Unit5 Working the Land
词汇
1.vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变
2.appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的
3.approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过
4.witness vt.当场看到；见证 n．目击者；证人
5.identical adj.相同的
6.interpret vt.把……理解(解释)为 vi.& vt.口译
7.reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的
8.incident n．发生的事情；严重事件；冲突
9.trial n．& v．审讯；审判；试验；试用
10.slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的
11.reveal vt.揭示；显示；露出
12.clarify vt.使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清
13.tendency n．趋势；倾向
14.barely adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚
15.distract vt.分散(注意力)；使分心
16.distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别
17.ashamed adj.羞愧的；惭愧的
18.merely adv.只是；仅仅；只不过
19.conflict n．& vi.矛盾；冲突
20.ultimately adv.最终；最后
单词变形
1.shortage n．不足；缺少；短缺→short adj.短的
2.devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→devoted adj.忠诚的；挚爱的；专心的→devotion n．献
身；奉献；忠诚
3.assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得→assume v．假定；认为；承担
4.consumption n．消耗；消耗量；消费→consume v．消耗；消费
5.reality n．现实；实际情况；事实→real adj.真的；真实的；现实的
6.convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服→convincing adj.令人信服的
7.generate vt.产生；引起→generation n．产生；一代人
8.extension n．扩建部分；扩大；电话分机→extend v．延伸；扩大；推广
9.entirely adv.全部地；完整地；完全地→entire adj.完整的；完全的
10.nutritional adj.营养(物)的→nutritious adj.有营养的；营养丰富的→nutrition n．营养；滋养
11.bacterium n．细菌→bacteria n．(pl.)细菌
12.depth n．向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→deep adj.深的；深远的短语
1.an agricultural scientist农业科学家
2.conduct research进行研究
3.fufil one’s dream实现某人的梦想
4.care little for fame and weatlh淡薄名利
5.work the land 耕种土地
6.good harvasts 丰收
7.work as从事…职业
8.given that鉴于，考虑到
9.far from the case远非如此
10.deep down 内心深处
11.at heart内心里，本质上
12.ear of rice稻穗
13.open up开发
14.dream up凭空想象
15.power plant发电厂
16.apart from除了…
17.other than除了…
18.commit oneself to…全心全意投入
19.take on 承担责任
20.reduce the intense stress from studying减少来自学习的巨大压力
21.in wartime在战争时期
22.make use of 利用
23.meet increasing consumption demands 满足日益增长的消费需求
24.adapt to 适应
25.live a healthy life过健康的生活
26.make up one’s mind下定决心做某事
27.listen forsth留心听
28.over time随着时间的推移
29.underground water sources地下水源
30.as for至于
31.be rich in nutrition富含营养32.switch to转向，转变
33.Keep…free from…使…免受影响
34.make a good job of sth某事做得好
35.in a logical order按逻辑顺序
36.sound advice合理的建议
37.clear…off…从…清除掉
38.a diverse range of 各种各样的
39.enable sb to do sth使某人做某事
40.carry out a plan实施计划
41.high-paying job高薪工作
42.start up创立
43.for sale 待售
44.have negative impact on对…有消极影响
45.the natural balance of the environment环境的自然平衡
句式
1.However,what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious
shortage of food to eat.
然而,他最关心的是农民经常粮食歉收,有时甚至出现严重的食物短缺。
2.Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops
generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains,and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million
tons of rice per year.
据估算,现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物,这些品种(形成的作物)
让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。
3.My mother is very conventional and finds it hard to accept the modern lifestyle that I enjoy.
我母亲非常传统,觉得很难接受我喜欢的现代生活方式。
4.For example,pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects,but also helpful ones.
例如,农药在杀死有害细菌和昆虫的同时,也会杀死有益的细菌和昆虫,从而破坏土地。
5.What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the
world. 他们不能如愿的原因是化学耕作满足了全世界对食物的高需求。
教材话题题型综合训练
词性转换（一）1．amusement n.娱乐，消遣→ v.使发笑→ adj.有趣的；逗人笑的→ adj.觉得好
笑的；愉快的，开心的
2．entertain v.使快乐→ adj.令人愉快的→ n.娱乐；招待
3．examine v.检查(身体)→ n.考试；检查
4．advertisement n.广告→ v.做广告
5．employer n.雇用者，雇主→ v.雇用→ n.雇员
6．essential adj.极其重要的，必不可少的→ adv.本质上，根本上
7．impress v.使钦佩，使留下深刻印象→ n.印象
8．fame n.名声，名誉→ adj.著名的
9．remark n.言论；意见，评论→ adj.显著的
10．interaction n.交流→ v.交流，互动
11．cruel adj.残忍的→ n.残忍
12．gently adv.温和地；轻柔地→ adj.温和的；文雅的
13．conclude v.结束，终止→ n.结论
14．composer n.作曲家→ v.作曲
词性转换（二）
15．enlarge v.(使)增大，扩大→ adj.大的；大规模的；大量的→ adv.很大程度上，主要
地
16．judge v.判断 n.法官；裁判员→ v.对(人或情况)判断错误→ n.判断力；意见
17．identical adj.完全相同的；非常相似的→ adv.同一地，相等地
18．skin n.皮，皮肤；(蔬菜,水果等)外皮；毛皮→ adj.极瘦的，皮包骨的
19．assume v.假定；认为；承担；装出；呈现→ adj.假定的；假设的→ n.假定，假设
20．psychology n.心理，心理过程→p adj.心理的；精神上的；心理学(上)的；关于心理学的→
adv.心理上地；精神上地→ n.心理学研究者；心理学家 ist结尾的名词
21．fright n.惊吓；恐怖→ adj.可怕的→ v.使惊吓；使惊恐→f adj.受惊的；
害怕的→ adj.引起恐惧的；使惊恐的；骇人的
22．sense n.感觉官能；意识→ adj.明智的；合理的；朴素而实用的；意识到→s adj.愚
蠢的；无意义的→ adj.敏感的；体贴的；有悟性的
23．loyal adj.忠贞的，忠实的，忠诚的→ adv.忠诚地→ n.忠诚，忠实→ n.(尤
指在变动时期对统治者、政府或政党)忠诚的人
24．novel n.小说→ n.小说家25．express n.特快列车；快递服务 v.表达；表示 adj.快速的，明确的→ n.表情；神色→
adj.富于表情的；有表现力的
26．motive n.(尤指隐藏的)动机，原因，目的→ vt.使有动机，促动，激发，诱导；刺激；激
发……的积极性→ n.动机；动力；诱因
词性转换（三）
27．devote vt. 把……献（给）；把……专用于；专心于→ adj. 忠实的；深爱的→ n．
把……献（给）；把……专用于；奉献；忠诚
28．convince vt. 使相信；使确信；说服→ adj. 令人信服的→ adj. 坚信不疑的
29．assume v. 假定；假设；认为→ n. 假定；设定；（责任的）承担； （权利的）获得
30．consume v. 消耗，耗费（燃料、能量、时间等）→ n. 消耗；消耗量；消费
31．real adj. 真实的→ v. 实现→ n. 现实；实际情况；事实
32．salt n. 盐→ adj. 含盐的；咸的
33．nutrition n. 营养；滋养→ adj. 有营养的；营养丰富的→ adj. 营养（物）的
34．deep adj. 深的→ vt. 加深→ n. 向下（或向里）的距离；深（度）
35．entire adj. 全部的，完全的→ adv. 全部地；完整地；完全地
36．chemical adj. 与化学有关的；化学的 n. 化学制品；化学品→ n. 化学
37．extend vt. 伸开；展开；延伸→ n. 扩建部分；扩大；电话分机
词性转换（四）
38． vt. 使相信；使确信；说服→ adj. 确信的→
adj. 令人信服的
39． vt. 把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→ adj. 挚爱的；
忠诚的→ n. 热爱；献身；专心；忠诚
40． n. 消耗；消耗量；消费→ v. 消耗；耗费→
n. 消费者
41． n. 现实；实际情况；事实→ adj. 真的；现实的→
adv. 真正地；事实上
42． adj. 含盐的；咸的→salt n. 食盐
43． n. 假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得→ v. 假定；
假设
44． vt.&vi. 扩大；增加 vt. 扩展；发展(业务)→ n. 扩大；
膨胀45． n. 不足；缺少；短缺→ adj. 短的；缺乏的；不足的→
v. (使)变短；缩短
46． adv. 全部地；完整地；完全地→ adj. 完全的；完整的
47． n. 扩建部分；扩大；电话分机→ v. 使延长；扩大
48． n. 向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→ adj. 深的；纵深的→
adv. 非常；深刻地
49． n. 贫穷；贫困→ adj. 贫穷的→ adv. 糟
糕地；不适
50． adj. 与化学有关的；化学的 n. 化学制品；化学品→ n. 化
学→ n. 化学家；药剂师
51． n. 营养；滋养→ adj. 营养(物)的→ adj.
有营养的；营养丰富的
52． adj. 传统的；习惯的→ n. 惯例；习俗
完成句子
53．The new text (由……组成) three parts is hard to recite.
54．Increasing production costs will, (相应地，转而), lead to higher prices.
55． (我注意到的事) when I played with it was that I would sneeze a lot and my arms
became red.
56．Maybe I can (说服你和我来)next year.
57．My choice (基于假设) that house price would remain steady.
58．The high cost prohibits (……的广泛应用)the drug.
翻译
59．人们普遍认为，化学产品是农民的重要工具
60．令我们无比感动的是, 尽管道路险阻, 警察们最终成功营救了困在雪地的游客们。(despite)
61．教师致力于培养孩子的创新能力, 这是教书育人的重要使命之一。(which)
62．令校长开心的是，自推行新教材以来，越来越多的学生对地理表现出兴趣。(introduce)
63．谁能快速获得并准确分析目标客户的数据，谁就比对手有竞争优势，掌握先机，迅速脱颖而出。(Whoever)
64．你们公司有必要开始认真开拓市场了。(essential; get down)
65．无论他有多么不愿意承认，凌乱的生活环境是他们家庭矛盾的根源。（however）
66．钱学森与大多数工程师不同之处在于他不断地渴望创新和实验。(使用主语从句翻译)
阅读理解
Why do farmers grow crops outside in fields when we can arrange them vertically (垂直地)? The idea of
vertical farming was first proposed in 1999. It was seen as a way to save space, reduce air miles and transform old
and abandoned buildings, like warehouses. In 2021, Fortune Business Insights valued the global vertical farming
market at 3.47 billion dollars. Now, however, this industry is under threat, partly due to rising energy costs.
According to the magazine Science Focus, vertical farming gives ten times the yield (产量) of conventional
outdoor farming. However, in order for crops to grow using this method, plants are placed in a controlled
environment, grown not under the Sun, but under LED lights and watered with recycled water pumped on a closed-
loop system (闭环系统).
Unfortunately, energy prices have risen across the globe. Therefore, this reliance on electricity has meant the
last few years have not been easy for the industry. Cindy van Rijswick, from the Dutch research firm
RaboResearch, has estimated that operational costs for a vertical farm are around 15% higher now compared to 18
months ago. Infarm, Europe’s largest vertical farming company, made around500 employees redundant (被裁员的)
in November 2022 because they needed to downsize. They blamed higher operating costs due to energy increases
as one reason for the layoffs.
Another issue related to the cost-of -living crisis and affecting vertical farming is the type of produce grown.
This includes herbs such as basil, as well as salad leaves and leafy greens. Compared to traditionally farmed plants,
like onions and carrots, these products tend to be more expensive, which could lead to reduced demand as
consumers become more cautious about their spending.
So, it seems that a future with food grown under LED lights is looking less and less bright.
67．What is the feature of vertical farming?
A．Saving urban land and achieving zero emissions.
B．Demanding highly technical and complex control.C．High energy consumption and low output value.
D．Making full use of sunlight and water resources.
68．How does the author develop his idea in Paragraph 3?
A．By making assumptions.
B．By criticizing a typical behaviour.
C．By listing specific data and facts.
D．By referring to a social phenomenon.
69．What can we infer from the text?
A．Vertical farming avoids climate and disaster impacts.
B．Vertical farming costs jumped due to higher energy prices.
C．Vertical farming grows high-value, cost-effective produce.
D．High yield protects vertical farming from market competition.
70．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．Is This the End of Vertical Farming? B．Is Vertical Farming Highly Efficient?
C．Challenges Industrial Agriculture Faces D．New Trends in Vertical Agriculture
七选五
Einstein’s Opinions on Creative Thinking
“The greatest scientists are artists as well,” said Albert Einstein, one of the greatest physicists and an amateur
pianist and violinist.
For Einstein, insight did not come from logic or mathematics. 71 “All great achievements of
science must start from intuitive (直觉的) knowledge. Imagination is more important than knowledge.”
72 Surprisingly, it wasn’t the content of an idea, or its subject, that determined whether something
was art or science, but how the idea was expressed. If what is seen and experienced is described in the language of
logic, then it is science. If it is communicated and recognized intuitively, then it is art. 73 That’s why he
said that great scientists were also artists.
74 “If I were not a physicist,” he once said, “I would probably be a musician. I often think in music
and I see my life in terms of music. I get most joy in life out of music.” Music provided Einstein with a connection
between time and space, which both combine spatial (空间的) and structural aspects. “The theory of relativity
occurred to me by intuition and music is the driving force behind this intuition,” said Einstein. “My parents had me
study the violin from the time I was six. 75 ”
A．But how did art differ from science for Einstein?B．Instead, it came from intrusion (直觉) and inspiration.
C．My new discovery is the result of musical insight.
D．There is no doubt that my theory was a great breakthrough then.
E．Einstein himself worked intuitively and expressed himself logically.
F．Einstein also owed his scientific insight and intuition mainly to music.
G．For Einstein, it was the humanities that mainly contributed to his achievements.
完形填空
Do you think you have what it takes to be a successful scientist? A successful scientist is generally a good
observer. He makes full use of the facts he observes. He doesn’t accept ideas which are not 76 on obvious
facts, and therefore 77 to accept authority as the only reason for truth. He always checks ideas 78
and makes experiments to prove them.
The rise of modern science may perhaps be considered to 79 as far back as the time of Roger Bacon,
the wonderful philosopher of Oxford. He was probably the first person in the Middle Ages to 80 that we
should learn science by observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself 81 many
important truths.
However, Galileo, who lived more than 300 years later, was the greatest of several great men in Italy, France,
Germany, and England, who began to show how many important 82 could be discovered by observation.
Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more 83 towards the earth than small ones,
because Aristotle said so. But Galileo went to the top of the Leaning Tower of Pisa and dropped two 84
stones, proving Aristotle was wrong. It is Galileo’s 85 of going directly to nature, and proving our 86
and theories by experiment, that has 87 all the discoveries of modern science.
What 88 those people good scientists? From the example of Galileo, we can see 89 that
successful scientists are those whose observations have 90 better results.
76．A．dependent B．based C．insisted D．centered
77．A．refuses B．desires C．intends D．regrets
78．A．casually B．carefully C．quickly D．privately
79．A．look B．keep C．date D．turn
80．A．command B．suspect C．predict D．conclude
81．A．brought B．recorded C．discovered D．announced
82．A．truths B．problems C．investigations D．subjects
83．A．slowly B．rapidly C．lightly D．heavily84．A．big B．small C．similar D．unequal
85．A．spirit B．skill C．theory D．wish
86．A．plans B．opinions C．world D．ability
87．A．led to B．came with C．set up D．put forward
88．A．promises B．prevents C．considers D．makes
89．A．likely B．clearly C．naturally D．unwillingly
90．A．foreseen B．rejected C．produced D．challenged
单句语法填空
91．It is clarified that there are still a large number of people facing (poor) in the area.
92． we need are your two New Year’s (resolve).
93．The company has made some (assume) about the market.
94．The hockey team (comprise) twelve members won the final last night.
95．As the educator puts it, (expand) your knowledge by reading more books is a wise choice.
96．On the that I am chosen as the chairman, I will definitely relevant responsibility.
(assume)
97． all his life to educating his students, the old teacher was admired for his to
the education cause. (devote)
98．Traditional economic analysis is premised on the (assume) that more is better.
99．So far, Shandong has launched many cultural tourism projects, making great progress in digging into the
culture and value of the Yellow River (boost) the high-quality development of the region.
100．The power (short) had made him realize how much electricity is wasted and that we need to save
power in general.
101．He is a man who (devote) himself to his career.
102． (devote) considerable efforts to providing tourists with a better travel experience, Harbin has
become an attractive tourism destination.
103．He is suffering from a heart disease and he was advised to reduce his alcohol (consume).
104．The soup is not sufficiently (salt)for the girl to drink.
105．How terrible! The beef is too (salt) to eat.
语篇填空
“Planting 200 acres of rice in two hours, I didn’t dare to dream of such efficiency in the past,” Xie Feilong, a
farmer from Liuyuan town of Aksu Prefecture (地区) of Northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,expressed 106 (he) gratitude for the use of drones (无人机) to plant rice this year.
Xie’s family has planted over 3,000 acres of rice. In previous years, during the rice planting season, the
whole family and several dozen workers would walk into the 107 (ice) rice fields to plant seeds. “Last year,
some people in the village 108 (use) drones to plant rice. I was hesitant because I wasn’t sure whether it
would work well, so I didn’t dare to try it. As it turned out, the rice 109 (plant) with drones by others was
evenly distributed and at the right density (密度), 110 saved time, effort and money. This year, I also
employed drones for planting, removing the need for the whole family 111 (work) in the cold water,” Xie
said.
On April 22, 2024, 14,000 acres of rice in 112 town Xie comes from were all planted using drones,
achieving mechanized planting. It’s expected that this year’s rice output will range from 700 113 900
kilograms per acre, 114 (generate) income of around 700 to 1,000 yuan per acre.
In 2024, Aksu Prefecture plans to plant 100,000 acres of rice. The prefecture has greatly promoted the use of
new technologies and equipment in agriculture, innovated service models and 115 (active) promoted
services such as drone planting and pest control.
应用文写作
假如你是李华，收到好友John 的邮件。John希望你介绍他所敬佩的著名中国科学家钱学森。请你给他回
一封电子邮件告知。
主要内容包括：
(1)他的主要经历；
(2)他的伟大成就；
(3)他的个人品质；
注意：(1)可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
(2)词数80左右。
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