专题05 完形填空
编者按：2025 年新高考地区二模分类整理，深度解析，排版整齐。
（一）
（2025·浙江·二模）
My odyssey of interpreting Adele’s Rolling in the Deep commenced not with musical ambition but linguistic
desperation. Having plateaued at IELTS 6.5 for three consecutive attempts, I 1 upon this soul-stricken
anthem as a last-ditch effort to conquer the elusive realm of 2 English prosody, where semantic precision
collides with raw emotional articulation.
The opening verse proved deceptively treacherous. While the lexical simplicity of “There’s a fire starting in my
heart” 3 novice learners, its delivery demands microsecond control over glottal stops — a phonetic
subtlety 4 in Mandarin’s syllable-timed structure. My vocal coach, observing my mechanical replication,
remarked dryly: “You’re enunciating fire, not 5 it.” This epiphany triggered weeks of 6
experimentation with breath control, discovering how alveolar taps in “reaching a fever pitch” could 7 cardiac
palpitations when executed with Darwinian attention to evolutionary psychology of mating calls.
Cultural deciphering posed greater labyrinths. The metaphoric “rolling in the deep” initially conjured oceanic imagery
until contextual analysis revealed its 8 to the African-American gospel tradition’s spiritual “deep waters”. This
realization necessitated 9 the song’s architecture through the prism of blues history, where call-and-
response patterns in the bridge (“Throw your soul through every open door”) mirror West African 10 rituals.
My breakthrough emerged not from sheet music but from archival footage of chain gang work songs, their polyrhythmic
groans 11 Adele’s melismatic phrasing.
The ultimate revelation occurred during a karaoke showdown in Camden. When my 12 rendition
unexpectedly silenced the room, I grasped the song’s alchemical power: its 13 lies not in technical
perfection but in vulnerability’s raw currency. As the final “we could have had it all” 14 through smoke-
filled air, I understood language acquisition as 15 — a negotiated settlement between phonetic accuracy
and emotional authenticity.
1．A．hit upon
B．set out
C．guessed at
D．delayed doing
2．A．practical
B．emotional
C．fixed
D．structural
3．A．attracts
B．frightens
C．tricks
D．rewards
4．A．rooted
B．missing
C．frozen
D．held
5．A．putting out
B．starting
C．holding
D．worshipping
6．A．planned
B．random
C．formal
D．secret
7．A．imitate
B．identify
C．suppress
D．worsen
8．A．debt
B．conflict
C．resistance
D．transcendence
9．A．taking apart
B．idealizing
C．patenting
D．going around
10．A．farming
B．predicting
C．starting
D．funeral
11．A．contradicting
B．preceding
C．reflecting
D．making fun of
12．A．perfectly tuned B．shaky
C．computer enhanced D．popular with crowd
13．A．expertise
B．ordinariness
C．greatness
D．average quality
14．A．echoed
B．weakened
C．dissolved
D．split
15．A．magic
B．cheating
C．classification
D．mind reading
【答案】
1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．D 9．A 10．C 11．C
12．B 13．C 14．A 15．A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者为提高英语水平，以学习阿黛尔的歌曲《Rolling in the Deep》
为途径的经历。
【1 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：连续三次雅思考试都停留在6.5 分的水平，我把这首歌当作最后一根救命稻草，
试图征服那难以捉摸的富有情感的英语韵律领域，在这个领域里，语义的精准性与情感的直白表达相互碰
撞。A. hit upon 偶然发现，突然想到；B. set out 出发；C. guessed at 猜测；D. delayed doing 推迟做。根
据上文“Having plateaued at IELTS 6.5 for three consecutive attempts”可知，作者连续三次雅思考试停留
在6.5 分，处于语言学习的绝望中，这里是说把这首歌当作最后努力的方式，“hit upon”符合语境，即偶
然想到用这首歌来提升英语韵律水平。故选A。
【2 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. practical 实际的；B. emotional 情感的；C. fixed 固定的；D.
structural 结构的。根据下文“where semantic precision collides with raw emotional articulation”可知，作
者强调的是富有情感的英语韵律领域。故选B。
【3 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管“我心中燃起了一团火”这句话的词汇很简单，对初学者有一定的吸引力，
但要唱出那种感觉，需要对声门塞音进行微秒级的精准控制——而这一语音上的微妙之处在汉语这种以音
节为节奏的语言结构中是不存在的。A. attracts 吸引；B. frightens 使害怕；C. tricks 欺骗；D. rewards 回报。
根据上文“the lexical simplicity of “There’s a fire starting in my heart””可知，“There’s a fire
starting in my heart”词汇简单，对于初学者来说有吸引力。故选A。
【4 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. rooted 扎根；B. missing 缺少；C. frozen 冻结；D. held 举行。根据常识
可知，汉语是以音节为节奏的语言结构，在这种结构中声门塞音这种语音微妙之处是不存在的。故选B。
【5 题详解】
考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：我的声乐老师看着我机械地模仿，淡淡地说：“你只是在清晰地读
出‘火’这个词，而不是在唱出心中燃起的那团火。”A. putting out 扑灭；B. starting 开始，点燃；C.
holding 抓住；D. worshipping 崇拜。根据上文前“There’s a fire starting in my heart”可知，老师说作者
只是在清晰读出“fire”，而不是唱出心中燃起火的那种感觉。故选B。
【6 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这番话让我恍然大悟，随后的几周里，我有计划地进行呼吸控制方面的尝试，
发现当我以达尔文关注求偶叫声的进化心理学的那种专注度去唱“达到狂热的程度”中齿龈轻弹音时，这
种发音方式可以模仿出心悸的感觉。A. planned 有计划的；B. random 随机的；C. formal 正式的；D. secret
秘密的。根据下文“experimentation with breath control”可知，作者进行了数周有计划的呼吸控制实验。
故选A。
【7 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. imitate 模仿；B. identify 识别；C. suppress 抑制；D. worsen 恶化。根
据下文“cardiac palpitations”可知，作者发现当以专注的态度唱“reaching a fever pitch”中齿龈轻弹音时
这种发音方式可以模仿出心悸的感觉。故选A。
【8 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“在内心翻滚”这个隐喻最初让我联想到海洋的景象，直到通过上下文分析，
我才发现它与非裔美国人福音传统中精神层面的“深水域”有关。A. debt 债务；B. conflict 冲突；C.
resistance 抵抗；D. transcendence 超越。根据上文“The metaphoric “rolling in the deep” initially conjured
oceanic imagery until contextual analysis revealed”可知，“rolling in the deep”最初让人联想到海洋景
象，通过分析发现它与非裔美国人福音传统中精神层面的“深水域”有关，这里强调其在文化意义上的一
种超越。故选D。
【9 题详解】
考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：这一认识让我必须从蓝调音乐历史的角度去剖析这首歌的架构，在歌曲
的桥段部分（“敞开心扉，释放灵魂”）的呼应模式，反映了西非的“起始”仪式。A. taking apart 剖析；
B. idealizing 理想化；C. patenting 取得专利；D. going around 四处走动。根据下文“ the song’ s
architecture through the prism of blues history”可知，从蓝调音乐历史角度去理解这首歌，需要对其架构
进行剖析。故选A。
【10 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. farming 农业；B. predicting 预测；C. starting 开始；D. funeral 葬礼。结
合 “Throw your soul through every open door”（将你的灵魂投入每一扇敞开的门）这种开启、开始的意
味，starting 意为 “开始，开场”，符合语境。故选C。
【11 题详解】
考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：我的突破并非来自乐谱，而是来自于那些囚犯劳作歌曲的档案影像资料，
它们那多节奏的呻吟声与阿黛尔的花腔唱法相互呼应。A. contradicting 反驳；B. preceding 在……之前；C.
reflecting 反映；D. making fun of 取笑。根据上文“their polyrhythmic groans”可知，囚犯劳作歌曲那多节
奏的呻吟声与阿黛尔的花腔唱法相互反映，即有相似之处。故选C。
【12 题详解】
查形容词和形容词短语辨析。句意：当我那略带颤抖的演唱出人意料地让全场安静下来时，我领悟到了这
首歌的神奇力量：它的伟大之处不在于技术上的完美，而在于那份真实的情感流露。A. perfectly tuned 完
美调音的；B. shaky 颤抖的；C. computer enhanced 电脑增强的；D. popular with crowd 受大众欢迎的。根
据下文“unexpectedly silenced the room”以及“lies not in technical perfection but in vulnerability’s raw
currency”可知，这里应该是略带颤抖的演唱，突出情感而非技术。故选B。
【13 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. expertise 专业知识；B. ordinariness 平凡；C. greatness 伟大；D.
average quality 平均质量。根据下文“not in technical perfection but in vulnerability’s raw currency”可
知，这首歌的伟大之处不在于技术完美，而在于情感。故选C。
【14 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当最后一句“我们本可以拥有一切”在弥漫着烟雾的空气中回荡时，我明白了
语言的习得就如同魔法一般——是语音准确性与情感真实性之间的一种协商与妥协。A. echoed 回响；B.
weakened 削弱；C. dissolved 溶解；D. split 分裂。根据下文“through smoke-filled air”可知，最后一句
“we could have had it all”在弥漫着烟雾的空气中回荡。故选A。
【15 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. magic 魔法；B. cheating 欺骗；C. classification 分类；D. mind reading
读心术。根据下文“a negotiated settlement between phonetic accuracy and emotional authenticity.”可知，
从作者对这首歌的领悟过程，以及语言习得是语音准确性与情感真实性之间的协商妥协，作者认为语言习
得如同魔法一般。故选A。
（二）
（2025·广东深圳·二模）
I knew exercise is good for health — who doesn’t? But 1 were easier. Running bored me, biking sounded risky,
and the gym seemed too much to handle. Each offered me a reason to
2
it, so I did.
When I worked in Kenya, I came to realize that people there don’t “
3
” the way I had thought. Instead, they
move — with a clear
4
in mind. They move to reach a destination. They move to hunt and to tend crops.
There is no such thing as a
5
, but they are working out 24-7. Maybe I could take
6
from these
people and add meaning to my exercising. So, I launched my
7
program: “chicken-cising,” with 15 baby
chicks and a book on
8
backyard chickens.
It turned out that caring for the flightless birds was quite
9
— a full-body workout involving bending,
squatting (深蹲), weightlifting and running around. One weekend, my e-watch
10
as many as 145 squats
and 10,506 steps!
I ended up in better shape than expected and found extra
11
that no gym workout can provide. First,
quitting is not a(n)
12
: You can’t put on your “chicken-cise” clothes, sit for a while, and then simply
decide not to
13
, especially when your feathered friends depend on you to survive. Second, you have
unbeatable workout partners, who
14
respond to your appearance with encouragement. Bah-Baaaahk!
What’s more? Fresh-from-the-hen eggs!
Turning every breakfast into a celebration of my new lifestyle with the best eggs, “chicken-cising” taught me that
movement doesn’t need a gym — it needs
15
.
1．A．actions
B．excuses
C．examples
D．answers
2．A．approach
B．manage
C．avoid
D．tolerate
3．A．change
B．live
C．travel
D．exercise
4．A．purpose
B．message
C．order
D．request
5．A．role
B．problem
C．gym
D．village
6．A．time
B．inspiration
C．comfort
D．pleasure
7．A．escape
B．diet
C．charity
D．fitness
8．A．cooking
B．raising
C．drawing
D．protecting
9．A．demanding
B．confusing
C．amusing
D．touching
10．A．meant
B．took
C．rang
D．read
11．A．instructions
B．pressure
C．bonuses
D．responsibility
12．A．option
B．pain
C．must
D．error
13．A．step aside
B．show off
C．turn up
D．give in
14．A．angrily
B．cheerfully
C．patiently
D．carefully
15．A．courage
B．talent
C．attention
D．meaning
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．C
12．A 13．C 14．B 15．D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者通过“养鸡”的健身计划发现，为日常活动赋予意义，
如照顾小鸡，比刻意去健身房更能让人坚持运动，最终不仅收获了健康，还获得了生活乐趣。
【1 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但找借口总是更容易。A. actions 行动；B. excuses 借口；C. examples 例子；
D. answers 答案。根据下文“Running bored me, biking sounded risky, and the gym seemed too much to
handle.”可知，这些都是作者为不运动所找的借口。故选B。
【2 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个理由都让我心安理得地逃避运动，我也确实这么做了。A. approach 接近；
B. manage 管理；C. avoid 避免；D. tolerate 忍受。根据上文“Running bored me, biking sounded risky,
and the gym seemed too much to handle.”可知，这些都是让作者避免运动的理由。故选C。
【3 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在肯尼亚工作时，我发现当地人并不像我理解的那样“锻炼”。A. change 改
变；B. live 生活；C. travel 旅行；D. exercise 锻炼。根据下文“but they are working out 24-7”可知，肯
尼亚的当地人一周24 小时都在运动，这与作者理解的“锻炼”方式不同。故选D。
【4 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们会带着明确的目标行动。A. purpose 目标；B. message 信息；C.
order 命令；D. request 请求。根据下文“They move to reach a destination.”可知，他们为抵达某个地方
而行动，因此是带着明确的目标行动。故选A。
【5 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那里没有健身房的概念，但他们一周24 小时都在运动。A. role 角色；B.
problem 问题；C. gym 健身房；D. village 村庄。根据下文“but they are working out 24-7”可知，肯尼
亚的当地人一周24 小时都在运动，他们是没有健身房的概念的。故选C。
【6 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许我可以从这些人身上得到灵感，给我的锻炼增添意义。A. time 时间；B.
inspiration 灵感；C. comfort 舒适；D. pleasure 快乐。根据下文““chicken-cising,” with 15 baby chicks
and a book on ____8____ backyard chickens”可知，作者计划通过养鸡来健身，因此是从这些人身上得
到灵感。故选B。
【7 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是，我启动了健身计划：“养鸡”，带着15 只小鸡和一本庭院养鸡指南。A.
escape 逃跑；B. diet 饮食；C. charity 慈善；D. fitness 健身。根据上文“add meaning to my exercising”
可知，作者想为自己的锻炼增添意义，因此是启动了健身计划。故选D。
【8 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是，我启动了健身计划：“养鸡”，带着15 只小鸡和一本庭院养鸡指南。A.
cooking 烹饪；B. raising 养育；C. drawing 绘画；D. protecting 保护。根据下文“caring for the flightless
birds”可知，作者得照顾这些小鸡，因此这书是一本庭院养鸡指南。故选B。
【9 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，照顾这些不会飞的鸟是相当费力的——需要全身锻炼，包括弯腰、
深蹲、举重和跑来跑去。A. demanding 费时费力的；B. confusing 困惑的；C. amusing 有趣的；D.
touching 感人的。根据下文“a full-body workout involving bending, squatting (深蹲), weightlifting and
running around”可知，照顾这些小鸡需要全身锻炼，包括弯腰、深蹲、举重和跑来跑去，因此是相当费力
的。故选A。
【10 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：某个周末，我的智能手表记录显示：145 次深蹲和10506 步！A. meant 意味着；
B. took 拿；C. rang 响；D. read 显示。根据上文“my e-watch”和下文“as many as 145 squats and
10,506 steps”可推知，此处指因为作者养鸡时频繁地运动，他的智能手表记录显示他做的运动数据。故选
D。
【11 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终我收获了超预期的好身材，还得到了健身房永远无法提供的额外馈赠。A.
instructions 说明；B. pressure 压力；C. bonuses 额外好处；D. responsibility 责任。根据本段后面所列的三
点内容可知，在养鸡过程中作者无法选择放弃，小鸡会一直给予保持运动的鼓励，作者还能得到新鲜的鸡
蛋，这些都是健身房永远无法提供的额外馈赠。故选C。
【12 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，放弃不是一个选择：你不能穿上“养鸡专用服”坐一会儿，然后简单地
决定不出现，尤其是当你长着羽毛的朋友依靠你生存的时候。A. option 选择；B. pain 痛苦；C. must 必须；
D. error 错误。根据下文“especially when your feathered friends depend on you to survive”可知，小鸡
得依靠作者生存，因此作者无法做放弃的选择。故选A。
【13 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：首先，放弃不是一个选择：你不能穿上“养鸡专用服”坐一会儿，然后简单地
决定不出现，尤其是当你长着羽毛的朋友依靠你生存的时候。A. step aside 让开；B. show off 炫耀；C.
turn up 出现；D. give in 屈服。根据上文“You can’t put on your “chicken-cise” clothes, sit for a
while”可知，作者用诙谐的口吻描述类似穿上专门运动的衣服，在出发前犹豫是否去运动，最终决定不出
现的情景。故选C。
【14 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：其次，你有无敌的健身伙伴，它们会愉快地迎接你的出现。A. angrily 愤怒地；
B. cheerfully 愉快地；C. patiently 耐心地；D. carefully 小心地。根据下文“respond to your appearance
with encouragement”可推知，小鸡们靠作者照顾，会愉快地迎接他的出现。故选B。
【15 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：用最好的鸡蛋把每顿早餐变成对我的新生活方式的庆祝，“养鸡”让我明白了
运动不需要健身房——它需要意义。A. courage 勇气；B. talent 天赋；C. attention 注意力；D. meaning 意
义。根据上文“add meaning to my exercising”可知，养鸡为运动赋予了意义，让运动变得可坚持下去。
故选D。
（三）
（2025·河北唐山·二模）
Three months into my Ph. D．program in the U. S. , having come from Nigeria, I confidently explained tissue images
in a histology (组织学) class — but my group members just ignored my answers. When the professor said I was right,
no one 1 it. I was confused. A tutor later said, “Sometimes people struggle to believe something said with a
2 accent. ” Her words were 3 — was my voice marked to remain unheard?
That experience crushed my confidence. I began 4 in group discussions, afraid of being rejected again. By
the end of my first year, I felt 5 by my own voice. Yet beneath the unfading doubt, a quiet desire stirred — I 6
to engage fully and see my ideas valued.
I decided to regain control - not by changing who I was, but by adjusting 7 I communicated. I began to slow
down, pace my speech, and speak more clearly. Slowly, these 8 helped me engage better with others. In a
writing class, I 9 spoke up with suggestions to improve a proposal. My colleagues’ positive response
confirmed that my ideas
1 0
, regardless of my accent.
This
1 1
was not just about how I sounded-it was about rebuilding trust in my own knowledge. Over time, I
stopped seeing my accent as a
1 2
and owned it as part of my identity.
By the time I searched for a new position, I no longer
1 3
accepted what was offered. I asked questions, 1 4
for my needs, and shaped my own path. I’ve learned my accent is no longer something to
1 5
, but
something to celebrate.
1．A．explained
B．opposed
C．shared
D．acknowledged
2．A．strong
B．soft
C．pleasant
D．familiar
3．A．empty
B．encouraging
C．disturbing
D．wise
4．A．calming down
B．holding back
C．opening up
D．showing off
5．A．shocked
B．inspired
C．attracted
D．trapped
6．A．longed
B．refused
C．continued
D．failed
7．A．when
B．why
C．how
D．where
8．A．ideas
B．efforts
C．suggestions
D．requests
9．A．fortunately
B．hardly
C．angrily
D．finally
10．A．mattered
B．disappeared
C．developed
D．differed
11．A．tradition
B．method
C．shift
D．responsibility
12．A．symbol
B．weakness
C．phenomenon
D．risk
13．A．happily
B．conditionally
C．modestly
D．passively
14．A．advocated
B．prepared
C．paid
D．waited
15．A．recommend
B．prove
C．fix
D．gain
【答案】
1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．A 11．C
12．B 13．D 14．A 15．C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为来自尼日利亚的博士生，在美国求学过程中因口音问题
在小组讨论中遭遇被忽视的经历，这打击了作者的自信。但作者通过调整沟通方式，逐渐重建自信，最终
不再将口音视为弱点，而是将其视为自己身份的一部分，学会积极争取自己的需求并塑造自己的道路。
【1 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当教授说我是正确的时候，也没有人认可。A. explained 解释；B. opposed 反对
C. shared 分享；D. acknowledged 承认，认可。根据上文“ but my group members just ignored my
answers. When the professor said I was right”可知，作者的小组成员无视他的回答，当教授说他是对的时
候，仍然没人认可他。故选D。
【2 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来一位导师说：“有时候，人们很难相信带有浓重口音的人说的话。”A.
strong 浓重的；B. soft 轻柔的；C. pleasant 令人愉快的；D. familiar 熟悉的。根据上文“Three months into
my Ph.D. program in the U.S., having come from Nigeria”可知，作者来自尼日利亚，在美国学习，所以
此处说的是人们有时很难相信带有浓重口音说的话。故选A。
【3 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的话让我不安——难道因为我的口音，我的声音注定无人倾听吗？A.
empty 空的；B. encouraging 鼓舞人心的；C. disturbing 令人不安的；D. wise 明智的。根据下文“— was
my voice marked to remain unheard?”可知，作者对自己因为口音而不被认可感到很困扰，所以导师的话
让他不安。故选C。
【4 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我开始在小组讨论中开始退缩，害怕再次被拒绝。A. calming down 平静下来；
B. holding back 退缩；C. opening up 开放；D. showing off 炫耀。根据下文“afraid of being rejected
again”可知，作者害怕再次被拒绝，所以在小组讨论中开始退缩。故选B。
【5 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到第一年结束时，我感觉自己被自己的声音困住了。A. shocked 震惊的；B.
inspired 受鼓舞的；C. attracted 被吸引的；D. trapped 被困住的。根据上文“When the professor said I
was right, no one
1
it.”和“I began
4
in group discussions,”可知，作者因为口音不
被认可，在小组讨论中退缩，所以到第一年结束时，他感觉被自己的声音困住了。故选D。
【6 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在那挥之不去的疑虑之下，一种微弱的渴望在涌动 —— 我渴望充分参
与讨论，并且看到自己的观点受到重视。A. longed 渴望；B. refused 拒绝；C. continued 继续；D. failed 失
败。根据上文“Yet beneath the unfading doubt, a quiet desire stirred”可知，尽管有疑虑，但作者内心有
一个愿望在涌动，他渴望充分参与并看到自己的想法受到重视。故选A。
【7 题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我决定重新掌控局面——不是通过改变自己，而是通过调整沟通的方式。A.
when 何时；B. why 为什么；C. how 如何；D. where 何地。根据下文“I began to slow down, pace my
speech, and speak more clearly.”可知，作者决定重新掌控局面，不是通过改变自己，而是通过调整自己交
流的方式。故选C。
【8 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，这些努力帮助我更好地与他人交流。A. ideas 想法；B. efforts 努力；
C. suggestions 建议；D. requests 请求。根据上文“I began to slow down, pace my speech, and speak
more clearly.”可知，作者做出了这些努力，而这些努力帮助他更好地与他人交流。故选B。
【9 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在一节写作课上，我终于大胆地提出了改进一份提案的建议。A. fortunately 幸
运地；B. hardly 几乎不；C. angrily 生气地；D. finally 终于。根据前文作者的努力以及“spoke up with
suggestions to improve a proposal”可知，作者最终在写作课上大胆地提出了改进提案的建议。故选D。
【10 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同事们积极的回应证实了无论我的口音如何，我的想法都是重要的。A.
mattered 重要；B. disappeared 消失；C. developed 发展；D. differed 不同。根据“My colleagues’ positive
response”可知，同事们积极的回应证实了作者的想法是重要的，不管他的口音如何。故选A。
【11 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种转变不仅仅关乎我的口音听起来怎样——它关乎重建我对自己知识的信任。
A. tradition 传统；B. method 方法；C. shift 转变；D. responsibility 责任。根据上文作者从因为口音不被认
可而退缩，到后来通过调整交流方式重新获得认可可知，这是一种转变。故选C。
【12 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我不再把我的口音看作是一个弱点，而是把它当作我身份的
一部分欣然接受。A. symbol 象征；B. weakness 弱点；C. phenomenon 现象；D. risk 风险。根据上文作者
口音不被认可，到后来重新获得认可可知，他不再把自己的口音看作是一个弱点，而是自己身份的一部分。
故选B。
【13 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我寻找新职位的时候，我不再被动地接受别人提供的条件。A. happily 高兴地
B. conditionally 有条件地；C. modestly 谦虚地；D. passively 被动地。根据下文“I asked questions,
14 for my needs, and shaped my own path.”可知，作者不再被动地接受所提供的东西，而是主动提
问等。故选D。
【14 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我提出问题，为自己的需求据理力争，并且规划属于自己的道路。A.
advocated 提倡；B. prepared 准备；C. paid 支付；D. waited 等待。根据上文作者不再被动接受，结合“for
my needs”可知，作者为自己的需求倡导争取。故选A。
【15 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我明白了我的口音不再是需要修正的东西，而是值得庆祝的一部分。A.
recommend 推荐；B. prove 证明；C. fix 改正；D. gain 获得。根据上文作者的经历可知，他不再认为自己
的口音是需要修正的东西，而是值得庆祝的一部分。故选C。
（四）
（2025·广西·二模）
A couple walked through the cold night, seeking shelter. The father-to-be scanned the roadside for some home where
his struggling
1
might rest safely. He looked over at her frequently. She walked with difficulty, her way
made
2
by the new life growing inside her. They needed a warm place safe from the
3
wind.
Their names were not Mary and Joseph, but Pepper and Cooper. Nor were they man and wife, but rather a pair of
beagles (小猎犬).
Gus was driving home when he
4
the pair in the flash of his headlights. It was difficult to see for the snow,
but he could tell the dogs were wearing tags. What were they doing out here? He pulled over to check it out. Gus bent
down and stretched out his hands to the beagles, which made no effort to 5 .
Gus read their tags and tried to call the number listed, but it was snowing so hard that his screen
6
. He
placed the dogs in his car and
7
his wife Katie of the dogs. Then he dialed the number from the tags. A
man answered and immediately grew
8
when Gus told him why he was calling. “I gave those dogs away,”
the man said. “I don’t need them.” The man
9
quickly.
10
, these poor beagles were abandoned. Gus looked over at them, their large hound eyes begging. Katie
asked him to bring them home. They laid out food and water for the dogs. The exhausted animals lay together,
Cooper,
11
lifting his head to fuss over Pepper. Keeping this pair was
12
since they
already had a dog.
The next day, Katie took the dogs to the shelter to drop them off. “I’m not signing the dogs over to you if you’re
going to
13
them,” she said. And the shelter workers promised her they’d keep the couple together. In
the days following, Katie phoned the shelter
14
to check up on the couple. Eventually, the beagles were
adopted as a pair. When kindness and love triumph over
15
and neglect, it can feel like the greatest
miracle of all.
1．A．companion
B．opponent
C．stranger
D．neighbour
2．A．smoother
B．heavier
C．easier
D．lighter
3．A．gentle
B．sweet
C．warm
D．bitter
4．A．spotted
B．heard
C．grabbed
D．shot
5．A．survive
B．interact
C．escape
D．eat
6．A．cleared
B．fell
C．broke
D．misted
7．A．informed
B．accused
C．warned
D．cured
8．A．impressive
B．disappointed
C．excited
D．defensive
9．A．thought twice
B．hung up
C．helped out
D．broke down
10．A．Luckily
B．Hopefully
C．Obviously
D．Miraculously
11．A．accidentally
B．constantly
C．magically
D．dramatically
12．A．impossible
B．appealing
C．suitable
D．interesting
13．A．kill
B．display
C．separate
D．abuse
14．A．merely
B．hardly
C．rarely
D．repeatedly
15．A．kindness
B．cruelty
C．warmth
D．ignorance
【答案】
1．A 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．B
12．A 13．C 14．D 15．B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一对流浪小猎犬被救助和收养的故事。
【1 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位准父亲扫视着路边，寻找一个能让他的伴侣安全休息的地方。A.
companion 伴侣；B. opponent 对手；C. stranger 陌生人；D. neighbour 邻居。根据前文“The father-to-be
scanned the roadside for some home where his struggling”和后文“Nor were they man and wife, but
rather a pair of beagles”可知，这对小猎犬是伴侣关系。故选A。
【2 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她走得很困难，因为肚子里的新生命，她的步伐变得沉重。A. smoother 更光
滑的；B. heavier 更重的；C. easier 更容易的；D. lighter 更轻的。根据后文“by the new life growing
inside her”可知，因为怀孕，所以步伐沉重。故选B。
【3 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们需要一个温暖的地方，免受刺骨寒风的侵袭。A. gentle 温柔的；B.
sweet 甜的；C. warm 温暖的；D. bitter 刺骨的。根据上文“They needed a warm place safe from the”可
知，他们需要免受刺骨寒风的温暖地方。故选D。
【4 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gus 开车回家时，在车灯的一闪中发现了这对小猎犬。A. spotted 发现；B.
heard 听见；C. grabbed 抓住；D. shot 射击。根据后文“the pair in the flash of his headlights”可知，
Gus 发现了这对小猎犬。故选A。
【5 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gus 弯下腰，向小猎犬伸出手，但它们没有试图逃跑。A. survive 幸存；B.
interact 互动；C. escape 逃跑；D. eat 吃。根据上文“Gus bent down and stretched out his hands to the
beagles, which made no effort to”可知，Gus 向小猎犬伸出手，但它们没有试图逃跑。故选C。
【6 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gus 看了看它们的标签，试图拨打上面列出的号码，但雪下得太大，他的手机
屏幕起雾了。A. cleared 清除；B. fell 落下；C. broke 打破；D. misted 起雾。根据上文“but it was snowing
so hard that his screen”可知，雪下得太大，手机屏幕起雾了。故选D。
【7 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把狗放进车里，然后告诉了他的妻子Katie 关于这两只狗的事。A. informed
通知，告诉；B. accused 控告；C. warned 警告；D. cured 治愈。根据后文“his wife Katie of the dogs”可
知，Gus 告诉了妻子Katie 关于狗的事情。故选A。
【8 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个男人接了电话，当Gus 告诉他为什么打电话时，他立刻变得有所防备。
A. impressive 令人印象深刻的；B. disappointed 失望的；C. excited 激动的；D. defensive 有所防备的。根据
后文““I gave those dogs away,” the man said. “I don’t need them.””可知，男人变得有所防备，
不想和狗有关系。故选D。
【9 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：那人很快挂断了电话。A. thought twice 再三考虑；B. hung up 挂断；C.
helped out 帮助；D. broke down 出故障。根据前文““I gave those dogs away,” the man said. “I
don’t need them.””可知，男人不想管狗，所以男人挂断了电话。故选B。
【10 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，这些可怜的小猎犬被遗弃了。A. Luckily 幸运地；B. Hopefully 有希望地
C. Obviously 显然；D. Miraculously 奇迹般地。根据前文““I gave those dogs away,” the man said. “I
don’t need them.””和后文“these poor beagles were abandoned”可知，显然，这些可怜的小猎犬被遗
弃了。故选C。
【11 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：疲惫的动物们躺在一起，Cooper 时常抬起头来照顾Pepper。A. accidentally 意外
地；B. constantly 不断地，时常地；C. magically 神奇地；D. dramatically 戏剧性地。根据后文“lifting his
head to fuss over Pepper”可知，Cooper 时常抬起头来照顾Pepper。故选B。
【12 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为他们已经有了一只狗，所以养这对狗是不可能的。A. impossible 不可能
的；B. appealing 吸引人的；C. suitable 合适的；D. interesting 有趣的。根据后文“since they already had a
dog”可知，因为他们已经有了一只狗，所以养这对狗是不可能的。故选A。
【13 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果你们要把它们分开，我就不会把狗交给你们，”她说。A. kill 杀死；B.
display 展示；C. separate 分开；D. abuse 虐待。根据后文“And the shelter workers promised her they’d
keep the couple together.”可知，Katie 不希望把狗分开。故选C。
【14 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几天里，Katie 多次打电话给收容所，查看这对小猎犬的情况。A.
merely 仅仅；B. hardly 几乎不；C. rarely 很少地；D. repeatedly 多次地。根据后文“to check up on the
couple”可知，Katie 多次打电话给收容所，查看这对小猎犬的情况。故选D。
【15 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当善良和爱战胜残忍和忽视时，这就像是最大的奇迹。A. kindness 善良；B.
cruelty 残忍；C. warmth 温暖；D. ignorance 无知。根据前文“When kindness and love triumph over”和后
文“and neglect”可知，此处指善良和爱战胜残忍和忽视。故选B。
（五）
（2025·浙江宁波·二模）
While her French classmate ate salads, Li men took out a package of steamed rice. When she transferred to a high
school in Paris, her lunch became a daily 1 . One Monday, one boy Pier re pointed at her lunch and whispered,
“That looks 2 !” Li Mei flushed, quietly avoiding the cafeteria.
Everything 3 when her history teacher, Mr. Dupont, 4 a project “Food & Culture Week”. Each student
was to 5 a traditional dish and present its cultural significance. Li Mei 6 would anyone care about
Chinese food here? Eventually, she decided on jianbing, a flavor from hometown.
On presentation day, she 7 the materials with trembling hands. To her surprise, Pier re volunteered to help
cook. As they spread the batter (面糊), he 8 “I made fun of your food at first, but now I see it’s part of your
9 .” When the crispy jianbing was served, classmate crowded around, asking questions about Chinese New Year
traditions.
The event made everyone
10
. Students who once
11
her now greeted her warmly. A girl named
Sophie even proposed
12
a French-Chinese cook book together for the school fair and suggested including
family dishes passed down through generations.
On the final day,
13
filled a book titled Bites Beyond Borders. Holding it, Li Mei realized that cultural
gaps weren’t about walls but doors — waiting to be unlocked. A simple
14
had taught her more about
belonging than any textbook.
“Food is the
1 5
foreign policy,” Mr. Dupont said, biting into a red bean croissant.
1．A．adventure
B．struggle
C．routine
D．necessity
2．A．messy
B．ordinary
C．strange
D．special
3．A．mattered
B．worked
C．rested
D．changed
4．A．praised
B．postponed
C．concluded
D．launched
5．A．purchase
B．review
C．prepare
D．receive
6．A．joked
B．hesitated
C．insisted
D．protested
7．A．laid out
B．held back
C．heated up
D．gave away
8．A．argued
B．denied
C．admitted
D．added
9．A．identity
B．interest
C．personality
D．quality
10．A．freed
B．relaxed
C．amused
D．connected
11．A．betrayed
B．overlooked
C．envied
D．misled
12．A．borrowing
B．authoring
C．promoting
D．sponsoring
13．A．stories
B．photos
C．recipes
D．quotes
14．A．game
B．question
C．gift
D．lunch
15．A．tastiest
B．heaviest
C．oldest
D．fastest
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．D 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．D 11．B
12．B 13．C 14．D 15．A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国女孩李梅在法国上学时，因午餐文化差异受到同学嘲笑，
后来在历史老师杜邦先生发起的 “食物与文化周” 项目中，她通过介绍家乡美食煎饼，成功拉近了与同
学们的距离，打破了文化隔阂的故事。
【1 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她转到巴黎的一所高中时，她的午餐成了一种日常的挣扎。A. adventure 冒险
B. struggle 挣扎；C. routine 常规；D. necessity 必需品。根据下文“Li Mei flushed, quietly avoiding the
cafeteria.”可知，李梅的午餐在同学眼里很奇怪，这让她很尴尬，所以吃午饭成了挣扎的事情。故选B。
【2 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个星期一，一个叫皮埃尔的男孩指着她的午餐小声说：“那看起来很奇
怪！”A. messy 凌乱的；B. ordinary 普通的；C. strange 奇怪的；D. special 特别的。根据下文“Li Mei
flushed, quietly avoiding the cafeteria.”可知，李梅的午餐在同学眼里很奇怪，这让她很尴尬。故选C。
【3 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一切都在她的历史老师杜邦先生发起了一个名为“美食与文化周”的项目后改
变了。A. mattered 重要；B. worked 工作；C. rested 休息；D. changed 改变。根据下文“The event made
everyone ___10___ Students who once ___11___ her now greeted her warmly.”可知，事情发生了改变。
故选D。
【4 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一切都在她的历史老师杜邦先生发起了一个名为“美食与文化周”的项目后改
变了。A. praised 赞扬；B. postponed 推迟；C. concluded 总结；D. launched 发起。根据下文“Each student
was to ___5___ a traditional dish and present its cultural significance.”可知，这是老师发起的一个项目。
故选D。
【5 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个学生都要准备一道传统菜肴，并展示其文化意义。A. purchase 购买；B.
review 复习；C. prepare 准备；D. receive 收到。根据下文“Eventually, she decided on jianbing, a flavor
from hometown.”可知，每个学生都要准备一道传统菜肴。故选C。
【6 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：李梅犹豫了：这里会有人关心中国菜吗？A. joked 开玩笑；B. hesitated 犹豫；
C. insisted 坚持；D. protested 抗议。根据下文“would anyone care about Chinese food here?”可知，李
梅不确定同学是否对中国菜感兴趣，所以犹豫了。故选B。
【7 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在演讲那天，她用颤抖的手摆好材料。A. laid out 摆出；B. held back 隐瞒；
C. heated up 加热；D. gave away 赠送。根据下文“with trembling hands”可知，她用颤抖的手摆好材料。
故选A。
【8 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们摊面糊时，他承认：“一开始我取笑你的食物，但现在我看到这是你身
份的一部分。”A. argued 争论；B. denied 否认；C. admitted 承认；D. added 补充。根据下文““I made
fun of your food at first, but now I see it’s part of your ___9___.””可知，皮埃尔承认一开始取笑李
梅的食物。故选C。
【9 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们摊面糊时，他承认：“一开始我取笑你的食物，但现在我看到这是你身
份的一部分。”A. identity 身份；B. interest 兴趣；C. personality 个性；D. quality 质量。根据下文“When
the crispy jianbing was served, classmate crowded around, asking questions about Chinese New Year
traditions.”可知，食物也是身份的一部分，同学们通过食物了解中国新年的传统，所以皮埃尔说食物是李
梅身份的一部分。故选A。
【10 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次活动让每个人都联系在了一起。A. freed 解放；B. relaxed 放松；C.
amused 逗乐；D. connected 联系。根据下文“Students who once ___11___ her now greeted her warmly.”
可知，通过这次活动，同学们对李梅更加了解了，也联系在了一起。故选D。
【11 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：曾经忽视她的学生现在热情地和她打招呼。A. betrayed 背叛；B. overlooked 忽
视；C. envied 嫉妒；D. misled 误导。根据上文“One Monday, one boy Pier re pointed at her lunch and
whispered, “That looks ___2___ !” Li Mei flushed, quietly avoiding the cafeteria.”可知，曾经同学们
忽视李梅。故选B。
【12 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个叫索菲的女孩甚至提议一起为学校的义卖写一本法中食谱，并建议把代代
相传的家庭菜肴也包括进去。A. borrowing 借；B. authoring 撰写；C. promoting 促进；D. sponsoring 赞助。
根据下文“a French-Chinese cook book together for the school fair”可知，此处指一起撰写食谱。故选B。
【13 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后一天，食谱填满了一本名为《超越国界的味道》的书。A. stories 故事；B.
photos 照片；C. recipes 食谱；D. quotes 引用。根据上文“a French-Chinese cook book together for the
school fair”可知，食谱填满了一本书。故选C。
【14 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一顿简单的午餐教会她的比任何教科书都多。A. game 游戏；B. question 问题；
C. gift 礼物；D. lunch 午餐。根据上文“ While her French classmate ate salads, Li Mei took out a
package of steamed rice.”可知，此处指一顿简单的午餐教会她的比任何教科书都多。故选D。
【15 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：杜邦先生咬了一口红豆羊角面包说：“食物是最美味的外交政策。”A.
tastiest 最美味的；B. heaviest 最重的；C. oldest 最古老的；D. fastest 最快的。根据上文李梅通过食物促进
了文化交流，让同学们之间关系更融洽可知，食物是很美味且吸引人的交流方式。故选A。
（六）
（2025·山西·二模）
On a gray winter afternoon, I was pruning (修剪) my apple tree in my dooryard when a neighbor slowly drove by,
carefully
1
me and shook her head with a hint of
2
as if to say, “Doesn’t he know this is
winter?”
Of course I do. People like to
3
a garden when things are thriving, blooming and setting fruit. But in
winter, once trees have lost their
4
, the garden becomes transparent,
5
new work that needs to
be done, especially those water sprouts (徒长枝) that need pruning.
As I worked in the cold, my mind wandered to a student in my classroom garden. I gave him well-deserved
6
because of his excellent grades and active class participation. But one day, I noticed him lingering (徘徊) after class,
rather
7
. I invited him to talk with me. As I listened, I realized this capable, bright student had simply taken
on too much. His course load was overgrown and needed
8
. I could also see that he had received good
parenting.
9
, his roots were deep in the ground, giving him great
10
to thrive. So I handled
him with the
11
care I would give the
12
in my dooryard: I helped him to prune away the
13
courses he was carrying and eased his anxiety. I could tell one day this young man would eventually
bloom.
You see, it’s not
14
to pay attention to others when things are not going well. But winter comes to
everyone. How do we handle it? The path of least resistance is to
15
rather than reach out.
1．A．admired
B．examined
C．ignored
D．inspired
2．A．agreement
B．appreciation
C．disapproval
D．depression
3．A．get
B．build
C．design
D．tend
4．A．leaves
B．branches
C．color
D．organism
5．A．revealing
B．selecting
C．improving
D．postponing
6．A．comfort
B．pressure
C．doubt
D．praise
7．A．determined
B．disheartened
C．relieved
D．cautious
8．A．weeding
B．watering
C．digging
D．harvesting
9．A．Unfortunately
B．Unusually
C．Apparently
D．Subsequently
10．A．creativity
B．responsibility
C．concern
D．potential
11．A．only
B．same
C．medical
D．urgent
12．A．furniture
B．plant
C．neighbor
D．gardener
13．A．serious
B．special
C．extra
D．temporary
14．A．easy
B．early
C．important
D．safe
15．A．hold on
B．cheer up
C．back off
D．break out
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．D 11．B
12．B 13．C 14．A 15．C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过修剪苹果树的经历，引申出对学生的关怀和帮助。文章通过对比冬天
修剪树枝和帮助学生减轻负担，揭示了在困难时期给予他人支持的重要性。
【1 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个阴沉的冬日午后，我在自家院子里修剪苹果树。这时，一位邻居慢慢地
开车经过，仔细地打量了我一眼，并摇了摇头，流露出一丝不赞同的神情，好像在说：“难道他不知道现
在是冬天吗？”A. admired 钦佩；B. examined 仔细观察；C. ignored 忽视；D. inspired 激励。根据下文
“and shook her head”可知，邻居在观察作者的行为后表示不赞同，说明她仔细观察了作者的行为。故
选B 项。
【2 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个阴沉的冬日午后，我在自家院子里修剪苹果树。这时，一位邻居慢慢地
开车经过，仔细地打量了我一眼，并摇了摇头，流露出一丝不赞同的神情，好像在说：“难道他不知道现
在是冬天吗？”A. agreement 同意；B. appreciation 欣赏；C. disapproval 不赞同；D. depression 沮丧。根据
上文“and shook her head”可知，邻居摇头，说明她认为作者在冬天修剪树枝是不合适的。故选C 项。
【3 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们喜欢在花园里的植物茁壮成长、开花结果时照料花园。A. get 得到；B.
build 建造；C. design 设计；D. tend 照料。根据下文“when things are thriving”可知，当植物开始开花结
果时，人们才会更加愿意去照顾他们的花园，其余选项不符合题意。故选D 项。
【4 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在冬天，一旦树木失去了它们的叶子，花园就变得透明了，揭示了需要进行
的新工作，尤其是那些需要修剪的徒长枝。A. leaves 叶子；B. branches 树枝；C. color 颜色；D. organism
生物体。根据上文“But in winter”可知，冬天树木落叶。故选A 项。
【5 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在冬天，一旦树木失去了它们的叶子，花园就变得透明了，揭示了需要进行
的新工作，尤其是那些需要修剪的徒长枝。A. revealing 揭示；B. selecting 选择；C. improving 提高；D.
postponing 推迟。根据上文“the garden becomes transparent”可知，花园变得透明后，需要做的工作也变
得明显，也就是显示出了需要做的工作。故选A 项。
【6 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我给了他表扬，因为他成绩优异，课堂参与积极。A. comfort 安慰；B.
pressure 压力；C. doubt 怀疑；D. praise 表扬。根据下文“ his excellent grades and active class
participation”可知，这个学生课堂表现很好，所以作者表扬了学生。故选D 项。
【7 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但有一天，我注意到他在课后徘徊，显得有些沮丧。A. determined 坚决的；
B. disheartened 沮丧的；C. relieved 放心的；D. cautious 谨慎的。根据下文“taken on too much”可知，这
个学生的课程压力太大了，所以他表现出了沮丧的情绪。故选B 项。
【8 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的课程负担过重，需要修剪。A. weeding 除草；B. watering 浇水；C.
digging 挖掘；D. harvesting 收获。根据上文“His course load was overgrown”可知，这个学生的课程压力
太大了，所以需要减轻负担，weed 作为动词是“除草”的意思，在这里引申为“去掉不必要的压力”，符
合语境。故选A 项。
【9 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，他的根基深植于大地，赋予了他茁壮成长的巨大潜力。A. Unfortunately
不幸地；B. Unusually 不寻常地；C. Apparently 显然；D. Subsequently 随后。根据上文“he had received
good parenting”可知，作者能看出学生的家庭背景，因此这个学生的未来也是很明显的。故选C 项。
【10 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：显然，他的根基深植于大地，赋予了他茁壮成长的巨大潜力。A. creativity 创造
力；B. responsibility 责任；C. concern 关心；D. potential 潜力。根据上文“his roots were deep”可知，学
生的根基赋予了他成长的潜力。故选D 项。
【11 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，我用对待花园里植物的同样的关怀来对待他。A. only 唯一的；B.
same 同样的；C. medical 医疗的；D. urgent 紧急的。根据上文“the”和下文“care”可知，作者用同样的
关怀对待学生，the same 是一个固定搭配，意思是“同样的”，符合语境。故选B 项。
【12 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我用对待花园里植物的同样的关怀来对待他。A. furniture 家具；B. plant 植物；
C. neighbor 邻居；D. gardener 园丁。根据下文“in my dooryard”可知，在花园里的只能是植物，在这里
作者将学生比作植物。故选B 项。
【13 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我帮助他剪掉那些额外的课程，缓解了他的焦虑。A. serious 严肃的；B.
special 特殊的；C. extra 额外的；D. temporary 暂时的。根据上文“His course load was overgrown”可知，
学生的课程太多了，所以他需要剪掉多余的课程。故选C 项。
【14 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：关注他人在事情不顺利时并不容易。A. easy 容易的；B. early 早的；C.
important 重要的；D. safe 安全的。根据下文“when things are not going well”可知，关注他人在困难时
期是不容易的。故选A 项。
【15 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：最省力的做法是退缩，而不是伸出援手。A. hold on 坚持；B. cheer up 振作起
来；C. back off 退缩；D. break out 爆发。根据下文“rather than reach out”可知，rather than 是“而不
是”的意思，也就是横线处应该填入和下文的reach out 相反的选项。故选C 项。
（七）
（2025·江西上饶·二模）
I teach at a university. One of the “problems” this 1 is that, as the years pass, I get 2 , but my
students remain the same age — 18 to 22. Early on, when I was in my 20s and 30s, this wasn’t a(n) 3 , as
we were close enough in age to speak the same language. But lately I have become 4 aware that a linguistic
ship seems to have 5 and I am not on board.
Let me 6 : Recently, when I walked into my class, my students were 7 warmly with each other.
One of their comments 8 my ear. “Venmo it to me.” I had no 9 what “Venmo” meant, so I
asked. The 10 students were happy to explain it to me, and in return I 11 with an expression of
silly embarrassment.
I am not 12 change, but I am uncomfortable with change when its 13 has me hanging on by
my fingernails. I once joked to a friend that if I were to awaken from a five-year 14 , I’d have no idea what
people were talking about. I just wouldn’t understand the language.
It’s a case of the educator becoming the educated, and I congratulate myself on at least having the 15 to
know what they’re talking about, as well as on my ability — for the most part — to try to learn to understand them.
1．A．presents
B．solves
C．ignores
D．avoids
2．A．slower
B．younger
C．wiser
D．older
3．A．solution
B．issue
C．advantage
D．opportunity
4．A．rarely
B．barely
C．strongly
D．nearly
5．A．sailed
B．arrived
C．stopped
D．disappeared
6．A．discuss
B．show
C．describe
D．illustrate
7．A．arguing
B．chatting
C．laughing
D．whispering
8．A．ignored
B．missed
C．caught
D．avoided
9．A．idea
B．thought
C．plan
D．sense
10．A．hard-working B．good-natured
C．absent-minded
D．bad-manners
11．A．waved
B．shook
C．nodded
D．pointed
12．A．addicted to
B．accustomed to
C．indifferent to
D．opposed to
13．A．pace
B．slowness
C．ease
D．difficulty
14．A．adventure
B．mission
C．dream
D．trip
15．A．ability
B．desire
C．effort
D．failure
【答案】
1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．C
12．D 13．A 14．C 15．B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者作为大学教师，随着年龄增长与学生产生语言代沟，以
“Venmo”为例说明，同时表达了对语言变化速度的感慨。
【1 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在一所大学教书。带来的“问题”之一是，随着岁月流逝，我变老了，但我
的学生们还是18 到22 岁。A. presents 呈现，引起；B. solves 解决；C. ignores 忽视；D. avoids 避免。前文
“One of the ‘problems’”明确指出存在问题，说明这种情况引起了问题。故选A 项。
【2 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在一所大学教书。带来的“问题”之一是，随着岁月流逝，我变老了，但
我的学生们还是18 到22 岁。A. slower 更慢的；B. younger 更年轻的；C. wiser 更明智的；D. older 更老的
后文“but my students remain the same age — 18 to 22”中“but”表示转折，说明与学生年龄不变形成
对比，作者年龄是在增长，变得更老了。故选D 项。
【3 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：早些时候，当我二十多岁和三十多岁时，这不是一个问题，因为我们年龄相近，
有共同语言。A. solution 解决办法；B. issue 问题；C. advantage 优势；D. opportunity 机会。根据后文“as
we were close enough in age to speak the same language”可知，因为年龄相近有共同语言，所以年龄差
异在当时不是一个需要关注的问题。故选B 项。
【4 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但最近我强烈地意识到，一艘语言之船似乎已经启航，而我没赶上。A. rarely
很少地；B. barely 几乎不；C. strongly 强烈地；D. nearly 几乎。后文作者描述自己对学生说的“Venmo”
一无所知，通过这个具体事例体现出作者强烈地感觉到和学生之间存在语言代沟。故选C 项。
【5 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但最近我强烈地意识到，一艘语言之船似乎已经启航，而我没赶上。A. sailed
航行；B. arrived 到达；C. stopped 停止；D. disappeared 消失。结合后文“I am not on board”，“on
board”通常用于描述上船等情况，所以这里说语言之船已经启航，作者没赶上船，符合语境。故选A 项。
【6 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我举例说明：最近，当我走进教室时，我的学生们正在热烈地互相聊天。A.
discuss 讨论；B. show 展示；C. describe 描述；D. illustrate 举例说明。后文作者详细讲述了在教室听到学
生说“Venmo”自己却不理解的事例，这是通过具体例子来进一步说明自己和学生的语言代沟。故选D 项。
【7 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我举例说明：最近，当我走进教室时，我的学生们正在热烈地互相聊天。A.
arguing 争论；B. chatting 聊天；C. laughing 大笑；D. whispering 低语。根据后文“One of their comments
8 ”可知，“comments”通常是在交流、聊天过程中产生的，所以可以推断出学生们在聊天。故选B 项。
【8 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的一句评论引起了我的注意。A. ignored 忽视；B. missed 错过；C. caught
抓住；D. avoided 避免。从后文“so I asked”作者因为这句评论去询问“Venmo”的意思可知，这句评论
引起了作者的注意；catch one’s ear“引起某人的注意”。故选C 项。
【9 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道“Venmo”是什么意思，所以我问了。A. idea 想法；B. thought 思想；
C. plan 计划；D. sense 感觉。根据后文“so I asked”可知，作者因为不知道“Venmo”的意思所以去询问
have no idea“不知道”。故选A 项。
【10 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：友好的学生们很乐意给我解释，作为回报，我带着傻乎乎的尴尬表情点了点
头。A. hard-working 勤奋的；B. good-natured 善良的，友好的；C. absent-minded 心不在焉的；D. bad-
manners 没礼貌的。由后文“were happy to explain it to me”可知，学生们乐意给作者解释，说明学生们
很友好。故选B 项。
【11 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：友好的学生们很乐意给我解释，作为回报，我带着傻乎乎的尴尬表情点了点头。
A. waved 挥手；B. shook 摇晃；C. nodded 点头；D. pointed 指着。结合前文学生给作者解释“Venmo”的
意思，作者作为回应，通常会点头表示感谢和理解。故选C 项。
【12 题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：我并不反对改变，但当改变的速度让我只能拼命跟上时，我会感到不舒服。
A. addicted to 沉迷于；B. accustomed to 习惯于；C. indifferent to 漠不关心；D. opposed to 反对。后文
“but I am uncomfortable with change”中“but”表示转折，说明前面表达的是不反对改变，与后文“感
到不舒服”构成转折关系。故选D 项。
【13 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我并不反对改变，但当改变的速度让我只能拼命跟上时，我会感到不舒服。A.
pace 速度；B. slowness 缓慢；C. ease 轻松；D. difficulty 困难。后文“I’d have no idea what people
were talking about. I just wouldn’t understand the language.”体现出如果时间间隔久一点，作者就跟不上
语言的变化，说明是语言变化的速度让作者感到吃力。故选A 项。
【14 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾经和一个朋友开玩笑说，如果我从五年的沉睡中醒来，我会不知道人们在
说什么。A. adventure 冒险；B. mission 任务；C. dream 梦，沉睡；D. trip 旅行。根据前文“awaken from”
可知，作者假设自己从沉睡中醒来。故选C 项。
【15 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个教育者变成受教育者的例子，我为自己至少有了解他们在说什么的渴
望而祝贺自己，也为自己——在很大程度上——努力去理解他们的能力而祝贺自己。A. ability 能力；B.
desire 愿望，渴望；C. effort 努力；D. failure 失败。根据前文和后文“to know what they’re talking
about”可知，作者去询问“Venmo”的意思等行为，体现出作者有了解学生话语的愿望。故选B 项。
（八）
（2025·广东汕头·二模）
Earlier this year, I took a part-time job at Moonmilk, a cake and ice cream shop. While my initial 1 was
simply to earn some extra cash, the connections and memories there far
2
the pay.
One memorable moment came when a local theater manager
3
a cake to celebrate a (n)
4
victory
against a landlord’s unreasonable attempt to raise rent. Touched by their story, Moonmilk’s owner waived (免除) the
charge for it. Later, the manager
5
free theater tickets to our staff in return for the
6
.
I grew particularly fond of the interactions with some elderly customers. They showed genuine concern for me, often
asking if I was tired after a long shift. One
7
, always alone with a smile, was especially kind. He always
selected an ice cream carefully and declared we
8
the best one in the city.
Then there was the one who frequently visited,
9
about our chocolate orange ice cream flavor, which we
only offered during Christmas. Despite my 1
0
“no,” his persistence became a source of joy on my tiring
days, a reminder of the simple 11 in busy life. Every day, I experienced distinct happiness even though I
had numerous tasks to 1
2
there.
As fall approaches, my schoolwork becomes more 1
3
, forcing me to reduce my shifts at Moonmilk.
However, I’ll miss the summer 1
4
and the interactions there. The experience has 1
5
my
bond with the community, which will last till the end of this year. Hopefully, the orange chocolate ice cream will
return then.
1．A．judgement
B．approach
C．response
D．goal
2．A．overestimated
B．outweighed
C．miscalculated
D．undercharged
3．A．ordered
B．shared
C．enjoyed
D．delivered
4．A．unexpected
B．one-sided
C．historic
D．hard-won
5．A．recommended
B．gifted
C．collected
D．reserved
6．A．service
B．trust
C．kindness
D．discount
7．A．regular
B．colleague
C．relative
D．assistant
8．A．purchased
B．stored
C．served
D．shared
9．A．talking
B．inquiring
C．hearing
D．complaining
10．A．impatient
B．hesitant
C．awkward
D．consistent
11．A．solution
B．assignment
C．pleasure
D．truth
12．A．simplify
B．assign
C．evaluate
D．address
13．A．demanding
B．boring
C．rewarding
D．flexible
14．A．sunshine
B．rush
C．peace
D．camp
15．A．restored
B．broken
C．strengthened
D．weakened
【答案】
1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．D 11．C
12．D 13．A 14．B 15．C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在 Moonmilk 蛋糕冰淇淋店做兼职的经历，包括与顾客之间
的互动以及这段经历给自己带来的感受。
【1 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我最初的目标只是赚些外快。A. judgement 判断；B. approach 方法；C.
response 回应；D. goal 目标。根据下文“earn some extra cash” 可知，这里说的是最初做兼职的目的，故
选D。
【2 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在那里建立的人际关系和留下的回忆远比报酬重要。A. overestimated 高估；
B. outweighed 比…… 更重要；C. miscalculated 误算；D. undercharged 少收费。从文章整体可知，作者强
调在店里的经历很有意义，比报酬更重要，根据上文“the connections and memories”和后文描述的与顾
客之间的各种温暖互动可推知，作者在店里建立的情谊和回忆是非常珍贵的，比薪水更有价值。故选B。
【3 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个值得纪念的时刻是，当地一家剧院的经理点了一个蛋糕来庆祝他艰难地战
胜了房东无理提高租金的企图。A. ordered 订购；B. shared 分享；C. enjoyed 享受；D. delivered 递送。根
据上文“Earlier this year, I took a part-time job at Moonmilk, a cake and ice cream shop. ”以及“a cake to
celebrate ” 以及后面提到蛋糕店老板免单等内容，可推知是剧院经理来店里订蛋糕，故选A。
【4 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个值得纪念的时刻是，当地一家剧院的经理点了一个蛋糕来庆祝他艰难地
战胜了房东无理提高租金的企图。A. unexpected 意外的；B. one - sided 片面的；C. historic 有历史意义的；
D. hard-won 来之不易的。根据下文“against a landlord’s unreasonable attempt to raise rent” 可知，这
场胜利是经过努力才获得的，难地战胜了房东无理提高租金的企图，故选D。
【5 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，经理送给我们员工免费的剧院门票作为对我们善意的回报。A.
recommended 推荐；B. gifted 赠送；C. collected 收集；D. reserved 保留。根据下文 “free theater tickets
to our staff in return for...” 可知，是经理送门票给员工，故选B。
【6 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，经理送给我们员工免费的剧院门票作为对我们善意的回报。A. service 服
务；B. trust 信任；C. kindness 善意；D. discount 折扣。根据 “Moonmilk’s owner waived (免除) the
charge for it” 可知，这是一种善意，是对善意的回报。故选C。
【7 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一位常客，总是面带微笑独自来，特别和蔼。A. regular 常客；B. colleague
同事；C. relative 亲戚；D. assistant 助手。根据下文“He always selected an ice cream carefully” 可知，
这个人经常来店里，是常客，故选A。
【8 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他总是仔细挑选一个冰淇淋，然后宣称我们店里提供的是这个城市里最好吃的
冰淇淋。A. purchased 购买；B. stored 储存；C. served 提供、服务；D. shared 分享。根据下文“the best
one in the city.”可知，这里说的是店里给顾客提供的冰淇淋，故选C。
【9 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：还有一个人经常来，询问我们只有在圣诞节才供应的巧克力橙子味冰淇淋。A.
talking 谈论；B. inquiring 询问；C. hearing 听到；D. complaining 抱怨。根据下文 “about our chocolate
orange ice cream flavor” 以及后面作者一直回答 “no”，可推知这个人是在询问这种冰淇淋，故选B。
【10 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管我总是说“没有”，但他的坚持在我疲惫的日子里成了快乐的源泉，提
醒我忙碌生活中简单的快乐。A. impatient 不耐烦的；B. hesitant 犹豫的；C. awkward 尴尬的；D. consistent
一贯的，始终如一的。根据下文“his persistence became a source of joy on my tiring days” 可知，这
个人一直问，而作者一直回答没有，是一贯的回答，故选D。
【11 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我总是说“没有”，但他的坚持在我疲惫的日子里成了快乐的源泉，提醒
我忙碌生活中简单的快乐。A. solution 解决办法；B. assignment 任务；C. pleasure 快乐；D. truth 真相。根
据 “his persistence became a source of joy” 可知，这里说的是简单的快乐，故选C。
【12 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天，尽管我在那里有很多任务要处理，但我都能体验到独特的快乐。A.
simplify 简化；B. assign 分配；C. evaluate 评估；D. address 处理。根据下文“numerous tasks to...” 可知，
是要处理很多任务，故选D。
【13 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着秋天的临近，我的学业要求更高了，这迫使我减少在 Moonmilk 的工作
时间。A. demanding 要求高的；B. boring 无聊的；C. rewarding 有回报的；D. flexibl 灵活的。根据下文
“forcing me to reduce my shifts at Moonmilk” 可知，学业变得要求高了，所以要减少工作时间，故选
A。
【14 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我会想念夏天的忙碌以及在那里的互动。A. sunshine 阳光；B. rush 忙碌
C. peace 和平；D. camp 露营。根据上文“Every day, I experienced distinct happiness even though I had
numerous tasks to 12 there.”可知，在店里有很多任务等内容，所以作者夏天在店里是很忙碌的，故
选B。
【15 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这段经历加强了我与社区的联系，这种联系将持续到今年年底。A. restored 恢
复；B. broken 打破；C. strengthened 加强；D. weakened 削弱。根据下文“my bond with the community,
which will last till the end of this year.”可知，从作者在店里的经历以及与顾客的互动等内容可知，这段
经历让作者与社区的联系更紧密了，故选C。
（九）
（2025·山东泰安·二模）
My high school experience was an exercise in frustration for everyone involved. I was in a lot of high-level classes
because my test scores were 1 , especially in languages. I never got less than an A on any language 2 —
English, Spanish or French. Even a score under 95% was very 3 .
However, most of my language teachers found this 4 rather than encouraging because I didn’t pay
attention in class — I drew during lectures and my homework grades were terrible 5 me almost never
handing anything in. As an adult, I think many of them believed I had to be cheating, especially the one who 6
to give me a bonus point on a test that would have raised my average score to an A for the quarter because I was not
an A student due to my study habits in her eyes.
My mom had a 7 to force me to complete my piles of missing assignments during the last week of each
quarter, so that I didn’t completely 8 my otherwise good grades. I had exactly one Spanish teacher who I
was able to 9 that I really was learning in class, regardless of what my pencil was doing at the moment.
And that was completely 10 .
One day, she asked a general question in class. I was the only one to raise the hand to offer an 11 . I did so,
and she replied in a somewhat 12 tone that I was correct. Why so surprised? Because at no point in this
process did I look up from the 13 I was working on with my other hand. I didn’t think she figured out that
the drawing was 14 helping me pay attention, but she at least realized it wasn’t damaging anything and
stopped 35 me when she caught me drawing instead of taking notes.
1．A．average
B．excellent
C．unexpected
D．typical
2．A．test
B．barrier
C．content
D．skill
3．A．satisfactory
B．incredible
C．regular
D．rare
4．A．annoying
B．interesting
C．challenging
D．striking
5．A．apart from
B．regardless of
C．owing to
D．as for
6．A．refused
B．offered
C．intended
D．pretended
7．A．right
B．tendency
C．capacity
D．promise
8．A．approve
B．promote
C．achieve
D．destroy
9．A．inform
B．warn
C．convince
D．remind
10．A．at will
B．in need
C．by accident
D．on purpose
11．A．entry
B．answer
C．instruction
D．opportunity
12．A．shocked
B．definite
C．disappointed
D．friendly
13．A．writing
B．calculating
C．designing
D．drawing
14．A．thoroughly
B．personally
C．actually
D．permanently
15．A．blaming
B．discouraging
C．dismissing
D．dominating
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．C 11．B
12．A 13．D 14．C 15．A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者高中时成绩优异但上课不专心，常被老师误解。一位西班牙语老师偶然
发现作者虽在课堂上画画但仍在学习，便不再责备他。
【1 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我参加了很多高级课程，因为我的考试成绩很好，尤其是在语言方面。A.
average 平均的；B. excellent 优秀的；C. unexpected 出乎意料的；D. typical 典型的。根据下文中的“I
never got less than an A”可知，作者成绩优异。故选B。
【2 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有在任何语言测试——英语、西班牙语或法语中成绩低于A。A. test
测试，考试；B. barrier 障碍；C. content 内容；D. skill 技巧。根据上文中的“my test scores”和本句中的
“I never got less than an A”可知，A 是考试成绩级别，这里是说语言考试。故选A。
【3 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使是低于95%的分数也很罕见。A. satisfactory 令人满意的；B. incredible
难以置信的；C. regular 有规律的；D. rare 稀少的。根据上文中的“I never got less than an A on any
language 2
— English, Spanish or French.”可知，作者从来没有在任何语言测试中成绩低于A，
所以这里是说低于95%的分数也很罕见。故选D。
【4 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我的大多数语言老师觉得这很烦人，而不是振奋人心，因为我在课堂
上没有集中注意力——我在上课时画画，而且我的家庭作业成绩很糟糕，因为我几乎从不交任何东西。A.
annoying 使烦恼的，令人生气的；B. interesting 有趣的；C. challenging 挑战性的；D. striking 引人注目的。
根据空后的“rather than encouraging because I didn’t pay attention in class — I drew during lectures and
my homework grades were terrible”可知，这里和encouraging 相反，结合作者上课不认真听讲和作业分数
糟糕可知，大多数语言老师对作者学习态度不端却成绩优秀的事情感到生气。故选A。
【5 题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意参考上题。A. apart from 除了；B. regardless of 不管；C. owing to 因为；D. as
for 至于。根据空前的“my homework grades were terrible”和空后的“me almost never handing anything
in”可知，“几乎不交作业”是“作业成绩糟糕”的原因。故选C。
【6 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个成年人，我想他们中的许多人都认为我一定是在作弊，尤其是那个拒
绝给我一个考试加分的人，加分本会将我本学季的平均分数提高到A，因为在她看来，由于我的学习习惯，
我不是一个A 级学生。A. refused 拒绝；B. offered 主动提出；C. intended 计划；D. pretended 假装。根据
句中的“many of them believed I had to be cheating, especially the one”和“I was not an A student due to
my study habits in her eyes”可知，她认为作者不是A 级学生，相信作者作弊了，由此可知，这个老师拒
绝给作者的考试分数加分。故选A。
【7 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈倾向于在每个学季的最后一周强迫我完成一堆遗漏的作业，这样我就不
会完全毁掉我原本的好成绩。A. right 权利；B. tendency 倾向；C. capacity 能力；D. promise 承诺。根据空
后的“to force me to complete my piles of missing assignments”可知，妈妈倾向于强迫作者完成遗漏的
作业。故选B。
【8 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. approve 赞成；B. promote 提升；C. achieve 实现；D. destroy 破坏。
根据上文中的“my homework grades were terrible 5 me almost never handing anything in”和空
后的“my otherwise good grades”可知，由于作者不交作业，所以作者的作业分数低，妈妈让作者补完遗
漏的作业是不想让作者破坏原有的好成绩。故选D。
【9 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只有一位西班牙语老师，无论我的铅笔当时在做什么，我都能让她相信我真
的在课堂上学习。A. inform 通知；B. warn 警告；C. convince 相信；D. remind 提醒。根据下文中的“she
at least realized it wasn’t damaging anything”可知，西班牙语老师意识到作者画画并没有影响学习，由
此可知，作者让她相信自己在课堂上认真学习了。故选C。
【10 题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：这完全是偶然的。A. at will 任意；B. in need 有需要；C. by accident 偶然；
D. on purpose 故意。根据下文讲述的西班牙语老师提问时只有作者回答出来的事情经过可知，老师通过这
件事偶然发现了作者有在认真听讲。故选C。
【11 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是唯一举手回答的人。A. entry 进入；B. answer 答案，回答；C. instruction
指示，命令；D. opportunity 机会。根据上文中的“she asked a general question in class”可知，这里指举
手回答老师的问题。故选B。
【12 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我这样做了，她有点震惊地回答说我是对的。A. shocked 震惊的；B. definite
肯定的；C. disappointed 失望的；D. friendly 友好的。根据下文中的“Why so surprised? (为什么这么惊
讶？)”可知，老师对作者准确回答问题感到震惊。故选A。
【13 题详解】
考查动词和名词词义辨析。句意：因为在这个过程中，我从未从用另一只手正在绘画的图纸上抬起头来。
A. writing 书写；B. calculating 计算；C. designing 设计；D. drawing 绘画。根据下文中的“the drawing”
可知，这里是原词复现，作者用另一只手绘画。故选D。
【14 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我以为她没有意识到画画实际上是在帮助我集中注意力，但她至少意识到这并
没有破坏任何东西，于是当她发现我画画而不是做笔记时，她就不再责怪我了。A. thoroughly 彻底；B.
personally 就个人意见；C. actually 实际上；D. permanently 永久地。根据空后的“ helping me pay
attention”可知，这里是说实际上画画帮助作者集中注意力。故选C。
【15 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. blaming 责备；B. discouraging 使灰心；C. dismissing 去除，不理会
解雇；D. dominating 支配。根据空后的“me when she caught me drawing instead of taking notes”可知，
当她发现作者在课堂上画画而不是做笔记时，她就不再责怪作者了。故选A。
（十）
（2025·广西南宁·三模）
When my family moved from New Orleans to Chicago, the freezing February wind made me miss our sunny balcony
garden. The city was vast and impersonal, with its towering buildings and
1
faces. Everything felt
2
until Mom joined a community garden project.
On the first Saturday, I paced slowly behind her,
3
my shoes, feeling like an outsider who didn’t belong.
The garden was full of people — a Mexican grandmother teaching kids to plant chili seeds, a Polish couple arguing
about fertilizer ratios (比例). Mrs. Rodriguez handed me a shovel (铲子), her smile
4
the language
barrier.
I froze when
5
to work with Mr. Petrov, a serious Russian man. He pointed at sunflower sprouts,
6
“Solntse! Solntse!” Seeing my
7
, he drew a
8
in the soil: ⊙. “Ah, sun!” I nodded. His eyes lit
up — our first
9
.
Weeks later, my sunflowers 1
0
taller than anyone’s. I kept tending them 1
1
every
afternoon. At the harvest festival, Mr. Petrov gave me a jar of seeds, whispering “Med… for your hardworking 1
2
.” I realized he’d noticed my planting efforts. Mom smiled warmly at me, “You 1
3
more than fruits.”
Now, when neighbors 14 gardening tips, I see roots connecting beneath the soil. We’re all sowing
seeds of understanding, waiting for the 15 of shared laughter to help them grow.
1．A．unconfident
B．unfamiliar
C．impolite
D．imperfect
2．A．strange
B．calm
C．safe
D．dangerous
3．A．searched for
B．looked into
C．stared at
D．took off
4．A．creating
B．bridging
C．enlarging
D．building
5．A．assigned
B．honored
C．permitted
D．warned
6．A．whistling
B．shouting
C．complaining
D．announcing
7．A．curiosity
B．anxiety
C．hesitation
D．confusion
8．A．symbol
B．number
C．letter
D．map
9．A．contradiction
B．celebration
C．correction
D．connection
10．A．remained
B．hung
C．stood
D．lay
11．A．causally
B．simply
C．attentively
D．carelessly
12．A．hands
B．eyes
C．legs
D．minds
13．A．plant
B．water
C．store
D．harvest
14．A．criticize
B．hide
C．invent
D．exchange
15．A．rainbow
B．sunshine
C．moonlight
D．snowfall
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．C 11．C
12．A 13．D 14．D 15．B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者搬到陌生的芝加哥后，通过照料向日葵与多元文化邻居建立
起友谊，体会到邻居间彼此联结的温暖。
【1 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这座城市很大，没有人情味，高楼大厦林立，面孔陌生。A. unconfident 不自
信的；B. unfamiliar 陌生的、不熟悉的；C. impolite 不礼貌的；D. imperfect 不完美的。根据上文“The city
was vast and impersonal”可知，作者觉得芝加哥这座城市很大，没有人情味，因此他遇到的是陌生的面孔
故选B。
【2 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都很陌生，直到妈妈参加了一个社区花园项目。A. strange 陌生的；B.
calm 平静的；C. safe 安全的；D. dangerous 危险的。根据上文“When my family moved from New
Orleans to Chicago, the freezing February wind made me miss our sunny balcony garden.”可知，作者一
家从新奥尔良搬到芝加哥，因此他会觉得这里的一切都很陌生。故选A。
【3 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：第一个星期六，我跟在她后面慢慢地走着，盯着我的鞋子，感觉自己像一个不
属于这里的局外人。A. searched for 寻找；B. looked into 调查；C. stared at 盯着；D. took off 起飞。根
据下文“feeling like an outsider who didn’t belong”可知，作者感觉自己像一个不属于这里的局外人，
这种感觉会让人不安，作者会低头盯着自己的鞋子。故选C。
【4 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：罗德里格斯夫人递给我一把铲子，她的微笑消融了语言隔阂。A. creating 创造；
B. bridging 消除、弥合；C. enlarging 扩大；D. building 建造。根据上文“her smile”和下文“the
language barrier”可推知，她的微笑展示了友好，会消融两人之间的语言隔阂。故选B。
【5 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我被指派与严肃的俄罗斯人彼得罗夫先生一起工作时，我僵在原地。A.
assigned 指派；B. honored 尊敬；C. permitted 允许；D. warned 警告。根据上文“until Mom joined a
community garden project”可知，作者和妈妈在参加社区花园项目，因此他是被指派与严肃的俄罗斯人彼
得罗夫先生一起工作。故选A。
【6 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他指着向日葵芽，喊道：“Solntse！Solntse！”A. whistling 吹口哨；B.
shouting 喊叫；C. complaining 抱怨；D. announcing 宣布。根据下文“Solntse! Solntse!”可推知，俄罗斯人
彼得罗夫先生是在喊叫，告诉一同工作的作者向日葵芽的信息。故选B。
【7 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到我的困惑，他在土里画了一个符号：⊙。A. curiosity 好奇心；B. anxiety 焦
虑；C. hesitation 犹豫；D. confusion 困惑。根据上文“Mr. Petrov, a serious Russian man”和“Solntse!
Solntse!”可知，俄罗斯人彼得罗夫先生说的是作者听不懂的语言，因此作者很困惑。故选D。
【8 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到我的困惑，他在土里画了一个符号：⊙。A. symbol 符号；B. number 数字；
C. letter 字母；D. map 地图。根据上文“drew”和下文“⊙”可知，他在土里画了一个符号，以便作者理
解他的意思。故选A。
【9 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的眼睛亮了起来——这是我们第一次心灵相通。A. contradiction 矛盾；B.
celebration 庆祝；C. correction 纠正；D. connection 联通。根据上文““Ah, sun!” I nodded. His eyes lit
up”可知，作者成功理解了彼得罗夫先生的意思，彼得罗夫先生很高兴，这是两人第一次心灵相通。故选
D。
【10 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周后，我的向日葵长得比任何人的都高。A. remained 保持；B. hung 悬挂；
C. stood 挺立；D. lay 躺。根据上文“my sunflowers”和下文“taller than anyone’s”可推知，作者的向
日葵长得很好，笔直挺立，比任何人的都高。故选C。
【11 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我每天下午都专心致志地照料它们。A. causally 偶然地；B. simply 简单地；C.
attentively 专注地；D. carelessly 粗心地。根据下文“I realized he’d noticed my planting efforts.”可知，
作者为向日葵付出了努力，因此是在专心致志地照料它们。故选C。
【12 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在收获节上，彼得罗夫先生给了我一罐种子，低声说：“Med……感谢你辛勤
的双手。”A. hands 手；B. eyes 眼睛；C. legs 腿；D. minds 头脑。根据上文“I kept tending them
____11____ every afternoon.”可知，作者每天下午都照料向日葵，彼得罗夫先生是感谢作者辛勤的双手。
故选A。
【13 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：妈妈热情地笑着对我说：“你收获的不仅仅是果实。”A. plant 种植；B. water
浇水；C. store 储存；D. harvest 收获。根据上文“At the harvest festival”可知，这是在收获节上，妈妈是
说作者收获的不仅仅是果实。故选D。
【14 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，当邻居们交流园艺技巧时，我看到土壤下的根连接在一起。A. criticize
批评；B. hide 隐藏；C. invent 发明；D. exchange 交流。根据下文“I see roots connecting beneath the
soil”可知，作者用土壤下的根连接在一起比喻邻居们相互联结的状态，因此他们是在交流园艺技巧。故
选D。
【15 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都在播下理解的种子，等待着共同欢笑的阳光来帮助它们成长。A.
rainbow 彩虹；B. sunshine 阳光；C. moonlight 月光；D. snowfall 降雪。根据下文“to help them grow”可
推知，能帮助种子成长的是阳光。故选B。
（十一）
（2025·湖南·二模）
I had started my academic journey as a university instructor in Ethiopia, where I found considerable satisfaction in
mentoring (指导) students.
However, the 1 opportunities and resources there made it difficult to pursue my own growth, so I went to the
United States for my Ph. D．and postdoc. I assumed success meant 2 a position at a highly research-
related institution.
But during my postdoc, I realized I needed to change my 3 . I am a father of two daughters, one of whom
requires long-term medical care. My modest 4 and limited benefits brought me financial instability and
emotional 5 . Professional stress bled into my home life. In turn, the weight of my personal 6 made
professional setbacks more disastrous. Trapped in this 7 , I began to reconsider my career path.
I applied to several positions, and was delighted when I started to receive invitations to interview. The campus visits
included teaching 8 , discussions about mentoring, and an emphasis on how I would 9 research into
a student-centered environment. Such requirements were 10 but refreshing, helping confirm that I was
heading in the right direction. The students’ engagement and curiosity 11 my passion for mentorship.
And research didn’t disappear — perspectives on it 12 .
I’ve learned to redefine 13 after 2 years into my current position. It isn’t 14 about high-
impact publications or grants (拨款). It’s about asking meaningful research questions, 15 opportunities for
students to grow, and maintaining a balance between professional ambitions and personal well-being.
1．A．adequate
B．constant
C．invaluable
D．rare
2．A．securing
B．expecting
C．creating
D．analyzing
3．A．routine
B．perspective
C．temper
D．major
4．A．ambition
B．personality
C．salary
D．attitude
5．A．disappearance
B．exhaustion
C．control
D．reliance
6．A．weaknesses
B．failures
C．responsibilities
D．gains
7．A．cycle
B．institution
C．mistake
D．region
8．A．reflections
B．preparations
C．summaries
D．demonstrations
9．A．classify
B．integrate
C．pour
D．transform
10．A．measurable
B．comparable
C．amusing
D．challenging
11．A．refueled
B．redefined
C．developed
D．clarified
12．A．evolved
B．ceased
C．restored
D．increased
13．A．eagerness
B．happiness
C．success
D．progress
14．A．randomly
B．wildly
C．vividly
D．narrowly
15．A．leaving out
B．opening up
C．looking forward to D．making up for
【答案】
1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．D 11．A
12．A 13．C 14．D 15．B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是一位学者在职业发展中的心路历程，从追求科研成功到重新定
义成功的意义，并找到工作与生活平衡的过程。
【1 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，埃塞俄比亚的机会和资源很少，这使得我难以追求自己的成长，所以
我去了美国攻读博士学位和做博士后研究。A. adequate 充足的；B. constant 持续的；C. invaluable 无价的；
D. rare 稀少的。根据下文的“made it difficult to pursue my own growth”可知，机会和资源稀少。故选
D。
【2 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我原以为成功意味着在一所高度研究型机构中获得一个职位。A. securing 获得；
B. expecting 期待；C. creating 创造；D. analyzing 分析。根据语境和下文的“ a position at a highly
research-related institution.”可知，此处介绍的是作者对成功的理解，所以此处指的是“获得”职位是作者
对成功的最初理解。故选A。
【3 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在博士后期间，我意识到我需要改变我对职业的看法。A. routine 日常；B.
perspective 观点，看法；C. temper 脾气；D. major 专业。根据下文“I am a father of two daughters, one
of whom requires long-term medical care.”以及“Trapped in this ____7____ , I began to reconsider my
career path.”可知，作者因为家庭状况，意识到需要改变对职业的“看法”符合语境。故选B。
【4 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我微薄的薪水和有限的福利让我陷入财务不稳定和情感疲惫。A. ambition 抱负；
B. personality 性格；C. salary 薪水；D. attitude 态度。根据下文的“financial instability”可知，薪水微薄导
致经济问题。故选C。
【5 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. disappearance 消失；B. exhaustion 疲惫；C. control 控制；D. reliance
依赖。根据下文的“Professional stress bled into my home life”可知，作者感到身心疲惫。故选B。
【6 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：反过来，我个人责任的重担让职业挫折更加灾难性。A. weaknesses 弱点；B.
failures 失败；C. responsibilities 责任；D. gains 收获。根据上文的“I am a father of two daughters, one
of whom requires long-term medical care.”可知，作者肩负家庭责任。故选C。
【7 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：被困在这个循环中，我开始重新考虑我的职业道路。A. cycle 循环；B.
institution 机构；C. mistake 错误；D. region 地区。根据上文的“My modest ____4____ and limited
benefits brought me financial instability and emotional ____5____ . Professional stress bled into my home
life. In turn, the weight of my personal ____6____ made professional setbacks more disastrous.”可知，职
业压力和个人生活的压力相互影响，形成了恶性“循环”符合语境。故选A。
【8 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：校园访问包括教学演示、关于指导学生的讨论，以及如何将研究融入以学生为
中心的环境。A. reflections 反思；B. preparations 准备；C. summaries 总结；D. demonstrations 演示。根据
上文的“campus visits”可知，校园访问包括教学 “展示” 和关于指导的讨论，teaching demonstrations 为
固定搭配，意为“教学演示”。故选D。
【9 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. classify 分类；B. integrate 融入；C. pour 倾倒；D. transform 转变。
根据上文的“I applied to several positions, and was delighted when I started to receive invitations to
interview.”以及下文的“into a student-centered environment”可知，此处介绍的是作者接受面试的要求，
由此可知，此处指的是介绍作者如何将研究需融入教学环境，integrate...into...是固定搭配，意为“将……
融入……”。故选B。
【10 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些要求具有挑战性但令人耳目一新，帮助我确认自己正朝着正确的方向前
进。A. measurable 可衡量的；B. comparable 可比较的；C. amusing 有趣的；D. challenging 有挑战性的。
根据下文的“but refreshing”可知，此空与“令人耳目一新”为转折关系，所以此处指的是这些要求虽有
“挑战性”但令人耳目一新。故选D。
【11 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生的参与和好奇心重新点燃了我对指导的热情。A. refueled 重新点燃；B.
redefined 重新定义；C. developed 发展；D. clarified 澄清。根据上文的“ Such requirements were
____10____ but refreshing, helping confirm that I was heading in the right direction.”可知，这些具有挑
战性但令人耳目一新的要求帮助作者朝着正确的方向发展，结合下文的“my passion for mentorship”可知，
此处指的是学生的参与和好奇心“重新点燃”热情，符合语境。故选A。
【12 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究并未消失——对其看法有所演变。A. evolved 演变；B. ceased 停止；C.
restored 恢复；D. increased 增加。根据上文的“ I assumed success meant ____2____ a position at a
highly research-related institution.”可知，作者以前认为成功意味着拥有一个与研究高度相关的职位，结合
下文的“perspectives on it”可知，此处指的是作者对研究的观点发生了变化。故选A。
【13 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我目前职位的两年后，我学会了重新定义成功。A. eagerness 渴望；B.
happiness 幸福；C. success 成功；D. progress 进步。根据上文的“I assumed success meant ____2____ a
position at a highly research-related institution.”可知，作者以前认为成功意味着拥有一个与研究高度相关
的职位，结合下文“It isn’t ____14____ about high-impact publications or grants (拨款). It’s about asking
meaningful research questions, ____15____ opportunities for students to grow, and maintaining a balance
between professional ambitions and personal well-being.”可知，此处指的是作者重新定义了“成功”的含
义。故选C。
【14 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：成功并不仅仅狭隘的关于高影响力的出版物或拨款。A. randomly 随机地；B.
wildly 疯狂地；C. vividly 生动地；D. narrowly 狭隘地。根据上文的“ I’ ve learned to redefine
____13____ after 2 years into my current position.”可知，作者在目前的职位两年后对成功有了重新定义，
结合下文的“about high-impact publications or grants (拨款).”可知，作者认为将成功定义为关于高影响力
的出版物或拨款，这应该是对成功狭隘定义。故选D。
【15 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：它关乎提出有意义的研究问题，为学生成长创造机会，并在职业抱负与个人福
祉之间保持平衡。A. leaving out 遗漏；B. opening up 创造；C. looking forward to 期待；D. making up for
弥补。根据上文的“It’s about asking meaningful research questions”可知，成功在于提出有意义的研究
问题，结合下文的“opportunities for students to grow”可知，作者希望为学生创造机会。故选B。
（十二）
（2025·河南·二模）
As an educator with decades of experience, I have always recognized the motivational value of praise. I had thought I
had mastered the approach to giving praise, but recent incidents made me rethink.
While I effortlessly tailor appreciation to adults in my workplace, designing rhymes that delight
1
requires a
different approach. When little Clara
2
to form her letters, I showered her with praise, “Your A is splendid,
and this D stands like a soldier! But your E needs to be shorter — let’s
3
it.” She obediently (服从地) erased
her work, her eyes
4
by my kind-hearted “but”. Though convinced that I was
5
her for academic
challenges, I later questioned whether such corrections might
6
her creative confidence.
This pattern repeated at home. My husband, who
7
handles housework, once
8
my load by
preparing lunch. “You’re so
9
!” I began warmly, before adding, “but why drop bread pieces everywhere?” His
smile disappeared — a reaction that 1
0
me to analyze my communication patterns.
That night, an inspiration struck me: replacing “but” with “and” could transform criticism into 1
1
encouragement. To Clara, I say, “I like your tall letters, and I notice how 1
2
you’re adjusting the E!” To
my husband, I say, “Thank you, and I deeply value your support.” The next morning, I 1
3
this slight
linguistic changes. Clara’s eyes 1
4
at the double praise; my husband, hearing “and your timing was
perfect”, embraced me warmly. Sometimes the smallest 1
5
in phrasing build the strongest bridges of
understanding.
1．A．strangers
B．preschoolers
C．neighbors
D．friends
2．A．hesitated
B．struggled
C．pretended
D．refused
3．A．reread
B．recycle
C．reshape
D．recover
4．A．brightened
B．darkened
C．shone
D．softened
5．A．equipping
B．rewarding
C．comforting
D．pressuring
6．A．keep
B．reflect
C．harm
D．double
7．A．unwillingly
B．unfairly
C．randomly
D．rarely
8．A．lightened
B．added
C．described
D．stressed
9．A．considerate
B．cautious
C．strict
D．honest
10．A．forbade
B．urged
C．permitted
D．delayed
11．A．artificial
B．genuine
C．legal
D．formal
12．A．carelessly
B．passively
C．attentively
D．generously
13．A．broke
B．questioned
C．applied
D．explained
14．A．opened up
B．rose up
C．woke up
D．lit up
15．A．barriers
B．exchanges
C．shifts
D．traditions
【答案】
1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．A 10．B 11．B
12．C 13．C 14．D 15．C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者在和家人的沟通过程中，发现自己总是在夸奖之后挑剔不足，于是改变了
自己的语言，让家人变得更加高兴起来。
【1 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我可以毫不费力地为工作场所的成年人量身定制感激之词，但设计让学龄
前儿童高兴的押韵需要不同的方法。A. strangers 陌生人；B. preschoolers 学龄前儿童；C. neighbors 邻居；
D. friends 朋友。根据后文“to form her letters”可知，克拉拉还在写字母，说明还是学龄前儿童，故选
B。
【2 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当小克拉拉努力写字母的时候，我对她赞不绝口：“你的A 太棒了，这个D 站
得像个战士！但你的E 需要更短——让我们重新塑造它。”A. hesitated 犹豫；B. struggled 努力；C.
pretended 假装；D. refused 拒绝。根据后文“to form her letters, I showered her with praise”可知，克拉
拉因为努力写字母得到了作者的夸奖。故选B。
【3 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当小克拉拉努力写字母的时候，我对她赞不绝口：“你的A 太棒了，这个D 站
得像个战士！但你的E 需要更短——让我们重新塑造它。”A. reread 重读；B. recycle 回收利用；C.
reshape 改造；D. recover 恢复。根据上文“But your E needs to be shorter”以及后文“She obediently
erased her work”可知，作者认为克拉拉E 需要更短，需要重塑，故选C。
【4 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她乖乖地擦掉了她的作品，她的眼睛被我善意的“但是”弄暗了。A.
brightened 点亮；B. darkened 变暗；C. shone 闪耀；D. softened 软化。根据后文“by my kind-hearted
“but””以及后文提到作者质疑自己的做法会损害孩子的信息，所以推测孩子的眼睛被作者善意的“但
是”弄暗了。故选B。
【5 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我确信我是在帮助她应对学术挑战，但后来我质疑这样的纠正是否会损害
她的创作信心。A. equipping 装备；B. rewarding 奖励；C. comforting 安慰；D. pressuring 施加压力。根据
后文“her for academic challenges”可知，作者认为自己是在帮助克拉拉应对学术挑战，equip for 表示
“为……做准备”。故选A。
【6 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我确信我是在帮助她应对学术挑战，但后来我质疑这样的纠正是否会损害
她的创作信心。A. keep 保持；B. reflect 反思；C. harm 危害；D. double 翻倍。根据上文“ I later
questioned whether such corrections might”以及“She obediently (服从地) erased her work, her eyes 4 by
my kind-hearted “but”.”可知，这样的做法会损害孩子的信心。故选C。
【7 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的丈夫很少做家务，有一次他帮我准备午餐，减轻了我的负担。A.
unwillingly 不情愿地；B. unfairly 不公平地；C. randomly 随机地；D. rarely 稀有地。根据后文“handles
housework”以及后文作者夸奖丈夫贴心，推测丈夫很少做家务，所以作者才夸奖。故选D。
【8 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的丈夫很少做家务，有一次他帮我准备午餐，减轻了我的负担。A. lightened
减轻；B. added 增加；C. described 描述；D. stressed 强调。根据后文“my load by preparing lunch”可知，
准备午餐减轻了作者的负担。故选A。
【9 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“你真贴心！”A. considerate 贴心的；B. cautious 谨慎的；C. strict 严格的；
D. honest 诚实的。根据后文“my load by preparing lunch”可知，丈夫帮助作者准备午餐，作者夸奖对方
贴心。故选A。
【10 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的笑容消失了——这一反应促使我开始分析自己的交流模式。A. forbade 禁
止；B. urged 催促；C. permitted 允许；D. delayed 推迟。根据后文“me to analyze my communication
patterns”可知，丈夫的微笑消失了，这促使作者开始反思自己的交流模式。短语urge sb. to do sth.表示
“敦促某人做某事”。故选B。
【11 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，我突然有了一个灵感：用“而且”代替“但是”可以把批评变成
真正的鼓励。A. artificial 人工的；B. genuine 真正的；C. legal 合法的；D. formal 正式的。根据上文
“replacing “but” with “and” could transform criticism into”以及后文“I like your tall letters”可知，
作者开始用“而且”代替“但是”可以把批评变成真正的鼓励。故选B。
【12 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我对克拉拉说：“我喜欢你的高字母，而且注意到你是多么用心地调整字母
E！”A. carelessly 马虎地；B. passively 被动地；C. attentively 专注地；D. generously 慷慨地。根据后文
“you’re adjusting the E!”可知，作者夸奖孩子调整字母E 很专注。故选C。
【13 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我应用了语言上的这一小小的改变。A. broke 打破；B.
questioned 质疑；C. applied 应用；D. explained 解释。根据后文“at the double praise; my husband,
hearing “and your timing was perfect”, embraced me warmly”可知，作者给了孩子双重赞美，也换了方
式夸奖丈夫，说明应用了这一改变。故选C。
【14 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：克拉拉听到这双重赞美，眼睛一亮；丈夫听到“你来得正是时候”，热情地拥
抱了我。A. opened up 开放；B. rose up 反抗；C. woke up 唤醒；D. lit up 点亮。根据后文“at the double
praise”可知，孩子听到双重赞美眼睛一亮，很高兴。故选D。
【15 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候，措辞上最小的变化可以建立起最牢固的理解之桥。A. barriers 障碍；
B. exchanges 交换；C. shifts 改变；D. traditions 传统。呼应上文“this slight linguistic changes”指措辞上
最小的变化可以建立起最牢固的理解之桥。故选C。
（十三）
（2025·浙江·二模）
There is a busy street corner near a bus station where kids change buses going to or from school. The area is far from
attractive: 1 traffic roars nearby, and grey buildings tower like concrete giants. Yet amid this urban gloom
grows a lively garden called “Pete’s Patch” —a
2
created in nine and a half minutes.
Pete is one of the kids who, for nine and a half minutes each day, have to
3
here to change buses. The station
smelled strongly of gas, and the nearby land, once possibly a garden, now lay
4
with trash—cans, wrappers, and
chicken boxes. Most kids
5
their time complaining, but Pete felt restless. He began to think: why not make
these minutes
6
for him and others.
One Monday, he arrived with bags and gloves. As he piled the
7
into bags, his classmates teased: ‘Why
8
yourself? It’ll just get dirty again!” But Pete persisted. On the weekend, he dragged 12 bags to the landfill.
Next, he spent pocket money on tulips and lavender (薰衣草) seeds. Each day, he
9
the soil and watered
seedlings. Slowly, green shoots emerged. Teasing turned to awe when blossoms
10
color to the cheerless
corner. Kids began using trash bins; some even
11
to help water.
One afternoon, an elderly man
12
Pete. “I used to garden here decades ago.” he said, handing Pete a
watering can. “You’ve
13
its soul.”
Now, “Pete’s Patch” thrives. What was once
14
is now a symbol of community pride. Pete’s story proves that
small acts, if patiently nurtured, can grow into something
15
.
1．A．heavy
B．silent
C．gentle
D．light
2．A．lesson
B．miracle
C．barrier
D．campaign
3．A．study
B．wait
C．play
D．argue
4．A．decorated
B．linked
C．emptied
D．covered
5．A．wasted
B．saved
C．valued
D．scheduled
6．A．short
B．endless
C．quiet
D．enjoyable
7．A．gloves
B．books
C．trash
D．soil
8．A．bother
B．enjoy
C．teach
D．blame
9．A．polluted
B．selected
C．removed
D．loosened
10．A．took away
B．brought out
C．passed on
D．put up
11．A．refused
B．pretended
C．offered
D．forgot
12．A．criticized
B．questioned
C．followed
D．approached
13．A．destroyed
B．hidden
C．revived
D．discovered
14．A．avoided
B．admired
C．expanded
D．remembered
15．A．supernatural
B．overwhelming
C．extraordinary
D．underdeveloped
【答案】
1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．C
12．D 13．C 14．A 15．C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了少年Pete 在公交站灰暗角落用9 分半钟时间清理垃圾、种植
花卉，将废弃之地改造成社区花园“Pete’s Patch”的励志故事。
【1 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个地方一点也不吸引人：附近车水马龙，车辆轰鸣声不断，灰色的建筑如
混凝土巨人般高高耸立。A. heavy 沉重的、繁忙的；B. silent 寂静的；C. gentle 温和的；D. light 轻的、微
弱的。根据上文“There is a busy street corner near a bus station where kids change buses going to or from
school.”以及空后“traffic roars nearby”可知，附近交通繁忙，车辆轰鸣声很大。故选A。
【2 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在这片城市的灰暗之中，却有一座生机勃勃的花园，名为“Pete 的花
园”——一个在九分半钟内创造的奇迹。A. lesson 教训、课程；B. miracle 奇迹；C. barrier 障碍；D.
campaign 活动。根据上文“ The area is far from attractive: ___1___ traffic roars nearby, and grey
buildings tower like concrete giants.”可知，这个角落环境很差。再根据下文“Pete’s story proves that
small acts, if patiently nurtured, can grow into something ___15___ .”可知，这个地方后来变成了生机
勃勃的花园，这是一个奇迹。故选B。
【3 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Pete 是每天都要在这里等上九分半钟换乘公交车的孩子之一。A. study 学习、
研究；B. wait 等待；C. play 玩耍；D. argue 争论。根据下文“here to change buses.”可知，Pete 每天要在
这里等上九分半钟换乘公交车。故选B。
【4 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：公交车站弥漫着浓烈的汽油味，附近的土地，曾经可能是一座花园，如今却布
满了垃圾桶、包装纸和炸鸡盒等垃圾。A. decorated 装饰；B. linked 相连接；C. emptied 清空；D. covered
覆盖。根据空后“with trash—cans, wrappers, and chicken boxes.”以及下文“On the weekend, he dragged
12 bags to the landfill.”可知，这座曾经的花园如今却布满了垃圾桶、包装纸和炸鸡盒等垃圾。be covered
with“充满”符合语境。故选D。
【5 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数孩子都在抱怨中虚度时光，但Pete 却坐不住。A. wasted 浪费；B. saved
节省、挽救；C. valued 珍视；D. scheduled 安排、计划。根据空后“time complaining,”以及语境可知，大
多数孩子在等车的时候都是在抱怨中虚度时光。考查短语：waste…doing sth.，意为“浪费时间做某事”，
符合句意。故选A。
【6 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他开始思考：为什么不让这几分钟对他自己和其他人来说变得愉快呢？A.
short 短暂的；B. endless 无尽的；C. quiet 安静的；D. enjoyable 愉快的。根据语境可知，Pete 想让这些时
间对自己和其他人来说变得愉快，与前面大多数孩子浪费时间形成对比。故选D。
【7 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他把垃圾装进袋子里时，他的同学们嘲笑他说：“你何必自找麻烦呢？这里
很快又会变脏的！”A. gloves 手套；B. books 书籍；C. trash 垃圾；D. soil 土壤。根据上文“The station
smelled strongly of gas, and the nearby land, once possibly a garden, now lay ___4___ with trash—cans,
wrappers, and chicken boxes.”可知，这个地方满是垃圾。由此可推测，Pete 带着袋子和手套是来捡垃圾的
故选C。
【8 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他把垃圾装进袋子里时，他的同学们嘲笑他说：“你何必自找麻烦呢？这里
很快又会变脏的！”A. bother 费心；B. enjoy 享受；C. teach 教；D. blame 责备。根据下文“It’ll just get
dirty again!”可知，这里同学们是说Pete 没必要费心做这件事，因为它还会再变脏。故选A。
【9 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天，他都会松土并给幼苗浇水。A. polluted 污染；B. selected 选择；C.
removed 移除；D. loosened 使……变松。根据空后的“the soil”以及“watered seedlings”结合常识可知，
Pete 要松土和浇水。故选D。
【10 题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当花朵为这个毫无生气的角落带来色彩时，同学们的嘲笑变成了惊叹。A.
took away 带走；B. brought out 激发、显现；C. passed on 传递、传承；D. put up 张贴、搭建。根据上文
“Slowly, green shoots emerged.”以及空后“color to the cheerless corner”可推测，嫩绿的新芽，花朵的
多彩，给这个曾经毫无生气的角落带来了色彩。故选B。
【11 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们开始使用垃圾桶；有些孩子甚至主动提出帮忙浇水。A. refused 拒绝；
B. pretended 假装；C. offered 提供，主动提出；D. forgot 忘记。根据上文“Kids began using trash bins”
可知，孩子们开始有了积极的变化；再根据空前“even”可推测，一些孩子甚至主动提出帮忙浇水。故选
C。
【12 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，一位老人走到Pete 跟前。A. criticized 批评；B. questioned 质疑；C.
followed 跟随；D. approached 接近。根据下文““I used to garden here decades ago.” he said, handing
Pete a watering can.”可推测，一位老人走近Pete，对他表达了感激之情。故选D。
【13 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“几十年前我曾在这里打理花园。”他边说边递给Pete 一个浇水壶，“你让它
的灵魂得以重生。”A. destroyed 摧毁；B. hidden 隐藏；C. revived 复苏；D. discovered 发现。根据全文内
容可知，这个角落曾经充满了垃圾，是Pete 让它重换生机，也让孩子们态度发生了变化。由此可知，老人
认为Pete 让花园的灵魂得以重生。故选C。
【14 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：曾经被人避开的地方，现在成了社区的骄傲象征。A. avoided 避免，避开；B.
admired 钦佩；C. expanded 扩大；D. remembered 记住。根据上文“The area is far from attractive:
___1___ traffic roars nearby, and grey buildings tower like concrete giants.”以及“The station smelled
strongly of gas, and the nearby land, once possibly a garden, now lay ___4___ with trash— cans,
wrappers, and chicken boxes.”可知，这个地方曾经环境差，被人们避开。故选A。
【15 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Pete 的故事证明，微小的善举，若能耐心培育，也能发展成非凡的成就。A.
supernatural 超自然的；B. overwhelming 压倒性的；C. extraordinary 非凡的；D. underdeveloped 不发达的。
根据上文内容可知，Pete 通过自己的坚持和努力，让曾经脏乱的角落成为社区人们的骄傲，这是非凡的成
就。故选C。
（十四）
（2025·广东·二模）
I used to be an ambitious resolution-maker. Every January 1st, I would dutifully sit down and write out my 1
resolutions like landing 100 new clients, getting promoted, or being the top seller. However, I never 2 those
goals. By March, I’d lose my willpower and 3 my old habits, and every winter, I’d feel extremely ashamed,
looking back at all of the amazing things I didn’t do.
Eventually, I was tired of this cycle. Fueled by the weight of years of 4 , a desire for something 5
began to grow within me. I decided to 6 . I quit my job and pursued my passion for 7 . It wasn’t
a grand exit, but a brave decision.
This transformation, of course, wasn’t 8 . Financial anxiety and self-doubt 9 my every step. I
tried to
1 0
my world shot by shot. I sharpened my skills, built a photo collection, and connected with other
artists. Instead of aiming
1 1
, I set achievable goals. With each one checked off the list, I feel
1 2
.
I can say this decision has completely shifted my
1 3
on “success” and “failure”. Before, I always felt like I
was failing, but now simply photographing a beautiful moment or cheering up someone with a photograph counts as
a huge
1 4
.
Now, my shiny goals never turn to
1 5
!
1．A．practical
B．grand
C．creative
D．strange
2．A．met
B．raised
C．set
D．shared
3．A．fight for
B．give up
C．slide into
D．shake off
4．A．arguing
B．planning
C．waiting
D．failing
5．A．different
B．relevant
C．complex
D．difficult
6．A．work
B．continue
C．change
D．stay
7．A．shooting
B．investment
C．photography
D．painting
8．A．complete
B．easy
C．rapid
D．real
9．A．shadowed
B．simplified
C．outlined
D．decided
10．A．shake
B．define
C．rule
D．rebuild
11．A．ahead
B．straight
C．high
D．right
12．A．respected
B．amused
C．shocked
D．satisfied
13．A．view
B．strategy
C．emphasis
D．attention
14．A．impact
B．success
C．burden
D．advantage
15．A．gold
B．poison
C．light
D．dust
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．D 12．C
13．D 14．A 15．B 16．D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从设定不切实际的宏大目标到追求摄影梦想的心路历程，
强调了改变与成长的重要性。
【1 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每年的1 月1 日，我都会尽职尽责地坐下来，写下我宏大的新年决心，比如
开发100 个新客户、获得晋升或者成为销售冠军。A. practical 实际的；B. grand 宏大的，盛大的；C.
creative 有创造力的；D. strange 奇怪的。根据后文“like landing 100 new clients, getting promoted, or being
the top seller”可知，这些都是比较宏大的目标。故选B。
【2 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我从未实现过这些目标。A. met 达到，实现；B. raised 提高，养育；C.
set 设置；D. shared 分享。根据后文“By March, I’d lose my willpower”可知，作者没有坚持下去，所
以没有实现目标，“meet goals”表示“实现目标”。故选A。
【3 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：到了3 月份，我就会失去意志力，重新陷入旧习惯，每年冬天，回顾那些我没
有完成的令人惊叹的事情，我都会感到极度羞愧。A. fight for 为……而战；B. give up 放弃；C. slide into
不知不觉地陷入，滑入；D. shake off 摆脱。根据前文“lose my willpower”可知，作者失去意志力后会重
新陷入旧习惯。故选C。
【4 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在多年失败的重压下，我内心开始渴望一些不同的东西。A. arguing 争论；B.
planning 计划；C. waiting 等待；D. failing 失败。根据前文“However, I never 2 those goals”作者总是
无法实现目标可知，作者经历了多年的失败。故选D。
【5 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在多年失败的重压下，我内心开始渴望一些不同的东西。A. different 不同的；
B. relevant 相关的；C. complex 复杂的；D. difficult 困难的。根据前文“I was tired of this cycle”可知，
作者厌倦了之前的循环，所以渴望一些不同的东西。故选A。
【6 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定做出改变。A. work 工作；B. continue 继续；C. change 改变；D. stay 停
留。根据后文“I quit my job and pursued my passion”可知，作者辞去了工作去追求热爱，说明作者决
定做出改变。故选C。
【7 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我辞去了工作，去追求我对摄影的热爱。A. shooting 射击；B. investment 投资；
C. photography 摄影；D. painting 绘画。根据后文“photographing a beautiful moment”可知，作者追求的
是摄影。故选C。
【8 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，这种转变并不容易。A. complete 完全的；B. easy 容易的；C. rapid 迅
速的；D. real 真实的。根据后文“Financial anxiety and self-doubt”可知，作者面临着经济焦虑和自我怀
疑，说明这种转变并不容易。故选B。
【9 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：经济上的焦虑和自我怀疑笼罩着我的每一步。A. shadowed 笼罩，遮蔽；B.
simplified 简化；C. outlined 概述；D. decided 决定。根据前文“Financial anxiety and self-doubt”可知，作
者面临着经济焦虑和自我怀疑，这些负面情绪像影子一样一直伴随着作者，笼罩着他。故选A。
【10 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试图一点一点地重建我的世界。A. shake 摇晃；B. define 定义；C. rule 统治；
D. rebuild 重建。根据前文“I quit my job and pursued my passion for 7 ”可知，作者辞去工作追求摄
影，作者是在重建自己的世界。故选D。
【11 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我不再设定过高的目标，而是设定可实现的目标。A. ahead 向前；B. straight 直
接地；C. high 高地；D. right 正确地。根据后文“I set achievable goals”可知，作者不再设定过高的目标
故选C。
【12 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着清单上的每一个目标被划掉，我感到很满足。A. respected 受尊敬的；B.
amused 被逗乐的；C. shocked 震惊的；D. satisfied 满足的。根据前文“With each one checked off the
list”可知，作者每划掉一个完成的目标都会感到满足。故选D。
【13 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我可以说，这个决定完全改变了我对“成功”和“失败”的看法。A. view 观点
看法；B. strategy 策略；C. emphasis 重点；D. attention 注意力。根据后文“Before, I always felt like I was
failing, but now simply photographing a beautiful moment or cheering up someone with a photograph counts
as a huge 14 .”可知作者对成功和失败有了不同理解，这个决定改变了作者对“成功”和“失败”的看
法。故选A。
【14 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：以前，我总是觉得自己在失败，但现在，仅仅拍摄一个美丽的瞬间或者用一张
照片让某人开心，都算是一个巨大的成功。A. impact 影响；B. success 成功；C. burden 负担；D. advantage
优势。根据前文“I always felt like I was failing”可知，作者以前觉得自己在失败，现在觉得这些小事也
是成功。故选B。
【15 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，我那些闪闪发光的目标再也不会变成尘土了！A. gold 金子；B. poison 毒
药；C. light 光；D. dust 尘土。根据前文作者以前总是无法实现目标，现在却能取得一些小成功可知，作
者现在不会再让目标变成尘土，这里表示作者现在的目标不会像以前那样无法实现，化为乌有。故选D。
（十五）
（2025·黑龙江·二模）
My father was diagnosed with dementia (痴呆) at 81. There were no sudden or
1
changes in him, but
gradually, he started repeating himself or asking questions to which he should have known the answers. Instead of
thinking about it constantly, Dad accepted the situation and practically
2
it. He voluntarily gave up his car
keys before anyone had to ask. He had seen how the disease affected two of his siblings (兄弟姐妹), but he never
let a sense of doom (劫数) control how he
3
each day.
As a former journalist. it was natural for him to decide to
4
his experience. He pitched (扔，投) the idea
to the local newspaper Halifax Chronicle Herald, and over the next six years, nearly 70 of his
5
were
published. Writing the columns gave him a renewed
6
of purpose. In one column, Dad wrote about
remembering all the
7
of a dinner with former Canadian Prime Minister John Diefenbaker, but not the
name of his favorite restaurant.
What surprised him and us most was the attention the columns attracted. Countless friends, acquaintances and
strangers
8
them. People on the street came up to him, thanked him and shared their own stories. What
this revealed was how
9
dementia affected people’s lives. Everyone seemed to have a story about a loved one
dealing with it. People found comfort in reading about his journey, and the columns helped
10
the disease
into the open.
As the disease
11
, Dad never took himself too seriously. He had always been a keen reader, so Mom
12
to him that he only needed two books: read one, forget it, read the second, and the first would feel new again!
Humor, a positive attitude, and socialization helped delay the worst
13
, but Dad’s condition declined and
he required constant
14
. His mood became more
15
and emotional, but he remained engaged
and engaging until the end.
1．A．slight
B．different
C．stable
D．dramatic
2．A．embraced
B．defeated
C．rejected
D．enjoyed
3．A．bore
B．approached
C．counted
D．suffered
4．A．remember
B．document
C．recall
D．spread
5．A．novels
B．anecdotes
C．columns
D．fairies
6．A．sense
B．awareness
C．meaning
D．direction
7．A．practices
B．rituals
C．chores
D．details
8．A．criticized
B．evaluated
C．appreciated
D．prioritized
9．A．negatively
B．positively
C．widely
D．partially
10．A．take out
B．bring out
C．make out
D．put out
11．A．progressed
B．transmitted
C．improved
D．disappeared
12．A．talked
B．explained
C．joked
D．whispered
13．A．marks
B．signs
C．symptoms
D．traces
14．A．interruption
B．supervision
C．consideration
D．protection
15．A．unbelievable
B．unsustainable
C．uncomfortable
D．unpredictable
【答案】
1．D 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．C 10．B 11．A
12．C 13．C 14．B 15．D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作为前记者的父亲患痴呆症后，通过为报纸撰写专栏记录经历，
引发广泛关注，展现了痴呆症对人们生活的广泛影响，以及父亲面对疾病时的乐观态度和病情的发展过程。
【1 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他身上没有突然或明显的变化，但渐渐地，他开始重复自己，或者问一些他
本应该知道答案的问题。A. slight 轻微的；B. different 不同的；C. stable 稳定的；D. dramatic 引人注目的。
根据下文“but gradually, he started repeating himself or asking questions to which he should have known the
answers”可知，父亲是渐渐地开始重复自己，或者问一些他本应该知道答案的问题，而不是突然或者有明
显的变化。故选D。
【2 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲没有不停地思考这件事，而是接受了这个现实，并坦然面对。A. embraced
欣然接受；B. defeated 打败；C. rejected 拒绝；D. enjoyed 喜欢。根据下文“He voluntarily gave up his
car keys before anyone had to ask.”可知，父亲主动交出了车钥匙，说明他接受了自己患有痴呆症的现实，
并坦然面对。故选A。
【3 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他见过这种疾病是如何影响他的两个兄弟姐妹的，但他从未让一种厄运感控制
他如何度过每一天。A. bore 忍受；B. approached 处理；C. counted 数数；D. suffered 遭受。根据上文“he
never let a sense of doom (劫数) control”可知，父亲虽然知道自己患有痴呆症，但他从未让一种厄运感
控制他如何度过每一天，即他积极地处理每一天的生活。故选B。
【4 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名前记者，他决定记录自己的经历是很自然的。A. remember 记住；B.
document 记录；C. recall 回忆；D. spread 传播。根据下文“He pitched (扔，投) the idea to the local
newspaper Halifax Chronicle Herald, and over the next six years, nearly 70 of his ___5__ were
published.”可知，父亲向当地报纸投稿，并发表了许多文章，说明他决定记录自己的经历。故选B。
【5 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他向当地报纸《哈利法克斯纪事先驱报》提出了这个想法，在接下来的六年里，
他的近70 篇文章被发表。A. novels 小说；B. anecdotes 轶事；C. columns 专栏文章；D. fairies 精灵。根据
下文“Writing the columns gave him a renewed __6__ of purpose.”可知，父亲写的是专栏文章。故选C。
【6 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：写专栏文章让他重新找到了目标感。A. sense 感觉；B. awareness 意识；C.
meaning 意义；D. direction 方向。根据语境可知，写专栏文章让父亲重新找到了目标感，即他有了新的追
求和动力，a sense of...意为“一种……感”。故选A。
【7 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一篇专栏文章中，父亲写道，他记得与加拿大前总理约翰·迪芬贝克共进晚餐
的所有细节，但却不记得他最喜欢的餐厅的名字。A. practices 练习；B. rituals 仪式；C. chores 家务活；D.
details 细节。根据下文“but not the name of his favorite restaurant”可知，父亲记得与加拿大前总理共进
晚餐的所有细节，但却不记得餐厅的名字，说明他记得的是具体的事情或细节。故选D。
【8 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：无数朋友、熟人和陌生人都欣赏他的文章。A. criticized 批评；B. evaluated 评
估；C. appreciated 欣赏；D. prioritized 优先考虑。根据下文“People on the street came up to him,
thanked him and shared their own stories.”可知，人们在街上遇到父亲，会感谢他并分享自己的故事，说
明人们欣赏他的文章。故选C。
【9 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这揭示了痴呆症是如何广泛地影响人们的生活的。A. negatively 消极地；B.
positively 积极地；C. widely 广泛地；D. partially 部分地。根据上文“What surprised him and us most
was the attention the columns attracted.”以及下文“Everyone seemed to have a story about a loved one
dealing with it.”可知，每个人似乎都有亲人受此病困扰的故事，说明影响是广泛的。故选C 项。
【10 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：人们在阅读他的旅程时找到了安慰，这些专栏文章有助于将这种疾病公之于众。
A. take out 取出；B. bring out 使显现，使表现出；C. make out 理解，辨认出；D. put out 熄灭。根据上
文“People found comfort in reading about his journey”可知，父亲通过写专栏文章分享自己的经历，让
人们更加了解痴呆症，从而有助于将疾病的问题暴露于公众面前。故选B。
【11 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着病情的发展，父亲从未把自己看得太重。A. progressed 发展；B.
transmitted 传输；C. improved 改善；D. disappeared 消失。根据下文“Dad’s condition declined”可知，
父亲的病情恶化了，即随着病情的发展。故选A。
【12 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他一直是个爱读书的人，所以妈妈跟他开玩笑说，他只需要两本书：读一本，
忘了它，读第二本，第一本又会觉得新鲜了！A. talked 谈话；B. explained 解释；C. joked 开玩笑；D.
whispered 低语。根据下文“he only needed two books: read one, forget it, read the second, and the first
would feel new again!”可知，妈妈说的话是一种玩笑，用来安慰患有痴呆症的父亲。故选C。
【13 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：幽默、积极的态度和社交活动有助于延缓最严重的症状，但父亲的病情还是恶
化了，他需要不断的照顾。A. marks 标记；B. signs 迹象；C. symptoms 症状；D. traces 痕迹。根据下文
“but Dad’s condition declined”可知，这里指的是痴呆症的症状，即病情恶化所表现出来的症状。故选
C。
【14 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：幽默、积极的态度和社交活动有助于延缓最严重的症状，但父亲的病情还是恶
化了，他需要不断的照顾。A. interruption 中断；B. supervision 照顾；C. consideration 考虑；D. protection
保护。根据上文“Dad’s condition declined”可知，父亲的病情恶化了，所以他需要不断的照顾。故选
B。
【15 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的情绪变得更加不可预测和情绪化，但他直到最后都保持着参与和吸引人
的状态。A. unbelievable 难以置信的；B. unsustainable 不可持续的；C. uncomfortable 不舒服的；D.
unpredictable 不可预测的。根据上文“Dad’s condition declined”可知，父亲的病情恶化了，情绪也变得
更加不可预测和情绪化。故选D。
（十六）
（2025·山东·二模）
“Good afternoon, everyone. I am excited to share my research on... my research on...” My knees were trembling. I
looked around the 1 hall and saw 50 pairs of eager eyes staring at me, 2 my next words.
Although I felt 3 and comfortable discussing my research with lab mates, my shy nature 4 me when I
faced a larger, unfamiliar audience. Despite my fear of public speaking, I decided to take action.
I 5 an open mic night at a local comedy club. I’d always admired the confidence of stand-up comedians,
and I thought the relaxed 6 would be more forgiving. My jokes didn’t get thunderous applause, but to my 7
, I enjoyed being on stage. I even asked a famous comic for advice, and she told me, “Just practice more.”
So I began to rehearse my research presentation 8 — alone. with colleagues, and even with unsuspecting
visitors. Every audience 9 . I drilled every pause and hand gesture. Initially, it felt
1 0
and
awkward. But with each try, my
1 1
became smoother and more natural. Slowly but surely, the words
started
1 2
on their own.
By the time of my next presentation, the improvement was obvious—my confidence and presentation skills had
improved dramatically. This time, my presentation concluded with
1 3
instead of awkward silence.
Now I share my research with confidence. But I’ll always be grateful for that early
1 4
— when I failed to convey
my findings despite months of painstaking research. That experience taught me that generating data is only part of
doing science. Effective
1 5
is just as important.
1．A．entrance
B．waiting
C．dining
D．lecture
2．A．perceiving
B．anticipating
C．questioning
D．guessing
3．A．confident
B．awkward
C．hopeful
D．painful
4．A．emptied
B．silenced
C．represented
D．transformed
5．A．signed up for
B．dropped out of
C．missed out on
D．looked forward to
6．A．relationship
B．performance
C．convention
D．atmosphere
7．A．confusion
B．regret
C．surprise
D．amusement
8．A．limitlessly
B．eagerly
C．tirelessly
D．regularly
9．A．tipped
B．counted
C．suffered
D．responded
10．A．appreciated
B．trusted
C．occupied
D．forced
11．A．delivery
B．research
C．journey
D．life
12．A．improving
B．polishing
C．flowing
D．slipping
13．A．complaint
B．expectation
C．preference
D．applause
14．A．struggle
B．expectation
C．decision
D．attempt
15．A．demand
B．communication
C．operation
D．resolution
【答案】
1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．D 11．A
12．C 13．D 14．A 15．B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者克服公开演讲恐惧，通过不断练习提升演讲技能，最终
自信分享研究成果的经历。
【1 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我环顾了一下演讲厅，看到50 双热切的眼睛盯着我，期待着我的下一句话。A.
entrance 入口；B. waiting 等候室；C. dining 餐厅；D. lecture 演讲。根据后文“hall and saw 50 pairs of
eager eyes staring at me”可知，作者身处演讲厅，面对50 双热切的眼睛。故选D。
【2 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我环顾了一下演讲厅，看到50 双热切的眼睛盯着我，期待着我的下一句话。A.
perceiving 感知；B. anticipating 期待；C. questioning 质疑；D. guessing 猜测。根据前文“50 pairs of
eager eyes staring at me”可知，听众们热切地期待着作者的下一句话。故选B。
【3 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然和实验室的伙伴讨论我的研究时，我感到自信和舒适，但当我面对更大、
更陌生的观众时，我内向的性格让我沉默了。A. confident 自信的；B. awkward 尴尬的；C. hopeful 有希望
的；D. painful 痛苦的。根据后文“comfortable discussing my research with lab mates”可知，作者和实验
室伙伴讨论研究时感到自信和舒适。故选A。
【4 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然和实验室的伙伴讨论我的研究时，我感到自信和舒适，但当我面对更大、
更陌生的观众时，我内向的性格让我沉默了。A. emptied 倒空；B. silenced 使沉默；C. represented 代表；
D. transformed 转变。根据前文“my shy nature”和后文“when I faced a larger, unfamiliar audience”可
知，作者内向的性格在面对更大、更陌生的观众时让他沉默了。故选B。
【5 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我报名参加了当地一家喜剧俱乐部的开放麦之夜。A. signed up for 报名参加
B. dropped out of 退出；C. missed out on 错过；D. looked forward to 期待。根据后文“I’d always
admired the confidence of stand-up comedians”可知，作者报名参加了开放麦之夜活动来锻炼自己在大众
面前讲话的能力。故选A。
【6 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直很欣赏单口喜剧演员的自信，我想轻松的氛围会更宽容。A. relationship
关系；B. performance 表演；C. convention 惯例；D. atmosphere 氛围。根据前文“I thought the relaxed”
可知，作者认为轻松的氛围会更宽容。故选D。
【7 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的笑话没有得到雷鸣般的掌声，但令我惊讶的是，我喜欢站在舞台上的感觉。
A. confusion 困惑；B. regret 后悔；C. surprise 惊讶；D. amusement 娱乐。根据后文“I enjoyed being on
stage”可知，作者原本以为自己可能不喜欢站在舞台上，结果却喜欢上了，所以感到惊讶。故选C。
【8 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以我开始不知疲倦地排练我的研究报告——独自一人，和同事一起，甚至和
毫无防备的访客一起。A. limitlessly 无限地；B. eagerly 渴望地；C. tirelessly 不知疲倦地；D. regularly 定
期地。根据后文“— alone, with colleagues, and even with unsuspecting visitors.”可知，作者排练的方式
多样且投入，所以是不知疲倦地排练。故选C。
【9 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一位听众都很重要。A. tipped 给小费；B. counted 重要；C. suffered 遭受；
D. responded 回应。根据前文“So I began to rehearse my research presentation ____8____ — alone.
with colleagues, and even with unsuspecting visitors.”可知，作者不断地排练，因为她觉得每一次面对听众
的机会都很重要。故选B。
【10 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初，我感觉很不自然，很尴尬。A. appreciated 受欢迎的；B. trusted 可信的
C. occupied 忙于……的；D. forced 不自然的。根据后文“and awkward”可知，这里表示一开始排练时的
感觉是不自然。故选D。
【11 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但每一次尝试，我的表达都变得更加流畅和自然。A. delivery 表达；B.
research 研究；C. journey 旅程；D. life 生活。根据前文“ So I began to rehearse my research
presentation”可知，作者在排练研究报告，所以此处指他的表达变得更加流畅和自然。故选A。
【12 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，但肯定的是，文字开始自然而然地流淌出来。A. improving 提高；B.
polishing 打磨；C. flowing 流淌；D. slipping 滑倒。根据前文“became smoother and more natural”可知，
文字开始自然而然地流淌出来。故选C。
【13 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一次，我的演讲以掌声而不是尴尬的沉默结束。A. complaint 抱怨；B.
expectation 期待；C. preference 偏爱；D. applause 掌声。根据前文“the improvement was obvious-my
confidence and presentation skills had improved dramatically”可知，作者的演讲技能提高了，所以演讲以
掌声而不是尴尬的沉默结束。故选D。
【14 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我将永远感激那段早期的挣扎——尽管我经过了数月的艰苦研究，却仍未能
传达我的发现。A. struggle 挣扎；B. expectation 期待；C. decision 决定；D. attempt 尝试。根据前文“when
I failed to convey my findings despite months of painstaking research”可知，这是作者早期经历的一段挣
扎时期。故选A。
【15 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有效的沟通同样重要。A. demand 要求；B. communication 沟通；C. operation
操作；D. resolution 决心。根据前文“That experience taught me that generating data is only part of
doing science.”可知，作者通过这次经历学到了生成数据只是科学研究的一部分，有效的沟通同样重要。
故选B。
（十七）
（2025·浙江金华·二模）
My late mother was a famous artist in the Pacific Northwest. Over her many-decade career, her paintings kept
changing. One
1
in her work, however, was excellent technique: If she 2 to paint a naked guy
holding a guitar, that’s
3
what it looked like.
Growing up, I could draw a little myself, but I never had her
4
. Once, I asked her how I could improve. I
5
her to say something like “Practice 10, 000 hours. ” Instead, she told me to
6 what I wanted to draw. This
7
me because that’s obviously what I thought I had been doing.
“People almost never actually look carefully at anything,” she
8
, “They glance (瞥) at it and then rely on
their brain to fill in the
9
—which it doesn’t, leading to
10
drawing.” So I tried, looking long and
hard at what I wanted to draw: a tree. I found I
11
much more about its shape, colors, and shadows. I
12
each detail carefully, and it turned out to be a pretty well-drawn tree.
More than that, I loved the experience of really
13
. What my mom was telling me to do was fully enjoy
the encounter of seeing something
14
and drawing it carefully. And it can be
15
to many areas of life
in ways that help us become better at living.
1．A．favorite
B．constant
C．potential
D．alternative
2．A．preferred
B．pretended
C．decided
D．struggled
3．A．exactly
B．probably
C．naturally
D．strangely
4．A．skill
B．permission
C．patience
D．fame
5．A．urged
B．reminded
C．encouraged
D．expected
6．A．determine
B．picture
C．observe
D．introduce
7．A．delighted
B．relieved
C．angered
D．confused
8．A．apologized
B．explained
C．announced
D．repeated
9．A．colors
B．details
C．outline
D．pattern
10．A．awkward
B．abstract
C．original
D．attractive
11．A．accepted
B．doubted
C．mentioned
D．noticed
12．A．analyzed
B．remembered
C．described
D．drew
13．A．thinking
B．sharing
C．looking
D．improving
14．A．deeply
B．frequently
C．directly
D．differently
15．A．exposed
B．compared
C．applied
D．limited
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．B 10．A 11．D
12．D 13．C 14．A 15．C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是作者通过母亲的绘画指导，学会如何细致观察世界并将其准确
呈现的心得体会。
【1 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，她作品中的一个不变之处是精湛的技艺：如果她决定画一个拿着吉他
的裸体男子，那画出来的就确确实实是那个样子。A. favorite 最喜欢的；B. constant 持续的；C. potential 潜
在的；D. alternative 替代的。根据上文“Over her many-decade career, her paintings kept changing.”可知，
作者母亲的画作一直在变，再结合“however”表示转折，这里说的是她作品中一个不变的东西是高超的
技巧。故选B。
【2 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，她作品中的一个不变之处是精湛的技艺：如果她决定画一个拿着吉他的
裸体男子，那画出来的就确确实实是那个样子。A. preferred 更喜欢；B. pretended 假装；C. decided 决定；
D. struggled 挣扎、努力。根据空后“to paint a naked guy holding a guitar”可知，空处指的是如果她决
定画一个拿着吉他的裸体男人。故选C。
【3 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，她作品中的一个不变之处是精湛的技艺：如果她决定画一个拿着吉他的
裸体男子，那画出来的就确确实实是那个样子。A. exactly 确切地；B. probably 可能；C. naturally 自然地；
D. strangely 奇怪地。根据上文“One ___1___ in her work, however, was excellent technique”可知，
作者的母亲画画技巧高超。由此可知，如果她决定画什么，画出来就确实是那个样子。故选A。
【4 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在成长过程中，我自己也会一点绘画，但我从没有她那样的技艺。A. skill 技能；
B. permission 许可；C. patience 耐心；D. fame 名声。根据上文“One ___1___ in her work, however, was
excellent technique”可知，作者的母亲画画技巧高超。再根据下文“Once, I asked her how I could
improve.”可推测，作者没有母亲那样高超的画画技艺。故选A。
【5 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我原以为她会说像“练习一万小时”之类的话。A. urged 催促；B. reminded 提
醒；C. encouraged 鼓励；D. expected 期待。根据下文“Instead, she told me to ___6___ what I wanted to
draw.”中的“instead”可推测，作者本以为母亲会说像“练习一万小时”之类的话。故选D。
【6 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，她告诉我要观察我想画的东西。A. determine 决定；B. picture 描绘；C.
observe 观察、庆祝；D. introduce 介绍。根据下文“ People almost never actually look carefully at
anything”可知，作者的母亲让作者去观察自己想画的东西。故选C。
【7 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让我很困惑，因为我原以为自己一直就是这么做的。A. delighted 使高兴；B.
relieved 安慰；C. angered 使生气；D. confused 使困惑。根据下文“because that’s obviously what I
thought I had been doing”可知，作者原以为自己一直就是这么做的，所以听到母亲的建议后感到很困惑。
故选D。
【8 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“人们几乎从来没有真正仔细地观察过任何东西，”她解释道，“他们只是瞥
一眼，然后就靠大脑去填补细节——但大脑并不会（准确地填补），这就导致了画得很别扭。” A.
apologized 道歉；B. explained 解释；C. announced 宣布；D. repeated 重复。根据上文“People almost never
actually look carefully at anything”可知，作者的母亲在解释为什么让作者去观察。故选B。
【9 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“人们几乎从来没有真正仔细地观察过任何东西，”她解释道，“他们只是瞥
一眼，然后就靠大脑去填补细节——但大脑并不会（准确地填补），这就导致了画得很别扭。” A. colors
颜色；B. details 细节；C. outline 轮廓；D. pattern 模式、图案。根据上文“People almost never actually
look carefully at anything”可知，作者的母亲认为人们不仔细看东西；再根据下文“I ___12___ each
detail carefully, and it turned out to be a pretty well-drawn tree.”中的“detail”可知，作者的母亲认为人
们是依靠大脑去填补细节。故选B。
【10 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“人们几乎从来没有真正仔细地观察过任何东西，”她解释道，“他们只是
瞥一眼，然后就靠大脑去填补细节——但大脑并不会（准确地填补），这就导致了画得很糟糕。” A.
awkward 尴尬的、糟糕的；B. abstract 抽象的；C. original 原始的、原创的；D. attractive 有吸引力的。根据
上文“They glance (瞥) at it and then rely on their brain to fill in the ___9___ —which it doesn’t”
可知，因为人们不仔细看，依靠大脑填补细节但又做不到，所以导致画得糟糕。故选A。
【11 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现我注意到了它的形状、颜色和阴影的更多细节。A. accepted 接受；B.
doubted 怀疑；C. mentioned 提及；D. noticed 注意到。根据上文“So I tried, looking long and hard at
what I wanted to draw: a tree.”可知，作者试着长时间努力观察想画的树，所以作者应该是注意到了关于
它的形状、颜色和阴影的更多东西。故选D。
【12 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我仔细地画出每一个细节，结果这棵树画得相当不错。A. analyzed 分析；B.
remembered 记得；C. described 描述；D. drew 画。根据上文“So I tried, looking long and hard at what I
wanted to draw: a tree.”可知，作者想要画棵树，由此可知，当作者注意到了树的形状、颜色和阴影的更
多细节后，就将这些细节画出来了。故选D。
【13 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，我喜欢这种真正去观察的体验。A. thinking 思考；B. sharing 分享
C. looking 看；D. improving 提高、改进。根据上文“Instead, she told me to ___6___ what I wanted to
draw.”可知，作者的母亲建议作者仔细看自己想要画的东西。由此可知，这是一种真正的看的体验。故选
C。
【14 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈让我做的是充分享受深度观察某物并仔细将它画下来的过程。A. deeply
深深地、深刻地；B. frequently 频繁地；C. directly 直接地；D. differently 不同地。根据前文说要仔细观察，
所以母亲告诉作者要充分享受深刻看事物并仔细画下来的过程。故选A。
【15 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：而且这种方法可以应用到生活的许多领域，帮助我们更好地生活。A. exposed
暴露；B. compared 比较；C. applied 申请、应用；D. limited 限制。根据空后“to many areas of life in
ways that help us become better at living”可知这种方法可以应用 到生活的许多方面。故选C。
（十八）
（2025·河南·二模）
The 2024 Paris Olympics delivered unforgettable moments of triumph, perseverance, and sportsmanship. One story
is that of Hunter Woodhall, a Paralympic runner whose journey is the
1
to determination and self-belief.
Woodhall’s story
2
with a life-changing decision by his parents when he was born with a condition preventing
bone formation in his legs. They
3
to remove both legs below the knee. With
4
legs, Woodhall
competed in many sports events. Ultimately, he
5 his calling on the track.
In his youth, Woodhall competed in various local and national
6
, winning the Utah state high school
championship in the 400 meters with a(n)
7
time of 47.64 seconds. His success led him to compete against
able-bodied athletes in college and then
8
in the Paralympics. His father attributes Woodhall’s drive to his
own inner
9 , and Woodhall pushed himself to excel.
Since 2015, Woodhall has competed in the World Championships, winning medals and
10
along the way. It
was on the track that he met his future
11
, Olympic Gold Medalist Tara Davis. Their love story became the
most heart-warming moments of the 2024 Olympics. After a race, Woodhall’s embrace with Davis
12
hearts
around the world, as he whispered to her, “I knew we could do it.”
Woodhall’s journey is a powerful
13
that with determination and perseverance, anything is achievable.
Woodhall’s
14
is not just defined by his medals, but by the lives he touched along the way. His story reminds us
greatness isn’t 15
by circumstances, but by the courage to rise above them.
1．A．barrier
B．clue
C．access
D．evidence
2．A．began
B．expanded
C．transformed
D．reacted
3．A．forgot
B．chose
C．continued
D．promised
4．A．flexible
B．huge
C．artificial
D．strange
5．A．found
B．covered
C．tried
D．changed
6．A．celebrations
B．events
C．challenges
D．investments
7．A．scary
B．untrue
C．impressive
D．disappointing
8．A．independently
B．emotionally
C．internationally
D．humbly
9．A．confusion
B．explanation
C．foundation
D．motivation
10．A．recognition
B．foundation
C．advice
D．freedom
11．A．wife
B．coach
C．competitor
D．minister
12．A．froze
B．melted
C．opened
D．broke
13．A．joke
B．accident
C．criticism
D．reminder
14．A．weapon
B．influence
C．force
D．legend
15．A．sponsored
B．tackled
C．measured
D．quoted
【答案】
1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．C 9．D 10．A 11．A
12．B 13．D 14．D 15．C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了残奥会运动员Hunter Woodhall 的励志故事。
【1 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中一个故事是关于残奥会运动员Hunter Woodhall 的，他的经历是决心和自信
的证明。A. barrier 障碍；B. clue 线索；C. access 通道；D. evidence 证据。根据后文“with determination
and perseverance”以及对伍德霍尔的描述可知，他的经历是决心和自信的证明。故选D。
【2 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Woodhall 的故事始于他出生时父母做出的一个改变人生的决定，他出生时腿部
无法形成骨骼。A. began 开始；B. expanded 扩大；C. transformed 转变；D. reacted 反应。根据空后“with
a life-changing decision by his parents when he was born with a condition preventing bone formation in his
legs”可知，这里说他的故事开始于父母的一个决定。故选A。
【3 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们选择截掉他膝盖以下的双腿。A. forgot 忘记；B. chose 选择；C. continued
继续；D. promised 承诺。根据空后“when he was born with a condition preventing bone formation in
his legs”可知，因为Woodhall 的腿部有问题，所以父母选择为他截肢。故选B。
【4 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：装着假肢，Woodhall 参加了许多体育赛事。A. flexible 灵活的；B. huge 巨大
的；C. artificial 人造的；D. strange 奇怪的。根据前文“They ___3___ to remove both legs below the
knee.”可知，因为他截去了双腿，所以这里是说装上假肢后参加比赛。故选C。
【5 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，他在跑道上找到了自己的使命。A. found 找到；B. covered 覆盖；C.
tried 尝试；D. changed 改变。根据后文“His success led him to compete against able-bodied athletes in
college and then
8
in the Paralympics.”可知，Woodhall 在跑道上找到了自己的使命。故选A。
【6 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：年轻时，Woodhall 参加了各种地方和全国赛事，以47.64 秒的惊人成绩赢得了
犹他州高中400 米冠军。A. celebrations 庆祝活动；B. events 赛事；C. challenges 挑战；D. investments 投
资。根据后文“winning the Utah state high school championship”可知，Woodhall 参加各种赛事，并赢得
了比赛。故选B。
【7 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：年轻时，Woodhall 参加了各种地方和全国赛事，以47.64 秒的惊人成绩赢得
了犹他州高中400 米冠军。A. scary 可怕的；B. untrue 不真实的；C. impressive 令人印象深刻的；D.
disappointing 令人失望的。根据后文“time of 47.64 seconds”可知，以47.64 秒的惊人成绩赢得了犹他州
高中400 米冠军，这个成绩很令人印象深刻。故选C。
【8 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的成功使他得以在大学与健全运动员竞争，然后参加国际残奥会。A.
independently 独立地；B. emotionally 情感上地；C. internationally 国际地；D. humbly 谦逊地。根据空后
“in the Paralympics”可知，残奥会是国际性的赛事，所以这里是在国际上参加比赛。故选C。
【9 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲将Woodhall 的动力归因于他自己内心的动机，Woodhall 也努力追求卓
越。A. confusion 困惑；B. explanation 解释；C. foundation 基础；D. motivation 动力。根据后文“Woodhall
pushed himself to excel”可知，父亲认为他的动力来自于内心的动力。故选D。
【10 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：自2015 年以来，Woodhall 参加了世界锦标赛，一路赢得奖牌和认可。A.
recognition 认可；B. foundation 基础；C. advice 建议；D. freedom 自由。根据前文“winning medals”可知
赢得奖牌后会获得大家的认可。故选A。
【11 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是在跑道上，他遇到了他未来的妻子，奥运会金牌得主Tara Davis。A. wife
妻子；B. coach 教练；C. competitor 竞争对手；D. minister 部长。根据后文“Their love story became the
most heart-warming moments of the 2024 Olympics.”可知，他们之间是爱情故事，所以遇到的是
Woodhall 未来的妻子。故选A。
【12 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：比赛结束后，Woodhall 与Davis 的拥抱融化了全世界的心，他轻声对她说：
“我就知道我们能做到。”A. froze 冻结；B. melted 融化；C. opened 打开；D. broke 打破。根据后文“as
he whispered to her, “I knew we could do it.””可知，他们的拥抱很感人，融化了全世界的心。故选B。
【13 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Woodhall 的旅程是一个有力的提醒，只要有决心和毅力，一切皆有可能。A.
joke 笑话；B. accident 事故；C. criticism 批评；D. reminder 提醒。根据空后“that with determination and
perseverance, anything is achievable”可知，Woodhall 的经历提醒着人们。故选D。
【14 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Woodhall 的传奇不仅仅由他的奖牌来定义，还由他在这过程中所触动的那些生
命来定义。A. weapon 武器；B. influence 影响；C. force 力量；D. legend 传奇。根据后文“but by the lives
he touched along the way”以及前文语境可知，Woodhall 的经历很传奇，这里说他的传奇不仅仅由奖牌定
义。故选D。
【15 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的故事提醒我们，伟大不是由环境决定的，而是由超越环境的勇气决定的。
A. sponsored 赞助；B. tackled 处理；C. measured 衡量；D. quoted 引用。根据空后“by circumstances, but
by the courage to rise above them”可知，这里说伟大不是由环境衡量的。故选C。
（十九）
（2025·甘肃白银·二模）
The first time I saw the word “retarded” used to describe my son, we were in the neurologist’s office and Jeffrey was
seven months old. Until then, I had 1 that Jeffrey’s turned-in eyes were a minor issue, and that his lack of muscle
control was 2 .
Still, I remember 3 that prognosis (预断), thinking the doctor couldn’t possibly know the outcome with a
baby so 4 . I’ve learnt a lot since then and realize doctors 5 on statistics and averages and look
at symptoms, never getting sidetracked by 6 thinking or hope.
But the word “retarded” 7 me. I hadn’t heard it used to refer to a person’s mental capabilities before and
always regarded it as a(n) 8 . Later, as Jeffrey reached elementary school age, we discovered the term
“mental impairment” had 9 “retarded” in the special education system. 10 it became t
unfashionable, too and less harsh sounding definitions emerged. With MOCI for Moderately Cognitively Impaired
and MCI for Mildly Cognitively Impaired, the schools were 11 to be more precise and less frightening.
Over the years, I’ve also happily noticed parents try not to talk of their children with disabilities by describing their
12 . That’s because words matter.
Does intelligence 13 my son’s worth? To me — my son — 14 , beautiful, kind, loving with a
capacity for appreciating beauty — he has a 15 . So, don’t call him a retard. Words matter.
1．A．assumed
B．appreciated
C．feared
D．confirmed
2．A．incurable
B．technical
C．temporary
D．unavoidable
3．A．adapting to
B．inquiring into
C．recovering from
D．laughing at
4．A．young
B．weak
C．promising
D．adorable
5．A．press
B．depend
C．pile
D．bear
6．A．original
B．analytic
C．wishful
D．unrealistic
7．A．attracted
B．shocked
C．escaped
D．promoted
8．A．abuse
B．option
C．compromise
D．compliment
9．A．involved
B．matched
C．simplified
D．replaced
10．A．Consequently B．Shortly
C．Unfortunately
D．Automatically
11．A．forbidden
B．advertising
C．persuaded
D．attempting
12．A．limitations
B．discrimination
C．preferences
D．advancement
13．A．change
B．guarantee
C．indicate
D．cover
14．A．naturally-giftedB．all-rounded
C．warm-hearted
D．differently-abled
15．A．feature
B．soul
C．commitment
D．potential
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．D
12．A 13．C 14．D 15．B
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。叙述了自己作为有特殊需求孩子的家长，对孩子被诊断为智力障碍（最初被描述
为“retarded”）的经历和感受，以及随着时间推移，社会对这类孩子描述词汇的变化。
【1 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之前，我一直以为Jeffrey 的眼睛上翻只是个小问题，他的肌肉控制能力不
足只是暂时的。A. assumed 认为；B. appreciated 欣赏；C. feared 害怕；D. confirmed 确认。根据后文
“Jeffrey’s turned-in eyes were a minor issue”可知，此处应是作者认为Jeffrey 的眼睛上翻只是个小问题
故选A 项。
【2 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那之前，我一直以为Jeffrey 的眼睛上翻只是个小问题，他的肌肉控制能力
不足只是暂时的。A. incurable 无法治愈的；B. technical 技术的；C. temporary 暂时的；D. unavoidable 不
可避免的。根据前文“Jeffrey’s turned-in eyes were a minor issue”可知，作者并不认为Jeffrey 有什么大
问题，所以认为，他的肌肉控制能力不足只是暂时的。故选C 项。
【3 题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管如此，我记得当时听到这个预测还是笑了，觉得医生不可能知道这么小的
孩子会有什么结果。A. adapting to 适应；B. inquiring into 调查；C. recovering from 恢复；D. laughing at 嘲
笑。根据后文“thinking the doctor couldn’t possibly know the outcome”可知，作者觉得医生不可能知
道这么小的孩子会有什么结果，所以觉得是好笑的。故选D 项。
【4 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我记得当时听到这个预测还是笑了，觉得医生不可能知道这么小
的孩子会有什么结果。A. young 年轻的；B. weak 虚弱的；C. promising 有前途的；D. adorable 可爱的。根
据前文的“Jeffrey was seven months old”可知，Jeffrey 非常小。故选A 项。
【5 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我学到了很多，认识到医生依靠统计数据和平均水平，看症状，从
不被一厢情愿的想法或希望所蒙蔽。A. press 按压；B. depend 依赖；C. pile 堆积；D. bear 承受。根据后文
“statistics and averages and look at symptoms”可知，医生依靠统计数据和平均水平，看症状。故选B 项
【6 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我学到了很多，认识到医生依靠统计数据和平均水平，看症状，
从不被一厢情愿的想法或希望所蒙蔽。A. original 原始的；B. analytic 分析的；C. wishful 一厢情愿的；D.
unrealistic 不切实际的。根据前文“doctors 5 on statistics and averages and look at
symptoms”可知，医生依靠统计数据和平均水平，看症状，从不被自己一厢情愿的想法或希望所蒙蔽。故
选C 项。
【7 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但“弱智”这个词让我震惊。A. attracted 吸引；B. shocked 震惊；C. escaped
逃脱；D. promoted 促进。根据前文“The first time I saw the word “retarded” used to describe my
son”可知，得知自己儿子是“智障”，应是让作者震惊。故选B 项。
【8 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以前从未听说过这个词用来指一个人的心智能力，一直认为这是一种滥用。
A. abuse 滥用；B. option 选择；C. compromise 妥协；D. compliment 赞美。根据前文“I hadn’t heard it
used to refer to a person’s mental capabilities before”可知，作者以前从未听说过这个词用来指一个人的
心智能力，所以认为这是一种滥用。故选A 项。
【9 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，Jeffrey 到了上小学的年龄，我们发现在特殊教育体系中，“智力障碍”
一词取代了“智障”一词。A. involved 涉及；B. matched 匹配；C. simplified 简化；D. replaced 替代。根
据后文“it became t unfashionable”可知，“智力障碍”一词也变的不流行了，所以此处应是“智力障
碍”一词取代了“智障”一词。故选D 项。
【10 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不久，它也变得不流行了，出现了一些听起来不那么刺耳的定义。A.
Consequently 因此；B. Shortly 不久；C. Unfortunately 不幸地；D. Automatically 自动地。根据后文“it
became t unfashionable, too and less harsh sounding definitions emerged.”结合选项可知，应是“不久，
它也变得不流行了”符合语境。故选B 项。
【11 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于中度认知障碍的MOCI 和轻度认知障碍的MCI，学校试图更加精确和不那
么可怕。A. forbidden 禁止；B. advertising 广告；C. persuaded 说服；D. attempting 尝试。根据前文“With
MOCI for Moderately Cognitively Impaired and MCI for Mildly Cognitively Impaired”可知，学校使用了
一些听起来不那么刺耳且更细化的定义，应是学校试图更加精确和不那么可怕。故选D 项。
【12 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年来，我也很高兴地注意到，父母们尽量不通过描述他们的局限性来谈论他
们的残疾孩子。A. limitations 限制；B. discrimination 歧视；C. preferences 偏好；D. advancement 进步。根
据前文“their children with disabilities”可知，残疾孩子是有局限性的。故选A 项。
【13 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：智力能体现我儿子的价值吗？A. change 改变；B. guarantee 保证；C. indicate
表明；D. cover 覆盖。根据后文“beautiful, kind, loving with a capacity for appreciating beauty”可知，
作者认为儿子是美丽的、善良的、有爱心的、能欣赏美的人，所以智力并不能体现儿子的价值。故选C 项。
【14 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，我的儿子——与众不同，漂亮，善良，有爱心，有欣赏美的能力
——他有灵魂。A. naturally-gifted 天生有才华的；B. all-rounded 全面的；C. warm-hearted 热心的；D.
differently-abled 有不同能力的。结合语境，再根据上文“Does intelligence indicate my son’s worth?”以
及后文“beautiful, kind, loving with a capacity for appreciating beauty”可推知，此处指作者不认为儿子有
缺陷，而是认为儿子有不同与他人的能力，空处列举出了作者认为儿子拥有的能力：漂亮，善良，有爱心，
有欣赏美的能力。故选D 项。
【15 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，我的儿子——与众不同，漂亮，善良，有爱心，有欣赏美的能力
——他有灵魂。A. feature 特征；B. soul 灵魂；C. commitment 承诺；D. potential 潜力。根据前文
“beautiful, kind, loving with a capacity for appreciating beauty”可知，只有有灵魂的人才有欣赏美的能力
故选B 项。
（二十）
（2025·江西宜春·二模）
In the village of Cinque Terre, Italy, 16-year-old Luca spent his days repairing fishing nets with his father, his hands
moving
1
while his mind wandered to the colorful mosaics (马赛克艺术) that decorated the town’s
ancient
2
. Luca dreamed of creating art that told stories, but his father’s words echoed (回响) in his ears:
“ 3 don’t fill empty stomachs, Luca. We are fishermen, not artists.”
One morning, a famous mosaic artist named Sofia arrived in the village. She was there to
4
the church’s
aging mosaics, and her presence
5
a long-buried passion deep within Luca. Gathering his
6
,
Lucas approached her with a sketchbook filled with his
7
— waves, boats, and the faces of villagers. Sofia studied
them closely, her eyes widening with
8
. “You have a rare talent,” she said. “But talent alone isn’t enough.
If you are willing to work hard and learn, I’ll teach you.”
Torn between duty and passion, Luca made a
9
choice. He rose before dawn to work on mosaics, while
afternoons were spent dragging
10
with his father. Sofia taught him not just
11
but also
how to see the world through an artist’s eyes. Gradually, Luca’s art began to
12
his life — waves of
blue and gold mixed with the tough and worn look of fisher men’s hands.
When the village hosted its annual art festival, Luca
13
his masterpiece: a mosaic of the sea, alive with light
and shadow. It won the top prize, and as the crowd cheered, his father’s serious face
14
. “Perhaps
dreams do have a
15
,” he admitted, placing a hand on Luca’s shoulder.
1．A．aimlessly
B．carefully
C．mechanically
D．gracefully
2．A．church
B．market
C．school
D．square
3．A．Jobs
B．Plans
C．Dreams
D．Stories
4．A．damage
B．restore
C．create
D．tackle
5．A．shook
B．betrayed
C．comforted
D．awoke
6．A．courage
B．wits
C．patience
D．confidence
7．A．designs
B．drawings
C．awards
D．talents
8．A．anxiety
B．surprise
C．disappointment
D．strength
9．A．contradictory
B．quick
C．daring
D．reliable
10．A．feet
B．tools
C．mosaics
D．nets
11．A．sculpture
B．technique
C．balance
D．responsibility
12．A．copy
B．repeat
C．pursue
D．mirror
13．A．displayed
B．claimed
C．sold
D．published
14．A．tightened
B．darkened
C．softened
D．clouded
15．A．prize
B．purpose
C．reason
D．place
【答案】
1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．D 11．B
12．D 13．A 14．C 15．D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在意大利Cinque Terre 村庄中，16 岁的Luca 如何在追求艺术
梦想与家庭责任之间做出选择，并最终通过努力获得认可的故事。
【1 题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在意大利的Cinque Terre 村庄，16 岁的Luca 每天都和父亲一起修补渔网，他的
双手机械地动着，而思绪却飘到了装饰着小镇古老教堂的五彩斑斓的马赛克艺术上。A. aimlessly 无目的地
B. carefully 仔细地；C. mechanically 机械地；D. gracefully 优雅地。根据下文“while his mind wandered to
the colorful mosaics(马赛克艺术)that decorated the town’s ancient ____2____ .”可知，Luca 的思绪飘
到了装饰着小镇古老教堂的五彩斑斓的马赛克艺术上。由此可知，他心不在焉，手是机械地在动。故选
C。
【2 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在意大利的Cinque Terre 村庄，16 岁的Luca 每天都和父亲一起修补渔网，他的
双手机械地动着，而思绪却飘到了装饰着小镇古老教堂的五彩斑斓的马赛克艺术上。A. church 教堂；B.
market 市场；C. school 学校；D. square 广场。根据下文“She was there to ____4____ the church’s
aging mosaics, and her presence ____5____ a long-buried passion deep within Luca.”可知，彩色马赛
克装饰的是小镇古老的教堂。故选A。
【3 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Luca 梦想着创作出能讲述故事的艺术作品，但父亲的话在他耳边回响：“梦想
填不饱肚子，Luca。A. Jobs 工作；B. Plans 计划；C. Dreams 梦想；D. Stories 故事。根据上文“Luca
dreamed of creating art that told stories”可知，父亲说的是梦想不能填饱肚子，强调了梦想和现实的冲突。
故选C。
【4 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她是来修复教堂里陈旧的马赛克的，而她的到来唤醒了Luca 内心深处被长久埋
藏的热情。A. damage 损害；B. restore 恢复；C. create 创造；D. tackle 处理、解决。根据空后“the
church’s aging mosaics”可推测，Sofia 是来修复教堂里陈旧的马赛克。故选B。
【5 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她是来修复教堂里陈旧的马赛克的，而她的到来唤醒了Luca 内心深处被长久埋
藏的热情。A. shook 摇动；B. betrayed 背叛；C. comforted 安慰；D. awoke 唤醒。根据上文“Luca dreamed
of creating art that told stories, but his father’s words echoed (回响) in his ears: “ ____3____ don’t fill
empty stomachs, Luca. We are fishermen, not artists.””可知，Luca 的父亲让作者不要做白日梦，所以他
放弃了成为艺术家的梦想。再根据下文“ Lucas approached her with a sketchbook filled with his
____7____”可知，Sofia 的到来唤醒了Luca 内心深处被长久埋藏的热情。故选D。
【6 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Luca 鼓起勇气，拿着一本装满他画作的素描本走向她——画作中有海浪、船只
和村民们的面孔。A. courage 勇气；B. wits 智慧、才智；C. patience 耐心；D. confidence 信心。根据上文
“We are fishermen, not artists.”可知，由于父亲的影响，Luca 已经不再梦想成为艺术家。由此可推测，
现在要去接近Sofia，他应该是鼓起了勇气。故选A。
【7 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. designs 设计；B. drawings 画图、绘图；C. awards 奖项；D. talents 才能
根据空后“waves, boats, and the faces of villagers.”以及常理可知，素描本里装的是他的画作。故选B。
【8 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sofia 仔细地研究着这些画作，惊讶得睁大了眼睛。A. anxiety 焦虑；B.
surprise 惊讶；C. disappointment 失望；D. strength 力量。根据下文““You have a rare talent,” she
said.”可知，Sofia 觉得Luca 很有天赋，由此可知，Sofia 看到了他的画后眼睛睁大，非常惊讶。故选B。
【9 题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Luca 陷入了责任与激情的两难境地，但他还是做出了一个大胆的选择。A.
contradictory 矛盾的；B. quick 快速的；C. daring 大胆的；D. reliable 可靠的。根据下文“He rose before
dawn to work on mosaics, while afternoons were spent dragging ____10____ with his father.”可知，
Luca 在责任（当渔民）和激情（成为艺术家）之间做出了一个大胆的选择，他既要学马赛克艺术又要当渔
民。故选C。
【10 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他天还没亮就起床创作马赛克作品，而下午则和父亲一起拖着渔网。A. feet 脚；
B. tools 工具；C. mosaics 马赛克；D. nets 网。根据上文“In the village of Cinque Terre, Italy, 16-year-
old Luca spent his days repairing fishing nets with his father”可推测，下午他和父亲一起拖渔网，也就
是他和父亲一起做渔民的工作。故选D。
【11 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sofia 不仅教他技巧，还教他如何以艺术家的眼光去看待世界。A. sculpture 雕塑
B. technique 技术；C. balance 平衡；D. responsibility 责任。根据上文“If you are willing to work hard and
learn, I’ll teach you.”可推测，Sofia 会教他绘画技巧。故选B。
【12 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，Luca 的艺术开始反映他的生活——蓝色和金色的波浪与渔民们粗糙且
饱经风霜的手交织在一起。A. copy 复制；B. repeat 重复；C. pursue 追求；D. mirror 反映。根据下文
“waves of blue and gold mixed with the tough and worn look of fisher men’s hands.”可知，Luca 的
艺术作品开始反映自己的生活。故选D。
【13 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当村庄举办一年一度的艺术节时，Luca 展示了他的杰作：一幅充满光影变幻的
海洋马赛克作品。A. displayed 展示；B. claimed 声称；C. sold 出售；D. published 出版。根据上文“When
the village hosted its annual art festival”以及常理可知，Luca 在艺术节上展示了自己的作品。故选A。
【14 题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这幅作品获得了一等奖，当人群欢呼时，他父亲严肃的神情缓和了下来。A.
tightened 加紧；B. darkened 变暗；C. softened 变软；D. clouded 使模糊、遮蔽。根据上文“It won the top
prize, and as the crowd cheered”以及常理可知，看到自己孩子的作品得到了人们的认可，作为父亲，自
然也感到高兴。同时，也暗示了Luca 的父亲对于Luca 追求梦想的态度有了变化。故选C。
【15 题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“也许梦想确实有它的一席之地，”父亲承认道，同时把手搭在了Luca 的肩膀上。
A. prize 奖品；B. purpose 目的；C. reason 原因；D. place 地方。根据上文“It won the top prize, and as the
crowd cheered”以及父亲的脸色变得柔和可推测，Luca 的父亲也开始承认梦想有其存在的价值。故选D。
