专题05 阅读理解（七选五）
参考答案
主题01 人与自我——做人与做事
Passage 1
（2026·海南·二模）
4 Ways to Calm a Tense Situation
Dealing with arguments can be challenging. However, staying calm and self-aware is your greatest tool to
find common ground again. 1 Remember, while working through disagreements is important, your safety
comes first. If you ever feel unsafe, it is always okay to set boundaries, ask for help, or walk away.
●Use “Opposite Energy”
When people start shouting and talking over each other, it’s easy to copy that same angry energy, which only
makes things worse. 2 Stay calm, control your emotions, and respond thoughtfully. When one person
remains reasonable, the argument usually cools down much faster.
●Stick to the Main Point
Sometimes, one small problem can bring up every other past complaint. Try not to get distracted by these side
issues or hurtful comments. Keep the conversation focused on the most important problem at hand. 3
●Mind Your Words and Body Language
4 Speak softly and clearly. Avoid blaming phrases and defensive body language like pointing or
crossing your arms. Instead, use open-ended questions to let the other person express themselves. Use positive phrases
like, “Let’s solve this together,” or “I see your point,” to show that you understand and want to find an answer.
●Listen to the Feelings Behind the Words
When people are upset, their words don’t always show their true feelings. 5 Are they scared,
stressed, or hurt? Recognizing these hidden emotions can prevent you from focusing only on their sharp words. Even
if you disagree, everyone wants to feel heard. Maintain eye contact, nod to show you are listening, and repeat their
concerns in your own words to show you truly understand.
A．Instead, try to break the pattern.
B．Avoid focusing on their negative feelings.
C．The following tips may help you stay safe.
D．You can always deal with smaller issues later.
E．Try to understand why they are acting this way.
F．Try these techniques to promote more productive discussions.
G．Your communication style can make the situation better or worse.
【答案】1．F 2．A 3．D 4．G 5．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种缓解紧张局势的方法。
1．上文“Dealing with arguments can be challenging. However, staying calm and self-aware is your greatest tool
to find common ground again.(处理争论可能具有挑战性。然而，保持冷静和自我意识是你重新找到共同点
的最大工具。)”表明了文章的主题，即处理争论时保持冷静和自我意识的重要性。下文“Remember, while
working through disagreements is important, your safety comes first.(记住，虽然解决分歧很重要，但你的安全
是第一位的。)”是对处理争论时需要注意的一个方面，即安全。由此可知，空处应该是一个过渡句，引出
下文要介绍的具体方法或技巧。选项F“试试这些技巧，促进更有成效的讨论”符合语境。故选F。
2．上文“When people start shouting and talking over each other, it’s easy to copy that same angry energy, which
only makes things worse.(当人们开始大喊大叫，互相打断对方时，很容易复制同样的愤怒情绪，这只会让
事情变得更糟。)”描述了人们在争论时的一种常见反应，即复制对方的愤怒情绪。下文“Stay calm, control
your emotions, and respond thoughtfully.(保持冷静，控制你的情绪，并深思熟虑地回应。)”给出了一个与上
文相反的建议，即保持冷静和理智。由此可知，空处应该是一个转折句，引出下文要保持冷静和理智的建
议。选项A“相反，试着打破这种模式”符合语境，与上文形成对比。故选A。
3．上文“Keep the conversation focused on the most important problem at hand.(让对话集中在当前最重要的问
题上。)”强调了在争论时要专注于主要问题。由此可知，空处应该进一步解释或说明为什么要这样做，或
者这样做的好处是什么。选项D“你可以以后再处理小问题”符合语境，与上文形成互补，说明了在专注于
主要问题的同时，可以暂时忽略或推迟处理小问题。故选D。
4．下文“Speak softly and clearly. Avoid blaming phrases and defensive body language like pointing or crossing
your arms.(说话要轻声细语，清晰明了。避免使用指责性的短语和防御性的肢体语言，比如指指点点或交
叉双臂。)”描述了在与他人交流时应该注意的沟通方式。由此可知，空处应该是一个引出下文关于沟通方
式的句子。选项G“你的沟通方式可以让情况变得更好或更糟”符合语境，与下文形成呼应，强调了沟通方
式的重要性。故选G。
5．上文“When people are upset, their words don’t always show their true feelings.(当人们感到不安时，他们的
话并不总是能表达出他们的真实感受。)”说明了在争论时，人们的话可能并不总是真实的。下文“Are they
scared, stressed, or hurt? Recognizing these hidden emotions can prevent you from focusing only on their sharp
words.(他们是害怕、紧张还是受伤？识别这些隐藏的情绪可以防止你只关注他们的尖锐言辞。)”进一步解
释了为什么要尝试理解对方背后的真实情绪。由此可知，空处应该是一个引出下文要尝试理解对方真实情
绪的句子。选项E“试着理解他们为什么这样做”符合语境。故选E。
Passage 2
（2026·四川眉山·二模）
In many cities today, life runs on speed. People walk with earphones in, reply to messages while waiting for
the light to change, and scroll (浏览) through other people’s days on the way to their own.
1
Yet noticing is
exactly where a calmer life begins.
Think about the last time you genuinely noticed an ordinary moment: the smell of rain rising from warm
pavement, or the quiet relief of finally sitting down after a long day. These small details seldom make it into anyone’s
online highlights.
2
When we pay attention to them, we return to our own lives instead of merely passing
by.
Noticing is not a luxury only reserved for those with plenty of free time. It can take less than a minute. The
point is not to create a perfect routine but to make tiny openings in the day.
3
You might pause before
entering a classroom, take one slow breath, and let your shoulders drop. Or you might simply observe those around
you on the bus without judgement.
4
When the world is no longer just background noise, the distance between “me” and “them” begins to
narrow. In fact, it may lead us to ask for help or to offer help. Small acts like holding a door or offering a seat feel
less like duties and more like natural responses.
Of course, noticing does not fix everything. It won’t erase deadlines or resolve real hardships that require time,
resources and support. But it gives us a clearer mind to act, rather than just react.
5
A．Noticing has a surprising social effect.
B．That’s why we should try to record them online.
C．As a result, we tend to focus too much on others.
D．Some are easy to miss, but quietly shape how we feel.
E．These moments can be simple and easily built into everyday life.
F．And then, we are more likely to care, for ourselves and others, patiently.
G．It seems understandable that we rarely pause to notice the present moment.
【答案】1．G 2．D 3．E 4．A 5．F
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述留意当下小事能帮我们获得更平静的生活。
1．上文“In many cities today, life runs on speed. People walk with earphones in, reply to messages while waiting
for the light to change, and scroll (浏览) through other people’s days on the way to their own.(如今在很多城市，
生活都在赶速度：人们戴着耳机走路，等红绿灯时回消息，赶路的间隙还在刷着别人的日常。)”描述了当
下人们忙碌赶速度的生活状态。空后“Yet noticing is exactly where a calmer life begins.(但留意，正是更平静
生活的开端)”用转折引出留意的重要性。空处与前文为顺承关系，说明忙碌状态下人们很少留意当下的常
态。选项G“It seems understandable that we rarely pause to notice the present moment.(我们很少停下来留意当
下，这似乎是可以理解的)”承接了前文的忙碌状态，同时与后文的转折形成呼应，符合语境。故选G。
2．上文“These small details seldom make it into anyone’s online highlights.(这些小细节很少会出现在任何人
的网络高光时刻里)”提到了日常的小细节很少被人关注。空后“When we pay attention to them, we return to
our own lives instead of merely passing by.(当我们关注它们时，我们回归自己的生活，而不只是匆匆路过)”
说明关注这些细节的意义。空处承接前文，说明这些细节的特点。选项D“Some are easy to miss, but quietly
shape how we feel.(有些细节很容易被忽略，却悄悄塑造着我们的感受)”中的“Some”指代前文的“small
details”，点明了这些不起眼细节的作用，与后文内容呼应，符合语境。故选D。
3．上文“The point is not to create a perfect routine but to make tiny openings in the day.(重点不是打造完美的
日程，而是在一天里留出小小的空隙)”说明留意不需要特意安排，只要在日常留一点空隙即可。空后
“You might pause before entering a classroom, take one slow breath, and let your shoulders drop. Or you might
simply observe those around you on the bus without judgement.(你可以在进教室前停一下，慢慢呼吸放松肩
膀；或是在公交上不带评判地观察身边的人)”举了两个日常的小例子。空处承上启下，说明这些留意的时
刻很容易融入日常。选项E“These moments can be simple and easily built into everyday life.(这些时刻可以很
简单，很容易融入日常生活)”中的“These moments”指代前文的“tiny openings”，引出后文的具体例子，符
合语境。故选E。
4．下文“When the world is no longer just background noise, the distance between “me” and “them” begins to
narrow. In fact, it may lead us to ask for help or to offer help.(当周遭的世界不再只是无关的背景杂音，“我”
和“他人”之间的距离就开始慢慢缩小。事实上，这会促使我们主动求助，或是向他人伸出援手)”说明留
意能拉近人际距离，带来社交层面的影响。空处是本段的总起句，点明本段的核心。选项A“Noticing has a
surprising social effect.(留意有着惊人的社交效果)”总领了后文的内容，点明留意的社交作用，符合语境。
故选A。
5．上文“Of course, noticing does not fix everything. It won’t erase deadlines or resolve real hardships that
require time, resources and support. But it gives us a clearer mind to act, rather than just react.(当然，留意当下并
不能解决所有问题。它没法帮我们消除工作的截止期限，也解决不了那些需要时间、资源与支持才能渡过
的实际困境。但它能让我们头脑更清醒，去主动行动，而非只是被动应激)”说明留意能让我们更清醒地主
动行动。空处承接前文，说明这种清醒行动带来的结果。选项F“And then, we are more likely to care, for
ourselves and others, patiently.(然后，我们就更有可能耐心地关心自己和他人)”承接了前文的“act”，点明了
留意最终带来的积极影响，符合语境。故选F。
Passage 3
（2026·四川内江·二模）
Essential Internet Safety Tips
Our lives are deeply connected to the internet — for work, study, and communication. 1 Identity
theft, malware (恶意软件) and phishing scams are increasingly common. Fortunately, most threats can be avoided
wisely. Adopting a few key safety practices can significantly reduce them.
2 However, simple ones create serious security risks. A secure password should include at least 12
characters — mixing uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols — while avoiding personal information
like birthdays. Using a password manager helps generate and store unique passwords, reducing the risk of multiple
account breaches from a single leak. In addition, it is safer to close old accounts you no longer use.
Multi-factor authentication (MFA) provides an essential additional safeguard. 3 This might be a
one-time code sent to your phone, a fingerprint scan, or a security question. Even if a password is stolen, MFA greatly
reduces unauthorized access. Make sure to turn on this feature for important accounts like email and online
banking.
Think before you click or share online. Always check the website legitimacy (合法性) before entering sensitive
data — look for “https://” and a padlock icon. Avoid clicking links in unexpected emails or downloading files from
unknown sources. 4
Online safety ultimately depends on habits, not just technology. 5 Keeping regular backups of
important files on an external drive or cloud service can protect you if your device is locked by malware. By combining
smart tools with responsible behavior, you can surf the digital waves with confidence rather than fear.
A．Passwords are a basic but critical defense.
B．Building good habits takes time and effort.
C．What really matters is what we do consistently.
D．This extra step confirms identity in several ways.
E．Many people ignore the importance of safe passwords.
F．Yet this convenience often coexists with potential risks.
G．A careless action can lead to malware infection or data loss.
【答案】1．F 2．A 3．D 4．G 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了互联网在带来便利的同时也存在安全风险，并给出了设置安全密码、
开启多因素认证、谨慎点击链接、养成良好上网习惯等几种有效防范网络安全威胁的方法。
1．上文“Our lives are deeply connected to the internet — for work, study, and communication. (我们的生活与
互联网紧密相连——为了工作、学习和交流。)”指出网络与生活、工作密切相连，带来了便利；下文
“Identity theft, malware and phishing scams are increasingly common. (身份盗窃、恶意软件和网络钓鱼诈骗
越来越普遍)”阐述网络带来的安全风险，F 选项“Yet this convenience often coexists with potential risks.(然
而，这种便利往往与潜在的风险并存。)”指出网络带来便利的同时也存在风险，起到转折过渡作用，符合
语境。故选F。
2．此空为段首句；根据下文“However, simple ones create serious security risks. A secure password should
include at least 12 characters — mixing uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and symbols — while avoiding
personal information like birthdays. (然而，简单的密码会带来严重的安全风险。一个安全的密码应该包括至
少12 个字符——混合大小写字母、数字和符号——同时避免包含生日等个人信息。)”可知，本段围绕密码
展开，讲简单密码的风险以及如何设置密码；选项A“Passwords are a basic but critical defense. (密码是一种
基本但关键的防御手段。)”阐述密码的重要性，符合本段主旨，且衔接后文“然而简单密码会带来严重安
全风险”，构成转折句，逻辑通顺。故选A。
3．上文“Multi-factor authentication (MFA) provides an essential additional safeguard. (多因素认证提供了重要
的额外保护。)”指出多重身份验证提供额外的安全保障；下文“This might be a one-time code sent to your
phone, a fingerprint scan, or a security question. (这可能是发送到手机的一次性代码，指纹扫描或安全问
题。)”举例说明几种验证方式；D 选项“This extra step confirms identity in several ways.(这一额外步骤通过
多种方式验证身份。)”承上启下，进一步说明多重身份验证，选项中的“This extra step”对应前文的
“additional safeguard”，“several ways”对应后文的例子“one-time code sent to your phone, a fingerprint scan,
or a security question”，衔接自然。故选D。
4．上文“Always check the website legitimacy (合法性) before entering sensitive data — look for “https://” and a
padlock icon. Avoid clicking links in unexpected emails or downloading files from unknown sources. (在输入敏感
数据之前，一定要检查网站的合法性——查找“https://”和挂锁图标。避免点击意外邮件中的链接或从未知
来源下载文件。)”提醒要核实网站合法性，不要点击可疑链接、下载未知来源文件；G 选项“A careless
action can lead to malware infection or data loss.(一个不小心的操作可能导致恶意软件感染或数据丢失。)”承
接上文，指出点击可疑链接、下载未知来源文件等不小心操作会造成的危害与后果，解释了前文提醒的原
因，符合语境。故选G。
5．上文“Online safety ultimately depends on habits, not just technology. (网络安全最终取决于习惯，而不仅
仅是技术。)”以及下文“Keeping regular backups of important files on an external drive or cloud service can
protect you if your device is locked by malware. By combining smart tools with responsible behavior, you can surf
the digital waves with confidence rather than fear. (如果你的设备被恶意软件锁定，在外部驱动器或云服务上
定期备份重要文件可以保护你。通过将智能工具与负责任的行为相结合，您可以充满信心而不是恐惧地在
数字浪潮中冲浪。)”可知，确保网络安全最终取决于养成好的习惯，而非只靠技术；C 选项“What really
matters is what we do consistently. (真正重要的是我们一贯的做法)”进一步强调习惯的重要性，选项中的
“what we do consistently”呼应上文“habits”。故选C。
主题02 人与自我——生活与学习
Passage 1
（2026·陕西咸阳·二模）
Perhaps you’re in school now, or you remember the days when you were. There’s nothing like the excitement of
picking classes and building your schedule. Now, a new online trend called “personal curriculum” is bringing that
back-to-school feeling into everyday life this autumn.
1 It’s a magical way to create a lesson plan tailored to your own interests this autumn, from getting lost
in a book or journaling to learning a new skill like crochet, mindfulness, or baking. Activities can be as simple as
selecting podcasts, taking online courses, or assigning yourself small, interactive projects.
The best part about the trend is its flexibility. 2 All of them are based on your will and time. It’s a
grown-up version of playing school, but this time you have the freedom to curate (策划) everything.
So, why try the trend? During the autumn, some people experience the autumn slump, which is marked by a
drop in energy and motivation. 3 It can also allow you to take control over your well-being through making
your schedule and providing you with the opportunity to engage in mindful activities, improve your mood through
dopamine-boosting tasks, and build consistent habits through a structure that works best for you.
4 Focus on the topics you care about instead of what everyone else is doing. Set gentle, achievable
goals and remember that progress is the priority not being perfect. Schedule small time blocks in your day for activities
you’re excited about, whether it’s reading a book, knitting, or painting. 5 Self-compassion (自怜) can go
a long way.
A．Following a trend can bring various benefits.
B．The exciting trend involves building your own “semester”.
C．You choose your own subjects, create assignments and set goals.
D．When you try the trend, there is something you should bear in mind.
E．Get a much-needed boost of energy through your favorite activity this autumn.
F．Finally, be kind to yourself even if you’ve left a project unfinished or missed a day.
G．However, the trend can help through keeping your brain engaged and boosting motivation.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．G 4．D 5．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“个人课程”这一网络新潮流，它将重返校园的感觉带入到日常
生活中。
1．前文“Now, a new online trend called “personal curriculum” is bringing that back-to-school feeling into
everyday life this autumn.(现在，一种名为“个人课程”的新的在线趋势在今年秋天正将这种重返校园的感
觉带入的日常生活。)”引出新潮流“personal curriculum”，后文“It’s a magical way to create a lesson plan
tailored to your own interests this autumn, from getting lost in a book or journaling to learning a new skill like
crochet, mindfulness, or baking.(这是一种神奇的方式，可以在今年秋天根据自己的兴趣制定一个课程计划，
从沉迷于书本或日记到学习钩针编织、正念或烘焙等新技能。)”解释了这个新潮流，空处应承上启下，B
选项“这个让人兴奋的潮流就是打造你自己的“学期”。”承接上文引出概念，开启下文的具体解释。故
选B。
2．前文“The best part about the trend is its flexibility.(这一潮流最好的部分是它的灵活性。)”点明这个潮流
最大的优点是灵活性，C 选项“你可以自己选科目、布置任务、设定目标。”具体说明灵活性的体现，承
接后文“All of them are based on your will and time.(所有这些都取决于你的意愿和时间。)”。故选C。
3．前文“During the autumn, some people experience the autumn slump, which is marked by a drop in energy
and motivation.(在秋天，有些人会经历秋天的衰退，其特征是精力和动力下降。)”提到秋天很多人会出现
“秋乏”，精力和动力下降，后文“It can also allow you to take control over your well-being through making
your schedule and providing you with the opportunity to engage in mindful activities, improve your mood through
dopamine-boosting tasks, and build consistent habits through a structure that works best for you.(它还可以通过制
定时间表并为你提供参与正念活动的机会，让你控制自己的幸福感，通过提高多巴胺的任务来改善你的情
绪，并通过最适合你的结构来建立一致的习惯。)”讲述了它（这个潮流）还能带来其他好处，所以空处应
讲述这个潮流提供的好处，G 选项“但这个潮流可以通过保持大脑活跃、提升动力改善这个问题。”转折
引出这个潮流的作用，并引出后文其他好处。故选G。
4．空后“Focus on the topics you care about instead of what everyone else is doing. Set gentle, achievable goals
and remember that progress is the priority not being perfect. Schedule small time blocks in your day for activities
you’re excited about, whether it’s reading a book, knitting, or painting.(专注于你关心的话题，而不是其他人在
做什么。设定温和、可实现的目标，并记住进步是首要任务，而不是完美。在一天中为你感兴趣的活动安
排一小段时间，无论是读书、编织还是画画。)”介绍尝试这个潮流的具体注意事项，D 选项“尝试这个潮
流时，有一些要点你需要记住。”放在段首引出下文的注意事项，符合结构。故选D。
5．前文已经介绍了几条注意事项，空后“Self-compassion (自怜) can go a long way.(自我关怀会大有帮
助。)”提到要自我关怀，F 选项“最后，即便项目没完成、中断了一天也要善待你自己。”是最后一条注
意事项，且be kind to yourself 对应后文的Self-compassion。故选F。
Passage 2
（2026·陕西·二测）
Cultivating a daily reading habit is a wonderful way to expand your knowledge, reduce stress, and enhance
your vocabulary. However, many people struggle to stick with it, often saying they “don’t have time” or “can’t stay
focused.” The good news is that these challenges are easy to overcome. 1
Choose books that truly interest you. If you pick a book only because it’s popular but doesn't appeal to your
tastes, you’ll likely put it down quickly. 2 Whether it’s a mystery novel, a self-help book, or a collection of
essays, focusing on topics you love makes reading feel like a pleasure not a chore.
3 Instead of aiming to finish a book in a week — something that might feel overwhelming — start
with shorter targets. This doesn’t mean you have to spend hours reading every day. For example, commit to reading
10 pages each morning before breakfast or 15 minutes before bed. Meeting these small goals will build your
confidence and make you more likely to keep going.
Create a dedicated reading space. Having a specific spot for reading helps signal to your brain that it’s time to
focus. 4 It could be a comfortable chair by the window, a corner of your bedroom, or even a park bench on
nice days. Keep distractions like your phone out of reach to avoid interruptions.
Track your progress. Keeping a simple log of the books you’ve read or the pages you’ve finished each day can
motivate you to keep going. 5 You can also join a book club or share your progress with a friend — having
someone to check in with — adds accountability.
Remember, building a reading habit takes time and patience. Don’t get discouraged if you miss a day or two.
Just pick up where you left off, and soon reading will become a natural part of your daily life.
A．Manage your time wisely.
B．Set small, achievable goals.
C．The key is to find a quiet place where you feel relaxed.
D．If you’re unsure what you like, try sampling a few types first.
E．You can use a notebook or a reading app to record your journey.
F．With the right strategies, anyone can turn reading into a part of their routine.
G．Start with books that are shorter or have simpler language to build confidence.
【答案】1．F 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍培养日常阅读习惯的好处，以及针对没时间、难专注等问题给出的
具体可行方法，帮助人们把阅读变成日常生活的一部分。
1．根据上文“However, many people struggle to stick with it, often saying they “don’t have time” or “can’t stay
focused.” The good news is that these challenges are easy to overcome.(然而，很多人难以坚持，常说自己“没
时间”或“无法集中注意力”。好消息是这些问题很容易克服。)”可知，前文提出阅读困难并说明可以解
决，空处需要引出下文的解决办法。F 选项(有了正确的方法，任何人都可以把阅读变成日常生活的一部
分)承接上文的问题，总起下文给出的具体策略，符合语境。故选F 项。
2．根据上文“Choose books that truly interest you. If you pick a book only because it's popular but doesn't appeal
to your tastes, you’ll likely put it down quickly.(选择你真正感兴趣的书。如果你只因为一本书流行而选择它，
但它并不符合你的口味，你可能很快就会放下。)”可知，此段强调选自己感兴趣的书，空处需要补充不知
道自己喜欢什么时该怎么做。D 选项(如果你不确定自己喜欢什么，可以先尝试几种类型)承接上文的选书
建议，给出具体做法，符合语境。故选D 项。
3．根据下文“Instead of aiming to finish a book in a week — something that might feel overwhelming — start
with shorter targets.(与其设定一周读完一本书的目标——这可能会让人有压力——不如从更小的目标开
始。)”可知，此段核心是设定小目标。B 选项(设定小的、可实现的目标)概括本段主旨，并与下文“shorter
targets” “small goals”相呼应，符合语境。故选B 项。
4．根据上文“Create a dedicated reading space. Having a specific spot for reading helps signal to your brain that
it’s time to focus.(打造一个专门的阅读空间。有一个专门阅读的地方有助于向大脑发出该集中注意力的信
号。)”可知，此段讲阅读空间，空处需要进一步说明空间的要求。C 选项(关键是找一个安静、让你感到放
松的地方)承接上文的阅读空间话题，具体说明空间特点，符合语境。故选C 项。
5．根据上文“Track your progress. Keeping a simple log of the books you’ve read or the pages you’ve finished
each day can motivate you to keep going.(记录你的进度。简单记录你读过的书或每天读完的页数可以激励你
坚持下去。)”可知，此段讲记录阅读进度，空处需要说明用什么记录。E 选项(你可以用笔记本或阅读应用
来记录你的过程)承接上文的记录建议，给出具体工具，符合语境。故选E 项。
Passage 3
（2026·海南琼海·二模）
You’ll only get the good results from your exercise if you rest well and eat healthy food. The health industry
wants to sell you many products to help with this, like fitness tools and nutrition pills. 1
Rest is the most important thing for recovering from exercise and daily life, and sleep is the key to rest. 2
Studies show that people who sleep and get up at the same time every day sleep better and feel more energetic. This
is because your bodies work on a 24-hour cycle. If this cycle is broken, you may get sick more easily or feel bad
mentally.
Most experts advise you not to eat processed and overly-packaged prepared foods, which often makes eating
feel like a chore. 3 So stop eating these foods. Instead, eat more vegetables, grains, meat, fish or plant-
based proteins that you like and that are fresh.
4 Researchers compared two diets: one with processed foods (factory-made, ready-to-eat food)
and one with natural whole foods. The two diets had the same nutrients, but people who ate processed foods for two
weeks gained weight. A better way is to eat natural, unprocessed foods to feel full and satisfied. The study found
people thought both foods tasted good, but still ate more processed foods without realizing it.
The good news is that natural whole foods can taste really good if you cook them simply. Zachary Knight, a
professor who studies hunger, says, “Arrange your life so you don’t have to always see processed food and try hard
to say no to them.” 5 That way, natural whole foods will become easy snacks.
A．However, it’s best to start with some basics.
B．Have more processed foods when you are sleepy.
C．And a foundation for better rest is, simply, routine.
D．One landmark study provides some insight as to why.
E．Whole foods diet is not so reasonable in some studies.
F．Besides, prepared foods may disturb your sense of hunger.
G．That means we had better have healthier foods close at hand.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．F 4．D 5．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了健身恢复中睡眠和饮食的重要性，强调了规律作息和健康饮
食的好处。
1．根据上文“You’ll only get the good results from your exercise if you rest well and eat healthy food. The health
industry wants to sell you many products to help with this, like fitness tools and nutrition pills.(只有充分休息并摄
入健康食物，你的锻炼才能取得良好的效果。健康行业为了满足这一需求，推出了许多产品，比如健身器
材和营养补剂)”可知，上文提及健身需休息和健康饮食，健康行业借此售卖健身工具、营养补剂等产品；
下文转而介绍休息、饮食相关的基础方法。选项A“但是，最好先从一些基础知识开始学习”以 However
表转折，“最好从一些基础的方法做起”承接上文，自然引出下文的核心内容，实现话题的合理过渡。故
选A。
2．根据后文“Studies show that people who sleep and get up at the same time every day sleep better and feel
more energetic. This is because your bodies work on a 24-hour cycle. If this cycle is broken, you may get sick more
easily or feel bad mentally.(研究表明，每天固定时间睡觉和起床的人睡眠质量更好，精力也更充沛。这是因
为人体遵循着24 小时的生理周期运作。如果这个周期被打乱，你可能会更容易生病，或者精神状态也会
不佳)”可知，下文核心内容为“每天按时睡觉、起床的人睡眠质量更好、更有活力”，围绕“规律作息”
展开；选项C“要获得更好的休息，其基础就在于规律作息”中的“routine (规律作息) ”与下文“sleep and
get up at the same time every day”呼应，点明优质休息的核心是规律作息，总起下文内容。故选C。
3．根据后文“So stop eating these foods. Instead, eat more vegetables, grains, meat, fish or plant-based proteins
that you like and that are fresh.(所以，请停止食用这些食物。取而代之的是，多吃一些你喜欢的、新鲜的蔬
菜、谷物、肉类、鱼类或植物性蛋白质食品)”可知，下文出现指代词“these foods”，且提出“停止食用这
类食物”的建议；选项F“此外，加工食品可能会扰乱你的饥饿感”中的“prepared foods (预制食品) ”明确
了“these foods”的指代对象，同时解释了预制食品会扰乱饥饿感的弊端，为下文“停止食用”提供原因，
因果逻辑通顺。故选F。
4．根据后文“Researchers compared two diets: one with processed foods (factory-made, ready-to-eat food) and
one with natural whole foods. The two diets had the same nutrients, but people who ate processed foods for two
weeks gained weight. A better way is to eat natural, unprocessed foods to feel full and satisfied. The study found
people thought both foods tasted good, but still ate more processed foods without realizing it.(研究人员对两种饮
食进行了比较：一种是含有加工食品（工厂生产的、现成可食用的食品）的饮食，另一种是含有天然完整
食物的饮食。这两种饮食所含的营养成分相同，但食用加工食品两周后，体重有所增加。更好的做法是食
用天然、未经加工的食物，这样能让人感到饱足和满足。研究发现，人们都认为这两种食物味道都很好，
但还是不知不觉地多吃了加工食品)”可知，下文详细介绍了对比加工食品和全食物饮食的具体研究；选项
D“一项具有里程碑意义的研究为我们揭示了其中的原因”中的“One landmark study”直接引出下文的研究
内容，“why”指代上文“为何要少吃加工食品、多吃全食物食品”的问题，起到承上启下的作用。故选
D。
5．根据上文“The good news is that natural whole foods can taste really good if you cook them simply. Zachary
Knight, a professor who studies hunger, says, “Arrange your life so you don’t have to always see processed food
and try hard to say no to them.”(好消息是，如果简单地烹饪天然的全食物，它们的味道会非常美味。研究饥
饿问题的教授扎卡里·奈特说：“调整你的生活方式，让自己不必总是看到加工食品，并努力拒绝它
们。”)”以及后文“That way, natural whole foods will become easy snacks.(这样一来，天然的全食物就会成
为方便的小吃)”可知，上文是教授提出的“合理安排生活，避免接触并抗拒加工食品”的抽象建议，下文
提及“天然全食物能成为便捷的零食”；选项G“这意味着我们最好将更健康的食物放在随手可得的地方”
中的“That”指代上文教授的建议，“随手备好健康的食物”将抽象建议转化为具体可操作的方法，且与下
文“天然食物成便捷零食”形成内容呼应。故选G。
主题03 人与社会——文学，艺术与体育
Passage 1
（2026·新疆·二模）
Are Metrics (指标) the Best Ways to Measure Your Fitness?
We count steps, track miles, and close our rings. Fitness metrics are everywhere, from online videos to wearable
devices. Our devices constantly remind us if we miss our daily goals. Are these numbers really telling the whole
story? 1 Merely being able to do 20 pull-ups or run a 10-minute mile does not definitively indicate good
fitness.
Pull-ups can be a great indicator of an overall healthy balance of muscle tissue to body fat. To build muscle
tissue, men are expected to do 10 pull-ups in a row and women to aim for 4. While the number of pull-ups one can
do is often seen as a gold standard of upper-body power, some argue it favors specific technique. 2
The mile run, a common military fitness test, is a good, basic measure for somebody’s aerobic ( 有氧的)
capacity. 3 A 100-meter dash is too short to test aerobic capacity, and a marathon is a measure of endurance.
Most people can run a mile in 7 to 10 minutes, which is a good range for VO₂ max. A higher VO₂ max corresponds
to greater aerobic athletic potential and a reduced risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) issues such as heart disease or
stroke. That said, as a single metric, the mile run cannot capture the full scope of health.
Experts agree that fitness metrics can be motivating. 4 This includes maintaining consistent
movement, balancing aerobic and strength training, and staying mobile enough for daily activities.
5 The World Health Organization recommends at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity
each week, plus two strength-training sessions to help preserve endurance, muscle mass, and bone density.
A．The mile is also the ideal distance for such a test.
B．So how often should you train to maintain or improve these goals?
C．Therefore, many people now set even higher targets to push themselves further.
D．Actually, these measurable targets may not fully capture what true fitness means.
E．This suggests it is actually a skill-based assessment rather than a measure of fitness.
F．To ensure continuous improvement, consistently exceeding minimum standards is key.
G．However, they emphasize that long-term health depends more on progress than on perfection.
【答案】1．D 2．E 3．A 4．G 5．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。健身指标虽能激发动力，但未必全面反映健康状况，专家强调长期健康更重持
续进步，而非追求完美指标。
1．上文提到“Are these numbers really telling the whole story?(这些数字真的能说明全部情况吗？)”以及下文
“Merely being able to do 20 pull-ups or run a 10-minute mile does not definitively indicate good fitness(仅仅能
够做20 个引体向上或跑一英里用10 分钟并不能明确表明良好的健身水平)”可知，前一句问这些数字是否
能说明全部，后一句说只做引体向上或跑一英里不能代表健康，故推测本句进一步说明数字不能代表全部
体能。故选项D“实际上，这些可衡量的目标或许并不能完全体现真正的“健身”含义”符合语境。故选
D。
2．上文提到“While the number of pull-ups one can do is often seen as a gold standard of upper-body power,
some argue it favors specific technique(虽然一个人能做多少个引体向上通常被视为上半身力量的黄金标准，
但有些人认为这更偏向于特定的技巧)”可知，上文提到引体向上被看作上肢力量黄金标准，但有人认为它
偏向特定技巧，即“引体向上更像技巧，不是纯体能”，本句直接解释“technique”的结果。故选项E“这
表明它实际上是一种基于技能的评估，而不是对健身水平的衡量”符合语境。故选E。
3．上文提到“The mile run, a common military fitness test, is a good, basic measure for somebody’s aerobic
capacity(一英里跑是一项常见的军事体能测试，是衡量一个人有氧能力的一个很好的基本指标)”，下文又
提到“A 100-meter dash is too short to test aerobic capacity, and a marathon is a measure of endurance(100 米冲
刺太短，无法测试有氧能力，而马拉松则是耐力的衡量标准)”可知，上文提到一英里跑是很好的有氧能力
测试，后文则说100 米冲刺太短，故本句是在说明测试的理想距离，故选项A“一英里也是进行这种测试的
理想距离”符合语境。故选A。
4．上文提到“Experts agree that fitness metrics can be motivating(专家们一致认为，健身指标可以激发动力)”
以及下文“This includes maintaining consistent movement, balancing aerobic and strength training, and staying
mobile enough for daily activities (这包括保持持续的运动，平衡有氧运动和力量训练，以及保持足够的活动
能力以进行日常活动)”可知，本句进一步说明专家们对于长期健康的意见，G 选项中They 指代上文
Experts。故选项G“然而，他们强调，长期的健康状况更多地取决于进步而非完美”符合语境。故选G。
5．下文提到“The World Health Organization recommends at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity each
week, plus two strength-training sessions to help preserve endurance, muscle mass, and bone density(世界卫生组
织建议每周至少进行150 分钟的中等强度有氧运动，再加上两次力量训练，以帮助保持耐力、肌肉质量和
骨密度)”可知，上文提到“每周至少进行150 分钟的中等强度有氧运动，再加上两次力量训练”，推测本
句是在说明锻炼的频率问题，故选项B“那么，为了达到这些目标并使其得以维持或有所提升，你应该多久
进行一次训练呢？”符合语境。故选B。
Passage 2
（2026·四川乐山·二调）
Sports Help Build a Healthier and Longer Life
Building new skills and challenging your brain are generally good for healthy aging. 1 When you
decide to get moving, keep these tips for a long life in mind.
Make it social. For decades, social interaction has been tied to better health and a longer life. Find ways to be
active with other people, like joining a run club, signing up for a group fitness class or trying a new sport through
your local recreation center or park’s department. 2
Keep challenging yourself. Sports are mentally challenging too because they’re dynamic and goal-driven. But
you can bring that mindset to any form of exercise. First, add some senses of freshness: a new route, a different gym
routine or an unusual playing environment. Second, set clear, short-term goals that push you forward. 3
4 Common exercises like running and cycling are great ways to stay active, said Steven Moore, a
metabolic epidemiologist at the National Cancer Institute. But pair them with upper-body work, including resistance
training, so that you’re getting a full-body workout and building muscle.
Aim for consistency. The benefits of exercise only stick if you keep doing it as you get older, said Dr. I-Min
Lee, an epidemiologist at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health. While tennis is sometimes called a “lifetime
sport,” you don’t need to stick with one activity forever. 5 Ultimately, any and all physical activity
improves long life. “Find something that works for you,” Dr. Lee said. “The bottom line is to move more.”
A．Exercise your whole body.
B．Try some stronger exercise.
C．So it’s worth finding a sport you enjoy.
D．This social element also helps with motivation and sense of responsibility.
E．It’s proved that brain training like reading or chess slows down aging effectively.
F．For example, you may gradually increase your walking time or add up the weight you lift.
G．Mixing things up keeps exercise fresh and easier to sustain, especially as your body changes.
【答案】1．E 2．D 3．F 4．A 5．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了运动助力健康长寿的四条实用建议：增加社交属性、不断挑战自
我、进行全身锻炼、保持运动连贯性。
1．上文“Building new skills and challenging your brain are generally good for healthy aging.(培养新技能并挑
战大脑通常对健康老龄化有益。)”总起指出“培养新技能、挑战大脑有益健康老龄化”，下文“When you
decide to get moving, keep these tips for a long life in mind.(当你决定开始运动时，请牢记这些有助于长寿的
小贴士。)”自然过渡到“运动”这一具体方式。E 选项“It’s proved that brain training like reading or chess
slows down aging effectively.(实验证明，像阅读或国际象棋这样的大脑训练能够有效延缓衰老。)”举例证明
大脑训练（阅读、下棋）确实能延缓衰老，完美承接前文的核心观点，为后文引出运动的好处做了铺垫。
故选E 项。
2．本段主旨是“Make it social.(让运动更具社交性。)”，前文“Find ways to be active with other people, like
joining a run club, signing up for a group fitness class or trying a new sport through your local recreation center or
park’s department.(寻找与他人一起活动的方式，比如加入跑步俱乐部、报名参加团体健身课程或者通过当
地娱乐中心或公园部门尝试一项新的运动。)”列举了加入跑步俱乐部、参加团体课等具体方式。D 选项
“This social element also helps with motivation and sense of responsibility.(这种社交元素也有助于激发动力和
责任感。)”中的This social element“这种社交元素”精准指代前文内容，进一步说明社交对运动动力和责任
感的促进作用，是对本段主旨的自然延伸。故选D 项。
3．本段主旨是“Keep challenging yourself.(不断挑战自我。)”，前文“Second, set clear, short-term goals that
push you forward.(其次，设定清晰、短期的目标，推动你前进。)”提出了“设定清晰的短期目标”这一具
体方法。F 选项“For example, you may gradually increase your walking time or add up the weight you lift.(例
如，你可以逐渐增加步行时间或者增加所举重物的重量。)”用“逐步增加步行时间、增加举重重量”的例
子，直观地解释了如何设定并实现短期目标，与前文逻辑紧密衔接。故选F 项。
4．空格是本段的小标题，需要概括全段核心内容。后文“Common exercises like running and cycling are
great ways to stay active, said Steven Moore, a metabolic epidemiologist at the National Cancer Institute. But pair
them with upper-body work, including resistance training, so that you’re getting a full-body workout and building
muscle.(像跑步和骑自行车这样的常见运动是保持活跃的绝佳方式，美国国家癌症研究所的代谢流行病学
家史蒂文·摩尔说道。但将它们与上半身锻炼相结合，包括阻力训练，这样你就能进行全身锻炼并增强肌
肉。)”明确指出“跑步、骑车等运动很好，但要搭配上肢训练和抗阻训练，实现全身锻炼”。A 选项
“Exercise your whole body.(锻炼你的全身。)”精准概括了本段主旨。故选A 项。
5．本段主旨是“Aim for consistency.(保持连贯性)。”，前文“While tennis is sometimes called a “lifetime
sport,” you don’t need to stick with one activity forever.(虽然网球有时被称为“终身运动”，但你并不需要永
远只从事这一项运动。)”提到“不必永远只坚持一种运动”。G 选项“Mixing things up keeps exercise fresh
and easier to sustain, especially as your body changes.(变换运动方式能让锻炼保持新鲜感，也更容易坚持下
去，尤其是在你的身体发生变化的情况下。)”中的Mixing things up“多样化运动”正好对应前文的“don’t
need to stick with one activity forever”，并解释了多样化运动的好处 —— 保持新鲜感、更容易长期坚持，
逻辑完全通顺。故选G 项。
主题04 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通
Passage 1
（2026·贵州·二模）
Giving and receiving positive feedback
Your manager called you and said she would want to discuss your performance in recent projects. 1
. On Monday morning, when you walked into her office, she first praised your excellent work, and you immediately
got ready — is this a common setting for the frightening “feedback sandwich”? You are very familiar with this pattern:
starting with praise, offering genuine criticism, and ending with more praise.
2 . However, when feedback follows this predictable formula, employees begin to see praise as a
filler for criticism, depriving it of its true meaning. Positive feedback is better than being downgraded to a buffer
(缓冲) responsibility. It should be used independently as a tool for motivation. Below are three tips to help you make
positive feedback count.
● Separate positive from negative feedback
When praise always comes before criticism, it loses its power.
3
. Let it be offered without a
shadow — no comparison, no subtle correction. Just the simple, honest act of appreciation.
●
4
Psychologist Carol Dweck emphasized our brain’s adaptability and our capacity to develop new abilities.
Rather than praising fixed traits like “you have a natural eye for detail,” focus on the process — celebrating effort,
creative approaches, and problem-solving persistence.
● Create a culture of offering positive feedback
Integrate positive feedback into daily interactions, not just formal reviews. Offer casual appreciation during
hallway conversations or coffee breaks. Encourage team members to recognize each other’s contributions.
5
.
Transforming a workplace skeptical of positive feedback takes patience, but the rewards extend beyond
improved performance to a genuinely enriched professional life.
A．Praise a creative mindset
B．Develop a growth mindset
C．She began criticizing without hesitation
D．Ensure that praise sometimes exists independently
E．Such habits create an environment where praise flows in all directions
F．You spend the entire weekend anxious and question what you did wrong
G．Many managers use this technique, wrapping negative feedback between two positives
【答案】1．F 2．G 3．D 4．B 5．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章以“反馈三明治”现象引入，指出积极反馈不应沦为批评的缓冲，并给出
三条建议：正负反馈分离、培养成长型思维、营造积极反馈文化，以提升职场激励效果。
1．上文“Your manager called you and said she would want to discuss your performance in recent projects.( 你
的经理打电话给你，说她想和你谈谈你近期项目的表现。)”提到经理打电话说要和你谈近期项目表现。下
文“On Monday morning, when you walked into her office…(周一早上，当你走进她的办公室时…)”提到周一
早上走进办公室。可推知，接到这种通知，人会先焦虑、担心自己出错，度过不安的周末。F 选项“You
spend the entire weekend anxious and question what you did wrong.(你整个周末都很焦虑，怀疑自己是不是哪
里做错了。)”符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选F 项。
2．上文“You are very familiar with this pattern: starting with praise, offering genuine criticism, and ending with
more praise.( 你对这种模式非常熟悉：先以赞扬开始，接着给出真诚的批评，最后再以更多的赞扬结
束。)”介绍了“表扬 —批评— 表扬”的反馈三明治模式。下文“However, when feedback follows this
predictable formula, employees begin to see praise as a filler for criticism, depriving it of its true meaning.( 然
而，如果反馈遵循这种可预测的模式，员工就会将赞扬视为批评的填充物，从而剥夺了其真正的意
义。)”However 转折，说这种固定模式会让赞美失去意义。G 选项“Many managers use this technique,
wrapping negative feedback between two positives.(许多管理者使用这种技巧，把负面反馈夹在两段正面评价
之间。)”先说明很多管理者都在使用这种方法，再转折讲问题。this technique 指代前面的 feedback
sandwich，指代清晰，衔接紧密。故选G 项。
3．段落主旨“Separate positive from negative feedback(区分积极反馈和消极反馈)”把正面反馈和负面反馈分
开。上文“When praise always comes before criticism, it loses its power. (当赞扬总是先于批评出现时，它就
会失去效力。)”提到赞美总是放在批评前面就会失去力量。下文“Let it be offered without a shadow — no
comparison, no subtle correction.( 让它自然地呈现出来——不要比较，不要微妙的纠正。)”提到让赞美不带
阴影、没有对比、没有修正，只是真诚欣赏。D 选项“Ensure that praise sometimes exists independently.(要
确保赞美有时可以独立存在。)”可知，起到上下文的承上启下作用，independently 对应段落主题
separate，完美呼应。故选D 项。
4．下文“Rather than praising fixed traits like “you have a natural eye for detail,” focus on the process —
celebrating effort, creative approaches, and problem-solving persistence.( 与其称赞诸如“你天生就善于关注细
节”这类固定特质，不如关注过程——赞美努力、创新的方法以及解决问题的毅力。)”本段讲“如何正确
给出积极反馈”，重点是赞美思维与过程。B 选项“Develop a growth mindset(培养成长型思维)”为总结该
段内容，适合作为该段小标题。故选B 项。
5．段落主旨“Create a culture of offering positive feedback(营造积极反馈的文化。)”上文“Integrate positive
feedback into daily interactions, not just formal reviews. Offer casual appreciation during hallway conversations or
coffee breaks. Encourage team members to recognize each other’s contributions.( 将积极反馈融入日常交流中，
而不仅仅是形式上的评估。在走廊交谈或咖啡休息时间里给予随意的赞赏。鼓励团队成员相互认可彼此的
贡献。)”提到把赞美融入日常交流、走廊闲聊、鼓励同事互相认可。E 选项“Such habits create an
environment where praise flows in all directions.(这些习惯会营造出赞美四处流动的环境。)”可知，Such habits
指代前面的日常赞美行为，总结自然。故选E 项。
Passage 2
（2026·重庆名校联考·二模）
My volunteer journey began during a summer break when I joined a local organization supporting
underprivileged (贫苦的) children. Initially, I viewed it as a way to spend my free time contributing to a good
cause. 1
At first, I was shocked by the challenges these children faced — poverty, lack of education, and emotional
pain. 2 However, as I spent more time with them, I started to understand their resilience ( 适应力) and
strength, which inspired me to give my best effort. That marked the beginning of a deep and lasting connection.
3 One such instance occurred when I was helping a young girl, Maria, with her challenging subject math.
After weeks of working together, I saw a breakthrough as I taught a difficult concept. The joy in her eyes was
indescribable. It was then that I realized the power of patience and support. 4 I was responsible for
coordinating (协调) a group of volunteers, which taught me leadership and teamwork skills. Those moments shaped
my approach to volunteering and motivated me to seek more opportunities to serve.
The volunteer experience did more than provide valuable skills — it shifted my priorities and life goals. Before
that, I had been focused on academic success and individual achievements. 5 I developed a passion for
social work and community service, and I now try to integrate these into my future career.
A．In spite of my intentions, I felt unprepared to help truly.
B．Facing unexpected challenges helped me become more appreciative.
C．Another memorable moment was during a community event we organized.
D．Several critical moments made my volunteer experience truly life-changing.
E．However, the experience taught me there is more to life than those things.
F．Little did I know the experience would greatly transform my outlook on life.
G．The stories demonstrated the influence volunteering can have on individual growth.
【答案】1．F 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．E
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者暑假参加帮助贫困儿童的志愿活动，起初只是想做公益，后来
深受触动，收获了成长与能力，也改变了人生观，决心未来投身社会服务。
1．前文“Initially, I viewed it as a way to spend my free time contributing to a good cause.( 起初，我认为这只
是一个利用空闲时间参与有益事业的方式。)”提到作者最初把志愿活动当作打发空闲时间、做公益的方式
（心态较随意）。后文“At first, I was shocked by the challenges these children faced — poverty, lack of
education, and emotional pain.( 起初，我被这些孩子所面临的挑战震惊了——贫困、缺乏教育以及情感上的
痛苦。)”讲述志愿过程中看到孩子的困境、收获成长，体现经历带来的巨大改变。F 选项“Little did I know
the experience would greatly transform my outlook on life.( 我当时一点也不知道，这段经历会极大地改变我
的人生观。)”承上启下，引出后文的转变，完美匹配。故选F 项。
2．前文“At first, I was shocked by the challenges these children faced — poverty, lack of education, and
emotional pain.( 起初，我被这些孩子所面临的挑战震惊了——贫困、缺乏教育以及情感上的痛苦。)”提到
作者被孩子面临的贫困、缺教育等困境震惊。后文“However, as I spent more time with them, Istarted to
understand their resilience(适应力) and strength, which inspired me to give my best effort. That marked the
beginning of a deep and lasting connection.( 然而，随着我与他们相处的时间增多，我开始理解他们的坚韧和
力量，这激励我全力以赴。这标志着一段深厚且持久的联系的开始。)”提到后来理解了孩子的韧性，开始
全力以赴。A 选项“In spite of my intentions,I felt unprepared to help truly.( 尽管我有这个意愿，但我感觉自
己真的没准备好去帮助他们。)”体现最初的手足无措，与后文的“全力以赴”形成转折，符合语境。故选
A 项。
3．后文“One such instance occurred when I was helping a young girl, Maria, with her challenging subject math.
After weeks of working together, I saw a breakthrough as Itaught a difficult concept.( 有一个这样的例子，当时
我正在帮助一个名叫玛丽亚的年轻女孩学习她困难的科目——数学。经过数周的共同努力，我看到她掌握
了一个复杂的概念。她眼中的喜悦难以言表。)”具体讲述帮助女孩 Maria 学数学的难忘瞬间，体现志愿经
历的意义。D 选项 “Several critical moments made my volunteer experience truly life-changing.( 几个关键的
瞬间让我的志愿者经历真正改变了我的人生。)”总起下文，引出具体的 “关键瞬间”，衔接自然。故选D
项。
4．前文“One such instance occurred when I was helping a young girl, Maria, with her challenging subject math.(
有一个这样的例子，当时我正在帮助一个名叫玛丽亚的年轻女孩学习她困难的科目——数学。)”讲了帮助
Maria 的一个事例，后文“I was responsible for coordinating (协调)a group of volunteers, which taught me
leadership and teamwork skills. Those moments shaped my approach to volunteering and motivated me to seek
more opportunities to serve.( 我负责协调一组志愿者，这让我学会了领导和团队合作的技能。那些时刻塑造
了我参与志愿服务的方式，并激励我寻求更多的服务机会。)”讲自己协调志愿者、收获领导力的另一个事
例。C 选项“Another memorable moment was during a community event we organized.( 另一个难忘的瞬间是
在我们组织的一次社区活动中。)”引出下一个具体事例，符合逻辑。故选C 项。
5．前文“Before that, I had been focused on academic success and individual achievements.( 在此之前，我一直
专注于学业成绩和个人成就。)”指出作者之前只关注学业成功和个人成就。后文“I developed a passion for
social work and community service, and I now try to integrate these into my future career.( 现在我对社会工作和
社区服务产生了浓厚的兴趣，并且正努力将这些融入到我未来的职业生涯中。)”提到作者培养了对社会工
作的热情，改变了未来职业方向。E 选项“However, the experience taught me there is more to life than those
things.(然而，这段经历教会我，生活中还有比那些更重要的东西。)”转折前文的个人导向，引出后文的观
念转变，贴合主旨。故选E 项。
Passage 3
（2026·辽宁名校联盟·二模）
How to Start a Conversation with a Stranger
Striking up a conversation with someone you don’t know can feel frightening. Whether it’s at a party, on a
train, or in a coffee shop, the fear of rejection or awkwardness often holds us back.
However, connecting with new people is one of life’s great pleasures. Here are some simple strategies to make
it easier.
Start with an observation. The easiest way to break the ice is to comment on your shared environment. It’s
low-pressure and doesn’t require any personal information. 1 For instance, if you’re at a bookshop, you
might say, “That author is amazing. Have you read any other books of his?”
Use open-ended questions. Once you’ve broken the ice, keep the conversation flowing. Avoid questions that
can be answered with a simple “yes” or “no.” 2 This encourages the other person to share a bit more and
gives you material to work with. For example, instead of “Do you like this music?”, ask “What do you think of the
band?”
Practice active listening. People love to feel heard. Instead of thinking about what you’re going to say next
while the other person is talking, really focus on their words. 3 It shows you’re engaged and encourages
them to elaborate. A simple “That’s really interesting, tell me more” can work wonders.
Find common ground. As the conversation develops, listen for shared interests or experiences. Discovering a
mutual connection can instantly make a conversation more enjoyable and meaningful. 4 It could be a shared
love for hiking, a dislike for a certain food, or knowing the same place.
5 Not every attempt will lead to a deep friendship, and that’s perfectly fine. If a conversation feels
forced or fizzles out (逐渐消失), don’t take it personally. Simply smile, excuse yourself politely, and move on. Every
conversation is practice for the next one.
A．Show your interest through nods and brief comments.
B．This turns a casual chat into a more engaging interaction.
C．It helps to have a few interesting stories prepared in advance.
D．Accept that some conversations will naturally come to an end.
E．Instead, ask questions that begin with “how,” “why,” or “what.”
F．It’s important to always try to keep the conversation light and humorous.
G．This could be about the weather, the music playing, or the event you’re both at.
【答案】1．G 2．E 3．A 4．B 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍与陌生人开启对话的方法，给出观察环境、用开放式问题等简单策
略，帮助人们轻松与陌生人交流。
1．根据上文“Start with an observation. The easiest way to break the ice is to comment on your shared
environment. It’s low-pressure and doesn’t require any personal information.(从观察开始。打破僵局最简单的方
法是评论你们共同的环境。这压力很小，而且不需要任何个人信息)”以及下文“For instance, if you’re at a
bookshop, you might say, “That author is amazing. Have you read any other books of his?”(例如，如果你在书
店，你可能会说：“那位作者太棒了。你读过他的其他书吗？”)”可知，此处应具体说明可评论的共同环
境有哪些，G 选项“This could be about the weather, the music playing, or the event you’re both at.(这可能是关
于天气、正在播放的音乐，或者你们都在参加的活动)”中的This 指代上文的shared environment，且列举的
内容与下文书店的例子呼应，符合语境。故选G 项。
2．根据上文“Avoid questions that can be answered with a simple “yes” or “no.”(避免用简单的“是”或
“否”就能回答的问题)”以及下文“This encourages the other person to share a bit more and gives you material
to work with.(这会鼓励对方多分享一些，也会给你提供可继续交流的素材)”可知，此处应说明该用什么样
的问题代替“是/否”类问题，E 选项“Instead, ask questions that begin with “how,” “why,” or “what.”(相反，
提出以“如何”、“为什么”或“什么”开头的问题)”既承接上文的“避免简单问题”，又引出下文“鼓
励对方分享”的效果，符合语境。故选E 项。
3．根据上文“Practice active listening. People love to feel heard. Instead of thinking about what you’re going to
say next while the other person is talking, really focus on their words.(练习积极倾听。人们喜欢被倾听的感觉。
当对方说话时，不要想着你接下来要说什么，而是真正专注于他们的话语)”以及下文“It shows you’re
engaged and encourages them to elaborate.(这表明你很投入，并鼓励他们详细说明)”可知，此处应说明积极倾
听的具体做法，A 选项“Show your interest through nods and brief comments.(通过点头和简短的评论来表达
你的兴趣)”是积极倾听的具体表现，且shows you’re engaged 与下文呼应，符合语境。故选A 项。
4．根据上文“Find common ground. As the conversation develops, listen for shared interests or experiences.
Discovering a mutual connection can instantly make a conversation more enjoyable and meaningful.(寻找共同
点。随着对话的展开，倾听彼此共同的兴趣或经历。发现彼此的共同联系能立即让对话变得更愉快、更有
意义)”以及下文“It could be a shared love for hiking, a dislike for a certain food, or knowing the same place.(可
能是对徒步旅行的共同热爱，对某种食物的共同厌恶，或者认识同一个地方)”可知，此处应说明找到共同
点后的作用，B 选项“This turns a casual chat into a more engaging interaction.(这将一次随意的聊天变成更有
吸引力的互动)”中的This 指代上文“发现共同联系”，且衔接下文共同联系的具体例子，符合语境。故选
B 项。
5．根据下文“Not every attempt will lead to a deep friendship, and that’s perfectly fine. If a conversation feels
forced or fizzles out (逐渐消失), don’t take it personally. Simply smile, excuse yourself politely, and move on.(并
非每一次尝试都会带来深厚的友谊，这完全没关系。如果一段对话感觉很勉强或逐渐消失，不要往心里
去。只需微笑，礼貌地告辞，然后继续前进)”可知，本段主要讲要接受有些对话会自然结束，D 选项
“Accept that some conversations will naturally come to an end.(接受有些对话会自然结束的事实)”是本段的主
旨句，统领下文内容，符合语境。故选D 项。
主题01 人与自我——做人与做事
Passage 1
（2026·山西临汾·二模）
It’s common for us to feel worn out nowadays, yet we keep striving to build balance back into our lives.
1 Neuroscientists say spending time near water can provide a range of benefits including reducing anxiety,
easing mental fatigue and refreshing us.
2 In that state we become fully immersed in what we’re doing, thus calming the mind. Bodies of
water also can produce a glorious sense of awe, and it can decrease stress and help us put things into perspective.
Most importantly, water is dynamic. It moves rhythmically, producing a play of light, color and sound that is
fascinating, which holds our attention and gives our brains a break. 3
● You likely have some close by, even if it is just a creek alongside the road. Start there. Then branch out to
urban water like rivers, canals, fountains on the weekend or a holiday. It has healing power. 4 For example,
water in pools, bathtubs, and even sprinklers (喷水装置) keeps your spirits up. If you can’t get to actual water,
paintings, photographs and videos can still provide similar benefits.
● Try a water sport and get good at it. This brings a flow state — time and worries fade away as you fully
engage. Being proficient can change your brain: it forms faster neural pathways, which makes it easier to enter a state
of flow again.
● You can spend time on the water anywhere, anytime in your mind.
5
And when the water you
imagine is water you have enjoyed in real life, the positive effect will be even stronger.
A．Maybe water can help.
B．So does domestic water.
C．Computer-generated water scenes boosted participants’ moods.
D．Spending a similar amount of time in water has the same benefits.
E．Here’s some advice on how to tap into the healing power of water.
F．Doing water activities like swimming or surfing helps us enter a “flow state”.
G．Visualize the sun sparkling on its surface or waves hitting against the shore.
【答案】1．A 2．F 3．E 4．B 5．G
【导语】主要讲述现代人普遍身心疲惫，介绍水域治愈身心的原理，并给出多种利用水缓解压力的实用方
法。
1．根据前文“It’s common for us to feel worn out nowadays, yet we keep striving to build balance back into our
lives.(如今我们常常感到疲惫不堪，却依旧努力找回生活的平衡。)”以及后文“Neuroscientists say spending
time near water can provide a range of benefits including reducing anxiety, easing mental fatigue and refreshing us.
(神经科学家表示，待在水边益处众多，能够缓解焦虑、减轻精神疲惫、使人恢复活力。)”可知，上文提出
人们身心疲惫的困境，下文介绍靠近水的各类好处。A 选项“Maybe water can help.(或许水可以提供帮
助。)”承接上文生活疲惫的现状，引出下文关于水的治愈作用，起到承上启下的过渡作用，符合语境。
2．根据后文“In that state we become fully immersed in what we’re doing, thus calming the mind.(在这种状态
下，我们会全身心投入正在做的事，进而平复心绪。)”可知，后文出现指示短语In that state，空格处需要
引出具体的状态名称。F 选项“Doing water activities like swimming or surfing helps us enter a “flow state”.(游
泳、冲浪等水上活动能帮助我们进入“心流状态”。)”提出flow state 这一概念，对应后文指代内容，同时
契合本段讲解水舒缓身心原理的内容，符合语境。
3．根据后文分段列举的亲近周边水域、尝试水上运动、想象水景等具体做法可知，下文全部为可行性建
议。E 选项“Here’s some advice on how to tap into the healing power of water.(以下是一些如何利用水的治愈
力量的建议。)”总领下文所有分点内容，由原理介绍过渡到实际方法，衔接自然，符合语境。
4．根据前文“It has healing power.(它拥有治愈的力量。)”以及后文“For example, water in pools, bathtubs,
and even sprinklers keeps your spirits up.(例如，泳池、浴缸甚至喷水装置中的水都能让人保持心情愉悦。)”
可知，前文讲述自然水域的治愈力，后文举例日常生活用水的积极作用。B 选项“So does domestic water.
(生活用水也是如此。)”承接上文自然水景，延伸至居家日常用水，引出下文举例说明，逻辑连贯，符合语
境。
5．根据前文“You can spend time on the water anywhere, anytime in your mind.(你随时随地都可以在脑海中
畅想水景。)”以及后文“And when the water you imagine is water you have enjoyed in real life, the positive
effect will be even stronger.(当你想象的水景是现实中亲身感受过的景象时，积极效果会更加明显。)”可知，
本段核心为依靠脑海想象水景舒缓情绪。G 选项“Visualize the sun sparkling on its surface or waves hitting
against the shore.(想象阳光在水面闪烁、海浪拍打海岸的画面。)”具体说明脑海想象的内容，贴合本段观
点，前后呼应，符合语境。
Passage 2
（2026·山西·二模）
In today’s fast-paced, screen-filled world, boredom is often viewed as something to be avoided. 1
When used correctly, it helps students think more thoroughly, absorb information better, and develop creativity, all
skills that make tutoring sessions and study time far more effective.
Boredom isn’t a sign that learning isn’t happening. On the contrary, it creates the mental space where deep
thinking, understanding, and creativity can flourish. Why will students benefit from boredom?
•
2
When students rush through assignments or tutoring sessions, they often miss the chance to internalize the
information. Brief moments of pause allow the brain to organize ideas and make sense of new knowledge, improving
long-term memory.
• Their creativity and problem-solving ability will be enhanced.
Boredom encourages imagination. When students aren’t constantly entertained, their minds begin to explore
possibilities.
3
• Their focus and concentration will be improved.
By learning to sit with boredom, students strengthen their ability to focus. This makes study sessions, homework,
and tutoring more effective and reduces the need for constant guidance.
• They will achieve greater emotional resilience (韧性).
Learning isn’t always easy, and students need to tolerate small struggles. Moments of boredom teach patience
and resilience, preparing students to face challenges in school and beyond.
Next time you feel bored, embrace it. Ask yourself: What do I already understand? What am I curious about?
4
These moments of reflection can lead to breakthroughs in understanding, boost creativity, and make learning feel
more meaningful.
By incorporating structured reflection and “thinking time” into learning, students can turn boredom into a
powerful learning tool and transform spare moments into opportunities for growth. They can improve focus, creativity,
and confidence along the way.
5
It’s a little bit of boredom.
A．What if I finally figure it out?
B．They will gain better understanding.
C．How could I explore this topic differently?
D．Boredom is an immediate indicator of failure in learning.
E．Sometimes, the most effective tool for learning isn’t a textbook or even a teacher.
F．However, for students, boredom can actually be a powerful tool that boosts learning.
G．This can inspire innovative solutions and help students develop independent thinking skills.
【答案】1．F 2．B 3．G 4．C 5．E
【导语】这篇文章指出无聊并非学习障碍，反而能提升学生的理解、创造力、专注力与情绪韧性，是促进
成长的强大学习工具。
1．前文“In today’s fast-paced, screen-filled world, boredom is often viewed as something to be avoided.(在当今
这个快节奏、满是屏幕的世界里，无聊常常被视为需要避免的事情。)”指出“无聊通常被视为需要避免的
东西”，后文“When used correctly, it helps students think more thoroughly, absorb information better, and
develop creativity, all skills that make tutoring sessions and study time far more effective.(如果使用得当，它可以
帮助学生更彻底地思考，更好地吸收信息，培养创造力，所有这些技能都可以使辅导和学习时间更加有
效。)”转而阐述无聊对学习的诸多益处，此处需要一个强转折句来衔接两种对立观点。F 选项“However,
for students, boredom can actually be a powerful tool that boosts learning.( 但对于学生来说，无聊实际上可以
成为一种强大的促进学习的工具。)”以“However”开头，直接点明“无聊对学生而言是促进学习的强大工
具”，完美承接上文并引出全文核心论点。
2．此处是分论点小标题，与后文“创造力提升”、“专注力提升”以及“情绪韧性提升”构成并列结
构，且需概括本段内容。根据下文“When students rush through assignments or tutoring sessions, they often
miss the chance to internalize the information. Brief moments of pause allow the brain to organize ideas and make
sense of new knowledge, improving long-term memory.(当学生匆忙完成作业或辅导任务时，他们往往会错失
内化信息的机会。短暂的停顿能让大脑整理思路，理解新知识，从而提高长期记忆。)”可知本段核心讲
“短暂的停顿让大脑组织想法、内化新知识，提高长期记忆力”，本质是帮助学生获得更好的理解，B 选
项“They will gain better understanding.( 他们会获得更深入的理解。)”精准概括本段主旨，且句式与其他分
论点完全一致。
3．前文“Boredom encourages imagination. When students aren’t constantly entertained, their minds begin to
explore possibilities.(无聊能激发想象力。当学生不再持续受到娱乐的刺激时，他们的思维开始探索各种可
能性。)”指出“无聊激发想象力，让大脑探索各种可能性”；G 选项“This can inspire innovative solutions
and help students develop independent thinking skills.( 这可以激发创新的解决方案，并帮助学生培养独立思
考的能力。)”，承接上文，说明“探索可能性”带来的具体结果，选项中的“This”指代前文“大脑开始探
索各种可能性”，与本段“创造力和问题解决能力提升”的分论点高度契合。
4．前文“Next time you feel bored, embrace it. Ask yourself: What do I already understand? What am I curious
about? (下次当你感到无聊时，请接受它。问问自己：我已经了解了什么？我还有哪些地方感到好奇？)”连
续提出两个引导反思的问句（“我已经理解了什么？”“我对什么感到好奇？”），结合下文“These
moments of reflection(这些反思的时刻)”可知，此处需要一个同类型的反思问句保持句式和逻辑的一致性。
C 选项“How could I explore this topic differently?(我怎样才能以不同的方式来探讨这个主题呢？)”是关于
“如何用不同方式探索主题”的反思问题，与前两个问句共同构成引导学生深度思考的系列问题，符合语
境。
5．根据前文“students can turn boredom into a powerful learning tool and transform spare moments into
opportunities for growth. They can improve focus, creativity, and confidence along the way. (学生可以把无聊变成
一个强大的学习工具，把空闲时间变成成长的机会。他们可以提高注意力、创造力和自信心。)”以及后文
“It’s a little bit of boredom.(这只是一点点的无聊。)”可知，作者强调“无聊”本身是有效工具，E 选项
“Sometimes, the most effective tool for learning isn’t a textbook or even a teacher.(有时候，最有效的学习工具
并非教科书，甚至也不是老师。)”先否定“教科书”和“老师”这两种传统学习工具，引出“无聊”这一
核心工具做铺垫，形成强烈的对比和强调，完美收束全文。
Passage 3
（2026·山西太原·二模）
Tips on Connecting With Your Family in the Car
In our fast-paced world, quality time with family members is often the first thing we sacrifice. Due to last-
minute work calls or running-late classes, Friday movie nights are canceled and Saturday outings are frequently
postponed. 1 Both short school drives and long road trips can be transformed into valuable bonding
experiences by being intentional.
·Remove digital distractions. Often, phones and tablets make every member stay in their own world. This
creates a disconnected environment. 2 Use this time in the car to chat, observe the scenery, or simply enjoy
shared silence, fostering an atmosphere where everyone can get fully involved.
·Start gentle and interesting conversations. 3 As a result, communication breaks down. Choosing
light and positive topics like favorite things, funny stories or simple wishes is the key to keeping conversations
flowing. Use open-ended questions like “Where would you choose if you could go anywhere?”. This encourages
everyone to share more about their inner worlds.
4 Car rides need not be just about getting from A to B．They’re also a chance to share practical
knowledge. When passing a gas station, talk to teens about budgeting. Upon spotting a road sign, explain to younger
kids its meaning. Small exchanges spark curiosity and build practical wisdom for everyone.
·Create musical experiences. Road trips can be a painfully long stretch in the car. That’s where the magic of
music — a powerful emotional connector — comes in. Allow each member to add a few of their favorite songs and
create a family playlist together. During the trip, sing along to familiar tunes, or have silly family karaoke sessions.
5 Follow these tips and turn our next car trip into a lasting warm memory.
A．Make good use of road signs.
B．Turn long transportation into mini education.
C．But what if we fully share the moments inside the car?
D．Why not encourage everyone to put away all screens?
E．These shared melodies help track your family’s highlights.
F．Even Sunday trips are turned into family bonding occasions.
G．Exchanges often fade or turn tense with grades and criticism.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．G 4．B 5．E
【导语】文章主要介绍了在快节奏生活中，人们缺少高质量的家庭相处时间，并给出四条实用建议，指导
人们利用乘车出行的碎片化时光增进家人之间的沟通与情感联结。
1．根据前文“Due to last-minute work calls or running-late classes, Friday movie nights are canceled and
Saturday outings are frequently postponed.(由于临时工作电话或延迟结束的课程，周五电影之夜被取消，周
六外出活动也常常被推迟。)” 以及后文“Both short school drives and long road trips can be transformed into
valuable bonding experiences by being intentional.(无论是短途上学路程还是长途自驾游，用心经营都能变成
珍贵的家庭相处时光。)” 可知，空前讲述家庭聚会不断被搁置，空后提出车内时光可以增进亲情；空处需
要转折设问，引出车内相处的新方式。选项C“But what if we fully share the moments inside the car?(但如果
我们好好共享车内时光会怎样呢？)”衔接前后文意。
2．根据前文“Often, phones and tablets make every member stay in their own world. This creates a disconnected
environment.(手机和平板常常让每个家人沉浸在自己的世界里，造成彼此疏远。)”以及后文“Use this time
in the car to chat, observe the scenery, or simply enjoy shared silence, fostering an atmosphere where everyone can
get fully involved.(利用车内时间聊天、欣赏风景或是安静相伴，营造一种人人都能充分参与的氛围。)”可
知，本段核心是远离电子设备，专注陪伴家人。选项D“Why not encourage everyone to put away all screens?
(为什么不鼓励大家收起所有电子屏幕呢？)”贴合本段去除数字干扰的主题。
3．根据后文“As a result, communication breaks down.(最终，沟通走向破裂。)”可知，空处应填入会破坏家
庭谈话氛围的负面交流方式。选项G“Exchanges often fade or turn tense with grades and criticism.(谈论成绩、
加以指责，往往会让交流变淡或变得紧张。)”可以引出后文沟通不畅的结果。
4．根据后文“They’re also a chance to share practical knowledge.(乘车也是分享实用知识的好机会。)”以及本
段举例讲解油价、路标含义等内容可知，本段主要讲述利用路途时光开展简易科普与知识教育。选项
B“Turn long transportation into mini education.(把漫长的路途变成小型教育课堂。)”为本段中心句，总领下
文。
5．根据前文“Allow each member to add a few of their favorite songs and create a family playlist together.
During the trip, sing along to familiar tunes, or have silly family karaoke sessions.(让每位成员添加几首自己喜欢
的歌曲，共同创建一份家庭歌单。旅途途中，跟着熟悉的旋律一同歌唱，或是来一场轻松欢乐的家庭卡拉
OK 小派对。)”可知，本段围绕音乐营造家庭氛围展开。选项E“These shared melodies help track your
family’s highlights.(这些共同聆听的旋律，能够留存家庭美好回忆。)”承接音乐带来的情感价值。
Passage 4
（2026·山西运城·二模）
When finances feel unclear or unpredictable, your nervous system may remain on high alert, attempting to
protect you from potential dangers. 1 Fortunately, our financial situation does not simply determine our
peace. It is shaped even more by how we relate to our money.
When you have simple habits that help you see what is happening, make thoughtful decisions, and feel prepared
for what comes next, your stress begins to soften. These supportive habits are designed for you. 2
Create a simple and supportive spending plan. A spending plan is not about limiting your life. 3
Knowing what is coming and where it is going reduces fear of the unknown. You gain clarity, which creates emotional
comfort.
Track what comes in and what goes out. Recording your income and spending is a powerful way to create
emotional clarity. In this way, you can see what is happening with your money. 4 Awareness helps you make
choices with confidence instead of reacting from worry or uncertainty. Consider checking in once a week and
observing. Some people like using apps for this, while others prefer a simple notebook or notes on their phone. What
matters most is consistency, not perfection.
5 It is more than a savings account. It is a sense of security. Knowing you have something set aside,
even if it starts very small, can soften your stress in a noticeable way. It sends a message to your mind that you are
cared for and prepared. You do not need a large amount to begin. Start with what feels realistic. Even setting aside a
few dollars each week creates momentum. The habit matters more than the size. Over time, these small amounts add
up and begin to form a foundation of support.
A．That constant worry can be exhausting.
B．Build a small but steady emergency fund.
C．Make a kind and realistic plan for paying down debt.
D．They may help you feel more grounded with your money.
E．It’s about helping you feel calm and informed with your money.
F．Staying aware and calm can help you know more about your account.
G．Knowing it helps you remove the guesswork that often leads to stress.
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．E 4．G 5．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何通过建立好的财务习惯来减轻财务压力，获得内心的平
静。
1．上文“When finances feel unclear or unpredictable, your nervous system may remain on high alert, attempting
to protect you from potential dangers.(当财务状况不明朗或不可预测时，你的神经系统可能会一直处于高度
警惕状态，试图保护你免受潜在危险的伤害)”说明财务不明朗会让神经系统警惕、产生担忧。空处和前文
为顺接关系，说明这种持续担忧的影响。所以A 项“那种持续的担忧会让人疲惫不堪。”符合语境。前文
的“high alert”，“potential dangers”与A 项中的“constant worry”相呼应。故选A。
2．上文“When you have simple habits that help you see what is happening, make thoughtful decisions, and feel
prepared for what comes next, your stress begins to soften. These supportive habits are designed for you.(当你有一
些简单的习惯，帮助你看清正在发生的事情，做出深思熟虑的决定，并为接下来的事情做好准备时，你的
压力就会开始缓解。这些有益的习惯是为你设计的)”说明有益的习惯能缓解财务压力、帮助应对财务问
题。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明这些习惯的具体作用。所以D 项“它们可能会帮助你在金钱方面更有底
气。”符合语境。D 项中的They 与上文中的“These supportive habits”相呼应。故选D。
3．上文“A spending plan is not about limiting your life.(支出计划不是为了限制你的生活)”说明支出计划的核
心不是限制，空处应承接前文，说明支出计划的真正目的。所以E 项“它是为了帮助你在金钱方面感到平
静和了解情况。”符合语境。E 项中的It 与上文中的“A spending plan”相呼应，且“not about...It’s about...”
构成句式呼应，明确支出计划的真正意义。故选E。
4．上文“Recording your income and spending is a powerful way to create emotional clarity. In this way, you can
see what is happening with your money.(记录你的收入和支出是一种获得情感清晰的有效方法。通过这种方
式，你可以看清你的钱的去向)”说明记录收支能让人清楚资金情况。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明这种清
楚了解的好处。所以G 项“了解这一点有助于你消除常常导致压力的猜测。”符合语境。G 项中的it 与上
文中的“what is happening with your money”相呼应，且“remove the guesswork”与前文的“see what is
happening”形成对应。故选G。
5．下文“It is more than a savings account. It is a sense of security. Knowing you have something set aside, even
if it starts very small, can soften your stress in a noticeable way.(它不仅仅是一个储蓄账户。这是一种安全感。
知道自己有一些储备，即使一开始很少，也能显著缓解你的压力)”说明此处介绍的是一种能提供安全感、
缓解压力的财务习惯，即储备资金。空处应是该段的主旨句，引出下文的内容。所以B 项“建立一个小而
稳定的应急基金。”符合语境。B 项中的“emergency fund”与下文中的“something set aside”，“savings
account”相呼应，概括了该段核心内容。故选B。
Passage 5
（2026·辽宁朝阳·二模）
The parent-child relationship is one that nurtures the physical, emotional, and social development of a child.
A high-quality parent-child relationship is important to healthy development. 1 To have a healthy parent-child
relationship, parents must be responsive, trustworthy, and loving. Here are some tips for strengthening the
relationship.
2 Parents who are involved in their children’s studies, friends, and activities have strong parent-
child relationships. Learn what’s happening to them, understand their academics, and know their friends. Stay in
regular touch with your children’s teachers or volunteer at school if you have leisure time.
Listen actively. Listening passively while doing your work and responding with an occasional ‘hmm’ or ‘OK’
in between show that you are not interested. When your children speak to you, stop whatever you are doing and listen
to them. 3 Remember to maintain eye contact while talking to them.
Respect your children. 4 To a certain extent, while you are responsible for forming beliefs and
opinions, other irrelevant factors also contribute to it. Respect their views so that they can respect you. Be a role
model and exhibit positive behavior through your actions to set a positive example for your child to follow.
Trust your children and be trustworthy. Showing faith in their abilities builds confidence and independence.
Keep promises consistently to demonstrate integrity. 5 This balanced approach strengthens your bond,
fosters responsibility, and helps them develop sound judgment. Mutual trust grows when guidance and freedom are
properly balanced.
A．Take an active part in children’s daily life.
B．Help your children express their emotions.
C．Honor their privacy while maintaining open communication.
D．Give them full attention, ask questions or repeat what they said.
E．Treat your children as individuals and take their thoughts seriously.
F．It lays the foundation for a child’s personality and overall behavior.
G．You should devote effort to helping children improve academic performance.
【答案】1．F 2．A 3．D 4．E 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍高质量亲子关系的重要性及加强亲子关系的建议。
1．根据上文的“A high-quality parent-child relationship is important to healthy development.(高质量的亲子关
系对健康发展很重要。)”可知，开篇强调亲子关系的重要性，结合下文的“To have a healthy parent-child
relationship, parents must be responsive, trustworthy, and loving.(要建立健康的亲子关系，父母必须有回应、
值得信赖且充满爱。)”可知，此空需衔接“重要性”与“建立方法”。F 选项“It lays the foundation for a
child’s personality and overall behavior.(它为孩子的性格和整体行为奠定基础。)”通过“lays the foundation”具
体说明重要性的体现，承上启下，符合语境。故选F 项。
2．分析语篇可知，此空为本段的主题句，结合下文的“Parents who are involved in their children’s studies,
friends, and activities have strong parent-child relationships.(参与孩子学习、交友和活动的父母拥有牢固的亲
子关系。)”可知，本段核心是“参与孩子的生活”。A 选项“Take an active part in children’s daily life.(积极
参与孩子的日常生活。)”中的“active part”与“involved”直接呼应，概括了学习、交友、活动等日常场景，
符合段落主旨。故选A 项。
3．根据上文的“When your children speak to you, stop whatever you are doing and listen to them.(当孩子和你
说话时，停下手中的一切事情，倾听他们。)”可知，此处强调“专注倾听”的行动，结合下文的
“Remember to maintain eye contact while talking to them.(说话时记得保持眼神交流。)”可知，此空需补充倾
听的具体方式。D 选项“Give them full attention, ask questions or repeat what they said.(给予他们充分关注，
提问或重复他们说过的话。)”中“full attention”对应“stop whatever you are doing”，“ask questions”等细节
进一步说明积极倾听的方法，与“眼神交流”并列。故选D 项。
4．根据段落主题句“Respect your children.(尊重你的孩子。)”可知，此空需具体阐述尊重的表现，结合下
文的“Respect their views so that they can respect you.(尊重他们的观点，这样他们才能尊重你。)”可知，核
心是“尊重孩子的想法”。E 选项“Treat your children as individuals and take their thoughts seriously.(把孩子
当作独立个体对待，认真对待他们的想法。)”中“as individuals”体现尊重独立性，“take their thoughts
seriously”直接呼应“Respect their views”，符合逻辑。故选E 项。
5．根据段落主题句“Trust your children and be trustworthy.(信任你的孩子，并做值得信赖的人。)”可知，本
段强调双向信任，结合下文的“This balanced approach strengthens your bond, fosters responsibility, and helps
them develop sound judgment. Mutual trust grows when guidance and freedom are properly balanced.(这种平衡的
方式会加强你们的纽带，培养责任感，并帮助他们形成良好的判断力。当引导与自由得到适当平衡时，相
互信任就会增长。)”可知，关键词是“引导与自由的平衡”。C 选项“Honor their privacy while maintaining
open communication.(在保持开放沟通的同时尊重他们的隐私。)”中“privacy”对应“自由”，“open
communication”对应“引导”，体现了信任关系中“平衡”的核心，与下文完全契合。故选C 项。
Passage 6
（2026·辽宁·二模）
Whether you’re dealing with the work, financial or family troubles, work conflict or something else that’s
annoying, stress sometimes is an unavoidable part of modern life. 1
In the right amounts and in the right places, stress can motivate or energize you. 2 So it’s important
to keep it in the zone where it’s helpful and doesn’t have a bad effect on your physical or mental health.
Indeed, experiencing stress overload on a regular basis essentially leaves you in a constant state of fight-or-
flight mode, with rising levels of stress hormones (荷尔蒙). 3 It also increases risk of developing diseases.
Because stress can negatively impact your health, it’s important to take steps to manage your stress and calm
yourself down. While you can’t change the challenges of modern life, you don’t have to be at their mercy. 4 You
can regularly use your personal decompression valve (减压阀) to calm down, like deep breathing, physical activities,
progressive muscle relaxation, connection with nature, and writing.
If you use the stress-relieving strategies regularly, they’ll become second nature to you. And before you know
it, you may feel less stressed in general. However, if you are still in a state of confusion and emotionally nervous,
you may need to consider talking with a mental health professional. 5 The treatments he provides can help
you handle and manage your stress.
A．You can find ways to control stress.
B．Everyone can ignore stressful moments.
C．He will offer you various forms of treatments.
D．Actually, stress isn’t entirely bad but can be helpful.
E．It can also assist us to be productive or perform well.
F．The next time you feel stressed, go outdoors and take a walk.
G．Over the long term, stress puts you at higher risk of depression.
【答案】1．D 2．E 3．G 4．A 5．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述压力是现代生活的一部分，适量有益，过载有害。要采取如深呼吸等
方式管理压力，必要时寻求专业帮助。
1．由上文“stress sometimes is an unavoidable part of modern life. (压力有时是现代生活中不可避免的一部
分。)”可知，此处引出压力的普遍性，空格处需转折说明压力的两面性，D 项 Actually, stress isn’t entirely
bad but can be helpful. (实际上，压力并非完全有害，反而可能有帮助。)符合语境，通过actually 转折，总
述压力有积极作用，引出下文对“适量压力”的阐述。故选D 项。
2．由上文“In the right amounts and in the right places, stress can motivate or energize you. (在适量的情况下，
压力可以激励你或给你能量。)”可知，此处强调适量压力的积极影响，空格处需进一步补充其具体作用，
E 项It can also assist us to be productive or perform well .(它还可以帮助我们提高效率或表现良好。)符合语
境，also 承接前文motivate or energize，并列说明压力的益处，逻辑连贯。故选E 项。
3．由上文“experiencing stress overload on a regular basis essentially leaves you in a constant state of fight-or-
flight mode, with rising levels of stress hormones. (经常经历压力过载基本上会让你处于持续的‘战斗或逃
跑’模式，压力荷尔蒙水平上升。)”可知，此处讨论压力过载的危害，G 项Over the long term, stress puts
you at higher risk of depression. (从长远来看，压力会使你患抑郁症的风险更高。)符合语境，over the long
term 对应regularly，具体说明长期压力过载对心理健康的负面影响，且与后文increases risk of developing
diseases 并列。故选G 项。
4．由上文“While you can’t change the challenges of modern life, you don’t have to be at their mercy. (虽然你无
法改变现代生活的挑战，但你不必受它们的摆布。)”可知，此处强调主动应对压力的可能性，A 项You can
find ways to control stress. (你可以找到控制压力的方法。)符合语境，承接don’t have to be at their mercy，引
出下文“减压方法”的具体内容，如深呼吸、运动等。故选A 项。
5．由上文“you may need to consider talking with a mental health professional. (你可能需要考虑与心理健康专
业人士交谈。)”可知，此处提及专业帮助的必要性，C 项He will offer you various forms of treatments. (他会
为你提供各种形式的治疗。)符合语境，he 指代前文a mental health professional，具体说明专业人士能提供
的帮助，与后文The treatments he provides 形成呼应。故选C 项。
Passage 7
（2026·辽宁大连·二测）
In today’s digital age, screens are an unavoidable part of daily life. However, excessive screen time can affect
both physical and mental health, especially for students. 1 The good news is that here are five practical
tips to help you.
Set clear screen time limits and stick to them. The first step to mindful screen use is setting specific limits for
different types of screen activities. Use the screen time tracking features on your phone or computer to monitor your
usage, and set alarms to remind you when the time is up. 2
3 For instance, make your study desk a screen-free zone except for online learning, and set the time
from 7 PM to 9 PM as a screen-free period for the whole family. During these times, you can read a physical book,
have a conversation with your family, or do some light exercise.
Replace screen activities with offline alternatives. Many students turn to screens when they feel bored, stressed,
or have free time. Instead of reaching for your phone or tablet, find offline activities that bring you joy and keep your
mind active. 4 Replacing screen time with offline activities not only reduces your device usage but also
enriches your daily life and improves your ability to focus on a single task.
Turn off non-essential notifications(通知). 5 Every time your phone pings or vibrates (震动), your
attention is pulled away from what you are doing. To avoid this, turn off all non-essential notifications on your
devices. This simple change can greatly improve your focus.
A．Create screen-free zones and times at home.
B．Keep your study space free from electronic devices.
C．These small acts of self-discipline will pay off over time.
D．They can help you stay away from digital devices forever.
E．Constant notifications are distractions that break your focus.
F．If you want to relax, choose activities like yoga or walking outdoors.
G．It can cause eye tiredness and a significant drop in focus and productivity.
【答案】1．G 2．C 3．A 4．F 5．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了五个帮助学生合理使用屏幕、减少过度使用危害的实用建
议。
1．上文“In today’s digital age, screens are an unavoidable part of daily life. However, excessive screen time can
affect both physical and mental health, especially for students.(在当今数字时代，屏幕是日常生活中不可避免的
一部分。然而，过度使用屏幕会影响身心健康，尤其是对学生而言)”说明过度使用屏幕有危害。空处和前
文为顺接关系，补充过度使用屏幕的具体负面影响。所以G 项“它会导致眼睛疲劳，注意力和工作效率大
幅下降。”符合语境。G 选项中的It 与上文中的“excessive screen time”相呼应。故选G。
2．上文“Use the screen time tracking features on your phone or computer to monitor your usage, and set alarms
to remind you when the time is up.(使用手机或电脑上的屏幕时间跟踪功能来监控你的使用情况，并设置闹钟
提醒你时间到了)”说明要设定屏幕时间限制并执行。空处和前文为顺接关系，体现自律行为的长远意义。
所以C 项“这些小小的自律行为久而久之会有回报。”符合语境。C 选项中的“These small acts of self-
discipline”与上文中的“setting specific limits”，“set alarms”相呼应，故选C。
3．下文“For instance, make your study desk a screen-free zone except for online learning, and set the time from
7 PM to 9 PM as a screen-free period for the whole family.(例如，除了在线学习外，让你的书桌成为无屏幕区
域，并将晚上7 点到9 点设定为全家的无屏幕时间)”说明要设定无屏幕的区域和时间，空处应是本段的中
心句，概括该段内容。所以A 项“在家中创建无屏幕区域和时间。”符合语境。A 选项中的“screen-free
zones and times”与下文中的“a screen-free zone”，“a screen-free period”相呼应，故选A。
4．上文“Instead of reaching for your phone or tablet, find offline activities that bring you joy and keep your
mind active.(不要去拿手机或平板电脑，而是找一些能给你带来快乐、让大脑保持活跃的线下活动)”说明要
找线下替代活动，空处和前文为顺接关系，举例补充适合的线下活动。所以F 项“如果你想放松，可以选
择瑜伽或户外散步等活动。”符合语境。F 选项中的“activities like yoga or walking outdoors”与上文中的
“offline activities”相呼应。故选F。
5．上文“Turn off non-essential notifications(通知).(关闭非必要通知)”说明此段主要讲述的是关闭非必要的
通知。下文“Every time your phone pings or vibrates (震动), your attention is pulled away from what you are
doing.(每次你的手机发出提示音或震动时，你的注意力就会从正在做的事情上被拉走)”说明通知会分散注
意力，空处承上启下，点明通知的负面影响，引出下文通知对注意力的干扰。所以E 项“不断的通知是分
散你注意力的干扰项。”符合语境。E 选项中的“notifications”是上文该词的复现，且“break your focus”
与下文中的“attention is pulled away”相呼应。故选E。
Passage 8
（2026·东北三省联考·二模）
We’ve all experienced it: the urge to withdraw and duck experiences we know we’ll enjoy — even when a
mood boost is what we need most. 1 They just don’t seem worth the effort. And then, more likely than
not, we feel worse than we did before.
So how do you find the motivation to get out there, especially when you’re feeling low, stressed, tired or
lonely? 2 Our drive to seek out happiness is a muscle that we can develop. To raise your reward
sensitivity, you can try one exercise. Begin by planning one activity per day that will make you happy or give you a
sense of accomplishment.
Be realistic. 3 After you’ve enjoyed that daily moment, close your eyes and recount out loud, in
the present tense, where and when you experienced the greatest joy. Home in on details and physical sensations, like
the breeze cooling your face as the sun shines.
4 Many of us struggle to label our positive emotions much beyond fine, good or great. But research
suggests that finding more words to describe those feelings can validate and intensify them, Dr. Meuret said. When
reflecting on how something made you feel, try to be precise, using words like delighted, inspired.
Share your highlight reel. Think about the details you typically volunteer when asked about your day or a
recent trip. Broadcasting what made you happiest can make you feel better, spread that happiness to another person
and also strengthen a bond.
Find silver linings.
5
For example, if you invited co-workers to get together and only one person
showed up, you could easily view that as a failure. But the silver lining, he said, would be that you got to know that
one person better.
Keep in mind, too, that it’s normal to sometimes feel uncomfortable with pleasurable feelings, particularly if
you experience depression and anxiety. The truth is that we need to behave like happy people if we actually want to
be happy.
A．Expand your joy vocabulary.
B．We skip the birthday party and lunch.
C．Give yourself permission to feel happy.
D．One proven strategy is to enhance your reward sensitivity.
E．Specialists tend to focus on easing their negative symptoms.
F．It helps to notice the positives hidden in things first seen as negative.
G．It can be as small as treating yourself to a favorite snack, or Face Timing a friend.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．G 4．A 5．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当人们情绪低落、缺乏动力时，可以通过提升奖励敏感度、从小事
获得快乐、丰富积极词汇、分享快乐时刻、寻找事物积极面等方法来主动培养幸福感，找回行动的动力。
1．根据前文“We’ve all experienced it: the urge to withdraw and duck experiences we know we’ll enjoy — even
when a mood boost is what we need most.(我们都有过这样的经历：想要退缩、避开那些明明知道会让自己开
心的事，即使我们最需要的就是提升情绪。)” 可知，前文在说人们会逃避愉快的活动；空后一句“They
just don’t seem worth the effort.(它们似乎不值得花费这份精力。)” 进一步解释了逃避的原因；故推知：空
处应举例说明人们具体会逃避哪些活动，指明they 的指代对象；选项B“We skip the birthday party and
lunch.(我们会不去参加生日派对和午餐聚会)” 符合上下文逻辑。故选B。
2．根据前文“So how do you find the motivation to get out there, especially when you’re feeling low, stressed,
tired or lonely?(那么，你该如何找到走出去的动力，尤其是在你情绪低落、压力大、疲惫或孤独的时候？)”
可知，前文提出了如何寻找动力的问题；空后“Our drive to seek out happiness is a muscle that we can
develop. To raise your reward sensitivity, you can try one exercise.(我们追求快乐的动力就像一块可以锻炼的肌
肉。想要提高你的奖励敏感度，你可以尝试一个练习。)” 给出了具体方法；故推知：空处应回答前文问
题，引出“提高奖励敏感度”这一策略；选项D“One proven strategy is to enhance your reward sensitivity.(一
个行之有效的策略就是提高你的奖励敏感度)” 起到承上启下的作用。故选D。
3．根据前文 “Be realistic.(要现实一点。)” 可知，本段要求计划的活动要切合实际；故推知：空处应说明
现实可行的小事；选项G“It can be as small as treating yourself to a favorite snack, or Face Timing a friend.(它可
以小到请自己吃一份喜欢的零食，或者和朋友视频通话)” 符合语境。故选G。
4．此处为段落首句，总领本段内容；根据后文“Many of us struggle to label our positive emotions much
beyond fine, good or great. But research suggests that finding more words to describe those feelings can validate
and intensify them.(我们很多人除了用 “不错”“很好”“很棒” 之外，很难描述自己的积极情绪。但研
究表明，用更多词语来形容这些感受能认可并强化这些情绪。)” 可知，本段主要讲丰富描述快乐的词汇；
选项A“Expand your joy vocabulary.(扩充你描述快乐的词汇量)” 可以概括本段主旨。故选A。
5．根据前文 “Find silver linings.(看到坏事中的积极面。)” 可知，本段主题是从负面事情中发现积极之
处；空后“
For example, if you invited co-workers to get together and only one person showed up, you could
easily view that as a failure. But the silver lining, he said, would be that you got to know that one person better.(比
如，你邀请同事们聚会，结果只来了一个人，你很容易会把这看作一次失败。但他说，这件事的积极一面
是，你可以借此更深入地了解这位到场的同事。)” 为具体例子；故推知：空处应解释寻找积极面的意义；
选项F“It helps to notice the positives hidden in things first seen as negative.(留意那些最初被视为负面的事情中
隐藏的积极面是有帮助的)” 符合上下文逻辑。故选F。
Passage 9
（2026·吉林通化·二模）
As university doors opened in September for a new year, an estimated six million people across the world
took to the streets in a historic week of climate action. The power of this youth-led campaign reflected the urgency
for action on the environment. So what now? 1 Here are some ideas about how you can be sustainable as a
student.
What you put on your plate matters: nearly a quarter of all greenhouse gases come from agriculture, and most
of those are from meat and dairy. Meat and dairy consumption results in excessive (过度的) land use, industrial
emissions, methane, water use and deforestation. 2 A meat-free diet has been recommended as the single-
biggest way an individual can reduce their effect on the planet.
Forget fast fashion: keeping your clothes for as long as possible has much more than just monetary value. In
the UK, clothing has the fourth-largest environmental effect after housing, transport and food. 3
For some freshers, this will be your first time living alone, which means doing your own washing, cooking
and cleaning. 4 Wash your clothes at a lower temperature, and choose a bamboo toothbrush or more eco-friendly
sanitary (卫生的) products. When shopping, see if there's a zero-waste shop nearby, where all products are free from
plastic packaging. Just turn up with your own container. If you're planning a weekend away with new friends, try to
travel by train or bus.
5 But campaigning is important too. University campuses can be the perfect place for this. If you
don't know where and how to start, see if there are any societies at your university like Student Climate Network.
Students using fossil fuels in 76 universities have now committed to it.
A．So recycle your clothes or mend them.
B．Meat consumption delays industrial development.
C．And clothing has a bigger impact on environment than food.
D．Cutting out meat is an easy way to reduce your carbon footprint.
E．There are simple ways you can change your habits to live more sustainably.
F．Individual actions matter, as they provide an alternative to how we can live.
G．For freshers starting a new chapter at university, deciding how to live your life is vital.
【答案】1．G 2．D 3．A 4．E 5．F
【分析】这是一篇说明文。向大学新生介绍了几种可持续发展生活方式的建议。
1．根据上文“As university doors opened in September for a new year, an estimated six million people across the
world took to the streets in a historic week of climate action. The power of this youth-led campaign reflected the
urgency for action on the environment. So what now?( 随着大学在9 月迎来新的一年的开学，全球估计有600
万人走上街头，参加了具有历史意义的气候行动一周。这场由年轻人领导的运动的力量反映了对环境采取
行动的紧迫性。那么现在呢?) ”可知，介绍完了一次年轻人领发哦的环保行动，指出年轻人采取环保行动
的重要性。G 项表示对于即将开启大学新篇章的新生来说，决定如何生活至关重要，deciding how to live
your life…呼应问句“What now?”。下文“Here are some ideas about how you can be sustainable as a student.(
这里有一些关于作为一名学生如何可持续发展的建议)”也呼应了how to live your life，freshers 指大学新
生，下文多次提到这些建议是针对大学新生的。故选G 项。
2．根据上文“…nearly a quarter of all greenhouse gases come from agriculture, and most of those are from meat
and dairy. Meat and dairy consumption results in excessive (过度的) land use, industrial emissions, methane, water
use and deforestation.(…近四分之一的温室气体来自农业，其中大部分来自肉类和奶制品。肉类和奶制品的
消费导致过度的土地使用、工业排放、甲烷、水的使用和森林砍伐)可知，大量肉的消费是有害环境的，D
项意为不吃肉是减少碳足迹的简单方法，契合上文，并且呼应下文的“A meat-free diet has been
recommended…(无肉饮食被推荐…)”。故选D 项。
3．根据上文“Forget fast fashion: keeping your clothes for as long as possible has much more than just monetary
value. In the UK, clothing has the fourth-largest environmental effect after housing, transport and food.(把你的衣
服保存得越久越好，这不仅仅是金钱的价值。在英国，服装对环境的影响仅次于住房、交通和食物)”可
知，服装生产过程也对环境影响很大，应该建议大家回收循环使用或缝补旧衣服。故选A 项。
4．根据下文“Wash your clothes at a lower temperature, and choose a bamboo toothbrush or more eco-friendly
sanitary (卫生的) products. When shopping, see if there's a zero-waste shop nearby, where all products are free
from plastic packaging. Just turn up with your own container. If you're planning a weekend away with new friends,
try to travel by train or bus.( 用较低的温度洗衣服，选择竹牙刷或更环保的卫生用品。购物时，看看附近是
否有零废物商店，在那里所有的产品都没有塑料包装。带上你自己的集装箱就行了。如果你计划和新朋友
度过一个周末，试着乘火车或公共汽车旅行)”介绍了四种可持续发展的生活方式，E 项意为有一些简单的
方法可以改变你的习惯，让你的生活更可持续，启领下文。故选E 项。
5．F 项Individual actions matter, as they provide an alternative to how we can live.意为个人行为很重要，因为
它们为我们的生活提供了一种选择，承接上文，第二三四段介绍的都是个人的一些绿色生活方式。下文转
折“But campaigning is important too. University campuses can be the perfect place for this.(但是环保运动也很
重要。大学校园是这方面的绝佳场所)”指的是集体性运动，与individual 对应，F 项契合上下文。故选F
项。
Passage 10
（2026·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·二模）
The term “executive function” refers to skills that help you solve problems, use time wisely, and make
decisions. 1 This includes everyday tasks like finishing a homework assignment or straightening up your room.
Here’s how to improve your executive function skills to get more done.
Take small steps. For many people, just getting started is the hardest step toward achieving a task. Start by
identifying one small step you can take that will make a difference. For example, if your challenge is a messy
room, gather empty glasses and plates and put them in the dishwasher. Your room probably looks a little better
already! Next, pick up clothing that’s been gathering on a chair and hang it up. 2
Personalize your organization. The best “system” that will help you stay organized is the one that works for
you. 3 You may find this way is easier than juggling multiple sticky notes. Enjoy the satisfaction of
crossing items off your list as you get them done!
4 If you have to complete a job that you’re not excited about, make it more enjoyable by combining it
with something you do like. For example, play music while you gather leaves. You could also find a partner, even if
it’s virtual — call a friend and clean out your messy backpacks together.
Be kind to yourself. Learning executive function skills takes practice. If you forget or lose something, speak
kindly to yourself the way you might to a friend who made a mistake. 5 It may feel silly at first, but repeat
statements like, “You’re doing the best you can, and that’s enough.”
A．Pair tasks with something fun.
B．Value your time and make every moment count.
C．You can probably do anything if you put in the effort.
D．Then put pens and pencils in a cup, and recycle loose papers.
E．You can keep a notebook and write down your daily checklist in it.
F．It can also help you feel more in control about what you need to do.
G．One study indicates that people treating themselves with gentleness lower stress.
【答案】1．F 2．D 3．E 4．A 5．G
【导语】主要介绍执行功能的定义，并给出提升执行功能、高效完成任务的四条实用方法。
1．根据前文“The term “executive function” refers to skills that help you solve problems, use time wisely, and
make decisions.(“执行功能”一词指的是帮助你解决问题、合理利用时间和做出决策的技能。)”可知，前文
在解释执行功能的作用，F 选项“It can also help you feel more in control about what you need to do.(它还能帮
助你更好地掌控自己需要做的事情。)”进一步补充说明执行功能的益处，与前文内容衔接，符合语境。
2．根据前文“For example, if your challenge is a messy room, gather empty glasses and plates and put them in
the dishwasher. Your room probably looks a little better already! Next, pick up clothing that’s been gathering on a
chair and hang it up.(例如，如果你面临的挑战是房间凌乱，就把空杯子和盘子收集起来放进洗碗机。你的
房间可能看起来已经好一点了！接下来，把堆在椅子上的衣服捡起来挂好。)”可知，前文在一步步列举整
理房间的小步骤，D 选项“Then put pens and pencils in a cup, and recycle loose papers.(然后把钢笔和铅笔放
进杯子里，回收散落的纸张。)”继续补充整理房间的后续步骤，与前文逻辑连贯，符合语境。
3．根据前文“Personalize your organization. The best “system” that will help you stay organized is the one that
works for you.(个性化你的整理方式。能帮你保持条理的最佳“方法”是适合你自己的那一种。)”以及后文
“You may find this way is easier than juggling multiple sticky notes.(你可能会发现这种方法比应付一堆便利贴
更容易。)”可知，前后文在讲适合自己的整理方法，E 选项“You can keep a notebook and write down your
daily checklist in it.(你可以准备一个笔记本，在里面写下每日待办事项。)”给出具体的整理方式，衔接前后
文，符合语境。
4．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题，与其他段落相同，应为祈使句，根据空后的“If you have to
complete a job that you’re not excited about, make it more enjoyable by combining it with something you do like.
(如果你必须完成一项你不感兴趣的工作，可以把它和你喜欢的事情结合起来，让它变得更有趣。)”可知，
本段讲把任务和有趣的事结合，A 选项“Pair tasks with something fun.(把任务和有趣的事情搭配起来。)”为
祈使句，能准确概括本段主题，适合作本段小标题，符合语境。
5．根据前文“Be kind to yourself. Learning executive function skills takes practice. If you forget or lose
something, speak kindly to yourself the way you might to a friend who made a mistake.(善待自己。学习执行功
能技能需要练习。如果你忘记或弄丢了什么东西，善待自己，就像对待犯错的朋友一样。)”可知，前文强
调要善待自己，G 选项“One study indicates that people treating themselves with gentleness lower stress.(一项
研究表明，善待自己的人压力会更小。)”用研究结果支撑善待自己的观点，符合语境。
Passage 11
（2026·广西百色·二模）
Imagine yourself promising to finish that report by Thursday, or assuring your partner you’ll be ready in “just
five minutes.” Then reality hits, deadlines fly by. 1 Most people tend to systematically underestimate the
time, cost and risks for future actions while overestimating their benefits. This is the “planning fallacy (谬误),” which
can be very costly, and can even create health problems. Here are some strategies that can help you.
2
Instead of thinking about the task, use data. Think back to when you last completed a similar task. How long
did it take? This works best if you keep some actual notes. For example, before estimating how much time you need
to prepare your next presentation, review your notes from the last three presentations.
Add buffers (缓冲) as percentages.
Adding buffers is a good idea, but “a little extra time” will never be enough.
3
Add 25 percent to
your estimate (instead of 10 minutes more). If you still end up needing more, add 50 percent next time. If you are left
with extra time, adjust it down a bit next time. Don’t be depressed if you end up adding 150 percent or more. We are
really that bad at estimating duration.
Break tasks into steps.
Large, complex tasks often fall victim to the planning fallacy.
4
Break big projects into smaller,
more predictable steps, and estimate the duration of each one. It’s easier to estimate “get the sales data from last
quarter” than “complete the division’s report.”
The next time you think a task will take only minutes, pause and remember the planning fallacy. The goal,
however, is not to become pessimistic about your capabilities.
5
Your future self will thank you.
A．You are not alone.
B．Learn about yourself.
C．Make realistic estimates.
D．This is because they involve many unknowns.
E．One practical way is to add percentages instead of fixed time.
F．It’s to become realistic about the complexities of the real world.
G．It will damage your reputation and make others lose trust in you.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．E 4．D 5．F
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了人们常常低估未来行动所需的时间、成本和风险，高估其收益，
即“计划谬误”，并给出了应对策略。
1．上文“Imagine yourself promising to finish that report by Thursday, or assuring your partner you’ll be ready in
‘just five minutes.’ Then reality hits, deadlines fly by. (想象一下，你承诺在周四前完成那份报告，或者向你的
伴侣保证你“只需要五分钟”就能准备好。然后现实来了，截止日期一晃而过。）”描述了人们常常低估
完成任务所需时间的情况，下文“Most people tend to systematically underestimate the time, cost and risks for
future actions while overestimating their benefits. (大多数人倾向于系统性地低估未来行动的时间、成本和风
险，同时高估其收益。)”进一步解释了这种现象的普遍性。A 项“You are not alone. (你并不孤单。)”承上启
下，说明这种情况很普遍，符合语境。故选A。
2．下文“Instead of thinking about the task, use data. Think back to when you last completed a similar task. How
long did it take? This works best if you keep some actual notes. (不要去想任务本身，而是使用数据。回想一下
你上次完成类似任务是什么时候。花了多长时间？如果你做一些实际的笔记，这种方法效果最好。)”提出
了一个具体的应对策略，即使用数据来更准确地估计时间。C 项“Make realistic estimates. (做出现实的估
计。)”概括了本段内容，指出要做出符合实际的估计，符合题意，适合做小标题。故选C。
3．上文“Adding buffers is a good idea, but ‘a little extra time’ will never be enough. (增加缓冲是个好主意，但
“多一点点时间”永远不够。)”指出增加缓冲时间是个好主意，但仅仅增加一点固定时间是不够的，下文
“Add 25 percent to your estimate (instead of 10 minutes more). (在你的估计上增加25%（而不是再增加10 分
钟）。)”给出了具体的增加时间的方法，即按百分比增加。E 项“One practical way is to add percentages
instead of fixed time. (一个实用的方法是增加百分比而不是固定时间。)”承上启下，说明增加百分比是一个
实用的方法，符合语境。故选E。
4．上文“Large, complex tasks often fall victim to the planning fallacy. (大型、复杂的任务常常成为计划谬误
的牺牲品。)”指出大型、复杂的任务容易受到计划谬误的影响，下文“Break big projects into smaller, more
predictable steps, and estimate the duration of each one. (把大项目分解成更小、更可预测的步骤，并估计每个
步骤的持续时间。)”给出了应对策略，即把大任务分解成小任务。D 项“This is because they involve many
unknowns. (这是因为它们涉及许多未知因素。)”解释了为什么大型、复杂的任务容易受到计划谬误的影
响，即因为它们涉及许多未知因素，并引出下文的应对策略。故选D。
5．上文“The next time you think a task will take only minutes, pause and remember the planning fallacy. The
goal, however, is not to become pessimistic about your capabilities. (下次当你认为一项任务只需要几分钟时，
停下来想想计划谬误。然而，目标并不是对你的能力变得悲观。)”指出要记住计划谬误，但目标不是变得
悲观，下文“Your future self will thank you. (未来的你会感谢你的。)”说明采取正确策略的好处。F 项“It’s
to become realistic about the complexities of the real world. (而是要对现实世界的复杂性有现实的认识。)”承上
启下，说明目标是要对现实世界的复杂性有现实的认识，符合语境。故选F。
Passage 12
（2026·重庆九龙坡·二测）
First Aid for Emotional Outbursts: How to Hit the Brakes
Emotional outbursts can happen suddenly — that flash of anger, overwhelming anxiety or sadness. These
feelings come without warning. 1 Your emotions take control; your mind shuts down, and you feel
consumed by tunnel vision. Here’s a four-step plan to manage these intense feelings and regain control.
Realize your emotions have taken over.
Once your brain’s emotional center fires up, your rational (理智的) mind goes offline. Your brain drifts into
past experiences fueling your mood, making it stronger.
2
They circle back, strengthening your feelings
and making escape harder. The first step is recognizing this cycle: your rational mind is offline, and racing thoughts
worsen the situation.
3
As soon as you notice this emotional cycle, take action to stop it. Simply name your feelings and pattern: I’m
upset; my emotional brain has taken over; I’m stuck in that negative circle. This small act creates a gap between you
and your emotions.
Calm yourself.
Have pre-planned calming skills ready: deep breathing, mindful cooking, or distraction like watching a favorite
show.
4
They work by grounding you in the present, pulling you from negative memories and worst cases.
Experts advise listing these methods visibly for easy access.
Once calm, circle back.
Reflect: What triggered (触发) me? A partner’s critical tone, sudden work change, or small disappointment?
5
Or is it an ongoing emotional pattern? Finally, take targeted action to solve it.
The key to handling emotional outbursts is balancing regulation and problem-solving. Master these steps, and
you’ll hit the brakes on intense emotions before they take over.
A．Stop feeling bad.
B．Label what’s going on.
C．Reflect why it has influenced your mood.
D．Next, judge if it’s a real solvable problem.
E．They hit fast, intense feelings hard to process.
F．Memories turn into negative thoughts quickly.
G．These techniques need no special skills and are easy to use.
【答案】1．E 2．F 3．B 4．G 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍应对情绪突然爆发的四个步骤，帮助人们及时控制强烈情绪、恢复
理性。
1．上文“Emotional outbursts can happen suddenly — that flash of anger, overwhelming anxiety or sadness.
These feelings come without warning.(情绪爆发可能会突然发生——愤怒的闪现、压倒性的焦虑或悲伤。这
些感觉毫无预兆地出现。)”描述了情绪爆发的突然性和强烈性，E 项“它们来势汹汹，强烈的情绪难以处
理。”承接上文，进一步说明了这些情绪的强烈和难以处理，符合语境。故选E 项。
2．上文“Your brain drifts into past experiences fueling your mood, making it stronger.(你的大脑会陷入过去的
经历中，从而加剧你的情绪，使其更加强烈。)”说明大脑会陷入过去的经历，F 项“记忆很快会变成消极
的想法。”承接上文，说明记忆会很快变成消极的想法，与后文“They circle back, strengthening your
feelings and making escape harder.(它们会循环回来，增强你的感觉，让你更难逃脱。)”呼应，且后文中的
“They”指代F 项中“negative thoughts”，说明消极的想法会循环回来，增强你的感觉，符合语境。故选F
项。
3．根据后文“As soon as you notice this emotional cycle, take action to stop it. Simply name your feelings and
pattern: I’m upset; my emotional brain has taken over; I’m stuck in that negative circle. This small act creates a gap
between you and your emotions.(一旦你注意到这个情绪循环，就采取行动阻止它。只需说出你的感受和模
式：我很沮丧；我的情绪大脑占据了主导；我陷入了那个消极的循环。这个小小的举动会在你和你的情绪
之间制造一个隔阂。)”可知，本段主要介绍了要说出自己的感受和模式，给自己的情绪贴上标签，B 项
“给正在发生的事情贴上标签。”符合语境，适合作为本段小标题。故选B 项。
4．上文“Have pre-planned calming skills ready: deep breathing, mindful cooking, or distraction like watching a
favorite show.(提前准备好冷静的技巧：深呼吸、专注烹饪，或者像看喜欢的节目这样的分散注意力的活
动。)”介绍了一些冷静的技巧，G 项“这些技巧不需要特殊技能，易于使用。”承接上文，说明这些技巧
的特点，符合语境。故选G 项。
5．上文“Reflect: What triggered (触发) me? A partner’s critical tone, sudden work change, or small
disappointment?(反思：是什么触发了我？伴侣批评的语气、突然的工作变动，还是小小的失望？)” 提出反
思触发点，后文“Or is it an ongoing emotional pattern?(又或者这是一个持续的情绪模式？)”用“Or”构成并
列疑问，D 选项“接下来，判断这是不是一个真正可以解决的问题。”承接上文，与后文语义并列、逻辑
连贯，符合语境。故选D 项。
Passage 13
（2026·重庆·二诊）
Dealing With Family Stress
When families face stressful issues, the ways they respond often depend on their dealing and stress-management
resources. In times of hardship, it might be hard to imagine how to decrease stress within the family system. 1
First, consider carrying out a practice of having a family meeting where members can explore how the current
stressors are impacting them. 2 For example, can you each agree not to talk over each other or to take a
break if one of you starts to raise your voice. This can help ensure each member feels safe and heard.
3 Each family member can then get some alone time. During this time, that family member is supported
in relaxing and joining in an activity they find comforting without interruptions from others. Doing so can allow
greater space for rest and relaxation and support the development of internal resources.
To support mental wellness, a calm corner could be helpful. A calm corner is a part of the house that is set
aside for quiet reflection. When things are feeling stressful, it is a place to go to take deep breaths and regulate nervous
system. 4
Please be gentle with yourself during this process as it can be challenging to shift deeply fixed patterns,
perspectives, and resources. It takes time to build and develop different skills and responses to stress. 5 Grant
yourself patience and grace and take things one day and one moment at a time.
A．Change takes consistent effort over time.
B．It’s necessary to seek shared family activities.
C．It may also be helpful to create a family schedule.
D．Such a place can be friendly for kids and adults alike.
E．Before digging into dialogue, set some shared agreements.
F．However, even small actions can lead to different outcomes.
G．Focus on your emotions before considering the family’s needs.
【答案】1．F 2．E 3．C 4．D 5．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍当家庭面临压力时，家庭成员可以采取的缓解家庭压力的方法，如
召开家庭会议、安排独处时间、设置冷静角等。
1．根据上文“In times of hardship, it might be hard to imagine how to decrease stress within the family system.
(在困难时期，人们可能很难想象如何减少家庭内部的压力。)”可知，家庭减压看似困难，结合下文给出的
具体减压方法，此处需表转折，引出可行的办法。F 选项（然而，即使是微小的行动也能带来不同的结
果。）承接上文且与下文形成转折关系。故选F 项。
2．根据上文“First, consider carrying out a practice of having a family meeting where members can explore how
the current stressors are impacting them.(首先，考虑召开家庭会议，让成员们探讨当前压力源对他们的影
响。)”以及下文“For example, can you each agree not to talk over each other or to take a break if one of you
starts to raise your voice.(例如，你们能否约定不互相打断，或者如果有人开始提高嗓门就暂停一下。)”可
知，此处需提出召开会议前的准备，即约定规则。E 选项（在深入交流之前，制定一些共同的约定。）承
接上文会议话题，且下文为该选项的具体举例。故选E 项。
3．根据下文“Each family member can then get some alone time.(然后每个家庭成员都可以有一些独处时
间。)”可知，此段介绍安排个人专属时间的方法。C 选项（制定家庭日程表或许也有帮助。）引出下文独
处时间的安排。故选C 项。
4．根据上文“To support mental wellness, a calm corner could be helpful. A calm corner is a part of the house
that is set aside for quiet reflection. When things are feeling stressful, it is a place to go to take deep breaths and
regulate nervous system.(为了支持心理健康，一个安静的角落可能会有所帮助。安静的角落是房子里留出来
用于安静反思的一部分。当感到有压力时，这是一个可以深呼吸和调节神经系统的地方。)”可知，此段主
要讲设置冷静角对心理健康有帮助，此处应进一步说明冷静角对小孩和大人都有好处。D 选项（这样的地
方对小孩和大人都很友好。）符合语境，其中“Such a place”指代上文“A calm corner”。故选D 项。
5．根据上文“It takes time to build and develop different skills and responses to stress.(培养和发展应对压力的
不同技能和反应需要时间。)”可知，此段强调改变需要时间与坚持。A 选项（改变需要长期持续的努
力。）承接上文，与后文“Grant yourself patience and grace and take things one day and one moment at a time.
(给予自己耐心和宽容，一天一天、一刻一刻地处理事情。)”相呼应。故选A 项。
Passage 14
（2026·云南昆明·二测）
Surfing is a full-body workout that engages multiple muscle groups. If you want to better your surfing skills
but may not have immediate access to the water, practicing on land is an excellent alternative. 1 . In this
article, we will explore how to practice surfing on land through various exercises and tools that mimic ( 模仿) the
movements and demands of surfing.
●Balance Training
Balance is one of the most critical skills in surfing.
2
. It helps you stay on your board while riding
waves. On land, you can practice balance with the following exercises: Balance Board Training, Bosu Ball Exercises,
and Single-Leg Stands.
●Pop-Up Practice
The pop-up is a fundamental movement in surfing that involves going from a prone (俯卧的) position on the
board to a standing position. Practicing this move on land can help you build muscle memory and perfect your timing.
Lie down and practice the motion, focusing on the transition.
3
.
●Flexibility and Mobility
Surfing requires flexibility and mobility, especially in the hips, shoulders, and lower back. Improving your
range of motion will allow you to make more fluid movements on the water.
4
. Focus on poses that stretch
the hips, back, and shoulders, such as downward dog, pigeon pose, and cat-cow stretches. These poses can help
improve mobility and prevent injuries.
5
, they provide a solid foundation for developing balance, core strength, and flexibility.
A．These are all essentials for becoming a better surfer
B．Surfing requires a stable and centered body position
C．Although real surfing environments are more complex
D．Repeat the movement several times to reinforce the muscle memory
E．While these exercises can’t fully mimic the experience of catching waves
F．Yoga is a great practice as it enhances flexibility and promotes range of motion
G．Land-based practice can help you improve your balance, technique, and overall fitness
【答案】1．G 2．B 3．D 4．F 5．E
【原文】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在无法立即下水的情况下，可以通过陆地上的平衡训练、起身练
习、柔韧性训练等方式来提升冲浪技能。
1．根据前文“If you want to better your surfing skills but may not have immediate access to the water, practicing
on land is an excellent alternative.(如果你想提升冲浪技能却暂时无法下水，陆上练习是一个很好的选择。)”
可知，空前提出了陆上练习这一方式；空后一句“In this article, we will explore how to practice surfing on
land through various exercises and tools that mimic the movements and demands of surfing.(在本文中，我们将探
讨如何通过各种模仿冲浪动作和运动需求的训练方法与器材，在陆地上进行冲浪练习。)” 引出具体方法；
故推知：空处应说明陆上练习的好处，起到承上启下的作用；选项G“Land-based practice can help you
improve your balance, technique, and overall fitness(陆上练习可以帮助你提升平衡感、技巧和整体身体素质)”
符合原文内容。故选G。
2．根据前文“Balance is one of the most critical skills in surfing.(平衡是冲浪中最重要的技能之一。)” 以及
空后一句“It helps you stay on your board while riding waves.(它能帮你在冲浪时保持在板上。)” 可知，上下
文都在强调平衡的重要性；故推知：空处应进一步解释平衡在冲浪中的具体作用；选项B“Surfing requires
a stable and centered body position(冲浪需要稳定、居中的身体姿势)” 符合原文内容。故选B。
3．根据前文“Practicing this move on land can help you build muscle memory and perfect your timing. Lie down
and practice the motion, focusing on the transition.(在陆上练习这个动作可以帮助你形成肌肉记忆、优化节
奏。躺下练习这个动作，专注于转换过程。)” 可知，空前在讲解起身动作的练习方法；故推知：空处应继
续说明该练习的具体做法；选项D“Repeat the movement several times to reinforce the muscle memory(重复这
个动作数次以强化肌肉记忆)” 符合原文内容。故选D。
4．根据前文“Improving your range of motion will allow you to make more fluid movements on the water.(提升
身体活动幅度能让你在水中动作更流畅。)” 以及空后一句“Focus on poses that stretch the hips, back, and
shoulders, such as downward dog, pigeon pose, and cat-cow stretches.(专注于拉伸髋部、背部和肩膀的姿势，
如下犬式、鸽子式、猫牛式伸展。)” 可知，空后列举了多种瑜伽姿势；故推知：空处应引出瑜伽这一训练
方式；选项F“Yoga is a great practice as it enhances flexibility and promotes range of motion(瑜伽是很好的练习
方式，它能提升柔韧性并增加活动幅度)” 符合原文内容。故选F。
5．根据后文“they provide a solid foundation for developing balance, core strength, and flexibility.(它们为培养
平衡感、核心力量和柔韧性打下坚实基础。)” 可知，空后在肯定陆上练习的价值；故推知：空处可能会承
认这些练习的局限性，再进行转折强调其作用；选项E“While these exercises can’t fully mimic the experience
of catching waves(虽然这些练习无法完全模拟冲浪追浪的体验)” 符合原文逻辑。故选E。
Passage 15
（2026·云南昭通·二模）
The path to becoming emotionally intelligent is very tough and not everyone is able to do it. Hopefully, with
these strategies, you will not only become emotionally strong but also improve as a person.
Do not try to change others
Just like you, everyone else is entitled to their own beliefs and opinions, and this is completely normal. Keeping
that in mind, it is better if you understand that you cannot change others, no matter how hard you try. 1 .
Even if you try changing others and their feelings, you will only be hurting yourself in the process.
2
People interact with us like we are mind readers sometimes, and this happens mostly in relationships. Your
partner would want you to know exactly what they want and when they want it, which can be extremely painful. Just
as you aren’t a mind reader, others aren’t either. You need to communicate your needs to the other person. 3
Take responsibility for your actions
Just like your words, you need to take full responsibility for your actions.
4
? Many people make
silly excuses and don’t take responsibility for their actions — that is where they hurt others and themselves. If you
have made a mistake and hurt others in the process, apologize immediately. It won’t bring your self-respect down; it
will actually elevate you as a person. You will become emotionally mature by doing this.
Avoid negative people
5
. If you are surrounded by happy and motivated people, you will always be happy. If you are
surrounded by negative people that only bring others down, then you will always feel miserable. In order to be
emotionally intelligent, you must have a good and supportive company by your side.
You are the CEO of your life, so hire, fire, and promote accordingly.
A．Communicate your needs
B．Mind your actions and words
C．They need to do the same with you
D．You can’t change others just like they can’t change you
E．It is always true that you are known by the company you keep
F．How can you become emotionally strong if you don’t own whatever you say or do
G．How can you develop your emotional strength if you never practise what you expect
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．F 5．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章向读者介绍了一些方法，帮助变得情感上坚强，还会成为一个更好的具有
高情商的人。
1．根据小标题Do not try to change others 及上文“Just like you, everyone else is entitled to their own beliefs
and opinions, and this is completely normal. Keeping that in mind, it is better if you understand that you cannot
change others, no matter how hard you try.(就像你一样，其他人也有权拥有自己的信念和观点，这完全正
常。记住这一点后，你会明白最重要的是要明白你无法改变他人，无论你如何努力)”可知，本段主要讲不
要试图改变他人，要认识到自己无法改变他人。由此可知，D 选项“You can’t change others just like they
can’t change you(你也无法改变他人，就像他们无法改变你一样)”符合语境。故选D 项。
2．该小题为段落小标题，应概括段落主旨。根据下文“People interact with us like we are mind readers
sometimes, and this happens mostly in relationships. Your partner would want you to know exactly what they want
and when they want it, which can be extremely painful. Just as you aren’t a mind reader, others aren’t either. You
need to communicate your needs to the other person.(有时人们与我们交流时，就好像我们能读懂他们的想法
一样，这种情况大多发生在人际关系中。你的同伴会希望你确切地知道他们想要什么以及什么时候想要，
这可能会非常令人痛苦。正如你不是心灵读取者一样，其他人也不是。你需要向对方表达你的需求)”可
知，本段建议清楚直接地说出自己的需求，不说出来别人不知道。由此可知，A 选项“ Communicate your
needs(表达你的需求)”符合语境。故选A 项。
3．根据上文“Your partner would want you to know exactly what they want and when they want it, which can be
extremely painful. Just as you aren’t a mind reader, others aren’t either. You need to communicate your needs to the
other person.(你的同伴会希望你确切地知道他们想要什么以及什么时候想要，这可能会非常令人痛苦。正
如你不是心灵读取者一样，其他人也不是。你需要向对方表达你的需求)”可知，前文表示大家双方都没有
读心术，你去要直接表达自己的需求。由此可知，C 选项“They need to do the same with you(他们也需要对
你这样做)”符合语境，意思是对方也需要直接表达自己的需要。故选C 项。
4．根据上文“Just like your words, you need to take full responsibility for your actions.(就像你的言语一样，你
也需要为自己的行为承担全部责任)”及下文“Many people make silly excuses and don’t take responsibility for
their actions — that is where they hurt others and themselves. (许多人会找些愚蠢的借口，并且不为自己的行为
负责——这就是他们伤害他人和自己的地方)”可知，此处在讲要对自己说过的话和做过的事情负责。由此
可知，F 选项“How can you become emotionally strong if you don’t own whatever you say or do(如果你不承认
自己所说或所做的任何事情，你怎么能变得情绪上强大呢)”符合语境。故选F 项。
5．根据下文“If you are surrounded by happy and motivated people, you will always be happy. If you are
surrounded by negative people that only bring others down, then you will always feel miserable. In order to be
emotionally intelligent, you must have a good and supportive company by your side.(如果你周围都是快乐和积极
向上的人，你也会一直保持快乐。如果你周围都是只会让他人沮丧的消极的人，那么你也会一直感到痛
苦。要想具备高情商，你就需要身边有一个支持你、理解你的良伴)”可知，本段主要讲周围人的情绪对你
的性格影响非常大。由此可知，E 选项“ It is always true that you are known by the company you keep(总是
有这样一条真理：近朱者赤，近墨者黑)”符合语境。故选E 项。
Passage 16
（2026·甘肃兰州·二诊）
Many families schedule obedience ( 服从) lessons when they first bring a dog into their home. 1
Shir Limazati, founder of Another Chance Training, wants all dog owners to improve their communication with their
furry friend. Here’s her typical day as a Chicago dog trainer.
Limazati doesn’t have a regular office job. 2 Every family, and every dog, needs a different kind of
training. Since Limazati studied child psychology, she specializes in helping kids and dogs get along.
She starts working at about 7 a.m., texting the day’s clients to remind them she’s coming. Before leaving for
work, Limazati double-checks that she has her important supplies. She has to make sure that her backpack is ready.
3 If there is a certain client needs extra tools, she brings those, as well. Then she drives to the first appointment of
the day.
“Usually, there’s a dynamic where the kids are afraid of the dog, or the dog’s afraid of the kids,” Limazati says.
“There’s a lot of crying. 4 ” She has achieved this result by teaching “alternative behaviors,” or different
ways for humans and dogs to act around each other.
“Boundaries are probably the biggest thing I work on,” she says. After each session, she takes notes to help
her remember how it went. She also posts photos from the session on social media, celebrating the family’s
progress. 5
Limazati ends her workday late at night. When she returns home, she checks her texts and answers questions
from clients. Then she gets ready to do it all again the next day.
A．She prefers working outdoors during training.
B．She puts lots of different treats in that bag, and her laptop.
C．Then she gets in her car, heading to the next client’s home.
D．But after five or more sessions, kids and dogs start to bond.
E．It often takes hours to compose everyone before training starts.
F．Rather, she works with several families every day, an hour each.
G．These can be group classes, or private sessions with a professional trainer.
【答案】1．G 2．F 3．B 4．D 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是芝加哥的狗狗训练师Shir Limazati 的日常工作。
1．空前“Many families schedule obedience (服从) lessons when they first bring a dog into their home.(许多家
庭在他们第一次把狗带回家时就安排了服从课程)”说明了许多家庭会给狗安排服从课程，空格处应该对这
些课程进行介绍，G 选项“These can be group classes, or private sessions with a professional trainer.(这些课程
可以是小组课程，也可以是专业教练的私人课程)”是对空前所说课程的介绍，承接上文，符合语境，故选
G。
2．空前“Limazati doesn’t have a regular office job.(Limazati 没有固定的办公室工作)”说明Limazati 没有固定
的办公室工作，空格处应该说她的工作是什么，F 选项“Rather, she works with several families every day, an
hour each.(相反，她每天与几个家庭一起工作，每个家庭一个小时)”是对她的工作的介绍，而且是不固定
的，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
3．空前“Before leaving for work, Limazati double-checks that she has her important supplies. She has to make
sure that her backpack is ready.(在出发工作之前，Limazati 会再次检查她的重要物资是否齐全。她得确保背
包准备好了)”说明Limazati 去工作前会检查自己是否带齐了东西，空格处应该交代她需要带哪些东西，B
选项“She puts lots of different treats in that bag, and her laptop.(她在包里放了很多不同的零食，还有她的笔
记本电脑)”说明了她要带很多零食还有她的笔记本电脑，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
4．空前““Usually, there’s a dynamic where the kids are afraid of the dog, or the dog’s afraid of the kids,”
Limazati says. “There’s a lot of crying.(“通常情况下，孩子们害怕狗，或者狗害怕孩子，”Limazati 说。“有
很多人在哭。”)”说明了刚开始是很不容易的，空后“She has achieved this result by teaching “alternative
behaviors,” or different ways for humans and dogs to act around each other.(她通过教授“替代行为”，即人类
和狗在彼此周围的不同行为方式，实现了这一结果)”说明她得到了一种好的结果，D 选项“But after five or
more sessions, kids and dogs start to bond.(但经过五次或更多的训练后，孩子和狗开始建立联系)”说明了孩子
和狗后来开始建立了联系，这是一种好的结果，因此D 选项承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
5．空前“After each session, she takes notes to help her remember how it went. She also posts photos from the
session on social media, celebrating the family’s progress.(每次训练结束后，她都会做笔记，以便记住训练过
程如何。她还会在社交媒体上发布训练时的照片，庆祝这个家庭取得的进步)”说明她完成了在一个家庭的
工作，C 选项“Then she gets in her car, heading to the next client’s home.(然后她上了车，前往下一个客户的
家)”说明了她赶往下一个客户的家，承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
Passage 17
（2026·甘肃酒泉·二调）
As adulthood approaches, we need to develop independence in every aspect of our lives so that we can earn
a living, develop a career, be emotionally mature, and form a personal philosophy. Outlined here are four reasons
why achieving independence is essential.
Being independent is a boost to your confidence.
1 The more independent you are, the more confident you will become. Having confidence gives
you a positive outlook on life. You are going to be willing to do things on your own, without needing support or
approval from others.
2
Self-reliance is a significant element in being an independent person. When you can make decisions for yourself
without relying on others to approve your choice, you are acting independently. People who rely heavily on others
for support are often seen as needy and demanding. 3
You can get freedom through financial independence.
Nothing compares to receiving that first pay packet and knowing that at last, you can begin to pay your way
in the world. Having financial independence is a fantastic feeling.
4
Knowing you are in control of your
income and spending without referring to anyone else reduces stress and improves your feeling of contentedness.
Independence leads to broader horizons.
Once you can function as an independent person without restrictions placed on you by others, you can broaden
your horizons. You will be able to take trips to exotic (异国的) destinations, meet people with different social and
moral beliefs, and gain more extensive knowledge.
5
It might affect the way you approach decision-making,
or, on a simpler level, change your attitude to food.
A．You will not need to rely on others.
B．Stress is reduced, and we become happier.
C．Being independent makes you a better decision-maker.
D．These are not attractive features in someone’s personality.
E．It means that you don’t have to depend on others to pay for you.
F．In turn, this will change how you view many aspects of your life.
G．Every life coach stresses the importance of confidence when you seek success in life.
【答案】1．G 2．A 3．D 4．E 5．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了随着成年期的临近，我们需要在生活的各个方面培养独立
性，并阐述了实现独立性的四个重要原因，包括提升自信、成为更好的决策者、获得经济自由以及拓宽视
野。
1．下文“The more independent you are, the more confident you will become. Having confidence gives you a
positive outlook on life. You are going to be willing to do things on your own, without needing support or approval
from others. (你越独立，你就会越自信。有信心会让你对生活有积极的态度。你会愿意自己做事情，不需
要别人的支持或认可。)”说明独立对自信的重要性， G 项“Every life coach stresses the importance of
confidence when you seek success in life. (当你寻求生活中的成功时，每个人生导师都强调自信的重要性。)”
符合语境，说明人生导师都强调成功路上自信的重要性，与上文话题一致，衔接紧密。故选G。
2．下文“Self-reliance is a significant element in being an independent person. When you can make decisions for
yourself without relying on others to approve your choice, you are acting independently. (自力更生是成为一个独
立的人的重要因素。当你可以自己做决定而不需要别人认可你的选择时，你就是在独立行动。)”说明独立
意味着不依赖他人，空格处总结本段内容，A 项“You will not need to rely on others. (你将不需要依赖别
人。)”符合语境，概括了本段核心，可作为本段主旨句。故选A。
3．上文“People who rely heavily on others for support are often seen as needy and demanding. (那些严重依赖
他人支持的人往往被视为过分依赖他人的和苛求的。)”，D 项“These are not attractive features in someone’s
personality. (这些不是一个人性格中吸引人的特征。)”符合语境，These 指代上文的“needy and
demanding”。故选D。
4．上文“Nothing compares to receiving that first pay packet and knowing that at last, you can begin to pay your
way in the world. Having financial independence is a fantastic feeling. (没有什么比收到第一份薪水并知道你终
于可以开始自己支付生活费用更棒的了。拥有经济独立是一种奇妙的感觉。)”， E 项“It means that you
don’t have to depend on others to pay for you. (这意味着你不必依赖别人为你支付。)”符合语境，与上文内容
相呼应，进一步解释了经济独立的含义。故选E。
5．上文“Once you can function as an independent person without restrictions placed on you by others, you can
broaden your horizons. You will be able to take trips to exotic (异国的) destinations, meet people with different
social and moral beliefs, and gain more extensive knowledge. (一旦你能够作为一个独立的人不受他人限制地行
事，你就可以拓宽视野。你将能够前往异国他乡旅行，结识具有不同社会和道德信仰的人，并获得更广泛
的知识。)”讲述独立能让人体验更多、增长见识，空格处应说明这些经历带来的影响， F 项“In turn, this
will change how you view many aspects of your life. (反过来，这将改变你对生活许多方面的看法。)”指出这
会改变你看待生活诸多方面的方式，与下文“It might affect the way you approach decision-making, or, on a
simpler level, change your attitude to food. (这可能会对你做出决策的方式产生影响，或者从更简单的层面来
说，还会改变你对食物的看法。)”相呼应。故选F
Passage 18
（2026·甘肃·二模）
Many people love winter, but if you’re not one of them, you don’t have to. Just accept that you’ll feel down
at this time of year. 1 Here are some things you can do to open yourself up to the delights of the season.
Embrace winter-friendly slow hobbies.
Instead of wishing away winter and waiting for spring, get into the cooling weather by planning indoor
activities. For example, you can start planning some slow hobbies you can do indoors, such as baking, knitting or
painting.
2
It’s really slow and healing.
Adapt summer activities for winter.
If biking, hiking or walking on the beach brings you joy, try it in winter. If you love gardening in summer,
grow something inside.
3
4
If you feel a little blue after seeing people over the holidays, try to plan more comfortable dinners with friends or
a party. If you enjoy holiday decoration, just keep up some shining lights.And if the holidays tire you out, put aside
some time to rest and recover in January.
Make a practice of noticing nature.
5
But when people actively pay attention to their natural surroundings and notice how it makes them
feel, it significantly boosts their well-being. Take note of the birds and squirrels as you take a walk or wait for the
bus, or look at the moon or the changing sky outside your window.
A．Celebrate holidays in your way.
B．Manage your post-holiday blues.
C．Too often, we ignore the natural world in winter.
D．But when leaves begin to fall, so does your mood.
E．You can also make a list of books to read at home.
F．Learn to use winter to plan your garden for next summer.
G．But writing off wintertime means writing off a quarter of your life.
【答案】1．G 2．E 3．F 4．B 5．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了不必强迫自己喜爱冬天，也不应虚度冬日。文章给出了培养室内慢
爱好、改造夏日活动、调节节后情绪、多关注自然等享受冬日的方法。
1．根据上文“Just accept that you’ll feel down at this time of year.(接受每年这个时候你会情绪低落吧。)”和
下文“Here are some things you can do to open yourself up to the delights of the season.( 以下是一些你可以采
取的行动，帮助你更好地享受这个季节的美妙之处。)”可知，此处需要转折句，衔接“接受低落”和“不
要荒废冬天”和下文给出的建议。G 选项“But writing off wintertime means writing off a quarter of your life.
(但荒废冬日就等于荒废你生命的四分之一。)”完美承上启下，引出后文的建议。故选G 项。
2．上文“For example, you can start planning some slow hobbies you can do indoors, such as baking, knitting or
painting.( 例如，你可以开始规划一些可以在室内进行的缓慢的活动，比如烘焙、编织或者绘画。)”列举室
内慢爱好，比如烘焙、编织、绘画。可推知，此处可继续补充同类的室内活动。E 选项“You can also make
a list of books to read at home.(你也可以列一份在家阅读的书单。)”与前文的室内慢爱好并列，符合语境。
故选E 项。
3．本段主题“Adapt summer activities for winter.( 将夏季的活动调整为适合冬季进行的形式。)”提到把夏日
活动改造为冬日活动。上文“If you love gardening in summer, grow something inside.( 如果你喜欢在夏天进
行园艺活动，那就把园艺工作安排在室内进行。)”提到夏日喜欢园艺，就在室内种植。F 选项“Learn to
use winter to plan your garden for next summer.(学会利用冬天为明年夏天的花园做规划。)”承接“园艺”话
题，是夏日园艺的冬日适配版，符合主题。故选F 项。
4．下文“If you feel a little blue after seeing people over the holidays, try to plan more comfortable dinners with
friends or a party. If you enjoy holiday decoration, just keep up some shining lights. And if the holidays tire you
out, put aside some time to rest and recover in January.( 如果你在假期结束后感到有点忧郁，试着和朋友一起
安排更舒适的晚餐或者举办一个聚会。如果你喜欢节日装饰，那就继续保持一些亮丽的灯光。如果假期让
你感到疲惫，那就把一部分时间留出来，在一月份好好休息和恢复一下。)”可知，本段讲的是假期后感到
低落、疲惫，要安排舒适聚餐、休息恢复。核心是节后情绪调节。B 选项 Manage your post-holiday blues.
(应对你的节后忧郁。)精准概括本段主旨，适合做小标题。故选B 项。
5．本段主题“Make a practice of noticing nature.( 养成观察自然的习惯。)”提到练习关注自然。下文“But
when people actively pay attention to their natural surroundings and notice how it makes them feel, it significantly
boosts their well-being.( 但是，当人们积极关注自己所处的自然环境，并留意它给自己带来的感受时，这会
极大地提升他们的幸福感。)”提到当人们主动关注自然环境时，会提升幸福感。C 选项“Too often, we
ignore the natural world in winter.(我们常常在冬天忽视自然世界。)”与下文形成转折逻辑（忽视→但主动关
注就会变好），衔接顺畅。故选C 项。
Passage 19
（2026·新疆·二模）
If Someone’s Always Late: Understanding Why and How to Change
We often judge those who are always late as simply being rude. 1 . Understanding them is the first
step toward positive change.
Underlying Causes of Lateness
One well-documented cause is “time blindness,” which is the inability to accurately sense the passage of time.
It relates to the brain’s executive function and is common in people with ADHD (注意缺陷多动障碍). There are
other psychological factors leading to habitual lateness. For example, some people are late due to social anxiety,
fearing small talk if they arrive early. Others may be subconsciously rebelling against a lack of control in their lives,
stealing back minutes of personal time — a psychology similar to Revenge Bedtime Procrastination (报复性睡前
拖延症).
2
. People who feel their time is more important than others’ may give themselves permission to
be late.
3
The encouraging news is that regardless of the cause, lateness is a manageable habit. It’s suggested using
multiple time-tracking tools should be better than relying on one device.
4
. Worse still, counting only on
willpower is equally ineffective. Actually, we need to establish practical systems. For instance, using a smart watch
for alerts and having traditional clocks with hands around provides multiple time cues. Breaking tasks into a checklist
and avoiding an overcrowded schedule are equally effective strategies.
In conclusion, whether rooted in time blindness or other psychological factors, habitual lateness can be
overcome.
5
.
A．Building Supporting Systems
B．Effective Time-Tracking Devices
C．Another factor can be a person’s feeling of superiority
D．However, the causes behind habitual lateness are more complex
E．Practical approaches make reliable punctuality possible for anyone
F．Using phones alone is a sufficient and convenient timekeeping tool
G．Complete dependence on your phone for time invites more distractions
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．G 5．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了习惯性迟到的原因，并提出了克服迟到的有效方法。
1．上文“We often judge those who are always late as simply being rude. (我们常常认为那些总是迟到的人只
是不礼貌)”及下文“Understanding them is the first step toward positive change. (理解他们是迈向积极改变的第
一步。)”说明总是迟到的人并非只是不礼貌，空处承上启下，D 选项“然而，习惯性迟到背后的原因更为
复杂”中的“However”与上文构成转折，说明习惯性迟到的原因更复杂，引出下文对迟到背后原因的阐
述，符合语境。故选D。
2．上文“There are other psychological factors leading to habitual lateness. For example, some people are late
due to social anxiety, fearing small talk if they arrive early. Others may be subconsciously rebelling against a lack
of control in their lives, stealing back minutes of personal time — a psychology similar to Revenge Bedtime
Procrastination (报复性睡前拖延症). (还有其他心理因素会导致习惯性迟到。例如，有些人迟到是因为社交
焦虑，担心自己如果早到会陷入寒暄闲聊。另一些人则可能是潜意识里在反抗生活中缺乏掌控感，试图悄
悄“偷回”几分钟的个人时间——这种心理类似于报复性睡前拖延症。)”说明还有其他导致迟到的心理因
素，空处应继续阐述其他因素，C 选项“另一个因素可能是一个人的优越感”中的“Another factor”与上文
多个原因相呼应，说明优越感也是一个因素，符合语境。故选C。
3．该空位于段落开头，为小标题。下文“The encouraging news is that regardless of the cause, lateness is a
manageable habit. It’s suggested using multiple time-tracking tools should be better than relying on one device. (好
消息是，无论原因是什么，迟到都是一个可以控制的习惯。建议使用多种时间跟踪工具比依赖一种设备更
好)”说明迟到是可以控制的，需要建立一些系统，空处应引出下文对建立系统的阐述，A 选项“建立支持
系统”，能够准确概括本段主旨，可作为段落小标题。故选A。
4．上文“It’s suggested using multiple time-tracking tools should be better than relying on one device. (建议使用
多种时间跟踪工具比依赖一种设备更好)”说明不能只依赖一种设备，空处应说明只依赖一种设备的坏处，
G 选项“完全依赖手机来计时只会带来更多的干扰”说明单一使用手机的弊端，与上文形成对比，符合语
境。故选G。
5．上文“In conclusion, whether rooted in time blindness or other psychological factors, habitual lateness can be
overcome. (总之，无论是源于时间盲还是其他心理因素，习惯性迟到都是可以克服的)”总结习惯性迟到可
以被克服，空处对全文进行升华，应说明克服迟到的方法，E 选项“实用的方法使任何人都能做到可靠守
时”总结全文，呼应上文的“建立系统”和“有效策略”，强调通过可行的方法可以达到守时的目标，符
合语境。故选E。
Passage 20
（2026·内蒙古·二模）
Imagine this: You’re staring at a messy homework planner, your phone ringing with TikTok notifications,
while your best friend argues fiercely about yesterday’s basketball game. This chaotic scene is your personal battlefield
— and Sun Tzu’s 2,500-year-old strategies can bring order to the chaos. 1
Every skilled leader knows some fights consume more value than they create. Consider how classmates
sometimes form tight groups — maybe the “pop music fans” argue endlessly over which is the better singer, or certain
students exclude (排挤) others based on old bitterness. Sun Tzu would remind us: “ 2 ” Instead of joining
lunch table debates about who belongs to which group, use that energy to practice for the upcoming speech contest
or study for next week’s chemistry quiz. True battle isn’t about fitting in — it’s about choosing where to shine.
3 Let’s build a study schedule Sun Tzu would approve. Start by inspecting the “enemy territory” —
your midterm exams. If history tests emphasize essay writing, schedule daily practice just for that. Next, analyze your
weaknesses like a general studying his army’s disadvantages. Feeling sleepy during English readings? Try studying
at sunrise when your mind is sharpest. Finally, break big tasks into “mini-missions” — conquering five vocabulary
words daily feels easier than memorizing 100 at once.
Yet Sun Tzu’s deepest lesson warns that our worst enemy often stays hidden within. That phone exhausting
your study hours? It’s your Trojan Horse — a gift hiding danger. 4 Conduct a weekly self-check: Track
screen time versus homework progress. You might discover two hours daily lost to games, equal to 14 hours weekly —
enough to master a new skill.
5 . Now it is time to arm your pen with this wisdom: its true might lies not in outperforming others,
but in building a better version of you. Go rewrite your story, one strategic choice at a time.
A．Wise warriors win by avoiding pointless wars.
B．Maybe it’s time to turn self-awareness into a weapon.
C．That’s the enemy’s drumbeat trying to distract you from the course.
D．Planning separates the stressed from the strategic.
E．Let’s explore how ancient wisdom applies to modern student struggles.
F．All warfare is based on cheating.
G．True victory isn’t about beating classmates but outgrowing yesterday’s self.
【答案】1．E 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章将孙子兵法的战略智慧类比到现代学生的学习困境中，建议通过避免无
意义的消耗、制定科学计划、提高自我意识来实现个人成长。
1．前文“Imagine this: You’re staring at a messy homework planner, your phone ringing with TikTok
notifications, while your best friend argues fiercely about yesterday’s basketball game. This chaotic scene is your
personal battlefield — and Sun Tzu’s 2,500-year-old strategies can bring order to the chaos. (试着想象这样一个场
景：你正盯着一份凌乱的作业计划表，手机不断响起TikTok 的通知提示，而好友在一旁为昨天的篮球比赛
激烈争辩。这混乱的场景就是你的个人战场——而孙子2500 年前的策略，能为这混乱带来秩序。)”描述学
生面临的混乱场景，提到孙子的策略可以带来秩序，后文段落具体分析孙子的策略的应用，因此E 项
“Let’s explore how ancient wisdom applies to modern student struggles. (让我们探讨古代智慧如何应用于现代
学生的困境。)”符合语境，是承上启下的过渡句，将“古代策略”与“现代问题”关联起来。故选E。
2．前文“Consider how classmates sometimes form tight groups — maybe the “pop music fans” argue endlessly
over which is the better singer, or certain students exclude (排挤) others based on old bitterness. Sun Tzu would
remind us (看看同学们是如何形成小圈子的——或许“流行音乐迷”们会无休止地争论哪位歌手更优秀，
也可能某些学生会因为旧怨而排挤他人。孙子会提醒我们)”描述同学间无意义的争论和排外行为，引出孙
子的提醒，后文“Instead of joining lunch table debates about who belongs to which group, use that energy to
practice for the upcoming speech contest or study for next week’s chemistry quiz. (与其把精力浪费在午餐桌上争
论“谁属于哪个小团体”，不如专注练习即将到来的演讲比赛，或者复习下周的化学小测。)”建议将精力
投入到真正重要的事情中，因此A 项“Wise warriors win by avoiding pointless wars. (明智的战士通过避免无
意义的战争取胜。)”符合语境，是孙子提醒的内容，其中的“avoiding pointless wars”呼应前文的描述，且
“wise warriors”引出后文的具体建议。故选A。
3．后文“Let’s build a study schedule Sun Tzu would approve. Start by inspecting the “enemy territory” — your
midterm exams. If history tests emphasize essay writing, schedule daily practice just for that. Next, analyze your
weaknesses like a general studying his army’s disadvantages. (让我们制定一份连孙子都会认可的学习计划。首
先“侦察敌情”——摸清你的期中考试范围。如果历史考试侧重论述题，那就专门安排每日写作练习。接
着像将军分析军队短板那样，找出自己的知识薄弱环节。)”、和“Finally, break big tasks into “mini-
missions” — conquering five vocabulary words daily feels easier than memorizing 100 at once. (最终，把大任务
拆解成“小目标”——每天攻克5 个单词，远比一口气死记100 个要轻松得多。)”详细描述如何制定学习
计划，核心是“战略规划”，因此D 项“Planning separates the stressed from the strategic. (规划将压力重着
与策略者区分开来)”符合语境，说明规划的意义，可作为段首句引出后文建议，其中的“planning”和
“strategic”点明段落主旨。故选D。
4．前文“That phone exhausting your study hours? It’s your Trojan Horse — a gift hiding danger. (手机正在消耗
你的学习时间？它就像特洛伊木马——表面是礼物，暗藏危机。)”指出手机是“特洛伊木马”，是隐藏的
敌人，后文“Conduct a weekly self-check: Track screen time versus homework progress. (每周自我检查：对比
屏幕使用时间和作业进度。)”建议每周自我检查，因此B 项“Maybe it’s time to turn self-awareness into a
weapon. (或许是时候将自我意识转化为武器了。)”符合语境，起到过渡作用，其中的“self-awareness”与后
文的“a weekly self-check”呼应，“weapon”呼应“对抗隐藏敌人”的比喻。故选B。
5．后文“Now it is time to arm your pen with this wisdom: its true might lies not in outperforming others, but in
building a better version of you. Go rewrite your story, one strategic choice at a time. (现在，是时候用这份智慧
武装你的笔：它真正的力量不在于超越他人，而在于塑造一个更好的自己。以每一次策略性的选择，重写
你的人生篇章。)”总结用智慧武装自己，并指出真正的力量在于提升自我，因此G 项“True victory isn’t
about beating classmates but outgrowing yesterday’s self. (真正的胜利不是击败同学，而是超越昨天的自己。)”
符合语境，引出后文的总结，其中的“outgrowing yesterday’s self”与后文的“building a better version of
you”呼应。故选G。
Passage 21
（2026·内蒙古呼和浩特·二模）
How to Develop a Strong Work Ethic
A strong work ethic is the foundation of all meaningful labor and achievement. It is not merely about hard
work, but about purpose, commitment, and excellence. Cultivating work ethic requires conscious effort and a shift in
mindset. 1
2 Many people view work as a burden, which often leads to procrastination and half-hearted effort.
However, those with a strong work ethic see labor as an opportunity for self-improvement and contribution, knowing
that every task builds character and reliability. By reframing your perspective, you can find inner motivation beyond
external rewards.
Discipline is the basis of a solid work ethic. It means placing emphasis on responsibilities over immediate
pleasure and staying focused even when motivation declines. 3 This might involve creating a structured
schedule, eliminating distractions, or setting clear boundaries between work and leisure. True discipline is about
consistency — showing up and giving your best effort, even on difficult days.
Taking ownership of your work is another crucial element. This means not only completing assigned tasks but
also going the extra mile to ensure quality. 4 It involves anticipating problems, taking initiative, and
holding yourself responsible for the outcome. Taking pride in your labor may lead to better results and personal
growth.
Finally, embrace challenges and learn from failure. Labor is rarely smooth sailing; obstacles and mistakes are
inevitable. 5 Instead of being discouraged by setbacks, view them as valuable learning experiences. This
resilience not only strengthens your work ethic but also equips you with the mental strength to tackle greater challenges
in life.
In essence, a strong work ethic is the conscious choice to honor labor, respect effort, and strive for continuous
improvement in all that you do.
A．It starts with changing your attitude toward work.
B．It is these very difficulties that build character and competence, though.
C．This means avoiding the temptation to cut corners or do the bare minimum.
D．Developing self-discipline requires setting realistic goals and tracking progress.
E．Putting this principle into practice, however, requires several concrete strategies.
F．To build this discipline, you must learn to manage your time and energy effectively.
G．However, understanding why it matters is just as important as knowing how to develop it.
【答案】1．E 2．A 3．F 4．C 5．B
【导语】文章介绍培养良好职业道德的多种方法：转变职业道德、坚持自律、主动担当工作、直面挑战并
从失败中学习，以此实现自我提升与长远成长。
1．根据上文“A strong work ethic is the foundation of all meaningful labor and achievement. It is not merely
about hard work, but about purpose, commitment, and excellence. Cultivating work ethic requires conscious effort
and a shift in mindset.(强烈的职业道德是一切有意义劳动与成就的基石。这不仅仅指埋头苦干，更关乎目标
信念、责任担当与精益求精。培养职业道德，需要主动付出努力，同时转变思维观念。)”可知，空前讲述
培养职业道德需要刻意努力与心态转变，E 选项“然而，将这一原则付诸实践需要一系列具体的策略”承
接上文，引出下文具体方法，衔接自然。
2．根据后文“Many people view work as a burden, which often leads to procrastination and half-hearted effort.
However, those with a strong work ethic see labor as an opportunity for self-improvement and contribution,
knowing that every task builds character and reliability. By reframing your perspective, you can find inner
motivation beyond external rewards.(许多人将工作视为一种负担，这往往会导致拖延和敷衍了事。然而，那
些有着强烈工作态度的人则将劳动视为自我提升和贡献的机会，他们明白每一项任务都能塑造性格和增强
可靠性。通过重新审视自己的观点，你能够从外部奖励之外找到内在的动力)”可知，本段围绕对待工作的
不同看法展开，A 选项“它始于改变你对工作的态度”总起本段，点明首要方法是转变工作态度，契合段
落主旨。
3．根据上文“Discipline is the basis of a solid work ethic. It means placing emphasis on responsibilities over
immediate pleasure and staying focused even when motivation declines.(自律是良好职业道德的基础。它意味着
要将责任置于即时的享乐之上，并且即便在动力减弱时也能保持专注)”可知，本段核心为自律，空前介绍
自律内涵，F 选项“要培养这种自律性，你必须学会有效地管理自己的时间和精力”承接，说明培养自律
要合理管理时间与精力，呼应后文具体做法。
4．根据上文“Taking ownership of your work is another crucial element. This means not only completing
assigned tasks but also going the extra mile to ensure quality.(对自己的工作负责是另一个至关重要的要素。这
不仅意味着要完成分配给你的任务，还意味着要竭尽全力确保工作的质量)”可知，本段强调主动担当、保
证工作质量，C 选项“这意味着要避免偷工减料或只做最低限度的工作”解释认真负责、不敷衍应付，贴
合 “主动尽责” 的内容。
5．根据上文“Finally, embrace challenges and learn from failure. Labor is rarely smooth sailing; obstacles and
mistakes are inevitable.(最后，要勇敢迎接挑战，并从失败中吸取教训。工作往往并非一帆风顺，遇到的阻
碍和失误在所难免)”可知，空前指出工作难免遇阻碍与失误，B 选项“但正是这些困难塑造了你的品格和
能力”转折衔接，说明困难能塑造品格与能力，引出正确看待挫折的观点。
Passage 22
（2026·内蒙古乌兰察布·二模）
The New Year is a time when people often set resolutions to start a new hobby and exercise more. But rather
than always choose something new to do, researchers suggest maybe considering the opposite. “It’s time to reassess
at the end of the year ‘ 1 ’” says Rachit Dubey from the University of California, Los Angeles.
2 “It’s human nature to set goals because goals give us direction. Goals represent some desired
future end state,” says Dubey. But past goals may have become impractical to work toward. Maybe they feel too hard
or they just no longer match what you want for your life now.
Continuing to work toward goals that don’t fit can create guilt and stress. Worse still, the time and effort spent
trying may prevent you seeing other options. But breaking up with a goal and moving on can be messy and painful.
3
A recent study surveyed over 500 university students over nine months. In the beginning, the team asked
participants about a long-term goal they were quitting. To assess inner drive, the team asked participants to rate
statements such as, “ 4 ” Statements like “People have been telling me I have to let this goal go” assessed
outside pressures to quit. With the study progressing, the team assessed how “stuck” a person was. People who were
quitting primarily due to outside pressures tended to get more stuck than those who were self-driven.
People don’t just wake up one day, saying, “I’m done” and move on to their next adventure. But what’s clear
is that holding on to an outgrown goal can do more harm than good. 5 And finding a new path forward
may first require the courage to say, “I think I can’t.”
A．I feel torn about letting go of this goal.
B．This goal no longer reflects who I am.
C．Goals serve an important role in our lives.
D．Can I replace my past goals with new achievable ones?
E．What is something I don’t need in my life anymore?
F．So sometimes, letting go can be tougher than sticking it out.
G．Cutting ties can clear space in your life to pursue what matters to you.
【答案】1．E 2．C 3．F 4．B 5．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍新年目标设定的新观点，建议人们放弃不再适合的旧目标，而非一
味追求新目标。
1．根据前文“The New Year is a time when people often set resolutions to start a new hobby and exercise more.
But rather than always choose something new to do, researchers suggest maybe considering the opposite.(新年是
人们常常制定计划、培养新爱好、加强锻炼的时刻。但研究人员建议，与其总是选择新的事情去做，不如
考虑相反的方向。)”可知，前文提出新年不应只追求新目标，而要反向思考舍弃不再需要的事物，E 选项
“What is something I don’t need in my life anymore?(生活中还有什么是我不再需要的？)”与前文“考虑相反
方向”的观点完全契合，是年末重新评估时应思考的问题，符合语境。故选E 项。
2．根据后文““It’s human nature to set goals because goals give us direction. Goals represent some desired
future end state,” says Dubey.(杜比说：“设定目标是人的天性，因为目标能给我们方向。目标代表着某种理
想的未来最终状态。”)”可知，后文详细解释了目标对人的重要作用，C 选项“Goals serve an important
role in our lives.(目标在我们的生活中起着重要作用。)”总领本段内容，引出后文对目标重要性的具体论
述，符合语境。故选C 项。
3．根据前文“Continuing to work toward goals that don’t fit can create guilt and stress. Worse still, the time and
effort spent trying may prevent you seeing other options. But breaking up with a goal and moving on can be messy
and painful.(坚持追求不适合的目标会产生愧疚感和压力。更糟糕的是，为此付出的时间和精力可能会让你
看不到其他选择。但放弃一个目标并继续前行可能是混乱且痛苦的。)”可知，前文既说了坚持旧目标的危
害，又强调了放弃目标的痛苦，F 选项“So sometimes, letting go can be tougher than sticking it out.(所以有时
候，放手比坚持下去更难。)”是对前文内容的总结，突出放弃目标的难度，符合语境。故选F 项。
4．根据前文“To assess inner drive, the team asked participants to rate statements such as,(为了评估内在动力，
研究团队让参与者对诸如这样的陈述进行评分)”以及后文“Statements like “People have been telling me I
have to let this goal go” assessed outside pressures to quit.(像“人们一直告诉我我必须放弃这个目标”这样的
陈述用来评估放弃的外部压力。)”可知，此空需要填写代表内在主动放弃的句子，B 选项“This goal no
longer reflects who I am.(这个目标不再符合我现在的样子。)”是发自内心的判断，属于内在驱动力，与后文
外部压力形成对应，符合语境。故选B 项。
5．根据前文“But what’s clear is that holding on to an outgrown goal can do more harm than good.(但显而易见
的是，坚持一个已经过时的目标弊大于利。)”可知，前文指出死守不再适合的旧目标没有好处，G 选项
“Cutting ties can clear space in your life to pursue what matters to you.(放弃旧目标能为你的生活腾出空间，去
追求对你真正重要的事情。)”说明了放弃旧目标的积极意义，与前文形成逻辑衔接，符合语境。故选G
项。
Passage 23
（2026·四川达州·二诊）
Understanding articles on cutting-edge technology, such as artificial intelligence or quantum (量子) computing,
demands targeted strategies as follows that go far beyondgeneral reading comprehension skills.
● Preview to Identify Structure
Before focusing on a close reading, invest time in previewing the entire article. Note all section headings and
their logical order. This initial mapping is not merely passive viewing; it actively prepares your mind to follow the
author’s logical framework, whether it presents a cause-effect chain, or a problem-solution model. 1
● Question the Evidence and Data
Merely understanding the surface claim of a technological breakthrough is far from sufficient for true
comprehension.
2
You must develop a habit of checking the data sources, sample sizes, and the presence
of control groups. This critical method, questioning how conclusions are reached, is what separates an informed
reader from one who simply accepts information at face value, especially when findings seem revolutionary.
●
3
Beyond the stated facts and figures, a deeper layer of understanding involves analyzing the author’s perspective
and intention.
4
Is the language overstating, cautiously optimistic, or objective? Identifying these tiny
differences, including the choice of persuasive adjectives or the structure of argumentation, reveals the intended
influence on the reader and provides crucial context for evaluating the information’s objectivity and potential bias.
● Integrate and Seek Connections
Finally, to move from separate facts to integrated knowledge, actively connect this new information to your
existing mental models.
5
Does this new discovery confirm, challenge, or entirely expand upon established
principles? Engaging in this process, that is, asking how it fits into the broader scientific or technological landscape,
transforms an individual data point into meaningful, long-lasting understanding and insight.
A．Analyze how the writer starts.
B．A doubting approach is essential.
C．Explore the writer’s hidden information.
D．This means relating it to known principles.
E．Grasping the core argument precisely is the first goal.
F．Telling fact reporting from persuading intention comes first.
G．Understanding this outline is fundamental for further reading.
【答案】1．G 2．B 3．C 4．F 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了理解前沿科技文章的四条针对性阅读策略。
1．由上文“Before focusing on a close reading, invest time in previewing the entire article. Note all section
headings and their logical order. This initial mapping is not merely passive viewing; it actively prepares your mind
to follow the author’s logical framework, whether it presents a cause-effect chain, or a problem-solution model.(在
开始精读之前，花时间预览整篇文章。注意所有的小节标题及其逻辑顺序。这种初步的梳理并非被动的浏
览，而是主动让你的大脑做好准备，去跟上作者的逻辑框架，无论是因果链条还是问题——解决模式。)”
可知，本段主要讲述预览文章结构的重要性，G 选项“Understanding this outline is fundamental for further
reading.(理解这个大纲是进一步阅读的基础。)”能承接上文，符合题意，该选项中的“this outline”与上文的
“section headings and their logical order”及“logical framework”相呼应。故选G。
2．由上文“Merely understanding the surface claim of a technological breakthrough is far from sufficient for true
comprehension.(仅仅理解一项技术突破的表面主张，远不足以实现真正的理解。)”以及下文“You must
develop a habit of checking the data sources, sample sizes, and the presence of control groups. This critical method,
questioning how conclusions are reached, is what separates an informed reader from one who simply accepts
information at face value, especially when findings seem revolutionary.(你必须养成检查数据来源、样本量和对
照组是否存在的习惯。这种质疑结论如何得出的批判性方法，正是有见识的读者与只会被动接受表面信息
的读者的区别所在，尤其是当研究结果看起来具有革命性时。)”可知，本段强调要对文中的证据和数据保
持质疑态度，B 选项“A doubting approach is essential.(质疑的态度至关重要。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该
选项中的“doubting approach”与下文的“checking the data sources”及“questioning how conclusions are
reached”相呼应。故选B。
3．由下文“Beyond the stated facts and figures, a deeper layer of understanding involves analyzing the author’s
perspective and intention.(除了明确陈述的事实和数据之外，更深层次的理解还包括分析作者的观点和意
图。)”可知，本段主要讲述分析作者的视角与意图，识别其潜在倾向，C 选项“Explore the writer’s hidden
information.(探究作者的隐含信息。)”能概括本段内容，作为小标题符合题意，该选项中的“hidden
information”与下文的“author’s perspective and intention”相呼应。故选C。
4．由上文“Beyond the stated facts and figures, a deeper layer of understanding involves analyzing the author’s
perspective and intention.(除了明确陈述的事实和数据之外，更深层次的理解还包括分析作者的观点和意
图。)”以及下文“Is the language overstating, cautiously optimistic, or objective? Identifying these tiny
differences, including the choice of persuasive adjectives or the structure of argumentation, reveals the intended
influence on the reader and provides crucial context for evaluating the information’s objectivity and potential bias.
(语言是夸大其词、谨慎乐观还是客观中立？识别这些细微差异，包括说服性形容词的选择或论证结构，能
揭示作者对读者的预期影响，并为评估信息的客观性和潜在偏见提供关键背景。)”可知，本空要承接上文
“分析作者的视角与意图”，引出下文对语言风格、论证方式的分析，F 选项“Telling fact reporting from
persuading intention comes first.(首先要区分事实陈述与说服性意图。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的
“fact reporting”对应上文的“stated facts and figures”，“persuading intention”对应下文的“persuasive
adjectives”及“intended influence”。故选F。
5．由上文“Finally, to move from separate facts to integrated knowledge, actively connect this new information
to your existing mental models.(最后，要从零散的事实走向整合的知识，主动将这些新信息与你已有的思维
模型联系起来。)”以及下文“Does this new discovery confirm, challenge, or entirely expand upon established
principles?(这一新发现是证实、挑战还是彻底拓展了既定原则？)”可知，本空要承接上文“将新信息与已
有知识联系起来”，引出下文对“既定原则”的探讨，D 选项“This means relating it to known principles.
(这意味着将它与已知的原则联系起来。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“relating it to known
principles”与上文的“connect this new information to your existing mental models”以及下文的“established
principles”相呼应。故选D。
Passage 24
（2026·四川广元·二测）
The tradition of oral storytelling has a long history. Nowadays, with so many advanced audio and visual media
around, storytelling might seem like a forgotten art. 1
Volunteer your storytelling ability whenever you can. Often, the beginning of a professional storytelling career
involves many free performances at public events. By volunteering at a local library, community day care, café,
charity or other venues, an amateur storyteller can gain the experience needed to perfect their craft and become a
professional storyteller. 2
Start a storytelling club or event. If there aren’t many storytelling events or places near you, take the initiative
and find your own. Suggest hosting a “Public Story Hour” at your local library or coffee shop. Give your story event a
theme. 3 For example, you can ask for stories based on specific topics like “romance”, “sea adventures”
or “fun with technology”.
Get involved. 4 Whether you attend as a participant or as a member of the audience, take advantage of
the opportunity to learn. Listening to others can sharpen your skills and inspire you to find new stories of your own.
Industry conferences are also excellent platforms for performing and professional growth.
5 Read both fiction and nonfiction with purpose, thinking about what makes a story memorable.
Memoirs are especially helpful — they teach you how to shape personal experiences into engaging stories. Reading
guides about storytelling can help you improve your delivery, master pacing and understand what makes a story work
well.
A．Read a lot.
B．Choose memorable stories.
C．The more you practice, the more perfect you will be.
D．This can attract specific audience and inspire new ideas.
E．Practicing alone is more important than performing in public.
F．Storyteller groups hold activities and festivals all over the country.
G．Actually, there are opportunities for you to become a professional storyteller.
【答案】1．G 2．C 3．D 4．F 5．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍在视听媒体发达的当下，口述并未被遗忘，并给出成为专业讲故事
者的几条具体建议
1．根据上文“Nowadays, with so many advanced audio and visual media around, storytelling might seem like a
forgotten art.(如今，周围有这么多先进的视听媒体，讲故事似乎成了一门被遗忘的艺术)”以及下文介绍的成
为专业讲故事者的建议可知，此处应转折，说明仍有成为专业讲故事者的机会，G 选项“Actually, there are
opportunities for you to become a professional storyteller.(事实上，你有机会成为一名专业的讲故事者)”既呼应
上文“被遗忘的艺术”，又引出下文的具体建议，符合语境。故选G 项。
2．根据上文“By volunteering at a local library, community day care, café, charity or other venues, an amateur
storyteller can gain the experience needed to perfect their craft and become a professional storyteller.(通过在当地
图书馆、社区日托所、咖啡馆、慈善机构或其他场所做志愿者，业余讲故事者可以获得完善自己技艺并成
为专业讲故事者所需的经验)”可知，此处应体现“练习”对提升技艺的重要性，C 选项“The more you
practice, the more perfect you will be.(你练习得越多，就会越完美)”中的practice 呼应上文的volunteering、
gain the experience，符合语境。故选C 项。
3．根据上文 “Give your story event a theme.(给你的故事活动定一个主题)”以及下文“For example, you can
ask for stories based on specific topics like “romance”, “sea adventures” or “fun with technology”.(例如，你可以
要求基于特定主题的故事，如“浪漫”、“海上冒险”或“科技乐趣”)”可知，此处应说明定主题的好
处，D 选项“This can attract specific audience and inspire new ideas.(这可以吸引特定的观众并激发新的想
法)”中的This 指代上文“定主题”，下文的例子则具体印证了“特定观众”和“新想法”，符合语境。故
选D 项。
4．根据上文“Get involved.(参与其中)”以及下文“Whether you attend as a participant or as a member of the
audience, take advantage of the opportunity to learn.(无论你是以参与者还是观众的身份参加，都要利用这个机
会学习)”可知，此处应介绍可以参与的相关活动，F 选项“Storyteller groups hold activities and festivals all
over the country.(讲故事者团体在全国各地举办活动和节日)”既呼应 Get involved，又为下文 attend as a
participant or audience 提供了具体场景，符合语境。故选F 项。
5．根据下文“Read both fiction and nonfiction with purpose, thinking about what makes a story memorable.(有
目的地阅读小说和非虚构作品，思考是什么让一个故事令人难忘)”可知，此处应是一个总结性的建议，即
“多阅读”，A 选项 “Read a lot.(多阅读)”点明主题，下文的内容均围绕“阅读”展开，符合语境。故选
A 项。
Passage 25
（2026·四川南充·二诊）
As a seven-time Olympic medalist, Beard tried traditional meditation (冥想) in her training. This practice
requires stillness and quiet, asking people to sit with their thoughts and turn inward. 1 That was because
she failed to grasp its true meaning and even considered it totally unsuitable for her active, easily distracted
personality.
After her retirement, Beard found walking meditation accidentally. She walked outdoors with relaxed steps
while listening to her favourite music, which instantly brought her a sense of peace in the chaos of daily life. This
immediate sense of calm convinced her to explore walking meditation further. 2
Walking meditation is not only helpful for athletes but also easy for common people. Its simplicity and
flexibility are major advantages for newcomers. 3 The key is a slow, steady pace and a conscious focus
on the immediate experience — the feel of the ground, the touch of the air, and the sounds of your surroundings,
anywhere from parks to neighborhoods.
Furthermore, walking meditation benefits physical and mental health. Physically, it improves balance,
strengthens leg muscles and stabilizes heart rate, supporting overall fitness. Mentally, it clears the mind, eases worry,
and encourages a more positive outlook. 4 It does this by promoting the release of pleasure-inducing
hormones such as dopamine. Long-term practice can also help develop a stronger mentality to deal with life’s
difficulties.
5 Different from traditional meditation, it replaces total physical stillness with gentle movement
while maintaining mental focus. This combination of movement and focus makes it a unique form of meditation.
A．Traditional meditation requires patience.
B．Even a short-time practice can lift your spirits.
C．However, as an active person, she gave it up later.
D．Therefore, practicing it requires professional qualification.
E．It demands neither special equipment nor a dedicated space.
F．It then gradually became a daily habit, relieving her long - term anxiety.
G．Walking meditation offers a good choice for those who cannot keep still.
【答案】1．C 2．F 3．E 4．B 5．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。以奥运选手比尔德的经历为例，介绍了行走冥想这种新型冥想方式，说明了
它的特点、优势以及对身心健康的益处。
1．根据上文“This practice requires stillness and quiet, asking people to sit with their thoughts and turn inward.
(这种练习要求静止和安静，让人们静下来面对自己的想法并向内审视。)”可知，前文介绍传统冥想的特
点，结合下文“That was because she failed to grasp its true meaning and even considered it totally unsuitable for
her active, easily distracted personality.(那是因为她无法理解它的真正意义，甚至认为它完全不适合自己活
跃、容易分心的性格。)”可知，此处需要表达她放弃了传统冥想。C 选项(然而，作为一个好动的人，她后
来放弃了。)承接上文且与下文构成因果关系，符合语境。故选C 项。
2．根据上文“This immediate sense of calm convinced her to explore walking meditation further.(这种即时的平
静感让她决定进一步探索行走冥想。)”可知，前文讲她开始深入尝试行走冥想，空处需要说明后续带来的
效果。F 选项(后来，它逐渐成为一种日常习惯，缓解了她长期的焦虑。)承接上文的探索行为，体现行走
冥想给她带来的积极改变，符合语境。故选F 项。
3．根据上文“Its simplicity and flexibility are major advantages for newcomers.(它的简单和灵活对初学者来说
是主要优势。)”可知，本段强调行走冥想简单易操作，空处需要具体解释其简单之处。E 选项(它既不需要
特殊设备，也不需要专门的场地。)对应前文的simplicity and flexibility，具体说明入门简单，符合语境。
故选E 项。
4．根据上文“Mentally, it clears the mind, eases worry, and encourages a more positive outlook.(心理上，它能
理清思绪、缓解焦虑，并让人拥有更积极的心态。)”可知，前文讲行走冥想对心理的好处，结合下文“It
does this by promoting the release of pleasure-inducing hormones such as dopamine.(它通过促进多巴胺等让人愉
悦的激素释放来做到这一点。)”可知，空处需要说明情绪上的提升。B 选项(即使是短时间练习也能振奋情
绪。)承接上文的心理益处，并引出下文激素带来愉悦感的解释，符合语境。故选B 项。
5．根据下文“Different from traditional meditation, it replaces total physical stillness with gentle movement
while maintaining mental focus.(与传统冥想不同，它用温和的动作代替完全的身体静止，同时保持精神专
注。)”可知，本段对比行走冥想与传统冥想，突出其适合静不下来的人。G 选项(行走冥想为那些无法保持
静止的人提供了一个好选择。)总领本段，引出下文与传统冥想的对比，符合语境。故选G 项。
Passage 26
（2026·四川·二模）
Confidence is a quality that can be highly beneficial in life. You may believe that confidence is something
people are born with, and you either have it or you don’t. 1 Self-confidence is something you can develop.
According to Psychology Today, confidence can be nurtured (培养), and it is possible to build it and let it
grow at any given time in your life. It is true that some people have an easier time with this than others, but don’t let
that discourage you. 2
So where do you start? You start, according to a blog on Psych Central, with self-acceptance. Being honest
with yourself and practicing self-love and self-acceptance is what it is all about. There is nothing to achieve from
pretending and there are no easy paths to success. 3
The good news is that it’s up to you. Sit with yourself, meditate and journal (冥想和记日记). Think about
your strengths and weaknesses, who you are and who you aren’t. Get to know yourself better. And be kind to yourself,
like you would be kind to others. 4 You may even start to notice a change in how you connect with others.
Because someone who is at peace with themselves and has confidence, according to Inc Magazine, is able to have
compassion (同情) towards others.
Sometimes when working towards a goal, getting some additional help can play an important role. 5
People that know you well and are there for you can be helpful when you need a reminder of who you are and how
unique, special and loved you are.
Remember that building confidence is a journey. There isn’t necessarily a destination or an end goal. Accept
yourself and be proud of who you are.
A．This needs lots of practices.
B．That’s not necessarily true.
C．You should let go of perfection.
D．These practices can be beneficial.
E．You can benefit from talking to others.
F．It’s a muscle that can be strengthened and worked on.
G．It’s about where you came from and how far you’ve come.
【答案】1．B 2．F 3．A 4．D 5．E
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了培养自信的方法。
1．空格前的句子“You may believe that confidence is something people are born with, and you either have it or
you don’t. (你可能认为自信是与生俱来的，你要么有，要么没有。)”提到，你可能认为自信是与生俱来
的，空格后的句子“Self-confidence is something you can develop.(自信是可以培养的。)”说自信是可以培养
的，所以空格处的句子应该否定上一句的观点，所以B 项“That’s not necessarily true.(这并不一定正确。)”
符合语境。故选B 项。
2．空格前的句子“It is true that some people have an easier time with this than others, but don’t let that
discourage you.(的确，有些人比其他人更容易做到这一点，但不要因此而气馁。)”是说，不要认为比其他
人困难而气馁，空格处的句子应该解释原因，所以F 项“It’s a muscle that can be strengthened and worked
on.(这是一块可以加强和锻炼的肌肉)”符合语境。故选F 项。
3．根据空格处的句子“There is nothing to achieve from pretending and there are no easy paths to success.(假装
什么也得不到，通往成功的道路也没有捷径。)”可知，通往成功的道路也没有捷径，所以需要练习，所以
A 项“This needs lots of practices.(这需要大量的练习。)”符合语境。故选A 项。
4．空格前的句子“Sit with yourself, meditate and journal. Think about your strengths and weaknesses, who you
are and who you aren’t. Get to know yourself better. And be kind to yourself, like you would be kind to others.(自
己坐下来，冥想，写日记。想想你的优点和缺点，你是谁，你不是谁。更好地了解自己。善待自己，就像
善待别人一样。)”是培养自信的方法，空格后的句子“You may even start to notice a change in how you
connect with others.(你甚至可能开始注意到你与他人交往的方式发生了变化。)”提到这样做的好处，空格处
的句子也应该是提到这样练习的好处，所以D 项“These practices can be beneficial.(这些做法是有益的。)”
符合语境。故选D 项。
5．根据空格前的句子“Sometimes when working towards a goal, getting some additional help can play an
important role.(有时候，在朝着一个目标努力的过程中，获得一些额外的帮助会起到重要的作用。)”和空格
后的句子“People that know you well and are there for you can be helpful when you need a reminder of who you
are and how unique, special and loved you are.(当你需要提醒自己你是谁，你是多么的独特、特别和被爱的时
候，了解你的人会帮助你。)”可知，空格处的句子应该说“和其他人交流，得到他人的帮助”，所以，E
项“You can benefit from talking to others.(你可以从与他人交谈中获益。)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选E
项。
Passage 27
（2026·四川宜宾·二诊）
Ever feel like you just put something down and can’t remember where? Or that your reactions aren’t quite as
sharp as they used to be? Don’t worry — you’re not necessarily getting older; your brain might just be telling you
it’s time to get moving. 1
When we think of exercise, running or walking usually comes to mind. But the real game-changer for keeping
your brain young is resistance training, a strength training. 2 A recent study found that sticking with
resistance training for a year could make your brain up to 2-3 years younger.
Here are five simple resistance exercises you can do at home: Wall sit, Calf raise, Wall push-up，Glute bridge,
Dumbbell shoulder press (water bottles work great, too!) 3
To get the most out of your resistance training, keep these four tips in mind.
Breathe naturally — Avoid holding your breath during exercise.
4
It also ensures your muscles
receive enough oxygen when you need them most.
Find the right intensity — You should feel tired but able to recover by the next day. Too easy training won’t bring
results; too much may cause injury.
Stay consistent — Aim for 2-3 sessions per week to let your muscles recover and rebuild gradually.
5
Listen to your body — Skip workouts when sick. If you feel chest pain, dizziness, or unusual joint pain
during exercise, stop immediately and seek help if needed.
A．It’s also important to consult your coach.
B．In fact, even simple activities can improve your memory.
C．It involves working your muscles against a weight or force.
D．This helps prevent dizziness and keeps your blood pressure stable.
E．But did you know that the type of exercise you choose matters greatly?
F．The real benefits come from long-term habits, not short bursts of effort.
G．These exercises require no special equipment and can be done anytime.
【答案】1．E 2．C 3．G 4．D 5．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了通过阻力训练来保持大脑年轻的方法，并介绍了相关训练动
作及注意事项。
1．上文“Don’t worry — you’re not necessarily getting older; your brain might just be telling you it’s time to get
moving.(别担心——你不一定是变老了，你的大脑可能只是在提醒你是时候动起来了)”指出大脑状态变差
需要运动。空后引出具体的运动类型“resistance training(抗阻训练)”。空处起到转折过渡作用，点明运动
类型的重要性。选项E“But did you know that the type of exercise you choose matters greatly?(但你知道你选择
的运动类型至关重要吗？)”符合语境，引出下文对特定运动的介绍，与上下文衔接流畅。故选E。
2．上文“But the real game-changer for keeping your brain young is resistance training, a strength training.(但让
大脑保持年轻的真正关键是抗阻训练，也就是力量训练)”提出抗阻训练这一核心概念。空处需要对该概念
进行解释说明。选项C“It involves working your muscles against a weight or force.(它需要让肌肉对抗重量或
外力)”是对抗阻训练的定义阐释，其中“It”指代前文的“resistance training”，衔接紧密，符合语境。故选
C。
3．上文“Here are five simple resistance exercises you can do at home: Wall sit, Calf raise, Wall push-up, Glute
bridge, Dumbbell shoulder press (water bottles work great, too!)(这里有五个你可以在家做的简单抗阻动作：靠
墙静蹲、提踵、靠墙俯卧撑、臀桥、哑铃肩推，用水瓶也可以)”列举了居家抗阻动作。空处承接上文，说
明这些动作的优势。选项G“These exercises require no special equipment and can be done anytime.（这些动作
不需要特殊器械，随时都能做)”中“These exercises”指代前文列举的动作，贴合居家训练的语境，衔接自
然。故选G。
4．上文“Breathe naturally — Avoid holding your breath during exercise.(自然呼吸——运动时避免憋气)”给出
呼吸建议。空后“It also ensures your muscles receive enough oxygen when you need them most.(这还能确保肌
肉在最需要的时候获得充足氧气)”中“It”指代空处内容，说明自然呼吸的好处。选项D“This helps prevent
dizziness and keeps your blood pressure stable.(这有助于预防头晕，稳定血压)”紧承上文，阐述正确呼吸的益
处，与后文的“also”形成递进关系，符合语境。故选D。
5．上文“Stay consistent — Aim for 2-3 sessions per week to let your muscles recover and rebuild gradually.(保
持坚持——目标是每周训练2-3 次，让肌肉逐渐恢复和重塑)”强调训练要持之以恒。空处进一步解释坚持
的意义。选项F“The real benefits come from long-term habits, not short bursts of effort.(真正的益处来自长期习
惯，而非短暂的努力)”紧扣“consistent”这一核心，深化坚持训练的观点，与前文逻辑一致。故选F。
Passage 28
（2026·陕西渭南·二测）
Between soccer practices, music lessons and school projects, many families find themselves questioning
whether there’s time or even a need for their children to do chores at home. But according to Elizabeth Harris, a child
and adolescent psychologist, asking kids to pitch in around the house can have powerful lifelong benefits.
Chores are not just about keeping a house clean. 1 One thing that often surprises parents is how
chores build empathy. When kids understand what it takes to maintain a home, they become more aware of and
grateful for what others do for them. That kind of perspective can be a game-changer in emotional development.
2 During the school year, kids thrive on routine. But during vacations, that structure often disappears.
Adding a few regular responsibilities, especially ones the child helps choose, can provide much-needed rhythm and
stability.
Assigning regular household duties can also enhance children’s cognitive development. 3 They
develop stronger working memory, better emotional regulation and more mental flexibility. These are foundational
skills not just for success in school, but in life.
So when should a kid start? As early as preschool. Younger children love to feel capable. Simple tasks like
cleaning up toys or wiping and setting the table foster autonomy. 4 They include maintaining their room,
helping cook meals and managing pet care. Harris encourages parents to frame these not as punishments, but as
opportunities to grow. 5 But when there’s room, lean into those opportunities. Kids don’t need to do
everything, but they should do something. Giving children and teens consistent, age-appropriate chores is one of the
simplest and most effective ways to help them grow into responsible, capable adults.
A．The benefits go even deeper.
B．Chores also reinforce structure.
C．When life gets busy, it’s okay to pull back.
D．These are skills that serve them well, far into adulthood.
E．Kids who have chores are typically better self-managers.
F．For older children and teens, tasks can become more complex.
G．Children who have age-appropriate chores develop stronger relationships.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．E 4．F 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了让孩子做家务的多种好处，并给出了不同年龄段孩子的家务
建议。
1．由上文“Chores are not just about keeping a house clean.(做家务不仅仅是保持房子干净。)”以及下文
“One thing that often surprises parents is how chores build empathy.(一件常让父母惊讶的事是家务如何培养同
理心。)”可知，本空要表达家务带来的更深远的益处。A 选项“The benefits go even deeper.(好处还不止这
些。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“benefits”与下文的“build empathy”及“emotional
development”相呼应。故选A。
2．由下文“During the school year, kids thrive on routine. But during vacations, that structure often disappears.
Adding a few regular responsibilities, especially ones the child helps choose, can provide much-needed rhythm and
stability.(在学年期间，孩子们在规律中茁壮成长。但在假期里，这种结构往往会消失。增加一些常规的责
任，尤其是孩子自己选择的，能提供急需的节奏和稳定性。)”可知，本段主要讲述了家务能帮助孩子建立
规律与秩序。B 选项“Chores also reinforce structure.(家务也能强化秩序感。)”能概括本段内容，符合题
意，该选项中的“structure”与下文的“routine”及“rhythm and stability”相呼应。故选B。
3．由上文“Assigning regular household duties can also enhance children’s cognitive development.(分配常规家
务也能促进儿童的认知发展。)”以及下文“They develop stronger working memory, better emotional regulation
and more mental flexibility.(他们会发展出更强的工作记忆、更好的情绪调节能力和更强的思维灵活性。)”可
知，本空要说明做家务对孩子能力的积极影响。E 选项“Kids who have chores are typically better self-
managers.(做家务的孩子通常更擅长自我管理。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“better self-
managers”与下文的“stronger working memory, better emotional regulation and more mental flexibility”相呼
应。故选E。
4．由上文“Younger children love to feel capable. Simple tasks like cleaning up toys or wiping and setting the
table foster autonomy.(年幼的孩子喜欢有能力的感觉。像整理玩具、擦桌子和摆餐具这样的简单任务能培养
自主性。)”以及下文“They include maintaining their room, helping cook meals and managing pet care.(它们包
括整理自己的房间、帮忙做饭和照顾宠物。)”可知，本空要引出年龄稍大的孩子可做的更复杂的家务。F
选项“For older children and teens, tasks can become more complex.(对于年龄较大的孩子和青少年，任务可以
变得更复杂。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“older children and teens”与上文的“Younger children”
形成对比，“more complex”与下文“stronger working memory, better emotional regulation and more mental
flexibility”相呼应。故选F。
5．由下文“But when there’s room, lean into those opportunities.(但当有时间的时候，要抓住这些机会。)”可
知，本空要表达生活忙碌时可以适当减少家务的内容。C 选项“When life gets busy, it’s okay to pull back.(当
生活忙碌时，减少一些家务也没关系。)”能承接下文，符合题意，该选项中的“When life gets busy”与下文
的“when there’s room”形成转折关系，“pull back”与下文的“lean into those opportunities”相呼应。故选
C。
Passage 29
（2026·陕西咸阳·二测）
How to Make Your Neighborhood a Better Place
Creating a better neighborhood will bring advantages, including boosted housing values and a more enjoyable
residential experience. However, bettering your neighborhood is a relatively complicated task. 1 Fortunately,
with some work and some thought, you’ll be on the road to making your neighborhood a better place.
2
A great way to build a good neighborhood is to start with your home. Basic maintenance is a great way of
creating the impression that your neighborhood is a good place to live. If you skip your home maintenance, you’ll
send the impression that you don’t care about your neighborhood or your neighbors.
Make friends with your neighbors.
Building genuine connections with those around you is foundational to fostering a nicer neighborhood. People
who know and care for the people in their neighborhood will be more likely to take extra steps to better their
community.
3
Host an annual block party or barbecue.
Organizing a yearly neighborhood gathering is a fantastic way to strengthen community bonds. Beyond being a
fun event, it’ll get everyone out and interacting.
4
Invite everyone in your neighborhood. Also, you can
ask your neighbors and others in the neighborhood to help you plan it.
Do random acts of kindness for your neighbors.
Small, unexpected acts of generosity can transform the atmosphere of your neighborhood. If one of your
neighbors is sick, bring them soup. If someone’s family member has passed away, visit them and comfort them. If
you know someone is hurting financially, offer to cover their household bill one month.
5
By doing so,
your neighbors will come to believe that you care for them and the community.
A．Maintain your home.
B．Make necessary repairs to your home.
C．Whatever it is, no matter how small it is, just do it.
D．It calls for not only personal effort but also neighborly cooperation.
E．A warm hello or a small welcome gift for new arrivals goes a long way.
F．If your neighbor watches over your children, show your sincere gratitude.
G．This will help build a better neighborhood and a stronger sense of community.
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．E 4．G 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍改善社区环境的几种方法，包括维护房屋、结交邻居、举办聚会和
友善互助等。
1．根据前文“However, bettering your neighborhood is a relatively complicated task.(然而，改善你的社区是一
项相对复杂的任务。)”可知，前文提出改善社区难度较高，此空应进一步说明这项任务的要求，D 选项“It
calls for not only personal effort but also neighborly cooperation.(它不仅需要个人努力，还需要邻里合作。)”承
接前文对任务复杂性的描述，符合语境。故选D 项。
2．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题，与其他段落相同，应为祈使句，根据空后的“A great way to
build a good neighborhood is to start with your home. Basic maintenance is a great way of creating the impression
that your neighborhood is a good place to live.(打造一个好社区的好方法是从你的家开始。基础维护是让社区
看起来宜居的好方法。)”可知，本段核心是维护好自己的房屋，A 选项“Maintain your home.(维护你的房
屋。)”为祈使句，能概括本段主题，适合作小标题。故选A 项。
3．根据前文“Building genuine connections with those around you is foundational to fostering a nicer
neighborhood. People who know and care for the people in their neighborhood will be more likely to take extra
steps to better their community.(与周围的人建立真诚的联系是营造更好社区的基础。了解并关心邻居的人更
有可能为改善社区付出额外努力。)”可知，本段讲与邻居建立联结，此空应给出具体友好做法，E 选项“A
warm hello or a small welcome gift for new arrivals goes a long way.(对新邻居一句热情的问候或一份小欢迎礼
物都会大有帮助。)”承接前文，举例说明友好行为，符合语境。故选E 项。
4．根据前文“Organizing a yearly neighborhood gathering is a fantastic way to strengthen community bonds.
Beyond being a fun event, it’ll get everyone out and interacting.(组织一年一度的社区聚会是加强社区纽带的好
方法。除了有趣之外，它还能让每个人都走出家门互动。)”可知，前文介绍举办社区聚会的好处，此空应
总结其积极作用，G 选项“This will help build a better neighborhood and a stronger sense of community.(这将
有助于打造更好的社区和更强的社区归属感。)”承接前文，点明聚会的意义，符合语境。故选G 项。
5．根据前文“If one of your neighbors is sick, bring them soup. If someone’s family member has passed away,
visit them and comfort them. If you know someone is hurting financially, offer to cover their household bill one
month.(如果有邻居生病，给他们送汤。如果有人家人去世，去看望并安慰他们。如果你知道有人经济困
难，主动帮他们付一个月的家用账单。)”可知，前文列举了多种善意小事，此空应进行总结鼓励，C 选项
“Whatever it is, no matter how small it is, just do it.(无论是什么事，无论多小，尽管去做。)”承接前文的举
例，鼓励践行善意，符合语境。故选C 项。
Passage 30
（2026·陕西宝鸡·二模）
Stuck doing all the household chores? This practical guide can help.
In many households, one person shoulders the brunt of the chores and childcare. 1 If we divide
domestic tasks fairly, it can help reduce stress at home and give back precious time to each member of the
household.
1. List every chore and errand (差事)
The first thing you want to do is list out each and every task required to manage the home. Do it in a place
that’s easy for everyone to see and access: a shared notes app, a spreadsheet or a whiteboard, for example. Include
essential tasks like washing dishes or taking the kids to school and errands like grocery shopping or picking up the
dry cleaning.
2
1. Assign the tasks
When it comes to splitting up the housework, nothing is ever equal. Here are some helpful tips on how to
assign chores:
3
If you have chores and workflows in place that are already working for you and your partner or
roommate, don’t worry about reassigning them. Continue doing the tasks that bring you joy, whether it’s cooking
dinner or folding the laundry.
Share the load on burdensome tasks. No one should have to be responsible for one task forever, especially if
it’s unpleasant.
4
It’s things like nighttime baby care or picking up dog poop in the backyard. That could
mean taking turns on the task or agreeing to do that chore together.
Consider your housemate or partner’s circumstances for the week. Are this week’s conference calls completely
at odds with your carpool schedule? Does your roommate need a bit of a break?
1. Be fully responsible for your duties
Lastly — if you’ re in charge of a household chore, take full ownership of it.
5
It’s your
responsibility to account for what you need. Your partner and household are depending on you.
When everyone does their part to keep the household running smoothly, you can free up more time.
A．Own the tasks you love.
B．But it doesn’t have to be this way.
C．Reassign routines with great joy.
D．Don’t expect others to pick up the slack if you can’t complete the task.
E．Find a way to assign the most time-consuming or least-favorite tasks.
F．Instead of listing all chores, sort them into “daily chores” and “weekly errands”.
G．Don’t forget to add tasks that might be less visible, like writing thank you cards.
【答案】1．B 2．G 3．A 4．E 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了合理安排家务活的方法。
1．根据上文“In many households, one person shoulders the brunt of the chores and childcare.(在许多家庭中，
家务和育儿的重担由一人承担。)”和下文“If we divide domestic tasks fairly, it can help reduce stress at home
and give back precious time to each member of the household.(如果我们公平地分配家务，这有助于减轻家庭中
的压力，并为每个家庭成员腾出宝贵的时间。)”可知，空处与上文之间应为转折关系，说明家务和育儿的
重担不应由一人承担；故选项B. But it doesn’t have to be this way.(但情况并非一定如此。)否定了上文提到
的现象，引出了下文公平分配家务的做法，符合语境。故选B。
2．根据上文“Do it in a place that’s easy for everyone to see and access: a shared notes app, a spreadsheet or a
whiteboard, for example. Include essential tasks like washing dishes or taking the kids to school and errands like
grocery shopping or picking up the dry cleaning.(把它写在大家都能方便看到和接触到的地方，比如共享笔记
应用、电子表格或白板。把诸如洗碗、送孩子上学之类的必要任务以及诸如买菜、取干洗之类的杂事都包
括在内。)”和该段主题句“List every chore and errand (差事)(列出每项家务和差事)”可知，空处为该段尾
句，应该补充说明应该列出的家务活或任务；故选项G. Don’t forget to add tasks that might be less visible,
like writing thank you cards.(别忘了添加一些可能不太显眼的任务，比如写感谢卡之类的。)在上文的基础
上，提醒人们不要忘记列出一些不太显眼的任务，符合语境。故选G。
3．空处为段落主题句，根据下文中的“Continue doing the tasks that bring you joy, whether it’s cooking dinner
or folding the laundry.(继续去做那些能给你带来快乐的事情吧，无论是烹饪晚餐还是叠放衣物。)”可知，该
段是建议人们去做自己喜欢做的家务活，故选项A. Own the tasks you love.(负责自己喜欢的任务。)是对该
段的总结，符合段落主题。故选A。
4．根据上文“Share the load on burdensome tasks. No one should have to be responsible for one task forever,
especially if it’s unpleasant.(分担繁重任务的负担。不应让任何人永远独自承担一项任务，尤其是如果这项
任务是令人不快的。)”和下文“It’s things like nighttime baby care or picking up dog poop in the backyard. That
could mean taking turns on the task or agreeing to do that chore together.(比如夜间照顾婴儿，或者在后院清理
狗的粪便这类事情。这可能意味着轮流承担这项任务，或者同意一起完成这项家务。)”可知，空处应表明
要合理分配这种令人不快的任务；故选项E. Find a way to assign the most time-consuming or least-favorite
tasks.(找到一种方法来安排那些耗时最长或最令人生厌的任务。)提出了要找到合理安排那些令人不快任务
的方法，下文举例说明了那些耗时最长或最令人生厌的任务，并提出了轮流或是共同完成这项任务的方
法，故选项E 承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
5．根据上文“if you’ re in charge of a household chore, take full ownership of it.(如果你负责一项家务，那就全
权承担。)”和下文“It’s your responsibility to account for what you need.(你有责任规划好你需要的一切。)”可
知，空处应强调你应该独立去完成自己负责的家务；故选项D. Don’t expect others to pick up the slack if you
can’t complete the task.(如果自己无法完成任务，就别指望别人会来帮忙补缺。)提醒人们要独立完成自己负
责的家务，不要指望别人帮忙，语意连贯合理。故选D。
Passage 31
（2026·青海西宁·二模）
Whether it’s a trip to the grocery store or a vacation to the beach, there’s nothing more enjoyable than quality
family time and nothing quite as terrible as a public temper tantrum (耍脾气). 1 Here are tips to set
expectations and ensure outings are enjoyable for the whole family.
Set age-appropriate expectations
Your children have a lot of energy and excitement.
2
Having breaks and rewards can help your
child behave well while you run to the grocery store, then to the bank. Think about stopping at the park after the
bank.
3
As a parent, you know what are reasonable expectations.
Clearly communicate expectations and plan for your outing
4
For example, you can tell them that you are going to go through your grocery list and will not be
buying snacks at the grocery store. It’s important to communicate expectations as clearly as possible. Make sure
you’re doing so in an age-appropriate way. Your preschooler may be able to repeat your expectations back to you,
but your toddler (学步的儿童) likely will not be able to do so.
Offer rewards on your own terms
It’s OK to reward your child, but if your child is in the middle of a tantrum, it’s important to avoid offering a
reward. This may lead her to frequently have outbursts if it seems like this type of behavior gets rewarded. Instead,
you set the expectation that good behavior is required for a treat and rewards will be provided if those expectations
are met.
5
A．It’s OK to reward for good behavior!
B．You can ask him to wait quietly and read a book.
C．Tell your children how happy and proud they made you.
D．Before leaving, let your child know what’s going to happen.
E．Or you may introduce a new game or toy on the drive home.
F．Temper tantrum, in fact, is quite normal for young children.
G．Therefore, asking them to be quiet for a long period of time isn’t realistic.
【答案】1．F 2．G 3．E 4．D 5．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍家长外出带孩子时避免孩子当众发脾气的三条实用育儿建议。
1．上文“Whether it’s a trip to the grocery store or a vacation to the beach, there’s nothing more enjoyable than
quality family time and nothing quite as terrible as a public temper tantrum (耍脾气).(无论是去杂货店购物，还
是去海滩度假，没有什么比与家人共度的美好时光更令人愉快的了，而没有什么比在公共场合大发脾气更
糟糕的了)”引出孩子外出发脾气这一现象。空后“Here are tips to set expectations and ensure outings are
enjoyable for the whole family.(以下是设定预期并确保全家人都能愉快参与外出活动的建议)”引出解决办
法。空处承接上文话题起到过渡作用。选项F“Temper tantrum, in fact, is quite normal for young children.(发
脾气其实在幼儿身上十分常见)”承接前文内容缓和语气，自然引出下文建议。故选F。
2．上文“Your children have a lot of energy and excitement.(你的孩子们精力充沛，充满热情)”点明幼儿的天
性特点。空后“Having breaks and rewards can help your child behave well while you run to the grocery store,
then to the bank.(在你去杂货店、再去银行的途中，安排休息和奖励有助于孩子表现良好)”给出了贴合孩子
天性的应对方法。空处需搭建起天性与应对方法之间的逻辑桥梁，选项G“Therefore, asking them to be quiet
for a long period of time isn’t realistic.(因此，要求他们长时间保持安静是不现实的)”通过“Therefore”承接上
文的天性特点，指出过高要求的不合理性，为后文提出“休息和奖励”的方法做铺垫，逻辑通顺。故选
G。
3．上文“Think about stopping at the park after the bank.(考虑一下从银行出来后去公园逛逛)”举例说明可以
通过安排放松活动来满足孩子的需求。空处应延续这一思路，补充其他类似的可行方案，选项E“Or you
may introduce a new game or toy on the drive home.(或者你可以在开车回家的路上拿出新游戏或新玩具)”以
“Or”与前文构成并列，提供了另一种奖励和放松的方式，符合段落中“设置合理预期、安排休息奖励”
的主旨。故选E。
4．本段小标题“Clearly communicate expectations and plan for your outing (清晰传达预期并为外出活动做计
划)”点明核心建议是提前沟通。下文“For example, you can tell them that you are going to go through your
grocery list and will not be buying snacks at the grocery store.(例如，你可以告诉他们你要采购清单上的物品，
不会在杂货店买零食)”则是具体的沟通示例。空处需点明沟通的时机和核心动作，选项D“Before leaving,
let your child know what’s going to happen.(出发前，让孩子知道会发生什么)”直接呼应小标题的“提前沟
通”要求，为后文的具体例子做总起，符合段落结构。故选D。
5．本段围绕“Offer rewards on your own terms (按你的规则提供奖励)”展开，上文“Instead, you set the
expectation that good behavior is required for a treat and rewards will be provided if those expectations are met.(相
反，你要设定预期：只有表现良好才能获得奖励，达到预期才会给予奖励)”强调了奖励的前提是良好行
为。空处需对段落主旨进行总结或强调，选项A“It’s OK to reward for good behavior!(为良好行为给予奖励
是可行的！)”既呼应了段落主题，又对前文的“奖励规则”进行了正向肯定，收束自然。故选A。
主题02 人与自我——生活与学习
Passage 1
（2026·吉林长春·二测）
What exactly is a chore? The word alone brings to mind boring, repetitive tasks — cleaning, doing laundry,
or paying bills. 1 But why are these everyday tasks so important? The answer might surprise you: they
are the foundation of a well-run life.
2 Chores feel tiring for several psychological reasons. They rarely offer instant rewards, making
them feel like a waste of time. Since they need to be done repeatedly, they can seem endless. Our brains are also
wired to avoid unpleasant tasks, causing procrastination (拖延). It’s also easy to underestimate how important chores
really are. We only notice their value when they’re left undone — when dishes pile up or bills are overdue.
So what makes chores so essential? For starters, they create stability. Life runs on routines, and chores maintain
order. A tidy space helps us think clearly. 3 Paying bills on time avoids late fees; regular car maintenance
prevents costly repairs. Perhaps most importantly, they support health and personal growth. Cooking healthy meals
and keeping a clean home reduce health risks. 4 By staying organized, we create room for hobbies, family,
and creative projects.
Fortunately, there are simple ways to make chores easier. View them as necessary “life maintenance”. Build
simple routines and handle small tasks right away. Break large tasks down into smaller, manageable steps. 5
Remember: chores aren’t obstacles; they’re the quiet heroes that keep life running smoothly.
A．Beyond that, they act as preventive medicine.
B．Even five minutes of effort can make a difference.
C．These are tasks we must do, not choose to do for fun.
D．Moreover, they build the kind of order that fuels creativity.
E．They also free up time for the people and activities we love.
F．This sense of control, in turn, reduces anxiety about the future.
G．Yet despite their importance, most of us find them unpleasant.
【答案】1．C 2．G 3．A 4．E 5．B
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要探讨日常家务虽然常被视为无聊、重复的任务，但实际上是维持生
活稳定、促进健康、减少焦虑、激发创造力的重要基础；同时提供了简化家务的实用方法，呼吁人们改变
对家务的消极看法。
1．根据空前“What exactly is a chore? The word alone brings to mind boring, repetitive tasks — cleaning, doing
laundry, or paying bills.(究竟什么是家务？“家务”这个词本身就会让人想到无聊、重复的任务——打扫卫
生、洗衣服或付账单。)”和空后“But why are these everyday tasks so important? The answer might surprise
you: they are the foundation of a well-run life.(但这些日常任务为什么如此重要？)”可知，空前解释家务活是
什么，空后则提出问题，为何家务活如此重要，故此处应提出家务活的重要性，故C 项“这些是我们必须
做的任务，并不是为了乐趣而选择做”符合，提出家务的重要性，引出后文。故选C 项。
2．根据空后“Chores feel tiring for several psychological reasons.(从心理学角度看，家务活之所以让人感到
疲惫，有几个原因。)”可知，空后将介绍家务让人感到疲惫的原因，故此处应提出人们对家务的感受，故
G 项“然而，尽管家务活和重要，但我们大多数人依然觉得它们令人不快”符合，G 项与上一段家务活的重
要性构成转折，并提出家务活不让人开心，从而引出后文。故选G 项。
3．根据空前“A tidy space helps us think clearly.(整洁的空间有助于我们清晰思考。)”和空后“Paying bills
on time avoids late fees; regular car maintenance prevents costly repairs.(按时支付账单可以避免滞纳金；定期
保养汽车可以防止昂贵的维修。)”可知，空前提到做家务的好处，整洁的空间有助于我们清晰思考，空后
则提出可以避免滞纳金，防止昂贵的维修等好处，故此处A 项“除此之外，它们还起着预防作用”承上启
下，A 项中的that 指代前文做家务的让人清晰思考的好处，并引出后文预防滞纳金和昂贵的维修。故选A
项。
4．根据空前“Cooking healthy meals and keeping a clean home reduce health risks.(烹饪健康的饭菜、保持家
居清洁，可以降低健康风险。)”和空后“By staying organized, we create room for hobbies, family, and creative
projects.(通过保持条理，我们为爱好、家庭和创意项目创造了空间。)”可知，空前提到家务活可以降低健
康的风险，空后则提出做家务可以让我们为爱好、家庭和创意项目创造了空间，故E 项“它们还能为我们
所爱的人和活动腾出时间”符合，与空前构成递进关系，进一步说明家务活的好处，可以让我们为爱好、
家庭和创意项目创造了空间。故选E 项。
5．根据空前“Break large tasks down into smaller, manageable steps. (将大任务分解为更小、更易操作的步
骤。)”可知，空前提出将大任务分解为容易操作的小任务，故此空B 项“即使是五分钟的努力也能带来改
变”符合，说明分解任务后带来的可行性和积极效果。故选B 项。
Passage 2
（2026·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）
From Page to Screen
The charm of bringing a classic book to the screen lies in the opportunity to reach a wider audience and
visualize the characters and the story. 1 It demands both respect for the original and courage to
reimagine.
One of the most significant challenges is adapting the often long and complicated narrative of a novel into the
limited runtime of a movie. Novels allow readers to immerse themselves in the story over hundreds of pages, exploring
intricate subplots, character developments, and detailed settings. In contrast, a film typically has just two to three
hours to convey the essence of the story. 2 Namely, they have to decide what to include and what to leave
out.
Reproducing an author’s distinctive tone and literary style is challenging as well. Capturing them on film
requires a deep understanding of the source material and a creative approach to visual storytelling. 3 For
example, the 1995 adaptation of Sense and Sensibility directed by Ang Lee captured Jane Austen’s subtle humor
and social comment through its careful attention to period details, character interactions, and the pace of dialogue,
making it one of the most beloved adaptations of her novels.
Another challenge is portraying beloved characters that have lived in the imaginations of readers for generations.
These characters are often vividly described in the novels, and readers develop strong attachments to their own
interpretations. 4 Yet, a well-cast actor can make the characters come alive. Therefore, filmmakers must
consider not only physical resemblance but also the ability to convey the characters’ complexities and inner struggles
when casting.
In the end, the art of adaptation lies in striking the right balance between faithfulness and innovation. 5
A．Great adaptations achieve this masterfully.
B．It requires filmmakers to make tough choices.
C．However, this journey is full of potential difficulties.
D．The mental images can be difficult to match on screen.
E．Filmmakers focus on such details to present a novel’s plot.
F．Only in this way can we honor the past and speak to the present.
G．Casting is the bridge between a reader’s imagination and the screen.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍将经典书籍改编成影视作品的魅力与挑战，强调需在忠于原著与创
新间取得平衡。
1．根据前文“The charm of bringing a classic book to the screen lies in the opportunity to reach a wider audience
and visualize the characters and the story. (将经典书籍搬上银幕的魅力在于有机会接触更广泛的观众，并将人
物和故事具象化。)”以及后文“It demands both respect for the original and courage to reimagine. (这既需要尊
重原著，也需要重新想象的勇气。)”可知，前文讲述改编的魅力，后文提及改编的要求，此空应转折指出
改编过程充满困难，C 选项“However, this journey is full of potential difficulties. (然而，这段过程充满潜在
的困难。)”承上启下，符合语境。故选C 项。
2．根据前文“In contrast, a film typically has just two to three hours to convey the essence of the story. (相比之
下，一部电影通常只有两到三个小时来传达故事的精髓。)”以及后文“Namely, they have to decide what to
include and what to leave out. (也就是说，他们必须决定保留什么、舍弃什么。)”可知，电影时长有限，制作
者需要做出取舍，B 选项“It requires filmmakers to make tough choices. (这需要电影制作者做出艰难的选
择。)”承接前后文，符合语境。故选B 项。
3．根据前文“Reproducing an author’s distinctive tone and literary style is challenging as well. Capturing them
on film requires a deep understanding of the source material and a creative approach to visual storytelling. (再现作
者独特的语气和文学风格也很有挑战性。在电影中呈现这些需要深入理解原著素材，并采用创新的视觉叙
事方法。)”以及后文所举的成功改编案例可知，优秀的改编作品能做到这一点，A 选项“Great adaptations
achieve this masterfully. (优秀的改编作品能娴熟地做到这一点。)”引出后文的例证，符合语境。故选A 项。
4．根据前文“These characters are often vividly described in the novels, and readers develop strong attachments
to their own interpretations. (这些角色在小说中往往被生动地描绘，读者对自己心中的解读产生强烈的依
恋。)”可知，读者心中有对角色的固有印象，很难在银幕上完全匹配，D 选项“The mental images can be
difficult to match on screen. (这些心中的形象很难在银幕上被复刻。)”承接前文内容，符合语境。故选D
项。
5．根据前文“In the end, the art of adaptation lies in striking the right balance between faithfulness and
innovation. (最后，改编的艺术在于在忠于原著和创新之间取得恰当的平衡。)”可知，前文提出改编的核心
原则，此空应说明这样做的意义，F 选项“Only in this way can we honor the past and speak to the present. (只
有这样，我们才能致敬过去，呼应当下。)”对前文内容进行总结，符合语境。故选F 项。
Passage 3
（2026·广西南宁·二测）
When research-based learning was introduced at my school, I saw it as a frightening task. 1 My
teacher, Mr Lee, changed my view. He said, “True learning starts with a question from your own life.” His words
encouraged me to look around with curiosity.
I began to notice small things. Why did I prefer studying in the library corner near the window? What made
group study sometimes effective and sometimes noisy? After thinking carefully, I settled on a simple question: Does
background music help or hold back homework efficiency? This was my first lesson: Choose a question I truly want
to answer. 2
Next, I needed a plan. I felt overwhelmed until I broke it down. I decided to experiment on myself for two
weeks: one week with soft instrumental music, and one week in complete silence. 3 I also designed a short
survey for my classmates. Making a clear, simple plan turns anxiety into action.
The real challenge came during the execution (执行). My self-observation was easy, but analyzing the results
was confusing. After analysis, I found that the survey responses were mixed, and the results weren’t what I had
expected. 4 Then, I remembered that research is about understanding, not just proving a point. So, I looked
for patterns instead of a single answer. I prepared to learn from unexpected data, not just to confirm my guess.
5 I made two simple graphs about my focus and classmates’ music preferences. I saw music helped me
with repetitive tasks but not with reading, and that preferences varied widely — showing no universal answer, only
personal patterns. Presenting these findings taught me research is less about definitive truths and more about
methodical exploration. It improved my ability to observe, plan, adapt, and communicate. Ultimately, the process
itself is the real lesson. You can start your own research today by picking a small, curious question from daily life
and following it step by step.
A．Finally, I turned to Mr Lee.
B．I almost thought my project was a failure.
C．My personal interest is the best motivation.
D．I tracked my focus time and task completion.
E．Later, Mr Lee suggested I picture my confusing data.
F．I had to give up the project I was doing at that moment.
G．The word “research” itself sounded too serious and distant.
【答案】1．G 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．E
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从一开始惧怕研究性学习，到在老师的引导下从生活中
发现问题、制定并执行研究计划，最终在过程中收获成长与感悟的经历。
1．由上文“When research-based learning was introduced at my school, I saw it as a frightening task.(当研究性
学习在我校开展时，我把它看作一项可怕的任务)”以及下文“My teacher, Mr Lee, changed my view.(我的老
师李老师改变了我的看法)”可知，本空要解释作者感到害怕的原因，G 选项“The word ‘research’ itself
sounded too serious and distant.(‘研究’这个词本身听起来太严肃、太遥远了)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选
项具体说明了作者恐惧的缘由，与上文的“frightening task”相呼应。故选G。
2．由上文“This was my first lesson: Choose a question I truly want to answer.(这是我的第一课：选择一个我
真正想解答的问题)”可知，本空应承接选择感兴趣问题这一内容，C 选项“My personal interest is the best
motivation.(我个人的兴趣是最好的动力)”符合题意，该选项与上文“truly want to answer”相呼应，强调兴趣
的重要性。故选C。
3．由上文“I decided to experiment on myself for two weeks: one week with soft instrumental music, and one
week in complete silence.(我决定在自己身上做两周实验：一周放轻柔的器乐，一周完全安静)”以及下文“I
also designed a short survey for my classmates.(我还为同学们设计了一个简短的调查)”可知，本空应介绍实验
的具体做法，D 选项“I tracked my focus time and task completion.(我记录了自己的专注时间和任务完成情
况)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项是实验过程中的具体行动，与上文实验计划相呼应。故选D。
4．由上文“After analysis, I found that the survey responses were mixed, and the results weren’t what I had
expected.(分析后我发现调查结果参差不齐，并不如我预想的那样)”以及下文“Then, I remembered that
research is about understanding, not just proving a point.(然后我想到，研究是为了理解，而不只是证明某个观
点)”可知，本空应体现作者面对不理想结果的消极心情，B 选项“I almost thought my project was a failure.
(我几乎觉得我的项目失败了)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项承接上文意外的结果，又与下文的心态转变
形成对比。故选B。
5．由下文“I made two simple graphs about my focus and classmates’ music preferences.(我制作了两张关于我
的专注力和同学们音乐偏好的简单图表)”可知，本空应提到制作图表、整理数据的相关内容，E 选项
“Later, Mr Lee suggested I picture my confusing data.(后来，李老师建议我把这些杂乱的数据用图表展示出
来)”引出下文，符合题意，该选项中的“picture my confusing data”与下文“made two simple graphs”相呼
应。故选E。
Passage 4
（2026·重庆九龙坡·二模）
Eighth grader Sam Gerber carefully holds a knife to the surface of a red apple. 1 Beside him, his
classmate Sabelle Guido waits to chop up the apple crisps (苹果脆).
This is a family and consumer science class at Lincoln Middle School in Maine, US. 2 All eighth-
graders at the school have to take it.
In the class, students spend a third of their time on cooking and classic home economics: food safety, knife
skills, folding clothes, setting a table, eating healthily and shopping. 3
It is not always easy to learn these skills. In the class, Sabelle Guido tried to cut butter into small pieces with
a wooden spoon. Later, she learned that she should use a metal knife.
Rhonda Mayer, who has been teaching the course for 31 years, thinks that kids need these skills.
4
Only three states require them. That means only about 5 million students will take them, according to a survey by the
American Association of Family and Consumer Sciences. Nowadays, schools focus more on math, English and
science classes. They think “home ec” classes are for future housewives.
5
Recently, a Maine lawmaker introduced a bill. It will require students to take a half-year name
economics class. They won’t be able to graduate from school without taking the class. But it has not been voted on
yet.
A．Yet, things may be going to change.
B．He slowly pulls the skin away in small pieces.
C．The class is also known as “home ec”, short for home economics.
D．However, across the US, “home ec” classes are not widely adopted.
E．Basketball, rugby, volleyball, swimming are also available in the class.
F．They also learn about money management, workplace skills and even childcare.
G．He holds that kids couldn’t take good care of themselves without such common sense.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．F 4．D 5．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国缅因州林肯中学的家庭与消费者科学课，讲述了课程内容、学
习这些技能的难度及其在美国的推广情况和相关立法动态。
1．上文“Eighth grader Sam Gerber carefully holds a knife to the surface of a red apple. (八年级学生山姆
格
・
伯小心翼翼地把刀放在一个红苹果的表面)”描述了山姆拿刀切苹果的动作，B 选项“他慢慢地把果皮一小
块一小块地剥下来”承接上文，继续说明山姆剥苹果皮的动作，符合语境。故选B。
2．上文“This is a family and consumer science class at Lincoln Middle School in Maine, US. (这是美国缅因州
林肯中学的一门家庭与消费者科学课)”引出了这门课程，C 选项“这门课也被称为“home ec”，是家庭经
济学的缩写”对课程名称进行补充说明，且符合下文“All eighth-graders at the school have to take it. (学校所
有的八年级学生都要参加它)”里it 的指代，即C 选项里的“the class”。故选C。
3．上文“In the class, students spend a third of their time on cooking and classic home economics: food safety,
knife skills, folding clothes, setting a table, eating healthily and shopping. (在课堂上，学生们会把三分之一的时
间花在烹饪和经典的家庭经济学上：食品安全、用刀技巧、叠衣服、摆桌子、健康饮食和购物)”介绍了课
程内容，F 选项“他们还学习理财、工作技能甚至育儿知识”进一步说明课程中其他的学习内容，符合语
境。故选F。
4．上文“Rhonda Mayer, who has been teaching the course for 31 years, thinks that kids need these skills. (已经
教了这门课31 年的朗达
梅耶认为孩子们需要这些技能
・
)”表明了朗达
梅耶对这门课具有必要性的看法，
・
D 选项“然而，在美国各地，“home ec”课程并没有被广泛采用”通过However 转折，说明这门课在美国
的推广情况并不理想，符合语境。故选D。
5．下文“Recently, a Maine lawmaker introduced a bill. It will require students to take a half-year home
economics class. They won’t be able to graduate from school without taking the class. But it has not been voted on
yet. (最近，缅因州的一名议员提出了一项法案。该法案将要求学生参加一门为期半年的家庭经济学课程。
不参加这门课，他们就不能从学校毕业。但该法案尚未进行投票)”讲述了有关这门课程的立法动态，根据
法案内容可知，这门课程的现状可能有变，A 选项“然而，情况可能会发生变化”引出下文，符合语境。
故选A。
Passage 5
（2026·贵州毕节·二模）
Reading: A Secret to Health and Long Life
Are you looking for a simple habit that can transform your health? 1 You may know the joy of
reading, but there are even more unexpected ways reading will positively affect your body and mind.
● 2
Studies prove regular book readers live nearly two years longer than non-readers. Reading lowers stress and
provides a sense of social connection, both vital for healthy aging. Reading books for more than 3.5 hours per week
is linked to a 20% lower risk of death. Even 15 minutes of reading before bed can calm your nervous system, helping
you sleep better and live longer.
● You can boost brain power with daily reading.
Reading builds mental strength, which helps protect your brain to resist age-related decline. It also sharpens
working memory, attention, and empathy by placing you in different characters’ lives. Treat reading like everyday
exercise — just 10 to 30 minutes a day strengthens mental skills over time.
3
● You can start reading from birth for lifelong health.
4
Reading aloud with babies and young children helps their brains grow and reduces harmful stress.
Doctors and nurses should encourage shared reading beginning from birth as a cost-effective, evidence-based strategy
to lay the foundation for lifelong health. Children who see books as comfort and connection often carry the habit into
adulthood.
● You can make reading a simple habit.
The secret to getting the most from reading is doing it often, not reading a lot at once.
5
Choose
books you truly love, schedule short reading time, and remember — it is never too late to start. Each page is an
investment in a longer, healthier life — start today.
A．The benefits of reading begin early.
B．Reading may be just the thing you need.
C．You can live longer by reading regularly.
D．You can read as much as possible every day.
E．Experts agree that small, enjoyable daily routines matter most.
F．The more you challenge yourself with books, the healthier you become.
G．This daily mental workout protects your brain and boosts focus and strength.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．G 4．A 5．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了阅读对健康和长寿的益处，并给出了相关建议。
1．上文“Are you looking for a simple habit that can transform your health?(你在寻找一个能改变你健康的简
单习惯吗？)”提出了一个问题，暗示读者需要寻找一个能改善健康的习惯；下文“You may know the joy of
reading, but there are even more unexpected ways reading will positively affect your body and mind.(你可能知道
阅读的乐趣，但阅读还有更多意想不到的方式会对你的身心产生积极影响。)”引出了阅读这一话题，并强
调了阅读对身心健康的积极影响。由此可知，空处需要一个句子来衔接前后文，选项B“Reading may be
just the thing you need”意思是“阅读可能正是你需要的”符合语境，既回答了前文的问题，又引出了后文
关于阅读益处的讨论。故选B。
2．此空是本段的主题句，根据下文“Studies prove regular book readers live nearly two years longer than non-
readers.(研究表明，经常读书的人比不读书的人寿命长近两年。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是阅读可以延长寿
命，选项C“You can live longer by reading regularly.(经常阅读可以让你活得更久。)”符合语境，可作为本段
的主题句。故选C。
3．上文“Treat reading like everyday exercise — just 10 to 30 minutes a day strengthens mental skills over time.
(把阅读当作日常锻炼——每天只需10 到30 分钟，随着时间的推移就能增强你的心智能力。)”强调了每天
阅读的重要性，并指出阅读可以增强心智能力。空处应是对前一句的进一步解释，选项G“This daily mental
workout protects your brain and boosts focus and strength.(这种日常的脑力锻炼可以保护你的大脑，提高注意
力和力量。)”符合语境，进一步解释了阅读对大脑的益处。故选G。
4．下文“Reading aloud with babies and young children helps their brains grow and reduces harmful stress.(与婴
儿和幼儿一起大声朗读有助于他们的大脑发育，并减少有害的压力。)”说明了阅读对婴儿和幼儿大脑发育
的益处。选项A“The benefits of reading begin early.(阅读的好处从很早就开始了。)”符合语境，引出了后文
关于阅读对婴儿和幼儿益处的讨论。故选A。
5．上文“The secret to getting the most from reading is doing it often, not reading a lot at once.(从阅读中获得最
大益处的秘诀是经常阅读，而不是一次读很多。)”强调了经常阅读的重要性；下文“Choose books you truly
love, schedule short reading time, and remember — it is never too late to start.(选择你真正喜欢的书，安排短暂
的阅读时间，记住——开始永远不晚。)”给出了关于如何养成阅读习惯的建议。选项E“Experts agree that
small, enjoyable daily routines matter most.(专家们一致认为，小而愉快的日常习惯最重要。)”符合语境，既
衔接了前文关于经常阅读的重要性，又引出了后文关于如何养成阅读习惯的建议。故选E。
Passage 6
（2026·云南·二诊）
What Is a Lawnmower (割草机) Parent?
You’ve heard of the “helicopter parent” — those overprotective caregivers who swoop in the moment their
child meets a problem. Now a new term is sweeping playgrounds across the US: the “lawnmower parent.” 1
Lawnmower parents get their name because they mow down all challenges, conflicts or struggles their children
might face before the kids have to deal with them themselves. Unlike helicopter parents who only keep a close watch,
they completely remove obstacles before their kids even see them. 2 For example, a dad once rushed to
school with an expensive water bottle just because his teen complained about the school’s water fountains. True
story!
This parenting style comes from deep love, but it brings serious long-term harm to kids’ growth. Clinical
psychologist Dr. Elizabeth Cohen says adults raised by lawnmower parents often struggle with basic life
difficulties. 3 “When parents take away all conflict, kids lose the key skill of handling frustration and
disappointment,” she explains.
Many parents don’t even notice they’re acting this way. I’ll admit I’ve been both a helicopter and a lawnmower
parent to my 3-year-old son. 4 I even asked others to blow on his hot sweet potato fries when I stepped
away for a second. This bad habit starts early, even with little kids on the playground.
Letting kids face challenges is the only way to help them grow into independent, healthy adults. 5
It may be tough at the beginning. It’s never easy to stand by while your kid goes through a hard time, but the ability
to deal with setbacks is the most valuable life skill you can give them.
A．They should seek suggestions from their parents.
B．They can’t handle workplace stress or difficult relationships well.
C．I’ve had similar overly protective moments with my own kid.
D．The best time to break this parenting pattern is right now.
E．Many parents pick up this parenting style from their own families.
F．It describes an even more over-involved parenting style than helicopter parenting.
G．These parents take extreme steps to keep their kids from any discomfort.
【答案】1．F 2．G 3．B 4．C 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍“割草机式父母”的定义、行为表现、对孩子的危害，并建议父母
及时改变这种教育方式。
1．根据前文“You’ve heard of the “helicopter parent” — those overprotective caregivers who swoop in the
moment their child meets a problem. Now a new term is sweeping playgrounds across the US: the “lawnmower
parent.”(你可能听说过“直升机式父母”——那些过度保护孩子的照顾者，孩子一遇到问题就立刻冲上
前。现在一个新说法正在美国各地校园流行：“割草机式父母”。)”可知，前文先介绍直升机式父母，再
引出割草机式父母，F 选项“It describes an even more over-involved parenting style than helicopter parenting.
(它描述的是一种比直升机式育儿更加过度干预的教养方式。)”对割草机式父母进行解释，与前文形成对
比，符合语境。故选F 项。
2．根据前文“Unlike helicopter parents who only keep a close watch, they completely remove obstacles before
their kids even see them.(与只会密切关注的直升机式父母不同，他们在孩子看到障碍之前就把障碍全部清除
了。)”可知，前文说明这类父母会提前帮孩子扫清困难，G 选项“These parents take extreme steps to keep
their kids from any discomfort.(这些父母会采取极端措施，让孩子避免任何不适。)”进一步说明父母的行
为，且与后文所举例子对应，符合语境。故选G 项。
3．根据前文“Clinical psychologist Dr. Elizabeth Cohen says adults raised by lawnmower parents often struggle
with basic life difficulties.(临床心理学家伊丽莎白·科恩博士表示，由割草机式父母养大的成年人往往难以应
对基本的生活困难。)”可知，前文指出这类孩子长大后会遇到生活难题，B 选项“They can’t handle
workplace stress or difficult relationships well.(他们无法很好地应对工作压力或复杂的人际关系。)”具体举例
说明他们面临的困难，承接前文内容，符合语境。故选B 项。
4．根据前文“I’ll admit I’ve been both a helicopter and a lawnmower parent to my 3-year-old son.(我承认，对
我3 岁的儿子，我既当过直升机式父母，也当过割草机式父母。)”可知，前文作者自述自己的过度保护行
为，C 选项“I’ve had similar overly protective moments with my own kid.(我对自己的孩子也有过类似的过度
保护时刻。)”进一步补充自己的经历，与后文例子衔接，符合语境。故选C 项。
5．根据前文“Letting kids face challenges is the only way to help them grow into independent, healthy adults.(让
孩子面对挑战，是帮助他们成长为独立、健康成年人的唯一途径。)”可知，前文提出要让孩子直面困难，
D 选项“The best time to break this parenting pattern is right now.(打破这种教养模式的最佳时机就是现在。)”
给出具体建议，引出后文的做法，符合语境。故选D 项。
Passage 7
（2026·甘肃张掖·二模）
Rucking (负重步行) is a simple yet highly effective form of fitness that involves walking or hiking with a
weighted backpack. Rucking was originally used in military training. It builds strength and endurance. Now, it has
become a popular workout for anyone. It improves core stability and overall fitness. 1
Unlike running, rucking is an ideal workout for beginners, hikers, and fitness enthusiasts alike, as it provides
low-impact resistance training. 2 This action strengthens your legs, back, and core muscles, and it improves
your cardiovascular (心血管) endurance. Whether you’re hitting the trails, walking around your neighborhood, or
training for an endurance event, rucking is a scalable workout that can be adapted to any fitness level.
3 It’s a full-body workout that improves strength, endurance, and cardiovascular health without the wear
and tear of high-impact exercises like running. Carrying weight while walking engages multiple muscle groups,
including your legs, back, and shoulders. Over time, this builds endurance, improves posture, and increases overall
stability, making you stronger in everyday movements.
One of the best things about rucking? 4 Whether you’re hiking on trails, walking through your
neighborhood, or hitting city streets, rucking is a versatile workout that fits seamlessly into any routine — no gym
required. Adding weight to your walk can increase calorie burn without the need for complicated workouts. The extra
resistance forces your body to work harder, increasing energy expenditure while also improving endurance, mental
toughness, and overall fitness.
5 Start with light weight, focus on proper form, and gradually increase your distance and load as
you build strength. The beauty of rucking is that it’s as simple or as challenging as you make it — just strap on your
pack and start moving.
A．You can do it anywhere.
B．You simply walk with weight.
C．It also puts low-impact stress on the joints.
D．Add more weight to challenge your endurance.
E．Rucking is more than just walking with weight.
F．It ensures you recover efficiently after your workout.
G．Now that you have the knowledge, it’s time to put it into action.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．E 4．A 5．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了负重步行的益处、适用人群、锻炼效果、灵活性以及开始锻
炼的建议。
1．由上文“Rucking (负重步行) is a simple yet highly effective form of fitness that involves walking or hiking
with a weighted backpack. Rucking was originally used in military training. It builds strength and endurance. Now,
it has become a popular workout for anyone. It improves core stability and overall fitness.(负重步行是一种简单而
高效的健身方式，包括背着加重背包行走或徒步旅行。负重步行最初用于军事训练。它增强力量和耐力。
现在，它已经成为任何人都可以进行的流行锻炼方式。它提高核心稳定性和整体健康水平。)”及下文
“Unlike running, rucking is an ideal workout for beginners, hikers, and fitness enthusiasts alike, as it provides
low-impact resistance training.(与跑步不同，负重步行是初学者、徒步旅行者和健身爱好者的理想锻炼方
式，因为它提供低冲击力的阻力训练。)”可知，上文介绍了负重步行，下文则进一步解释了负重步行与跑
步的不同，本空应是对负重步行的一个简单介绍，即背着重量行走。B 选项“You simply walk with weight.
(你只需背着重量行走。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选B。
2．由上文“Unlike running, rucking is an ideal workout for beginners, hikers, and fitness enthusiasts alike, as it
provides low-impact resistance training.(与跑步不同，负重步行是初学者、徒步旅行者和健身爱好者的理想锻
炼方式，因为它提供低冲击力的阻力训练。)”及下文“This action strengthens your legs, back, and core
muscles, and it improves your cardiovascular (心血管) endurance.(这个动作可以增强你的腿部、背部和核心肌
肉，并提高你的心血管耐力。)”可知，上文说明了负重步行提供低冲击力的阻力训练，下文则说明了这种
训练的好处，本空应是对这种低冲击力训练的进一步说明，即它对关节的压力较小。C 选项“It also puts
low-impact stress on the joints.(它也对关节施加低冲击力的压力。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
3．由下文“It’s a full-body workout that improves strength, endurance, and cardiovascular health without the
wear and tear of high-impact exercises like running. Carrying weight while walking engages multiple muscle
groups, including your legs, back, and shoulders. Over time, this builds endurance, improves posture, and increases
overall stability, making you stronger in everyday movements.(这是一种全身锻炼，可以提高力量、耐力和心血
管健康，而不会像跑步那样造成高冲击力的磨损。走路时负重会锻炼多个肌肉群，包括腿部、背部和肩
膀。随着时间的推移，这会增强耐力，改善姿势，增加整体稳定性，使你在日常活动中更强壮。)”可知，
本段主要介绍了负重步行不仅仅是一种简单的背着重量行走的锻炼方式，它还能带来多种健康益处。E 选
项“Rucking is more than just walking with weight.(负重步行不仅仅是背着重量行走。)”总领本段内容，符合
语境。故选E。
4．由下文“Whether you’re hiking on trails, walking through your neighborhood, or hitting city streets, rucking is
a versatile workout that fits seamlessly into any routine — no gym required. Adding weight to your walk can
increase calorie burn without the need for complicated workouts. The extra resistance forces your body to work
harder, increasing energy expenditure while also improving endurance, mental toughness, and overall fitness.(无论
你是在小径上徒步旅行，在社区里散步，还是在城市街道上行走，负重步行都是一种多功能的锻炼方式，
可以无缝融入任何日常活动中——无需健身房。在步行中增加重量可以增加卡路里燃烧，而无需复杂的锻
炼。额外的阻力迫使你的身体更加努力地工作，增加能量消耗，同时提高耐力、心理韧性和整体健康水
平。)”可知，本段主要介绍了负重步行的灵活性，即可以在任何地方进行。A 选项“You can do it
anywhere.(你可以在任何地方做。)”能引出下文，符合语境。故选A。
5．由下文“Start with light weight, focus on proper form, and gradually increase your distance and load as you
build strength. The beauty of rucking is that it’s as simple or as challenging as you make it — just strap on your
pack and start moving.(从轻重量开始，注重正确的姿势，随着力量的增强逐渐增加距离和负重。负重步行
的美妙之处在于，它可以像你想象的那样简单或具有挑战性——只需系上背包，开始移动。)”可知，本段
主要介绍了开始负重步行的建议。G 选项“Now that you have the knowledge, it’s time to put it into action.(既
然你已经了解了这些知识，是时候付诸实践了。)”引出文末实操建议，符合语境。故选G。
Passage 8
（2026·内蒙古包头·二模）
Many of us read all day. We read texts, homework, and articles all day long. But fewer people are reading for
fun. The world is increasingly distracting, and it can be really difficult to get into a reading habit. 1 We
asked experts to suggest some ways to get out of it.
2
Experts recommend going to a library and checking out various kinds of books. “Read the first chapter, and
see which one or two grab you,” they say. If you’re not enjoying a volume, put it down and move on to the next.
Experts advocate not finishing a book. If you don’t like a book, no one’s judging you. You’re not failing.
Keep it short and sweet.
You can start with shorter books. Don’t have One Hundred Years of Solitude be the first book you pick up if
you haven’t read anything in a few years. Search Goodreads, Barnes and Noble or the Booker Library’s list of short
books.
3
You’ll get a full narrative experience out of 10 or 15 pages.
Make it social.
Experts recommend sharing books with friends, or joining a book club. You can attend an audiobook walking
club where everyone walks together, listening to their own audiobooks. Throughout your walk, you can stop and chat
about your books and what’s exciting you.
The medium doesn’t matter.
4
Whether you read physical books, use an e-reader or listen to audiobooks, it’s all valuable. “If
that’s what gets you reading, that’s what gets you reading,” they say.
Once you’ve found your favorite genres and reading method, carve out a little bit of time for it each day.
5
Reading is something that should bring you joy. There’s a lot you can gain from it.
A．Figure out what you enjoy.
B．Make sure you have a good taste.
C．By the end, you’ll have created a habit.
D．Don’t get hung up on the format of what you’re reading.
E．They can be a good way to dip your toe back into reading.
F．Are you also suffering from reading burnout like many others?
G．If reading is so great, why do so many people fall out of the habit?
【答案】1．F 2．A 3．E 4．D 5．C
【导语】主要介绍现代人阅读习惯缺失的现状，并列举专家给出的重拾趣味阅读习惯的多种有效方法。
1．根据前文“The world is increasingly distracting, and it can be really difficult to get into a reading habit.(如今
世界纷扰杂乱，养成阅读习惯变得十分困难。)”以及后文“We asked experts to suggest some ways to get out
of it.(我们邀请专家给出一些摆脱这种困境的方法。)”可知，横线处需要承接阅读困难的现状，引出普遍存
在的阅读困扰。F 选项“Are you also suffering from reading burnout like many others?(你是否和许多人一样，
正遭受阅读倦怠的困扰？)”承接上文难以养成阅读习惯的问题，衔接下文寻求解决办法的内容，符合语
境。
2．分析文章结构可知，此处为下段小标题，与后文“Keep it short and sweet.”“Make it social.”等祈使短句格
式保持一致。根据本段内容“Experts recommend going to a library and checking out various kinds of books. If
you’re not enjoying a volume, put it down and move on to the next.(专家建议去图书馆借阅各类书籍。如果不喜
欢一本读物，就放下它，换下一本。)”可知，本段核心是挑选自己喜欢的书籍。A 选项“Figure out what
you enjoy.(找出自己喜欢的读物。)”概括本段内容，适合作为本段小标题，符合语境。
3．根据前文“Search Goodreads, Barnes and Noble or the Booker Library’s list of short books.(在优质读书平台
查找短篇书籍书单。)”以及后文“You’ll get a full narrative experience out of 10 or 15 pages.(只需阅读十到十
五页，你就能获得完整的阅读体验。)”可知，横线处需说明短篇书籍的优势。E 选项“They can be a good
way to dip your toe back into reading.(这类短篇书籍是重新开始阅读的绝佳方式。)”中代词They 指代上文短
篇幅书籍，承接上文，贴合短句阅读的建议，符合语境。
4．根据本段小标题“The medium doesn’t matter.(阅读的载体并不重要。)”以及后文“Whether you read
physical books, use an e-reader or listen to audiobooks, it’s all valuable.(纸质书、电子阅读器或有声读物，这些
方式都很有意义。)”可知，本段强调不必纠结阅读的形式。D 选项“Don’t get hung up on the format of what
you’re reading.(不要过分纠结阅读的形式。)”总领本段内容，呼应小标题，引出下文多种阅读载体的介绍，
符合语境。
5．根据前文“Once you’ve found your favorite genres and reading method, carve out a little bit of time for it
each day.(找到喜欢的书籍类型和阅读方式后，每天留出一点时间阅读。)”可知，坚持每日阅读最终会形成
稳定习惯。C 选项“By the end, you’ll have created a habit.(久而久之，你就会养成阅读习惯。)”承接每日坚
持阅读的做法，总结长期坚持带来的结果，符合语境。
Passage 8
（2026·四川雅安·二诊）
Walking in Nature Boosts Your Mental Health
In our fast-paced digital world, most people struggle with stress and feelings of being overwhelmed. More and
more people are looking for effective ways to relax and improve their mental health. 1 Among them,
walking outdoors in nature has been proven to bring amazing and lasting benefits to our mind.
Studies show that walking in green spaces lowers levels of cortisol, the body’s main stress hormone. 2
Research from Stanford University found that a 90-minute walk in a natural setting significantly decreases activity
in the part of the brain linked to rumination — repetitive negative thinking that fuels stress and depression.
Another key benefit is increased creativity. When you walk in nature, your brain enters a state of “soft
fascination”. 3 Unlike urban environments that demand constant, directed attention, nature provides gentle,
low-effort stimuli that let your brain rest and recharge.
Try to walk without your phone. Disconnecting from screens lets you fully engage with your surroundings —
listening to birdsong, feeling the breeze, or watching sunlight filter through leaves. 4 It also helps you
disconnect from work or digital stress.
5 Research suggests that spending a total of 120 minutes in nature each week is linked to long-term
improvements in mental well-being. Whether it’s a lunchtime stroll, a weekend hike, or simply sitting under a tree,
nature is free, accessible medicine for your mind.
A．Even small daily doses add up.
B．The mindful presence enables you to calm down.
C．However, simple and natural methods are often ignored.
D．It allows your mind to wander and make new connections.
E．Being free from digital devices affects work efficiency greatly.
F．The longer you stay in nature, the better mental health you will gain.
G．This reduction in stress leads to improved mood and reduced anxiety.
【答案】1．C 2．G 3．D 4．B 5．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在快节奏的现代生活中，走进自然散步被科学证明是一种能有效
减压、提升创造力并促进心理健康的简单方法。
1．前文“In our fast-paced digital world, most people struggle with stress and feelings of being overwhelmed.
More and more people are looking for effective ways to relax and improve their mental health. (在我们这个快节
奏的数字化时代，大多数人都在与压力以及感到不堪重负的情绪作斗争。越来越多的人正在寻找有效的放
松方式，并努力改善自己的心理健康状况。)”提到人们寻找有效的放松方式，后文“Among them, walking
outdoors in nature has been proven to bring amazing and lasting benefits to our mind. (其中，身处大自然中进行
户外步行已被证实能给我们的心灵带来令人惊叹且持久的益处。)”引出在自然中行走是其中一种被证实有
效的方法，因此C 项“However, simple and natural methods are often ignored. (然而，简单自然的方法常常被
忽视。)”符合语境，点明简单自然的方法值得被关注，和前文构成转折，引出后文主题，选项中的simple
and natural methods 是后文them 指代的对象。故选C。
2．前文“Studies show that walking in green spaces lowers levels of cortisol, the body’s main stress hormone. (研
究表明，在绿色空间中散步能够降低皮质醇的水平，而皮质醇是人体内主要的应激激素。)”指出在自然中
行走可降低皮质醇水平，因此G 项“This reduction in stress leads to improved mood and reduced anxiety. (这
种压力的减轻能改善情绪、减少焦虑。)”符合语境，说明降低皮质醇水平的直接结果，承接前文。故选
G。
3．前文“Another key benefit is increased creativity. When you walk in nature, your brain enters a state of “soft
fascination”. (另一个显著的好处是能激发创造力。当你置身于大自然之中时，你的大脑会进入一种“软性
注意力”的状态。)”提出“软性注意力”状态，因此D 项“It allows your mind to wander and make new
connections. (它允许你的思维自由漫游并建立新的连接。)”符合语境，解释“软性注意力”状态对创造力的
好处，承接前文，选项中的It 指代前文的a state of “soft fascination”。故选D。
4．前文“Try to walk without your phone. Disconnecting from screens lets you fully engage with your
surroundings — listening to birdsong, feeling the breeze, or watching sunlight filter through leaves. (试着不带手
机散步。与屏幕隔绝能让你更好地融入周围环境——聆听鸟鸣声、感受微风拂面，或者观察阳光透过树叶
的光影变化。)”描述放下手机后，全身心投入周围环境的具体行为，后文“It also helps you disconnect from
work or digital stress. (它还能帮助你摆脱工作带来的压力或者数字设备带来的紧张情绪。)”指出这些行为的
另一好处，因此B 项“The mindful presence enables you to calm down. (这种专注当下的状态使你能够平静下
来。)”符合语境，点明这些行为让人平静下来，承接前文，和后文是并列关系。故选B。
5．后文“Research suggests that spending a total of 120 minutes in nature each week is linked to long-term
improvements in mental well-being. Whether it’s a lunchtime stroll, a weekend hike, or simply sitting under a tree,
nature is free, accessible medicine for your mind. (研究表明，每周在大自然中停留总计120 分钟与长期的心理
健康改善有关。无论是午餐时间的散步、周末的远足，还是仅仅坐在树下休息，大自然都是滋养心灵的免
费且易得的良药。)”给出每周累计120 分钟的时长建议，提到日常的各种小活动，因此A 项“Even small
daily doses add up. (即使是微小的日常剂量也会累积起来。)”符合语境，暗示零散的时间也有效，引出后文
的建议。故选A。
Passage 9
（2026·四川凉山·二诊）
First Aid for Choking: The Heimlich Maneuver
Choking occurs when food or an object blocks the airway. A choking person cannot speak, cough effectively,
or breathe, and may grab their throat. Without immediate help, choking can lead to serious harm or death. 1
If you see someone choking, stay calm and call emergency services right away. You should also call for
emergency help while checking the person. Ask others nearby to help call for professionals while you check the
situation. A choking person often cannot cough strongly, may turn blue, or show signs of struggling. 2 If
they can still cough hard or talk, encourage them to continue trying to clear the blockage. But if they cannot cough
or breathe well, act fast.
For a conscious adult or older child, the Heimlich maneuver is usually the best method. 3 Stand
behind the person, wrap your arms around their waist, and make a fist with one hand. Place the thumb side just above
the belly button and below the breastbone. Grasp your fist with the other hand and give quick upward and inward
thrusts. Repeat until the object is expelled or breathing returns.
Be gentle but firm during the process. 4 If the person becomes unconscious, lay them down carefully,
call emergency services again if needed, and start CPR if trained.
5 Lay the baby face down on your forearm, support the head and neck, and give up to five firm back
blows between the shoulder blades (肩胛骨). If necessary, turn the baby over and give up to five chest thrusts (冲
击/按压) with two or three fingers. Keep switching until the object is cleared or help arrives.
Learning these skills can save lives. Being prepared makes a huge difference in emergencies.
A．Therefore, learning first aid is vital.
B．For young teenagers, a different set of steps is required.
C．This helps prevent damage to the ribs (肋骨) or breastbones.
D．It is important to act quickly and correctly in such situations.
E．However, the above steps are not suitable for babies under one year old.
F．If the person can still cough or speak, let them try to clear the blockage.
G．This method uses quick upward and inward pressure to force the object out.
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．G 4．C 5．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了窒息的危险性、应对窒息的基本急救原则、针对成人和大龄儿童的海
姆立克急救法操作要点，以及针对婴儿的不同急救步骤，强调学习急救技能可以挽救生命。
1．根据上文 “Without immediate help, choking can lead to serious harm or death.(如果没有及时救助，窒息
可能导致严重伤害甚至死亡)” 可知，空格处强调学习急救的重要性。A 选项 “Therefore, learning first aid
is vital.(因此，学习急救至关重要)” 承接上文，符合语境。故选A 项。
2．根据上文 “A choking person often cannot cough strongly, may turn blue, or show signs of struggling.(窒息
者通常无法用力咳嗽，可能脸色发青或表现出挣扎迹象)” 以及后文对不同情况的处理可知，空格处强调正
确快速行动的重要性。D 选项 “It is important to act quickly and correctly in such situations.(在这种情况下，
快速且正确地行动非常重要)” 承上启下，符合语境。故选D 项。
3．根据上文 “For a conscious adult or older child, the Heimlich maneuver is usually the best method.(对于有意
识的成人或大孩子，海姆立克急救法通常是最佳方法)” 可知，空格处解释该方法的原理。G 选项 “This
method uses quick upward and inward pressure to force the object out.(这种方法利用快速向上向内的压力将异
物挤出)” 引出下文具体操作，符合语境。故选G 项。
4．根据上文 “Be gentle but firm during the process.(操作过程中要轻柔但有力)” 可知，空格处说明这样做
的好处。C 选项 “This helps prevent damage to the ribs or breastbones.(这有助于防止肋骨或胸骨受损)” 承接
上文，符合语境。故选C 项。
5．根据下文 “Lay the baby face down on your forearm, support the head and neck, and give up to five firm
back blows between the shoulder blades (肩胛骨).(将婴儿面朝下放在你的前臂上，托住头部和颈部，然后在
其肩胛骨之间用力拍打最多 5 下)” 可知，空格处说明上述方法不适用于婴儿。E 选项 “However, the
above steps are not suitable for babies under one year old.(然而，以上步骤不适用于一岁以下的婴儿)” 引出下
文针对婴儿的急救方法，符合语境。故选E 项。
Passage 10
（2026·陕西·二模）
After the annual college entrance examination, students have to fill out their applications. Not knowing
what choices they really want, some are seeking the Internet for advice, while others are clearly arranged by their
parents. University or city, school or major, interest or prospect? 1
1. Choose a major solely based on money
The mistake happens when you’re choosing a major merely based on money. 2 You should choose a
major that you are driven to succeed in, even if you won’t make as much money.
2. A hobby is placed as your priority
3 Actually, when you choose to study your hobby — to build your life around it — it can lose its appeal,
and then it won’t be relaxing anymore. Hence, a hobby is never mean to be your priority. However, choosing a
major based on your passion means pursuing what you love despite all the work that goes into it. You will never get
sick of it as time progresses.
3. Choose a major by feeling instead of research.
Being interested in a major is a start, but don’t stop there. 4 If you know someone in the field or with
that major, ask them for some input. The idea of a specific major tends to be better than the reality for students who
enter it blindly.
4. “My parents want me to choose this major”
The opinions of your friends and family aren’t something to ignore, but the choice is ultimately yours. You’re
the one doing the work and earning the degree. Remember that college is an investment of both your time and money.
The only way to get the best outcome is to shape your own future.
5
Every major has its horror stories. Never take the “easy” road when it comes to your future.
A．Often, people confuse their hobbies with their passions.
B．Passions soothe you and drive you crazy at the same time.
C．Honestly, there is no such thing as an “easy” major anyway.
D．Investigating the field will help you know what major is right for you.
E．Here are several mistakes you should avoid when applying for a major.
F．However, if you’re motivated enough to succeed, you can earn the degree.
G．You need to also consider your passions, your dislikes, and most importantly, your happiness.
【答案】1．E 2．G 3．A 4．D 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了高考填报专业时应避免的四类错误，并给出正确选专业的建议。
1．上文“After the annual college entrance examination, students have to fill out their applications. Not knowing
what choices they really want, some are seeking the Internet for advice, while others are clearly arranged by their
parents. University or city, school or major, interest or prospect? (每年高考结束后，学生们都要填写申请表。不
知道自己真正想要什么选择，一些人在网上寻求建议，而另一些人则明显是由父母安排的。大学还是城
市，学校还是专业，兴趣还是前景？)”提出学生在填报志愿时面临诸多选择和困惑，E 选项“Here are
several mistakes you should avoid when applying for a major. (以下是你申请专业时应该避免的几个错误)”引出
下文要讲述的申请专业时应避免的错误，符合语境。故选E。
2．上文“The mistake happens when you’re choosing a major merely based on money. (当你仅仅根据金钱来选
择专业时，就会犯错误)”指出仅根据金钱选专业是错误的，G 选项“You need to also consider your passions,
your dislikes, and most importantly, your happiness. (你还需要考虑你的兴趣、你不喜欢的东西，最重要的
是，你的幸福)”说明选专业时还应考虑其他因素，如兴趣、幸福等，与上文形成转折，符合语境。故选
G。
3．下文“Actually, when you choose to study your hobby — to build your life around it — it can lose its appeal,
and then it won’t be relaxing anymore. (实际上，当你选择学习你的爱好——围绕它构建你的生活——它可能
会失去吸引力，然后就不再令人放松了)”说明把爱好作为专业可能会失去吸引力，A 选项“Often, people
confuse their hobbies with their passions. (人们常常把自己的爱好和激情混为一谈)”解释了人们容易犯的错
误，即混淆爱好和激情，与下文话题相关，符合语境。故选A。
4．上文“Being interested in a major is a start, but don’t stop there. (对一个专业感兴趣是一个开始，但不要就
此止步)”指出对专业感兴趣只是开始，D 选项“Investigating the field will help you know what major is right
for you. (调查这个领域将帮助你了解什么专业适合你)”说明不能只凭兴趣，还应进一步调查该领域，以确
定适合自己的专业，与上文话题相关，符合语境。故选D。
5．下文“Every major has its horror stories. Never take the “easy” road when it comes to your future. (每个专业
都有它的恐怖故事。当涉及到你的未来时，永远不要走“轻松”的路)”说明没有轻松的专业，C 选项
“Honestly, there is no such thing as an “easy” major anyway. (老实说，根本就没有“轻松”的专业)”与下文
easy 相呼应，总结专业无轻松可言的观点，符合语境。故选C。
主题03 人与社会——历史，社会与文化
Passage 1
（2026·吉林白山·二模）
Popular among fashion celebrities, Labubu, a small, bunny-like toy with a doll’s face produced by Pop Mart,
has become a street style item as bag charms since 2024. 1 At Selfridges, Jelly cat is the fastest-selling
toy brand. According to fans and experts, this toy craze reveals meaningful insights into today’s luxury consumers.
Facing economic challenges and climate chaos, audiences are lowering purchasing power as they mature.
2 This has led to an undeniable increase in “kidult” customers in recent years, with a real appetite for nostalgic (怀旧
的) joy and perhaps a simpler time.
3 For fans, styling them with luxury handbags helps show off their personality and refresh their
style. Labubu’s exposed teeth and striking colors represent the ugly-cute aesthetic (美学), offering an alternative to
today’s unrealistic standards of perfection.
The success of Labubu owes much to the blind box format. “The nature of the blind box itself is addictive.
4 So you keep buying more.” says Maria. Tora Northman adds, “The blind box concept is the reason that they’re
all so exciting — it’s not just buying a toy. 5 ”
Beyond the psychology of reconnecting with childhood, the thrill of joining a popular craze and owning sought-
after items ultimately drives shoppers.
A．Labubu and toy bag charms reflect a growing popularity in personalization.
B．It’s super rare that you get the one that you actually want.
C．Actually, it is taking part in the unboxing experience.
D．They provide emotional comfort and social connection.
E．Yet the trend extends beyond just one type of toy.
F．Blind boxes are usually priced higher than regular toy products.
G．In this context, Labubu and the collectibles mindset offers a form of escapism.
【答案】1．E 2．G 3．A 4．B 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍潮玩挂件走红现象，剖析背后的消费心理与流行原因。
1．根据上文“Popular among fashion celebrities, Labubu, a small, bunny-like toy with a doll’s face produced by
Pop Mart, has become a street style item as bag charms since 2024. (2024 年以来，泡泡玛特推出的拉布布——
一款有着娃娃脸、形似兔子的小玩具，在时尚名流中备受欢迎，成为了热门的包包挂饰潮品)”以及下文
“At Selfridges, Jelly cat is the fastest-selling toy brand.(在塞尔福里奇百货，杰丽猫是销量最快的玩具品牌)”
可知，上文介绍拉布布这一潮玩，下文提及另一爆款玩具，说明热潮不止一种玩具，E 选项“Yet the trend
extends beyond just one type of toy.(然而这股潮流并不局限于单一玩具品类)”承上启下，符合语境。故选E
项。
2．根据上文“Facing economic challenges and climate chaos, audiences are lowering purchasing power as they
mature.(面对经济困境和气候乱象，消费者日渐成熟，购买力有所下降)”以及下文“This has led to an
undeniable increase in “kidult” customers in recent years, with a real appetite for nostalgic (怀旧的) joy and
perhaps a simpler time.(近年来，“大小孩”消费者的数量无疑在不断增长，他们真心渴望怀旧的快乐，也
向往更简单的时光)”可知，上文交代现实背景，下文说明消费者转向怀旧潮玩，G 选项“In this context,
Labubu and the collectibles mindset offers a form of escapism.(在这种背景下，拉布布和收藏心态为人们提供
了一种逃避现实的方式)”衔接现实背景与怀旧消费心理，符合语境。故选G 项。
3．根据下文“For fans, styling them with luxury handbags helps show off their personality and refresh their style.
(对粉丝而言，用潮玩搭配奢侈品包包能彰显个性、刷新风格)”可知，本段围绕潮玩的个性化属性展开，A
选项“Labubu and toy bag charms reflect a growing popularity in personalization.(拉布布和玩具挂件折射出个
性化风潮日益盛行)”总起本段，契合下文内容，符合语境。故选A 项。
4．根据上文“The nature of the blind box itself is addictive.(盲盒本身的属性就容易让人上瘾)”以及下文“So
you keep buying more.(所以你会不断入手更多盲盒)”可知，此处解释盲盒上瘾的原因，B 选项“It’s super
rare that you get the one that you actually want.(抽到自己真正想要的款式概率极低)”承接上文，说明抽盒的不
确定性促使消费者反复购买，符合语境。故选B 项。
5．根据上文“The blind box concept is the reason that they’re all so exciting — it’s not just buying a toy.(盲盒的
理念就是其魅力所在——这不仅仅是买一个玩具)”可知，下文进一步说明盲盒的核心乐趣，C 选项
“Actually, it is taking part in the unboxing experience.(实际上，这是参与拆盒的沉浸式体验)”承接上文，补充
盲盒的独特价值，符合语境。故选C 项。
Passage 2
（2026·海南四校联考·二模）
Are you able to cook a healthy meal? Are you able to manage your money well? Are you able to sew on a
button? 1 This highlights a significant gap in modern education, which heavily prioritizes academic
achievement and strict testing, often at the expense of practical life skills.
Schools have done well in preparing us to be academic achievers in school, but may not have prepared us well
enough in developing life skills. 2 For those without these basic skills, the pandemic lockdown was a rude
shock. With restaurants closed and home services stopped, it would have been satisfying to cook a meal or fix a light
bulb. It’s a shame that schools produce scholarly individuals who are unprepared for simple home tasks.
3 For example, financial management fosters responsibility and caution, while lessons on investment
teach wealth growth. Equipped with this literacy, students can better discuss financial goals with parents, and
budgeting knowledge can steer them away from overspending. Thus, in our complex world, schools must teach
beyond academic subjects.
After all, all the responsibility cannot be transferred to the home. The argument for parents teaching practical life
skills overlooks modern realities. Many working parents lack the time, and some may not possess the proficiency
themselves. 4 .
Sandra Carey, a writer, puts it appropriately: “Never mistake knowledge for wisdom. One helps you make a living;
the other helps you make a life.” School is not simply a place to pass knowledge and prepare us for a career. 5
A．Thus, a balanced approach is needed early on.
B．For instance, many communities offer evening classes for adults.
C．Instead, it equips us with the wisdom to construct a fulfilling life.
D．Not many of us can confidently nod our heads to these questions.
E．Consequently, the central role in bridging this gap must fall to our schools.
F．By integrating practical skills, schools can teach a more complete set of life values.
G．Yet practical skills such as cooking and housekeeping are essential in the real world.
【答案】1．D 2．G 3．F 4．E 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了现代教育中重学术轻实践技能的问题，强调学校应教授实用
生活技能以帮助学生构建充实人生。
1．由上文“Are you able to cook a healthy meal? Are you able to manage your money well? Are you able to sew
on a button? (你会做一顿健康的饭吗？你能很好地管理你的钱吗？你会缝纽扣吗？)”提出的一系列问题可
知，本空应是对这些问题的回应。D 选项“Not many of us can confidently nod our heads to these questions.
(我们中很少有人能自信地对这些问题点头。)”是对上文问题的直接回应，表示很少有人能自信地回答这些
问题，符合题意。故选D。
2．由上文“Schools have done well in preparing us to be academic achievers in school, but may not have
prepared us well enough in developing life skills. (学校在培养我们在学校成为学术成就者方面做得很好，但在
培养我们的生活技能方面可能做得不够好。)”及下文“For those without these basic skills, the pandemic
lockdown was a rude shock. (对于那些没有这些基本技能的人来说，疫情封锁是一个沉重的打击。)”可知，
本空应强调实践技能的重要性。G 选项“Yet practical skills such as cooking and housekeeping are essential in
the real world. (然而，烹饪和家务等实践技能在现实世界中是必不可少的。)”能承上启下，强调实践技能的
重要性，符合题意。故选G。
3．由下文“For example, financial management fosters responsibility and caution, while lessons on investment
teach wealth growth. (例如，财务管理培养责任感和谨慎性，而投资课程教授财富增长。)”可知，本空应总
起说明学校教授实用技能的作用。F 选项“By integrating practical skills, schools can teach a more complete set
of life values. (通过整合实用技能，学校可以教授一套更完整的人生价值观。)”可以概括下文的例子，起到
总起的作用，符合题意。故选F。
4．由上文“After all, all the responsibility cannot be transferred to the home. The argument for parents teaching
practical life skills overlooks modern realities. Many working parents lack the time, and some may not possess the
proficiency themselves. (毕竟，所有的责任都不能转移到家庭。父母教授实践生活技能的观点忽视了现代现
实。许多上班族父母缺乏时间，有些父母自己可能也不具备这些技能。)”可知，本空应提出解决这一问题
的建议。E 选项“Consequently, the central role in bridging this gap must fall to our schools. (因此，弥补这一差
距的核心作用必须落在我们的学校身上。)”能承接上文，提出学校应在弥补这一差距中发挥核心作用，符
合题意。故选E。
5．由上文“School is not simply a place to pass knowledge and prepare us for a career. (学校不仅仅是传授知识
和为我们准备职业的地方。)”及下文“Sandra Carey, a writer, puts it appropriately: “Never mistake knowledge
for wisdom. One helps you make a living; the other helps you make a life.” (作家桑德拉·凯里恰当地表达了这一
点：“永远不要把知识和智慧混为一谈。一个帮助你谋生；另一个帮助你创造生活。”)”可知，本空应强
调学校应传授的更深层次的东西。C 选项“Instead, it equips us with the wisdom to construct a fulfilling life.
(相反，它赋予我们构建充实生活的智慧。)”能承上启下，强调学校应赋予我们构建充实生活的智慧，符合
题意。故选C。
Passage 3
（2026·重庆市八中·二模）
For many people, Christmas can be a magical day filled with delight and indulgences (放纵). But for those
down on their luck or disadvantaged, it can be a time of sorrow and disappointment. That’s why the countries of the
British Commonwealth have set aside the day after Christmas as Boxing Day, and its purpose was to bring a bit of
magic to those who could use it. 1
Every December 26, going at least as far back as 1833, the United Kingdom and other countries that are part
of the British Commonwealth have observed Boxing Day as an opportunity to provide some holiday joy to those who
most need it.
2
One is that it refers to the giving of “Christmas boxes,” a term that originated in the 17th century
to describe gifts, money and other leftovers from Christmas that landowners would give to their servants and
employees for having worked on Christmas Day. Basically, Christmas Boxes were holiday bonuses for the working
class.
The other is that it refers to the “alms boxes” that would traditionally appear in churches in the weeks leading up
to Christmas.
3
The donations were then distributed to those in need after Christmas Day. The day after
Christmas is also the feast of St. Stephen, a martyr (殉教者) known for his acts of charity.
The day is still a national holiday in many parts of the British Commonwealth, and some people still give back
to the less fortunate on Boxing Day.
4
It has now become more related to spending up big at a department store.
But must it be this way? Actually, there exists a different path for this day.
5
Just like in classic
stories, you might find your heart growing richer, even if your wallet doesn’t.
A．But its original spirit is being forgotten.
B．So what exactly is Boxing Day all about?
C．There are competing stories behind its name.
D．Consider observing your own charitable Boxing Day.
E．Their purpose was to collect money from church-goers.
F．Celebrate the day by enjoying time with your loved ones.
G．However, many argue this isn’t the best way to help the poor.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．E 4．A 5．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍节礼日的设立初衷，两大名称的由来。节日原本意在帮扶弱势群体，
如今传统慈善精神渐被消费取代，作者呼吁人们重拾节日慈善本心。
1．根据上文“For many people, Christmas can be a magical day filled with delight and indulgences (放纵). But
for those down on their luck or disadvantaged, it can be a time of sorrow and disappointment. That’s why the
countries of the British commonwealth have set aside the day after Christmas as Boxing Day, and its purpose was
to bring a bit of magic to those who could use it.(对许多人来说，圣诞节是一段充满欢乐与放纵的神奇时光。
但对于那些处境艰难或处于不利地位的人们而言，圣诞节却可能是一段充满悲伤与失望的时期。因此，英
联邦各国将圣诞节后的这一天定为“节礼日”，其目的是为那些需要帮助的人们带来一丝欢乐)”可知，前
文介绍节礼日设立初衷是帮助弱势群体，下文开始具体介绍节礼日。故B 选项“那么节礼日究竟是什么
呢？”起到承上启下作用。故选B。
2．根据后文“One is that it refers to the giving of “Christmas boxes,” a term that originated in the 17th century to
describe gifts, money and other leftovers from Christmas that landowners would give to their servants and
employees for having worked on Christmas Day. Basically, Christmas Boxes were holiday bonuses for the working
class.(其一，它指的是“圣诞礼盒”的赠送行为。这个术语起源于17 世纪，用于描述圣诞节期间人们送出
的礼物、金钱以及其他剩余物品，这些物品是地主们为了感谢仆人和员工在圣诞节期间的辛勤工作而给予
他们的。简而言之，圣诞礼盒就是为工人阶级准备的节日奖金)”可知，后文并列介绍两种名称起源说法，
C 选项“它的名字背后有两种不同说法”总领下文，One 引出其中一种说法。故选C。
3．根据上文“The other is that it refers to the “alms boxes” that would traditionally appear in churches in the
weeks leading up to Christmas.(另一种解释是，它指的是在圣诞节前几周通常会在教堂里出现的“施舍
箱”)”以及后文“The donations were then distributed to those in need after Christmas Day. The day after
Christmas is also the feast of St. Stephen, a martyr (殉教者) known for his acts of charity.(这些捐赠物资在圣诞节
过后被分发给了那些有需要的人。圣诞节后的第二天也是圣斯蒂芬的纪念日，他是一位以乐善好施行为著
称的殉道者)”可知，前文提到教堂里的“救济箱”，后文讲述捐款分给穷人。E 选项“它们的作用是收集
礼拜者的捐款” 承接“施舍箱”的用途。故选E。
4．根据上文“The day is still a national holiday in many parts of the British Commonwealth, and some people
still give back to the less fortunate on Boxing Day.(在英联邦的许多地区，这一天仍被视为法定假日，而一些
人也会在“节礼日”（即“圣诞补休日”）向那些生活贫困的人们伸出援手)”以及后文“It has now become
more related to spending up big at a department store.(如今，它更多地与在百货商店进行大规模消费联系在了
一起)”可知，前文：如今仍是假日、还有人行善；后文：变成商场大肆消费。A 选项“但它最初的精神正
在被遗忘”衔接转折关系。故选A。
5．根据上文“But must it be this way? Actually, there exists a different path for this day.(但一定要这样吗？实
际上，对于这一天，存在着另一种可能的走向)”以及后文“Just like in classic stories, you might find your
heart growing richer, even if your wallet doesn’t.(就像在经典故事中那样，即便你的钱包没有鼓起来，你的心
灵也可能会变得更加充实)”可知，最后一段倡导回归慈善初心，前文：节礼日可以有不一样的过法；后
文：心灵变得富足。D 选项“试着过一个属于自己的慈善版节礼日”呼应主旨。故选D。
Passage 4
（2026·四川德阳·二诊）
In January, China released a master plan for building a strong education system by 2035. With good reason,
the master plan links the lack of enough outdoor exercise with the prevalence of myopia (近视) and obesity among
the country’s children and adolescents. 1
In a popular science report released in 2025, China Youth Daily explained that outdoor lights can help one’s
retina (视网膜) release more dopamine, which in turn helps prevent eyeball elongation (an increase in axial length)
— a main cause of myopia. 2 At the same time, outdoor activities help students look into the distance,
thus reducing time spent on short-distance use of eyes. In the absence of effective intervention, the report warns,
China will enter a high-risk period of blinding eye diseases, mainly characterized by high myopia, in the next two or
three decades.
The newspaper also explained that children playing less than one hour a day outdoors are two to three times
more likely to develop myopia than those who play at least two hours a day outdoors. 3 Yet not all
students or their parents understand the benefit of sports activities, though. Some parents stick to the old notion that
academic scores matter the most. That partly explains why off-campus exercises are hard to monitor.
4 When China decided to require all primary and secondary school students to have at least one
hour off-campus sports activities in 2021, a national survey conducted by China Youth Daily among 1,165 parents
revealed that heavy academic homework was the chief reason why enough sports activities could not be guaranteed. To
be specific, 41.1 percent of the parents surveyed said outdoor exercises were a waste of time.
For these parents, I would suggest they read a study report published recently in The Lancet Regional Health
— Western Pacific. 5 The risk of myopia is not to be overlooked.
A．However, carrying out such a policy has encountered certain obstacles.
B．Schools have strengthened the management of campus safety in recent years.
C．This chemical acts as a key regulator in preventing the abnormal growth of the eyeball.
D．The report highlights the tie between insufficient outdoor activity and high myopia risk.
E．The data provides solid evidence for the importance of outdoor time in myopia prevention.
F．Many parents send their children to after-school tutoring classes to boost academic performance.
G．This plan aims to improve the overall health of the younger generation through targeted measures.
【答案】1．G 2．C 3．E 4．A 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，围绕中国2035 年建设教育强国的总体规划，阐述了户外活动不足与儿童
青少年近视、肥胖的关联，分析了推广校外体育活动面临的阻碍，并强调了户外活动对预防近视的重要
性。
1．上文“In January, China released a master plan for building a strong education system by 2035. With good
reason, the master plan links the lack of enough outdoor exercise with the prevalence of myopia and obesity among
the country’s children and adolescents.(今年1 月，中国发布了到2035 年建设教育强国的总体规划。该规划有
理有据地将户外活动不足与我国儿童青少年近视和肥胖的高发率联系起来。)”介绍了总体规划的发布及相
关关联。选项G“该规划旨在通过有针对性的措施，改善年轻一代的整体健康状况。”承接上文，说明总体
规划的目的。故选G。
2．上文“In a popular science report released in 2025, China Youth Daily explained that outdoor lights can help
one’s retina release more dopamine, which in turn helps prevent eyeball elongation — a main cause of myopia.(在
2025 年发布的一份科普报告中，《中国青年报》解释说，户外光线可以帮助视网膜释放更多多巴胺，进而
有助于防止眼球拉长——这是近视的主要原因。)”提到了多巴胺的作用。选项C“这种化学物质是防止眼球
异常生长的关键调节器。”中的“这种化学物质”指代上文的多巴胺，进一步解释多巴胺的作用。故选
C。
3．上文“The newspaper also explained that children playing less than one hour a day outdoors are two to three
times more likely to develop myopia than those who play at least two hours a day outdoors.(该报还解释说，每天
户外活动少于一小时的儿童患近视的概率是每天户外活动至少两小时儿童的两到三倍。)”给出了具体数
据。选项E“这些数据为户外活动时间对预防近视的重要性提供了有力证据。”总结上文数据的意义，呼应
本段预防近视的核心话题。故选E。
4．下文“When China decided to require all primary and secondary school students to have at least one hour off-
campus sports activities in 2021, a national survey conducted by China Youth Daily among 1,165 parents revealed
that heavy academic homework was the chief reason why enough sports activities could not be guaranteed.(2021
年，中国决定要求所有中小学学生至少有一小时的校外体育活动时间。中国青年报针对1165 名家长进行的
一项全国性调查结果显示，繁重的学业作业是无法保证足够体育活动时间的主要原因。)”说明校外体育活
动政策实施遇到困难。选项A“然而，实施这样的政策遇到了一定的阻碍。”总领下文，引出政策实施的困
难。故选A。
5．上文“For these parents, I would suggest they read a study report published recently in The Lancet Regional
Health — Western Pacific.(对于这些家长，我建议他们阅读最近发表在《柳叶刀·西太平洋地区健康》上的一
份研究报告。)”提到了一份研究报告。选项D“该报告强调了户外活动不足与高度近视风险之间的联系。”
介绍报告的核心内容，既呼应前文预防近视的话题，也针对前文家长认为户外活动浪费时间的观点给出反
驳依据。故选D。
Passage 5
（2026·陕西联考·二模）
1 When thinking about future events, optimists’ brains work similarly, while pessimists’ show greater
individuality. A Kobe University finding explains why optimists are more sociable — they may share a common
vision of the future.
Optimists tend to have more satisfying social relationships and wider networks. 2 Psychologist
YANAGISAWA Kuniaki wonders: “Why is this? Recent studies show people in central social positions have similar
brain responses to stimuli. So those with similar attitudes toward the future may imagine it similarly, making
understanding each other easier.”
3 To test this idea, Yanagisawa put together a team from social psychology and brain science. They
aimed to find out how thinking about the future appears in the brain.
“The question was untouched as it lies between two fields, but their combination opened this black box,”
Yanagisawa said. 4 They recruited 87 people ranging from pessimists to optimists, asking them to imagine
future events. Their brain activity was recorded via functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
The experiment provided clear brain evidence for the initial idea. 5 This similarity not only explains
optimists’ better social connections but also offers new insights into how brain function shapes social behavior.
A．Have you ever wondered why optimists often have better social lives?
B．This similarity in brain function may explain their stronger social connections.
C．A key question came up: Could this brain similarity be the reason?
D．The lack of earlier research comes from the topic’s cross-field nature.
E．Brain activity patterns tracked by fMRI showed consistent brain responses in optimists.
F．Pessimists, by contrast, struggle to form such shared thinking patterns.
G．Social psychology and brain science rarely work together on such cross-field topics.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一项关于乐观者大脑活动的研究，解释乐观者社交更好的原因，即
他们思考未来时大脑反应相似。
1．根据后文“When thinking about future events, optimists’ brains work similarly, while pessimists’ show greater
individuality. A Kobe University finding explains why optimists are more sociable — they may share a common
vision of the future. (思考未来事件时，乐观者的大脑运作方式相似，而悲观者则表现出更强的个体差异。
神户大学的一项研究解释了为什么乐观者更善于社交——他们可能对未来有着共同的愿景。)”可知，后文
开始解释乐观者社交能力更好的原因，此空应提出相关疑问，A 选项“Have you ever wondered why
optimists often have better social lives? (你有没有想过为什么乐观者通常拥有更好的社交生活？)”引出下文对
原因的解释，符合语境。故选A 项。
2．根据前文“Optimists tend to have more satisfying social relationships and wider networks. (乐观者往往拥有
更令人满意的社交关系和更广泛的人脉。)”以及后文“Psychologist YANAGISAWA Kuniaki wonders: “Why
is this? Recent studies show people in central social positions have similar brain responses to stimuli. So those with
similar attitudes toward the future may imagine it similarly, making understanding each other easier.” (心理学家柳
泽国昭提出疑问：“为什么会这样？最近的研究表明，处于社交中心位置的人对刺激的大脑反应相似。因
此，那些对未来态度相似的人可能会以相似的方式想象未来，从而更容易相互理解。”)”可知，前文提出
乐观者社交更好的现象，后文心理学家对此提出疑问并给出相关研究依据，此空应承接上文，提出关于大
脑相似性是否为原因的关键问题，C 选项“A key question came up: Could this brain similarity be the reason?
(一个关键问题出现了：这种大脑相似性会不会就是原因？)”承上启下，符合语境。故选C 项。
3．根据后文“To test this idea, Yanagisawa put together a team from social psychology and brain science. They
aimed to find out how thinking about the future appears in the brain. (为了验证这一想法，柳泽组建了一支由社
会心理学和脑科学领域人员组成的团队。他们旨在弄清思考未来在大脑中是如何体现的。)”可知，后文说
明要验证前文提到的想法，此空应先点明这个想法的内容，即大脑功能的相似性可以解释他们更强的社交
联系，B 选项“This similarity in brain function may explain their stronger social connections. (这种大脑功能的
相似性或许可以解释他们更强的社交联系。)”承接上文的疑问，且引出后文的验证实验，符合语境。故选
B 项。
4．根据前文““The question was untouched as it lies between two fields, but their combination opened this
black box,” Yanagisawa said. (柳泽说：“这个问题之前无人触及，因为它介于两个领域之间，但两者的结合
打开了这个黑匣子。”)”可知，前文说明该问题因跨领域而未被研究，此空应进一步解释缺乏早期研究的
原因，D 选项“The lack of earlier research comes from the topic’s cross-field nature. (早期研究的缺乏源于该话
题的跨领域属性。)”与前文内容相呼应，解释了原因，符合语境。故选D 项。
5．根据前文“The experiment provided clear brain evidence for the initial idea. (实验为最初的想法提供了明确
的大脑证据。)”以及后文“This similarity not only explains optimists’ better social connections but also offers
new insights into how brain function shapes social behavior. (这种相似性不仅解释了乐观者更好的社交联系，
也为大脑功能如何塑造社交行为提供了新的见解。)”可知，前文说明实验得到了证据，后文提到这种相似
性，此空应说明实验中fMRI 的检测结果，即乐观者的大脑反应一致，E 选项“Brain activity patterns
tracked by fMRI showed consistent brain responses in optimists. (功能性磁共振成像追踪的大脑活动模式显
示，乐观者的大脑反应一致。)”给出实验的具体结果，且引出后文的相似性，符合语境。故选E 项。
Passage 6
（2026·青海·二模）
“Comparison is the thief of joy.” You’ve likely heard this popular quote before. But these days, it’s more
telling than ever.
Comparing ourselves to others is human nature. 1 But far too often, comparisons become harmful to
the point where your thoughts aren’t your own anymore.
With the explosion of social media, you have the opportunity to compare yourself to nearly every person on
the planet all the time. 2
Here are some expert tips to avoid toxic comparisons and refocus your energy on positive things.
Find your tribe
Although comparison is human nature, you can choose who you compare yourself to.
3
Connect
with like-minded people by joining a class, group or hobby tailored to people with similar interest. Just be mindful
not to compare your efforts to others there — you’re all learning at your own rate.
4
“Go touch grass” is a popular internet saying for “It’s time for a digital detox.” But the funny comment
makes a good point. The outside world is a physical reminder that there are so many things more important than
our waistlines, clothes or bank accounts. If you find yourself caught in a cycle of comparisons, turn off your laptop
or phone and go for a walk outside.
Get a reality check
Have you noticed how rarely you see someone who truly looks like the Instagram models or TikTok stars you
scroll past? Users on social media are known to only post the best pictures or fun stories, even though that is certainly
not reality.
5
A．Take a break from screens.
B．Build a healthy community
C．This often puts a lot of pressure on us
D．Do meditation and practice mindfulness
E．It’s important to appreciate your own achievements
F．You really don’t know what’s going on in other people’s lives
G．In some cases, this can be a good thing, inspiring us to do better
【答案】1．G 2．C 3．E 4．A 5．F
【导语】本文指出社交媒体加剧了有害的社交比较，并给出了避免有毒比较、重获积极心态的几条实用专
家建议。
1．由上文“Comparing ourselves to others is human nature.(与他人比较是人的天性。)”以及下文“But far too
often, comparisons become harmful to the point where your thoughts aren’t your own anymore.(但很多时候，比
较会变得有害，甚至让你失去自己的想法。)”可知，前文指出比较是人的本能，下文用转折词But 说明比
较的危害，空格处应先说明比较的积极作用，形成先扬后抑的逻辑，G 项“In some cases, this can be a good
thing, inspiring us to do better.(在某些情况下，这可能是件好事，激励我们做得更好。)”符合此处语境，其中
“this”指代上文“Comparing ourselves to others”，承接上文并为下文转折做铺垫。
2．由上文“With the explosion of social media, you have the opportunity to compare yourself to nearly every
person on the planet all the time.(随着社交媒体的爆发式发展，你有机会随时和地球上几乎所有人进行比
较。)”可知，前文说明社交媒体极大地增加了比较的频率和范围，空格处应说明这种现象带来的负面影
响，C 项“This often puts a lot of pressure on us.(这常常给我们带来很大的压力。)”符合此处语境，其中
“This”指代上文社交媒体带来的频繁比较，承接上文逻辑。
3．由上文“Although comparison is human nature, you can choose who you compare yourself to.(虽然比较是人
的天性，但你可以选择和谁进行比较。)”可知，前文提出可以自主选择比较对象，空格处承接这一观点，
进一步说明在选择比较对象的同时应有的正确心态，E 项“It’s important to appreciate your own
achievements.(欣赏自己的成就很重要。)”符合此处语境，与下文“Just be mindful not to compare your efforts
to others there — you’re all learning at your own rate.(只是要注意不要把自己的努力和那里的其他人比较
—— 你们都在以自己的节奏学习。)”相呼应，强调关注自身成长而非他人进度。
4．由下文““Go touch grass” is a popular internet saying for“ It’s time for a digital detox.” But the funny
comment makes a good point. The outside world is a physical reminder that there are so many things more
important than our waistlines, clothes or bank accounts. If you find yourself caught in a cycle of comparisons, turn
off your laptop or phone and go for a walk outside.(“去摸草”是一句流行的网络用语，意思是“该进行数字排
毒了”。但这句调侃的话却说得很有道理。外面的世界会实实在在地提醒我们，有太多事情比我们的腰
围、穿搭或是银行存款更重要。如果你发现自己陷入了攀比的怪圈，那就关掉电脑或手机，去户外走走
吧。)”可知，本段核心建议是远离电子设备，A 项“Take a break from screens.(远离屏幕休息一下。)”符合
此处语境，作为本段小标题，统领全段内容。
5．由上文“Users on social media are known to only post the best pictures or fun stories, even though that is
certainly not reality.(众所周知，社交媒体用户只发布最好的照片或有趣的故事，尽管这肯定不是现实。)”可
知，前文指出社交媒体展示的内容具有片面性，空格处应进一步说明我们无法了解他人的真实生活，F 项
“You really don’t know what’s going on in other people’s lives.(你真的不知道别人的生活中发生了什么。)”符
合此处语境。
Passage 7
（2026·宁夏银川·二模）
Are you able to plan a balanced weekly meal? Are you able to budget your monthly allowance wisely? Are
you able to fix a loose bookshelf or perform basic first aid? 1 This exposes a critical gap in modern K-12
education, which often prioritizes exam scores and academic strictness at the cost of practical life competencies.
Schools have excelled in preparing students to be academic high achievers, but may have fallen short in
nurturing essential life skills. 2 For many high school graduates stepping into college or independent living, the
lack of these basic skills becomes a sudden and stressful challenge. Unable to cook a simple meal, manage a monthly
budget, or even assemble furniture, they often find themselves overwhelmed by the demands of daily life. It is a
regret that schools produce academically accomplished individuals who are ill-equipped for routine domestic tasks.
3 For example, financial literacy fosters accountability and careful decision-making, while lessons on time
management cultivate discipline and efficiency. Even basic cooking classes can teach students about nutrition,
planning, and self-reliance — qualities that extend far beyond the kitchen. Equipped with these competencies, students
can better navigate adult life and make informed choices for their well-being. Thus, in our complex, fast-paced world,
schools must teach beyond traditional academic subjects.
After all, the responsibility cannot be fully shifted to families. The argument that parents should teach practical
life skills overlooks modern realities. Many working parents lack the time, and some may not possess the necessary
proficiency themselves. 4
Sandra Carey, a noted educator, puts it properly: “Knowledge gets you a job; wisdom gets you a life.” School is
not merely a place to transmit knowledge and prepare for careers. 5
A．Hence, schools must bridge this life skills gap.
B．Few of us can confidently say yes to these questions.
C．Yet practical skills are vital for independent adult life.
D．Integrating practical skills helps schools teach fuller life values.
E．Thus, academic achievement should remain the top priority of school education.
F．Rather, it empowers us with the wisdom to build a meaningful, self-sufficient life.
G．For instance, many local communities now offer after-school programs for adult learners.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．F
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章批判了现代基础教育过度强调学术成绩而忽视生活技能培养的问题，并
论证了学校应融合实践技能教育以帮助学生更好地应对成人生活。
1．前文“Are you able to plan a balanced weekly meal? Are you able to budget your monthly allowance wisely?
Are you able to fix a loose bookshelf or perform basic first aid? (你能够规划出一份均衡的每周饮食吗？你能够
明智地安排每月的开销吗？你能够修理一个松动的书架或者进行基本的急救处理吗？)”以三个问句开头，
后文“This exposes a critical gap in modern K-12 education, which often prioritizes exam scores and academic
strictness at the cost of practical life competencies. (这暴露出现代基础教育中一个严重的缺陷：这种教育往往
过于注重考试成绩和严格的学术要求，而忽视了实际生活能力的培养。)”指出对问题的回答暴露了现代基
础教育轻视实际生活能力的培养，空处应表明多数人对这些问题的回答是“不能”，从而引出批评，因此
B 项“Few of us can confidently say yes to these questions. (我们中很少有人能自信地对这些问题回答
“是”。)”符合语境，衔接问句，并引出后文对教育缺失的讨论，其中的these questions 指代前文的三个问
题。故选B。
2．前文“Schools have excelled in preparing students to be academic high achievers, but may have fallen short in
nurturing essential life skills. (学校在培养学生成为学业上的佼佼者方面做得非常出色，但在培养必要的生活
技能方面可能有所欠缺。)”指出学校在学术培养上成功，但在生活技能培养上不足，后文“For many high
school graduates stepping into college or independent living, the lack of these basic skills becomes a sudden and
stressful challenge. (对于许多即将步入大学或独立生活的高中毕业生来说，缺乏这些基本技能会突然成为一
种令他们感到压力重重的难题。)”指出高中毕业生缺乏基本技能时的困境，空处应进一步强调生活技能的
重要性，因此C 项“Yet practical skills are vital for independent adult life. (然而实践技能对独立的成人生活至
关重要。)”符合语境，承接前文学校的不足，引出后文缺乏技能导致的压力。故选C。
3．后文“For example, financial literacy fosters accountability and careful decision-making, while lessons on time
management cultivate discipline and efficiency. Even basic cooking classes can teach students about nutrition,
planning, and self-reliance — qualities that extend far beyond the kitchen. (例如，金融知识能够培养人们的责任
感和谨慎的决策能力，而时间管理方面的课程则能培养他们的自律能力和效率。甚至基础的烹饪课程也能
让学生了解营养知识、规划方法以及自立能力——这些品质的培养作用远不止于厨房这一领域。)”以“例
如”引出理财、时间管理、烹饪等课程的价值，说明该段在论证学习生活技能的好处，空处是段首句，应
提出学校应教授这些技能的观点，因此D 项“Integrating practical skills helps schools teach fuller life values.
(融合实践技能有助于学校教授更完整的生活价值观。)”符合语境，能概括后文的例子。故选D。
4．前文“The argument that parents should teach practical life skills overlooks modern realities. Many working
parents lack the time, and some may not possess the necessary proficiency themselves. (那种认为家长应当传授实
用生活技能的观点忽视了现实情况。许多在职父母根本没有时间去教授这些技能，而且有些家长自身也可
能不具备相应的技能水平。)”讨论家庭难以承担生活技能教育责任，空处应提出解决方案或进一步论证学
校责任，因此A 项“Hence, schools must bridge this life skills gap. (因此，学校必须弥补这一生活技能缺
口。)”符合语境，是基于前文逻辑得出的推论。故选A。
5．前文“Sandra Carey, a noted educator, puts it properly: “Knowledge gets you a job; wisdom gets you a life.”
School is not merely a place to transmit knowledge and prepare for careers. (著名教育家Sandra Carey 说得恰到
好处：“知识能帮你找到工作；而智慧则能让你拥有精彩的人生。”学校不仅仅是一个传授知识、为未来
职业做准备的地方。)”用教育家的话说明知识和智慧的作用，表明学校不仅是传授知识和职业准备的地
方，空处应进一步说明学校在智慧上的更高使命，因此F 项“Rather, it empowers us with the wisdom to build
a meaningful, self-sufficient life. (相反，它赋予我们智慧，以建立有意义、自给自足的生活。)”符合语境，
与引语中智慧的作用呼应，且其中的rather 与前文的not merely 形成对比。故选F。
主题04 人与社会——文学，艺术与体育
Passage 1
（2026·山西吕梁·二模）
They say once you learn how to ride a bike, you never forget. Most of us learnt when we were kids, and many
still put on our helmets, place our feet on the pedals, and shoot off for a ride around the streets. Nowadays, cycling
has seen a boost in popularity. Then comes the question, what makes it so appealing to people to ride their bikes once
again? 1
First, let’s look at the health benefits. Cycling can improve your cardiovascular (心血管的) health and burn
extra body fat. Stronger leg muscles mean you can push down on the pedals with more power and turn them more
quickly. 2 A long ride in the countryside could help you to clear your mind or destress.
3 By cycling, you save money on fuel or train fares. If you do drive into work, sometimes finding
somewhere to park can be a nightmare, whereas finding somewhere to chain your bike up can be much simpler. Then,
on the train, there are upsetting changes at stations and other commuters are always speaking loudly on their
phones. 4 And if you’re worried about safety, there are marked cycle lanes in many major cities. Wearing high-
visibility clothing, sometimes referred to as “hi-vis”, is another way to improve your safety when cycling on the
roads.
Finally, cycling can also be good for the environment. It can help you to reduce your carbon footprint. Not
releasing waste gas into the atmosphere is better for the planet and your own environment.
Believe it or not, more and more people want to cycle for their health, getting about town, their wallet, the
environment, or a combination of all of them —
5
.
A．Cyclists face neither of these issues.
B．The popularity of cycling is on the rise.
C．And cycling nowadays is out of date.
D．Its charm lies in the following aspects.
E．Cycling can be a great way to commute or get about town.
F．And cycling’s benefits aren’t just physical, but mental as well.
G．More and more people are choosing electric bikes for their daily commute.
【答案】1．D 2．F 3．E 4．A 5．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了骑自行车这一活动重新受到人们欢迎的原因，从健康益处、
出行便利、经济节省和环保等多个方面进行了阐述。
1．上文“Then comes the question, what makes it so appealing to people to ride their bikes once again? (那么问
题来了，是什么让骑自行车再次如此吸引人们呢?)”提出了关于自行车吸引力的疑问，D 选项“Its charm
lies in the following aspects. (其魅力在于以下几个方面。)”承接上文，直接回应了这一问题，并引出下文对
各项好处的具体阐述，其中“the following aspects”与下文提到的健康、出行、经济、环保等方面相呼应，
上下文语意连贯。故选D 项。
2．上文“Cycling can improve your cardiovascular (心血管的) health and burn extra body fat. Stronger leg
muscles mean you can push down on the pedals with more power and turn them more quickly. (骑自行车可以改善
你的心血管健康，燃烧多余的体脂。更强壮的腿部肌肉意味着你可以更有力地踩下踏板并更快地转动它
们。)”详细说明了骑车的身体益处，F 选项“And cycling’s benefits aren’t just physical, but mental as well. (而
且骑自行车的好处不仅仅是身体上的，还有精神上的。)”与上文构成递进关系，指出骑车除了身体益处外
还有精神益处；下文“A long ride in the countryside could help you to clear your mind or destress. (在乡村长途
骑行可以帮助你理清思绪或减压。)”具体说明了精神方面的好处，与F 选项中的“mental”相呼应，上下文
逻辑一致。故选F 项。
3．设空处位于段落开头，应为该段的主题句。下文“By cycling, you save money on fuel or train fares. (通过
骑自行车，你可以节省油费或火车票钱。)”以及“finding somewhere to chain your bike up can be much
simpler (找个地方锁车要简单得多)”等内容主要讨论了骑车通勤在经济和便利性方面的优势，E 选项
“Cycling can be a great way to commute or get about town. (骑自行车是通勤或进城出行的好方式)”准确概括
了本段主旨，点明骑车作为出行方式的实用性，符合段落主题句的功能。故选E 项。
4．上文“Then, on the train, there are upsetting changes at stations and other commuters are always speaking
loudly on their phones. (而在火车上，车站有令人烦恼的换乘，其他通勤者总是大声打电话。)”描述了乘坐
火车通勤时遇到的不便，A 选项“Cyclists face neither of these issues. (骑自行车的人不会面临这些问题中的
任何一个。)”承接上文，指出骑车可以避免这些麻烦，其中“neither of these issues”指代上文提到的换乘烦
恼和他人大声打电话的问题，上下文语意连贯、指代清晰。故选A 项。
5．上文“Believe it or not, more and more people want to cycle for their health, getting about town, their wallet,
the environment, or a combination of all of them (信不信由你，越来越多的人想要骑自行车是为了健康、出
行、省钱、环保，或是这些原因的综合)”列举了人们选择骑车的多种动机，B 选项“The popularity of
cycling is on the rise. (骑自行车的受欢迎程度正在上升。)”承接上文，对前文内容进行总结，指出正是由于
这些多样的好处，骑车越来越受欢迎，其中“on the rise”与上文“more and more people”相呼应，上下文逻
辑一致。故选B 项。
Passage 2
（2026·宁夏石嘴山·二模）
Winter is a perfect time to have a staycation. 1 . Taking the time to know your own town or city can
help you learn its heritage and appreciate your surroundings in a new light. Here’s how to get started.
Schedule it
2 . Find a time when you and your family members aren’t busy with commitments. Also try to
complete any household chores or homework in advance so you don't have to worry about those tasks during your
staycation.
3
When it’s cold outside, you can try a range of indoor activities on your staycation. Find out what sports your
local recreation center offers. Your local library may have Lego clubs or chess lessons. Now is a good time to
sharpen your skills in a new field.
Pretend to be a tourist
If you have lived in the same place for a while, you might not explore some of the local attractions that a
visitor might. Ask yourself this question: If I had a friend coming to my town, where would I suggest they go?
Maybe there’s a historic home you can tour or a popular restaurant you’ve never been to.
4
.
Consider day trips
Although your town is a great place for a staycation, anywhere that is within a short drive — where you don’t
have to stay overnight — can be included on your schedule.
5
. Then enjoy exploring and making memories
together!
A．Pursue a new activity.
B．Practice a type of sports.
C．As a new tourist, you are definitely eager to explore the local attractions.
D．Just like going on a trip out of town, you'll want to plan your staycation.
E．A local museum, zoo, or aquarium might have an exhibit you haven’t seen.
F．Talk to your family about the places you could go that are one to two hours away.
G．It is a period in which you participate in leisure activities within day-trip distance.
【答案】1．G 2．D 3．A 4．E 5．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了冬季居家旅行（staycation）的一些技巧。
1．根据上文“Winter is a perfect time to have a staycation.(冬天是居家度假的最佳时间。)”以及下文“Taking
the time to know your own town or city can help you learn its heritage and appreciate your surroundings in a new
light.(花时间了解你自己的城镇或城市可以帮助你了解它的历史，并以新的眼光欣赏你周围的环境。)”可
知，上文提到了居家度假，下文则提到了居家度假的好处，由此可知，空处承接上文继续说明居家度假的
定义，G 选项中“a staycation”对应上文中“a staycation”。故G 选项“它是你参与一日游距离内的休闲活
动的时间段”符合语境，故选G。
2．根据小标题“Schedule it(安排好时间。)”以及下文“Find a time when you and your family members aren’t
busy with commitments. Also try to complete any household chores or homework in advance so you don’t have to
worry about those tasks during your staycation.(找一个你和家人都没有其他安排的时间。试着提前完成任何家
务或作业，这样你在居家度假时就不必担心这些任务了。)”可知，本段主要围绕居家度假的时间安排展
开，D 选项中“plan”对应小标题中“Schedule”。故D 选项“就像出城旅行一样，你要计划好你的居家度
假”符合语境，故选D。
3．根据下文“When it’s cold outside, you can try a range of indoor activities on your staycation. Find out what
sports your local recreation center offers. Your local library may have Lego clubs or chess lessons. Now is a good
time to sharpen your skills in a new field.(当外面很冷的时候，你可以在居家度假时尝试一系列的室内活动。
看看你当地的娱乐中心提供什么运动。你当地的图书馆可能有乐高俱乐部或象棋课。现在是在一个新领域
提高技能的好时机。)”可知，本段主要说明了居家度假时可以尝试的活动，A 选项中“activity”对应下文中
“activities”。故A 选项“追求一项新的活动”符合语境，故选A。
4．根据上文“If you have lived in the same place for a while, you might not explore some of the local attractions
that a visitor might. Ask yourself this question: If I had a friend coming to my town, where would I suggest they
go? Maybe there’s a historic home you can tour or a popular restaurant you’ve never been to.(如果你在一个地方
住了一段时间，你可能不会像游客一样去探索当地的一些景点。问问自己这个问题：如果我有一个朋友来
我的城市，我会建议他们去哪里？也许有一个你从未去过的历史悠久的房子或受欢迎的餐馆。)”可知，本
段主要说明了要像游客一样去探索当地的景点，E 选项中“local”对应上文中“local”。故E 选项“当地的
博物馆、动物园或水族馆可能有你没看过的展览”符合语境，故选E。
5．根据上文“Although your town is a great place for a staycation, anywhere that is within a short drive — where
you don’t have to stay overnight — can be included on your schedule.(虽然你的城镇是居家度假的理想之地，
但任何在短途车程范围内的地方——你不需要在那里过夜——都可以列入你的日程安排。)”以及下文
“Then enjoy exploring and making memories together!(然后一起享受探索和创造回忆的乐趣吧！)”可知，本
段主要说明了一日游的情况，F 选项中“one to two hours away”对应上文中“within a short drive”。故F 选
项“和你的家人谈谈你可以去的一两个小时车程的地方”符合语境，故选F。
主题05 人与社会——科学与技术
Passage 1
（2026·辽宁鞍山·二测）
E-waste (also known as waste electrical and electronic equipment or WEEE) is the world’s fastest-growing
waste stream. 1 An estimated 50 million tons of e-waste is produced globally every year, weighing more
than all of the commercial airliners ever made. But only 20% of that is formally recycled, and most gets thrown away
or sent to landfill or burnt.
However, many people are unaware that waste electronics can hold significant quantities of valuable
materials. 2 Like all critical raw materials, gold is a finite resource, yet 7% of the world’s gold is currently
sitting in disused electronics. Traditional gold extraction (提取) from e-waste usually involves exporting devices to
other countries, where e-waste is smelted down at extremely high temperatures in a carbon-intensive process. 3
Chemist Hayley Messenger and her team, working with Canadian company Excir, have invented and patented a
new green technology to extract gold at room temperature. It can recover 99% of gold from the printed circuit boards
in old laptops and mobile phones. 4 The chemical solution can be reused up to 20 times, making the
process efficient, clean and low-carbon.
5 Besides, further innovation is also needed to make e-waste recycling mainstream, especially for
small electrical goods like chargers and cables. With more research and investment, these green technologies can
help build a more circular economy for precious metals and reduce the environmental harm caused by traditional
mining.
A．Gold is one of the precious materials in e-waste.
B．Its huge output and poor handling trouble the world.
C．E-waste production rises with electronic product upgrades.
D．So there is a pressing need for developing much greener methods.
E．The breakthrough method is both highly efficient and eco-friendly.
F．They want to recover as much of the precious metal as they can.
G．Green tech is the key to building a sustainable circular economy for metals.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．E 5．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章针对全球电子垃圾快速增长且处理不当的问题，从现状分析到解决方
案，全面介绍了电子垃圾回收领域的现状与创新。
1．空格前“E-waste (also known as waste electrical and electronic equipment or WEEE) is the world’s fastest-
growing waste stream.(电子垃圾，又称废弃电气电子设备，是世界上增长最快的垃圾流。)”点明了电子垃圾
快速增长的现状。空格后“An estimated 50 million tons of e-waste is produced globally every year, weighing
more than all of the commercial airliners ever made. But only 20% of that is formally recycled, and most gets
thrown away or sent to landfill or burnt.(据估计，全球每年产生5000 万吨电子垃圾，重量超过所有商用飞机
的总和。但其中只有20%得到正规回收，大部分被丢弃、填埋或焚烧。)”用数据说明了电子垃圾的巨大产
量和不当处理的问题。B 选项“Its huge output and poor handling trouble the world.(其巨大的产量和不当的处
理方式困扰着世界。)”既承接了前文的“快速增长”，又能自然引出后文的具体数据和问题描述，完美衔
接上下文。故选B 项。
2．空格前“However, many people are unaware that waste electronics can hold significant quantities of valuable
materials.(然而，很多人不知道废弃电子产品中含有大量有价值的材料。)”提到电子垃圾中含有珍贵材料。
空格后“Like all critical raw materials, gold is a finite resource, yet 7% of the world’s gold is currently sitting in
disused electronics.(像所有关键原材料一样，黄金是一种有限的资源，然而世界上7%的黄金目前存在于废
弃电子产品中。)”以黄金为例，具体说明电子垃圾中珍贵材料的含量。A 选项“Gold is one of the precious
materials in e-waste.(黄金是电子垃圾中的珍贵材料之一。)”既承接了前文的“珍贵材料”，又能自然引出后
文的“黄金”举例，让段落逻辑更连贯。故选A 项。
3．空格前“Traditional gold extraction (提取) from e-waste usually involves exporting devices to other countries,
where e-waste is smelted down at extremely high temperatures in a carbon-intensive process.(传统的从电子垃圾
中提取黄金的方法通常包括将设备出口到其他国家，在那里电子垃圾在碳密集型过程中被高温熔炼。)”提
到传统提取方法的弊端。D 选项“So there is a pressing need for developing much greener methods.(因此，迫
切需要开发更环保的方法。)”中的“So”承接了前文的弊端描述，引出后文对新环保技术的介绍，与段落逻
辑完全契合。故选D 项。
4．空格前“Chemist Hayley Messenger and her team, working with Canadian company Excir, have invented and
patented a new green technology to extract gold at room temperature. It can recover 99% of gold from the printed
circuit boards in old laptops and mobile phones.(化学家Hayley Messenger 和她的团队与加拿大公司Excir 合
作，发明并申请了一项在室温下提取黄金的新绿色技术专利。它可以从旧笔记本电脑和手机的印刷电路板
中回收99%的黄金。)”介绍了新技术的高回收率。空格后“The chemical solution can be reused up to 20
times, making the process efficient, clean and low-carbon.(这种化学溶液可以重复使用多达20 次，使该过程高
效、清洁且低碳。)”说明新技术的环保优势。E 选项“The breakthrough method is both highly efficient and
eco-friendly.(这种突破性方法既高效又环保。)”既承接了前文的“高回收率”，又能自然引出后文的“环保
优势”，是对新技术的精准概括。故选E 项。
5．空格后“Besides, further innovation is also needed to make e-waste recycling mainstream, especially for small
electrical goods like chargers and cables. With more research and investment, these green technologies can help
build a more circular economy for precious metals and reduce the environmental harm caused by traditional
mining.(此外，还需要进一步创新，使电子垃圾回收成为主流，尤其是对于充电器和电缆等小型电器。通
过更多的研究和投资，这些绿色技术可以帮助建立更循环的贵金属经济，减少传统采矿对环境的危害。)”
强调了绿色技术对循环经济的重要性。G 选项“Green tech is the key to building a sustainable circular
economy for metals.(绿色技术是建立可持续金属循环经济的关键。)”既承接了前文对新技术的介绍，又能自
然引出后文对循环经济的讨论，与段落主旨完全呼应。故选G 项。
Passage 2
（2026·辽宁·二测）
Smart Green Cities: Urban Solutions
Modern cities face growing challenges from pollution and energy waste, with urban populations expected to
reach 5 billion by 2030. 1 Through innovative technologies and eco-friendly designs, urban areas are
transforming into sustainable living spaces that balance human needs with environmental protection.
2 Solar panels now cover rooftops of office buildings, while wind turbines (涡轮机) spin silently
along coastlines. In Amsterdam, floating solar farms on canals generate power without occupying land. These
renewable sources provide over 40% of energy in advanced cities like Copenhagen. More importantly, smart grids (电
网) automatically adjust power distribution through AI algorithms, reducing power blackout risks by 65% according to
EUurban reports.
Transportation systems are undergoing revolutionary changes. 3 In Singapore,sensor-equipped
buses communicate with traffic lights to minimize waiting time, cutting commute ( 通勤) durations by 18%.
Meanwhile, shared electric motorcycles reduce private car usage by 28% in Tokyo’ s business districts. Oslo has
taken this further by banning fossil-fuel vehicles entirely within city centers since 2023.
Green architecture plays a vital role in urban cooling. Vertical gardens covering skyscrapers not only absorb
CO₂ but also lower indoor temperatures by 5—8℃. 4 Rainwater recycling systems installed (安装) in
73% of new Berlin apartments demonstrate this trend, saving 120 liters per household daily. Additionally, bio-concrete
walls that absorb pollution are being tested in Mexico City's subway stations.
Citizen participation remains key to success. Mobile apps like “EcoWatcher” allow residents to report
environmental issues instantly, with 92% of complaints resolved within 48hours in Seoul’ s pilot program. 5
Through collective efforts supported by technology,smart green cities are becoming achievable realities worldwide.
A．Urban planners prioritize eco-friendly zones nowadays.
B．Such designs also cut air conditioning costs significantly.
C．Energy efficıency starts with renewable power generation.
D．However, smart solutions are reshaping urban environments.
E．Self-drıving electric buses replace traditional fuel-based vehicles.
F．Real-time data helps authorities monitor energy consumption patterns.
G．Advanced waste sorting robots have been introduced in subway stations.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．E 4．B 5．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智能绿色城市的概念，通过技术创新和环保设计，城市正转
变为可持续发展的居住空间，涵盖能源、交通、建筑及公民参与等方面。
1．上文“Modern cities face growing challenges from pollution and energy waste, with urban populations
expected to reach 5 billion by 2030.(现代城市正面临着污染和能源浪费带来的日益严峻的挑战，预计到2030
年，城市人口将达到50 亿)”说明现代城市面临诸多问题。空处和前文为转折关系，说明有解决办法，引出
后文的解决措施。所以D 项“然而，智能解决方案正在重塑城市环境。”符合语境，且D 项中的“smart
solutions”与下文提到的“innovative technologies and eco-friendly designs”相呼应。故选D。
2．下文“Solar panels now cover rooftops of office buildings, while wind turbines spin silently along coastlines.
(太阳能电池板现在覆盖了办公楼的屋顶，而风力涡轮机则在海岸线上默默旋转)”说明可再生能源发电在城
市中的应用。空处为该段的主题句，所以C 项“能源效率始于可再生能源发电。”符合语境，且C 项中的
“renewable power generation”与下文提到的“solar panels”和“wind turbines”相呼应。故选C。
3．上文“Transportation systems are undergoing revolutionary changes.(交通系统正在经历革命性的变化)”说
明交通系统在变革。下文“In Singapore, sensor-equipped buses communicate with traffic lights to minimize
waiting time, cutting commute durations by 18%.(在新加坡，配备传感器的公交车与红绿灯进行通信，以最大
限度地减少等待时间，将通勤时间缩短18%)”说明新加坡交通系统的变革。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明
交通系统变革的其他例子。所以E 项“自动驾驶电动公交车取代了传统的燃油车辆。”符合语境，且E 项
中的“Self-driving electric buses”与下文提到的“sensor-equipped buses”相呼应。故选E。
4．上文“Green architecture plays a vital role in urban cooling. Vertical gardens covering skyscrapers not only
absorb CO₂ but also lower indoor temperatures by 5—8℃.(绿色建筑在城市降温中起着至关重要的作用。覆盖
摩天大楼的垂直花园不仅能吸收二氧化碳，还能将室内温度降低5-8℃)”说明绿色建筑在降温方面的作用。
空处和前文为顺接关系，进一步说明绿色建筑的其他作用。所以B 项“这样的设计也大大降低了空调成
本。”符合语境，且B 项中的“Such designs”指代上文提到的“Vertical gardens”。故选B。
5．上文“Citizen participation remains key to success. Mobile apps like “EcoWatcher” allow residents to report
environmental issues instantly, with 92% of complaints resolved within 48hours in Seoul’ s pilot program.(公民参
与仍然是成功的关键。像“EcoWatcher”这样的手机应用程序让居民能够立即报告环境问题，在首尔的试点
项目中，92%的投诉在48 小时内得到了解决)”说明公民参与在环保方面的作用。空处和前文为顺接关系，
进一步说明公民参与的其他方式。所以F 项“实时数据有助于当局监测能源消耗模式。”符合语境，且F
项中的“Real-time data”与上文提到的“mobile apps”相呼应，说明公民通过手机应用程序报告环境问题
后，当局可以利用这些实时数据来监测能源消耗模式。故选F。
Passage 3
（2026·云南玉溪·二检）
Staying Safe Online
In today’s digital age, our lives are closely connected with the Internet. 1 . However, the convenience of
the online world also brings risks of cybercrime, such as identity theft, virus attacks and information leaks. As more
personal data and daily activities move online, staying safe has become increasingly important. To protect ourselves, it
is necessary to learn some basic cybersecurity tips.
Use strong and unique passwords. A strong password usually has a mix of letters, numbers and symbols. It
should not be easy to guess or be recognized by software. 2 . Besides, never use the same password for
different accounts, as this can put all your information at risk if one account is broken into. A safe password is the
first step to protect your online accounts.
Be careful with public Wi-Fi. Public networks in cafes, airports and hotels are often not safe. They are usually
not well protected and easy to attack. 3 . If you have to use them, avoid paying online or logging into
important accounts like banking or email, as your personal information may be easily stolen.
4 . Do not open unknown links or download files from strange emails. These links may lead to
dangerous websites that steal your information. They may also cause serious damage to your electronic devices.
Always check the source before opening any link or attachment, especially from unknown senders, to keep your data
safe.
Keep your software updated. Software updates often include security patches that fix hidden problems. So
always install (安装) the latest updates for your system and apps. 5 .
A．Think before you click
B．Be careful with strange emails
C．Avoid using your name, birthday or simple numbers
D．Many people enjoy shopping, studying and communicating online
E．You should set a time limit for your daily use of electronic devices
F．This can greatly reduce the risk of being attacked by hidden viruses
G．Hackers can easily steal your data through insecure public networks
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．G 4．A 5．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了设置强密码、谨慎使用公共Wi-Fi、不乱点链接、及时更新软
件这四个保护个人信息的实用技巧。
1．根据上文“In today’s digital age, our lives are closely connected with the Internet.(在数字时代，我们的生活
与互联网紧密相连。)”和下文“However, the convenience of the online world also brings risks of cybercrime,
such as identity theft, virus attacks and information leaks.( 然而，网络世界的便利也带来了网络犯罪的风险，
例如身份盗窃、病毒攻击和信息泄露。)”可知，上文提到互联网带来的便利，下文用However 转折讲风
险。选项D“Many people enjoy shopping, studying and communicating online.(很多人喜欢网上购物、学习、
交流。)”具体说明网络如何融入生活，引出后文的转折，能承上启下。故选D。
2．本段主题是“Use strong and unique passwords.(使用强且独特的密码。)”，根据上文“It should not be
easy to guess or be recognized by software.(它应当不易被猜到，也不易被软件识别出来。)”可知，空处应该
解释什么样的密码不安全、不能用。选项C“Avoid using your name, birthday or simple numbers(避免使用姓
名、生日或简单数字)”是对“not easy to guess” 的具体举例，符合强密码要求。故选C。
3．本段主题是“Be careful with public Wi-Fi.(小心公共Wi-Fi。)”，上文“Public networks in cafes, airports
and hotels are often not safe. They are usually not well protected and easy to attack.( 咖啡馆、机场和酒店里的公
共网络往往并不安全。这些网络通常防护措施不足，极易受到攻击。)”提到公共网络不安全，易被攻击，
空处应该指出具体危害。选项G“Hackers can easily steal your data through insecure public networks(黑客可通
过不安全公共网络轻易窃取数据。)”解释为什么公共Wi-Fi 危险。故选G。
4．空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Do not open unknown links or download files from strange emails. These
links may lead to dangerous websites that steal your information. They may also cause serious damage to your
electronic devices. Always check the source before opening any link or attachment, especially from unknown
senders, to keep your data safe.(不要打开陌生邮件中的未知链接或下载文件。这些链接可能会跳转到窃取你
信息的危险网站，也可能对你的电子设备造成严重损害。在打开任何链接或附件前，务必先核查来源，尤
其是发件人陌生时，以此保障你的数据安全。)”可知，下文提到不要点开未知链接，点开前检查来源。由
此可知，本段主要讲述点击前要三思。选项A“Think before you click.(点击前先想一想。)”精准概括本段主
旨，适合作为段落小标题。故选A。
5．本段主题是“Keep your software updated.(保持软件更新。)”，根据上文“Software updates often include
security patches that fix hidden problems. So always install (安装) the latest updates for your system and apps.( 软
件更新通常包含安全补丁，用于修复隐藏的漏洞。因此，务必为你的系统和应用安装最新更新。)”可知，
上文指出更新含安全补丁，要装最新版，空处应解释更新软件的好处。选项F“This can greatly reduce the
risk of being attacked by hidden viruses.(这能大幅降低被隐藏病毒攻击的风险。)”是更新软件带来的安全效
果，总结本段。故选F。
Passage 4
（2026·陕西铜川·二测）
Even if you don’t worry that artificial intelligence will destroy the human race, you might worry that its
alarming appetite for electricity will destroy the environment — asking Chat GPT a question means using ten times
more energy than an old-fashioned approach. With new data centers planned, further growth in energy consumption
seems unavoidable. 1 In fact, AI may be less energy-hungry than many people assume. Better still, AI can
help decarbonize the industries that have proved hardest to clean up.
Consider AI’s appetite for energy first. The International Energy Agency (IEA) expects that electricity
consumption by data centres could be three times as much in the next five years. 2 Data centres today
only account for about 1.5% of the world’s electricity consumption — and the vast majority of that is due to streaming,
social media and online shopping, not AI.
3 AI stands out in identifying complex patterns, processing giant data sets and boosting systems, all
of which can help cut emissions sharply. AI is already helping improve the efficiency of electrical grids, cut fuel use
in shipping and spot otherwise invisible leaks of methane, a greenhouse gas.
The task for policymakers and industry bosses is to maximize such benefits while minimizing the climate
impacts. The most elegant solution would be for governments to set a proper price on carbon and leave the market to
do its work. 4
The first is greater transparency (透明). From August 2026 the EU will require some AI developers to report
their energy use in detail. A second is to rethink how data centres operate. The IEA notes that being able to shift
workloads between different data centres at different times could reduce stress and help balance energy grids. Third,
tech firms should hold themselves to their own environmental promises. 5 Doubling down on some
approaches would help transform AI from climate suspect to climate hero.
A．But the concern is misplaced.
B．That approach should be copied elsewhere.
C．Even if energy usage rises, though, the base is still low.
D．For instance, Microsoft aims to become “carbon negative” by 2030.
E．Microsoft’s greenhouse-gas emissions are up by almost 30% since 2020.
F．Moreover, some of AI’s electricity use will help with greening the economy.
G．But because it remains a distant dream, focusing on other measures is more realistic.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．F 4．G 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了人们对人工智能耗电的担忧，指出这种担忧不无道理但可能
被夸大，同时阐述了人工智能在节能减排方面的潜力及实现其气候效益的措施。
1．上文“With new data centers planned, further growth in energy consumption seems unavoidable.(随着新的数
据中心的规划，能源消耗的进一步增长似乎是不可避免的)”表达了对人工智能能源消耗增长的担忧。下文
“In fact, AI may be less energy-hungry than many people assume.(事实上，人工智能的能源消耗可能没有许多
人想象的那么高)”说明这种担忧是不恰当的。空处和前文为转折关系，说明这种担忧不合理。所以A 项
“但这种担忧是多余的”符合语境。故选A。
2．上文“The international Energy Agency (IEA) expects that electricity consumption by data centres could be
three times as much in the next five years.(国际能源署（IEA）预计，未来五年数据中心的电力消耗可能会增
加两倍)”说明人们对数据中心耗能增长的担忧。空处和前文为转折关系，说明即使增长，基数仍较低。所
以C 项“不过，即使能源使用量上升，基数仍然很低。”符合语境。C 选项中的“energy usage rises”与上
文中的“electricity consumption could be three times as much”相呼应。故选C。
3．下文“AI stands out in identifying complex patterns, processing giant data sets and boosting systems, all of
which can help cut emissions sharply.(人工智能在识别复杂模式、处理海量数据集和提升系统方面表现突
出，所有这些都能大幅减少排放)”说明AI 在减排、环保方面的积极作用。空处为段落的主题句，需引出
AI 耗能的积极意义。所以F 项“此外，AI 的部分电力使用将有助于经济绿化。”符合语境。F 选项中的
“help with greening the economy”与下文中AI 助力减排、推动环保的内容相呼应。故选F。
4．上文“The most elegant solution would be for governments to set a proper price on carbon and leave the
market to do its work.(最理想的解决方案是政府为碳设定合理价格，让市场发挥作用)”提出了一个解决措
施。空处和前文为转折关系，说明该措施暂难实现，需关注其他方法。所以G 项“但由于这仍是一个遥远
的梦想，关注其他措施更为现实。”符合语境。G 选项中的“that approach”与上文中的“set a proper price
on carbon”相呼应，故选G。
5．上文“Third, tech firms should hold themselves to their own environmental promises.(第三，科技公司应坚
守自己的环保承诺)”提出科技公司的环保责任。空处和前文为举例关系，说明科技公司践行环保承诺的例
子。所以D 项“例如，微软计划到2030 年实现“碳负排放”。”符合语境。D 选项中的“Microsoft”是上
文中“tech firms”的具体例子。故选D。
主题06 人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通
Passage 1
（2026·陕西延安联考·二模）
In recent years, more people have begun to prioritize their emotional well-being over constant availability.
The phrase “protect your peace” has become a guiding principle for those who feel exhausted by endless demands,
unspoken duties, and relationships that take more than they give. 1 It is a response to burnout.
People begin to withdraw not because they do not care, but because they have spent too long caring without
limits. 2 Some conversations are difficult but necessary. The challenge lies in knowing when silence
preserves your well-being and when it quietly costs you your sense of self.
Boundaries are often misunderstood as rules imposed (强加) on others. 3 They reflect who you
believe you are and what you believe you are allowed to need. Many people struggle with boundaries not because
they lack communication skills, but because they have internalized the belief that their worth is tied to how much
they give.
4 Healthy, loving relationships thrive on clarity and care. Silence can create distance, while thoughtful
communication can strengthen trust. Explaining a boundary does not weaken it. When done with honesty and
kindness, it helps others understand that your limits are not rejection, but preservation.
Boundaries are not demands. They are signals. They show others what we value and what we will protect.
Over time, this clarity reshapes relationships, making room for mutual respect. Protecting your peace is not a single
decision but an ongoing practice. It requires reflection, communication, and the willingness to redefine strength. In
choosing yourself with honesty and care, you do not lose connection. 5
A．This shift isn’t about selfishness.
B．Instead, you create healthier ones.
C．As a matter of fact, they are rooted in identity.
D．Healthy relationships often require regular apology.
E．Protecting your peace doesn’t remove the need for explanation.
F．Yet protecting your peace doesn’t mean avoiding all discomfort.
G．It means refusing to lose yourself in the process of deep reflection.
【答案】1．A 2．F 3．C 4．E 5．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了近年来人们开始重视情绪健康，将“保护内心的平静”作为应
对疲惫和无尽需求的准则，并阐述了设定界限的重要性及其对健康关系的积极影响。
1．根据上文““protect your peace” has become a guiding principle for those who feel exhausted by endless
demands, unspoken duties, and relationships that take more than they give.(“保护你的平静”已经成为那些被无
尽的需求、未说出口的责任以及付出多于收获的关系所疲惫的人的指导原则。)”和下文“It is a response to
burnout.(这是对倦怠的一种回应。)”可知，空处是对“保护你的平静”这一原则的进一步解释，说明它不
是一种自私的行为，而是对倦怠的回应。选项A“This shift isn’t about selfishness.(这种转变不是关于自
私。)”符合语境。故选A。
2．根据下文“Some conversations are difficult but necessary. The challenge lies in knowing when silence
preserves your well-being and when it quietly costs you your sense of self.(有些对话很难，但却是必要的。挑战
在于知道什么时候沉默能保护你的幸福，什么时候沉默会悄悄地让你失去自我意识。)”可知，空处与下文
形成转折关系，说明保护内心的平静并不意味着要避免所有的不适，有些对话虽然困难但却是必要的。选
项F“Yet protecting your peace doesn’t mean avoiding all discomfort.(然而，保护你的平静并不意味着避免所有
的不适。)”符合语境。故选F。
3．根据上文“Boundaries are often misunderstood as rules imposed on others.(界限常常被误解为强加给他人
的规则。)”和下文“They reflect who you believe you are and what you believe you are allowed to need.(它们反
映了你认为你是谁，以及你认为你可以需要什么。)”可知，空处应是对界限的进一步解释，说明界限不是
强加给他人的规则，而是根植于个人的身份认同。选项C“As a matter of fact, they are rooted in identity.(事实
上，它们根植于身份认同。)”符合语境。故选C。
4．根据下文“Healthy, loving relationships thrive on clarity and care. Silence can create distance, while
thoughtful communication can strengthen trust. Explaining a boundary does not weaken it. When done with
honesty and kindness, it helps others understand that your limits are not rejection, but preservation.(健康、充满爱
的关系需要清晰和关心。沉默会产生距离，而深思熟虑的交流可以加强信任。解释界限并不会削弱它。当
以诚实和善良的方式去做时，它有助于他人理解你的界限不是拒绝，而是保护。)”可知，空处应是对下文
内容的总结，说明保护内心的平静并不意味着不需要解释，而是需要清晰和关心的交流。选项E“Protecting
your peace doesn’t remove the need for explanation.(保护你的平静并不意味着不需要解释。)”符合语境。故选
E。
5．根据上文“In choosing yourself with honesty and care, you do not lose connection.(在诚实和关心地选择自
己时，你不会失去联系。)”可知，空处应是对上文的进一步解释，说明在保护自己的平静时，不仅不会失
去联系，反而会建立更健康的关系。选项B“Instead, you create healthier ones.(相反，你会建立更健康的关
系。)”符合语境。故选B。
Passage 2
（2026·陕西西安·二模）
In September 2016, Tulika Prasad faced one of her most challenging days as the mother of Vedant, her
nonverbal autistic (患孤独症的) 7-year-old son. The difficulties began when his school announced they could no
longer accommodate him, followed by his speech therapist withdrawing support. Prasad recalled that difficult period, “
1 ”
Determined to maintain normalcy, Prasad took Vedant shopping later that day. 2 He pulled his
mother’s hair violently while crying uncontrollably. “The pain was sharp, and I felt every eye in the store judging
us,” Prasad described the shaming moment.
Then came an unexpected act of kindness from the woman ahead of them in line. 3 More remarkably,
when Vedant eventually calmed down, Prasad discovered this stranger had quietly paid for their groceries. At the
store’s exit, when Prasad tried to repay her, the woman simply said, “I have an autistic child too. I understand.” She
declined repayment and instead walked with them to their car, pushing their cart (购物车) in what Prasad described
as “the most healing silence”.
This encounter stood in sharp contrast to the usual parenting advice Prasad received. “That day, I didn’t need
more suggestions about how to handle my son,” she explained. “ 4 ”
Now as a 10th grader at a special needs school, Vedant continues to face challenges in public spaces. But
that supermarket experience changed Prasad’s perspective permanently. “I realized there are people who truly
understand,” she said. “ 5 ”
The woman’s actions, from paying their bill to her quiet companionship, demonstrate a profound empathy that
still resonates (回响) with Prasad years later. “She didn’t pity me. She simply knew what I needed in that moment,”
Prasad reflected. “That kind of understanding is rare and precious.”
A．I could see how defeated he felt.
B．He broke down in public, frightening me.
C．At that moment a stranger responded with understanding.
D．I just needed someone to stand between me and the staring eyes.
E．That experience has made me stronger in facing our daily struggles.
F．While waiting in line at checkout, the overwhelmed boy suddenly erupted.
G．Without hesitation, she turned and offered to help unload their shopping cart.
【答案】1．A 2．F 3．G 4．D 5．E
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Tulika Prasad 作为一位非语言孤独症儿童的母亲，在儿子面临学
校和言语治疗师拒绝的困境时，一次超市购物中遭遇儿子情绪崩溃，却意外得到一位同样身为孤独症儿童
母亲的陌生人的理解与帮助的故事。
1．根据上文“In September 2016, Tulika Prasad faced one of her most challenging days as the mother of Vedant,
her nonverbal autistic (患孤独症的) 7-year-old son. The difficulties began when his school announced they could
no longer accommodate him, followed by his speech therapist withdrawing support. Prasad recalled that difficult
period (2016 年9 月，Tulika Prasad 作为她7 岁非语言孤独症儿子Vedant 的母亲，面临着最艰难的日子之
一。先是学校宣布无法再接收他，接着言语治疗师也撤回了支持。Prasad 回忆起那段艰难时期。)”可知，
空格处内容应该与儿子Vedant 的艰难处境有关，A 项“我能看出他多么沮丧。”符合语境，承接上文，说
明儿子因为学校和治疗师的拒绝而感到挫败。故选A。
2．根据上文“Determined to maintain normalcy, Prasad took Vedant shopping later that day. (Prasad 为了保持正
常生活，当天晚些时候带Vedant 去购物。)”以及下文“He pulled his mother’s hair violently while crying
uncontrollably. (然而他却无法控制地哭泣并猛烈地拉扯母亲的头发。)”由此可知，空格处内容应该与Vedant
在购物时情绪崩溃有关，F 项“在结账排队时，这个不堪重负的男孩突然爆发了。”符合语境，承上启
下，说明Vedant 在购物时情绪失控。故选F。
3．根据上文“Then came an unexpected act of kindness from the woman ahead of them in line. (排在她们前面
的那位女士做出了一个意想不到的善举。)”以及下文“More remarkably, when Vedant eventually calmed
down, Prasad discovered this stranger had quietly paid for their groceries. (更令人惊讶的是，当Vedant 最终平静
下来时，Prasad 发现这位陌生人悄悄地为她们付了杂货钱。)”由此可知，空格处内容应该与这位陌生人的
善举有关，G 项“她毫不犹豫地转过身来，提出帮忙把购物车里的商品卸下来。”符合语境，承上启下，说
明这位陌生人主动提出帮忙，并为她们付了钱。故选G。
4．根据上文“That day, I didn’t need more suggestions about how to handle my son (那天，Prasad 不需要更多
关于如何处理儿子的建议。)”可知，由此可知，空格处内容应该与Prasad 当时真正需要的东西有关，D 项
“我只是需要有人站在我和那些注视的目光之间。”符合语境，承接上文，说明Prasad 当时真正需要的是
有人能理解她，站在她身边，为她挡住那些异样的目光。故选D。
5．根据上文“But that supermarket experience changed Prasad’s perspective permanently. “I realized there are
people who truly understand,” (但那次超市的经历永久地改变了Prasad 的看法，她说：“我意识到有人真的
理解我。”)”由此可知，空格处内容应该与这次经历对Prasad 的积极影响有关，E 项“那次经历让我在面
对日常挑战时变得更坚强。”符合语境，承接上文，说明这次经历让Prasad 更加坚强，能够更好地面对日
常挑战。故选E。
Passage 3
（2026·四川成都·二模）
Our conversations define us and shape us as individuals. 1 Just as an expert says, “The quality of
our conversations is directly tied to our personal happiness, and to our social and professional success.” While issues
like nutrition have become a public health priority, we know very little about the extraordinary human capacity -
conversational abilities.
2 We struggle to engage in dialogue with people who are different from us. We forget to listen to
others when they speak, which is the bedrock of empathy and cooperation. We give improper responses without
knowing it.
For this reason, we urgently need to make conversational literacy a matter of public interest. This skill enables
us to be more reflective and aware of the power of everyday conversation. It also helps us to identify and avoid
harmful conversations. 3
When we have a real, face-to-face conversation and give our full attention, something special happens. 4
We unconsciously copy movements and coordinate with one another. Research also shows that our brains can become
synchronised (同步) during meaningful conversations. The deeper the conversation, the stronger this connection
becomes.
You can start building conversational literacy today. 5 Engaging in a genuine conversation will
have a huge impact on the success and development — both personal and professional — of the youngest members
of the family.
A．Our bodies naturally adjust to each other.
B．Everyday conversation comes very natural to us.
C．Consequently, our social relationship will improve.
D．They can create or destroy our social relationships.
E．This enables us to better recognize and express feelings.
F．Many of us do not understand how to handle a tough conversation.
G．You can try having family dinner talks without mobile phones in sight.
【答案】1．D 2．F 3．C 4．A 5．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了对话深刻影响个人与社交，而当下人们普遍缺乏对话能力。因此我
们需培养对话素养，它能优化社交，而真诚的面对面交流更能拉近彼此距离。
1．前文“Our conversations define us and shape us as individuals.(我们的交流定义并塑造了我们作为个体的
特质和性格。)”指出对话塑造个体，后文提及对话质量与幸福、成功相关。D 项“They can create or destroy
our social relationships.(它们能创造也能摧毁我们的社交关系。)”中they 指代conversations，承接上文对话
的重要影响，逻辑连贯。故选D 项。
2．后文“We struggle to engage in dialogue with people who are different from us. We forget to listen to others
when they speak, which is the bedrock of empathy and cooperation. We give improper responses without knowing
it.(我们很难与与自己不同的人进行对话。当我们别人讲话时，我们往往会忘记倾听，而这正是同理心和合
作的基础。我们会在不知情的情况下给出不当的回答。)”列举了人们在对话中遇到的诸多问题（难以与不
同的人交流、不会倾听等），F 项“Many of us do not understand how to handle a tough conversation.(我们中
的许多人并不知道如何处理棘手的对话。)”总起本段，引出下文的具体问题。故选F 项。
3．上文“For this reason, we urgently need to make conversational literacy a matter of public interest. This skill
enables us to be more reflective and aware of the power of everyday conversation. It also helps us to identify and
avoid harmful conversations.(因此，我们迫切需要将交流素养提升为公众关注的议题。这种技能使我们能够
更加深思熟虑，并意识到日常交流的力量。它还能帮助我们识别并避免有害的对话。)”本段阐述对话素养
带来的益处，C 项“Consequently, our social relationship will improve.(因此，我们的社交关系将会得到改
善。)”承接前文“避免有害对话”，进一步说明对话素养的积极结果。故选C 项。
4．后文“We unconsciously copy movements and coordinate with one another.(我们会不自觉地模仿动作并相
互协调。)”提到“无意识模仿动作、彼此配合”，A 项“Our bodies naturally adjust to each other.(我们的身
体会自然而然地适应彼此。)”与肢体动作同步的语境高度契合，符合语境。故选A 项。
5．前文“You can start building conversational literacy today.(您今天就可以开始培养对话能力了。)”建议开
始培养对话素养，后文“Engaging in a genuine conversation will have a huge impact on the success and
development — both personal and professional — of the youngest members of the family.(进行一场真诚的对话
会对家庭中最年幼成员的个人发展和职业发展产生巨大的影响。)”强调家庭对话的意义，G 项“You can try
having family dinner talks without mobile phones in sight.(你可以尝试在家庭聚餐时不要让手机出现在视线范
围内进行交流。)”给出具体可行的做法，衔接上下文。故选G 项。
Passage 4
（2026·四川攀枝花·二模）
Many people struggle to say “no” to requests from others, both in the workplace and their personal lives.
Saying no isn’t always negative. 1 Declining the tasks we can’t handle is an exercise in self-care. It’s about
respecting our own time, energy, and personal limits, and being respected in return. It’s also about reducing stress
and learning how to set boundaries.
However, saying no isn’t easy for some people. 2 For these people, a “soft no” can be a good start. This
involves providing an explanation, without being overly apologetic. For instance, “Thank you so much for asking me
to work on this project. It sounds really interesting, but I can’t handle this right now.” Over time, as confidence grows,
use “hard no” responses. A “hard no” is firm, clear, and brief. For example, “No, thank you,” or “Thank you, but I’m
not available this week.” 3
Learning to say no doesn’t mean we can’t ever say yes. However, we should only accept requests that match
with our personal values, make us feel good, and for which we truly have the time and energy.
4
A recent study showed that the negative consequences of declining requests are less than we think,
especially in social situations. Furthermore, we tend to overestimate how others will react to our refusals. In fact,
most reactions are far more positive or neutral than we anticipate.
Of course, having difficulty saying no isn’t a mental illness. If it keeps bothering you, however, it might be a
sign of something deeper. This behavior can reveal low self-esteem (自尊) or personality disorders.
5
A．In these cases, seeking treatment can allow the person to deal with any underlying issues.
B．Perhaps we worry unnecessarily about saying no to other people.
C．We struggle with refusal because we value our friendship.
D．Saying yes to everything is a people-pleasing behavior.
E．It can be a skill that requires intentional practice.
F．Saying no gets easier the more we practice.
G．It can be a healthy thing.
【答案】1．G 2．E 3．F 4．B 5．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文指出说不是健康的自我关怀，可通过练习掌握软、硬拒绝法，不必过度担
心拒绝的后果，若长期困扰可寻求专业帮助。
1．前文“Many people struggle to say “no” to requests from others, both in the workplace and their personal
lives. Saying no isn’t always negative.( 许多人无论是在工作场合还是个人生活中，都难以拒绝他人的请求。
说“不”并不总是意味着是负面的行为。)”提到“说不并不总是负面的”，后文“It’s about respecting our
own time, energy, and personal limits, and being respected in return. It’s also about reducing stress and learning
how to set boundaries.( 这涉及到尊重我们自己的时间、精力和个人限度，并且也意味着得到他人的尊重。
这还关乎减轻压力以及学会设定界限。)”列举了说不的诸多健康益处（自我关怀、尊重边界、减少压
力）。G 选项“It can be a healthy thing.( 这可以是一件健康的事。)”完美承上启下，衔接前后逻辑。故选G
项。
2．前文“However, saying no isn’t easy for some people.( 然而，对某些人来说，说“不”并非易事。)”提到
“对有些人来说说不并不容易”，后文“For these people, a “soft no” can be a good start.( 对于这些人来说，
一个“软拒绝”可能是一个良好的开端。)”、“Over time, as confidence grows, use “hard no” responses.( 随
着时间的推移，随着自信的增强，我们可以使用“硬拒绝”方式。)”紧接着介绍了“软拒绝”和“硬拒
绝”两种可练习的方法。E 选项 “It can be a skill that requires intentional practice.( 这是一项需要刻意练习
的技能。)”自然引出下文的具体练习方式，上下文语意连贯。故选E 项。
3．前文“For these people, a “soft no” can be a good start. This involves providing an explanation, without being
overly apologetic. For instance, “Thank you so much for asking me to work on this project. It sounds really
interesting, but I can’t handle this right now.” Over time, as confidence grows, use “hard no” responses.( 对于这些
人来说，一个“软拒绝”是一个良好的开端。这包括给出解释，但不要过于歉意。例如，“非常感谢您邀
请我参与这个项目。听起来真的很有趣，但我现在无法处理这项工作。”随着时间的推移，随着信心的增
长，可以使用“硬拒绝”方式。)”详细讲解了从“软拒绝”到“硬拒绝”的进阶练习方法。F 选项“Saying
no gets easier the more we practice.( 我们练习得越多，说不就会变得越容易。)”作为本段结尾，总结了练习
带来的效果，逻辑通顺。故选F 项。
4．后文“A recent study showed that the negative consequences of declining requests are less than we think,
especially in social situations.( 最近的一项研究表明，拒绝请求所带来的负面影响要小于我们的预期，尤其
是在社交场合中。)”用研究结果证明：拒绝的负面后果远没有我们想象的严重，我们高估了他人的反应。
B 选项“Perhaps we worry unnecessarily about saying no to other people.( 也许我们对拒绝他人这件事过度担
忧了。)”精准概括了本段核心，引出后文的研究佐证。故选B 项。
5．前文“If it keeps bothering you, however, it might be a sign of something deeper. This behavior can reveal low
self-esteem (自尊) or personality disorders.( 然而，如果这种状况一直困扰着你，那它可能表明存在更深层次
的问题。这种行为可能反映出自尊心低下或人格障碍。)”指出，如果难以拒绝一直困扰你，可能是低自尊
或人格障碍等深层问题的信号。A 选项“In these cases, seeking treatment can allow the person to deal with any
underlying issues.( 在这些情况下，寻求治疗可以帮助人们解决任何潜在问题。)”给出了对应的解决办法，
作为全文结尾自然收尾。故选A 项。
主题07 人与自然——环境保护和宇宙探索
Passage 1
（2026·吉林G35·二模）
If you’re looking for a physical and mental health boost, it’s time to head outside. 1 . Taking even
a few minutes to sit by a stream or rest in the shade of a tree can have great benefits. Nature therapy (治疗) can reduce
stress, lessen feelings of anxiety, and even boost physical well-being.
The term “nature therapy” might spark any number of visuals, from long walks on the beach to meditation
sessions in the park. And while it’s often associated with hours spent in the forest quietly communing with nature,
nature therapy can be much more accessible than that. 2 .
According to Erica, assistant professor at the University of Minnesota who specializes in nature therapy, there
are many ways to interact with nature. Sure, that includes intentionally engaging in therapeutic nature-based
experiences. 3 . Even viewing photos of nature scenes counts.
4 . You might gather friends for a forest walk, a picnic in a park, or simply sit together listening to
birdsong. Sharing these moments deepens the sense of connection — both to nature and to each other — while
multiplying the well-being benefits.
5 . Reo Jones, PhD candidate at OHSU, suggests that regular walks in nature can yield profound
benefits for both physical and mental health. “How quickly people can feel better! It blows my mind,” she says. “We
see that on the cellular level.”
A．It’s good for those lacking green space
B．This approach can enhance your creativity
C．You don’t even need to invest much time in it
D．Nature therapy can be a shared social experience
E．The best entry into this is to go outside and observe
F．Taking in the sights and sounds of the outdoors is important
G．It also means enjoying a park bench or listening to the sounds of nature
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．G 4．D 5．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了自然疗法对身心健康的好处，介绍了自然疗法的多种形式以
及它也可以是一种共享的社交体验。
1．上文“If you’re looking for a physical and mental health boost, it’s time to head outside.(如果你想促进身心
健康，是时候出门了)”说明出门对身心健康有益。下文“Taking even a few minutes to sit by a stream or rest
in the shade of a tree can have great benefits.(哪怕只花几分钟坐在小溪边，或是在树荫下休息，都能带来诸多
益处)”指出甚至短时间的户外活动也是有好处的，空处应说明户外活动不需要花费太多时间。所以C 项
“你甚至不需要在这上面投入太多时间。”符合语境。故选C。
2．上文“And while it’s often associated with hours spent in the forest quietly communing with nature, nature
therapy can be much more accessible than that.(虽然它通常与在森林里安静地与自然交流数小时联系在一起，
但自然疗法其实比那更容易实现)”说明自然疗法并非需要长时间在森林里，更容易实现。空处和前文为顺
接关系，说明这种易实现的特点对特定人群的好处。所以A 项“这对那些缺乏绿地的人很有好处。”符合
语境。A 选项承接前文“more accessible”，说明即使没有大片绿地（无需去森林），也能享受自然疗法，
体现其易实现的优势。故选A。
3．上文“According to Erica, assistant professor at the University of Minnesota who specializes in nature therapy,
there are many ways to interact with nature. Sure, that includes intentionally engaging in therapeutic nature-based
experiences.(根据明尼苏达大学专攻自然疗法的助理教授Erica 的说法，与自然互动有很多方式。当然，这
包括有意识地参与以自然为基础的治疗体验)”说明与自然互动的多种方式，先提到一种有意识的治疗体
验。空处和前文为顺接关系，补充另一种简单易操作的自然互动方式。所以G 项“它也意味着坐在公园的
长椅上或聆听大自然的声音。”符合语境。G 选项中的also 体现与前文的递进，“enjoying a park bench or
listening to the sounds of nature”是对“many ways to interact with nature”的补充，贴合“易实现”的特点，故
选G。
4．下文“You might gather friends for a forest walk, a picnic in a park, or simply sit together listening to
birdsong. Sharing these moments deepens the sense of connection — both to nature and to each other — while
multiplying the well-being benefits.(你可以和朋友一起去森林散步，在公园野餐，或者只是坐在一起听鸟
鸣。分享这些时刻可以加深与自然和彼此的联系，同时增加幸福感)”说明自然疗法可以和朋友一起进行，
是一种社交体验。空处是本段主旨句，概括本段核心内容。所以D 项“自然疗法可以是一种共享的社交体
验。”符合语境。故选D。
5．下文“Reo Jones, PhD candidate at OHSU, suggests that regular walks in nature can yield profound benefits
for both physical and mental health. “How quickly people can feel better! It blows my mind,” she says. “We see
that on the cellular level.”(俄勒冈健康与科学大学博士生Reo Jones 认为，定期在大自然中散步对身心健康都
有深远的好处。她说：“人们很快就会感觉好起来！这让我大吃一惊。”。“我们在细胞水平上看到了这
一点。”)”说明定期接触自然有好处，强调走进自然、感受自然的重要性。空处位于段首，应概括本段内
容。所以F 项“欣赏户外的景色和声音也很重要。”符合语境。F 选项中的“Taking in the sights and sounds
of the outdoors”与后文“regular walks in nature”相呼应，引出后文定期接触自然的益处。故选F。
Passage 2
（2026·甘肃嘉峪关·二诊）
Compared with the obvious environmental issues we hear about every day, littering (乱丢废物) is often taken
lightly. But it’s more severe than we may think.
1 This seems to be a completely harmless action due to the fact that it’s part of a fruit — right?
Actually, no. A banana peel (皮) can take up to two years to decompose (分解), and with a third of drivers admitting to
littering while driving, that’s a whole lot of banana peels, or much worse. An orange peel or a cigarette butt has a
similar decomposing term to that of a banana. But tin and aluminium (铝) cans last up to 100 years. 2
It’s true that longer-lasting materials will damage the environment and its animals for longer. 3 For
example, despite its fairly short decomposing term, more than 120 tons of cigarette-related litter is discarded (丢弃)
in the UK every day. Besides, our annual littering, which has increased by 500 percent since the 1960s, has caused
the UK’s rat population to increase by 60 million.
It’s not a cheap habit either: 4 So, it’s not surprising that if caught littering you could face a
￡20,000 fine or even jail time and, if you throw away something dangerous, the court could give you five years to
serve. The punishments might seem severe. 5 So we still have some way to go in making sure people
follow the rules.
To take back our beautiful countryside and cities we need to do more than simply not littering. We need to
truly care more about the world around us.
A．But we can’t simply measure the seriousness of a certain type of rubbish by its lifetime.
B．Banana peels are among the most frequent littered stuff.
C．But fear of the environmental impact of litter is on the rise.
D．Imagine throwing a banana peel out of your car while driving.
E．And plastic bottles last forever, as do glass bottles and plastic bags.
F．The UK taxpayers pay ￡500 million in order to keep our streets clean.
G．However, among the reported cases only 2,000 out of 825,000 were punished.
【答案】1．D 2．E 3．A 4．F 5．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要围绕乱丢废物（littering）这一环境问题展开，核心观点是强调乱丢废物
比人们通常认为的更为严重，并从多个方面阐述了其危害及应对现状。
1．空格后提到“This seems to be a completely harmless action due to the fact that it’s part of a fruit—right?(这
似乎是一个完全无害的行为，因为它是水果的一部分，对吧？)”，空格处需要一个能引出“看似无害行
为”的场景。D 选项“Imagine throwing a banana peel out of your car while driving.(想象一下，开车时从车里
扔出香蕉皮。)”通过设想一个具体的乱丢香蕉皮的行为，引出后文对该行为是否无害的讨论，符合语境。
故选D。
2．前文提到“A banana peel (皮) can take up to two years to decompose(香蕉皮可能需要长达两年的时间来分
解)”，“An orange peel or a cigarette butt has a similar decomposing term to that of a banana. But tin and
aluminium (铝) cans last up to 100 years.(橘子皮或烟头与香蕉有类似的分解期限。但锡罐和铝罐的寿命可达
100 年。)”，都是在列举不同垃圾的分解时间。E 选项“And plastic bottles last forever, as do glass bottles and
plastic bags.(塑料瓶几乎永不分解，玻璃瓶和塑料袋也一样。)”继续列举其他垃圾的长时间存在情况，与前
文列举不同垃圾分解时间的逻辑一致。故选E。
3．前文说“It’s true that longer-lasting materials will damage the environment and its animals for longer.(的确，
更持久的材料会对环境和动物造成更长时间的破坏。)”，强调了乱丢废物对环境和动物的危害。空后“For
example, despite its fairly short decomposing term, more than 120 tons of cigarette-related litter is discarded (丢弃)
in the UK every day. Besides, our annual littering, which has increased by 500 percent since the 1960s, has caused
the UK’s rat population to increase by 60 million.(例如，尽管其分解期相当短，但英国每天丢弃的与香烟有关
的垃圾超过120 吨。此外，自20 世纪60 年代以来，我们每年乱扔垃圾的数量增加了500%，这导致英国的
老鼠数量增加了6000 万只。)”具体举例说明了垃圾的危害，A 选项“But we can’t simply measure the
seriousness of a certain type of rubbish by its lifetime.(但我们不能简单地用垃圾的寿命来衡量它的严重性。)”
引出后文的垃圾的严重性，承上启下，符合语境，故选A。
4．前文提到“It’s not a cheap habit either(这也不是一个便宜的习惯)”，说明乱丢废物有经济成本。F 选项
“The UK taxpayers pay ￡500 million in order to keep our streets clean.(为了保持街道清洁，英国纳税人支付
了5 亿英镑。)”具体说明了乱丢废物带来的经济成本，与前文呼应，符合语境。故选F。
5．前文提到“So, it’s not surprising that if caught littering you could face a ￡20, 000 fine or even jail time and,
if you throw away something dangerous, the court could give you five years to serve. The punishments might seem
severe.(所以，如果你被抓到乱扔垃圾，你可能会面临2 万英镑的罚款，甚至入狱，如果你乱扔危险的东
西，法院可能会判你5 年监禁，这并不奇怪。惩罚可能看起来很严厉。)”。G 选项“However, among the
reported cases only 2,000 out of 825,000 were punished.(然而，在报告的82.5 万起案件中，只有2000 起受到
了惩罚。)”通过具体数据说明虽然惩罚看起来严厉，但实际上受到惩罚的案例很少，与前文形成转折关
系，引出后文“So we still have some way to go in making sure people follow the rules.(因此，在确保人们遵守
规则方面，我们还有一段路要走。)”。故选G。
Passage 3
（2026·重庆市一中·二诊）
Our solar system is named after the Latin word for sun, “Sol”. The thing about our solar system is that while
there are lots of other suns and planets out there, 1
Most other systems feature planets orbiting closer to their parent sun than Mercury (水星) does, the closest
planet to Sol. Other systems also have “super Earths”. 2 And these systems usually have “hot Jupiters (木星)”,
which are gas giants orbiting very close to their sun.
3 Other systems have planets with highly non-circular orbits, similar to those of comets (彗星). In our
solar system, the planetary orbits are nearly circular and the planets are widely spaced. Other systems have planets
grouped closely together, like peas in a pod.
Astronomers, and scientists in general don’t like “special” things. They like things that are “usual” or “typical”
because that allows explanation. Yet, when faced with something unusual, they seek to understand it as well. 4
One theory states that at an early stage, Jupiter may have migrated through our solar system clearing out an initial
group of large planets orbiting closer to Sol, before it settled in its current orbit. Another, more interesting, approach is
to ask whether our solar system seems different simply because we have evolved to notice its uniqueness. 5 Or
there are yet other possibilities.
A．our system is just a bit different.
B．there are more of them to be found.
C．The orbits of planets in our solar system are different too.
D．The act of observation may have changed what is observed.
E．So, of course, there are theories on why our solar system is different.
F．They are rocky planets larger than Earth but smaller than Neptune (海王星).
G．In fact, some planetary systems have orbits just as circular as those in ours.
【答案】1．A 2．F 3．C 4．E 5．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文对比太阳系与其他行星系统，从行星轨道、星体类型等方面说明太阳系的
独特之处，并列举不同理论，解释太阳系与众不同的原因。
1．根据上文“Our solar system is named after the Latin word for sun, “Sol”. The thing about our solar system is
that while there are lots of other suns and planets out there(我们的太阳系是以拉丁语中“太阳”的词“Sol”来
命名的。而我们太阳系的特点在于，尽管宇宙中存在着众多其他的恒星和行星，但我们的太阳系本身却是
独一无二的)”可知，前文：宇宙有很多恒星与行星；后文介绍其他星系和太阳系的诸多差异。A 项“我们
的星系只是稍有不同”承上启下，引出下文对比。故选A。
2．根据上文“Most other systems feature planets orbiting closer to their parent sun than Mercury (水星) does, the
closest planet to Sol. Other systems also have “super Earths”.(大多数其他星系中的行星都比水星（距离太阳最
近的行星）更靠近其母星运行。此外，这些星系中还存在“超级地球”)”可知，前文提及“超级地球”的
话题，推测本句是对超级地球进行定义解释，故F 项“它们是比地球大但比海王星小的岩石行星”衔接紧
密。故选F。
3．根据后文“Other systems have planets with highly non-circular orbits, similar to those of comets (彗星). In
our solar system, the planetary orbits are nearly circular and the planets are widely spaced. Other systems have
planets grouped closely together, like peas in a pod.(其他星系中的行星有着极为不规则的轨道，类似于彗星的
轨道。而在我们的太阳系中，行星的轨道近乎圆形，且行星之间的距离较为广阔。而在其他星系中，行星
则紧密地聚集在一起，就像一串串的豌豆)”可知，后文围绕行星轨道形状、间距展开对比；C 项“我们太
阳系中行星的轨道与其他行星系统也不相同”总起本段内容。故选C。
4．根据上文“Astronomers, and scientists in general don’t like “special” things. They like things that are “usual”
or “typical” because that allows explanation. Yet, when faced with something unusual, they seek to understand it as
well.(天文学家以及所有科学家都不喜欢“特殊”的事物。他们更喜欢“常见”或“典型”的事物，因为这
样才便于解释。然而，当面对一些不寻常的事物时，他们也会努力去理解它)”可知，前文说太阳系很特
殊、不合常规，本句引出下文提到的两种理论。故E 项“所以，毫无疑问，关于为何我们的太阳系与众不
同，存在着各种理论”符合语境。故选E。
5．根据上文“Another, more interesting, approach is to ask whether our solar system seems different simply
because we have evolved to notice its uniqueness.(另一种更具探究性的方法是思考：我们的太阳系之所以显得
与众不同，是否仅仅是因为我们人类已经进化出了能够察觉其独特性的能力)” 可知，前一句提出猜想“人
类演化导致我们留意到它的独特”，本句承接上文的观点，说明这一行为的结果，故D 项“观察行为本身
可能会改变所观察到的事物”承接该观点，贴合文意。故选D。
