing your emotions and actions. 38 We are a social species, so this is
important.
While raising an adult is a parent’s job, it’s also our responsibility as a society to ensure that we support
schools that nurture (培养) emotional and identity development. 39
A. It’s also our job to support adults who need help repairing incomplete life cycles.
B. They talk about someone’s inability to support themselves through work.
C. It’s being able to show understanding when communicating with others.
D. In other words, you’re playing the game of life — life isn’t playing you.
E. They teach emotional awareness and management as well as identity.
F. You feel like an 18-year old, especially when playing 80s music.
G. When this stage is denied it creates a sense of insecurity.
【答案】35. G36. E37. D38. C39. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章主要探讨了成年人的定义及其所需具备的特质，并强调了社会在培养成
年人方面的责任。
35.由上文“As Alice Black points out, today’s parents’ fear of letting kids do more housework has added to
their inability to feel competent and, thus, confident in themselves. Psychologist Robert Turner wrote about
this in his book, The Life Cycle, mentioning a stage when kids learn self-direction and mastery. (正如Alice
Black 所指出的，如今父母害怕让孩子做更多家务，这加剧了孩子们无法感受到自身的能力，进而也导致
他们对自己缺乏自信。心理学家Robert Turner 在他的著作《生命周期》中提到了这一点，他提到了孩子
们学习自我指导和掌握技能的阶段。)”可知，本空应强调这个阶段的重要性或缺失这个阶段会带来什么影
响。G 选项“When this stage is denied it creates a sense of insecurity. (当这个阶段被剥夺时，就会产生一
种不安全感。)”符合题意，承接上文，说明了这个阶段被剥夺的后果。故选G。
36.由上文“But Turner’s other cycles are just as important. (但Turner 的其他周期也同样重要。)”以及下文
“If these life cycles are delayed, interrupted, or denied, you feel incapable of accessing your states of self,
controlling unpleasant feelings, and manipulating ( 操控) the energy that puts together the fabric of your
inner world. (如果这些生命周期被延迟、中断或拒绝，你会觉得自己无法进入自我状态，无法控制不愉快
的情绪，也无法操控构成你内心世界结构的能量。)”可知，本空应解释它们的重要性体现在哪里。E 选项
“They teach emotional awareness and management as well as identity. (它们教授情感意识和管理以及身份
认同。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。
37. 由上文“ Turner wisely said that “doing well” psychologically is being able to roll with the flow of
emotions, manage them, communicate clearly and well with others, and master various skills. This requires
an internal locus (核心) of control, which implies self-control of your thoughts, feelings, and actions. (Turner
明智地指出，从心理上讲，“做得好”就是能够顺应情绪的流动，管理它们，与他人清晰而良好地沟通，
并掌握各种技能。这需要一个内部的控制点，这意味着对自己的思想、情感和行动进行自我控制。)”可知，
本空应进一步解释这种内部控制点或自我控制的意义。D 选项“In other words, you’re playing the game of
life — life isn’t playing you. (换句话说，你是在玩人生的游戏——而不是人生在玩你。)”能承接上文，符合
题意，用比喻的方式解释了内部控制点的意义，即你能够掌控自己的人生，而不是被人生所掌控。故选
D。
38.由上文“So, being an adult isn’t just holding a job. Being an adult is about having a rooted sense of self
while being capable of identifying and managing your emotions and actions. (所以，成为一个成年人不仅仅
是拥有一份工作。成为一个成年人意味着拥有一种根深蒂固的自我意识，同时能够识别和管理自己的情绪
和行动。)”可知，本空应进一步描述成年人的其他特质或能力。C 选项“It’s being able to show
understanding when communicating with others. (它是在与他人交流时能够表现出理解。)”能承接上文，符
合题意，补充了成年人在与他人交流时应具备的能力，即表现出理解。故选C。
39.由上文“While raising an adult is a parent’s job, it’s also our responsibility as a society to ensure that we
support schools that nurture (培养) emotional and identity development. (虽然培养一个成年人是父母的工
作，但作为社会，我们也有责任确保我们支持那些培养情感和身份发展的学校。)”可知，本空应进一步描
述社会在培养成年人方面的其他责任。A 选项“It’s also our job to support adults who need help repairing
incomplete life cycles. (支持那些需要帮助修复不完整生命周期的成年人也是我们的工作。)”能承接上文，
符合题意，补充了社会在培养成年人方面的另一项责任，即支持那些需要帮助修复不完整生命周期的成年
人。故选A。
【2024 新课标I 卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect,
professionally presented manuscript (原稿). 36 No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not
take the trouble to spell words correctly.
I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don’t trust my
laptop’s spellchecker. 37 Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses,
but I’m old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the
Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus.
38 It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words
whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago
in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it’s not exactly short. It contains around
163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. 39 However, if I need to check the
origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better.
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson’s Dictionary
of the English Language published in 1755. “To make dictionaries is dull ( 乏味) work,” wrote Johnson,
illustrating one definition of “dull”. 40 A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can
be a rewarding experience.
A. I don’t often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still don’t want to replace them.
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don’t always give you enough information.
【答案】36. F 37. B 38. E 39. A 40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者使用英语词典的经验和心得以及从中获得的乐趣。
36.上文“If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript(如
果你想发表，提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的)”提到了完美的、专业的手稿的重要性，手稿中
不能有语法和拼写错误是专业的手稿的要求之一。F 选项“That means good grammar and no spelling
mistakes.(这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误。)”是对手稿要求的进一步解释说明，符合题意。故选F 项。
37.上文“I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker.(我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。)”提到了作者不相
信电脑的拼写检查器;下文“Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses,
but I’m old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers.(当然，现
在有很多在线词典和同义词库，但我是一个守旧的人，更喜欢精装的书和能用手指翻阅的书页。)”提到了
作者更喜欢实体书和能用手指翻阅的书页，说明电子设备可能不会考虑上下文，所以B 选项“It takes no
account of the context.(它不考虑上下文。)”解释了上文的原因，具有承上启下的作用。故选B 项。
38.下文“It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose
meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.(它应该给出每
个单词的精确定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示单词的发音。)”
提到了字典的功能，E 选项“Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.(当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写
的。)”提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文内容。故选E 项。
39.下文“However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing
better.(然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了。)”提到了字
典的使用情况，A 选项“I don’t often use this dictionary.(我不经常用这本字典。)”是对字典使用频率的说
明，与下文构成转折关系。故选A 项。
40.上文“ “To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work, ” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of ”dull".
(约翰逊在解释“dull”的一个定义时写道：“编字典是件无聊的工作(乏味)。”)”提到了编写字典是件乏味
的工作，下文“A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.(花
几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏览字典也是一种阅读的乐趣，D 选项“But a
dictionary can be a pleasure to read.(但是一本字典读起来是一种乐趣。)”是作者对字典的评价，与上文的
“乏味”形成对比，与上文构成转折关系。故选D 项。
【2024 九省联考卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Common Mistakes New Runners Make
Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. However, many make a number of
common mistakes, which can interfere (妨碍) with training or lead to injury. 36 , keep these things in mind to
help you increase your chances of running success.
●Doing too much too soon
One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easing into a training
program will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue on with your new running routine. 37 .
● 38
Beginners might think they need to run every day (or nearly every day) to meet their fitness or weight-loss
goals, but this couldn’t be further from the truth. Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard on
your body. So it's important to give your body a rest between workouts.
●Not wearing the right equipment
39 , it's important that you wear properly for your workouts. The most important piece of equipment for
running is a good pair of running shoes, so be sure to do some research before you purchase a pair. Visit a running
specialty store and ask an employee to fit you for a shoe.
●Running through pain
40 . If something hurts when you run, you need to stop and treat the pain. Remember: It doesn't make you
less of a runner if you listen to your body to keep it healthy.
A. Not taking rest days
B. If you're just starting out
C. Comparing yourself to others
D. Running can be uncomfortable at times
E. It’s important not to use the same muscles
F. While it may be true that you don't need expensive equipment to take up running
G. Experts suggest increasing your running distance by no more than 10% each week
【答案】36. B 37. G 38. A 39. F 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了新手跑步者常犯的错误。
36.上文“Running is a great way to get in shape and just about everyone can do it. However, many make a
number of common mistakes, which can interfere (妨碍) with training or lead to injury. (跑步是保持体形的
好方法，几乎每个人都可以做到。然而，许多人会犯一些常见的错误，这些错误可能会干扰训练或导致受
伤。)”指出跑步时有些人会犯一些常见的错误，这些错误可能会干扰训练或导致受伤，由本段标题
“Common Mistakes New Runners Make(新跑步者常犯的错误)”可知，本文主要指出新跑步者会犯的错误，
根据下文“keep these things in mind to help you increase your chances of running success.(记住这些事情可
以帮助您增加跑步成功的机会。)”可知，空处是状语从句，B 项“如果你刚刚开始”符合，是下文的条件，
同时也符合主题，即如果你是新跑步者，本文的建议会帮助你增加成功跑步的机会，故选B。
37.上文“One of the biggest mistakes new runners make is doing too much too soon. Slowly easing into a
training program will help reduce the risk of injury, so you can continue on with your new running
routine(新跑步者犯的最大错误之一就是跑得太多太快。慢慢地进入训练计划将有助于降低受伤风险，这
样您就可以继续新的跑步习惯)”指出刚开始跑步的人会跑得太快，所以要慢慢进入训练，不要跑太多太快，
G 项“专家建议每周增加跑步距离不超过10%”符合，指出不要跑太多，故选G。
38.此处是本段小标题，即新手跑步者常犯的错误之一，根据下文“Beginners might think they need to run
every day (or nearly every day) to meet their fitness or weight-loss goals, but this couldn’t be further from
the truth. Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard on your body. So it’s important to give
your body a rest between workouts.(初学者可能认为他们需要每天（或几乎每天）跑步才能达到健身或减
肥目标，但这与事实相差甚远。跑步是一项高影响力的活动，对您的身体来说确实很困难。因此，在锻炼
之间让身体休息很重要。)”可知，新手跑步者不休息，A 项“没有休息日”符合，故选A。
39.根据本段标题“Not wearing the right equipment(没有佩戴合适的装备)”可知，本段主要介绍了新手跑
步者常犯的错误之一是没有佩戴合适的装备，下文“ it’s important that you wear properly for your
workouts.(锻炼时正确穿着很重要)”强调跑步时正确穿着很重要，空处也应与“佩戴合适的装备”有关，F
项“虽然你可能确实不需要昂贵的设备来开始跑步”符合，其中“equipment”呼应标题中的“the right
equipment”，虽然你可能确实不需要昂贵的设备来开始跑步，但是锻炼时正确穿着很重要，故选F。
40.下文“If something hurts when you run, you need to stop and treat the pain (如果跑步时感到疼痛，则需
要停下来治疗疼痛)”指出跑步时如果感到疼痛，应该停下来，这说明有时候跑步会让人感到疼痛，D 项
“跑步有时会感到不舒服”符合，引起下文，下文介绍了感到疼痛时该如何做，故选D。
【2023 新课标I 卷】
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err ( 犯错) is
human. 16 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 17 Are you caring? Creative?
Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your
personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve
done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing
without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. 18
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 19 That way, you could exchange
thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t
wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The
thing is, it’s true. 20 We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to
develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【答案】16. D17. B18. F19. C20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通
过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。
16.根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about
them. To err (犯错) is human.(为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过。)”可知，
作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“ You can use the
following writing exercise to help you do this.(你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。)”中的
“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D“It’s just as important to
show yourself some forgiveness.(宽恕自己也同样重要。)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。
故选D。
17.根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ”(在日记或纸上
写上“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be
around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.(你有爱
心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你
个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Now list all the
characteristics you like about yourself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文
内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。
18.根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the
positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework,
when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring
day.(在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可
能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤
饼干的时候。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whatever it is, no matter how
small it might seem, write it down.(不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来。)”与上文内容一
致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。
19.根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the
aspects of your personality that shine through.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与
众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交
换意见等。选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练
习。)”符合语境，C 项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your
list.(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选
项C 和下文“In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-
confidence at any time.(事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信
的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。故选C。
20.根据空前内容“It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but
their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true.(大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是
陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的。)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G“Whatever the mistake,
remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.(不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一
面。)”符合语境，G 项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and
learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.(我们一直在改变和学习，错误是
一种积极的发展和成长的方式。)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来
成长。故选G。
【2023 新课标II 卷】
As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art
journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete
beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
▪Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration
and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. 16 You’ll want to look back on your
journey to see how far you’ve come.
▪Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether
you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. 17
▪Continually challenge yourself to try something new. 18 Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome
to the club；we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every
day for a month and post the works online.
▪ 19 Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social
media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my
level of artistic ability.
The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. 20 Push through, give it time and put in the effort.
You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
A. Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
【答案】16. C17. G18. A19. D20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了了一些开始艺术之旅的好建议。
16.根据前文“Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook ( 素描本) for small studies. These small studies
provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. (从小开始。我建议使
用一个素描本进行小规模的学习和实践。这些小的学习和实践可以提供灵感，并成为未来更复杂的作品的
跳板)”以及后文“You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come. (你会想要回顾一下
自己的艺术之旅，看看自己已经取得多少进步)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从给出建议使用一个素描本
进行小规模的学习和实践，到回顾自己的艺术之旅，所以C 项“Don’t throw away your beginner art. (不
要扔掉你的初学时的艺术作品)”符合文意，和后文形成顺承关系。故选C 项。
17.分析设空处，位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文“Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better
way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint
from life as much as possible. (经常作画，且从生活中作画。没有什么比不断练习更能提高你的艺术水平了。
无论你是绘制静物、肖像还是风景，都要尽可能地从真实生活中去观察和绘制)”可知，本段主要讲述不断
练习绘画，所以G 项“You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. (你会逐
渐形成只有通过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆)”是对前文的总结。故选G 项。
18.分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文
“Continually challenge yourself to try something new. (不断挑战自己，尝试新事物)”以及后文“Artistic
growth can be a bit painful. (艺术的成长可能会有点痛苦)”可知，A 项“Get out of your comfort zone. (走出
你的舒适区)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选A 项。
19.分析设空处，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反
馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people.
They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. (寻求并接受有建设性的反馈
对于你的成长非常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水
平如何，他们都让我感到受到了重视和尊重)”可知，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以D 项
“Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. (如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是
本段的中心句。故选D 项。
20.分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“The
journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. ( 你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路)”以及后文“Push
through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. (坚持下去，给它时
间，付出努力。你将收获艺术生活的回报)”可知，E 项“You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged
at times. (你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选E 项。
【2023 全国甲卷】
Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common?
There’s one answer. 36 .
In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However,
research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more
optimistic. 37 . “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of
California.
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research
suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit
of waiting is to practice. 38 . Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra
minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply
it to other, more annoying situations.
● 39 .
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we
experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to
say to yourself, “ 40 .” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
【答案】36. G 37. E 38. B 39. C 40. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。
36.根据上文“Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in
common? There’s one answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答
案只有一个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需
要耐心。故G 选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。
37.根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even
more optimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文
““Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. (加
州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可
知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E 选项中It 指代上文Thankfulness。故
E 选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。
38.根据上文“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. (我们养成等待习惯的唯
一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra
minutes before going for that cake. (把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10 分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可
知，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B 选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，
故选B。
39.根据本段内容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and
when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. (我们
中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐
心)”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与
接受不舒适相关，C 选项中uncomfortable 对应后文comfortable。故C 选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故
选C。
40.根据上文“You should learn to say to yourself (你应该学会对自己说……)”以及后文“You’ll then
gradually become more patient. (然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，
本句为对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关，故F 选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故
选F。
【2022 新课标I 卷】
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason
was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read: “ 36
” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner?
First of all, decide what you want from that person. 37 Or do you just want to be physically fit, able
to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a
useful response. 38 If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training
she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It
also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. 39
You and your partner will probably have different skills. 40 Over time, both of you will benefit —
your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core ( 核心) of your
relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice?
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
【答案】36. C37. D38. B39. G40. F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴。
36. C。根据前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout
Partne.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,”(《健
身杂志》最近刊登了一篇题为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健
身房等你，你就会去锻炼。”)”可知，这里陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由。所以选择项C“You'll work
harder if you train with someone else.(如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
37. D。根据前文“First of all, decide what you want from that person. (首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到
什么。)”和后文“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility?(或者你
只是想要身体健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性?)”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的。所以
选择项D“Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? (你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好
的运动员吗?)”符合上下文语境。故选D。
38. B。根据前文“You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but probably
won't result in a useful response. (你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的
回应。)”和后文“If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.(如果你打
算在健身房锻炼，那个人一定是同一个健身房的。)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的特点。所以选
择项B“A workout partner usually needs to live close by. (锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文语境。
故选B。
39. G。根据前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included
what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on
each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number.
(我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，
每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”
可知，本段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选择项G“Any
notice for a training partner should include such information. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”
符合上下文语境。故选G。
40. F。根据前文“You and your partner will probably have different skills. (你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技
能。)”和后文“Over time, both of you will benefit -- your partner will be able to lift more weights and you
will become more physically fit.(久而久之，你们双方都会受益——你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变
得更健康。)”可知，要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。所以选择项F“Just accept your differences
and learn to work with each other. (接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
【2022 新课标II 卷】
Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to
practice three simple techniques.
36 When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write
nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. 37 Don’t
worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a
good store of ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. 38 Yet, by
learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄
皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete
highway.
The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. 39
As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing revisions in
the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your
changes into your word processor. 40 The resulting blank space invites you to revise.
A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. E 39. F 40. G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。
36. D。空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put
your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper.
(当你第一次想写一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写10 到15 分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可知，
本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，D 选项“First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.(首先，学
习不间断写作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句，故选D。
37. B。空前说“Stay loose and free.(保持宽松和自由。)”，空后说“Don’t worry about grammar or
spelling.(不要担心语法和拼写。)”，因此空格处应说按心里想的写，自由发挥，B 选项“Let your pen
follow the waves of thought.(让你的笔跟随思想的波浪。)”说明了按自己的思路和想法来写，因此承上启下，
符合语境，故选B。
38. E。空前说“The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect.(下
一个技巧是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说“Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you
will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper.(然而，通过学习与不完
美共存，你将避免自己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸篓。)”，E 选项“Too many writers try to get their
drafts right the first time.(太多的作家试图在第一次就把草稿写好。)”中的“get their drafts”和上文的
“write your draft”相呼应，说明了有很多人想一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因
此E 选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
39. F。空前说“The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space
for revision.(第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。)”，F 选项“Many beginning
writers don’t leave enough space to revise.(许多初来乍到的作者没有留出足够的修改空间。)”中的“revise”
和前面的“revision”一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的
“these writers”相互呼应，因此F 选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
40. G。空前说“After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter
your changes into your word processor.(当你修改你的草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续工作，你可以把你
的修改输入到你的文字处理器中。)”，空后说“The resulting blank space invites you to revise.(由此产生的
空白允许您修改。)”，因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G 选项“Then you can print out
a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.(然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同样将文本设置为三
倍行距。)”说的是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting blank
space”相呼应，因此G 选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
【2022 浙江1 月卷】
I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but 1 have made specific choice that allow me to make the most
of every day and still feel happy and relaxed. 31
Pick the most important.
32 Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. 1 chose the life of an adviser because
I like to work with companies, but don't want the life of a big company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle
1 want.
Combine your activities.
Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc. 33
Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner. Build your social life around people your work environment. Find
people in your company who share common interests and develop your career (职业) around the people and
activities you love.
34
You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things
that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to
gain back an hour here or there.
Lighten up.
The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress
and keep refining (改进) toward a happy productive existence. 35 Every completion is a small victory
that adds up in a big way.
A. Speed up.
B. Be an active learner.
C. Stop trying to balance time between them all.
D. Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.
E. The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F. Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G. This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.
◆本文是说明文。作者给出了既可以充分利用时间又可以快乐放松的有效建议。
31. 上文“I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but 1 have made specific choice that allow me to
make the most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed.( 我和你一样，每天都有24 小时，但我做了具
体的选择，让我充分利用每一天，仍然感到快乐和放松)”说明作者做出选择，充分利用每一天，但仍旧感
到快乐和轻松，根据下文段落小标题可知，下文就如何充分利用每一天给出了建议，因此空格处应是承上
启下，F 项中的“help you make the most of your time”与上文“to make the most of every day”一致，
“tips”引出下文的建议，因此F 项“也许这些建议会帮助你充分利用你的时间”符合语境，承上启下。故
选F。
32. 根据段落标题“Pick the most important.”可知，本段建议挑选最重要的，下文“Focus on spending
time that for you is fun and productive.( 把时间花在那些对你来说有趣和富有成效的事情上)”说明要挑选
一些有趣的和富有成效的事情去做，D 项中的“what is meaningful in your life”与标题中的“the most
important”一致，下文是对“Make choices”具体解释。因此推断D 项“选择你生活中有意义的东西”符合
语境。故选D。
33. 上文“Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc.(
许多人疯狂地试图弄清楚如何在朋友，家庭，工作，娱乐等方面度过时间)”说明许多人想要弄清楚在生活
中如何分配好时间，下文“Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner.( 找到一种结合的方式来享受它
们)”说明可以把事情组合在一起享受，因此推断空格处与上文是转折关系，说明不要试图均衡时间，C 项
“不要试图在它们之间平衡时间”符合语境。故选C。
34. 空格处为段落小标题。根据下文“You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually
there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most
important. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. Always be looking for a new
way to gain back an hour here or there. (你可能会认为学习需要花费了你更多的时间，但实际上总有一些新
的方法可以为你节省出做日常事务的时间，为你腾出时间去做最重要的事情。寻找在这里或者那里赢回一
个小时的新方法)”可推断，本段讲述学习虽然花费很多时间，但总是能有一些方法为你节省时间做其他事
情，因此要做有效的学习者。因此推断B 项“做有效的学习者”为段落标题，故选B。
35. 下文“Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way.( 每一次的完成都是一个小的胜利，
累积起来就是一个大的胜利)”说明事情要一件一件去做，G 项中的“making lists”与之呼应，因此推断G
项“这就是为什么列清单在任何生产手册中都很重要的原因”符合语境，this 指代上文“The world won't
come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress and keep refining
(改进) toward a happy productive existence.( 在大多数情况下，世界不会因为你没做完几件事而走向末日。
庆祝进步，不断改进走向一个快乐而富有成效的存在)”解释了列出清单一件一件完成任务的原因。故选
G。
【2022 新课标II 卷】
If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not
matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to
read more quickly. 36
·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and
the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. 37
38 Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide
whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save
you quite a lot of time in the long run.
If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. 39
A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific
subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page.
Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. 40 Note also the facts important for your purpose as
well as anything which leads you to further research. You don't have to write these things in detail. It is enough to
put the page number and one or two words as a reminder .
A. Stop to have a rest now and then.
B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
C. This depends on the type of book you are reading.
D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance.
F. You may find yourself having to learn something by heart.
G. Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.
【答案】36. D 37. G 38. B 39. C 40. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。
36.根据上文“If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read
-probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the
benefits of being able to read more quickly.（如果你唯一的阅读是小说或杂志，那么你阅读的速度可能并不
重要。但是，如果你必须大量阅读来学习，你就会感激能够更快地阅读的好处。）”可知，接下来要介绍
提高阅读速度的方法。D 项：Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.（这里有一些帮助提
高阅读速度的建议。）符合语境。故选D。
37.根据本段主题句“Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable.（在你打开书之前，确
保你感到舒服。）”可知，本段主要说明要给自己创造舒适的阅读环境。G 项：Keep the room cool rather
than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.（保持房间凉爽而不是温暖以避免困倦。）符合语境。故选G。
38.空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc（查看
目录、前言、章节标题等。）”可知，本段主要讲述在阅读一本书之前要先浏览一下大致内容。B 项：
Spend a few minutes looking through the book.（花几分钟浏览一下这本书。）符合语境。故选B。
39.根据上文“If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time.
（如果你决定要读完整本书，决定一下你一次能读多少。）”和下文“A history book which may contain
the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects.（以故事形式包含事实
的历史书比科学题材的书更容易阅读。）”可知，看书时间的长短取决于书的类型。C 项：This depends
on the type of book you are reading.（这取决于你读的书的类型。）符合语境。故选C。
40.根据段落主题句“Always keep a pencil and paper beside you.（总是在身边放一支铅笔和一张纸。）”
可知，本段强调要随时注意记笔记。E 项：Make a note of any page which is of special importance.（把任
何有特别重要的一页都记下来。）符合语境。故选E。
【2022 北京卷】
Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore
our health. 35 It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases.
36 We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be
attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not
have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. 37 This does not
definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic
conditions we live in.
It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. 38 For instance, we must
exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age
groups and we must do them according to our own health and age.
Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It
helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. 39 This, in turn, gives us
new goals of health and fitness.
A. Fitness levels decide the quality of life.
B. Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.
C. It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.
D. For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.
E. If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner.
F. There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.
G. This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.
【答案】35. G36. B37. D38. F39. C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是健康和健身之间密不可分的关系以及我们应该通过哪些健身的
方式来让自己有一个健康的身体。
35.根据空前“Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures,
we tend to ignore our health.(健康和健身帮助一个人过上良好和健康的生活。由于各种各样的压力，我们
往往会忽视自己的健康。)”可知因为各种压力，我们的健康容易被忽视，根据空后“It is the fitness level of
our body that helps us fight these diseases.(正是我们身体的健康水平帮助我们对抗这些疾病。)”可知身体的
健康可以让我们应对各种疾病，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲忽视健康对我们的身体及生活的影响。G
项“This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.(这使我们的身体遭受痛苦，而且我们会感
染其他疾病。)”承接上文，引出下文，而且G 项中的other diseases 与空后的these diseases 相互照应，符
合上下文语境。故选G 项。
36.根据空后“We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be
attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body.(为了拥有一个健康的身体我们需要健康。同样，如果
我们是健康的，我们自然会被保持健康的身体所吸引。)”可知健康的身体与健身是密不可分的，空处位于
句首，应是本段的主旨句，B 项“Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.(健康和健身是相互关联
的。)”概括全段的主要内容，符合上下文语境。故选B 项。
37.根据空前“Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a
weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses.(健康是在特定时间内我们身体的状态。我们可能没有
任何疾病，但身体仍然虚弱，随时会被病毒攻击。)”可知我们的身体虽然没有生病，但也很虚弱，随时会
生病，根据空后“This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy.(这并不一定意味着我们不健康。)”
可知生病并不一定表明我们是不健康的。空处承上启下，所以空处应该举例说明我们的身体在虚弱的情况
下会生病这样一种状况，D 项“For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.(例如，我们可
能很容易感冒。)”举例说明我们的身体会在虚弱的情况下生病，承接上文，引出下文，而且空后的This 指
代D 项的we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily 这种情况，符合上下文语境。故选D 项。
38.根据空前“It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness.(对每个人来说，花些时
间在健康和健身方面是很重要的。)”可知我们应该花时间去健身，根据空后“For instance, we must
exercise daily regardless of our age and working style.(例如，我们必须每天锻炼，不管我们的年龄和工作方
式。)”可知我们应该每天坚持锻炼，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们应该通过哪些活动来进行锻
炼，F 项“There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.(在我们的生活中有一些活动是每
个人都应该做的。)”承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选F 项。
39.根据空前“ We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our
immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases.(我们每天至少应该有6 到8 个小时的睡眠。它有助
于改善我们的免疫系统，保护我们抵抗疾病。)”可知我们应该保障充足的睡眠，根据空后“This, in turn,
gives us new goals of health and fitness.(这反过来又给了我们健康和健身的新目标。)”可知充足的睡眠会对
我们的健康和健身目标很有好处，空处承上启下，所以空处应该继续讲充足的睡眠的好处，C 项“It also
helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.(它也帮助我们保持冷静和放松我们的大脑。)”进一步讲了充
足的睡眠对于我们的好处，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选C 项。
考点2 人与社会类七选五
【2026 全国一卷】
Museums, once quiet places filled with history, are now full of digital excitement. By using machine learning
and advanced algorithms (算法), these institutions are creating personalized visitor journeys, protecting delicate
collections, and revealing hidden stories. ____36____
AI transforms a standard museum trip into a personalized and interactive adventure. Smart recommendation
engines analyze data such as exhibit popularity and visitors’ past behavior to suggest specific exhibits and events,
making each visit unique and surprising. ____37____ These digital assistants engage visitors in dynamic
conversations and offer context-sensitive insights that deepen understanding and satisfy curiosity.
Beyond visitor interaction, AI plays a crucial role in preserving priceless artworks. Since the exhibits in
museums sustain natural decay (破损) over time, early detection is vital. AI can help identify the slightest signs of
decay, such as cracks or discoloration, which are often invisible to the human eye. ____38____ Moreover, by
predicting future decay patterns, AI helps museums take preventive measures and improve preservation strategies.
AI also significantly enhances the educational value of museums, particularly for children and
families. ____39____ For instance, interactive exhibits powered by AI can adjust their content and difficulty level
based on the user’s preferences and responses. This adaptability ensures that complex historical concepts become
accessible and engaging for young minds.
Looking ahead, the rapid advancement of AI promises both exciting possibilities and ethical ( 伦理的)
challenges. Museums are working together with AI ethicists to develop fair algorithms. ____40____ Strict policies
should be established to protect visitors’ information.
A. This capability allows for timely restoration.
B. Visitor data collection also raises privacy issues.
C. In short, AI is redefining the museum in all respects.
D. It tailors learning experiences to different age groups and learning styles.
E. Museums are not only places to store artworks, but also spaces for learning.
F. Furthermore, AI-powered virtual guides are replacing traditional tour guides.
G. AI is changing this by using image recognition technology to analyze exhibits.
【答案】36. C 37. F 38. A 39. D 40. B
【解析】
【导语】文章主要介绍了人工智能(AI)在博物馆中的应用，包括为游客提供个性化体验、帮助保护珍贵藏
品、增强教育价值以及面临的伦理挑战。
【36 题详解】
上文“By using machine learning and advanced algorithms (算法), these institutions are creating personalized
visitor journeys, protecting delicate collections, and revealing hidden stories. (通过使用机器学习和先进算法，这
些机构正在创造个性化的游客旅程、保护脆弱的藏品并揭示隐藏的故事)”概括了AI 在博物馆中的多种应
用，C 选项“In short, AI is redefining the museum in all respects.(简而言之，AI 正在全方位重新定义博物
馆)”承接上文，对AI 的全面影响进行总结；下文从游客互动、文物保护、教育价值等方面具体展开，与
C 选项中的“in all respects”形成总分关系，上下文逻辑连贯。
【37 题详解】
上文“ Smart recommendation engines analyze data such as exhibit popularity and visitors’ past behavior to
suggest specific exhibits and events, making each visit unique and surprising.(智能推荐引擎通过分析展品受欢迎
程度和游客过往行为等数据，推荐特定的展品和活动，让每次参观都独特而充满惊喜)”介绍了AI 推荐引
擎的功能，下文“These digital assistants engage visitors in dynamic conversations and offer context-sensitive
insights that deepen understanding and satisfy curiosity.(这些数字助手能与游客进行动态对话，并提供与情境
相关的见解，从而加深理解、满足好奇心)”描述了AI 驱动的虚拟导览员的作用。F 选项“Furthermore, AI-
powered virtual guides are replacing traditional tour guides.(此外，AI 驱动的虚拟导览员正在取代传统的导
游)”承接上文，与推荐引擎构成并列关系，引出AI 在博物馆中的另一项应用——虚拟导览员；下文中的
“These digital assistants”指代F 选项中的“AI-powered virtual guides”，上下文语意连贯。
【38 题详解】
上文“AI can help identify the slightest signs of decay, such as cracks or discoloration, which are often invisible to
the human eye.(AI 可以帮助识别最细微的衰败迹象，如裂缝或变色，这些往往是肉眼无法察觉的)”指出AI
能发现肉眼看不见的文物损坏迹象，A 选项“This capability allows for timely restoration.(这种能力使得及时
修复成为可能)”承接上文，解释了这一发现能力的作用——实现及时修复；下文“Moreover, by predicting
future decay patterns, AI helps museums take preventive measures and improve preservation strategies.(此外，通
过预测未来的衰败模式，AI 帮助博物馆采取预防措施并改进保存策略)”进一步说明AI 在文物保护中的其
他作用，与A 选项中的“timely restoration”构成递进关系，上下文逻辑连贯。
【39 题详解】
上文“AI also significantly enhances the educational value of museums, particularly for children and families.(AI
还显著提升了博物馆的教育价值，尤其是对儿童和家庭而言)”指出AI 对博物馆教育价值的提升作用，D
选项“It tailors learning experiences to different age groups and learning styles.(它根据不同年龄段和学习风格
定制学习体验)”承接上文，具体解释了AI 如何提升教育价值——通过个性化定制；下文“For instance,
interactive exhibits powered by AI can adjust their content and difficulty level based on the user’s preferences and
responses.(例如，由AI 驱动的互动展品可以根据用户的偏好和反应调整其内容和难度水平)”举例说明D 选
项中的“tailors learning experiences”的具体实现方式，上下文语意连贯。
【40 题详解】
下文“Strict policies should be established to protect visitors’ information.(应制定严格的政策来保护游客的信
息)”提出要制定严格的政策保护游客信息，也就是保护游客隐私。B 选项“Visitor data collection also
raises privacy issues.(游客数据收集也引发了隐私问题)”说明了游客数据收集与隐私保护之间的关联，解释
了为什么要制定严格政策，选项中的“privacy issues”与下文中的“protect visitors’ information”直接呼应，
上下文逻辑连贯。
【2025 全国二卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Unexpected Benefits of Volunteering as a Family
Are you looking for a way to bring your family together? Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both
the little ones and adults? 36 You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but
there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family.
●You’ll feel like you have more time.
People often feel they are too busy to volunteer. Yet, research has found that giving your time to community
causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it. 37
●You can live longer if you volunteer regularly.
38 Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and
maintained overall health longer than others their age. Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health
and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives.
● 39
Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades and
increased self-confidence. These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to affect a teen’s well-being in
the years to come.
●You’ll have more time with family.
Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common goal. 40
Everyone brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way. And, there are tasks
for every age and ability, so all your children can feel proud of their work.
A. Helping the community lowers rates of depression.
B. Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need.
C. Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers.
D. Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice.
E. For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits.
F. You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn’t know about before.
G. Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day.
【答案】36. B 37. G38. E39. C40. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍家庭共同参与志愿活动带来的意外好处，包括感觉时间更充裕、
促进身体健康、对青少年产生长远积极影响以及增进家庭互动等。
36.根据上文“Are you looking for a way to bring your family together? Hoping to find a hobby that can be
shared by both the little ones and adults? (你在寻找让家人团聚的方法吗？希望找到一个大人和小孩都能参
与的爱好吗)”可知，此处以提问方式引出家庭共同活动的需求，空格处需给出解决方案。B 选项
“Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need. (全家一起做志愿者可能正是你需要的)”中的
“Volunteering as a family”直接回应“bring your family together”和“shared hobby”，引出下文对家庭志
愿活动好处的具体说明，符合语境。故选B 项。
37.根据段落主题句“You’ll feel like you have more time. (你会觉得自己有更多时间)”及上文“Yet, research
has found that giving your time to community causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it. (然而，
研究发现，把时间投入到社区事业中实际上会让你觉得自己拥有更多时间)”可推知，设空处需解释“感觉
时间更多”的原因。G 选项“Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of
each day. (志愿活动让你感觉有能力，并激励你充分利用每一天)”中的“makes you feel capable”和
“inspires you to make the most of each day”从心理层面解释了为何志愿活动会让人产生时间更充裕的感觉，
与“feel like you have more time”形成因果关联。故选G 项。
38.根据下文“Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory
and maintained overall health longer than others their age. (华盛顿大学研究发现，55 岁及以上的成年人中，
参与志愿服务的人群比同龄人拥有更优的记忆力，且能更长久地维持整体健康状态)”可知，本段聚焦志愿
活动对成年人身体健康的益处。E 选项“For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health
benefits. (对成年人来说，志愿活动可以带来显著的身体健康益处)”中的“For adults”对应“adults 55 and
older”，“physical health benefits”概括了“better memory”和“maintained overall health”，与本段的主
题吻合。故选E 项。
39.根据下文“Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as
improved grades and increased self-confidence. These effects aren’t just short-term but have been proved to
affect teen’s well-being in the years to come. (青少年时期参与志愿服务已被证实与一些重要的积极影响相关，
例如成绩提升和自信心增强。这些影响并非只是短期的，而是已被证明会在未来数年持续影响青少年的身
心健康)”可知，本段主题为志愿活动对青少年的长期影响。C 选项“Volunteering has a lifelong effect on
kids and teenagers. (志愿活动对儿童和青少年有终身影响)”中的“lifelong effect”对应“affect teen’s well-
being in the years to come”，“on kids and teenagers”覆盖段落讨论的年龄群体，符合段落主旨。故选C
项。
40.根据上文“Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working toward a common
goal. (一起做志愿者的家庭有朝着共同目标努力的独特经历)”及下文“Everyone brings something unique
to the table and can connect with each other in a new way. (每个人都能带来独特的东西，并能以新的方式相
互联系)”可推知，设空处需补充家庭志愿活动中成员间的具体互动。F 选项“You may even learn that your
kid has talent you didn’t know about before. (你甚至可能会发现你的孩子有你以前不知道的天赋)”中的
“learn that your kid has talent”体现“Everyone brings something unique”，且“in a new way”对应“发现
孩子未知天赋”的新颖体验，衔接上下文。故选F 项。
【2025 浙江1 月卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much.
36
There’s no
value in delivering any kind of communication, whether written, spoken, formal, or informal, if the
message doesn’t come across clearly. Being clear and brief – while maintaining interest and including
everything your listeners need to know – is a high-level communication skill.
Here are some tips worth following in order to communicate more effectively.
●Keep your audience in mind.
Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to
their interests.
3 7
This will engage their desire to understand and interact with the information.
●Don’t use ten words when one will do.
Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored. Keeping your message
simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand.
3 8
However, they’re hearing it for
the first time. Keep it simple.
●
3 9
If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few
better ways to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to
take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others. Allow them to lead discussions and
meetings to develop their communication skills.
●Consider the best method to deliver your message.
If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email. Written
communication will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with
questions.
40
Building effective communication skills takes time, but the effects are worth the effort.
A. Be patient.
B. Get the audience involved.
C. The best messages are often simple.
D. Speak directly to what matters to them.
E. You may be surprised by what your listeners offer.
F. It will also give them a handy record to refer back to.
G. As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say.
【导读】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了有效沟通的方式。
【解析】
36. C 空白处前提到，在沟通中最常见的错误之一就是试图做得太多；空白处后讲的是“如果信息没有清
晰地传达出来，那么任何形式的沟通，无论是书面的、口头的、正式的或非正式的，都没有价值”。由此
可知，空白处强调的应是不要传达过多内容，要注重信息的清晰传达，C 项“最好的信息往往是简单的”
符合语境。
37. D。根据空白处前可知，要根据听众的兴趣决定沟通内容，再结合空白处后“这将激发他们理解信息并
与之互动的欲望”可知，D 项“直接讲述对他们重要的事情”进一步说明了要针对听众感兴趣的内容进行
沟通，符合语境。
38. G。根据小标题可知，本段围绕沟通内容要简洁展开。根据空白处后可知，这里是将讲话者和听众进行
对比，讲话者已经知道内容，而听众是第一次听，所以要简单明了。G 项“作为讲话者，你已经知道自己
要说什么”，与下文逻辑连贯。
39. B。空白处为该段的小标题。根据本段后两句可知，本段建议讲话者让听众积极贡献想法参与到讨论中
来。B 项“让听众参与进来”最能概括本段内容。
40. F。根据小标题可知，本段建议沟通者考虑传递信息的最佳方式。空白处前提到，书面沟通能让听众有
更多时间回顾、认真思考并提出问题来跟进。F 项“这也会为他们提供一份方便查阅的记录”，进一步说
明了书面沟通的另一个好处，与上文衔接紧密。
【2025 八省联考卷】
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Join the Friends and find the place that’s right for you
●Who are the Friends of the University Art Museum?
Friends are our neighbors from the local communities and beyond. They are families, students, scholars, and
alumni (校友). 36 . Friends are united by a shared love for the arts and for the university, and by a desire
to be part of a cultural community. Friends are interested and active in the life of the Art Museum. Friends are art
lovers-just like you.
● 37 ?
As a Friend, your membership provides essential annual support to help sustain the continued excellence and
diversity of the Museum’s educational programs. By joining the Friends, you help to guarantee that the Museum
remains a welcoming place of shared enrichment for all visitors to experience, to enjoy, and to love.
●What benefits do members of the Friends enjoy?
38 . When you become a Friend of the University Art Museum, you also become part of a great
tradition. Not only will you be actively participating in the life of the Museum, but you also will receive special
opportunities to share your love of art with other like-minded individuals. 39 , and they get invitations to
exhibition openings, lectures, travel opportunities, and lively social gatherings.
●How do I join the Friends?
Becoming a Friend is easy. 40 , return it with your annual membership fee in the attached envelope,
and begin enjoying your benefits immediately. If you prefer, you may join online at artmuseum.
edu/support/become-a-member, or when you visit the Museum Store.
A. Why does membership matter
B. How can I learn about the Friends
C. Simply complete the membership form
D. You can then see the full range of Friends benefits
E. Friends membership is your entry to many opportunities
F. Friends receive a subscription to the Museum’s quarterly magazine
G. Friends are people of all ages, interests, abilities, and cultural backgrounds
【答案】36. G37. A38. E39. F40. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大学艺术博物馆之友的成员构成、会员意义、福利待遇及加
入方式，鼓励公众参与。
36.由上文“Friends are our neighbors from the local communities and beyond. They are families, students,
scholars, and alumni (校友). (Friends 是来自当地社区和其他地方的邻居。他们是家庭、学生、学者和校
友)”可知，上文介绍了大学艺术博物馆之友的身份，强调其成员身份的多样性。这里需要一个句子来补充
说明朋友群体的多样性。选项G“Friends are people of all ages, interests, abilities, and cultural backgrounds
(Friends 是所有年龄、兴趣、能力和文化背景的人)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
37.由下文“As a Friend, your membership provides essential annual support to help sustain the continued
excellence and diversity of the Museum’s educational programs. By joining the Friends, you help to
guarantee that the Museum remains a welcoming place of shared enrichment for all visitors to experience, to
enjoy, and to love. (作为一名Friend，你的会员资格将提供必要的年度支持，以帮助保持博物馆教育项目的
持续卓越和多样性。通过加入Friends，你可以帮助确保博物馆仍然是一个欢迎所有游客体验、享受和热
爱的共享丰富的地方)”可知，这里需要一个问句来引出会员身份的重要性。选项A“Why does membership
matter (为什么会员资格很重要)”直接提出了会员身份的重要性问题，引出了下文对会员支持博物馆教育项
目的解释，符合题意。故选A。
38.由上文“What benefits do members of the Friends enjoy? (Friends 会员享有什么福利？)”及下文
“When you become a Friend of the University Art Museum, you also become part of a great tradition. (当
你成为大学艺术博物馆一员时，你也成为了一项伟大传统的一部分。你不仅会积极参与博物馆的各项活动，
还将获得与其他志同道合者分享你对艺术的热爱的特别机会)”可知，这里需要一个句子来概括会员可以享
受的各种福利。选项E“Friends membership is your entry to many opportunities (朋友会员资格是你获得许
多机会的入口)”概述了会员资格带来的多种机会，为下文的具体福利做了铺垫，符合题意。故选E。
39.由上文“Not only will you be actively participating in the life of the Museum, but you also will receive
special opportunities to share your love of art with other like-minded individuals. (你不仅会积极参与博物馆
的各项活动，还将获得特别的机会，与其他志同道合的人一起分享你对艺术的热爱)”及下文“and they get
invitations to exhibition openings, lectures, travel opportunities, and lively social gatherings. (并且，他们会
收到展览开幕式、讲座、旅行活动以及热闹的社交聚会的邀请函)”可知，这里需要一个句子来列举具体的
会员福利。选项F“Friends receive a subscription to the Museum’s quarterly magazine (会员们可以订阅博
物馆的季刊)”具体提到了会员可以收到博物馆的季刊杂志，能承上启下，符合题意。故选F。
40. 由上文“How do I join the Friends? (我如何加入Friends？)”及下文“return it with your annual
membership fee in the attached envelope, and begin enjoying your benefits immediately. (请将它与你的年度
会员费一同放入随附的信封中寄回，然后立即开始享受你的会员福利)”可知，这里需要一个句子来介绍加
入Friends 的方式。选项C“Simply complete the membership form (只需填写会员表格)”直接告诉读者如何
加入Friends，且C 选项中的the membership form 与下文的it 相对应，符合题意。故选C。
【2024 浙江1 月卷】
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college
experience. 36 But are all online courses created equal? How can you be sure that digital learning is
right for you? 37
We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses, The most obvious
advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. 38 “I think a point that
many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda
Bindman. Before choosing to study online, consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the
material seems interesting enough to keep you going.
The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what
you would do with in person courses. 39 He noted that his online students usually end up with lower
grades. It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set
times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.
40 A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this
problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can
motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a
study group, or schedule in-person meeting s with your professor to discuss course concepts.
A. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.
B. Your motivation should be your main concern.
C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education?
D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.
E. The chief complain t about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade?
G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.
【答案】36. G37. F38. A39. D40. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在线学习的注意事项。
36.由上文“In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college
experience. (在过去的几年里，在线学习已经成为大学生活的重要组成部分)”可知，在线学习对大学生活很
重要，本空要说跟“这种现象的具体表现”有关的话题，故G 选项“A survey found that 29 percent of
college students registered for online courses. (一项调查发现，29%的大学生注册了在线课程。)”能承接上
文，符合题意。故选G。
37.由上文“If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? (但是所有的在
线课程都是平等的吗？你如何确定数字化学习适合你？)”可知，上文对在线课程提出疑问，本空可以继续
提出疑问，故F 选项“If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? (如
果你参加了在线课程，你能做些什么来确保尽可能好的成绩？)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
38.由上文“The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. (在
线学习最明显的优势是你可以随时随地学习)”可知，在线学习具备的优势是可以让你随时随地学习，本空
要说跟“学习时间”有关的话题，故A 选项“But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines. (但这并不意味
着没有最后期限。)”与上文构成转折关系，that 指代上一句话，符合题意。故选A。
39.由下文“He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. (他指出，他的在线学生最终
的成绩通常较低)”可知，本空要说跟“在线老师”有关的话题，故D 选项“Professor Alex Davidson
teaches the same course in person and online. (Alex Davidson 教授亲自授课和在线授课)”能引起下文，下文
中的He 指代D 项中的“Alex Davidson 教授”，符合题意。故选D。
40.由下文“A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this
problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can
motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a
study group, or schedule in-person meeting s with your professor to discuss course concepts. (社会关系通常
是学习的重要组成部分。你可以做一些事情来缓解这个问题。本科生杰西卡·平克建议和朋友一起参加在线
课程，这样你们就可以互相激励，坚持下去。你也可以在课堂讨论板上找到学生，组织一个学习小组，或
者安排与教授面对面的会议，讨论课程概念)”可知，本空要说跟“人们之间的互动”有关的话题，故E 选
项“The chief complain t about online courses is that they lack human interaction. (对在线课程的主要抱怨
是它们缺乏人与人之间的互动。)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选E。
【2022 全国乙卷】
Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain ( 保持) long-
distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact ( 联系) and share with one
another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. 36
.
·More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted
and what method works best for you both. 37 . There are alternatives to constant written communication,
such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
38 . The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on
the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may
feel abandoned.
· 39
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might
make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that
keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don’t rely on technology alone
40 , but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to
sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever
possible.
A. Remember important dates
B. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
36-40 DBGAF
【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。
36. D。上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.”（平日繁忙，很难抽出时
间打电话。）讲的是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D 项“尽量找个双方都有空的时间去打电
话，并坚持下去”给出了解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。故选D。
37. B。上文“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants
to be contacted and what method works best for you both.”（确保你已经与你的朋友沟通过，了解你们彼此
希望联系的次数，以及哪种沟通方式最适合你们两人。）提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式，B 项“可以
通过写信补偿”提出了其中一种沟通方式：写信，下文“ There are alternatives to constant written
communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.”（除了不断的文字交流，还有其他
方式，比如发语音或者组建群聊。）补充了发语音等其他沟通方式，其中“ constant written
communication”呼应了B 项的“writing letters”。故选B。
38. G。下文“The friend who is remaining”（留下来的朋友）和“The one in the new environment”（在新
环境中的那个）提到朋友的两个不同处境，G 项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一
方”指出了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend who left”和“the one who was left
behind”分别对应下文“The one in the new environment”和“The friend who is remaining”，所以G 项符
合题意。故选G。
39. A。分析文章结构可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五段的小标题。下文
“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.”（周年纪念日和生日对
于异地友谊而言是非常重要的。）讲的是诸如周年纪念日和生日等重要的日子对于维系异地友谊是非常重
要的，由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是A 项“记得重要的日子”，所以A 项符合题意。故选
A。
40. F。设空处所在句子的后半句“but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more
conscious effort to sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维
系。）讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F 项“朋友
之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与
后半句“require more conscious effort to sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“social media”呼应了该段的小标
题“Don’t rely on technology alone”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technology”。故选F。
【2022 新课标I 卷】
My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 36 So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically
expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the
hallway.
The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked.
37 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French.
That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a
couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. 38 French strawberries do not taste like
cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
39 On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I
bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were
the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by café life. French
cafés are always crowded. 40 When do these people work? The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously
— so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of
hours that independent contractors can be on call.
A. Not all the customers are tourists.
B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy.
【答案】36-40 FCGEA
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和丈夫在巴黎待了一段时间了解到的法国人的一些生活习惯。
36.下文“So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a
cupboard.(所以我们做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵公寓，在第六层，只有一个橱柜那么大)”说明作
者和丈夫采取行动，租了昂贵的公寓，F 项“我们的目标是看看我们是否在某种程度上能像真正的巴黎人
那样生活。”说明作者和丈夫租昂贵公寓的原因，引出下文，符合题意。故选F 项。
37.上文“Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing worked.(与普通的巴黎公寓不同，水管工作正
常)”说明作者租的公寓的情况，C 项“有一个漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床”继续说明公寓的配置，承接上
文，符合题意。故选C 项。
38.下文“French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little
flavor bombs.(法国草莓尝起来不像纸板。相反，它们会像小炸弹一样在你嘴里爆炸)”说明法国的草莓很美
味，G 项中delicious 是关键词，G 项“食物是如此美味，你不需要吃太多就能使你快乐”引出下文，符合
题意。故选G 项。
39.下文“My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!(我丈夫和
我都认为这是我们吃过的最好的水果。但它们要18 美元!)”说明法国的水果好吃但是很贵，E 项“这并不
是法国人吃得比我们少的唯一原因”承接上文法国人吃的少但是不胖的话题，并引出下文，说明法国人吃
的少的另一个原因“物价昂贵”。故选E 项。
40.上文“In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by cafés
life. French cafés are always crowded. (在法国生活质量比效率更重要。这一点你能从咖啡馆生活看出来。
法国的咖啡厅总是很拥挤)”说明了法国人会去咖啡馆，认为生活质量比效率更重要，以及下文“When do
these people work?(这些人什么时候工作？)”说明咖啡馆中的顾客有法国人，A 项中customer 符合咖啡馆
的情境设定，A 项“并不是所有的顾客都是游客。”承上启下，符合题意。故选A 项。
【2022 全国甲卷】
Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. 36 . Knowing
some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the
world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down
between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. 37
.
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you
to eat with a utensil in each hand. 38 , instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never
touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
39 . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their
seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various
countries. 40 , the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
36-40 DFCGB
【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事情。
36. D。根据文章标题“Important Things to Know When Dining Out (外出就餐时要知道的重要事情)”可知，
本文主要介绍的是外出就餐时应该知道的重要事情。由此可知，D 项“Don’t get caught making an
embarrassing mistake at a restaurant (不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误)”符合语境，其中“at a restaurant”对应标
题中的“ When Dining Out” ，同时引起下文“ Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an
enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. (知道一些技巧将有助于确保
你和朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉快的晚餐——无论你在世界的哪个地方)”。故选D。
37. F。根据本段小标题“Chopstick Rules”可知，本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的规则。根据上文“When
you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the
table in front of you. (当你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样它们就和你面前
的桌子边缘平行了)”可知，此处讲述了正确使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F 项“Never stick them upright
in your food or cross them as you use them (不要把它们笔直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它们时交叉
放置)”讲述的也是使用筷子时的注意事项，符合此处语境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故
选F。
38. C。根据本段小标题“Hands or Utensils (餐具)”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文
“In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect
you to eat with a utensil in each hand. (在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你
每只手拿一个餐具吃饭)”及下文“instead preferring to use their hands (相反更愿意使用他们的双手)”可知，
此处在讲述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。由此可知，C 项“Mexicans consider it inappropriate
to eat with utensils (墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)”符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。故选C。
39. G。根据本段小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“In
Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills.
Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. (在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为
这向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪)”可推
知，在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很无礼的。由此可知，G 项“It may seem like simple request to ask
for salt and pepper at a meal (吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单)”符合此处语境，其中“request”是关键词，说
明，在用餐时提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。故选G。
40. B。根据下文“the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. (你就会对它
的外国文化习俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习俗，且此处是
“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，B 项“The more time you spend in any given country (你在某个国家待
的时间越长)”符合文意，引出下文。故选B。
考点3 人与自然型七选五
【2024 新课标II 卷】
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help?
Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and
communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. ___36___
Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making
wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.
●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online
posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape,
culture or food deeply draws you. ___37___
●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though
overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of
extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. ___38___ Why not try a
regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?
● ___39___ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll
compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy
when tourism is traditionally slower.
Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege(荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination
special in the first place. ___40___ You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.
A. Visit during off-peak times.
B. So, should we stop traveling?
C. Travel for you and no one else.
D. Can overtourism be avoided then?
E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. E 39. A 40. G
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了如何避免“过度旅游”的现象。
36. 前文“ Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local
economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and
destinations.(旅游促进理解，扩展我们的思想，使我们成为更好的人，促进当地经济和社区，但旅游业的
快速发展导致了某些地区和目的地的过度旅游)”表明旅游带来了一些问题，后文“The loss of what travel
offers would be unacceptable in today’s world.(在当今世界，失去旅行所能提供的东西将是不可接受的)”表
示不能失去旅行，结合后文“Certainly not.(当然不)”可知，空处提问能否停止旅行，D 选项“那么，我们
应该停止旅行吗？”符合语境。故选B。
37.前文“Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts
featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape,
culture or food deeply draws you.(游客过多的目的地是有原因的：它们很特别。网上有这么多关于同一个
地方的帖子，很容易让你觉得你错过了。只有当风景、文化或食物深深吸引你时，才去某个地方)”表明不
要跟风旅游，C 选项“为你而不是其他人旅行”表明要关注自己在旅行时的感受，忠实自己的感受，不用
管其余的建议，符合语境。故选C。
38.前文“That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from.(这意味着你有很多不太受欢迎的
选择)及后文“Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?(
为什么不尝试一个地区性的选择，或者看看一个热门目的地不太为人所知的景点呢)”提出建议，可以选择
一些冷门的景点，E 选项“你仍然可以找到相对未被发现的地方”语境一致。故选E。
39.空处为小标题，根据后文“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or
rush hour.(通过跳过重大节假日或高峰时间来最小化影响并最大化体验)”表示旅游时要注意避开高峰期，
选择合适的时间，A 选项“在非高峰时间参观”概括本段内容。故选A。
40.前文“Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place.(尽你的一份力，从一
开始就保护一个目的地的特别之处)”表明旅游时应保护旅游景点，后文“You may be amazed how much
closer you’ll feel to the people there.(你可能会惊讶地发现你和那里的人感觉如此亲近)”表示这样做的感受，
G 选项“考虑回馈你所访问的社区”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
【2023 全国乙卷】
Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung
heroes of the home. 36 , but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving
their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and
are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants?
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these
species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. 37 .
Why are indoor plants good for you?
Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “ 38 . I find during the winter months,
plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants
can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around
them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints
or cooking. 39 .
Which plants can you grow?
Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy
plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and
you get to care for them as they mature — which is part of the joy of owning plants. “ 40 ,” Spoelstra says.
“It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”
A. All plants are different
B. Not only do they look beautiful
C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best
F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
【答案】36. B 37. D 38. C 39. E 40. G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室内植物、室内植物带来的好处及你能种植哪些室内植物。
36.根据下文“but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心
情), reducing stress and helping their memory.(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增
强记忆力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成not only…but“不仅……而且……”结
构。由此可知，B. Not only do they look beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选
B。
37.根据上文“Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in
the winter.(这些品种中的许多都不适合在英国户外生长，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒
冷的环境中生长，即适合在温暖的地方生长。由此可知，D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is
warmer(相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选D。
38.根据下文“I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.(我发现在
冬天的几个月里，房子周围的植物真的能提升你的情绪)”可知，室内植物对人有好处。由此可知，C.
There are many benefits to growing plants indoors(在室内种植植物有很多好处)能够衔接下文，符合语境。
故选C。
39.根据上文“There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing
harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.(也
有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中
的一些有害化学物质)”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可知，E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s
tongue are among the best(像和平百合和魔芋之类的植物是最好的)能够承接上文，列举了在这方面做的最
好的植物，符合语境。故选E。
40.根据上文“Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they
mature-which is part of the joy of owning plants.(年轻的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它们成
熟时照顾它们——这是拥有植物的乐趣之一)”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G. Learning
about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding(了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的)能够承接上
文，同时引起下文，下文“It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the
link between home and nature.”(它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点，并有助于建立家庭与自然之间
的联系。)”具体介绍了了解每种植物的需求的好处。故选G。
