专题06 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致
第一部分 动词的时态、语态
考点
五年考情（2021-2025）
命题趋势
考点1 考查动词时态语态用法，
且句中有明确的时间状语提示
（5 年12 考）
2025 全国一卷--- are revealed；
2025 北京卷---had made；
2025 北京卷--- are achieved；
2024 九省联考卷—were used；
2024 浙江1 月卷—have started；
2023 北京卷—has established；
2023 天津3 月卷—has caused；
2022 北京卷—has been；
2022 新课标I 卷—were；
2022 全国甲卷—has walked；
2021 北京卷—has increased；
2022 浙江1 月卷—has promised；
2021 全国甲卷—was built。
1.考查动词时态语态用法，
且句中有明确的时间状语提
示，尤其要掌握一般过去
时，现在完成时的时间状语
标志。
2.考查动词时态语态用法，
且有固定句型限制或暗示，
如It is the first time that…
等。
3.考查动词时态语态用法，
且需要考虑主从复合句时态
呼应。
4.考查动词时态语态用法，
且需要考虑语境整体时态。
5.考查情态动词在被动语态
用法，且注意情态动词后接
动词原形基本用法。
考点2 考查动词时态语态用法，
且有固定句型限制或暗示
（5 年3 考）
2022 新课标II 卷—was fixing；
2022 北京卷-caught；
2021 浙江卷--sold。
考点3 考查动词时态语态用法，
且需要考虑主从复合句时态呼应
（5 年9 考）
2024 新课标II 卷—were；
2024 新课标II 卷—was built
2024 全国甲卷—were;
2023 新课标II 卷—wished;
2023 全国乙卷--was amazed;
2023 北京卷—threw;
2023 北京卷—had arrived；
2023 天津3 月卷—will be bringing;
2023 天津6 月卷--is being
restored。
考点4 考查动词时态语态用法，
且需要考虑语境整体时态
（5 年9 考）
2025 浙江1 月卷---is；
2024 新课标I 卷—walks；
2022 浙江卷—noticed；
2022 北京卷—has；
2022 新课标I 卷—is designed；
2021 新课标II 卷—was；
2021 全国甲卷—hired；
2021 浙江1 月卷—is considered；
2021 浙江卷—was painted。
考点5 考查情态动词在被动语态
用法，且注意情态动词后接动词
原形基本用法
（5 年5 考）
2025 八省联考卷---be treated
2024 全国甲卷—should be done；
2024 浙江1 月卷—could be
offered；
2023 全国甲卷—can be employed；
2022 浙江卷—can be appreciated。
考点01 考查动词时态语态用法，且句中有明确的时间状语提示。
1. (2025 全国一卷）“The players’ personalities 60 (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are
exposed to the opponent,” she adds.
2.（2025 北京卷）Making choices is part of life. By the time you brushed your teeth, you 15 (make)
several decisions even without noticing.
3.（2025 北京卷）Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes 16
(achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance.
4. (2024 九省联考卷）Fountain pens __________ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity
lately because they are refillable.
5.（2024 浙江1 月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken or salad in
packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份).
6.（2023 北京卷）Up to now, China __________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.
7.（2023 天津3 月卷）Human impact on the animal kingdom, such as hunting and destruction of habitats,
___________a reduction in the population of certain species in the past three decades.
A．has caused
B．have caused
C．was causing
D．were causing
8.（2022 北京卷）The use of those plastics
(increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive
if this situation continues.
9.（2021 北京卷）There __________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past
20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
10.（2022 新课标I 卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be)
previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to
increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
11.（2022 全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in
2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain.
12.（2022 北京卷）The use of those plastics _________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive
if this situation continues.
13.（2022 浙江1 月卷）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics - many of
them climate scientists _________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
14.（2021 新课标I 卷）What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it
_________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
15.（2021 全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It
_________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
16.（2021 北京卷）There _________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past
20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
17. （2020 全国I 卷）The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese
moon goddess _________ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.
考点02 考查动词时态语态用法，且有固定句型限制或暗示。
18.（2022 新课标II 卷）Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric
hanging from the balcony.
19.（2022 北京卷）Eventually, the man _________ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her
wallet!
20.（2021 浙江卷）After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and _________
(sell) most of their furniture.
考点03 考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑主从复合句时态呼应。
21.（2024 新课标II 卷）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___58___ (be) also Shakespeare’s
concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo
and Juliet.”
22.（2024 新课标II 卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ___61___
(build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
23.（2024 全国甲卷）They 64 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five
awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
24.（2023 新课标II 卷）As a little girl, I _________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.
25.（2023 全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the co-
existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
26.（2023 北京卷）Soon after moving to Switzerland, I _________ (throw) a house-warming party and was
greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up exactly on time.
27.（2023 北京卷）Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to
find that no other guest _________ (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
28．（2023 天津3 月卷）Some restaurants are happy to provide a free cake if you let them know in advance that
you ________a group for a birthday party.
A．will be bringing
B．have brought
C．have been bringing
D．were bringing
29.（2023 天津6 月卷）The wooden tower that _________ will be open to tourists soon, and the work is almost
finished.
A．is being restored
B．is restored
C．is restoring
D．restores
考点04 考查动词时态语态用法，且需要考虑语境整体时态。
30.（2025 浙江1 月卷）The concept 62 (be) certainly not new – men have been renting good suits for
decades – but for female shoppers, it is just taking off.
31.（2024 新课标I 卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors
through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to
Britain for the first time.
32.（2022 浙江卷）When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he _________ (notice)her
smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said.
33.（2022 北京卷）Gas naturally
(have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so
that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger.
34. （2022 新课标I 卷）The GPNP _________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the
authenticity and integrity( 完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological
buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.
35.（2021 新课标II 卷）I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the
biggest companies I wrote to _________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris.
36.（2021 全国甲卷）We _________ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old
and shaky but did the job.
37.（2021 浙江1 月卷）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and
a BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy.
38.（2021 浙江卷）Mary’s niece wrote, "The little home _________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary
loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect
order.
39. （2020 北京卷）The Neanderthals_________ （live ）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of
thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago.
40.（2020 新课标）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, _________ (form) the core
collection of the British Museum that opened in 1759.
41.（2020 新课标）The parts of a museum open to the public _________ (call) galleries or rooms.
考点05 考查情态动词在被动语态用法，且注意情态动词后接动词原形
42.（2025 八省联考卷）Every language is worthy of respect and should 60 (treat) equally.
43.（2024 全国甲卷）What should 65 (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud.
44.（2024 浙江1 月卷）However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even
more if they could sometimes __________ (offer) in smaller packs.
45.（2023 全国甲卷）Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still
_________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
46.（2022 浙江卷）To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a
painting _________ (appreciate) by someone who’s blind?
47.（2020 全国III 卷）The artist was sure he would _________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece
to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed.
第二部分主谓一致
考点
五年考情（2021-2025）
命题趋势
考点1 考查语法一致
（谓语动词的单复数要与主语
单复数保持一致）
（5 年16 考）
2025 全国一卷---tries；
2025 全国二卷---is；
2024 新课标I 卷--walks;
2024 新课标II 卷--were;
2024 新课标II 卷—was built;
2024 全国甲卷--were;
2024 九省联考卷—were used;
2024 浙江1 月卷—have started;
2023 北京卷—has established;
2023 全国乙卷—was amazed;
2022 北京卷—has increased;
2022 新课标I 卷—were;
2022 全国甲卷—has walked;
2022 浙江1 月卷—is designed;
2022 新课标II 卷—was fixing;
2020 新课标—are called.
1. 考查语法一致（谓语动
词的单复数要与主语单复
数保持一致）用法。
2.考查意义一致（一些集
体名词需要根据其语境含
义确定谓语单复数形式）
用法。
3. 考查就近一致
（
either..or, neither…
nor…, not only…but
also….等）的用法。
考点2 考查意义一致
（一些集体名词需要根据其语
境含义确定谓语单复数形式）
（5 年0 考）
2017 江苏--was
考点3 考查就近一致
（either..or, neither…nor…, not
only…but also….等）
（5 年1 考）
2021 北京卷—has been;
2019 江苏卷—has given;
2019 天津卷—was given;
2017 天津卷—is regarded。
考点01 语法一致（谓语动词的单复数要与主语单复数保持一致）
1. (2025 全国二卷）And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine
scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 61 (be) one of them.
2. (2025 全国一卷）A decent winner always 61 (try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two
points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side.
3.（2024 新课标I 卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors
through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to
Britain for the first time.
4.（2024 新课标II 卷）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___58___ (be) also Shakespeare’s
concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo
and Juliet.”
5.（2024 新课标II 卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ___61___
(build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
6.（2024 全国甲卷）They 64 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five
awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
7. (2024 九省联考卷）Fountain pens __________ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity
lately because they are refillable.
8.（2024 浙江1 月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken or salad in
packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份).
9.（2023 北京卷）Up to now, China __________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.
10.（2023 全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the co-
existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
11.（2023 北京卷）Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to
find that no other guest _________ (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
12.（2022 北京卷）The use of those plastics
(increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive
if this situation continues.
13.（2022 新课标I 卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be)
previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to
increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
14.（2022 全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in
2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain.
15.（2022 北京卷）The use of those plastics _________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive
if this situation continues.
16.（2022 浙江1 月卷）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics - many of
them climate scientists _________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
17. （2022 新课标I 卷）The GPNP _________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the
authenticity and integrity( 完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological
buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.
18.（2022 北京卷）Gas naturally
(have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so
that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger.
19.（2021 新课标II 卷）I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the
biggest companies I wrote to _________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris.
20.（2021 浙江1 月卷）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and
a BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy.
21.（2021 浙江卷）Mary’s niece wrote, "The little home _________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary
loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect
order.
22.（2021 新课标I 卷）What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it
_________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
23.（2021 全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It
_________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
24.（2021 北京卷）There _________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past
20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
25.（2022 新课标II 卷）Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric
hanging from the balcony.
26．（2020 新课标）The parts of a museum open to the public _________ (call) galleries or rooms.
考点02 意义一致（一些集体名词需要根据其语境含义确定谓语单复数形式）
27. (2017 江苏)The publication of Great Expectations, which ___________(be) both widely reviewed and highly
praised, strengthened Dickens, status as a leading novelist.
考点03 就近一致（either..or, neither…nor…, not only…but also….等）
28.（2021 北京卷）There __________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past
20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
29. (2019 江苏) The musician along with his band members ______________(give) ten performances in the last
three months.
30. (2019 天津)Amy, as well as her brothers, _____________ (give) a welcome when returning to the village last
week.
31. (2017 天津)Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _____________(regard) as one of the best
all-round forms of exercise.
